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Chen L, Wang K, Liu X, Wang L, Zou H, Hu S, Zhou L, Li R, Cao S, Ruan B, Cui Q. Design, synthesis, in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation of pterostilbene derivatives for anti-inflammation therapy. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2315227. [PMID: 38421003 PMCID: PMC10906133 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2315227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PST) is a naturally derived stilbene compound in grapes, blueberries, and other fruits. It is also a natural dietary compound with a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and so on. Structural modifications based on the chemical scaffold of the pterostilbene skeleton are of great importance for drug discovery. In this study, pterostilbene skeletons were used to design novel anti-inflammatory compounds with high activity and low toxicity. A total of 30 new were found and synthesised, and their anti-inflammatory activity and safety were screened. Among them, compound E2 was the most active (against NO: IC50 = 0.7 μM) than celecoxib. Further studies showed that compound E2 exerted anti-inflammatory activity by blocking LPS-induced NF-κB/MAPK signalling pathway activation. In vivo experiments revealed that compound E2 had a good alleviating effect on acute colitis in mice. In conclusion, compound E2 may be a promising anti-inflammatory lead compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuzeng Chen
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Lifan Wang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zou
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Shuying Hu
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Shiying Cao
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Banfeng Ruan
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Quanren Cui
- Institute of Tobacoo Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, P. R. China
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2
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Maccallini C, Budriesi R, De Filippis B, Amoroso R. Advancements in the Research of New Modulators of Nitric Oxide Synthases Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8486. [PMID: 39126054 PMCID: PMC11313090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been defined as the "miracle molecule" due to its essential pleiotropic role in living systems. Besides its implications in physiologic functions, it is also involved in the development of several disease states, and understanding this ambivalence is crucial for medicinal chemists to develop therapeutic strategies that regulate NO production without compromising its beneficial functions in cell physiology. Although nitric oxide synthase (NOS), i.e., the enzyme deputed to the NO biosynthesis, is a well-recognized druggable target to regulate NO bioavailability, some issues have emerged during the past decades, limiting the progress of NOS modulators in clinical trials. In the present review, we discuss the most promising advancements in the research of small molecules that are able to regulate NOS activity with improved pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles, providing an updated framework of this research field that could be useful for the design and development of new NOS modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Maccallini
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.D.F.); (R.A.)
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Barbara De Filippis
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.D.F.); (R.A.)
| | - Rosa Amoroso
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.D.F.); (R.A.)
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3
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Han T, Sun Y, Zhao C, Wang HY, Yu H, Liu Y. Mitochondrial-Targeted Ratiometric Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probe for Monitoring Nitric Oxide in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Med Chem 2024; 67:4026-4035. [PMID: 38359302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive autoimmune disease, where nitric oxide (NO) is closely implicated in the inflammatory processes of RA. Therefore, direct visualization of NO is essential to assess the pathological changes in RA. Herein, a mitochondrial-targeted near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe (NFL-NH2), based on the intramolecular charge transfer effect, was synthesized and applied to monitor the changes of NO content in early RA. Specially, probe NFL-NH2 showed a 44-fold fluorescent intensity ratio (I705/I780) response toward NO with a detection limit of 0.536 nM, enabling qualitative and quantitative analysis of NO. Additionally, NFL-NH2 can accurately target mitochondria and sensitively detect exogenous and endogenous NO in RAW 264.7 cells. Notably, in vivo RA monitoring assays demonstrated that NFL-NH2 can rapidly detect NO levels associated with the inflammatory damage degree in RA mice models by ratiometric fluorescence imaging. These results validate that NFL-NH2 holds significant potential for diagnosing NO-mediated RA diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Han
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ye Sun
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hui Yu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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4
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Guo HY, Li X, Sang XT, Quan ZS, Shen QK. Design and synthesis of forsythin derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents for acute lung injury. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 267:116223. [PMID: 38342013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a clinically high mortality disease, which has not yet been effectively treated. The development of anti-ALI drugs is imminent. ALI can be effectively treated by inhibiting the inflammatory cascade and reducing the inflammatory response in the lung. Forsythia suspense is a common Chinese herbal medicine with significant anti-inflammatory activity. Using forsythin as the parent, 27 Forsythin derivatives were designed and synthesized, and the anti-AIL activity of these compounds was evaluated. Among them, compound B5 has the best activity to inhibit the release of IL-6, and the inhibition rate reaches 91.79% at 25 μM, which was 7.5 times that of the parent forsythin. In addition, most of the compounds have no significant cytotoxicity in vitro. Further studies showed that compound B5 had a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on NO, IL-6 and TNF-α. And the IC50 values of compound B5 for NO and IL-6 are 10.88 μM and 4.93 μM, respectively. We also found that B5 could significantly inhibit the expression of some immune-related cytotoxic factors, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). In addition, B5 inhibits NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. In vivo experiments showed that B5 could alleviate lung inflammation in LPS-induced ALI mice and inhibit IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2 and iNOS. In summary, B5 has anti-inflammatory effects and alleviates ALI by regulating inflammatory mediators and inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Sang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
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5
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Li X, Hu Y, He B, Li L, Tian Y, Xiao Y, Shang H, Zou Z. Design, synthesis and evaluation of ursodeoxycholic acid-cinnamic acid hybrids as potential anti-inflammatory agents by inhibiting Akt/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115785. [PMID: 37678142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA)-cinnamic acid hybrids were designed and synthesized. The anti-inflammatory activity of these derivatives was screened through evaluating their inhibitory effects of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophages. The preliminary structure-activity relationship was concluded. Among them, 2m showed the best inhibitory activity against NO (IC50 = 7.70 μM) with no significant toxicity. Further study revealed that 2m significantly decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2, down-regulated the expression of iNOS and COX-2. Preliminary mechanism study indicated that the anti-inflammatory activity of 2m was related to the inhibition of the Akt/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, 2m reduced inflammation by a mouse model of LPS-induced inflammatory disease in vivo. In brief, our findings indicated that 2m might serve as a new lead compound for further development of anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bingxin He
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingjie Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hai Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Zhongmei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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6
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Zeiz A, Kawtharani R, Elmasri M, Khawaja G, Hamade E, Habib A, Ayoub AJ, Abarbri M, El-Dakdouki MH. Molecular properties prediction, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of some pyrimido[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-one derivatives. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2023; 14:27688. [PMID: 38505674 PMCID: PMC10945296 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2023.27688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of a novel series of eleven pyrimido[1,2-b]pyridazin-2-one analogues substituted at position 7 were assessed in the current study. Methods The physicochemical characteristics were studied using MolSoft software. The antiproliferative activity was investigated by MTT cell viability assay, and cell cycle analysis elucidated the antiproliferative mechanism of action. Western blot analysis examined the expression levels of key pro-apoptotic (Bax, p53) and pro-survival (Bcl-2) proteins. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by measuring the production levels of nitric oxide in RAW264.7 cells, and the expression levels of COX-2 enzyme in LPS-activated THP-1 cells. In addition, the gene expression of various pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3) was assessed by RT-qPCR. Results Compound 1 bearing a chlorine substituent displayed the highest cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 and MCF-7 cancer cells where IC50 values of 49.35 ± 2.685 and 69.32 ± 3.186 µM, respectively, were achieved. Compound 1 increased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins p53 and Bax while reducing the expression of pro-survival protein Bcl-2. Cell cycle analysis revealed that compound 1 arrested cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Anti-inflammatory assessments revealed that compound 1 displayed the strongest inhibitory activity on NO production with IC50 of 29.94 ± 2.24 µM, and down-regulated the expression of COX-2. Compound 1 also induced a statistically significant decrease in the gene expression of various cytokines and chemokines. Conclusion These findings showed that the pyrimidine derivative 1 displayed potent anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties in vitro, and can be selected as a lead compound for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zeiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon
| | - Ranin Kawtharani
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Lebanese University, Faculty of Science-I, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mirvat Elmasri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghada Khawaja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon
| | - Eva Hamade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aida Habib
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Abeer J. Ayoub
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Abarbri
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l'Energie (PCM2E)., EA 6299. Avenue Monge Faculté des Sciences, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
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7
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Huang JB, Chen ZR, Yang SL, Hong FF. Nitric Oxide Synthases in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114414. [PMID: 37298893 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe joint damage and disability. However, the specific mechanism of RA has not been thoroughly clarified over the past decade. Nitric oxide (NO), a kind of gas messenger molecule with many molecular targets, is demonstrated to have significant roles in histopathology and homeostasis. Three nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are related to producing NO and regulating the generation of NO. Based on the latest studies, NOS/NO signaling pathways play a key role in the pathogenesis of RA. Overproduction of NO can induce the generation and release of inflammatory cytokines and act as free radical gas to accumulate and trigger oxidative stress, which can involve in the pathogenesis of RA. Therefore, targeting NOS and its upstream and downstream signaling pathways may be an effective approach to managing RA. This review clearly summarizes the NOS/NO signaling pathway, the pathological changes of RA, the involvement of NOS/NO in RA pathogenesis and the conventional and novel drugs based on NOS/NO signaling pathways that are still in clinical trials and have good therapeutic potential in recent years, with an aim to provide a theoretical basis for further exploration of the role of NOS/NO in the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bao Huang
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Chen
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344000, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Diseases, Fuzhou Medical University, Fuzhou 344000, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Chronic Disease Research in Fuzhou City, Fuzhou Science and Technology Bureau, Fuzhou 344000, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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Zhang Z, Wang A, Wang Y, Sun W, Zhou X, Xu Q, Mao L, Zhang J. Canthin-6-Ones: Potential Drugs for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases by Targeting Multiple Inflammatory Mediators. Molecules 2023; 28:3381. [PMID: 37110614 PMCID: PMC10141368 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory disease (CID) is a category of medical conditions that causes recurrent inflammatory attacks in multiple tissues. The occurrence of CID is related to inappropriate immune responses to normal tissue substances and invading microbes due to many factors, such as defects in the immune system and imbalanced regulation of commensal microbes. Thus, effectively keeping the immune-associated cells and their products in check and inhibiting aberrant activation of the immune system is a key strategy for the management of CID. Canthin-6-ones are a subclass of β-carboline alkaloids isolated from a wide range of species. Several emerging studies based on in vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that canthin-6-ones may have potential therapeutic effects on many inflammatory diseases. However, no study has yet summarized the anti-inflammatory functions and the underlying mechanisms of this class of compounds. This review provides an overview of these studies, focusing on the disease entities and the inflammatory mediators that have been shown to be affected by canthin-6-ones. In particular, the major signaling pathways affected by canthin-6-ones, such as the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and the NF-κB signaling pathway, and their roles in several CIDs are discussed. Moreover, we discuss the limitations in studies of canthin-6-ones and provide possible solutions. In addition, a perspective that may suggest possible future research directions is provided. This work may be helpful for further mechanistic studies and possible therapeutic applications of canthin-6-ones in the treatment of CID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongying Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yunhan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Weichen Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Qiuyun Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Liming Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
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9
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Xiao Y, Yan Y, Du J, Feng X, Zhang F, Han X, Hu Y, Liu X. Novel 2-phenyl-4H-chromen derivatives: synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity evaluation in vitro and in vivo. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2589-2597. [PMID: 36128868 PMCID: PMC9518258 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2124983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is significant to design, synthesise and optimise flavonoid derivatives with better anti-inflammatory activity. This study aims to design and synthesise a series of novel 2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one compounds with anti-inflammatory; among them, compound 8 was discovered as the best one. And then, the effects of compound 8 on the TLR4/MAPK signalling pathway was carried out in vivo, the results indicated that compound 8 could downregulate NO, IL-6, and TNF-α expression, and suppress LPS-induced inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/MAPK pathways. Furthermore, compound 8 reduced inflammation by a mouse model of LPS-induced inflammatory disease in vivo. The results suggest that compound 8 has the potential against inflammation through regulating TLR4/MAPK pathway and can be assessed further for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Juncheng Du
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Famin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xu Han
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yong Hu
- Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
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10
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Xu S, Liu Y, Wang Z, He A, Jin G. Symmetry dual functional pyrimidine-BODIPY probes for imaging targeting and activity study. Front Chem 2022; 10:977008. [PMID: 36204148 PMCID: PMC9530934 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.977008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nondestructive diagnosis of tumor has always been the goal of scientists. Fluorescent dyes have become the rising star in the field of cancer diagnosis because of their excellent characteristics. Therefore, in this work, fluorescence probes d-Y-B and dO-Y-B with anti-tumor activity were constructed by introducing pyrimidine groups with high anti-tumor activity using fluorescence dye BODIPY as parent nucleus. The modified BODIPY group in the structure had the advantage of fluorescent dye, ensuring the strong fluorescence and photosensitivity of the target compound. That ethylenediamine acts as a bridge with two -NH- groups to increase molecular hydrogen bonding, and can bind firmly to multiple proteins. Co-localization of the target compounds d-Y-B and dO-Y-B with the hoechst dye for labeling living cells showed that these compounds had high biocompatibility and photostability for localization to HeLa cells. In vivo imaging in mice can realize specific localization and real-time visualization of tumor cells. The results of cytotoxicity experiments in vitro and computer software simulating molecular docking confirmed the potential of the target compounds as an anticancer agents. The bifunctional probe realized visualization of cancer cells in mice, and can kill cancer cells by anti-proliferation, which may provide a direction for future anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Xu
- The People’s Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- College of Vanadium and Titanium, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, China
| | - Aolin He
- Affiliated Kunshan Hospital, Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guofan Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Guofan Jin,
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11
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Lusardi M, Profumo A, Rotolo C, Iervasi E, Rosano C, Spallarossa A, Ponassi M. Regioselective Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Antiproliferative Activity of Novel Tetra-Substituted Phenylaminopyrazole Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185814. [PMID: 36144549 PMCID: PMC9502416 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A small library of highly functionalized phenylaminopyrazoles, bearing different substituents at position 1, 3, and 4 of the pyrazole ring, was prepared by the one-pot condensation of active methylene reagents, phenylisothiocyanate, and substituted hydrazine (namely, methyl- and benzyl-hydrazine). The identified reaction conditions proved to be versatile and efficient. Furthermore, the evaluation of alternative stepwise protocols affected the chemo- and regio-selectivity outcome of the one-pot procedure. The chemical identities of two N-methyl pyrazole isomers, selected as prototypes of the whole series, were unambiguously identified by means of NMR and mass spectrometry studies. Additionally, semiempirical calculations provided a structural rationale for the different chromatographic behavior of the two isomers. The prepared tetra-substituted phenylaminopyrazoles were tested in cell-based assays on a panel of cancer and normal cell lines. The tested compounds did not show any cytotoxic effect on the selected cell lines, thus supporting their pharmaceutical potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lusardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Aldo Profumo
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Rotolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Erika Iervasi
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Camillo Rosano
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Spallarossa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Marco Ponassi
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
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Ruan B, Tang X, Guo W, Hu Y, Chen L. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Phthalide Analogs-1,2,4-Oxadiazole Hybrids as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200039. [PMID: 35794072 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel pathalide-1,2,4-oxadiazole analogs were synthesized for discovering novel anti-inflammatory agents. After the assessment of their cytotoxicity in vitro, all compounds had been screened for their anti-inflammatory activity by evaluating their inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. SARs had been concluded, and finally compound E13 was found to be the most potent compound. This compound could also significantly decrease the production of iNOS and COX-2. Preliminary mechanism studies indicated that compound E13 could inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB and ERK/p38 signaling pathways. These findings indicate that E13 holds great potential to be a lead compound for discovering novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banfeng Ruan
- Key Lab of Biofabrication of Anhui Higher Education, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Tang
- Key Lab of Biofabrication of Anhui Higher Education, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Weiyun Guo
- Key Lab of Biofabrication of Anhui Higher Education, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Yong Hu
- Agro-products Processing Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230001, P. R. China
| | - Liuzeng Chen
- Key Lab of Biofabrication of Anhui Higher Education, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
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13
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Ebenezer O, Shapi M, Tuszynski JA. A Review of the Recent Development in the Synthesis and Biological Evaluations of Pyrazole Derivatives. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051124. [PMID: 35625859 PMCID: PMC9139179 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrazoles are five-membered heterocyclic compounds that contain nitrogen. They are an important class of compounds for drug development; thus, they have attracted much attention. In the meantime, pyrazole derivatives have been synthesized as target structures and have demonstrated numerous biological activities such as antituberculosis, antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory. This review summarizes the results of published research on pyrazole derivatives synthesis and biological activities. The published research works on pyrazole derivatives synthesis and biological activities between January 2018 and December 2021 were retrieved from the Scopus database and reviewed accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwakemi Ebenezer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban 4026, South Africa; (O.E.); (M.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Michael Shapi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban 4026, South Africa; (O.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Jack A. Tuszynski
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, (DIMEAS), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence:
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14
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Wu L, Wang Z, Hou Z, Zheng L, Gu Z. Exosomal MicroRNA-23-5p Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Relieves Inflammatory Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the mechanism underlying microRNA-23-5p from exosomes (exo-miR-23-5p) of BMSCs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The candidate related genes of miR-23-5p were screened in RA by bioinformatics analysis through gain- and loss-function method along with analysis of histopathological
changes in mice and RAC2 expression as well as the level of pro-inflammatory factors. In vivo RA model was established to detect miR-23-5p’s effect on RA. miR-23-5p level was significantly reduced in RA cells and RAC2 was highly expressed. Expression of RAC2 was inhibited and
targeted by miR-23-5p in RA. Exo-miR-23-5p treatment effectively alleviated joint destruction, reduced inflammatory factor secretion in tissues and serum, as well as decreased RAC2 expression in RA model. In conclusion, the miR-23-5p in the BMSC-exo delays the inflammatory response in RA,
indicating that it might be a new target for treating RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 903 Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310004, China
| | - Zui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 903 Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310004, China
| | - Zhenhai Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 903 Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310004, China
| | - Longbao Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 903 Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310004, China
| | - Zenghui Gu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 903 Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310004, China
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15
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The enhanced mitochondrial dysfunction by cantleyoside confines inflammatory response and promotes apoptosis of human HFLS-RA cell line via AMPK/Sirt 1/NF-κB pathway activation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112847. [PMID: 35364376 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cantleyoside (CA) is a kind of iridoid glycosides in Pterocephalus hookeri (C. B. Clarke) Höeck. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CA on human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast synovial cells (HFLS-RA). METHODS Cell proliferation of HFLS-RA was assessed by CCK-8. ELISA was used to detect cytokines NO, TNF-α, IL-1β/6, MCP-1, MMP-1/3/9 and metabolism-related ATPase activities and ATP levels. JC-1, DCFH-DA, Fluo-3 AM and Calcein AM probes were used to detect mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+ and mitochondrial permeability conversion pore (MPTP), respectively. Isolated mitochondria assay was used to detect mitochondrial swelling. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR), extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and real-time ATP production were measured using a Seahorse analyzer. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL and Hoechst staining. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of AMPK/p-AMPK, Sirt 1, IκBα, NF-κB p65/p-NF-κB p65, Bcl-2 and Bax. Cytoplasmic nuclear isolation was also performed to detect the translocation of NF-κB. RESULTS CA significantly suppressed cell proliferation and the levels of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β/6, MCP-1 and MMP-1/3/9 in HFLS-RA. In addition, CA promoted the apoptosis of HFLS-RA by increasing TUNEL and Hoechst positive cells and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Inhibition of energy metabolism in HFLS-RA by CA reduced OCR, ECAR and real-time ATP generation rate. Importantly, CA promoted p-AMPK and Sirt 1 expression, inhibited IκBα degradation to reduce p-NF-κB and translocation. CONCLUSION The results suggest that CA activates the AMPK/Sirt 1/NF-κB pathway by promoting mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects.
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16
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Bian M, Ma QQ, Wu Y, Du HH, Guo-Hua G. Small molecule compounds with good anti-inflammatory activity reported in the literature from 01/2009 to 05/2021: a review. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:2139-2159. [PMID: 34628990 PMCID: PMC8516162 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1984903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and disease are closely related. Inflammation can induce various diseases, and diseases can promote inflammatory response, and two possibly induces each other in a bidirectional loop. Inflammation is usually treated using synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs which are associated with several adverse effects hence are not safe for long-term use. Therefore, there is need for anti-inflammatory drugs which are not only effective but also safe. Several researchers have devoted to the research and development of effective anti-inflammatory drugs with little or no side effects. In this review, we studied some small molecules with reported anti-inflammatory activities and hence potential sources of anti-inflammatory agents. The information was retrieved from relevant studies published between January 2019 and May, 2021 for review. This review study was aimed to provide relevant information towards the design and development of effective and safe anti-inflammation agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Bian
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Inner Mongolia, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Qian-Qian Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Inner Mongolia, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yun Wu
- First Clinical Medical of Inner, Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Huan-Huan Du
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Inner Mongolia, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Gong Guo-Hua
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Inner Mongolia, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China.,First Clinical Medical of Inner, Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
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17
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Zhu LQ, Fan XH, Li JF, Chen JH, Liang Y, Hu XL, Ma SM, Hao XY, Shi T, Wang Z. Discovery of a novel inhibitor of nitric oxide production with potential therapeutic effect on acute inflammation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 44:128106. [PMID: 33991630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation as a host's excessive immune response to stimulation, is involved in the development of numerous diseases. To discover novel anti-inflammatory agents and based on our previous synthetic work on marine natural product Chrysamide B, it and a series of derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on inhibition of LPS-induced NO production. Then the preliminary structure-activity relationships were conducted. Among them, Chrysamide B is the most potent anti-inflammatory agent with low cytotoxicity and strong inhibition on the production of NO (IC50 = 0.010 μM) and the activity of iNOS (IC50 = 0.082 μM) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Primary studies suggested that the mechanism of action may be that it interfered the formation of active dimeric iNOS but not affected transcription and translation. Furthermore, its good performance of anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-induced multiple inflammatory cytokines production, carrageenan-induced paw edema, and endotoxin-induced septic mice, was observed. We believe that these findings would provide an idea for the further modification and research of these analogs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Qing Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jun-Fang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jin-Hong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shu-Meng Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiang-Yong Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tao Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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18
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Hu Q, Shi J, Zhang J, Wang Y, Guo Y, Zhang Z. Progress and Prospects of Regulatory Functions Mediated by Nitric Oxide on Immunity and Immunotherapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Jingyu Shi
- Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430077 China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Yi Wang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430077 China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Centre for Nanomedicine, Hubei Engineering Research Centre for Novel Drug Delivery System Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
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19
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Rashid HU, Martines MAU, Duarte AP, Jorge J, Rasool S, Muhammad R, Ahmad N, Umar MN. Research developments in the syntheses, anti-inflammatory activities and structure-activity relationships of pyrimidines. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6060-6098. [PMID: 35423143 PMCID: PMC8694831 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10657g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrimidines are aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of the six-membered ring. Numerous natural and synthetic pyrimidines are known to exist. They display a range of pharmacological effects including antioxidants, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antituberculosis, and anti-inflammatory. This review sums up recent developments in the synthesis, anti-inflammatory effects, and structure-activity relationships (SARs) of pyrimidine derivatives. Numerous methods for the synthesis of pyrimidines are described. Anti-inflammatory effects of pyrimidines are attributed to their inhibitory response versus the expression and activities of certain vital inflammatory mediators namely prostaglandin E2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor κB, leukotrienes, and some interleukins. Literature studies reveal that a large number of pyrimidines exhibit potent anti-inflammatory effects. SARs of numerous pyrimidines have been discussed in detail. Several possible research guidelines and suggestions for the development of new pyrimidines as anti-inflammatory agents are also given. Detailed SAR analysis and prospects together provide clues for the synthesis of novel pyrimidine analogs possessing enhanced anti-inflammatory activities with minimum toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Ur Rashid
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande MS Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | | | | | - Juliana Jorge
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande MS Brazil
| | - Shagufta Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Riaz Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Nasir Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed Umar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand Chakdara, Dir (L) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
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20
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Chen LZ, Shu HY, Wu J, Yu YL, Ma D, Huang X, Liu MM, Liu XH, Shi JB. Discovery and development of novel pyrimidine and pyrazolo/thieno-fused pyrimidine derivatives as potent and orally active inducible nitric oxide synthase dimerization inhibitor with efficacy for arthritis. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 213:113174. [PMID: 33515864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to discover and develop drug-like anti-inflammatory agents against arthritis, based on "Hit" we found earlier and to overcome drawbacks of toxicity, twelve series of total 89 novel pyrimidine, pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine and thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives were designed, synthesized and screened for their anti-inflammatory activity against NO and toxicity for normal liver cells (LO2). Relationships of balance toxicity and activity have been summarized through multi-steps, and title compounds 22o, 22l were found to show lower toxicity (against LO2: IC50 = 2934, 2301 μM, respectively) and potent effect against NO release (IR = 98.3, 97.67%, at 10 μM, respectively). Furthermore, compound 22o showed potent iNOS inhibitory activity with value of IC50 is 0.96 μM and could interfere stability and formation of the active dimeric iNOS. It's anti-inflammatory activity in vivo was assessed by AIA rat model. Furthermore, the results of metabolic stability, CYP, PK study in vivo, acute toxicity study and subacute toxicity assessment indicated this compound had good drug-like properties for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR China
| | - Hai Yang Shu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yun Long Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR China
| | - Duo Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR China
| | - Ming Ming Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR China
| | - Xin Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR China.
| | - Jing Bo Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, PR China.
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21
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Wu M, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Wang M, Liu T, Han J, Li J, Li Z. Biological evaluation of 7-O-amide hesperetin derivatives as multitarget-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 334:109350. [PMID: 33307048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of 7-O-amide hesperetin derivatives were subjected to multi-target biological evaluation of anti-Alzheimer's disease. Most of the compounds showed good in vitro inhibitory activity against cholinesterase, of which compound 7c (7-O-(4-(morpholinoethyl)-acetamide) hesperetin) was the most effective anti-eqBuChE derivative (IC50 = 0.28 ± 0.05 μM) and exerted neuroprotective effects. Further biological evaluation found that compounds 4d, 4e and 7c showed strong antioxidant, anti-Aβ self-aggregation and anti-neuroinflammatory activities. Compound 7c could inhibit the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins and prevent LPS-induced inflammatory response in BV2 cells. In addition, compound 7c could chelate biometal ions such as Cu2+ and Zn2+. In the vivo study, the MWM test confirmed that compound 7c could improve the cognitive impairment caused by scopolamine. In summary, the above studies have shown that the optimized compound 7c has great development potential as MTDL for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yilong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Min Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jianfei Han
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Zeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
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22
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Hu YS, Han X, Yu PJ, Jiao MM, Liu XH, Shi JB. Novel paeonol derivatives: Design, synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103735. [PMID: 32171986 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Paeonol has been proved to have potential anti-inflammatory activity, but its clinical application is not extensive due to the poor anti-inflammatory activity (14.74% inhibitory activity at 20 μM). In order to discover novel lead compound with high anti-inflammatory activity, series of paeonol derivatives were designed and synthesized, their anti-inflammatory activities were screened in vitro and in vivo. Structure-activity relationships (SARs) have been fully concluded, and finally (E)-N-(4-(2-acetyl-5-methoxyphenoxy)phenyl)-3-(3,4,5-trimet-hoxyphenyl)acrylamide (compound 11a) was found to be the best active compound with low toxicity, which showed 96.32% inhibitory activity at 20 μM and IC50 value of 6.96 μM against LPS-induced over expression of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Preliminary mechanism studies indicated that it could inhibit the expression of TLR4, resulting in inhibiting of NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Further studies have shown that compound 11a has obvious therapeutic effect against the adjuvant-induced rat arthritis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sheng Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Xu Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Pei Jing Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Ming Ming Jiao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Xin Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.
| | - Jing Bo Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.
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23
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Liu C, Han X, Yu PJ, Chen LZ, Xue W, Liu XH. Synthesis and biological evaluation of myricetin-pentadienone hybrids as potential anti-inflammatory agents in vitro and in vivo. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103597. [PMID: 32028063 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Some important pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide are thought to play key roles in the destruction of cartilage and bone tissue in joints affected by rheumatoid arthritis. In the present study, a series of new myricetin-pentadienone hybrids were designed and synthesized. Majority of them effectively inhibited the expressions liposaccharide-induced secretion of IL-6, TNF-α and NO in RAW264.7. The most prominent compound 5o could significantly decrease production of above inflammatory factors with IC50 values of 5.22 µM, 8.22 µM and 9.31 µM, respectively. Preliminary mechanism studies indicated that it could inhibit the expression of thioredoxin reductase, resulting in inhibiting of cell signaling pathway nuclear factor (N-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases. Significantly, compound 5o was found to effectively inhibit Freund's complete adjuvant induced rat adjuvant arthritis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China
| | - Xu Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Pei Jing Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Liu Zeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Wei Xue
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
| | - Xin Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.
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Guo WY, Chen LZ, Shen BN, Liu XH, Tai GP, Li QS, Gao L, Ruan BF. Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of novel 4-ferrocenylchroman-2-one derivatives. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 34:1678-1689. [PMID: 31530032 PMCID: PMC6758610 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1664499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 4-ferrocenylchroman-2-one derivatives were designed and synthesised to discover potent anti-inflammatory agents for treatment of arthritis. All the target compounds had been screened for their anti-inflammatory activity by evaluating the inhibition effect of LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Among them, 4-ferrocenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[g]chromen-2-one (3h) was found to be the most potent compound in inhibiting the productions of NO with low toxicity. This compound also exhibited significant inhibition of the productions of IL-6 and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Preliminary mechanism studies indicated that compound 3h could inhibit the activation of LPS-induced NF-κB and MAPKs signalling pathways. The in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of this compound was determined in the rat adjuvant-induced arthritis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yun Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , PR China
| | - Liu-Zeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , PR China
| | - Bang-Nian Shen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , PR China
| | - Xin-Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , PR China
| | - Guang-Ping Tai
- Key Lab of Biofabrication of Anhui Higher Education Institution Centre for Advanced Biofabrication, Hefei University , Hefei , PR China
| | - Qing-Shan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , PR China
| | - Li Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , PR China
| | - Ban-Feng Ruan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , PR China
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Minhas R, Bansal Y, Bansal G. Inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors: A comprehensive update. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:823-855. [PMID: 31502681 DOI: 10.1002/med.21636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is expressed in response to bacterial/proinflammatory stimuli, generates nitric oxide (NO) that provides cytoprotection. Overexpression of iNOS increases the levels of NO, and this increased NO level is implicated in pathophysiology of complex multifactorial diseases like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Selective inhibition of iNOS is an effective approach in treatment of such complex diseases. l-Arginine, being a substrate for iNOS, is the natural lead to develop iNOS inhibitors. More than 200 research reports on development of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors by different research groups across the globe have appeared in literature so far. The first review on iNOS, in 2002, discussed the iNOS inhibitors under two classes that is, amino acid and non-amino acid derivatives. Other review articles discussing specific chemical classes of iNOS inhibitors also appeared during last decade. In the present review, all reports on both natural and synthetic iNOS inhibitors, published 2002 onwards, are studied, classified, and discussed to provide comprehensive information on iNOS inhibitors. The synthetic inhibitors are broadly classified into two categories that is, arginine and non-arginine analogs. The latter are further classified into amidines, five- or six-membered heterocyclics, fused cyclics, steroidal type, and chalcones analogs. Structures of the most/significantly potent compounds from each report are provided to know the functional groups important for incurring iNOS inhibitory activity and selectivity. This review is aimed to provide a comprehensive view to the medicinal chemists for rational designing of novel and potent iNOS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Minhas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Yogita Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Gulshan Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Novel resveratrol-based flavonol derivatives: Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 175:114-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Wang BS, Huang X, Chen LZ, Liu MM, Shi JB. Design and synthesis of novel pyrazolo[4,3- d]pyrimidines as potential therapeutic agents for acute lung injury. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1121-1130. [PMID: 31117832 PMCID: PMC6534230 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1618291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Four series of total 35 new pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine compounds were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages. Among them, compound 4e was found to be the most potent inhibitor, which decreased the production of cytokines in vitro, such as NO, IL-6 and TNF-α, with IC50 values of 2.64, 4.38 and 5.63 μM, respectively. Further studies showed that compound 4e inhibited cytokines secretion of macrophages through suppressing TLR4/p38 signaling pathway. Additionally, compound 4e showed in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced model of acute lung injury. These data suggested that compound 4e may be a promising lead structure for the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Shi Wang
- a School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- a School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Zeng Chen
- a School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Ming Liu
- a School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Bo Shi
- a School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
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