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Bhutia GT, De AK, Bhowmik M, Bera T. Shellac and locust bean gum coacervated curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate nanoparticle ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in a streptozotocin-induced mouse model. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132369. [PMID: 38750846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate have the disadvantage of low aqueous solubility and first-pass metabolism, resulting in limited bioavailability. This work aimed to enhance oral bioavailability by forming gastric pH-stable shellac nanoparticles containing curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate using locust bean gum by anti-solvent precipitation (CESL-NP). The nanoparticles were characterized by their particle size, morphology, zeta potential, gastric pH stability, release profile, drug loading, and entrapment efficiency. The findings showed that a network of hydrolyzed shellac, locust bean gum, curcumin, and epigallocatechin gallate successfully entrapped individual particles inside a complex system. The morphological investigation of the CESL-NP formulation using FESEM, TEM, and AFM revealed the presence of spherical particles. FTIR, DSC, and XRD analysis revealed that curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate were amorphous due to their bond interactions with the matrix. Streptozotocin-treated mice, upon treatment with CESL-NP, showed kidney and pancreatic improvements with normalized kidney hypertrophy index and histopathology, maintained biochemical parameters, increased beta cell count, and a 38.68-fold higher blood glucose level inhibition were observed when compared to free-(CUR + EGCG). This research affirms that the shellac-locust bean gum complex shows potential for the sustained oral delivery of curcumin and epigallocatechin gallate, specifically for treating diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyamcho Tshering Bhutia
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Division of Pharmaceutical Biotech., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Asit Kumar De
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Manas Bhowmik
- Pharmaceutics Research laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Tanmoy Bera
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Division of Pharmaceutical Biotech., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India.
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Xu Y, Xu C, Huang J, Xu C, Xiong Y. Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates diabetic nephropathy by reducing apoptosis and enhancing autophagy through activation of Sirt1/FoxO1 pathway. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04038-0. [PMID: 38653852 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in diabetic patients. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is a natural active ingredient in Astragalus membranaceus with anti-hypertensive and anti-oxidative properties. This study aimed to explore the protective roles of APS and its underlying mechanisms in DN. METHODS After the establishment of a rat model of DN by a high-fat diet and treatment with 30 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ), the effects of 100 mg/kg APS on the levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, blood glucose, and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio were measured. Histopathological alterations in renal tissues, renal cell apoptosis, renal inflammation, and oxidative stress were examined. The impacts of 0-200 μg/mL APS on the viability and apoptosis in high glucose (HG)-stimulated podocytes were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression of genes was tested by immunoblotting, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS APS enhanced the expression of podocin and nephrin, increased viability, and reduced apoptosis in HG-induced podocytes. APS treatment abrogated high glucose-mediate suppression of autophagy in podocytes by activating the Sirt1/FoxO1 pathway. The Sirt1 inhibitor EX-527 eliminated the ameliorative effects of APS on renal dysfunction and renal tissue damage, as well as the inhibitory effects of APS on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in DN rats. Moreover, EX-527 inhibited APS-induced autophagy activation in DN rats. CONCLUSION APS mitigated DN under hyperglycemic conditions by activating the Sirt1/FoxO1 autophagy pathway, suggesting that APS is a promising agent for DN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, 473 Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, 473 Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, 473 Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chuanwen Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, 473 Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, 473 Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Ye J, Ma J, Rozi P, Kong L, Zhou J, Luo Y, Yang H. The polysaccharides from seeds of Glycyrrhiza uralensis ameliorate metabolic disorders and restructure gut microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130622. [PMID: 38447833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
T2D and its complications are significant threats to human health and are among the most concerning metabolic diseases worldwide. Previous studies have revealed that Glycyrrhiza uralensis polysaccharide extract (GUP) exhibits remarkable antioxidant capabilities and inhibits alpha-glucosidase activity. However, whether GUP improves glycemic control in T2D is unknown. This study aims to investigate the effects of GUP on glucose and lipid metabolism as well as the intestinal microbiota in HFD/STZ-induced T2D. The results demonstrated that GUP could significantly ameliorate hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and reduce liver lipid levels in T2D mice. Furthermore, it also enhanced the integrity of the intestinal barrier in T2D mice by reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum LPS levels. Interestingly, GUP treatment significantly lowered serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, mitigating renal function deterioration and interstitial fibrosis. Additionally, GUP intervention increased the α diversity of gut microbiota, promoting beneficial species like Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, Romboutsia and Faecalibaculum, while decreasing harmful ones such as Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 in T2D mice. Overall, this study highlights the potential of GUP in alleviating complications and enhancing intestinal health in T2D mice, providing valuable insights into dietary strategies for diabetes control and overall health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Parhat Rozi
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Lingming Kong
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhou
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Yane Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
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Liao W, Cao X, Xia H, Wang S, Chen L, Sun G. Pea protein hydrolysate reduces blood glucose in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1298046. [PMID: 38156281 PMCID: PMC10754521 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1298046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Food proteins have been recognized as an ideal source to release bioactive peptides with the potential to intervene nutrition related chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity and diabetes. Our previous studies showed that pea protein hydrolysate (PPH) could suppress hepatic glucose production in hepatic cells via inhibiting the gluconeogenic signaling. Thus, we hypothesized that PPH could play the hypoglycemic role in vivo. Methods In the present study, the mice model with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) was developed by high-fat diet and low dose of streptozotocin injections. PPH was administered orally with a dosage of 1000 mg/kg body weight for 9 weeks, followed by the downstream biomedical analyses. Results The results showed that the 9-week treatment of PPH could reduce fasting blood glucose by 29.6% and improve glucose tolerance in the T2DM mice. The associated mechanisms included suppression of the gluconeogenic pathway, activation of the insulin signaling and modulation of the renin angiotensin system in the liver of the diabetic mice. In addition, the levels of pro-inflammatory markers in both liver and serum were reduced by the PPH treatment. Conclusion The hypoglycemic effect of PPH in T2DM mice was demonstrated in the present study. Findings from this study could provide rationale to incorporate PPH into functional foods or nutraceuticals for glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaokang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Public Service Platform of South China Sea for R&D Marine Biomedicine Resources, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guiju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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The Protective Effect of Theaflavins on the Kidney of Mice with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010201. [PMID: 36615858 PMCID: PMC9824224 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy, primarily caused by advanced glycation end products (AGEs), is a serious complication resulting from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Reportedly, theaflavins (TFs) can improve diabetic nephropathy; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully clear. In this study, T2DM mice were treated with different concentrations of TFs by gavage for 10 weeks to investigate the effect of TFs on diabetic nephropathy and their potential molecular mechanism of action. Biochemical and pathological analysis showed that the TFs effectively improved blood glucose, insulin resistance, kidney function, and other symptoms in diabetic mice. The mechanism studies indicated that TFs inhibited the formation of AGEs, thereby inhibiting the activation of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, our study suggested that TFs improved diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the formation of AGEs.
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Choi J, Song I, Lee S, You M, Kwon J. Protective Effects of Phosphatidylcholine against Hepatic and Renal Cell Injury from Advanced Glycation End Products. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58111519. [PMID: 36363476 PMCID: PMC9692888 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Receptors of the advanced glycation products (RAGE) are activated to promote cell death and contributes to chronic diseases such as diabetes and inflammation. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which interact with RAGE are complex compounds synthesized during diabetes development and are presumed to play a significant role in pathogenesis of diabetes. Phosphatidylcholine (PC), a polyunsaturated fatty acid found in egg yolk, mustard, and soybean, is thought to exert anti-inflammatory activity. We investigated the effects of PC on AGEs-induced hepatic and renal cell injury. Materials and Methods: In this study, we evaluated cytokine and NF-κB/MAPK signal pathway activity in AGEs induced human liver (HepG2) cells and human kidney (HK2) cells with and without PC treatment. Results: PC reduced RAGE expression and attenuated levels of inflammatory cytokines and NF-kB/MAPK signaling. Moreover, cells treated with PC exhibited a significant reduction in cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factor levels. Conclusions: These findings suggest that PC could be an effective functional material for hepatic and renal injury involving with oxidative stress caused by AGEs during diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Choi
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Inbong Song
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Myungjo You
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Jungkee Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-850-0951
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Ma Q, Zhai R, Xie X, Chen T, Zhang Z, Liu H, Nie C, Yuan X, Tu A, Tian B, Zhang M, Chen Z, Li J. Hypoglycemic Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice via Modulating Gut Microbiota. Front Nutr 2022; 9:916271. [PMID: 35845787 PMCID: PMC9280299 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.916271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) in alleviating type 2 diabetes through intestinal flora modulation. A high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) was applied to create a diabetic model. The results indicated that LBP effectively alleviated the symptoms of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance in diabetic mice. A high dosage of LBP exerted better hypoglycemic effects than low and medium dosages. In diabetic mice, LBP significantly boosted the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px and reduced inflammation. The analysis of 16S rDNA disclosed that LBP notably improved the composition of intestinal flora, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Intestinimonas, Mucispirillum, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-009 and decreasing the relative abundance of Allobaculum, Dubosiella, Romboutsia. LBP significantly improved the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in diabetic mice, which corresponded to the increase in the beneficial genus. According to Spearman’s correlation analysis, Cetobacterium, Streptococcus, Ralstonia. Cetobacterium, Ruminiclostridium, and Bifidobacterium correlated positively with insulin, whereas Cetobacterium, Millionella, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Streptococcus, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG_009 correlated negatively with HOMA-IR, HDL-C, ALT, AST, TC, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These findings suggested that the mentioned genus may be beneficial to diabetic mice’s hypoglycemia and hypolipidemia. The up-regulation of peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and insulin were remarkably reversed by LBP in diabetic mice. The real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis illustrated that LBP distinctly regulated the glucose metabolism of diabetic mice by activating the IRS/PI3K/Akt signal pathway. These results indicated that LBP effectively alleviated the hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia of diabetic mice by modulating intestinal flora.
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8
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Chen X, Sun L, Li D, Lai X, Wen S, Chen R, Zhang Z, Li Q, Sun S. Green tea peptides ameliorate diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:3258-3270. [PMID: 35234233 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03615g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most important cause of middle and late-stage chronic kidney disease. Green tea polypeptides are extracted from tea pomace, and exhibit various pharmacological effects. In this study, we analyzed the reno-protective effects of green tea peptides in diabetic db/db mice, and explored the underlying mechanisms. Peptide treatment for 5 weeks significantly reduced the blood glucose levels and other indices of diabetes, and alleviated renal injury measured in terms of blood creatinine, urea nitrogen and urinary albumin/urinary creatinine levels. Mechanistically, the green tea peptides downregulated p-Smad2/3, α-SMA, ZO-1 and vimentin proteins in the kidney tissues, and elevated Smad7. Thus, green tea peptides inhibited the deposition of ECM proteins by suppressing excessive activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and reducing fibronectin levels. On the other hand, tea peptides ameliorated renal injury by inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors (iNOS and TNF-α) by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, we confirmed the inhibitory effect of green tea peptides on the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in TGF-β1-stimulated HK-2 cells. Therefore, tea peptides can be considered as an effective candidate for alleviating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Lingli Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China. .,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Xingfei Lai
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Shuai Wen
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ruohong Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhenbiao Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qiuhua Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Shili Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Ceramide-1-Phosphate as a Potential Regulator of the Second Sodium Pump from Kidney Proximal Tubules by Triggering Distinct Protein Kinase Pathways in a Hierarchic Way. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:998-1011. [PMID: 35723289 PMCID: PMC8947104 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney proximal tubules are a key segment in the reabsorption of solutes and water from the glomerular ultrafiltrate, an essential process for maintaining homeostasis in body fluid compartments. The abundant content of Na+ in the extracellular fluid determines its importance in the regulation of extracellular fluid volume, which is particularly important for different physiological processes including blood pressure control. Basolateral membranes of proximal tubule cells have the classic Na+ + K+-ATPase and the ouabain-insensitive, K+-insensitive, and furosemide-sensitive Na+-ATPase, which participate in the active Na+ reabsorption. Here, we show that nanomolar concentrations of ceramide-1 phosphate (C1P), a bioactive sphingolipid derived in biological membranes from different metabolic pathways, promotes a strong inhibitory effect on the Na+-ATPase activity (C1P50 ≈ 10 nM), leading to a 72% inhibition of the second sodium pump in the basolateral membranes. Ceramide-1-phosphate directly modulates protein kinase A and protein kinase C, which are known to be involved in the modulation of ion transporters including the renal Na+-ATPase. Conversely, we did not observe any effect on the Na+ + K+-ATPase even at a broad C1P concentration range. The significant effect of ceramide-1-phosphate revealed a new potent physiological and pathophysiological modulator for the Na+-ATPase, participating in the regulatory network involving glycero- and sphingolipids present in the basolateral membranes of kidney tubule cells.
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Wan F, Ma F, Wu J, Qiao X, Chen M, Li W, Ma L. Effect of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide on Decreasing Serum Amyloid A3 Expression through Inhibiting NF- κB Activation in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Nephropathy. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:7847135. [PMID: 35132370 PMCID: PMC8817866 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7847135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) as one of the main bioactive constituents of the fruit of Lycium barbarum L. (LBL.) has many pharmacological activities, but its antihyperglycemic activity is not fully understood yet. This study investigated the hypoglycemic and renal protective effects of LBP on high-fat diet/streptozotocin- (HFD/STZ-) induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in mice. Blood glucose was assessed before and after 8-week administration of LBP, and the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index was calculated for evaluating the antidiabetic effect of LBP. Additionally, serum creatinine (sCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urine microalbumin were tested to evaluate the renal function. HE and PAS stainings were performed to evaluate the morphology and injury of the kidney. The results showed that LBP significantly reduces the glucose level and ameliorates the insulin resistance of diabetic mice. Importantly, LBP improves renal function by lowering the levels of sCr, BUN, and microalbumin in diabetic mice and relieves the injury in the renal glomeruli and tubules of the DN mice. Furthermore, LBP attenuates renal inflammation as evidenced by downregulating the mRNA levels of TNFα, IL1 β, IL6, and SAA3 in the renal cortex, as well as reducing the elevated circulating level and protein depositions of SAA3 in the kidney. In addition, our western blot results showed that NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and the degradation of inhibitory κB-α (IκBα) occurred during the progress of inflammation, and such activated signaling was restrained by LBP. In conclusion, our findings suggest that LBP is a potential antidiabetic agent, which ameliorates the inflammation in DN through inhibiting NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Wan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Fulin Ma
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, No. 99 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinyu Qiao
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Minxue Chen
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Wenjian Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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Tang D, He WJ, Zhang ZT, Shi JJ, Wang X, Gu WT, Chen ZQ, Xu YH, Chen YB, Wang SM. Protective effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction on diabetic nephropathy through regulating AGEs/RAGE/Akt/Nrf2 pathway and metabolic profiling in db/db mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153777. [PMID: 34815154 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe diabetic complication that is the principal cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction (HLJDD) is widely used to treat diabetes clinically. However, the nephroprotective effects and potential mechanism of action of HLJDD against DN have not yet been fully elucidated. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of HLJDD in DN and elucidate its mechanisms in db/db mice. METHODS An integrated strategy of network pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, molecular biology, and metabolomics was used to reveal the mechanisms of HLJDD in the treatment of DN. First, network pharmacology was utilized to predict the possible pathways for DN using the absorbed ingredients of HLJDD in rat plasma in silico. Then, combined with histopathological examination, biochemical evaluation immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence assay, western blot analysis, and UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS/MS-based metabolomics approach were applied to evaluate the efficacy of HLJDD against DN and its underlying mechanisms in vivo. RESULTS In silico, network pharmacology indicated that the AGEs/RAGE pathway was the most prominent pathway for HLJDD against DN. In vivo, HLJDD exerted protective effects against DN by ameliorating glycolipid metabolic disorders and kidney injury. Furthermore, we verified that HLJDD protected against DN by regulating the AGEs/RAGE/Akt/Nrf2 pathway for the first time. In addition, 22 potential biomarkers were identified in urine, including phenylalanine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, glucose metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that HLJDD ameliorates DN by regulating the AGEs/RAGE/Akt/Nrf2 pathway and metabolic profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Jiao He
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing-Jing Shi
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Ting Gu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Quan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - You-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yun-Bo Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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12
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Hou R, Zhou L, Fu Y, Wang T, Li Z, Zhou L, Zhang G, Tian X. Chemical characterization of two fractions from Sanghuangporus sanghuang and evaluation of antidiabetic activity. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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13
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Improvement of E Se tea extracts on renal mesangial cell apoptosis and high-fat-diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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14
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Shang A, Li J, Zhou DD, Gan RY, Li HB. Molecular mechanisms underlying health benefits of tea compounds. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:181-200. [PMID: 34118386 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tea is one of the three most widely consumed beverages in the world, not only because of its unique flavor but also due to its various health benefits. The bioactive components in tea, such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, polypeptides, pigments, and alkaloids, are the main contributors to its health functions. Based on epidemiological surveys, the consumption of tea and its compounds in daily life has positive effects on cardiovascular diseases, cancers, hepatopathy, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. In experimental studies, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-obesity, cardiovascular protective, liver protective, and hypoglycemic activities of tea and the related mechanisms of action have been widely investigated. The regulation of several classical signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), and wingless/integrated (Wnt) signaling, is involved. Clinical trials have also demonstrated the potential of tea products to be applied as dietary supplements and natural medicines. In this paper, we reviewed and discussed the recent literature on the health benefits of tea and its compounds, and specifically explored the molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jiahui Li
- School of Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Dan-Dan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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15
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Zhou X, Shang GS, Tan Q, He Q, Tan X, Park KY, Zhao X. Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum TKSN041 on improving streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in rats. Food Funct 2021; 12:7938-7953. [PMID: 34251007 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01571k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes, it is imperative to identify how to effectively prevent or treat this disease. Studies have shown that some lactic acid bacteria can improve type 2 diabetes with almost no side effects. Therefore, in this experimental study, we explored the preventive and therapeutic effects of Lactobacillus fermentum TKSN041 (L. fermentum TKSN041) on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in rats. The results showed that L. fermentum TKSN041 could reduce the amount of water intake, reduce weight loss, and control the increase in the fasting blood glucose level of diabetic rats. The organ index and tissue section results showed that L. fermentum TKSN041 could reduce the damage caused by diabetes to the liver, kidney, spleen, pancreatic, and brain tissue. Furthermore, L. fermentum TKSN041 decreased the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glycated serum proteins (GSP), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and endothelin 1 (ET-1) in serum and increased the serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and interleukin 10 (IL-10). Finally, L. fermentum TKSN041 up-regulated the mRNA and protein expressions of NF-kappa-B inhibitor-α (IκB-α), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), liver kinase B1 (LKB1), and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and down-regulated those of nuclear factor-κBp65 (NFκB-p65) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Furthermore, LF-TKSN041 up-regulated the mRNA expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) and down-regulated neuropeptide Y (NPY), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBF-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These results suggest that L. fermentum TKSN041 may be a useful intervention factor for the prevention or treatment of type 2 diabetes induced by STZ. Clinical trials are needed to further demonstrate its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianrong Zhou
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, P.R. China.
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16
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Qi MY, He YH, Cheng Y, Fang Q, Ma RY, Zhou SJ, Hao JQ. Icariin ameliorates streptozocin-induced diabetic nephropathy through suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway. Food Funct 2021; 12:1241-1251. [PMID: 33433547 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02335c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the complex and severe complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Icariin (ICA) is a flavonoid extracted from the leaves and stems of Herba epimedii with a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anti-osteoporosis, anti-fibrosis, anti-aging, anti-inflammation and antioxidation. The purpose of our study was to explore the renal protective effect of ICA on DN in mice and its possible mechanisms. ICR mice were exposed to STZ-induced DN. The kidney organ coefficient of mice was computed. 24 h UP in urine was measured. Serum FBG, Cr and BUN were detected. The content of MDA and the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in renal tissues were tested. HE staining, PAS staining, PASM staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe renal pathological changes. Furthermore, TLR4, p-NF-κB p65, TNF-α and IL-6 of renal tissues were assayed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Our results indicated that ICA observably optimized the renal organ coefficient, reduced the level of 24 h UP in urine, decreased the content of Cr, BUN in serum and MDA in renal tissues, promoted the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in renal tissues, and ameliorated pathological lesions of kidneys noticeably. Besides, ICA inhibited the expressions of TLR4, p-NF-κB p65, TNF-α and IL-6 remarkably in renal tissues. ICA, which might lighten the renal inflammatory response by suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway, played a protective role in kidneys of STZ-induced DN mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-You Qi
- Institution of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
| | - Ying-Hao He
- Institution of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
| | - Yin Cheng
- Institution of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
| | - Qing Fang
- Institution of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
| | - Ru-Yu Ma
- Institution of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
| | - Shao-Jie Zhou
- Institution of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
| | - Jia-Qi Hao
- Institution of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
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17
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Xia X, Wang X, Wang H, Lin Z, Shao K, Xu J, Zhao Y. Ameliorative effect of white tea from 50-year-old tree of Camellia sinensis L. (Theaceae) on kidney damage in diabetic mice via SIRT1/AMPK pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 272:113919. [PMID: 33577915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic kidney damage (DKD) is one of the most common complications of diabetes, which is known as a chronic inflammatory kidney disease caused by persistent hyperglycemia. White tea was originally used as a folk medicine to treat measles in ancient China. What arouses our interest is that there is a traditional method to treat diabetes with white tea taken from over 30-year-old tree of Camellia sinensis L. However, there are few reports on the renal protection of white tea. AIM OF THE STUDY This present study was designed to study the potential protective effects of white tea (WT) and old tree white tea (OTWT) on high-fat-diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic mice to explore the possible mechanism of WT/OTWT against DKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: NC, T2D, WT (400 mg/kg·b.w, p.o.), OTWT (400 mg/kg·b.w, p.o.). Diabetes was established in all groups except NC group, by six weeks of HFD feeding combined with STZ (50 mg/kg, i.p.) for 3 times, treatments were administered for six weeks and then all the animals were decapitated; kidney tissues and blood samples were collected for the further analysis, including: levels of insulin, lipid metabolism (TG, TC, HDL, LDL, FFA), antioxidative enzymes (catalase (CAT), super oxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatine, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, iNOS, MCP-1), advanced glycation end products (AGE), receptor of AGE (RAGE), Nrf2, AMPK, SIRT1, and PGC-1α. H&E, PAS and Masson staining were performed to examine the histopathological alterations of the kidneys. RESULTS Our data showed that WT and OTWT reversed the abnormal serum lipids (TG, TC, HDL, LDL, FFA) in T2D mice, upregulated antioxidative enzymes levels (CAT, SOD, GPx) and inhibit the excessive production of proinflammatory mediators (including MCP-1, TNF-α, IL1β, COX-2 and iNOS) by varying degrees, and OTWT was more effective. In histopathology, OTWT could significantly alleviate the accumulation of renal AGE in T2D mice, thereby improving the structural changes of the kidneys, such as glomerular hypertrophy, glomerular basement membrane thickening and kidney FIbrosis. CONCLUSIONS Both WT and OTWT could alleviate the diabetic changes in T2D mice via hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, while OTWT was more evident. OTWT could prominently alleviate the accumulation of AGE in the kidneys of T2D mice, thereby ameliorating the renal oxidative stress and inflammatory damage, which was associated with the activation of SIRT1/AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Xia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, China; School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Xude Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Zhenchuan Lin
- Pinpin Tea Industry Co., Ltd., Fujian, 355200, China.
| | - Keping Shao
- Pinpin Tea Industry Co., Ltd., Fujian, 355200, China.
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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18
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Amri J, Alaee M, Latifi SA, Alimoradian A, Salehi M. Amelioration of STZ-induced nephropathy in diabetic rats by saffron hydro alcoholic extract. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2021; 42:411-418. [PMID: 34018383 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2021-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 1 diabetes is one of the most important causes of microvascular complications such as nephropathy. On other hand, the use of herbal medicines is more affordable and has fewer side effects. Therefore, this study was conducted to assessment the therapeutic effect of saffron in diabetic nephropathy by regulating the expression of CTGF and RAGE genes as well as oxidative stress in rats with type 1 diabetes. METHODS In this study, we used 24 Wistar rats in four groups. To induce diabetes, we used a 55 mg/kg.bw dose of streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Type 1 diabetic rats were administered saffron (20 and 40 mg/kg/day) by gavage once daily for 42 days. Finally, serum urea, creatinine, albumin and SOD, MDA levels in kidney tissue were measured using spectrophotometric methods and CTGF and RAGE gene expression in kidney tissue was measured using real-time PCR method. RESULTS Diabetes significantly increases serum FBG, urea, creatinine and decreases albumin (p<0.001). AS well as increased the CTGF and RAGE genes expression, MDA level and decreased the SOD activity in the kidney tissue (p<0.001). Serum urea, creatinine, albumin was significantly ameliorated by saffron (p<0.001). It was shown the saffron significantly decrease the kidney expression CTGF and RAGE genes and MDA level and increased the SOD activity (p<0.001). Also, it was found that the beneficial effects of the saffron were dose-dependent (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that saffron as an adjunct therapy may prevent development and treatment of diabetic nephropathy by regulating the expression of the CTGF and RAGE genes and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Amri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R, Iran
| | - Mona Alaee
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Seyed Amirhossein Latifi
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Abbas Alimoradian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mehdi Salehi
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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19
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Reda A, El-Safty SA, Selim MM, Shenashen MA. Optical glucose biosensor built-in disposable strips and wearable electronic devices. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 185:113237. [PMID: 33932881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
On-demand screening, real-time monitoring and rapid diagnosis of ubiquitous diseases, such as diabetes, at early stages are indispensable in personalised treatment. Emerging impacts of nano/microscale materials on optical and portable biosensor strips and devices have become increasingly important in the remarkable development of sensitive visualisation (i.e. visible inspection by the human eye) assays, low-cost analyses and personalised home testing of patients with diabetes. With the increasing public attention regarding the self-monitoring of diabetes, the development of visual readout, easy-to-use and wearable biosensors has gained considerable interest. Our comprehensive review bridges the practical assessment gap between optical bio-visualisation assays, disposable test strips, sensor array designs and full integration into flexible skin-based or contact lens devices with the on-site wireless signal transmission of glucose detection in physiological fluids. To date, the fully modulated integration of nano/microscale optical biosensors into wearable electronic devices, such as smartphones, is critical to prolong periods of indoor and outdoor clinical diagnostics. Focus should be given to the improvements of invasive, wireless and portable sensing technologies to improve the applicability and reliability of screen display, continuous monitoring, dynamic data visualisation, online acquisition and self and in-home healthcare management of patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Reda
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Sengen 1-2-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Sherif A El-Safty
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Sengen 1-2-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan.
| | - Mahmoud M Selim
- Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Shenashen
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Sengen 1-2-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
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20
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Song H, Shen X, Deng R, Zhang Y, Zheng X. Dietary anthocyanin-rich extract of açai protects from diet-induced obesity, liver steatosis, and insulin resistance with modulation of gut microbiota in mice. Nutrition 2021; 86:111176. [PMID: 33621858 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Açai is a rich source of anthocyanins and has been used as a dietary supplement and as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Growing evidence indicates that host-microbial interactions played a vital role in the host metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the anthocyanin-rich extract of açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit (AEA) regarding its antiobesity activity and gut microbiota-modulating effect. METHODS Thirty-six male SPF C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups and fed a low-fat diet, high-fat diet, or a high-fat diet supplemented with AEA for 14 wk. The antiobesity effect of AEA was evaluated, and the microbial changes were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the correlations between gut microbiota and obesity-related indicators. RESULTS The results showed that AEA treatment alleviated HFD-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance. Moreover, AEA supplement changed the structure of the gut microbiota, and significantly enriched Akkermansia muciniphila, which was negatively correlated with the physical biomarkers (e.g., serum glucose, insulin, and triacylglycerols) and the genes involved in lipid metabolism. CONCLUSION AEA alleviated high-fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. The microbial changes may be one of the potential mechanisms for AEA in improving obesity and obesity-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Rou Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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21
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Meng F, Sun Q, Zhou D, Li Q, Han J, Liu D, Yang J. Inhibition of Aurora-A improves insulin resistance by ameliorating islet inflammation and controlling interleukin-6 in a diabetic mouse model. Adipocyte 2020; 9:609-619. [PMID: 33043822 PMCID: PMC7553512 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2020.1829851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora-A kinase, a serine/threonine mitotic kinase, is reportedly upregulated in skin tissues of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus , although its function in diabetes is unclear. C57BL/6 J mice were utilized to establish a type 2 diabetic model and explore the functions of Aurora-A in diabetes. Aurora-A was highly expressed in the pancreas of the diabetic mice as confirmed by western blot. Inhibition of Aurora-A did not affect fasting blood glucose and body weight, but did improve insulin resistance, as indicated by improved oral glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, and the Homoeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance index. Blockade of Aurora-A dramatically decreased the number of infiltrating macrophages in the pancreas in parallel with decreases in the levels of serum insulin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA. The levels of phosphorylated forms of protein kinase B, which are the key mediators of in insulin resistance, were not induced in liver, adipocyte tissues, and skeletal muscle by alisertib treatment. Our findings indicate that suppression of Aurora-A could at least partially enhance insulin sensitivity by decreasing the number of infiltrating macrophages and IL-6 level in a type 2 diabetic mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fandong Meng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Qiangwei Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Jing Han
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Deshan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University
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22
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RAGE Signaling in Melanoma Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238989. [PMID: 33256110 PMCID: PMC7730603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent progresses in its treatment, malignant cutaneous melanoma remains a cancer with very poor prognosis. Emerging evidences suggest that the receptor for advance glycation end products (RAGE) plays a key role in melanoma progression through its activation in both cancer and stromal cells. In tumors, RAGE activation is fueled by numerous ligands, S100B and HMGB1 being the most notable, but the role of many other ligands is not well understood and should not be underappreciated. Here, we provide a review of the current role of RAGE in melanoma and conclude that targeting RAGE in melanoma could be an approach to improve the outcomes of melanoma patients.
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23
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Nie Y, Fu C, Zhang H, Zhang M, Xie H, Tong X, Li Y, Hou Z, Fan X, Yan M. Celastrol slows the progression of early diabetic nephropathy in rats via the PI3K/AKT pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:321. [PMID: 33097050 PMCID: PMC7583204 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy serves as one of the most regular microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and is the main factor that causes end-stage renal disease and incident mortality. As the beneficial effect and minute adverse influence of Celastrol on the renal system requires further elucidation, the renoprotective function of Celastrol in early diabetic nephropathy was investigated. Methods In high-fat and high-glucose diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats which is the early diabetic nephropathy model, ALT, AST, 24 h urinary protein, blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine content were observed. Periodic acid-Schiff staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemical analysis, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis were used to explore the renoprotective effect of Celastrol to diabetic nephropathy rats and the underlying mechanism. Results High dose of Celastrol (1.5 mg/kg/d) not only improved the kidney function of diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats, and decreased the blood glucose and 24 h urinary albumin, but also increased the expression of LC3II and nephrin, and downregulated the expression of PI3K, p-AKT, and the mRNA level of NF-κB and mTOR. Conclusion Celastrol functions as a potential therapeutic substance, acting via the PI3K/AKT pathway to attenuate renal injury, inhibit glomerular basement membrane thickening, and achieve podocyte homeostasis in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusong Nie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengxiao Fu
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,First clinical medical college, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaopei Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenyan Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Xinrong Fan
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China. .,First clinical medical college, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China. .,Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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24
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Geniposide alleviates diabetic nephropathy of mice through AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173449. [PMID: 32758570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Geniposide (GE) can effectively inhibit diabetic nephropathy (DN), but its mechanism is unclear. The objective of this study was to explore the antidiabetic nephropathy effects of GE both in high fat diet/streptozotocin-induced DN mice and in high glucose-induced podocyte model. Renal function in DN mice was evaluated by levels of serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Renal inflammation was appraised by pro-inflammatory cytokines: Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1β via ELISA assay. Renal histopathology analysis was conducted via hematoxylin and eosin, Masson and periodic acid-silver metheramine staining. Cellular viability was measured by Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay. Moreover, the related proteins p-NF-κB, ASC, Cleave-IL-1β, NLRP3, Cleave-Caspase-1 and GSDMD-N in AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway were assayed by Western blotting. In order to further investigate the effects of GE on podocytes, we also assessed these protein levels in AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway after siRNA-AMPK intervention by Western blotting. GE alleviated renal dysfunction as evidenced by decreased levels of Scr, BUN, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Histological examination revealed GE effectively attenuated kidney damage, including glomerular basement membrane thickening and inflammatory cells infiltration. AMPK, p-AMPK and SIRT1 levels were obviously decreased both in DN mice and in podocyte model, but GE reversed these changes. The protein expressions in APMK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway were significantly decreased by GE treatment. These results suggested that GE could efficiently block oxidative stress and inflammatory responses accompanied with pyroptosis, thus inhibiting the development of DN, and its mechanism might be related to APMK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway.
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Jia RB, Li ZR, Wu J, Ou ZR, Sun B, Lin L, Zhao M. Antidiabetic effects and underlying mechanisms of anti-digestive dietary polysaccharides from Sargassum fusiforme in rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:7023-7036. [PMID: 32716443 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01166e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides (SFP), an anti-digestive biologically active ingredient obtained from Sargassum fusiforme by ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction, have been proven to exhibit extremely strong alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In the current research, the potential anti-diabetic effects and molecular mechanisms of SFP were investigated by classic biochemical analysis, high-throughput sequencing and molecular biology techniques in type 2 diabetic rats. The analysis of typical diabetic symptoms and serum profiles showed that oral administration of SFP could mitigate hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. SFP also promoted glycogen synthesis in the liver and skeletal muscles. H&E staining observation confirmed that SFP intervention could partially repair liver and muscle injuries caused by diabetes. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis indicated that SFP treatment could distinctly restore the beneficial composition of gut flora in diabetic rats. Furthermore, RT-qPCR analysis revealed that anti-diabetic effects of SFP may be closely related to accelerating the absorption and utilization of blood glucose in the liver and muscle and inhibiting hepatic glucose production. In short, this study demonstrated that SFP could be developed as functional foods or pharmaceutical supplements for the prevention or mitigation of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Bo Jia
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Study on the inhibitive effect of Catalpol on diabetic nephropathy. Life Sci 2020; 257:118120. [PMID: 32693244 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Catalpol (Cat) can ameliorate oxide stress and inflammation caused by diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the molecular mechanisms are unclear. This study was designed to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of Cat and its potential mechanism. MAIN METHODS We constructed high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced DN mice and high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte model. The hypoglycemic effect of Cat was analyzed by general features of DN mice. Kidney function was detected via ELISA assay and Western blotting. Renal histopathology analysis was conducted via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson and periodic acid-silver metheramine (PASM) staining. Cellular viability was measured by TUNEL assay. In order to further study the potential mechanisms of Cat, various proteins in AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway were detected in DN mice and podocytes with siRNA-AMPK intervention using Western blotting, respectively. KEY FINDINGS We found hyperglycemia, renal structural and function abnormalities, and increased renal inflammation in DN mice. However, Cat effectively attenuated kidney damage caused by inflammation and increased AMPK, p-AMPK and SIRT1 levels. After AMPK-siRNA transfected into HG-induced podocyte model, AMPK, p-AMPK and SIRT1 levels were obviously decreased, while Cat reversed these chandes. The levels of p-NF-κB, ASC, Cleaved IL-1β, NLRP3, Cleaved caspase1 and GSDMD-N significantly decreased by Cat treatment both in DN mice and podocyte model, which indicated that Cat could activate AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Cat could effectively inhibit oxide stress and inflammation accompanied with pyroptosis and its mechanism might be related to AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway, indicating that Cat possessed potential value in the treatment of DN.
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Jin L, Zheng D, Yang G, Li W, Yang H, Jiang Q, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Xie X. Tilapia Skin Peptides Ameliorate Diabetic Nephropathy in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats and HG-Induced GMCs by Improving Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18070363. [PMID: 32679664 PMCID: PMC7401261 DOI: 10.3390/md18070363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in the kidneys of diabetic patients. Tilapia skin peptides (TSPs) are mixtures of small-molecular-weight peptides derived from tilapia skin. Rising evidence suggests that bioactive peptides from marine sources are beneficial for DN. This study aimed to investigate whether TSPs can alleviate the pathological progress in experimental DN by improving mitochondrial dysfunction through the activation of Bnip3/Nix signaling. In the current study, TSPs treatment alleviated the metabolic parameters and renal morphology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, TSPs treatment significantly activated Bnip3/Nix signaling and improved the mitochondrial morphology, reversed the over-production of mitochondrial superoxide and cellular reactive oxygen species and the decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby inhibiting the expressions of fibronectin, collagen IV and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 in glomerular mesangial cells induced by high glucose. Collectively, our results suggest that TSPs show the renoprotective effect on DN by improving mitochondrial dysfunction, and they can be a potential therapeutic strategy for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Dongxiao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Guanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Wei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (W.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Huan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (W.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Yongjun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (W.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yingxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Xi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-186-0895-8617
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Li J, Ling Y, Yin S, Yang S, Kong M, Li Z. Baicalin serves a protective role in diabetic nephropathy through preventing high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:367-374. [PMID: 32550886 PMCID: PMC7296293 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the late complications of diabetes, which seriously affects the lives of patients. Baicalin (BA) is a flavone glycoside that has been identified to improve renal function in patients with DN. The present study aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of BA in DN. For that purpose, podocytes were cultured for 48 h under conditions of high glucose (HG; 30 mM D-glucose) or normal glucose (NG; 5 mM D-glucose). Then, the cells were treated with different concentrations of BA (6.25, 12.5 and 25 µM) for 24 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using an MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Protein and mRNA expression levels were analyzed using western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, respectively. BA treatment was identified to promote the viability of podocytes and suppress cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the results in the NG group, HG stimulation significantly decreased the viability of podocytes and increased the apoptotic rate, whereas BA treatment following HG stimulation increased the viability of podocytes and decreased the apoptotic rate. Moreover, the effect of BA was revealed to be associated with the sirtuin 1/NF-κB signaling pathway in DN. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that BA treatment may significantly decrease HG-induced podocyte apoptosis, which indicated that BA might be a promising agent for DN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Ya Ling
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Taizhou, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Shufang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Min Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
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Liu C, Zhao S, Zhu C, Gao Q, Bai J, Si J, Chen Y. Ergosterol ameliorates renal inflammatory responses in mice model of diabetic nephropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110252. [PMID: 32446112 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ergosterol (ERG) was reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. Besides, ERG was found to attenuate kidney injury in the diabetic mouse. However, the protective effect of ERG in diabetic nephropathy-induced inflammation remains unclear. We aimed to study whether ERG could alleviate diabetic nephropathy-induced inflammation and explore the underlying mechanisms. The diabetic nephropathy mice model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg Streptozotocin (STZ). The inflammatory cytokines levels, and insulin concentration in the serum of both diabetic nephropathy patients and mouse model were determined by ELISA. mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Fasting blood glucose levels were detected using a commercial kit. Blood biochemistry levels were determined by an automatic analyzer. Mesangium proliferation was detected by PAS staining. It was found that serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 dramatically increased in the diabetic nephropathy patients. In mice, ERG treatment greatly decreased fasting blood glucose levels, inflammatory cytokine levels, and renal injury, while it enhanced the insulin level. Mechanically, ERG treatment dramatically decreased NF-κB signaling pathway. Our findings highlight the potential of ERG as an effective agent to treat diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Liu
- Cangzhou People's Hospital, No.7 Qingchi Avenue, Xinhua District, Cangzhou 061000 Hebei, China
| | - Shuling Zhao
- Cangzhou People's Hospital, No.7 Qingchi Avenue, Xinhua District, Cangzhou 061000 Hebei, China
| | - Chunjing Zhu
- Cangzhou People's Hospital, No.7 Qingchi Avenue, Xinhua District, Cangzhou 061000 Hebei, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Cangzhou People's Hospital, No.7 Qingchi Avenue, Xinhua District, Cangzhou 061000 Hebei, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Cangzhou People's Hospital, No.7 Qingchi Avenue, Xinhua District, Cangzhou 061000 Hebei, China
| | - Jie Si
- Cangzhou People's Hospital, No.7 Qingchi Avenue, Xinhua District, Cangzhou 061000 Hebei, China
| | - Yunxia Chen
- Cangzhou People's Hospital, No.7 Qingchi Avenue, Xinhua District, Cangzhou 061000 Hebei, China.
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The Pharmacological Activity of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze on Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders: A Systematic Review. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040603. [PMID: 32294991 PMCID: PMC7226397 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea made from Camellia sinensis leaves is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide. This systematic review aims to update Camellia sinensis pharmacological activity on metabolic and endocrine disorders. Inclusion criteria were preclinical and clinical studies of tea extracts and isolated compounds on osteoporosis, hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity written in English between 2014 and 2019 and published in Pubmed, Science Direct, and Scopus. From a total of 1384 studies, 80 reports met inclusion criteria. Most papers were published in 2015 (29.3%) and 2017 (20.6%), conducted in China (28.75%), US (12.5%), and South Korea (10%) and carried out with extracts (67.5%, especially green tea) and isolated compounds (41.25%, especially epigallocatechin gallate). Most pharmacological studies were in vitro and in vivo studies focused on diabetes and obesity. Clinical trials, although they have demonstrated promising results, are very limited. Future research should be aimed at providing more clinical evidence on less studied pathologies such as osteoporosis, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Given the close relationship among all endocrine disorders, it would be of interest to find a standard dose of tea or their bioactive constituents that would be beneficial for all of them.
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Alaee M, Akbari A, Karami H, Salemi Z, Amri J, Panahi M. Antidiabetic and protective effects of Scrophularia striata ethanolic extract on diabetic nephropathy via suppression of RAGE and S100A8 expression in kidney tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 31:/j/jbcpp.ahead-of-print/jbcpp-2019-0186/jbcpp-2019-0186.xml. [PMID: 31967963 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Background The present study was conducted to examine the antidiabetic effects of Scrophularia striata ethanolic extract and to evaluate its effects on oxidative stress markers and RAGE and S100A8 gene expressions in the kidney of type 1 diabetic rats. Methods A total of 36 rats (weight 200-250 g) were randomly assigned into six groups as follows: Cnt, Cnt + S. striata 100, and Cnt + S. striata 200 that received normal saline, 100 mg/kg bw, and 200 mg/kg bw of ethanol extract of S. striata, respectively; and group Dibt, Dibt + S. striata 100, and Dibt + S. striata 200 that received normal saline, 100 mg/kg bw, and 200 mg/kg bw of ethanol extract of S. striata, respectively. Type 1 diabetes was induced in rats by a single injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg bw). After 60 days of treatment, biochemical factors and oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and malondialdehyde [MDA]) were measured using spectrophotometric methods. RAGE and S100A8 gene expressions were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Diabetes significantly impairs serum and urine fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile, creatinine, urea, and albumin parameters. After the treatment with S. striata extract, these parameters are close to the normal range. It was shown that the S. striata extract significantly decreased the kidney expression levels of RAGE and S100A8 genes and improved oxidative stress markers (SOD and MDA) in the kidney tissues when compared with the diabetic control group. It was also found that the beneficial effects of the S. striata were dose dependent. Conclusions The ethanolic extract of S. striata has beneficial antidiabetic effects. Moreover, by reducing RAGE and S100A8 gene expressions and by improving oxidative stress, S. striata might be used as adjuvant treatment for diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Alaee
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ahmad Akbari
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Hadi Karami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Salemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetic, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Jamal Amri
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetic, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Member of Biochemistry and Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 3848176941, Iran, Phone: +98-8634173505 (436). Mobile: +98-9034206921. Fax: +98-8634173521
| | - Mitra Panahi
- Department of Biology, Alexander College, Vancouver, Canada
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Priya S. Therapeutic Perspectives of Food Bioactive Peptides: A Mini Review. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:664-675. [DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190617092140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides are short chain of amino acids (usually 2-20) that are linked by amide
bond in a specific sequence which have some biological effects in animals or humans. These can be
of diverse origin like plant, animal, fish, microbe, marine organism or even synthetic. They are
successfully used in the management of many diseases. In recent years increased attention has been
raised for its effects and mechanism of action in various disease conditions like cancer, immunity,
cardiovascular disease, hypertension, inflammation, diabetes, microbial infections etc. Bioactive
peptides are more bioavailable and less allergenic when compared to total proteins. Food derived
bioactive peptides have health benefits and its demand has increased tremendously over the past
decade. This review gives a view on last two years research on potential bioactive peptides derived
from food which have significant therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulochana Priya
- Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIRNIIST), Trivandrum, Kerala, 695 019, India
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Meng JM, Cao SY, Wei XL, Gan RY, Wang YF, Cai SX, Xu XY, Zhang PZ, Li HB. Effects and Mechanisms of Tea for the Prevention and Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Complications: An Updated Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E170. [PMID: 31185622 PMCID: PMC6617012 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus has become a serious and growing public health concern. It has high morbidity and mortality because of its complications, such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic cardiovascular complication, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic hepatopathy. Epidemiological studies revealed that the consumption of tea was inversely associated with the risk of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Experimental studies demonstrated that tea had protective effects against diabetes mellitus and its complications via several possible mechanisms, including enhancing insulin action, ameliorating insulin resistance, activating insulin signaling pathway, protecting islet β-cells, scavenging free radicals, and decreasing inflammation. Moreover, clinical trials also confirmed that tea intervention is effective in patients with diabetes mellitus and its complications. Therefore, in order to highlight the importance of tea in the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus and its complications, this article summarizes and discusses the effects of tea against diabetes mellitus and its complications based on the findings from epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies, with the special attention paid to the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ming Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Shi-Yu Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xin-Lin Wei
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yuan-Feng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Shu-Xian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Pang-Zhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Kshatriya D, Li X, Giunta GM, Yuan B, Zhao D, Simon JE, Wu Q, Bello NT. Phenolic-enriched raspberry fruit extract (Rubus idaeus) resulted in lower weight gain, increased ambulatory activity, and elevated hepatic lipoprotein lipase and heme oxygenase-1 expression in male mice fed a high-fat diet. Nutr Res 2019; 68:19-33. [PMID: 31252376 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Red raspberries (Rubus idaeus) contain numerous phenolic compounds with purported health benefits. Raspberry ketone (4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone) is a primary raspberry flavor phenolic found in raspberries and is designated as a synthetic flavoring agent by the Food and Drug Administration. Synthetic raspberry ketone has been demonstrated to result in weight loss in rodents. We tested whether phenolic-enriched raspberry extracts, compared with raspberry ketone, would be more resilient to the metabolic alterations caused by an obesogenic diet. Male C57BL/6J mice (8 weeks old) received a daily oral dose of vehicle (VEH; 50% propylene glycol, 40% water, and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide), raspberry extract low (REL; 0.2 g/kg), raspberry extract high (REH; 2 g/kg), or raspberry ketone (RK; 0.2 g/kg). Coincident with daily dosing, mice were placed on a high-fat diet (45% fat). After 4 weeks, REH and RK reduced body weight gain (approximately 5%-9%) and white adipose mass (approximately 20%) compared with VEH. Hepatic gene expression of heme oxygenase-1 and lipoprotein lipase was upregulated in REH compared with VEH. Indirect calorimetry indicated that respiratory exchange ratio (CO2 production to O2 consumption) was lower, suggesting increased fat oxidation with all treatments. REH treatment increased total ambulatory behavior. Energy expenditure/lean mass was higher in REH compared with REL treatment. There were no treatment differences in cumulative intake, meal patterns, or hypothalamic feed-related gene expression. Our results suggest that raspberry ketone and a phenolic-enriched raspberry extract both have the capacity to prevent weight gain but differ in the preventative mechanisms for excess fat accumulation following high-fat diet exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dushyant Kshatriya
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Xinyi Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Gina M Giunta
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Bo Yuan
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Danyue Zhao
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - James E Simon
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Qingli Wu
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Nicholas T Bello
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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