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Ma H, Li C, Xiao N, Liu J, Li P, Xu J, Yan J, Zhang S, Xia T. Heterologous synthesis of poly-γ-glutamic acid enhanced drought resistance in maize (Zea mays L.). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133179. [PMID: 38880448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress is the main factor restricting maize yield. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), as a water-retaining agent and fertilizer synergist, could significantly improve the drought resistance and yield of many crops. However, its high production costs and unclear long-term impact on soil ecology limit its large-scale application. In this study, an environmentally friendly green material γ-PGA was heterologous synthesized in maize for the first time using the synthetic biology method. The genes (PgsA, PgsB, PgsC) participated in γ-PGA synthesis were cloned from Bacillus licheniformis and transformed into maize to produce γ-PGA for the first time. Under drought stress, transgenic maize significantly increased the ear length, ear weight and grain weight by 50 % compared to the control, whereas the yield characteristic of ear weight, grain number per ear, grain weight per ear and 100-grain weight increased by 1.67 %-2.33 %, 3.78 %-13.06 %, 8.41 %-22.06 %, 6.03 %-19.28 %, and 11.85 %-18.36 %, respectively under normal growth conditions. γ-PGA was mainly expressed in the mesophyll cells of maize leaf rosette structure and improved drought resistance and yield by protecting and increasing the expression of genes for the photosynthetic and carbon fixation. This study is an important exploration for maize drought stress molecular breeding and building resource-saving agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Ma
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Can Li
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ning Xiao
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jiang Liu
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, PR China
| | - Panpan Li
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jieting Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jianbin Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shengkui Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Tao Xia
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China.
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Zheng L, Wang S, Gu X, Gao A, Liu L, Wu X, Pan H, Zhang H. Pantoea jilinensis D25 enhances tomato salt tolerance via altering antioxidant responses and soil microbial community structure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117846. [PMID: 38065387 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
As a major challenge to global food security, soil salinity is an important abiotic stress factor that seriously affects the crop growth and yield. In this study, the mechanism of salt resistance of Pantoea jilinensis D25 and its improving effect on salt tolerance of tomato were explored with salt resistance-related genes identified in strain D25 by genomic sequencing. The results showed that in comparison with the treatment of NaCl, strain D25 significantly increased the fresh weight, shoot length, root length, and chlorophyll content of tomato under salt stress by 46.7%, 20%, 42.4%, and 44.2%, respectively, with increased absorptions of various macronutrients and micronutrients and decreased accumulation of Na+. The activities of defense enzymes (peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and polyphenol oxidase) were enhanced, while the content of malondialdehyde was decreased. The results of quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the expressions of genes (SlSOS1, SlNHX1, SlHKT1.1, SlSOD1, SlAPX2, SlAOS, SlPin II, Solyc08g066270.1, Solyc03g083420.2 and SlGA20ox1) related to ion transporters, antioxidant machinery, key defense, serine/threonine protein kinase synthesis, and gibberellin (GA) signal protein were up-regulated and were the highest in the treatment of both NaCl and strain D25. The activities of enzymes (dehydrogenase, urease, invertase, and catalase activities) related to soil fertility were enhanced. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that soil microbial diversity and the abundance of probiotics (e.g., Acidibacter, Limnobacter, and Romboutsia) were significantly increased. Our study provided strong experimental evidence to support the agricultural application of strain D25 in the promotion of growth in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lining Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Shengyi Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Xuehu Gu
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Ao Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Ling Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Xian Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ChangChun, 130000, China.
| | - Hongyu Pan
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Sun K, Li Z, Lian M, Li Q, Wang R, Gu Y, Lei P, He H, Xu H, Sha F, Sun L. Characterization of a novel exopolysaccharide from Acinetobacter rhizosphaerae with ability to enhance the salt stress resistance of rice seedlings. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128438. [PMID: 38042318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
We here describe the isolation of a novel exopolysaccharide from Acinetobacter rhizosphaerae, named ArEPS. The structure of ArEPS was characterized by analysis of the monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, infrared spectrum, methylation, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum. ArEPS was found to be an acidic heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, mannose, and glucosamine; the molecular weight was 1533 kDa. Structural analysis showed that the main-chain structure of ArEPS predominantly comprised 1,3,6-β-Glcp, 1,3,4-α-Galp, 1,2-β-Glcp, 1,4-β-GlcpA, 1,4-β-GalpA, and the side-chain structure comprised 1,6-β-Glcp, 1,3-β-Galp, 1-α-Glcp, 1-β-Galp, 1-α-Manp, 1,4,6-α-Glcp, 1,2,4-β-Glcp, 1,2,3-β-Glcp, and 1,3-β-GlcpN. ArEPS significantly enhanced the tolerance of rice seedlings to salt stress. Specifically, plant height, fresh weight, chlorophyll content, and the K+/Na+ ratio increased by 51 %, 63 %, 29 %, and 162 %, respectively, and the malondialdehyde content was reduced by 45 % after treatment with 100 mg/kg ArEPS compared to treatment with 100 mM NaCl. Finally, based on the quadratic regression between fresh weight and ArEPS addition, the optimal ArEPS addition level was estimated to be 135.12 mg/kg. These results indicate the prospects of ArEPS application in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; Suzhou Cornigs Polyols CO., LTD., Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Mengyu Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Quan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Peng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hongjie He
- Westa College, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Feng Sha
- Suzhou Cornigs Polyols CO., LTD., Suzhou 215000, China; School of Chemical Biology & Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Liang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Shan C, Luo Y, Yang C, Gao X. The Effects of Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid on the Postharvest Physiology and Quality of Strawberry cv. Hongyan during Cold Storage. Foods 2023; 12:2944. [PMID: 37569213 PMCID: PMC10419068 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) on the postharvest physiology and quality of the strawberry cv. Hongyan during cold storage. The results showed that all concentrations of γ-PGA improved decay control and strawberry preservation by enhancing antioxidant capacity, delaying the softening process, and maintaining fruit quality, especially for 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA. After 14 days of treatment, compared with control, 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA decreased weight loss, decay rate, and index by 21.9%, 75.0%, and 66.7% and increased the total antioxidant capacity by 43.5% through antioxidant enzymes. In addition, 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA increased fruit firmness by 53.6% by decreasing the activities of polygalacturonase, pectin lyase, cellulase, and β-galactosidase. In terms of color quality, 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA improved the values of lightness and yellowness by 30.9% and 52.8%. As regards nutritional quality, 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA increased the contents of protein, soluble sugars, vitamin C, and total phenols by 106.6%, 80.6%, 51.2%, and 78.4%. In terms of sensory quality, 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA increased the soluble solids' content by 19.0% and decreased the titrated acids' content by 21.1%, which increased the sugar-acid ratio by 50.9%. Our findings suggest that 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA can be used to improve the decay control and preservation of strawberry cv. Hongyan under cold storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjuan Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.L.); (C.Y.); (X.G.)
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Santra HK, Banerjee D. Drought alleviation efficacy of a galactose rich polysaccharide isolated from endophytic Mucor sp. HELF2: A case study on rice plant. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1064055. [PMID: 36777025 PMCID: PMC9910089 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1064055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytes play a vital role in plant growth under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. In the present investigation, a Galactose-Rich Heteropolysaccharide (GRH) with a molecular weight of 2.98 × 105 Da was isolated from endophytic Mucor sp. HELF2, a symbiont of the East Indian screw tree Helicteres isora. OVAT (One Variable at A Time) experiment coupled with RSM (Response Surface Methodology) study exhibited 1.5-fold enhanced GRH production (20.10 g L-1) in supplemented potato dextrose broth at a pH of 7.05 after 7.5 days of fermentation in 26°C. GRH has alleviated drought stress (polyethylene glycol induced) in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa ssp. indica MTU 7093 swarna) by improving its physicochemical parameters. It has been revealed that spray with a 50-ppm dosage of GRH exhibited an improvement of 1.58, 2.38, 3, and 4 times in relative water contents and fresh weight of the tissues, root length, and shoot length of the rice seedlings, respectively "in comparison to the control". Moreover, the soluble sugars, prolines, and chlorophyll contents of the treated rice seedlings were increased upto 3.5 (0.7 ± 0.05 mg/g fresh weight), 3.89 (0.57 ± 0.03 mg/g fresh weight), and 2.32 (1,119 ± 70.8 μg/gm of fresh weight) fold respectively, whereas malondialdehyde contents decreased up to 6 times. The enzymatic antioxidant parameters like peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and catalase activity of the 50 ppm GRH treated seedlings were found to be elevated 1.8 (720 ± 53 unit/gm/min fresh weight), 1.34 (75.34 ± 4.8 unit/gm/min fresh weight), and up to 3 (100 ppm treatment for catalase - 54.78 ± 2.91 unit/gm/min fresh weight) fold, respectively. In this context, the present outcomes contribute to the development of novel strategies to ameliorate drought stress and could fortify the agro-economy of India.
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Wang Y, Duan W, Lv C, Wei Z, Zhu Y, Yang Q, Liu Y, Shen Z, Xia Y, Duan K, Quan L. Citric Acid and Poly-glutamic Acid Promote the Phytoextraction of Cadmium and Lead in Solanum nigrum L. Grown in Compound Cd-Pb Contaminated Soils. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 110:37. [PMID: 36607448 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytoextraction is an efficient strategy for remediating heavy metal-contaminated soil. Chelators can improve the bioavailability of heavy metals and increase phytoextraction efficiency. However, traditional chelators have gradually been replaced due to secondary pollution. In this study, a typical organic acid (citric acid, CA) and a novel biodegradable chelator (poly-glutamic acid, PGA), were investigated using pot experiments to compare the phytoextraction efficiency of Solanum nigrum L. (a Cd (hyper)accumulator) for cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in contaminated soil. The results showed CA and PGA significantly improved plant growth, and total Cd and Pb amounts of S. nigrum, both CA and PGA significantly increased the shoot Cd and Pb concentrations. However, only PGA significantly increased the root Pb concentration. CA and PGA application promoted the bioavailability of Cd and Pb in rhizosphere soils and their translocations from roots to shoots in S. nigrum. Both CA and PGA increased the phytoextraction efficiency of Cd and Pb in S. nigrum plants, and the PGA for Cd and Pb phytoextraction was more effective than CA. Our findings demonstrate that the biodegradable chelator PGA has great potential for enhancing phytoextraction from compound Cd-Pb contaminated soils, suggesting that biodegradable chelator-assisted phytoextraction with (hyper)accumulator is strongly recommended in severely contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Weidong Duan
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, 450000, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Wei
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, 450000, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Yang
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, 450000, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, 450000, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China.
| | - Kun Duan
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, 450000, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingtong Quan
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
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Guan E, Zhang T, Wu K, Yang Y, Bian K. Physicochemical properties and gluten structures of frozen steamed bread dough under freeze–thaw treatment affected by gamma-polyglutamic acid. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Glutamic Acid and Poly-γ-glutamic Acid Enhanced the Heat Resistance of Chinese Cabbage ( Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) by Improving Carotenoid Biosynthesis, Photosynthesis, and ROS Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911671. [PMID: 36232971 PMCID: PMC9570168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is one of the most common agrometeorological risks in crop production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. This study aimed to investigate whether glutamic acid (Glu) or poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) biostimulants can improve the thermotolerance of a cool-season Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) crop. Priming with Glu (2.0 mM) or γ-PGA (20 mg·L−1) was conducted at the third leaf stage by applying as daily foliar sprays for 5 days before 5 days of heat stress (45 °C in 16-h light/35 °C in 8-h dark). Coupled with morpho-physiological and biochemical analyses, transcriptomes of Glu or γ-PGA-primed Chinese cabbage under heat stress were examined by RNA-seq analysis. The results showed that the thermotolerance conferred by Glu and γ-PGA priming was associated with the increased parameters of vegetative growth, gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Compared with the control, the dry weights of plants treated with Glu and γ-PGA increased by 51.52% and 39.39%, respectively. Glu and γ-PGA application also significantly increased the contents of total chlorophyll by 42.21% and 23.12%, and carotenoid by 32.00% and 24.00%, respectively. In addition, Glu- and γ-PGA-primed plants markedly inhibited the levels of malondialdehyde, electrolyte leakage, and super-oxide anion radical, which was accompanied by enhanced activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD). Enrichment analysis of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) categories within the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) functional clusters of RNA-seq data indicated that the expression levels of the genes for DNA replication, DNA repair system, linoleic acid metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, purine and pyrimidine metabolism, carotenoid biosynthesis, and plant–pathogen interaction were commonly up-regulated by both Glu and γ-PGA priming. Glu treatment enhanced the expression levels of the genes involved in aliphatic glucosinolate and 2-oxocarboxylic acid, while γ-PGA treatment activated carotenoid cleavage reaction to synthesize abscisic acid. Taken together, both Glu and γ-PGA have great potential for the preadaptation of Chinese cabbage seedlings to heat stress, with Glu being more effective than γ-PGA.
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Santra HK, Banerjee D. Production, Optimization, Characterization and Drought Stress Resistance by β-Glucan-Rich Heteropolysaccharide From an Endophytic Fungi Colletotrichum alatae LCS1 Isolated From Clubmoss ( Lycopodium clavatum). FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2022; 2:796010. [PMID: 37744113 PMCID: PMC10512251 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2021.796010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic entities are ubiquitous in nature with all-square bioactivity ranging from therapeutic effects toward animals to growth promoting attributes and stress tolerance activities in case of green plants. In the present study, the club moss Lycopodium clavatum for the first time has been subjected for the isolation of endophytic fungi. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) extracted from Colletotrichum alatae LCS1, an endophytic fungi isolated from L. clavatum Linn., was characterized as a β-glucan heteropolymer (composed of mannose, rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, galactose, and fucose) which plays a pivotal role in obliterating the drought stress in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa) when applied at an amount of 20, 50, and 100 ppm. The fresh weight contents of rice tissue (39%), total chlorophyll (33%), proline (41%), soluble sugar content (26%) along with antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, and super-oxide dismutase increased (in comparison to control of non-EPS treated seedlings) while malondialdehyde content had reduced markedly after 30 days of regular treatment. The drought resistance of rice seedling was observed at peak when applied at 50 ppm dosage. Vital parameters for EPS production like fermentation duration (5 days), medium pH (6), nutrient (carbon (glucose-7 g%/l), nitrogen (yeast extract-0.4 g%/l), and mineral (NaCl-0.10 g%/l) sources, oxygen requirements (O2 vector or liquid alkane-n-hexane, n-heptane, n-hexadecane), and headspace volume (250 ml Erlenmeyer flask- 50 ml medium, 200 ml-headspace volume) were optimized to obtain an enhanced EPS yield of 17.38 g/L-59% higher than the preoptimized one. The present study, for the first time, reported the β-glucan rich heteropolysaccharide from Colletotrichum origin which is unique in structure and potent in its function of drought stress tolerance and could enhance the sustainable yield of rice cultivation in areas facing severe drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Debdulal Banerjee
- Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, India
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Ma H, Li P, Liu X, Li C, Zhang S, Wang X, Tao X. Poly-γ-glutamic acid enhanced the drought resistance of maize by improving photosynthesis and affecting the rhizosphere microbial community. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:11. [PMID: 34979944 PMCID: PMC8722152 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03392-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with other abiotic stresses, drought stress causes serious crop yield reductions. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), as an environmentally friendly biomacromolecule, plays an important role in plant growth and regulation. RESULTS In this project, the effect of exogenous application of γ-PGA on drought tolerance of maize (Zea mays. L) and its mechanism were studied. Drought dramatically inhibited the growth and development of maize, but the exogenous application of γ-PGA significantly increased the dry weight of maize, the contents of ABA, soluble sugar, proline, and chlorophyll, and the photosynthetic rate under severe drought stress. RNA-seq data showed that γ-PGA may enhance drought resistance in maize by affecting the expression of ABA biosynthesis, signal transduction, and photosynthesis-related genes and other stress-responsive genes, which was also confirmed by RT-PCR and promoter motif analysis. In addition, diversity and structure analysis of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community demonstrated that γ-PGA enriched plant growth promoting bacteria such as Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Alphaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria. Moreover, γ-PGA significantly improved root development, urease activity and the ABA contents of maize rhizospheric soil under drought stress. This study emphasized the possibility of using γ-PGA to improve crop drought resistance and the soil environment under drought conditions and revealed its preliminary mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous application of poly-γ-glutamic acid could significantly enhance the drought resistance of maize by improving photosynthesis, and root development and affecting the rhizosphere microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingwang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengkui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Wu X, Chen Y, Li C, Zhang X, Tan X, Lv L, Liu Y, Zhang D. GroEL protein from the potential biocontrol agent Rhodopseudomonas palustris enhances resistance to rice blast disease. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:5445-5453. [PMID: 34331498 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GroEL, which is a chaperone, plays a key role in maintaining protein homeostasis and, among other functions, serves to prevent protein misfolding and aggregation. In addition, the GroEL protein also has a significant effect on enhancing plant resistance and inhibiting plant diseases. However, the function of the GroEL protein in the inhibition of rice blast remains unknown. RESULTS Field experiment results show that photosynthetic bacteria PSB-06 have a good control effect on Magnaporthe oryzae. PSB-06 also can promote rice growth and enhance stress resistance. A GroEL protein which was separated and purified from photosynthetic bacteria had a significant antagonistic effect on appressorial formation and pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae, meanwhile transcriptional analysis demonstrated that the GroEL protein could improve the expression of defense gene of rice. CONCLUSION Our results show that the photosynthetic bacteria Rhodopseudomonas palustris significantly controls rice blast disease. Its action involves an extracellular GroEL protein, which inhibits appressoria formation, antagonizes the pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae and promotes a host defense response. The research results provide evidence of the potential of this photosynthetic bacterium as a biocontrol agent at least for rice blast control. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice and Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Long Ping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice and Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Long Ping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenggang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice and Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice and Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xinqiu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice and Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Long Ping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, and Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Crop Diseases, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Institute of Plant Protection & Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice and Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Long Ping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Deyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice and Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Long Ping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
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12
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Yang K, Wang Q, Wang Y, Li S, Gu Y, Gao N, Zhang F, Lei P, Wang R, Xu H. Poly(γ-glutamic acid) Nanocoating To Enhance the Viability of Pseudomonas stutzeri NRCB010 through Cell Surface Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39957-39966. [PMID: 34376049 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbial inoculants can enhance soil quality, promote plant nutrient acquisition, and alleviate problems caused by the excessive use of chemical fertilizers. However, susceptibility to harsh conditions during transport and storage, as well as the short shelf-life of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), limit industrial application. Herein, a novel strategy to form nanocoating on bacterial surfaces to enhance viability was proposed. The nanocoating was composed of N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-modified poly (γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) and calcium ions, which could adhere to the surface of bacteria by forming covalent bonds and ionic bonds with the bacteria. The bacteria encapsulated in the coating had better resistance against harsh conditions than bare bacteria. The viability of coated bacteria was also increased by 2.38 times compared with bare bacteria after 4 weeks of storage. The pot experiment showed that coated Pseudomonas stutzeri NRCB010 had better growth-promoting properties compared with free P. stutzeri NRCB010. These results indicate that cell surface engineering is an effective method to enhance the resistance of bacteria against harsh conditions and is expected to promote the widespread use of PGPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 211816, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 211816, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 211816, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 211816, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 211816, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Nan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 211816, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Fuhai Zhang
- Agricultural and Rural Affairs of Yantai, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Peng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 211816, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 211816, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 211816, China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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13
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Ji G, Xu L, Lyu Q, Liu Y, Gong X, Li X, Yan Z. Poly-γ-glutamic acid production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using corn straw and its fertilizer synergistic effect evaluation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2181-2191. [PMID: 34086133 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural wastes rich in lignocellulosic biomass have been used in the production of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) through separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), but this process is complicated and generates a lot of wastes. In order to find a simpler and greener way to produce γ-PGA using agricultural wastes, this study attempted to establish simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with citric acid-pretreated corn straw. The possibility of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JX-6 using corn straw as substrate to synthesize γ-PGA was validated, and the results showed that increasing the proportion of glucose in the substrate could improve the γ-PGA yield. Based on these preliminary results, the corn straw was pretreated using citric acid. Then, the liquid fraction (xylan-rich) was used for cultivation of seed culture, and the solid fraction (glucan-rich) was used as the substrate for SSF. In a 10-L fermenter, the maximum cumulative γ-PGA concentration in batch and fed-batch SSF were 5.08 ± 0.78 g/L and 10.78 ± 0.32 g/L, respectively. Moreover, the product from SSF without γ-PGA extraction was used as a fertilizer synergist, increasing the yield of pepper by 13.46% (P < 0.05). Our study greatly simplified the production steps of γ-PGA, and each step achieved zero emission as far as possible. The SSF process for γ-PGA production provided a simple and green way for lignocellulose biorefinery and sustainable cultivation in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaosheng Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lishan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyang Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Gong
- Institute of Horticulture, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Xudong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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14
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He X, Liu W, Li W, Liu Y, Wang W, Xie P, Kang Y, Liao L, Qian L, Liu Z, Guan C, Guan M, Hua W. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of CaM/CML genes in Brassica napus under abiotic stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 255:153251. [PMID: 33129076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are primary calcium (Ca2+) sensors and are involved in the regulation of plant development and stress responses by converting calcium signals into transcriptional responses, protein phosphorylation, or metabolic changes. However, the characterization and expression profiling of CaM/CML genes in Brassica napus remain limited. The present study reports that 25 BnaCaM and 168 BnaCML genes were identified in B. napus. The phylogenetics, gene structures, gene motifs, gene chromosomal locations, syntenic and Ka/Ks analysis, promoter cis-acting elements, and expression characteristics in various organs and under abiotic stress were evaluated. The phylogenetic results revealed a total of 11 subgroups, including one unique clade of CaMs distinct from CMLs. Most of group I (CaM), II, III, and X members are intron rich, while members from the other seven groups are intron-less. The majority of CaM/CML proteins have four EF-hands. Syntenic analysis showed that 91.3 % orthologous CaM/CML gene pairs between B. rapa and B. oleracea were retained as homologous gene pairs in B. napus. Ka/Ks analysis indicated that the majority of BnaCaM/CML experienced purifying selection. Expression analysis showed that BnaCaMs genes are highly and ubiquitously expressed in all of the organs and tissues examined, while distinct BnaCMLs are expressed specifically in particular organs and tissues. In total, 129 BnaCaM/CML were induced by abiotic stress and phytohormones. BnaCMLs from group IV, VI, VIII, and X were strongly induced by freezing treatment, but were not or just slightly induced by chilling treatment. The present study is the first to analyze the CaM/CML gene family in B. napus, which is useful for understanding the functions of the BnaCaM/CML in modulating plant responses to abiotic stress, especially freezing stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Wenqian Li
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Pan Xie
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Li Liao
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Lunwen Qian
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Zhongsong Liu
- Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Chunyun Guan
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Mei Guan
- Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
| | - Wei Hua
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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15
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Xu XY, Sun L, Li S, Xu H, Lei P. Welan gum promoted the growth of rice seedlings by enhancing carbon and nitrogen assimilation. Carbohydr Res 2020; 498:108181. [PMID: 33220604 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Based on the characteristics of natural polysaccharides in film-forming, chelating, and environmental friendly, a natural polysaccharide fertilizer agent was selected to increase the utilization of nitrogen fertilizer and increase plant growth. Five polysaccharides: xanthan gum, guar gum, fenugreek gum, welan gum and chitosan were screened for plant growth promoting effect. The results showed that welan gum had the most significant effect on promoting the growth of rice seedlings, and the concentrations of 0.1 mg mL-1 and 0.15 mg mL-1 showed the best growth effects. The effects of welan gum on nitrogen utilization in rice seedlings were investigated. Results showed welan gum increased the contents of ammonium, nitrate, free amino acids, and proteins in rice seedlings. There were four key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism which are nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, and glutamate dehydrogenase significantly enhanced by welan gum though up-regulating the transcriptional levels of these enzymes. Therefore, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen metabolism in rice seedlings were promoted to increase the biomass of rice seedlings. Based on the research, results showed that welan gum could constitute a promising fertilizer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ying Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, No.3 Wenyuan Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liang Sun
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Pukou District, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Sha Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Pukou District, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Pukou District, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Peng Lei
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Pukou District, Nanjing, 211800, China.
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16
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Sun L, Yang Y, Wang R, Li S, Qiu Y, Lei P, Gao J, Xu H, Zhang F, Lv Y. Effects of exopolysaccharide derived from Pantoea alhagi NX-11 on drought resistance of rice and its efficient fermentation preparation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:946-955. [PMID: 32593756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS) plays an important role in plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB)-mediated enhancement of plant abiotic stress resistance. In this study, it is found that EPS from Pantoea alhagi NX-11 foliar sprayed at 20, 50, and 100 ppm could significantly enhance drought resistance of rice seedlings. The fresh weight and relative water content of EPS sprayed were increased. In addition, malondialdehyde content reduced while total chlorophyll, proline and soluble sugar content, prominent enhanced. Meanwhile, the antioxidant enzymes, CAT, POD and SOD, were also significantly increased. The drought resistance of rice was most pronounced at the 50 ppm EPS dose. For the sake of commercializing the gram-negative EPS-producing PGPB which were difficult to preserve, it is vital to improve the EPS yield. First, the carbon source, nitrogen source and inorganic salt were optimized. Subsequently, the effect of three oxygen vectors, which could increase the efficiency of oxygen mass transfer, on EPS yield was studied by response surface methodology. The maximum EPS yield (19.27 g/L) was obtained, which is 51.7% higher than the initial yield of 12.7 g/L. Overall, it may provide a new way for the industrialization of PGPB to increase the yield of EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yanbo Yang
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Sha Li
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yibin Qiu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Peng Lei
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, China Co-op, Nanjing 211111, China.
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute Of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Fenglun Zhang
- Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, China Co-op, Nanjing 211111, China
| | - Yunfei Lv
- Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Yantai, Yantai 264000, China
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17
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Sha Y, Qiu Y, Zhu Y, Sun T, Luo Z, Gao J, Feng X, Li S, Xu H. CRISPRi-Based Dynamic Regulation of Hydrolase for the Synthesis of Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid with Variable Molecular Weights. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:2450-2459. [PMID: 32794764 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a decomposable polymer and has been useful in various industries. The biological functions of γ-PGA are closely linked with its molecular weight (MW). In this study, we established an efficient method to produce variable MWs of γ-PGA from renewable biomass (Jerusalem artichoke) by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. First, a systematic engineering strategy was proposed in B. amyloliquefaciens to construct an optimal platform for γ-PGA overproduction, in which 24.95 g/L γ-PGA generation was attained. Second, 27.12 g/L γ-PGA with an MW of 20-30 kDa was obtained by introducing a γ-PGA hydrolase (pgdS) into the platform strain constructed above, which reveals a potential correlation between the expression level of pgdS and MW of γ-PGA. Then, a Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats interference (CRISPRi) system was further designed to regulate pgdS expression levels, resulting in γ-PGA with variable MWs. Finally, a combinatorial approach based on three sgRNAs with different repression efficiencies was developed to achieve the dynamic regulation of pgdS and obtain tailor-made γ-PGA production in the MW range of 50-1400 kDa in one strain. This study illustrates a promising approach for the sustainable making of biopolymers with diverse molecular weights in one strain through the controllable expression of hydrolase using the CRISPRi system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Sha
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yibin Qiu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
| | - Tao Sun
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhengshan Luo
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohai Feng
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
| | - Sha Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, P. R. China
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18
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Pang Z, Zhao Y, Xu P, Yu D. Microbial Diversity of Upland Rice Roots and Their Influence on Rice Growth and Drought Tolerance. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091329. [PMID: 32878310 PMCID: PMC7564600 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Among abiotic stresses, drought is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth. To increase their drought tolerance and survival, most plants interact directly with a variety of microbes. Upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a rice ecotype that differs from irrigated ecotype rice; it is adapted to both drought-stress and aerobic conditions. However, its root microbial resources have not been explored. We isolated bacteria and fungi from roots of upland rice in Xishuangbanna, China. Four hundred sixty-two endophytic and rhizospheric isolates (337 bacteria and 125 fungi) were distributed. They were distributed among 43 genera on the basis of 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequence analysis. Notably, these root microbes differed from irrigated rice root microbes in irrigated environments; for example, members of the Firmicutes phylum were enriched (by 28.54%) in the roots of the upland plants. The plant growth-promoting (PGP) potential of 217 isolates was investigated in vitro. The PGP ability of 17 endophytic and 10 rhizospheric isolates from upland rice roots was evaluated under well-irrigated and drought-stress conditions, and 9 fungal strains increased rice seedling shoot length, shoot and root fresh weight (FW), antioxidant capability, and proline (Pro) and soluble sugar contents. Our work suggests that fungi from upland rice roots can increase plant growth under irrigated and drought-stress conditions and can serve as effective microbial resources for sustainable agricultural production in arid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Pang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Z.P.); (Y.Z.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Z.P.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Peng Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Z.P.); (Y.Z.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- Correspondence: (P.X.); (D.Y.)
| | - Diqiu Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (Z.P.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Correspondence: (P.X.); (D.Y.)
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19
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Lee JM, Jang WJ, Park SH, Kong IS. Antioxidant and gastrointestinal cytoprotective effect of edible polypeptide poly-γ-glutamic acid. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:616-624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Chen X, Li L, Yang F, Wu J, Wang S. Effects of gelatin-based antifreeze peptides on cell viability and oxidant stress of Streptococcus thermophilus during cold stage. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 136:111056. [PMID: 31846719 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cold stage adversely affects cell proliferation and cell viability of probiotics such as Streptococcus thermophilus in food industry, new type of cryoprotectants continues to be needed. Gelatin-based antifreeze peptide becomes a popular topic because of its cryoprotective effects on cold-stressed probiotics. In this study the effects of tilapia scales antifreeze peptides (TSAPP) on cell viability and oxidant stress of S. thermophilus during cold stage were investigated. The results showed that the percentage of viable cells was increased 10.85 folds compared with control groups. Addition of TSAPP activated the activities of ATPases, relieved the hyperpolarization of cell membrane potential and regulated the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Furthermore, TSAPP significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species level and malonaldehyde content in cells. Under cryopreservation with TSAPP, cells of S. thermophilus maintained higher activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity. These findings indicate that TSAPP likely offered its cellular protection by maintaining membrane integrity and alleviation of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Yango University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350015, China
| | - Fujia Yang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Jinhong Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
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21
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Sun L, Lei P, Wang Q, Ma J, Zhan Y, Jiang K, Xu Z, Xu H. The Endophyte Pantoea alhagi NX-11 Alleviates Salt Stress Damage to Rice Seedlings by Secreting Exopolysaccharides. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3112. [PMID: 32038554 PMCID: PMC6987256 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytes have the potential to enhance the ability of plants to resist salt stress, improving crop development and yield. Therefore, in this study, we isolated an endophyte that produced large amounts of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from the roots of sea rice and examined its effects on the physiological responses of rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica "Nipponbare") seedlings to salt stress using hydroponic experiments. The endophyte was named Pantoea alhagi NX-11 based on its morphological characteristics and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence alignment. Rice seedlings that had been inoculated with P. alhagi NX-11 exhibited a 30.3% increase in fresh weight, a 28.6% increase in root length, a 51.6% increase in shoot length, and a 26.3% increase in chlorophyll content compared with control seedlings under normal conditions. In addition, inoculated rice seedlings had a 37.5% lower malondialdehyde content, a 133% higher K+/Na+ ratio, and a 52.8% higher proline content after 7 days under salt stress, as well as up-regulated expression of proline synthase, down-regulated expression of proline dehydrogenase, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. Interestingly, rice seedlings that were inoculated with an EPS-deficient strain named NX-11eps- that was obtained by atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis were damaged by salt stress and had similar physiological and biochemical indicators to the control group. Therefore, we speculate that the ability of P. alhagi NX-11 to enhance the salt tolerance of rice seedlings is related to the EPSs it produces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, China Co-op, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijing Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Shineking Biotech Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Kang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zongqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
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Poly-γ-glutamic acid induces system tolerance to drought stress by promoting abscisic acid accumulation in Brassica napus L. Sci Rep 2020; 10:252. [PMID: 31937837 PMCID: PMC6959327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As a new plant biostimulant, poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) may be an effective anti-drought agent that can efficiently alleviate the damage to plants under drought stress. In this study, the effects of γ-PGA on the physiological responses of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) seedlings under drought stress were investigated using hydroponics. Growth and development of the rape seedlings were significantly inhibited in a polyethylene glycol-simulated drought environment. However, 12 d after application of γ-PGA under drought stress, the fresh weight, chlorophyll content, and relative water content of rape seedlings all markedly increased. Moreover, proline content and antioxidant enzyme activity were all markedly enhanced, and the malondialdehyde content was significantly reduced in rape seedlings treated with γ-PGA. Furthermore, the content of the important anti-drought response hormone, abscisic acid (ABA), as well as the expression levels of the ABA metabolism regulation genes BnNCED3, BnZEP, and BnAAO4, significantly increased. These results indicate that γ-PGA may induce elements of a tolerance system to drought stress by promoting ABA accumulation in B. Napus.
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23
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Improving poly-(γ-glutamic acid) production from a glutamic acid-independent strain from inulin substrate by consolidated bioprocessing. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:1711-1720. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02167-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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24
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Qiu Y, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Sha Y, Xu Z, Li S, Feng X, Xu H. Characterization of a Regulator pgsR on Endogenous Plasmid p2Sip and Its Complementation for Poly(γ-glutamic acid) Accumulation in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:3711-3722. [PMID: 30866628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NX-2S154 is a promising poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) producing strain discovered in previous studies. However, the wild-type strain contains an unknown endogenous plasmid, p2Sip, which causes low transformation efficiency and instability of exogenous plasmids. In our study, p2Sip is 5622 bp with 41% G+C content and contains four putative open reading frames (ORFs), including genes repB, hsp, and mobB and γ-PGA-synthesis regulator, pgsR. Elimination of p2Sip from strain NX-2S154 delayed γ-PGA secretion and decreased production of γ-PGA by 18.1%. Integration of a pgsR expression element into the genomic BamHI locus using marker-free manipulation based on pheS* increased the γ-PGA titer by 8%. pgsR overexpression upregulated the expression of γ-PGA synthase pgsB, regulator degQ, and glutamic acid synthase gltA, thus increasing the γ-PGA production in B. amyloliquefaciens NB. Our results indicated that pgsR from p2Sip plays an important regulatory role in γ-PGA synthesis in B. amyloliquefaciens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Yatao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Yuanyuan Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Zongqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Xiaohai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
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Chen X, Wu J, Li L, Wang S. Cryoprotective Activity and Action Mechanism of Antifreeze Peptides Obtained from Tilapia Scales on Streptococcus thermophilus during Cold Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1918-1926. [PMID: 30689371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress adversely affects cell viability and acidification, and new cryoprotective methods continue to be needed in cold-chain food industry. Given this, we investigated the cryoprotective effects and action mechanism of antifreeze peptides obtained from tilapia scales (TSAPP) on Streptococcus thermophilus during cold stress. Our results showed that the molecular weight of TSAPP ranged from 180 to 2000 Da and its thermal hysteresis activity was 0.29 °C. Growth of S. thermophilus was improved after treatment with TSAPP (1 mg/mL) under cold stress. This growth was notable when compared with the effects of other cryoprotectants. Furthermore, TSAPP improved the metabolic activity of S. thermophilus during cold stress. TSAPP likely offered its cellular protection by maintaining cell membrane fluidity through hydrogen bonding of the phospholipid bilayer. These results indicate that TSAPP has potential as a novel biological peptide material with cryoprotective activity for future use in probiotic or other processed food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinhong Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
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Sha Y, Zhang Y, Qiu Y, Xu Z, Li S, Feng X, Wang M, Xu H. Efficient Biosynthesis of Low-Molecular-Weight Poly-γ-glutamic Acid by Stable Overexpression of PgdS Hydrolase in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NB. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:282-290. [PMID: 30543111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight poly-γ-glutamic acid (LMW-γ-PGA) has attracted much attention owing to its great potential in food, agriculture, medicine, and cosmetics. Current methods of LMW-γ-PGA production, including enzymatic hydrolysis, are associated with low operational stability. Here, an efficient method for stable biosynthesis of LMW-γ-PGA was conceived by overexpression of γ-PGA hydrolase in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NB. To establish stable expression of γ-PGA hydrolase (PgdS) during fermentation, a novel plasmid pNX01 was constructed with a native replicon from endogenous plasmid p2Sip, showing a loss rate of 4% after 100 consecutive passages. Subsequently, this plasmid was applied in a screen of high activity PgdS hydrolase, leading to substantial improvements to γ-PGA titer with concomitant decrease in the molecular weight. Finally, a satisfactory yield of 17.62 ± 0.38 g/L LMW-γ-PGA with a weight-average molecular weight of 20-30 kDa was achieved by direct fermentation of Jerusalem artichoke tuber extract. Our study presents a potential method for commercial production of LMW-γ-PGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Yatao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Yibin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Zongqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Xiaohai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Mingxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering , Nanjing 211816 , China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
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27
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Eymard-Vernain E, Coute Y, Adrait A, Rabilloud T, Sarret G, Lelong C. The poly-gamma-glutamate of Bacillus subtilis interacts specifically with silver nanoparticles. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197501. [PMID: 29813090 PMCID: PMC5973573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years, silver nanoparticles, as with other antibacterial nanoparticles, have been extensively used in manufactured products. However, their fate in the environment is unclear and raises questions. We studied the fate of silver nanoparticles in the presence of bacteria under growth conditions that are similar to those found naturally in the environment (that is, bacteria in a stationary phase with low nutrient concentrations). We demonstrated that the viability and the metabolism of a gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, exposed during the stationary phase is unaffected by 1 mg/L of silver nanoparticles. These results can be partly explained by a physical interaction of the poly-gamma-glutamate (PGA) secreted by Bacillus subtilis with the silver nanoparticles. The coating of the silver nanoparticles by the secreted PGA likely results in a loss of the bioavailability of nanoparticles and, consequently, a decrease of their biocidal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Eymard-Vernain
- BIG, LCBM, ProMD, UMR CNRS-CEA-UGA, Grenoble, France
- ISTerre, CNRS-UGA, Grenoble, France
| | - Yohann Coute
- BIG, BGE, EDyP, INSERM-CEA-UGA, Grenoble, France
| | - Annie Adrait
- BIG, BGE, EDyP, INSERM-CEA-UGA, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Cécile Lelong
- BIG, LCBM, ProMD, UMR CNRS-CEA-UGA, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail:
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Mógor ÁF, de Oliveira Amatussi J, Mógor G, Bocchetti de Lara G. Bioactivity of Cyanobacterial Biomass Related to Amino Acids Induces Growth and Metabolic Changes on Seedlings and Yield Gains of Organic Red Beet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2018.95074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Xu Z, Lei P, Pang X, Li H, Feng X, Xu H. Exogenous application of poly-γ-glutamic acid enhances stress defense in Brassica napus L. seedlings by inducing cross-talks between Ca 2+, H 2O 2, brassinolide, and jasmonic acid in leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:460-470. [PMID: 28743039 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a microbe-secreted isopeptide shown to promote growth and enhance crop stress tolerance. However, its downstream signaling pathways are unknown. Here, we studied γ-PGA-induced tolerance to salt and cold stresses. Pretreatment with γ-PGA contributed to enhance stress tolerance of canola seedlings by promoting proline accumulation and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) improvement. Further, Ca2+, H2O2, brassinolide, and jasmonic acid were found to be involved in the γ-PGA-induced process. First, using signal blockers, we concluded that γ-PGA activated Ca2+ fluctuations in canola seedling leaves. Second, the activated Ca2+ further elicited H2O2 production by Ca2+-binding proteins CBL9, CPK4, and CPK5. Third, the H2O2 signal promoted brassinolide and jasmonic acid biosynthesis by upregulating key genes (DWF4 and LOX2, respectively) for synthesizing these compounds. Lastly, brassinolide and jasmonic acid increased H2O2 which promoted proline accumulation and T-AOC improvement and further enhanced Ca2+-binding proteins including CaM, CBL10, and CPK9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongqi Xu
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| | - Peng Lei
- Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiao Pang
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Huashan Li
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Xiaohai Feng
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Hong Xu
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
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Guo Z, Yang N, Zhu C, Gan L. Exogenously applied poly-γ-glutamic acid alleviates salt stress in wheat seedlings by modulating ion balance and the antioxidant system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:6592-6598. [PMID: 28078521 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a main abiotic stress that limits agricultural productivity in many parts of the world. To investigate whether poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) can alleviate the negative effects of salt stress on wheat, a foliar application of 400 mg/L γ-PGA was applied to wheat seedlings, which were then subjected to 150 mM NaCl. Our results showed that after application of γ-PGA, the plant height, the plant weight, and the antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase were significantly increased compared with the treatment of 150 mM NaCl alone. Meanwhile, γ-PGA application also resulted in high accumulation of K+ and decreased storage of Na+ in wheat leaves. These results suggest that γ-PGA treatment may improve salt tolerance of wheat by diminishing ionic imbalances and enhancing antioxidant capacity. Our results indicate that exogenous γ-PGA could alleviate the damage caused by salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfei Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Na Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Changhua Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lijun Gan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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The microbe-secreted isopeptide poly-γ-glutamic acid induces stress tolerance in Brassica napus L. seedlings by activating crosstalk between H 2O 2 and Ca 2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41618. [PMID: 28198821 PMCID: PMC5304171 DOI: 10.1038/srep41618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a microbe-secreted isopeptide that has been shown to promote growth and enhance stress tolerance in crops. However, its site of action and downstream signaling pathways are still unknown. In this study, we investigated γ-PGA-induced tolerance to salt and cold stresses in Brassica napus L. seedlings. Fluorescent labeling of γ-PGA was used to locate the site of its activity in root protoplasts. The relationship between γ-PGA-induced stress tolerance and two signal molecules, H2O2 and Ca2+, as well as the γ-PGA-elicited signaling pathway at the whole plant level, were explored. Fluorescent labeling showed that γ-PGA did not enter the cytoplasm but instead attached to the surface of root protoplasm. Here, it triggered a burst of H2O2 in roots by enhancing the transcription of RbohD and RbohF, and the elicited H2O2 further activated an influx of Ca2+ into root cells. Ca2+ signaling was transmitted via the stem from roots to leaves, where it elicited a fresh burst of H2O2, thus promoting plant growth and enhancing stress tolerance. On the basis of these observation, we propose that γ-PGA mediates stress tolerance in Brassica napus seedlings by activating an H2O2 burst and subsequent crosstalk between H2O2 and Ca2+ signaling.
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Xu Z, Lei P, Feng X, Li S, Xu H. Analysis of the Metabolic Pathways Affected by Poly(γ-glutamic Acid) in Arabidopsis thaliana Based on GeneChip Microarray. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6257-6266. [PMID: 27465513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth is promoted by poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA). However, the molecular mechanism underlying such promotion is not yet well understood. Therefore, we used GeneChip microarrays to explore the effects of γ-PGA on gene transcription in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our results revealed 299 genes significantly regulated by γ-PGA. These differently expressed genes participate mainly in metabolic and cellular processes and in stimuli responses. The metabolic pathways linked to these differently expressed genes were also investigated. A total of 64 of the 299 differently expressed genes were shown to be directly involved in 24 pathways such as brassinosteroid biosynthesis, α-linolenic acid metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and nitrogen metabolism, all of which were influenced by γ-PGA. The analysis demonstrated that γ-PGA promoted nitrogen assimilation and biosynthesis of brassinosteroids, jasmonic acid, and lignins, providing a better explanation for why γ-PGA promotes growth and enhances stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
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