1
|
Wang Y, Zhou H, Fu Y, Wang Z, Gao Q, Yang D, Kang J, Chen L, An Z, Hammock BD, Zhang J, Huo J. Establishment of an indirect competitive immunoassay for the detection of dicamba based on a highly specific nanobody. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170567. [PMID: 38296098 PMCID: PMC10936929 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Dicamba, a traditional highly effective and low toxicity herbicide, has gained new life with the development of dicamba-tolerant transgenic crops in recent years. However, dicamba is highly volatile and therefore easy to cause drift damage to sensitive crops. The development of efficient and sensitive detection methods is essential for monitoring of trace dicamba in the environment. Nanobody-based immunoassay plays an important role in on-site detection of pesticides. However, now rapid and sensitive immunoassay methods based on nanobody for dicamba detection were lacking. In this study, the nanobodies specifically recognizing dicamba were successfully obtained by immunising camels and phage display library construction, and then an indirect competitive immunoassay based on Nb-242 was constructed with IC50 of 0.93 μg/mL and a linear range of 0.11-8.01 μg/mL. Nb-242 had good specificity with no cross-reactivities against the dicamba analogs other than 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid and the developed immnoassay had a good correlation with the standard HPLC in the spike-recovery studies. Finally, the key amino acid Ala 123, Tyr 55, Tyr 59 and Arg 72 of Nb-242 that specifically recognizing and binding with dicamba were identified by homologous modeling and molecular docking, laying an important foundation for further structural modification of Nb-242. This study has important guiding significance for constructing immunoassay method of dicamba based on nanobody and provides a sensitive, specific, and reliable detection method that is suitable for the detection of dicamba in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasen Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Yining Fu
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Zhengzhong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Qingqing Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Dongchen Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Jia Kang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Lai Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Zexiu An
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Jinlin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| | - Jingqian Huo
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang L, Wang G, Wu Y, Wang Z, Ding Y, Liang H, Hua X. Development of competitive and noncompetitive lateral flow immunoassays for pendimethalin using synthetic peptides. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 191:68. [PMID: 38159155 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06151-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Peptidomimetic and anti-immunocomplex peptides can be easily isolated from phage display libraries, and can be used as alternatives to chemical competing haptens to improve the sensitivity of small molecule immunoassay. In this work, 16 peptidomimetics and 7 anti-immunocomplex peptides of pendimethalin (PND) were obtained from cyclic 7-, 8-, 9-, and 10-residue peptide phage libraries. Peptidomimetic EJ-2 (CMFTGTDFPC) with the highest sensitivity in competitive phage enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunocomplex peptide EF-30 (CNPGWPPIPC) with the highest sensitivity in noncompetitive phage ELISA were selected to prepare phage-free peptides with GGGSSK-biotin at the C-terminus. Competitive and noncompetitive lateral flow immunoassays (CLFIA and NLFIA) were developed by using the phage-free peptides. After optimization, the CLFIA and NLFIA showed visual limit of detections (vLODs) of 5 ng/mL and 2.5 ng/mL, respectively, which were improved two- and fourfold compared with a LFIA based on chemical hapten. The NLFIA showed better sensitivity than CLFIA in the detection of spiked samples, and can meet the detection requirements for agro-products regulated by EU and China. The detection results of CLFIA and NLFIA for blind samples were consistent with that of ultra performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianrun Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guixiu Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanling Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhijia Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongwu Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Xiude Hua
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu X, Wu A, Guo L, Kuang H, Xu L, Xu C, Liu L. Gold nanoparticle-based immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of imazalil. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 9:123-131. [PMID: 37823288 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00371j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Imazalil (IMZ) is a commonly used fungicide for controlling fungus in agriculture, leaving residual IMZ in crops that could be hazardous to human health. In this work, we designed IMZ haptens for mice immunization and prepared sensitive monoclonal antibody (mAb) against IMZ. The subtype of anti-IMZ mAb is IgG2a. It possessed a half inhibition concentration (IC50) of 0.95 ng mL-1 and showed no cross-reactivity against other chemicals in ic-ELISA. Taking advantage of the mAb, we developed a gold nanoparticle-based immunochromatographic assay (GICA) for the rapid detection of IMZ in grapes and tomatoes. The assay gave a visual limit of detection (vLOD) of 25 ng g-1 and cut-off value of 500 ng g-1 in both samples. According to the calibration curves, the calculated LOD were 4.12 ng g-1 and 4.70 ng g-1 in grapes and tomatoes, respectively. The recovery rates of IMZ ranged from 84.7% to 104.4% with variation coefficients (CVs) of 5.7-11.8% in spiked samples, indicating a potent practicability of the GICA. The whole GICA process took 30 min. Therefore, the developed assay can be used for on-site detection and quantitation of IMZ in grape and tomato samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Aihong Wu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Guo
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Hua Kuang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Liguang Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang P, Xu X, Guo L, Liu L, Kuang H, Xiao J, Xu C. Hapten synthesis and a colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip assay to detect nitrofen and bifenox in fruits. Analyst 2023; 148:2449-2458. [PMID: 37144547 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00358b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized two haptens similar in structure to nitrofen (NIT), and screened out five monoclonal antibodies with the ability to recognize NIT and bifenox (BIF) by competitive ELISA, with the lowest IC50 values of 0.87 ng mL-1 and 0.86 ng mL-1, respectively. The antibody 5G7 was selected to be combined with colloidal gold to establish a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay strip. This method was shown to qualitatively and quantitatively detect the residues of NIT and BIF in fruit samples. The visual limits of detection for qualitative detection were 5 μg kg-1 and 10 μg kg-1 for NIT and BIF, respectively. The calculated limits of detection for quantitative detection were 0.75 μg kg-1, 1.77 μg kg-1 and 2.55 μg kg-1 respectively, for nitrofen in orange, apple and grapes, and 3.54 μg kg-1, 4.96 μg kg-1 and 5.26 μg kg-1, respectively, for bifenox. Thus the strip assay could be used for rapid analysis of fruit samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao Q, Huo J, Chen L, Yang D, Zhang W, Jia B, Xu X, Barnych B, Zhang J, Hammock BD. Development of immunoassay based on a specific antibody for sensitive detection of nicosulfuron in environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160247. [PMID: 36400293 PMCID: PMC10042444 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nicosulfuron, one of the most widely used selective herbicides in corn field, can effectively control annual and perennial grass weeds, sedges, and some broadleaf weeds. The residual phytotoxicity of nicosulfuron in soil and water has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, an efficient method for detection of nicosulfuron was critical to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of agriculture and the ecological environment. In this paper, five nicosulfuron haptens which contained carboxyl group or aldehyde groups were designed and synthesized, and an indirect competitive immunoassay was developed for the first time. The assay showed an IC50 of 8.42 ng/mL and had negligible cross reactivities toward other sulfonylurea herbicides. In the spike and recovery studies, the recovery rate from soil samples was 95 %-104 %, and that of wheat roots was 92 %-98 %, which showed a good correlation with LC-MS analysis for nicosulfuron. The immunoassay was then used to quantify nicosulfuron concentration which could cause the obvious phytotoxic symptoms to wheat. Obvious symptoms of nicosulfuron phytotoxicity in wheat root was observed at the concentration of 0.068 ± 0.006 mg/kg (ELISA result) which was consistent with 0.072 ± 0.007 mg/kg obtained by LC-MS. The developed immunoassay method is an effective tool for environment contamination monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Jingqian Huo
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| | - Lai Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Dongchen Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Bin Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Jinlin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
López-Puertollano D, Agulló C, Mercader JV, Abad-Somovilla A, Abad-Fuentes A. Design of a novel hapten and development of a sensitive monoclonal immunoassay for dicamba analysis in environmental water samples. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157770. [PMID: 35926599 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Weed resistance to glyphosate has been a driving force behind the increased use of alternative herbicides in agriculture. Recently, dicamba-tolerant recombinant plants were introduced to the market, which may result in residues of this agrochemical contaminating environmental waters. Given that restrictions on the use of dicamba have consequently been established by regulatory agencies, it is therefore also desirable to conduct extensive controls on dicamba residues. Immunoassays are currently the most powerful bioanalytical technology for the rapid monitoring of chemical residues and contaminants. In the present study, a novel hapten was designed maintaining unaltered all the antigenic moieties of the target molecule, and this was used to generate high-affinity monoclonal antibodies against dicamba for the first time. Additionally, a collection of haptens with different linker composition or linker tethering site was synthesized and conjugated to proteins. Using these novel immunoreagents, a direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a limit of detection for dicamba of 0.24 ng/mL was developed and validated. Analysis of water samples from different origins afforded recovery values between 90 % and 120 %, and coefficients of variation below 20 % were obtained. These results indicate that the developed immunochemical assay is suitable for the rapid determination of dicamba residues in environmental water samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel López-Puertollano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot 46100, València, Spain
| | - Consuelo Agulló
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot 46100, València, Spain
| | - Josep V Mercader
- Institute of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Av. Agustí Escardino 7, Paterna 46980, València, Spain
| | - Antonio Abad-Somovilla
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot 46100, València, Spain
| | - Antonio Abad-Fuentes
- Institute of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Av. Agustí Escardino 7, Paterna 46980, València, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang L, Chen H, Cui P, Ding Y, Wang M, Hua X. Development of immunoassay based on rational hapten design for sensitive detection of pendimethalin in environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154690. [PMID: 35318054 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pendimethalin (PND) is one of the most widely used selective herbicides, but it is considered a potential human carcinogen and persistent bioaccumulative toxic chemical. Herein, five haptens with carboxylic groups were synthesized based on rational design and used to immunize mice, respectively. Then the antibodies obtained were evaluated systematically, and an indirect competitive ELISA (ic-ELISA) was developed based on an anti-PND monoclonal antibody. The 50% inhibition concentration and limit of detection of ic-ELISA were 0.53 ng/mL and 0.07 ng/mL, respectively. The cross-reactivities of ic-ELISA for the analogs of PND were ≤ 1.1%. The average recoveries of PND ranged from 79.5% to 107.4% in spiked samples. A good correlation was achieved between the ic-ELISA results and UPLC-MS/MS results in the analysis of blind samples. Thus, this assay provides a rapid and accurate tool for the determination of PND in the agro-products and agricultural producing environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianrun Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - He Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Panpan Cui
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Minghua Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiude Hua
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu X, Xie B, Cheng Y, Luo L, Liang Y, Xiao Z. A Sensitive Monoclonal-Antibody-Based ELISA for Forchlorfenuron Residue Analysis in Food Samples. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12020078. [PMID: 35200339 PMCID: PMC8869720 DOI: 10.3390/bios12020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, forchlorfenuron (CPPU) was coupled with succinic anhydride to yield a CPPU hapten (CPPU-COOH), and a high-affinity monoclonal antibody (mAb) that can specifically recognize CPPU was produced. Using this mAb as a recognition reagent, a sensitive indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) for CPPU was optimized, which exhibits an IC50 of 1.04 ng/mL, a limit of detection of 0.16 ng/mL, and a linear range of 0.31–3.43 ng/mL for CPPU. Cross-reactivity percentages with six analogues were all below 6%. The average recovery rates for cucumber and orange samples were from 85.23% to 119.14%. The analysis results of this icELISA showed good consistency with those from liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. These results suggest that the proposed icELISA provides a sensitive, specific, and reliable strategy for CPPU detection in food samples.
Collapse
|
9
|
Pillay TS, Muyldermans S. Application of Single-Domain Antibodies ("Nanobodies") to Laboratory Diagnosis. Ann Lab Med 2021; 41:549-558. [PMID: 34108282 PMCID: PMC8203438 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2021.41.6.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies have proven to be central in the development of diagnostic methods over decades, moving from polyclonal antibodies to the milestone development of monoclonal antibodies. Although monoclonal antibodies play a valuable role in diagnosis, their production is technically demanding and can be expensive. The large size of monoclonal antibodies (150 kDa) makes their re-engineering using recombinant methods a challenge. Single-domain antibodies, such as “nanobodies,” are a relatively new class of diagnostic probes that originated serendipitously during the assay of camel serum. The immune system of the camelid family (camels, llamas, and alpacas) has evolved uniquely to produce heavy-chain antibodies that contain a single monomeric variable antibody domain in a smaller functional unit of 12–15 kDa. Interestingly, the same biological phenomenon is observed in sharks. Since a single-domain antibody molecule is smaller than a conventional mammalian antibody, recombinant engineering and protein expression in vitro using bacterial production systems are much simpler. The entire gene encoding such an antibody can be cloned and expressed in vitro. Single-domain antibodies are very stable and heat-resistant, and hence do not require cold storage, especially when incorporated into a diagnostic kit. Their simple genetic structure allows easy re-engineering of the protein to introduce new antigen-binding characteristics or attach labels. Here, we review the applications of single-domain antibodies in laboratory diagnosis and discuss the future potential in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir S Pillay
- Department of Chemical Pathology and NHLS- Tshwane Academic Division, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Division of Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Pretoria, Prinshof Campus, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang F, Wan DB, Shen YD, Tian YX, Xiao ZL, Xu ZL, Yang JY, Sun YM, Hammock BD, Wang H. Development of a chemiluminescence immunoassay for detection of tenuazonic acid mycotoxin in fruit juices with a specific camel polyclonal antibody. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1795-1802. [PMID: 33885655 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00200g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The natural mycotoxin tenuazonic acid (TeA) in foods is identified as the most toxic mycotoxin among the over 70 kinds of secondary toxic metabolites produced by Alternaria alternata. Some hapten-antibody-mediated immunoassays have been developed for TeA detection in food samples, but these methods show unsatisfactory sensitivity and specificity. In this study, a rationally designed hapten for TeA mycotoxin generated with computer-assisted modeling was prepared to produce a highly specific camel polyclonal antibody, and an indirect competitive chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (icCLEIA) was established with a limit of detection of 0.2 ng mL-1 under optimized conditions. The cross-reactivity results showed that several analogs and some common mycotoxins had negligible recognition by the anti-TeA polyclonal antibody. The average recoveries spiked in fruit juices were determined to be 92.7% with an acceptable coefficient of variation, and good correlations between icCLEIA and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) results were obtained in spiked samples. This developed icCLEIA for TeA detection with significantly improved sensitivity and satisfactory specificity is a promising alternative for environmental monitoring and food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - De-Bin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Yu-Dong Shen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Yuan-Xin Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Li Xiao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen-Lin Xu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Jin-Yi Yang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Yuan-Ming Sun
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang F, Li ZF, Yang YY, Wan DB, Vasylieva N, Zhang YQ, Cai J, Wang H, Shen YD, Xu ZL, Hammock BD. Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay and Bioluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for Tenuazonic Acid Mycotoxin by Exploitation of Nanobody and Nanobody-Nanoluciferase Fusion. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11935-11942. [PMID: 32702970 PMCID: PMC7743996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of nanobodies (Nbs) from phage display libraries is an increasingly effective approach for the generation of new biorecognition elements, which can be used to develop immunoassays. In this study, highly specific Nbs against the Alternaria mycotoxin tenuazonic acid (TeA) were isolated from an immune nanobody phage display library using a stringent biopanning strategy. The obtained Nbs were characterized by classical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the best one Nb-3F9 was fused with nanoluciferase to prepare an advanced bifunctional fusion named nanobody-nanoluciferase (Nb-Nluc). In order to improve the sensitivity and reduce the assay time, two different kinds of luminescent strategies including chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) and bioluminescent enzyme immunoassay (BLEIA) were established, respectively, on the basis of the single Nb and the fusion protein Nb-Nluc for TeA detection. The two-step CLEIA was developed on the basis of the same nanobody as ELISA, only with simple substrate replacement from 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to luminol. In contrast with CLEIA, the novel BLEIA was conducted in one-step new strategy on the basis of Nb-Nluc and bioluminescent substrate coelenterazine-h (CTZ-h). Their half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were similar to 8.6 ng/mL for CLEIA and 9.3 ng/mL for BLEIA, which was a 6-fold improvement in sensitivity compared with that of ELISA (IC50 of 54.8 ng/mL). Both of the two assays provided satisfactory recoveries ranging from 80.1%-113.5% in real samples, which showed better selectivity for TeA analogues and other common mycotoxins. These results suggested that Nbs and Nb-Nluc could be used as useful reagents for immunodetection and that the developed CLEIA/BLEIA have great potential for TeA analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Feng Li
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Guangzhou Nabo Antibody Technology Co. Ltd, Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - De-Bin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Natalia Vasylieva
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yu-Qi Zhang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Jun Cai
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Dong Shen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Lin Xu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
On-spot quantitative analysis of dicamba in field waters using a lateral flow immunochromatographic strip with smartphone imaging. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6995-7006. [PMID: 32737550 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02833-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Dicamba herbicide is increasingly used in the world, in particular' with the widespread cultivation of genetically modified dicamba-resistant crops. However, the drift problem in the field has caused phytotoxicity against naive, sensitive crops, raising legal concerns. Thus, it is particularly timely to develop a method that can be used for on-the-spot rapid detection of dicamba in the field. In this paper, a lateral flow immunochromatographic strip (LFIC) was developed. The quantitative detection can be conducted by an app on a smartphone, named "Color Snap." The tool reported here provides results in 10 min and can detect dicamba in water with a LOD (detection limit) value of 0.1 mg/L. The developed LFIC shows excellent stability and sensitivity appropriate for field analysis. Our sensor is portable and excellent tool for on-site detection with smartphone imaging for better accuracy and precision of the results. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
|