1
|
Finnegan E, Ding W, Ude Z, Terer S, McGivern T, Blümel AM, Kirwan G, Shao X, Genua F, Yin X, Kel A, Fattah S, Myer PA, Cryan SA, Prehn JHM, O'Connor DP, Brennan L, Yochum G, Marmion CJ, Das S. Complexation of histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat to Cu(II) prevents premature metabolic inactivation in vitro and demonstrates potent anti-cancer activity in vitro and ex vivo in colon cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:533-553. [PMID: 37934338 PMCID: PMC11090832 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00882-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), belinostat, has had limited therapeutic impact in solid tumors, such as colon cancer, due to its poor metabolic stability. Here we evaluated a novel belinostat prodrug, copper-bis-belinostat (Cubisbel), in vitro and ex vivo, designed to overcome the pharmacokinetic challenges of belinostat. METHODS The in vitro metabolism of each HDACi was evaluated in human liver microsomes (HLMs) using mass spectrometry. Next, the effect of belinostat and Cubisbel on cell growth, HDAC activity, apoptosis and cell cycle was assessed in three colon cancer cell lines. Gene expression alterations induced by both HDACis were determined using RNA-Seq, followed by in silico analysis to identify master regulators (MRs) of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The effect of both HDACis on the viability of colon cancer patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) was also examined. RESULTS Belinostat and Cubisbel significantly reduced colon cancer cell growth mediated through HDAC inhibition and apoptosis induction. Interestingly, the in vitro half-life of Cubisbel was significantly longer than belinostat. Belinostat and its Cu derivative commonly dysregulated numerous signalling and metabolic pathways while genes downregulated by Cubisbel were potentially controlled by VEGFA, ERBB2 and DUSP2 MRs. Treatment of colon cancer PDTOs with the HDACis resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability and downregulation of stem cell and proliferation markers. CONCLUSIONS Complexation of belinostat to Cu(II) does not alter the HDAC activity of belinostat, but instead significantly enhances its metabolic stability in vitro and targets anti-cancer pathways by perturbing key MRs in colon cancer. Complexation of HDACis to a metal ion might improve the efficacy of clinically used HDACis in patients with colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Finnegan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA
| | - Ziga Ude
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sara Terer
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tadhg McGivern
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna M Blümel
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Grainne Kirwan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xinxin Shao
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Flavia Genua
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Conway Institute, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexander Kel
- GeneXplain GmbH, Wolfenbuettel, Germany
- BIOSOFT.RU, LLC, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SBRAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sarinj Fattah
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Parvathi A Myer
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Darran P O'Connor
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Conway Institute, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gregory Yochum
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17036, USA
| | - Celine J Marmion
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Sudipto Das
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Raouf YS, Sedighi A, Geletu M, Frere GA, Allan RG, Nawar N, de Araujo ED, Gunning PT. Discovery of YSR734: A Covalent HDAC Inhibitor with Cellular Activity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Med Chem 2023; 66:16658-16679. [PMID: 38060537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have emerged as powerful epigenetic modifiers of histone/non-histone proteins via catalyzing the deacetylation of ε-N-acetyl lysines. The dysregulated activity of these Zn2+-dependent hydrolases has been broadly implicated in disease, notably cancer. Clinically, the recurring dose-limiting toxicities of first-generation HDACi sparked a paradigm shift toward safer isoform-specific molecules. With pervasive roles in aggressive diseases, there remains a need for novel approaches to target these enzymes. Herein, we report the discovery of YSR734, a first-in-class covalent HDACi, with a 2-aminobenzanilide Zn2+ chelate and a pentafluorobenzenesulfonamide electrophile. This class I selective proof of concept modified HDAC2Cys274 (catalytic domain), with nM potency against HDAC1-3, sub-μM activity in MV4-11 cells, and limited cytotoxicity in MRC-9 fibroblasts. In C2C12 myoblasts, YSR734 activated muscle-specific biomarkers myogenin/Cav3, causing potent differentiation into myotubes (applications in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy). Current efforts are focused on improving in vivo ADME toward a preclinical covalent HDACi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasir S Raouf
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Abootaleb Sedighi
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Mulu Geletu
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Geordon A Frere
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Rebecca G Allan
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Nabanita Nawar
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Elvin D de Araujo
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Du H, Jiang D, Gao J, Zhang X, Jiang L, Zeng Y, Wu Z, Shen C, Xu L, Cao D, Hou T, Pan P. Proteome-Wide Profiling of the Covalent-Druggable Cysteines with a Structure-Based Deep Graph Learning Network. Research (Wash D C) 2022; 2022:9873564. [PMID: 35958111 PMCID: PMC9343084 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9873564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Covalent ligands have attracted increasing attention due to their unique advantages, such as long residence time, high selectivity, and strong binding affinity. They also show promise for targets where previous efforts to identify noncovalent small molecule inhibitors have failed. However, our limited knowledge of covalent binding sites has hindered the discovery of novel ligands. Therefore, developing in silico methods to identify covalent binding sites is highly desirable. Here, we propose DeepCoSI, the first structure-based deep graph learning model to identify ligandable covalent sites in the protein. By integrating the characterization of the binding pocket and the interactions between each cysteine and the surrounding environment, DeepCoSI achieves state-of-the-art predictive performances. The validation on two external test sets which mimic the real application scenarios shows that DeepCoSI has strong ability to distinguish ligandable sites from the others. Finally, we profiled the entire set of protein structures in the RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB) with DeepCoSI to evaluate the ligandability of each cysteine for covalent ligand design, and made the predicted data publicly available on website.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Du
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
- State Key Lab of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Dejun Jiang
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
- State Key Lab of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Junbo Gao
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Xujun Zhang
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingxiao Jiang
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Yundian Zeng
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenxing Wu
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Shen
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Dongsheng Cao
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410004 Hunan, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
- State Key Lab of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Peichen Pan
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huigens Iii RW, Yang H, Liu K, Kim YS, Jin S. An ether-linked halogenated phenazine-quinone prodrug model for antibacterial applications. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6603-6608. [PMID: 34286808 PMCID: PMC8525319 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01107c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant infections present significant challenges to patients. As a result, there is considerable need for new antibacterial therapies that eradicate pathogenic bacteria through non-conventional mechanisms. Our group has identified a series of halogenated phenazine (HP) agents that induce rapid iron starvation that leads to potent killing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Here, we report the design, chemical synthesis and microbiological assessment of a HP-quinone ether prodrug model aimed to (1) eliminate general (off-target) iron chelation, and (2) release an active HP agent through the bioreduction of a quinone trigger. Here, we demonstrate prodrug analogue HP-29-Q to have a stable ether linkage that enables HP release and moderate to good antibacterial activities against lab strains and multi-drug resistant clinical isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Huigens Iii
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.
| | - Hongfen Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.
| | - Young S Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | - Shouguang Jin
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Troelsen KS, Calder EDD, Skwarska A, Sneddon D, Hammond EM, Conway SJ. Zap-Pano: a Photocaged Prodrug of the KDAC Inhibitor Panobinostat. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3691-3700. [PMID: 34259396 PMCID: PMC9291796 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a light‐activated (caged) prodrug of the KDAC inhibitor panobinostat (Zap‐Pano). We demonstrate that addition of the 4,5‐dimethoxy‐2‐nitrobenzyl group to the hydroxamic acid oxygen results in an inactive prodrug. In two cancer cell lines we show that photolysis of this compound releases panobinostat and an unexpected carboxamide analogue of panobinostat. Photolysis of Zap‐Pano causes an increase in H3K9Ac and H3K18Ac, consistent with KDAC inhibition, in an oesophageal cancer cell line (OE21). Irradiation of OE21 cells in the presence of Zap‐Pano results in apoptotic cell death. This compound is a useful research tool, allowing spatial and temporal control over release of panobinostat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin S Troelsen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.,Department of Oncology, Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.,Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ewen D D Calder
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Anna Skwarska
- Department of Oncology, Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Deborah Sneddon
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Ester M Hammond
- Department of Oncology, Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Stuart J Conway
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Effects of photophysical properties of 1,4-cyclohexadiene derivatives on their [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reactivities: Experimental and theoretical studies. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
7
|
Turner LD, Nielsen AL, Lin L, Pellett S, Sugane T, Olson ME, Johnson EA, Janda KD. Irreversible inhibition of BoNT/A protease: proximity-driven reactivity contingent upon a bifunctional approach. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:960-969. [PMID: 34223161 PMCID: PMC8221255 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00089f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) is categorized as a Tier 1 bioterrorism agent and persists within muscle neurons for months, causing paralysis. A readily available treatment that abrogates BoNT/A's toxicity and longevity is a necessity in the event of a widespread BoNT/A attack and for clinical treatment of botulism, yet remains an unmet need. Herein, we describe a comprehensive warhead screening campaign of bifunctional hydroxamate-based inhibitors for the irreversible inhibition of the BoNT/A light chain (LC). Using the 2,4-dichlorocinnamic hydroxamic acid (DCHA) metal-binding pharmacophore modified with a pendent warhead, a total of 37 compounds, possessing 13 distinct warhead types, were synthesized and evaluated for time-dependent inhibition against the BoNT/A LC. Iodoacetamides, maleimides, and an epoxide were found to exhibit time-dependent inhibition and their k GSH measured as a description of reactivity. The epoxide exhibited superior time-dependent inhibition over the iodoacetamides, despite reacting with glutathione (GSH) 51-fold slower. The proximity-driven covalent bond achieved with the epoxide inhibitor was contingent upon the vital hydroxamate-Zn2+ anchor in placing the warhead in an optimal position for reaction with Cys165. Monofunctional control compounds exemplified the necessity of the bifunctional approach, and Cys165 modification was confirmed through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and ablation of time-dependent inhibitory activity against a C165A variant. Compounds were also evaluated against BoNT/A-intoxicated motor neuron cells, and their cell toxicity, serum stability, and selectivity against matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were characterized. The bifunctional approach allows the use of less intrinsically reactive electrophiles to intercept Cys165, thus expanding the toolbox of potential warheads for selective irreversible BoNT/A LC inhibition. We envision that this dual-targeted strategy is amenable to other metalloproteases that also possess non-catalytic cysteines proximal to the active-site metal center.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis D Turner
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Worm Institute of Research and Medicine (WIRM), Scripps Research 10550 N Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Alexander L Nielsen
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Worm Institute of Research and Medicine (WIRM), Scripps Research 10550 N Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals & Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 2 DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Lucy Lin
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Worm Institute of Research and Medicine (WIRM), Scripps Research 10550 N Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Sabine Pellett
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin 1550 Linden Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Takashi Sugane
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Worm Institute of Research and Medicine (WIRM), Scripps Research 10550 N Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Margaret E Olson
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Worm Institute of Research and Medicine (WIRM), Scripps Research 10550 N Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- College of Pharmacy, Roosevelt University Schaumburg IL 60173 USA
| | - Eric A Johnson
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin 1550 Linden Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Kim D Janda
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Worm Institute of Research and Medicine (WIRM), Scripps Research 10550 N Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ren Y, Li S, Zhu R, Wan C, Song D, Zhu J, Cai G, Long S, Kong L, Yu W. Discovery of STAT3 and Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Dual-Pathway Inhibitors for the Treatment of Solid Cancer. J Med Chem 2021; 64:7468-7482. [PMID: 34043359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, simultaneous inhibition of multiple targets through drug combination is an important anticancer strategy owing to the complex mechanism behind tumorigenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that the inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) will lead to compensated activation of a notorious cancer-related drug target, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), in breast cancer through a cascade, which probably limits the anti-proliferation effect of HDAC inhibitors in solid tumors. By incorporating the pharmacophore of the HDAC inhibitor SAHA (vorinostat) into the STAT3 inhibitor pterostilbene, a series of potent pterostilbene hydroxamic acid derivatives with dual-target inhibition activity were synthesized. An excellent hydroxamate derivate, compound 14, inhibited STAT3 (KD = 33 nM) and HDAC (IC50 = 23.15 nM) with robust potency in vitro. Compound 14 also showed potent anti-proliferation ability in vivo and in vitro. Our study provides the first STAT3 and HDAC dual-target inhibitor for further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1st Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
| | - Chengying Wan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiping Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihui Long
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1st Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenying Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rubio-Ruiz B, Pérez-López AM, Sebastián V, Unciti-Broceta A. A minimally-masked inactive prodrug of panobinostat that is bioorthogonally activated by gold chemistry. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 41:116217. [PMID: 34022529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The recent incorporation of Au chemistry in the bioorthogonal toolbox has opened up new opportunities to deliver biologically independent reactions in living environments. Herein we report that the O-propargylation of the hydroxamate group of the potent HDAC inhibitor panobinostat leads to a vast reduction of its anticancer properties (>500-fold). We also show that this novel prodrug is converted back into panobinostat in the presence of Au catalysts in vitro and in cell culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belén Rubio-Ruiz
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Ana M Pérez-López
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Víctor Sebastián
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER- BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Binding Free Energy (BFE) Calculations and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Analysis of Schistosoma mansoni Histone Deacetylase 8 ( smHDAC8) Inhibitors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092584. [PMID: 33925246 PMCID: PMC8125515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone-modifying proteins have been identified as promising targets to treat several diseases including cancer and parasitic ailments. In silico methods have been incorporated within a variety of drug discovery programs to facilitate the identification and development of novel lead compounds. In this study, we explore the binding modes of a series of benzhydroxamates derivatives developed as histone deacetylase inhibitors of Schistosoma mansoni histone deacetylase (smHDAC) using molecular docking and binding free energy (BFE) calculations. The developed docking protocol was able to correctly reproduce the experimentally established binding modes of resolved smHDAC8–inhibitor complexes. However, as has been reported in former studies, the obtained docking scores weakly correlate with the experimentally determined activity of the studied inhibitors. Thus, the obtained docking poses were refined and rescored using the Amber software. From the computed protein–inhibitor BFE, different quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models could be developed and validated using several cross-validation techniques. Some of the generated QSAR models with good correlation could explain up to ~73% variance in activity within the studied training set molecules. The best performing models were subsequently tested on an external test set of newly designed and synthesized analogs. In vitro testing showed a good correlation between the predicted and experimentally observed IC50 values. Thus, the generated models can be considered as interesting tools for the identification of novel smHDAC8 inhibitors.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang XJ, Liu MH, Luo YS, Han GY, Ma ZQ, Huang F, Wang Y, Miao ZY, Zhang WN, Sheng CQ, Yao JZ. Novel dual-mode antitumor chlorin-based derivatives as potent photosensitizers and histone deacetylase inhibitors for photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 217:113363. [PMID: 33744687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy is a prospective strategy to improve antitumor efficacy. Herein, a series of novel cytotoxic chlorin-based derivatives as dual photosensitizers (PSs) and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) were synthesized and investigated for biological activity. Among them, compound 15e showed definite HDAC2 and 10 inhibitory activities by up-regulating expression of acetyl-H4 and highest phototoxicity and dark-toxicity, which was more phototoxic than Talaporfin as a PS while with stronger dark-toxicity compared to vorinostat (SAHA) as a HDACI. The biological assays demonstrated that 15e was liable to enter A549 cells and localized in mitochondria, lysosomes, golgi and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) etc. multiple organelles, resulting in higher cell apoptosis rate and ROS production compared to Talaporfin. Moreover, it could induce tumor cell autophagy as a dual PS and HDACI. All results suggested that compound 15e could be applied as a potential dual cytotoxic drug for PDT and chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ming-Hui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Yu-Sha Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Gui-Yan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fei Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wan-Nian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chun-Quan Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bhagat SD, Chanchal A, Gujrati M, Banerjee A, Mishra RK, Srivastava A. Implantable HDAC-inhibiting chemotherapeutics derived from hydrophobic amino acids for localized anticancer therapy. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:261-271. [PMID: 33196720 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01417f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic targeting of different cancers by inhibiting particular histone deacetylase (HDAC) isozymes is a promising treatment approach against cancer. Development of locally-implantable molecular inhibitors of HDAC (henceforth called HDACi) promises high tumour site concentration and reduced systemic degradation of the HDACi. Herein, we report the design of such implantable HDACi based on amphiphilic derivatives of hydrophobic amino acids endowed with a hydroxamic acid (hxa)-based zinc-binding residue. The amino acids present in HDACi influenced the HDAC isozyme that could be inhibited most effectively; the l-phenylalanine derivative 4e inhibited the HDAC6 isozyme most potently (IC50 ∼ 88 nM), while the l-isoleucine derivative 4h was most effective against the isozyme HDAC2 (IC50 ∼ 94 nM). We also noticed that the l-Phe derivative 4e was up to 5× more potent towards inhibiting HDAC6 than its optical antipode 4f derived from d-Phe. This was rationalized in terms of the varying extent of penetration of the enantiomeric inhibitors inside the catalytic tunnel of the enzyme. Since the isozymes HDAC6 and HDAC2 are overexpressed in different cancer cells, 4e and 4h elicited selective anticancer activity in different cancer cell lines. Additive therapeutic action of the combination therapy of 4e and 4h was observed on lung cancer cells that overexpress both these isozymes. Further, 4e formed implantable self-assembled hydrogels that achieved sustained and selective killing of cancer cells in the vicinity of implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Dharmaraj Bhagat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Herrlinger E, Hau M, Redhaber DM, Greve G, Willmann D, Steimle S, Müller M, Lübbert M, Miething CC, Schüle R, Jung M. Nitroreductase-Mediated Release of Inhibitors of Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 (LSD1) from Prodrugs in Transfected Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Cells. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2329-2347. [PMID: 32227662 PMCID: PMC7497180 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has evolved as a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment, especially in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). To approach the challenge of site-specific LSD1 inhibition, we developed an enzyme-prodrug system with the bacterial nitroreductase NfsB (NTR) that was expressed in the virally transfected AML cell line THP1-NTR+ . The cellular activity of the NTR was proven with a new luminescent NTR probe. We synthesised a diverse set of nitroaromatic prodrugs that by design do not affect LSD1 and are reduced by the NTR to release an active LSD1 inhibitor. The emerging side products were differentially analysed using negative controls, thereby revealing cytotoxic effects. The 2-nitroimidazolyl prodrug of a potent LSD1 inhibitor emerged as one of the best prodrug candidates with a pronounced selectivity window between wild-type and transfected THP1 cells. Our prodrugs are selectively activated and release the LSD1 inhibitor locally, proving their suitability for future targeting approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva‐Maria Herrlinger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of FreiburgInstitute of Pharmaceutical SciencesAlbertstrasse 2579104FreiburgGermany
| | - Mirjam Hau
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of FreiburgInstitute of Pharmaceutical SciencesAlbertstrasse 2579104FreiburgGermany
- CIBSS – Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgSchänzlestrasse 1879104FreiburgGermany
| | - Desiree Melanie Redhaber
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantationUniversity of Freiburg Medical CenterHugstetter Strasse 5579106FreiburgGermany
| | - Gabriele Greve
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantationUniversity of Freiburg Medical CenterHugstetter Strasse 5579106FreiburgGermany
| | - Dominica Willmann
- Department of Urology and Center for Clinical ResearchUniversity of Freiburg Medical CenterBreisacher Strasse 6679106FreiburgGermany
| | - Simon Steimle
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of FreiburgInstitute of Pharmaceutical SciencesAlbertstrasse 2579104FreiburgGermany
| | - Michael Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of FreiburgInstitute of Pharmaceutical SciencesAlbertstrasse 2579104FreiburgGermany
| | - Michael Lübbert
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantationUniversity of Freiburg Medical CenterHugstetter Strasse 5579106FreiburgGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)FreiburgGermany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
| | - Christoph Cornelius Miething
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantationUniversity of Freiburg Medical CenterHugstetter Strasse 5579106FreiburgGermany
| | - Roland Schüle
- CIBSS – Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgSchänzlestrasse 1879104FreiburgGermany
- Department of Urology and Center for Clinical ResearchUniversity of Freiburg Medical CenterBreisacher Strasse 6679106FreiburgGermany
| | - Manfred Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of FreiburgInstitute of Pharmaceutical SciencesAlbertstrasse 2579104FreiburgGermany
- CIBSS – Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgSchänzlestrasse 1879104FreiburgGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)FreiburgGermany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Histone deacetylase inhibitor based prodrugs. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 203:112628. [PMID: 32679451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a family of enzymes which play important roles in the development and progression of cancers. Inhibition of HDACs has been widely studied as a therapeutic strategy in the discovery of anticancer drugs. HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) have exhibited potency against a variety of cancer types, and four of them have been approved by the US FDA for cancer treatment. However, the clinical benefits of current HDACIs is limited by the insufficient physicochemical property, selectivity and potency. To improve the clinical potential of HDACIs, the prodrug strategy had been utilized to improve the in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic performances of HDACIs. Enhancements in the stability, water solubility, lipophilicity, oral bioavailability and tumor cell selectivity were reported by various studies. Herein, the development of different kinds of HDACI-based prodrug is summarized for the further structural modification of HDACIs with high potential to be drug candidates.
Collapse
|
15
|
Corpas-López V, Tabraue-Chávez M, Sixto-López Y, Panadero-Fajardo S, Alves de Lima Franco F, Domínguez-Seglar JF, Morillas-Márquez F, Franco-Montalbán F, Díaz-Gavilán M, Correa-Basurto J, López-Viota J, López-Viota M, Pérez del Palacio J, de la Cruz M, de Pedro N, Martín-Sánchez J, Gómez-Vidal JA. O-Alkyl Hydroxamates Display Potent and Selective Antileishmanial Activity. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5734-5751. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoriano Corpas-López
- Departamento de Parasitologı́a, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Mavys Tabraue-Chávez
- Departamento de Quı́mica Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Yudibeth Sixto-López
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos y Productos Biotecnológicos, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340 México City, México
| | - Sonia Panadero-Fajardo
- Departamento de Quı́mica Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Alves de Lima Franco
- Departamento de Parasitologı́a, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José F. Domínguez-Seglar
- Departamento de Quı́mica Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Morillas-Márquez
- Departamento de Parasitologı́a, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Franco-Montalbán
- Departamento de Quı́mica Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Mónica Díaz-Gavilán
- Departamento de Quı́mica Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos y Productos Biotecnológicos, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340 México City, México
| | - Julián López-Viota
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnologı́a Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Margarita López-Viota
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnologı́a Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Nuria de Pedro
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Joaquina Martín-Sánchez
- Departamento de Parasitologı́a, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José A. Gómez-Vidal
- Departamento de Quı́mica Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Calder ED, Skwarska A, Sneddon D, Folkes LK, Mistry IN, Conway SJ, Hammond EM. Hypoxia-activated pro-drugs of the KDAC inhibitor vorinostat (SAHA). Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Hamze
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Pharmacie, BioCIS UMR 8076, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu S, Hu Z, Zhang Q, Zhu Q, Chen Y, Lu W. Co-Prodrugs of 7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin and Vorinostat with in Vitro Hydrolysis and Anticancer Effects. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:350-357. [PMID: 31956782 PMCID: PMC6964270 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38) and vorinostat (SAHA) are quite promising combination therapy agents applied to the clinical treatment of cancer. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel SN38-SAHA co-prodrugs, which were conjugated by four different amino acids including glycine, alanine, aminobutyric acid, and 6-aminocaproic acid. The hydrolytic reconversion rate to SN38 and SAHA critically depended on the carbon chain length, which were evaluated in PBS (pH 6.0/7.4) and plasma (human/mouse). With decreasing amino acid chain length, the hydrolytic reconversion rate increased gradually. The in vitro cytotoxicity test was evaluated by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay on the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116. With the evaluation of stability and in vitro cytotoxicity, an appropriate linker was found, and the active drug can be released efficiently from compound 3a, which exhibited strong antiproliferative activity in A549 and HCT-116 cell lines correspondingly. These results indicated that the well-designed co-prodrug 3a and this kind of strategy can be a promising approach for anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxi Liu
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zonglong Hu
- Division
of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiumeng Zhang
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Division
of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
- E-mail: . Tel: +86-21- 62238771 (Q.Z.)
| | - Qiwen Zhu
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- Division
of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
- E-mail: . Tel: +86-21- 50801552 (Y.C.)
| | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- E-mail: . Tel: +86-21- 62238771 (W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Synthesis and biological evaluation of paclitaxel and vorinostat co-prodrugs for overcoming drug resistance in cancer therapy in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1405-1413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
20
|
Chen AY, Adamek RN, Dick BL, Credille CV, Morrison CN, Cohen SM. Targeting Metalloenzymes for Therapeutic Intervention. Chem Rev 2019; 119:1323-1455. [PMID: 30192523 PMCID: PMC6405328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metalloenzymes are central to a wide range of essential biological activities, including nucleic acid modification, protein degradation, and many others. The role of metalloenzymes in these processes also makes them central for the progression of many diseases and, as such, makes metalloenzymes attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Increasing awareness of the role metalloenzymes play in disease and their importance as a class of targets has amplified interest in the development of new strategies to develop inhibitors and ultimately useful drugs. In this Review, we provide a broad overview of several drug discovery efforts focused on metalloenzymes and attempt to map out the current landscape of high-value metalloenzyme targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allie Y Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Rebecca N Adamek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Benjamin L Dick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Cy V Credille
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Christine N Morrison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Seth M Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
A nanodelivered Vorinostat derivative is a promising oral compound for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Pharmacol Res 2019; 139:375-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
22
|
McGivern TJP, Slator C, Kellett A, Marmion CJ. Innovative DNA-Targeted Metallo-prodrug Strategy Combining Histone Deacetylase Inhibition with Oxidative Stress. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5058-5071. [PMID: 30192548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains a global health challenge. There is an urgent need to develop innovative therapeutics that can overcome the shortcomings of existing cancer therapies. DNA enzymes involved in nucleic acid compaction and organization are an attractive cancer drug target for therapeutic exploitation. In this work, a family of Cu(II) prodrugs containing suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a well-established histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) and clinically approved cancer drug, and phenanthrene ligands as DNA intercalative components have been rationally developed. The complexes, of general formula [Cu(SAHA-1H)( N, N'-phenanthrene)]+, exhibit excellent DNA recognition with binding affinity of lead agents in the order of ∼107 M(bp)-1. Biophysical studies involving nucleic acid polymers indicate intercalative binding at both adenine-thymine (A-T) and guanine-cytosine (G-C) rich sequences but thermodynamically stable interactions are favored in G-C tracts. The complexes mediate DNA damage by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) with spin trapping experiments showing that superoxide, the hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide play critical roles in strand scission. The agents were found to have promising antiproliferative effects against a panel of epithelial cancers, and in two representative cell lines possessing mutated p53 (SK-OV-3 and DU145), enhanced cytotoxicity was observed. Significantly, mechanistic experiments with the most promising candidates revealed HDAC inhibition activity was achieved over a shorter time frame as compared to clinical standards with DNA damage-response markers identifying upregulation of both DNA synthesis and nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathways. Finally, confocal imaging and gene expression analysis show this metallodrug class exerts cytotoxic activity predominantly through an apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadhg J P McGivern
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , 123 St. Stephen's Green , Dublin 2 , Ireland.,School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Glasnevin, Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Creina Slator
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Glasnevin, Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Andrew Kellett
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology , Dublin City University , Glasnevin, Dublin 9 , Ireland
| | - Celine J Marmion
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , 123 St. Stephen's Green , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bhagat SD, Singh U, Mishra RK, Srivastava A. An Endogenous Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Activated Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Prodrug for Cancer Chemotherapy. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:2073-2079. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somnath D. Bhagat
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Usha Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Ram Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Aasheesh Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal Bypass Road Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Schiedel M, Conway SJ. Small molecules as tools to study the chemical epigenetics of lysine acetylation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 45:166-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
25
|
Liao Y, Xu L, Ou S, Edwards H, Luedtke D, Ge Y, Qin Z. H 2O 2/Peroxynitrite-Activated Hydroxamic Acid HDAC Inhibitor Prodrugs Show Antileukemic Activities against AML Cells. ACS Med Chem Lett 2018; 9:635-640. [PMID: 30034592 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Occurrence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) results in abundant endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in AML cells and in disease-relevant microenvironments. Histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) prodrug approach was designed accordingly by masking the hydroxamic acid zinc binding group with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)/peroxynitrite (PNT)-sensitive, self-immolative aryl boronic acid moiety. Model prodrugs 5-82 and 5-23 were activated in AML cells to release cytotoxic HDACis, evidenced by inducing acetylation markers and reducing viability of AML cells. Intracellular activation and antileukemic activities of prodrug were increased or decreased by ROS/PNT inducers and scavengers, respectively. Prodrugs 5-82 and 5-23 also enhanced the potency of chemotherapy drug cytarabine, supporting the potentials of this prodrug class in combinatorial treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Siyu Ou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Holly Edwards
- Department of Oncology and the Molecular Therapeutics Program of the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Daniel Luedtke
- Department of Oncology and the Molecular Therapeutics Program of the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Yubin Ge
- Department of Oncology and the Molecular Therapeutics Program of the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Zhihui Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zheng S, Guo S, Zhong Q, Zhang C, Liu J, Yang L, Zhang Q, Wang G. Biocompatible Boron-Containing Prodrugs of Belinostat for the Potential Treatment of Solid Tumors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2018; 9:149-154. [PMID: 29456804 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite promising therapeutic utilities for treatment of hematological malignancies, histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) drugs have not proven as effective in the treatment of solid tumors. To expand the clinical indications of HDACi drugs, we developed novel boron-containing prodrugs of belinostat (2), one of which efficiently releases active 2 through a cascade of reactions in cell culture and demonstrates activities comparable to 2 against a panel of cancer cell lines. Importantly, prodrug 7 is more efficacious than belinostat in vivo, not only inhibiting the growth of tumor but also reducing tumor volumes in an MCF-7 xenograft tumor model owing to its superior biocompatibility, which suggests its clinical potential in the treatment of solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lin Yang
- Chongqing
Medical and Pharmaceutical College, No. 82, Middle Rd, University Town, Chongqing 401331, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yu Z, Cowan JA. Catalytic Metallodrugs: Substrate-Selective Metal Catalysts as Therapeutics. Chemistry 2017; 23:14113-14127. [PMID: 28688119 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Ohio State University; 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - James A. Cowan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Ohio State University; 100 West 18th Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Raji I, Yadudu F, Janeira E, Fathi S, Szymczak L, Kornacki JR, Komatsu K, Li JD, Mrksich M, Oyelere AK. Bifunctional conjugates with potent inhibitory activity towards cyclooxygenase and histone deacetylase. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1202-1218. [PMID: 28057407 PMCID: PMC5291751 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We herein disclose a series of compounds with potent inhibitory activities towards histone deacetylases (HDAC) and cyclooxygenases (COX). These compounds potently inhibited the growth of cancer cell lines consistent with their anti-COX and anti-HDAC activities. While compound 2b showed comparable level of COX-2 selectivity as celecoxib, compound 11b outperformed indomethacin in terms of selectivity towards COX-2 relative to COX-1. An important observation with our lead compounds (2b, 8, 11b, and 17b) is their enhanced cytotoxicity towards androgen dependent prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP) relative to androgen independent prostate cancer cell line (DU-145). Interestingly, compounds 2b and 17b arrested the cell cycle progression of LNCaP in the S-phase, while compound 8 showed a G0/G1 arrest, similar to SAHA. Relative to SAHA, these compounds displayed tumor-selective cytotoxicity as they have low anti-proliferative activity towards healthy cells (VERO); an attribute that makes them attractive candidates for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idris Raji
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA
| | - Fatima Yadudu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA
| | - Emily Janeira
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Shaghayegh Fathi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA
| | - Lindsey Szymczak
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA
| | - James Richard Kornacki
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA
| | - Kensei Komatsu
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, USA
| | - Jian-Dong Li
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, USA
| | - Milan Mrksich
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA
| | - Adegboyega K Oyelere
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Han L, Wang T, Wu J, Yin X, Fang H, Zhang N. A facile route to form self-carried redox-responsive vorinostat nanodrug for effective solid tumor therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:6003-6022. [PMID: 27956831 PMCID: PMC5113930 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s118727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecule-based nanodrugs with nanoparticles (NPs) that are mainly composed of small molecules, have been considered as a promising candidate for a next-generation nanodrug, owing to their unique properties. Vorinostat (SAHA) is a canonical US Food and Drug Administration-approved histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. However, the lack of efficacy against solid tumors hinders its progress in clinical use. Herein, a novel nanodrug of SAHA was developed based on disulfide-linked prodrug SAHA-S-S-VE. SAHA-S-S-VE could self-assemble into 148 nm NPs by disulfide-induced mechanisms, which were validated by molecular dynamics simulations. Under reduced conditions, the redox-responsive behavior of SAHA-S-S-VE was investigated, and the HDAC inhibition results verified the efficient release of free SAHA. With a biocompatible d-a-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) functionalization, the SAHA-S-S-VE/TPGS NPs exhibited low critical aggregation concentration of 4.5 μM and outstanding stability in vitro with drug-loading capacity of 24%. In vitro biological assessment indicated that SAHA-S-S-VE/TPGS NPs had significant anticancer activity against HepG2. Further in vivo evaluation demonstrated that the resulting NPs could be accumulated in the tumor region and inhibit the tumor growth effectively. This approach, which turned SAHA into a self-assembled redox-responsive nanodrug, provided a new channel for the use of HDAC inhibitor in solid tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leiqiang Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingliang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rubio-Ruiz B, Weiss JT, Unciti-Broceta A. Efficient Palladium-Triggered Release of Vorinostat from a Bioorthogonal Precursor. J Med Chem 2016; 59:9974-9980. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Belén Rubio-Ruiz
- Cancer Research
UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K
| | - Jason T. Weiss
- Cancer Research
UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Cancer Research
UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
de Lera AR, Ganesan A. Epigenetic polypharmacology: from combination therapy to multitargeted drugs. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:105. [PMID: 27752293 PMCID: PMC5062873 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The modern drug discovery process has largely focused its attention in the so-called magic bullets, single chemical entities that exhibit high selectivity and potency for a particular target. This approach was based on the assumption that the deregulation of a protein was causally linked to a disease state, and the pharmacological intervention through inhibition of the deregulated target was able to restore normal cell function. However, the use of cocktails or multicomponent drugs to address several targets simultaneously is also popular to treat multifactorial diseases such as cancer and neurological disorders. We review the state of the art with such combinations that have an epigenetic target as one of their mechanisms of action. Epigenetic drug discovery is a rapidly advancing field, and drugs targeting epigenetic enzymes are in the clinic for the treatment of hematological cancers. Approved and experimental epigenetic drugs are undergoing clinical trials in combination with other therapeutic agents via fused or linked pharmacophores in order to benefit from synergistic effects of polypharmacology. In addition, ligands are being discovered which, as single chemical entities, are able to modulate multiple epigenetic targets simultaneously (multitarget epigenetic drugs). These multiple ligands should in principle have a lower risk of drug-drug interactions and drug resistance compared to cocktails or multicomponent drugs. This new generation may rival the so-called magic bullets in the treatment of diseases that arise as a consequence of the deregulation of multiple signaling pathways provided the challenge of optimization of the activities shown by the pharmacophores with the different targets is addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, CINBIO and IIS Galicia Sur, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - A Ganesan
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Boskovic ZV, Kemp MM, Freedy AM, Viswanathan VS, Pop MS, Fuller JH, Martinez NM, Figueroa Lazú SO, Hong JA, Lewis TA, Calarese D, Love JD, Vetere A, Almo SC, Schreiber SL, Koehler AN. Inhibition of Zinc-Dependent Histone Deacetylases with a Chemically Triggered Electrophile. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:1844-51. [PMID: 27064299 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Unbiased binding assays involving small-molecule microarrays were used to identify compounds that display unique patterns of selectivity among members of the zinc-dependent histone deacetylase family of enzymes. A novel, hydroxyquinoline-containing compound, BRD4354, was shown to preferentially inhibit activity of HDAC5 and HDAC9 in vitro. Inhibition of deacetylase activity appears to be time-dependent and reversible. Mechanistic studies suggest that the compound undergoes zinc-catalyzed decomposition to an ortho-quinone methide, which covalently modifies nucleophilic cysteines within the proteins. The covalent nature of the compound-enzyme interaction has been demonstrated in experiments with biotinylated probe compound and with electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zarko V. Boskovic
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Melissa M. Kemp
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Allyson M. Freedy
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Vasanthi S. Viswanathan
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Marius S. Pop
- Koch
Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jason H. Fuller
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Nicole M. Martinez
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Samuel O. Figueroa Lazú
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Jiyoung A. Hong
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Koch
Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Division
of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02116, United States
| | - Timothy A. Lewis
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Daniel Calarese
- Department
of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - James D. Love
- Department
of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Amedeo Vetere
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Steven C. Almo
- Department
of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Stuart L. Schreiber
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Angela N. Koehler
- Center
for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Koch
Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|