1
|
Mandim F, Pinela J, Marcelino S, Dias MI, Barracosa P, Ivanov M, Soković M, Santos-Buelga C, Barros L. Insights into the phenolic composition and in vitro bioactivity of cardoon capitulum: A nutraceutical-oriented valorization study. Food Chem 2024; 435:137480. [PMID: 37774613 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The capitulum constituents (stigma, corolla, bracts, pappus, and receptacle) of seven cardoon cultivars were studied for their polyphenolic composition and bioactive properties. Fifteen phenolic compounds were identified, secoiridoid, secoxyloganin, and apigenin-O-hexuronoside in higher concentrations. The bracts had the highest concentration of phenolic compounds, and the corolla had the greatest variety. The corolla of F4-1-4 and F1-34-1 cultivars, and bracts of F1-1-1, F1-19-4, and F4-37-1 cultivars revealed the greatest capacity to inhibit the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation (IC50 of 38 and 40.4 µg/mL, respectively). The corolla of F1-34-1 cultivar showed higher antihaemolytic activity than the positive control Trolox (IC50 5.5 vs. 20 µg/mL). Bracts of the F4-25-2 cultivar showed higher cytotoxic activity. No hepatotoxicity or anti-inflammatory effects were presented by the studied samples. These bioactivities exhibit a significative correlation with phenolic compounds, in particular flavonoids. Antimicrobial capacity was also observed, with all samples presenting higher antifungal potential than positive controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Mandim
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Sandra Marcelino
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Paulo Barracosa
- CERNAS, Centro de Investigação do Instituto Politécnico de Viseu (ESAV) Quinta da Alagoa, 3500-606 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Marija Ivanov
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Soković
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Celestino Santos-Buelga
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mandim F, Santos-Buelga C, C F R Ferreira I, Petropoulos SA, Barros L. The wide spectrum of industrial applications for cultivated cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L. var. Altilis DC.): A review. Food Chem 2023; 423:136275. [PMID: 37172504 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis DC. belongs to the Asteraceae family and is widely used. This species is integrated into the Mediterranean diet and has broad applicability due to its rich chemical composition. Its flowers, used as a vegetable coagulant for gourmet cheese production, are rich in aspartic proteases. Leaves are rich in sesquiterpene lactones, the most abundant being cynaropicrin, while stems present a higher abundance of hydroxycinnamic acids. Both classes of compounds exhibit a wide range of bioactive properties. Its chemical composition makes it applicable in other industrial sectors, such as energy (e.g., manufacturing of biodiesel and biofuel) or paper pulp production, among other biotechnological applications. In the last decade, cardoon has been identified as a competitive energy crop, constituting an opportunity for the economic recovery and development of the rural areas of the Mediterranean basin. This article reviews the chemical composition, bioactive properties, and multifaceted industrial applications of cardoon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Mandim
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança. Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Grupo de Investigación em Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Celestino Santos-Buelga
- Grupo de Investigación em Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança. Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Spyridon A Petropoulos
- University of Thessaly, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, 38446 N. Ionia, Volos, Greece
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança. Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Semwal A, Kumar A, Kumar N. A review on pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila and their mitigation through medicinal herbs in aquaculture. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14088. [PMID: 36938468 PMCID: PMC10018484 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a freshwater, facultatively anaerobic, chemo-organoheterotrophic bacterium that distressed fishes with gastroenteritis, septicemia and causes a disease known as Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS), which affects the aquatic environment. Haemolysin, aerolysin, cytosine, gelatinase, enterotoxin and antimicrobial peptides have been identified as virulence factors in A. hydrophila. Medicinal herbs/plants and their uses are the instant, easily available, cost-effective, efficient and eco-friendly approach for socio-economic, sustainable development of modern aquaculture practice. Phytotherapy either through a dip or by incorporation into the diets is an alternative approach to synthetic pharmaceuticals to diminish the pathogenicity of aquatic environmental pathogens. Due to the presence of remarkable phytoconstituents like flavonoids, alkaloids, pigments, terpenoids, steroids and essential oils, the medicinal plant exhibits anti-microbial, appetite-stimulating, anti-stress, growth-promoting and immunostimulatory activities. Aqua-industry preferred phytotherapy-based techniques/compounds to develop resistance against a variety of aquatic pathogens in culturable fishes because they are inexpensive and environment-friendly. As a result, this review elaborates on the diverse applications of phytotherapy as a promising tool for disease management in aquaculture and a major step toward organic aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Semwal
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology (GBPUA&T), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Avdhesh Kumar
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology (GBPUA&T), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology (GBPUA&T), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu HB, Ma LH, Li XM, Liu TT. Selective Phytotoxic Effects of Sesquiterpenoids from Sonchus arvensis as a Preliminary Approach for the Biocontrol of Two Problematic Weeds of Wheat. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:9412-9420. [PMID: 35879021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to find new selective allelochemicals for managing two problematic weeds redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) and common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) with minimal negative effects on wheat, thereby facilitating the development of eco-friendly botanical herbicide. Three new sesquiterpenoids, sonarvenolide A-C (1-3), and nine known sesquiterpenoids (4-12) were isolated from Sonchus arvensis. Compound 1 was a rare peroxide-substituted eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid, and compound 3 was a rare iphionane-type sesquiterpenoid. Notably, compounds 1, 3, 4, 6-8, and 11 showed selectivity phytotoxic activity. In particular, compounds 1, 3, and 4 exhibited excellent germination inhibitory effect on A. retroflexus (IC50 = 32.0-129.0 μM), higher than that of the positive control triasulfuron (IC50 = 141.7 μM), and compound 4 showed excellent inhibition on C. album (IC50 = 82.0 μM), higher than that of triasulfuron (IC50 = 100.9 μM). In addition, compounds 1, 3, and 4 showed allelopathy to the growth of two weeds, which were more potent than or close to that of triasulfuron. Furthermore, these compounds were not toxic to wheat even at a high concentration (1000 μM). Structure-activity relationships (SARs) revealed that the presence of peroxides or the absence of hydroxyl at C-5 in the eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids could strengthen the inhibitory activities. The discovery of selective allelochemicals provides not only a new choice to control two problematic weeds of wheat but also new natural lead compounds for herbicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Hui Ma
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Meng Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Scavo A, Pandino G, Restuccia A, Caruso P, Lombardo S, Mauromicale G. Allelopathy in Durum Wheat Landraces as Affected by Genotype and Plant Part. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11081021. [PMID: 35448748 PMCID: PMC9026900 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat is one of the largest cultivated crops across Mediterranean areas. The high demand for sustainable crop productions, especially concerning weed management, is driving the return to local landraces. In the present work, the in vitro allelopathic effects of the extracts of three durum wheat landraces ('Timilia', 'Russello' and 'Perciasacchi') and a modern variety ('Mongibello'), obtained from three different plant parts (ears, stems and roots), were tested on seed germination (G) and mean germination time (MGT) of Portulaca oleracea L. and Stellaria. media (L.) Vill., two weeds commonly infesting wheat fields. In addition, the total polyphenol (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) content of extracts was determined. All extracts reduced G and increased MGT in both weeds compared to the control. The magnitude of phytotoxicity was strongly affected by the influence of genotype, plant part and extract dilution. Overall, the landraces 'Timilia' and 'Russello' showed the highest allelopathic effects, ear extracts were the most active, and the maximum extract dilution induced higher phytotoxicity. Extracts' TPC and TFC corroborated these results. The findings obtained here encourage the use of local landraces as a source of allelochemicals and suggest that they could be left on soil surface or soil-incorporated after harvest for a possible weed control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaetano Pandino
- Correspondence: (G.P.); (S.L.); Tel.: +39-0954783449 (G.P.); +39-0954783421 (S.L.)
| | | | | | - Sara Lombardo
- Correspondence: (G.P.); (S.L.); Tel.: +39-0954783449 (G.P.); +39-0954783421 (S.L.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mejías F, Fernández IP, Rial C, Varela RM, Molinillo JM, Calvino JJ, Trasobares S, Macías FA. Encapsulation of Cynara Cardunculus Guaiane-type Lactones in Fully Organic Nanotubes Enhances Their Phytotoxic Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:3644-3653. [PMID: 35289164 PMCID: PMC8972271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The encapsulation of bioactive natural products has emerged as a relevant tool for modifying the poor physicochemical properties often exhibited by agrochemicals. In this regard, natural guaiane-type sesquiterpene lactones isolated from Cynara cardunculus L. have been encapsulated in a core/shell nanotube@agrochemical system. Monitoring of the F and O signals in marked sesquiterpenes confirmed that the compound is present in the nanotube cavity. These structures were characterized using scanning transmission electron microscopy-X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry techniques, which revealed the spatial layout relationship and confirmed encapsulation of the sesquiterpene lactone derivative. In addition, biological studies were performed with aguerin B (1), cynaropicrin (2), and grosheimin (3) on the inhibition of germination, roots, and shoots in weeds (Phalaris arundinacea L., Lolium perenne L., and Portulaca oleracea L.). Encapsulation of lactones in nanotubes gives better results than those for the nonencapsulated compounds, thereby reinforcing the application of fully organic nanotubes for the sustainable use of agrochemicals in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco
J.R. Mejías
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules
(INBIO), School of Science, University of
Cádiz, Campus
CEIA3, C/ República Saharaui, 7, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Inmaculada P. Fernández
- Departamento
de Ciencia de Los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica
y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, C/ República Saharaui, 7, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Carlos Rial
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules
(INBIO), School of Science, University of
Cádiz, Campus
CEIA3, C/ República Saharaui, 7, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Varela
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules
(INBIO), School of Science, University of
Cádiz, Campus
CEIA3, C/ República Saharaui, 7, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - José M.G. Molinillo
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules
(INBIO), School of Science, University of
Cádiz, Campus
CEIA3, C/ República Saharaui, 7, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - José J. Calvino
- Departamento
de Ciencia de Los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica
y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, C/ República Saharaui, 7, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Susana Trasobares
- Departamento
de Ciencia de Los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica
y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, C/ República Saharaui, 7, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Francisco A. Macías
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules
(INBIO), School of Science, University of
Cádiz, Campus
CEIA3, C/ República Saharaui, 7, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Monoterpenoids from Seriphidium transiliense and their Biological Activity. Chem Nat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-022-03635-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
8
|
Bioactive Compounds from Cardoon as Health Promoters in Metabolic Disorders. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030336. [PMID: 35159487 PMCID: PMC8915173 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) is a Mediterranean plant and member of the Asteraceae family that includes three botanical taxa, the wild perennial cardoon (C. cardunculus L. var. sylvestris (Lamk) Fiori), globe artichoke (C. cardunculus L. var. scolymus L. Fiori), and domesticated cardoon (C. cardunculus L. var. altilis DC.). Cardoon has been widely used in the Mediterranean diet and folk medicine since ancient times. Today, cardoon is recognized as a plant with great industrial potential and is considered as a functional food, with important nutritional value, being an interesting source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, minerals, inulin, fiber, and sesquiterpene lactones. These bioactive compounds have been vastly described in the literature, exhibiting a wide range of beneficial effects, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, lipid-lowering, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antihemorrhoidal, cardiotonic, and choleretic activity. In this review, an overview of the cardoon nutritional and phytochemical composition, as well as its biological potential, is provided, highlighting the main therapeutic effects of the different parts of the cardoon plant on metabolic disorders, specifically associated with hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic activity.
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu JZ, Zhang CC, Fu YJ, Cui Q. Comparative analysis of phytochemical profile, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity from Hibiscus manihot L. flower. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
10
|
Mirpoor SF, Varriale S, Porta R, Naviglio D, Spennato M, Gardossi L, Giosafatto CVL, Pezzella C. A biorefinery approach for the conversion of Cynara cardunculus biomass to active films. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
11
|
Anese S, Rial C, Varela RM, Torres A, Molinillo JM, Macías FA. Search of New Tools for Weed Control Using Piptocarpha rotundifolia, a Dominant Species in the Cerrado. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8684-8694. [PMID: 34328733 PMCID: PMC8638263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Piptocarpha rotundifolia (Less.) Baker stands out as one of the species with the highest frequency, density, and relative dominance in the Cerrado formations. However, no phytochemical studies have been carried out with this species to date. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytotoxic activity of P. rotundifolia leaves in the search of new environmentally friendly tools for weed control. Thus, a wheat coleoptile and phytotoxic bioassay, using relevant agricultural weeds, was used to identify the most active extracts and fractions. The subsequent purification process allowed the isolation of 11 compounds, the phytotoxicity of which was evaluated in terms of wheat coleoptile elongation and with the most sensitive weeds. Piptocarphin A was found to be the major compound and the most active. To confirm its phytotoxic potential, the effect on Ipomea grandifolia grown in a hydroponic culture and on metaxylem cells was studied. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that the inhibitory activity displayed by P. rotundifolia leaf extract is mainly due to the presence of piptocarphin A. The phytotoxicity shown by P. rotundifolia leaf extract, and the isolated compounds, on weeds could provide new tools for weed control in agricultural fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simoni Anese
- Federal
Institute of Education, Science and Technology
of Mato Grosso, Campus
Campo Novo do Parecis, MT 235 Km 12, Campo
Novo do Parecis, MT 78360-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rial
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules
(INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/ República Saharaui no 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Varela
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules
(INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/ República Saharaui no 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| | - Ascensión Torres
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules
(INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/ República Saharaui no 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| | - José M.
G. Molinillo
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules
(INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/ República Saharaui no 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| | - Francisco A. Macías
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules
(INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/ República Saharaui no 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Combined application of antagonistic Wickerhamomyces anomalus BS91 strain and Cynara cardunculus L. leaf extracts for the control of postharvest decay of citrus fruit. Food Microbiol 2020; 92:103583. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
13
|
Scavo A, Rial C, Molinillo JMG, Varela RM, Mauromicale G, Macı As FA. Effect of Shading on the Sesquiterpene Lactone Content and Phytotoxicity of Cultivated Cardoon Leaf Extracts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11946-11953. [PMID: 33052675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The work described here follows on from a previous study focused on the influence of the genotype and harvest time on the sesquiterpene lactone (STL) profile of Cynara cardunculus L. leaf extracts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect that 60% plant shading in cultivated cardoon (C. cardunculus var. altilis) leaf extracts harvested in winter and spring had on the composition of STLs and the phytotoxicity. The phytotoxicity of leaf extracts was evaluated by assessing wheat coleoptile elongation along with seed germination and the root and shoot length of the weeds Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Portulaca oleracea L. Shading increased the production of STLs in spring, and this effect correlated positively with the phytotoxic activity. The induction of shading can therefore be used to modulate STL concentrations and their phytotoxic potential in cultivated cardoon leaves for industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Scavo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia, 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Carlos Rial
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/República Saharaui n° 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| | - José M G Molinillo
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/República Saharaui n° 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| | - Rosa M Varela
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/República Saharaui n° 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| | - Giovanni Mauromicale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia, 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Francisco Antonio Macı As
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/República Saharaui n° 7, Puerto Real, Cadiz 11510, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Uddin MN, Asaeda T, Shampa SH, Robinson RW. Allelopathy and its coevolutionary implications between native and non-native neighbors of invasive Cynara cardunculus L. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:7463-7475. [PMID: 32760541 PMCID: PMC7391558 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive plants apply new selection pressures on neighbor plant species by different means including allelopathy. Recent evidence shows allelopathy functions as remarkably influential mediator for invaders to be successful in their invaded range. However, few studies have determined whether native and non-native species co-occurring with invaders have evolved tolerance to allelopathy. In this study, we conducted germination and growth experiments to evaluate whether co-occurring native Juncus pallidus and non-native Lolium rigidum species may evolve tolerance to the allelochemicals induced by Cyanara cardunculus in Australian agricultural fields. The test species were germinated and grown in pots filled with collected invaded and uninvaded rhizosphere soil of C. cardunculus with and without activated carbon (AC). Additionally, a separate experiment was done to differentiate the direct effects of AC on the test species. The soil properties showed invaded rhizosphere soils had higher total phenolic and lower pH compared with uninvaded soils. We found significant reduction of germination percentage and seedling growth in terms of above- and belowground biomass, and maximum plant height and root length of native in the invaded rhizosphere soil of C. cardunculus, but little effect on non-native grass species. Even soil manipulated with AC showed no significant differences in the measured parameters of non-native except aboveground biomass. Taken together, the results indicate allelochemicals induced by C. cardunculus exert more suppressive effects on native than non-native linking the coevolved tolerance of those.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Nazim Uddin
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable CitiesCollege of Engineering and ScienceVictoria UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
- Department of Environmental ScienceSaitama UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Takashi Asaeda
- Department of Environmental ScienceSaitama UniversitySaitamaJapan
- Institute for Studies of the Global EnvironmentSophia UniversityChiyodaTokyoJapan
| | - Shahana H. Shampa
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable CitiesCollege of Engineering and ScienceVictoria UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Randall W. Robinson
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable CitiesCollege of Engineering and ScienceVictoria UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cynara cardunculus L.: Outgoing and potential trends of phytochemical, industrial, nutritive and medicinal merits. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
|
16
|
A New Insight on Cardoon : Exploring New Uses besides Cheese Making with a View to Zero Waste. Foods 2020; 9:foods9050564. [PMID: 32370268 PMCID: PMC7278730 DOI: 10.3390/foods9050564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardoon, Cynara cardunculus L., is a perennial plant whose flowers are used as vegetal rennet in cheese making. Cardoon is native from the Mediterranean area and is commonly used in the preparation of salads and soup dishes. Nowadays, cardoon is also being exploited for the production of energy, generating large amount of wastes, mainly leaves. These wastes are rich in bioactive compounds with important health benefits. The aim of this review is to highlight the main properties of cardoon leaves according to the current research and to explore its potential uses in different sectors, namely the food industry. Cardoon leaves are recognized to have potential health benefits. In fact, some studies indicated that cardoon leaves could have diuretic, hepato-protective, choleretic, hypocholesterolemic, anti-carcinogenic, and antibacterial properties. Most of these properties are due to excellent polyphenol profiles, with interesting antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. These findings indicate that cardoon leaves can have new potential uses in different sectors, such as cosmetics and the food industry; in particular, they can be used for the preparation of extracts to incorporate into active food packaging. In the future, these new uses of cardoon leaves will allow for zero waste of this crop.
Collapse
|
17
|
Docimo T, De Stefano R, Cappetta E, Piccinelli AL, Celano R, De Palma M, Tucci M. Physiological, Biochemical, and Metabolic Responses to Short and Prolonged Saline Stress in Two Cultivated Cardoon Genotypes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E554. [PMID: 32349234 PMCID: PMC7284779 DOI: 10.3390/plants9050554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cultivated cardoon is a multipurpose crop with adaptability to limiting environments. Two genotypes ("Bianco Avorio" and "Spagnolo") were comparatively characterized in response to short and prolonged 100 mM NaCl stress in hydroponics. Salt induced no growth variations between genotypes or symptoms of NaCl toxicity, but boosted ABA accumulation in roots and leaves. Both genotypes had high constitutive phenol content, whose major components were depleted upon 2 days of stress only in "Bianco Avorio". Prolonged stress stimulated accumulation of proline, phenylpropanoids, and related transcripts, and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity. Decreased antioxidant enzymes activities upon short stress did not occur for APX in "Spagnolo", indicating a stronger impairment of enzymatic defenses in "Bianco Avorio". Nonetheless, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation did not increase under short and prolonged stress in both genotypes. Overall, the two genotypes appear to share similar defense mechanisms but, in the short term, "Bianco Avorio" depends mainly on non-enzymatic antioxidant phenylpropanoids for ROS scavenging, while "Spagnolo" maintains a larger arsenal of defenses. Upon prolonged stress, proline could have contributed to protection of metabolic functions in both genotypes. Our results provide cues that can be exploited for cardoon genetic improvement and highlight genotypic differences for breeding salinity tolerant varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Docimo
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Rosalba De Stefano
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Elisa Cappetta
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Piccinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Rita Celano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Monica De Palma
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Marina Tucci
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ochi R, Nishiwaki H, Yamauchi S. Syntheses and Phytotoxicity of All Stereoisomers of 6-(2-Hydroxy-6-phenylhex-1-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2 H-pyran-2-one and Determination of the Effect of the α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Structure and Hydroxy Group Bonding to Chiral Carbon. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12558-12564. [PMID: 31609622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
All four stereoisomers of naturally occurring 6-(2-hydroxy-6-phenylhex-1-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (1) were synthesized by employing yeast-reduction products with high optical purity [from 95% enantiomeric excess (ee) to more than 99% ee], and then their phytotoxicities against lettuce and Italian ryegrass were evaluated. In the Italian ryegrass seedlings test, (6S,2'R)-1 showed the most potent and stereospecific activity against the shoots (IC50 = 260 μM) and roots (IC50 = 43.2 μM), with a significant difference from other stereoisomers. The highest seed germination inhibitory activity against Italian ryegrass seed was also observed in (6S,2'R)-1, showing a 53% germination ratio from the control at 1000 μM. This advantageous (6S,2'R) stereochemistry was employed in the syntheses of α,β-dihydro, 2'-dehydroxy, and 2'-methoxy derivatives 13-15. By the test using these derivatives, the importance of the α,β-unsaturated double bond and hydroxy group bonding to a chiral center on the 6-alkyl chain of 5,6-dihydro-α-pyrone for phytotoxicity was determined. In the test against lettuce, the 6S configuration and (6S,2'S) configuration were necessary for growth inhibition (IC50 = ca. 60 μM) and germination inhibition (63% germination ratio at 1000 μM), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Ochi
- Graduate School of Agriculture , Ehime University , 3-5-7 Tarumi , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8566 , Japan
| | - Hisashi Nishiwaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture , Ehime University , 3-5-7 Tarumi , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8566 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Agriculture , Ehime University , 3-5-7 Tarumi , Matsuyama , Ehime 790-8566 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|