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Bulcock BW, Chen R, Lacey E, Chooi YH, Flematti GR. Ether-Diol Ambiguity: An Inconspicuous Issue in the Structure Elucidation of Oxygenated Natural Products. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024. [PMID: 39129216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Tertiary and allylic hydroxyl groups readily eliminate water during positive ion mode mass spectrometry and may show similar NMR spectra to their corresponding ethers. In a routine structure elucidation workflow, these factors can cause researchers to incorrectly assign diol moieties as ethers or vice versa, leading to inaccurate chemical structures. After facing this problem during our work on oxygenated sesquiterpenoids from a Fusarium sp. fungal strain, we became aware of this challenging issue. We examined the literature for oxygenated natural products bearing these functional groups, and with the aid of density functional calculations of NMR chemical shifts, we now report the structures of 15 natural products that should be revised. We further establish that derivatizing sub-micromolar amounts of alcohols to their sulfates can be used to distinguish these from their corresponding ethers using liquid chromatography negative ion mode mass spectrometry. Finally, we isolated lignoren/cyclonerodiol from the Fusarium sp. culture extract and supported its revised identity as cyclonerodiol using this sulfation approach. Our results suggest that ether-diol ambiguity could be a prevalent issue affecting the structure elucidation of oxygenated natural products and highlight the importance of using complementary techniques, such as sulfation with LC-(-)-ESI-MS or density functional calculations of NMR chemical shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brodie W Bulcock
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Rachel Chen
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty. Ltd., Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia
| | - Ernest Lacey
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty. Ltd., Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia
| | - Yit-Heng Chooi
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Gavin R Flematti
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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2
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Chen M, Xia L, Wu C, Wang Z, Ding L, Xie Y, Feng W, Chen Y. Microbe-material hybrids for therapeutic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8306-8378. [PMID: 39005165 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00655g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
As natural living substances, microorganisms have emerged as useful resources in medicine for creating microbe-material hybrids ranging from nano to macro dimensions. The engineering of microbe-involved nanomedicine capitalizes on the distinctive physiological attributes of microbes, particularly their intrinsic "living" properties such as hypoxia tendency and oxygen production capabilities. Exploiting these remarkable characteristics in combination with other functional materials or molecules enables synergistic enhancements that hold tremendous promise for improved drug delivery, site-specific therapy, and enhanced monitoring of treatment outcomes, presenting substantial opportunities for amplifying the efficacy of disease treatments. This comprehensive review outlines the microorganisms and microbial derivatives used in biomedicine and their specific advantages for therapeutic application. In addition, we delineate the fundamental strategies and mechanisms employed for constructing microbe-material hybrids. The diverse biomedical applications of the constructed microbe-material hybrids, encompassing bioimaging, anti-tumor, anti-bacteria, anti-inflammation and other diseases therapy are exhaustively illustrated. We also discuss the current challenges and prospects associated with the clinical translation of microbe-material hybrid platforms. Therefore, the unique versatility and potential exhibited by microbe-material hybrids position them as promising candidates for the development of next-generation nanomedicine and biomaterials with unique theranostic properties and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Lili Xia
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Chenyao Wu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Center of Interventional Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Yujie Xie
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
- Shanghai Institute of Materdicine, Shanghai 200051, P. R. China
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3
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Kaszecki E, Palberg D, Grant M, Griffin S, Dhanjal C, Capperauld M, Emery RJN, Saville BJ. Euglena mutabilis exists in a FAB consortium with microbes that enhance cadmium tolerance. Int Microbiol 2024; 27:1249-1268. [PMID: 38167969 PMCID: PMC11300505 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthetic algal-fungal and algal-bacterial cultures have been investigated as a means to enhance the technological applications of the algae. This inclusion of other microbes has enhanced growth and improved stress tolerance of the algal culture. The goal of the current study was to investigate natural microbial consortia to gain an understanding of the occurrence and benefits of these associations in nature. The photosynthetic protist Euglena mutabilis is often found in association with other microbes in acidic environments with high heavy metal (HM) concentrations. This may suggest that microbial interactions are essential for the protist's ability to tolerate these extreme environments. Our study assessed the Cd tolerance of a natural fungal-algal-bacterial (FAB) association whereby the algae is E. mutabilis. RESULTS This study provides the first assessment of antibiotic and antimycotic agents on an E. mutabilis culture. The results indicate that antibiotic and antimycotic applications significantly decreased the viability of E. mutabilis cells when they were also exposed to Cd. Similar antibiotic treatments of E. gracilis cultures had variable or non-significant impacts on Cd tolerance. E. gracilis also recovered better after pre-treatment with antibiotics and Cd than did E. mutabilis. The recoveries were assessed by heterotrophic growth without antibiotics or Cd. In contrast, both Euglena species displayed increased chlorophyll production upon Cd exposure. PacBio full-length amplicon sequencing and targeted Sanger sequencing identified the microbial species present in the E. mutabilis culture to be the fungus Talaromyces sp. and the bacterium Acidiphilium acidophilum. CONCLUSION This study uncovers a possible fungal, algal, and bacterial relationship, what we refer to as a FAB consortium. The members of this consortium interact to enhance the response to Cd exposure. This results in a E. mutabilis culture that has a higher tolerance to Cd than the axenic E. gracilis. The description of this interaction provides a basis for explore the benefits of natural interactions. This will provide knowledge and direction for use when creating or maintaining FAB interactions for biotechnological purposes, including bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Kaszecki
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Palberg
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Mikaella Grant
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Griffin
- Forensic Science Department, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Chetan Dhanjal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - R J Neil Emery
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Barry J Saville
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada.
- Forensic Science Department, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada.
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Vineeth VK, Babu S, Reshma TR, Philip S, Prem E. Exhaustive identification and characterization of Colletotrichum siamense and Colletotrichum fructicola as causative agents of circular leaf spot disease of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) in India. Fungal Biol 2024; 128:1907-1916. [PMID: 39059846 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is one of the major domesticated crops planted commercially for the production of natural rubber (NR) worldwide. In recent years, rubber trees in the Southern states of India and other rubber-producing countries have experienced a severe leaf spot disease, characterized by the appearance of several brown circular spots in the initial stage, which later spread all over the lamina of fully matured leaves, leading to yellowing and defoliation. The causal organism of this Circular Leaf Spot (CLS) disease has not been conclusively identified in any previous studies. In this study, we collected infected leaf samples from various locations in the South Indian states. We aimed to identify the actual fungal pathogen that causes the CLS disease on rubber trees. Based on the morphological and molecular analysis of the most frequently isolated fungi from infected leaf samples were identified as Colletotrichum siamense and Colletotrichum fructicola. Pathogenicity tests also confirmed the involvement of isolated Colletotrichum spp. in the development of CLS disease. These findings provide valuable insights into understanding the CLS disease and its impact on rubber cultivation. To our knowledge, it is the first report of C. siamense and C. fructicola associated with CLS disease of rubber trees in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Vineeth
- Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam, Kerala, 686009, India.
| | - Shilpa Babu
- Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam, Kerala, 686009, India.
| | - T R Reshma
- Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam, Kerala, 686009, India.
| | - Shaji Philip
- Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam, Kerala, 686009, India.
| | - Edwin Prem
- Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam, Kerala, 686009, India.
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González Álvarez Á, Martinez I Quer A, Ellegaard-Jensen L, Sapkota R, Carvalho PN, Johansen A. Fungal removal of cyanotoxins in constructed wetlands: The forgotten degraders. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172590. [PMID: 38642746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms have increased globally, releasing hazardous cyanotoxins that threaten the safety of water resources. Constructed wetlands (CWs) are a nature-based and low-cost solution to purify and remove cyanotoxins from water. However, bio-mechanistic understanding of the biotransformation processes expected to drive cyanotoxin removal in such systems is poor, and primarily focused on bacteria. Thus, the present study aimed at exploring the fungal contribution to microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin biodegradation in CWs. Based on CW mesocosms, two experimental approaches were taken: a) amplicon sequencing studies were conducted to investigate the involvement of the fungal community; and b) CW fungal isolates were tested for their microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin degradation capabilities. The data uncovered effects of seasonality (spring or summer), cyanotoxin exposure, vegetation (unplanted, Juncus effusus or Phragmites australis) and substratum (sand or gravel) on the fungal community structure. Additionally, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus and the endophyte Myrmecridium showed positive correlations with cyanotoxin removal. Fungal isolates revealed microcystin-LR-removal potentials of approximately 25 % in in vitro biodegradation experiments, while the extracellular chemical fingerprint of the cultures suggested a potential intracellular metabolization. The results from this study may help us understand the fungal contribution to cyanotoxin removal, as well as their ecology in CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela González Álvarez
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Alba Martinez I Quer
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Lea Ellegaard-Jensen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rumakanta Sapkota
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Pedro N Carvalho
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Anders Johansen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Srivastava M, Kumari M, Karn SK, Bhambri A, Mahale VG, Mahale S. Submerged cultivation and phytochemical analysis of medicinal mushrooms ( Trametes sp.). FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2024; 5:1414349. [PMID: 38919599 PMCID: PMC11196847 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2024.1414349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Mushrooms are widely available around the world and have various nutritional as well as therapeutic values. Many Asian cultures believe that medicinal mushrooms can prolong life and improve vitality. This study aims to characterize the phytochemical and polysaccharide content, mainly β-glucan content, of mycelial biomass and fruiting bodies collected from the Himalayan region, particularly Uttarakhand. Through molecular analysis of the LSU F/R-rDNA fragment sequence and phylogenetic analysis, the strain was identified as Trametes sp. We performed screening of phytochemicals and polysaccharides in mushroom and biomass extracts using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and a PC-based UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The macrofungal biomass was found to be high in saponin, anthraquinone, total phenolic, flavonoid, and β-glucan content. In biomass extract, we observed a high level of saponin (70.6µg/mL), anthraquinone (14.5µg/mL), total phenolic (12.45 µg/mL), and flavonoid (9.500 µg/mL) content. Furthermore, we examined the contents of alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, and sterols in the biomass and mushroom extracts; the concentration of these compounds in the ethanol extract tested was minimal. We also looked for antioxidant activity, which is determined in terms of the IC50 value. Trametes sp. mushroom extract exhibits higher DPPH radical scavenging activity (62.9% at 0.5 mg/mL) than biomass extract (59.19% at 0.5 mg/mL). We also analyzed β-glucan in Trametes sp. from both mushroom and biomass extracts. The biomass extract showed a higher β-glucan content of 1.713 mg/mL than the mushroom extract, which is 1.671 mg/mL. Furthermore, β-glucan analysis was confirmed by the Megazyme β-glucan assay kit from both biomass and mushroom extract of Trametes sp. β-glucans have a promising future in cancer treatment as adjuncts to conventional medicines. Producing pure β-glucans for the market is challenging because 90-95% of β glucan sold nowadays is thought to be manipulated or counterfeit. The present study supports the recommendation of Trametes sp. as rich in β-glucan, protein, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities that help individuals with cancer, diabetes, obesity, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moni Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Karn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun, India
| | - Anne Bhambri
- Department of Biotechnology, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Urgessa OE, Koyamo R, Dinka H, Tefese K, Gemeda MT. Review on Desirable Microbial Phytases as a Poultry Feed Additive: Their Sources, Production, Enzymatic Evaluation, Market Size, and Regulation. Int J Microbiol 2024; 2024:9400374. [PMID: 38962397 PMCID: PMC11221984 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9400374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Poultry's digestive tract lacks hydrolytic phytase enzymes, which results in chelation of dietary minerals, vital amino acids, proteins, and carbohydrates, phytate-phosphate unavailability, and contamination of the environment due to phosphorus. Therefore, it is necessary to use exogenous microbial phytases as feed additive to chicken feed to catalyze the hydrolysis of dietary phytate. Potential sources of microbial isolates that produce desired phytases for chicken feed supplementation have been isolated from agricultural croplands. It is achievable to isolate phytase-producing bacteria isolates using both broth and agar phytase screening media. Potential substrates for submerged fermentation (SmF) for bacterial phytase production and solid-state fermentation (SSF) for fungal phytase production include rice and wheat bran. Following fermentation, saturated ammonium sulphate precipitation is typically used to partially purify microbial culture filtrate. The precipitate is then desalted. Measurements of the pH optimum and stability, temperature optimum and stability, metal ions stability, specificity and affinity to target substrate, proteolysis resistance, storage stability, and in vitro feed dephosphorylation are used to perform an enzymatic evaluation of phytase as an additive for poultry feed. The growth of the feed phytase market is primarily due to the expansion of chicken farms to meet the demand for meat and eggs from humans. The Food and Drug Administration in the USA and the European Food and Safety Authority are primarily in charge of putting rules pertaining to feed phytase use in chicken feed into effect. Conclusively, important components of the production of phytase additives for poultry feed include identifying a reliable source for potential microbe isolation, selecting an economical method of phytase production, thoroughly characterizing the biochemical properties of phytase, and comprehending the size and regulation of the current feed phytase market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olyad Erba Urgessa
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Rufael Koyamo
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia
| | - Hunduma Dinka
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Ketema Tefese
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Tafesse Gemeda
- Biotechnology and Bioprocess Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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8
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Yan Q, Li S, Yan Q, Huo X, Wang C, Wang X, Sun Y, Zhao W, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Guo R, Lv Q, He X, Yao C, Li Z, Chen F, Ji Q, Zhang A, Jin H, Wang G, Feng X, Feng L, Wu F, Ning J, Deng S, An Y, Guo DA, Martin FM, Ma X. A genomic compendium of cultivated human gut fungi characterizes the gut mycobiome and its relevance to common diseases. Cell 2024; 187:2969-2989.e24. [PMID: 38776919 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The gut fungal community represents an essential element of human health, yet its functional and metabolic potential remains insufficiently elucidated, largely due to the limited availability of reference genomes. To address this gap, we presented the cultivated gut fungi (CGF) catalog, encompassing 760 fungal genomes derived from the feces of healthy individuals. This catalog comprises 206 species spanning 48 families, including 69 species previously unidentified. We explored the functional and metabolic attributes of the CGF species and utilized this catalog to construct a phylogenetic representation of the gut mycobiome by analyzing over 11,000 fecal metagenomes from Chinese and non-Chinese populations. Moreover, we identified significant common disease-related variations in gut mycobiome composition and corroborated the associations between fungal signatures and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) through animal experimentation. These resources and findings substantially enrich our understanding of the biological diversity and disease relevance of the human gut mycobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulong Yan
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shenghui Li
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qingsong Yan
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Xifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Wenyu Zhao
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhenlong Yu
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Ruochun Guo
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Qingbo Lv
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Xin He
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Changliang Yao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | | | - Fang Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qianru Ji
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Aiqin Zhang
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Hao Jin
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Guangyang Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoying Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jing Ning
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Sa Deng
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yue An
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - De-An Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Francis M Martin
- Université de Lorraine, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE Grand Est-Nancy, Champenoux 54280, France; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Metabolic Target Characterization and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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Tomah AA, Khattak AA, Aldarraji MH, Al-Maidi AAH, Mohany M, Al-Rejaie SS, Ogunyemi SO. Sclerotia degradation by Trichoderma-mycoparasitic; an effective and sustainable trend in the drop lettuce disease control caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:286. [PMID: 38829426 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Controlling the hazard of sclerotia produced by the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is very complex, and it is urgent to adopt an effective method that is harmonious environmentally to control the disease. Among the six isolates isolated from the rhizosphere of lettuce, the isolate HZA84 demonstrated a high activity in its antagonism towards Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro, and produces siderophore. By amplification of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α), and RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB2) genes, the isolate HZA84 was identified as Trichoderma asperellum, which was confirmed by analysis of phylogenetic tree. The Scanning electron microscope monitoring detected that the isolate HZA84 spread over the sclerotial surface, thus, damaging, decomposing, and distorting the globular cells of the outer cortex of the sclerotia. The Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis disclosed the overexpression of two genes (chit33 and chit37) encoding the endochitinase in addition to one gene (prb1) encoding the proteinase during 4 and 8 days of the parasitism behavior of isolate HZA84 on the sclerotia surface. These enzymes aligned together in the sclerotia destruction by hyperparasitism. On the other hand, the pots trial revealed that spraying of isolate HZA84 reduced the drop disease symptoms of lettuce. The disease severity was decreased by 19.33 and the biocontrol efficiency was increased by 80.67% within the fourth week of inoculation. These findings magnify the unique role of Trichoderma in disrupting the development of plant diseases in sustainable ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Athafah Tomah
- Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Misan, AL-Amarah, 62001, Iraq.
| | - Arif Ali Khattak
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | | | | | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim S Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Solabomi Olaitan Ogunyemi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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10
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Wong S, Kaur J, Kumar P, Karremans AP, Sharma J. Distinct orchid mycorrhizal fungal communities among co-occurring Vanilla species in Costa Rica: root substrate and population-based segregation. MYCORRHIZA 2024; 34:229-250. [PMID: 38664239 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-024-01147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Despite being the second largest family of flowering plants, orchids represent community structure variation in plant-microbial associations, contributes to niche partitioning in metacommunity assemblages. Yet, mycorrhizal communities and interactions remain unknown for orchids that are highly specialized or even obligated in their associations with their mycorrhizal partners. In this study, we sought to compare orchid mycorrhizal fungal (OMF) communities of three co-occurring hemiepiphytic Vanilla species (V. hartii, V. pompona, and V. trigonocarpa) in tropical forests of Costa Rica by addressing the identity of their OMF communities across species, root types, and populations, using high-throughput sequencing. Sequencing the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) yielded 299 fungal Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) from 193 root samples. We showed distinct segregation in the putative OMF (pOMF) communities of the three coexisting Vanilla hosts. We also found that mycorrhizal communities associated with the rare V. hartii varied among populations. Furthermore, we identified Tulasnellaceae and Ceratobasidiaceae as dominant pOMF families in terrestrial roots of the three Vanilla species. In contrast, the epiphytic roots were mainly dominated by OTUs belonging to the Atractiellales and Serendipitaceae. Furthermore, the pOMF communities differed significantly across populations of the widespread V. trigonocarpa and showed patterns of distance decay in similarity. This is the first report of different pOMF communities detected in roots of wild co-occurring Vanilla species using high-throughput sequencing, which provides evidence that three coexisting Vanilla species and their root types exhibited pOMF niche partitioning, and that the rare and widespread Vanilla hosts displayed diverse mycorrhizal preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wong
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, 1725 State Street, La Crosse, WI, 54601, USA
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Adam P Karremans
- Lankester Botanical Garden, University of Costa Rica, P.O. Box 302-7050, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Jyotsna Sharma
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
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11
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Ghosh K, Das S, Sorongpong S, Das N, Pandey P. Emergence of Lasiodiplodia theobromae induced leaf necrosis in tea (Camellia sinensis [L.] O. Kuntze) from India. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:284. [PMID: 38814366 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04018-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The tea plant, Camellia sinensis [L.] O. Kuntze, is a vital global agricultural commodity, yet faces challenges from fungal infections, which affects its production. To reduce the loss in the tea production, the fungal infections must be removed which is managed with fungicides, which are harmful to the environment. Leaf necrosis, which decreases tea quality and quantity, was investigated across Assam, revealing Lasiodiplodia theobromae as the causative agent. Pathogenicity tests, alongside morphological and molecular analyses, confirmed its role in leaf necrosis. Genome and gene analysis of L. theobromae showed multiple genes related to its pathogenicity. The study also assessed the impact of chemical pesticides on this pathogen. Additionally, the findings in this study highlight the significance of re-assessing management approaches in considering the fungal infection in tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kheyali Ghosh
- Assam University Silchar, Cachar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Sandeep Das
- Assam University Silchar, Cachar, 788011, Assam, India
| | | | - Nandita Das
- Assam University Silchar, Cachar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Piyush Pandey
- Assam University Silchar, Cachar, 788011, Assam, India.
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Chen X, Chen S, Guo H, Lu X, Shen H, Liu L, Wang L, Chen B, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Bioactive Alkaloids from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus Nigrospora oryzae SYSU-MS0024. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:214. [PMID: 38786605 PMCID: PMC11123012 DOI: 10.3390/md22050214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of marine fungus Nigrospora oryzae SYSU-MS0024 cultured on solid-rice medium led to the isolation of three new alkaloids, including a pair of epimers, nigrosporines A (1) and B (2), and a pair of enantiomers, (+)-nigrosporine C (+)-3, and (-)-nigrosporine C (-)-3, together with eight known compounds (4-11). Their structures were elucidated based on extensive mass spectrometry (MS) and 1D/2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analyses and compared with data in the literature. The absolute configurations of compounds 1-3 were determined by a combination of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, Mosher's method, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction technique using Cu Kα radiation. In bioassays, compound 2 exhibited moderate inhibition on NO accumulation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on BV-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner at 20, 50, and 100 μmol/L and without cytotoxicity in a concentration of 100.0 μmol/L. Moreover, compound 2 also showed moderate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 103.7 μmol/L. Compound 5 exhibited moderate antioxidant activity with EC50 values of 167.0 μmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang Municipal Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Nutrition for Brain Health, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (X.C.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Senhua Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China; (S.C.); (H.G.); (X.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Heng Guo
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China; (S.C.); (H.G.); (X.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Xin Lu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China; (S.C.); (H.G.); (X.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Hongjie Shen
- Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China; (H.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Lan Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China; (S.C.); (H.G.); (X.L.); (L.L.)
- Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China; (H.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Li Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang Municipal Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Nutrition for Brain Health, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (X.C.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Bin Chen
- Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China; (H.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang Municipal Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Nutrition for Brain Health, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (X.C.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yayue Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang Municipal Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Nutrition for Brain Health, Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (X.C.); (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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13
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Maússe-Sitoe S, Dames J. Characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species associating with Zea mays. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1345229. [PMID: 38774223 PMCID: PMC11106459 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1345229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Taxonomic identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal spores extracted directly from the field is sometimes difficult because spores are often degraded or parasitized by other organisms. Single-spore inoculation of a suitable host plant allows for establishing monosporic cultures of AM fungi. This study aimed to propagate AM fungal spores isolated from maize soil using single spores for morphological characterization. First, trap cultures were established to trigger the sporulation of AM fungal species. Second, trap cultures were established with individual morphotypes by picking up only one spore under a dissecting microscope and transferring it to a small triangle of sterilized filter paper, which was then carefully inoculated below a root from germinated sorghum seeds in each pot and covered with a sterile substrate. All pots were placed in sunbags and maintained in a plant growth room for 120 days. Spores obtained from single spore trap cultures from each treatment, maize after oats (MO), maize after maize (MM), maize after peas (MP), and maize after soybean (MS), were extracted using the sieving method. Healthy spores were selected for morphological analysis. Direct PCR was conducted by crushing spores in RNAlater and applying three sets of primer pairs: ITS1 × ITS4, NS31 × AML2, and SSUmcf and LSUmBr. Nucleotide sequences obtained from Sanger sequencing were aligned on MEGA X. The phylogenetic tree showed that the closest neighbors of the propagated AM fungal species belonged to the genera Claroideoglomus, Funneliformis, Gigaspora, Paraglomus, and Rhizophagus. The morphological characteristics were compared to the descriptive features of described species posted on the INVAM website, and they included Acaulospora cavernata, Diversispora spurca, Funneliformis geosporus, Funneliformis mosseae, Gigaspora clarus, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus macrosporum, Paraglomus occultum, and Rhizophagus intraradices. These findings can provide a great contribution to crop productivity and sustainable management of the agricultural ecosystem. Also, the isolate analyzed could be grouped into efficient promoters of growth and mycorrhization of maize independent of their geographical location.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Dames
- Mycorrhizal Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
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Martins F, Rodrigues N, Pereira JA, Baptista P, Ramalhosa E. Effect of the cleaning and disinfection methods on the hygienic conditions of fermentation tanks of table olives (Olea europaea L.) Negrinha de Freixo cultivar. Food Microbiol 2024; 119:104425. [PMID: 38225036 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate and identify the microbial community attached to the surfaces of fermenter tanks used in table olive Negrinha de Freixo cultivar processing through molecular analysis and verify if the cleaning/disinfection was done correctly. Four fermentation tanks previously used in table olive processing were sampled at three different inside areas: upper, middle, and lower. Before sampling, four cleaning/disinfection methods were applied to the tanks, including (i) pressurised water; (ii) a disinfectant product used to clean bowls (Vasiloxe); (iii) 10% sodium hydroxide solution (caustic soda liquid); and (iv) a disinfectant product used by the wine industry (Hosbit). For each sample collected, mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeast and moulds (YMC), lactic acid bacteria (LAB), as well as total coliforms (TC) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated. The results showed significant differences between the different cleaning/disinfection methods applied. The fermenter sanitised with only pressurised water showed a greater abundance of microorganisms than the others. Mesophilic aerobic bacteria were the predominant population, with counts ranging between 2.63 and 5.56 log10 CFU/100 cm2, followed by the moulds (3.11-5.03 log10 CFU/100 cm2) and yeasts (2.42-5.12 log10 CFU/100 cm2). High diversity of microbial communities was observed between the different fermenter tanks. The most abundant species belonged to Aureobasidium, Bacillaceae, Cladosporium, and Rhodotorula genera. LAB, TC, and P. aeruginosa were not detected. This study hopes to improve hygienic conditions and increase the quality assurance and safety of the final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Martins
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Rodrigues
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Alberto Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Paula Baptista
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Elsa Ramalhosa
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal.
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15
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Ebadi M, Najari S, Miandoab LZ, Chaparzadeh N, Ebadi A. Mining Tamarix ramosissima roots for endophytic growth promoting fungi to improve wheat root growth. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4277791. [PMID: 38746082 PMCID: PMC11092856 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4277791/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are commonly found in the root endosphere and can enhance plant growth through various mechanisms. The aim of this study was to isolate cultivable endophytic fungi associated with the roots of Tamarix ramosissima and to evaluate their plant growth promoting properties. About 35 isolated fungal endophytes belonging to the Ascomycota from four different genera were isolated from the endosphere of T. ramosissima: Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium and Talaromyces. These fungal endophytes showed different abilities to solubilize phosphate and produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The fungal isolates of T. allahabadensis (T3) and A. niger (T4) showed different efficiency in solubilizing phosphate. Almost all fungal isolates were able to produce IAA, and the highest value (0.699 μg/ml) was found in the isolate of F. solani (T11). Inoculation of wheat seeds with endophytic fungi significantly increased the initial growth of wheat roots. The results showed that inoculation with the endophytic fungus A. fumigatus T15 significantly increased root length by 75%. The extensive root system of T. ramosissima may be due to symbiosis with IAA-producing endophytic fungi, which enhance root development and water uptake in dry conditions. These fungi can also boost soil phosphorus levels, promoting plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ali Ebadi
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute
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16
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Sharma V, Das R, Mehta DK, Sharma D, Aman S, Khan MU. Quinolone scaffolds as potential drug candidates against infectious microbes: a review. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10862-4. [PMID: 38683488 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Prevalence of microbial infections and new rising pathogens are signified as causative agent for variety of serious and lethal health crisis in past years. Despite medical advances, bacterial and fungal infections continue to be a rising problem in the health care system. As more bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics used in therapy, and as more invasive microbial species develop resistance to conventional antimicrobial drugs. Relevant published publications from the last two decades, up to 2024, were systematically retrieved from the MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and WOS databases using keywords such as quinolones, anti-infective, antibacterial, antimicrobial resistance and patents on quinolone derivatives. With an approach of considerable interest towards novel heterocyclic derivatives as novel anti-infective agents, researchers have explored these as essential tools in vistas of drug design and development. Among heterocycles, quinolones have been regarded extremely essential for the development of novel derivatives, even able to tackle the associated resistance issues. The quinolone scaffold with its bicyclic structure and specific functional groups such as the carbonyl and acidic groups, is indeed considered a valuable functionalities for further lead generation and optimization in drug discovery. Besides, the substitution at N-1, C-3 and C-7 positions also subjected to be having a significant role in anti-infective potential. In this article, we intend to highlight recent quinolone derivatives based on the SAR approach and anti-infective potential such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antitubercular, antitrypanosomal and antiviral activities. Moreover, some recent patents granted on quinolone-containing derivatives as anti-infective agents have also been highlighted in tabular form. Due consideration of this, future research in this scaffold is expected to be useful for aspiring scientists to get pharmacologically significant leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Rina Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India.
| | - Diksha Sharma
- Swami Devidyal College of Pharmacy, Barwala, 134118, India
| | - Shahbaz Aman
- Department of Microbiology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - M U Khan
- Department of pharmaceutical Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Uniazah, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Pierre HC, Amrine CSM, Doyle MG, Salvi A, Raja HA, Chekan JR, Huntsman AC, Fuchs JR, Liu K, Burdette JE, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH. Verticillins: fungal epipolythiodioxopiperazine alkaloids with chemotherapeutic potential. Nat Prod Rep 2024. [PMID: 38629495 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Covering: 1970 through June of 2023Verticillins are epipolythiodioxopiperazine (ETP) alkaloids, many of which possess potent, nanomolar-level cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines. Over the last decade, their in vivo activity and mode of action have been explored in detail. Notably, recent studies have indicated that these compounds may be selective inhibitors of histone methyltransferases (HMTases) that alter the epigenome and modify targets that play a crucial role in apoptosis, altering immune cell recognition, and generating reactive oxygen species. Verticillin A (1) was the first of 27 analogues reported from fungal cultures since 1970. Subsequent genome sequencing identified the biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for producing verticillins, allowing a putative pathway to be proposed. Further, molecular sequencing played a pivotal role in clarifying the taxonomic characterization of verticillin-producing fungi, suggesting that most producing strains belong to the genus Clonostachys (i.e., Bionectria), Bionectriaceae. Recent studies have explored the total synthesis of these molecules and the generation of analogues via both semisynthetic and precursor-directed biosynthetic approaches. In addition, nanoparticles have been used to deliver these molecules, which, like many natural products, possess challenging solubility profiles. This review summarizes over 50 years of chemical and biological research on this class of fungal metabolites and offers insights and suggestions on future opportunities to push these compounds into pre-clinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herma C Pierre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Chiraz Soumia M Amrine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
- Department of Physical and Earth Sciences. Arkansas Tech University, 1701 N. Boulder Ave., Russellville, Arkansas 72801, USA
| | - Michael G Doyle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Amrita Salvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave (M/C 870), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Jonathan R Chekan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Andrew C Huntsman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave (M/C 870), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | | | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
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18
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Wong Chin JM, Puchooa D, Bahorun T, Alrefaei AF, Neergheen VS, Jeewon R. Multigene phylogeny, bioactive properties, enzymatic and dye decolorization potential of selected marine fungi from brown algae and sponges of Mauritius. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28955. [PMID: 38623192 PMCID: PMC11016617 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine fungi represent an important proportion of the microbial diversity in the oceans. They are attractive candidates for biotechnological purposes and industrial applications. Despite an increasing interest in mycology, marine fungi associated with sponges and algae have been poorly studied in Mauritius. The objectives of this study were to: 1) use multigene phylogenetic analyses to identify isolated marine fungi; 2) determine the differences in the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the fungal extracts; and 3) assess their enzyme activities and dye decolorization potential. Five fungal isolates viz Aspergillus chevalieri, Aspergillus iizukae, Aspergillus ochraceus, Exserohilum rostratum and Biatriospora sp. were identified based on phylogenetic analyses. There was no significant difference in the antimicrobial properties of the liquid and solid media extracts unlike the antioxidant properties (p < 0.05). The solid media extract of Aspergillus chevalieri (F2-SF) had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.156 mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus while Aspergillus ochraceus (F25-SF) had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.313 and 2.5 mg/ml against Enterococcus faecalis and Salmonella typhi. The solid media extract of Biatriospora sp. (F34-SF) had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.195 and 1.563 mg/ml against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae. An IC50 of 78.92 ± 4.71 μg/ml in the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value of 11.17 ± 0.20 mM Fe2+/g dry weight extract (DWE) and total phenolic content 360.35 ± 10.31 mg GAE/g DWE was obtained with the solid media extract of Aspergillus chevalieri (F2-SF). Aspergillus ochraceus (F25-SF) and Biatriospora sp. (F34-SF) solid media extracts showed lower IC50 values in the DPPH assay and higher total phenolic content as compared to the liquid media extracts. Aspergillus chevalieri was a good producer of the enzymes DNAse and lipase and had maximum percentage dye decolorization of 79.40 ± 17.72% on Congo red. An enzymatic index ≥ 2 was found for the DNAse and lipase and the maximum percentage dye decolorization of 87.18 ± 3.80% was observed with Aspergillus ochraceus on Methylene blue. Regarding Biatriospora sp., it was a moderate producer of the three enzymes amylase, DNAse and protease and had a maximum dye decolorization potential of 56.29 ± 6.51% on Crystal violet. This study demonstrates that Mauritian marine fungi possess good bioactive properties, enzymatic and dye decolorization potentials, that can potentially be considered for use in pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mélanie Wong Chin
- Biopharmaceutical Unit, Center for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Daneshwar Puchooa
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Theeshan Bahorun
- Biopharmaceutical Unit, Center for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
- Department of Biosciences and Ocean Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vidushi S. Neergheen
- Biopharmaceutical Unit, Center for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research (CBBR), University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Rajesh Jeewon
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
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Bermúdez-Cova MA, Hofmann TA, Yorou NS, Piepenbring M. Systematic revision of species of Atractilina and Spiropes hyperparasitic on Meliolales (Ascomycota) in the tropics. MycoKeys 2024; 103:167-213. [PMID: 38645977 PMCID: PMC11031638 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.103.115799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Atractilina Dearn. & Barthol. and Spiropes Cif. are genera of asexual fungi that comprise species mainly hyperparasitic on black mildews (Meliolales, Ascomycota). Although a common group of anamorphic fungi, they have been described up to now only by morphology and their systematic position is unknown. The present study provides a morphological treatise of all known species of Atractilina and Spiropes hyperparasitic on Meliolales, including insights into their systematic position, based on DNA sequences generated here for the first time. The study was conducted, based on 33 herbarium specimens and 23 specimens recently collected in Benin and Panama. The obtained DNA sequence data (28S rDNA and ITS rDNA) of A.parasitica and of two species of Spiropes show systematic placements in the Dothideomycetes and Leotiomycetes, respectively. The sequence data of the two Spiropes spp. do not group together. Moreover, the anamorph-teleomorph connection between Atractilinaparasitica and Malacariameliolicola, a pseudothecioid fungus, is confirmed. Three species in the genus Spiropes are proposed as new to science, namely S.angylocalycis, S.carpolobiae and S.croissantiformis. Four species are reported for Benin for the first time, three species for Panama and one species for mainland America. Atractilina and Spiropes are currently two genera with highly heterogeneous species and they might have to be split in the future, once the taxonomic concepts are validated by morphology and molecular sequence data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Bermúdez-Cova
- Mycology Research Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt Am Main, Frankfurt Am Main, GermanyGoethe University Frankfurt Am MainFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Departamento de Biología de Organismos, División de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas, VenezuelaUniversidad Simón BolívarCaracasVenezuela
| | - Tina A. Hofmann
- Centro de Investigaciones Micológicas (CIMi), Herbario UCH, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, David, PanamaUniversidad Autónoma de ChiriquíDavidPanama
| | - Nourou S. Yorou
- Research Unit Tropical Mycology and Plants-Soil Fungi Interactions (MyTIPS), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, BP 123, Parakou, BeninUniversity of ParakouParakouBenin
| | - Meike Piepenbring
- Mycology Research Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt Am Main, Frankfurt Am Main, GermanyGoethe University Frankfurt Am MainFrankfurt am MainGermany
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Steenwyk JL, Balamurugan C, Raja HA, Gonçalves C, Li N, Martin F, Berman J, Oberlies NH, Gibbons JG, Goldman GH, Geiser DM, Houbraken J, Hibbett DS, Rokas A. Phylogenomics reveals extensive misidentification of fungal strains from the genus Aspergillus. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0398023. [PMID: 38445873 PMCID: PMC10986620 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03980-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern taxonomic classification is often based on phylogenetic analyses of a few molecular markers, although single-gene studies are still common. Here, we leverage genome-scale molecular phylogenetics (phylogenomics) of species and populations to reconstruct evolutionary relationships in a dense data set of 710 fungal genomes from the biomedically and technologically important genus Aspergillus. To do so, we generated a novel set of 1,362 high-quality molecular markers specific for Aspergillus and provided profile Hidden Markov Models for each, facilitating their use by others. Examining the resulting phylogeny helped resolve ongoing taxonomic controversies, identified new ones, and revealed extensive strain misidentification (7.59% of strains were previously misidentified), underscoring the importance of population-level sampling in species classification. These findings were corroborated using the current standard, taxonomically informative loci. These findings suggest that phylogenomics of species and populations can facilitate accurate taxonomic classifications and reconstructions of the Tree of Life.IMPORTANCEIdentification of fungal species relies on the use of molecular markers. Advances in genomic technologies have made it possible to sequence the genome of any fungal strain, making it possible to use genomic data for the accurate assignment of strains to fungal species (and for the discovery of new ones). We examined the usefulness and current limitations of genomic data using a large data set of 710 publicly available genomes from multiple strains and species of the biomedically, agriculturally, and industrially important genus Aspergillus. Our evolutionary genomic analyses revealed that nearly 8% of publicly available Aspergillus genomes are misidentified. Our work highlights the usefulness of genomic data for fungal systematic biology and suggests that systematic genome sequencing of multiple strains, including reference strains (e.g., type strains), of fungal species will be required to reduce misidentification errors in public databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L. Steenwyk
- Howards Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Charu Balamurugan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carla Gonçalves
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ningxiao Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- USDA-ARS, Salinas, California, USA
| | | | - Judith Berman
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - John G. Gibbons
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gustavo H. Goldman
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David M. Geiser
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jos Houbraken
- Food and Indoor Mycology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - David S. Hibbett
- Biology Department, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonis Rokas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg, Heidelberg, Germany
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21
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Zhang S, Huang Z, Xu H, Liu Q, Jiang Z, Yin C, Han G, Zhang W, Zhang Y. Biological control of wheat powdery mildew disease by the termite-associated fungus Aspergillus chevalieri BYST01 and potential role of secondary metabolites. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:2011-2020. [PMID: 38105413 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is a serious fungal disease. Natural metabolites produced by microorganisms are beneficial biological control agents to inhibit Bgt. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Aspergillus chevalieri BYST01 on wheat powdery mildew. RESULTS A strain isolated from the termite was identified as A. chevalieri BYST01 by morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis. The fermentation broth of BYST01 showed good biocontrol effect on the Bgt in vivo with the control efficiencies of 81.59% and 71.34% under the protective and therapeutic tests, respectively. Four known metabolites, including the main compound physcion (30 mg/L), were isolated from the fermentation broth of BYST01 extracted with ethyl acetate. Importantly, under a concentration of 0.1 mM, physcion repressed conidial germination of Bgt with an inhibition rate of 77.04% in vitro and showed important control efficiencies of 80.36% and 74.64% in vivo under the protective and therapeutic tests, respectively. Hence, the BYST01 showed important potential as a microbial cell factory for the high yield of the green natural fungicide physcion. Finally, the biosynthetic gene clusters responsible for physicon production in BYST01 was predicted by analyzing a chromosome-scale genome obtained using a combination of Illumina, PacBio, and Hi-C sequencing technologies. CONCLUSION Aspergillus chevalieri BYST01 and its main metabolite physcion had a significant control effect on wheat powdery mildew. The biosynthesis pathway of physcion in BYST01 was predicted. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiang Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhongdi Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Huanhuan Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qihua Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Caiping Yin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Guomin Han
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yinglao Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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22
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Wojciechowska D, Salamon S, Wróblewska-Seniuk K. It's time to shed some light on the importance of fungi in neonatal intensive care units: what do we know about the neonatal mycobiome? Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1355418. [PMID: 38567073 PMCID: PMC10985264 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1355418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The 21st century, thanks to the development of molecular methods, including DNA barcoding, using Sanger sequencing, and DNA metabarcoding, based on next-generation sequencing (NGS), is characterized by flourishing research on the human microbiome. Microbial dysbiosis is perceived as a new pathogenetic factor for neonatal diseases. Fungi are crucial, but neglected, components of the neonatal microbiome, which, despite their low abundance, significantly impact morbidity and mortality rates of premature infants hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). The neonatal mycobiome's composition and effect on health remain poorly studied research areas. Our knowledge about neonatal mycobiome, composed of limited genera, is mainly based on research on the bacterial microbiome. We presume it is influenced by clinical factors, including prematurity, antibiotic therapy, and type of delivery. Understanding these risk factors may be useful in prevention strategies against dysbiosis and invasive fungal infections. Despite the methodological challenges resulting from the biology of the fungal cell, this topic is an attractive area of research that may contribute to more effective treatment, especially of newborns from risk groups. In this mini review, we discuss the current state of knowledge, research gaps, study difficulties, and future research directions on the neonatal mycobiome, concerning potential future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dobrochna Wojciechowska
- II Department of Neonatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Sylwia Salamon
- Department of Plant Microbiomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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23
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Qi G, Hao L, Xin T, Gan Y, Lou Q, Xu W, Song J. Analysis of Whole-Genome facilitates rapid and precise identification of fungal species. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1336143. [PMID: 38500585 PMCID: PMC10946254 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1336143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal identification is a cornerstone of fungal research, yet traditional molecular methods struggle with rapid and accurate onsite identification, especially for closely related species. To tackle this challenge, we introduce a universal identification method called Analysis of whole GEnome (AGE). AGE includes two key steps: bioinformatics analysis and experimental practice. Bioinformatics analysis screens candidate target sequences named Targets within the genome of the fungal species and determines specific Targets by comparing them with the genomes of other species. Then, experimental practice using sequencing or non-sequencing technologies would confirm the results of bioinformatics analysis. Accordingly, AGE obtained more than 1,000,000 qualified Targets for each of the 13 fungal species within the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Next, the sequencing and genome editing system validated the ultra-specific performance of the specific Targets; especially noteworthy is the first-time demonstration of the identification potential of sequences from unannotated genomic regions. Furthermore, by combining rapid isothermal amplification and phosphorothioate-modified primers with the option of an instrument-free visual fluorescence method, AGE can achieve qualitative species identification within 30 min using a single-tube test. More importantly, AGE holds significant potential for identifying closely related species and differentiating traditional Chinese medicines from their adulterants, especially in the precise detection of contaminants. In summary, AGE opens the door for the development of whole-genome-based fungal species identification while also providing guidance for its application in plant and animal kingdoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihong Qi
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Hao
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Xin
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yutong Gan
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Lou
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Song
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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24
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Jimbo-Zapata A, Sevillano G, Rodríguez P, Ramírez-Iglesias JR, Navarro JC. First report of fatal fungemia due Fusarium oxysporum in a patient with COVID-19 in Ecuador. Med Mycol Case Rep 2024; 43:100622. [PMID: 38225951 PMCID: PMC10788292 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2023.100622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungal infections are an important cause of systemic infections in immunocompromised patients. Fusarium genus members potentially cause disseminated infections, especially in patients with catheters, due to the ability to adhere to these devices. We describe a case of fatal fungemia due to Fusarium oxysporum in a patient with COVID-19 in Ecuador. The genus identification was carried out with conventional techniques and species identification by molecular and phylogenetic techniques through sequencing of the ITS region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Jimbo-Zapata
- Universidad Internacional SEK, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Emergentes, Desatendidas, Ecoepidemiología y Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador
- Universidad Internacional SEK, Maestría en Biomedicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Quito, Ecuador
- Área de Micología y Tuberculosis, Unidad Técnica de Patología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Gabriela Sevillano
- Universidad Internacional SEK, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Emergentes, Desatendidas, Ecoepidemiología y Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador
- Universidad Internacional SEK, Maestría en Biomedicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Quito, Ecuador
- Unidad de Investigaciones en Biomedicina, Zurita & Zurita Laboratorios, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Pilar Rodríguez
- Área de Micología y Tuberculosis, Unidad Técnica de Patología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín, Quito, Ecuador
| | - José Rubén Ramírez-Iglesias
- Universidad Internacional SEK, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Emergentes, Desatendidas, Ecoepidemiología y Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Juan-Carlos Navarro
- Universidad Internacional SEK, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Emergentes, Desatendidas, Ecoepidemiología y Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador
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25
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Zhao Y, Rodić N, Liaskos M, Assimopoulou AN, Lalaymia I, Declerck S. Effects of fungal endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of Echium vulgare and alkannin/shikonin and their derivatives production in roots. Fungal Biol 2024; 128:1607-1615. [PMID: 38341266 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi as well as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to stimulate plant growth and production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. Here, 10 endophytic fungi isolated from roots of wild Alkanna tinctoria plants and 5 AMF purchased from the Glomeromycota in vitro collection were evaluated, during two successive three-month greenhouse experiments, on the growth of Echium vulgare and alkannin/shikonin and their derivatives (A/Sd) production in the roots. Some of the endophytic fungi tested significantly increased plant growth parameters as compared to the control: Cladosporium allicinum, Cadophora sp., Clonostachys sp., Trichoderma hispanicum and Leptosphaeria ladina increased root volume, Plectosphaerella sp. And T. hispanicum root fresh weight and root water retention and T. hispanicum plant water retention. However, none of these fungi impacted A/Sd production. Conversely, none of the AMF strains tested impacted plant growth parameters, but those inoculated with Rhizophagus intraradices MUCL 49410 had a significantly higher concentration of alkannin/shikonin (A/S), acetyl-A/S, β,β- dimethylacryl-A/S, isovaleryl-A/S and total A/Sd, compared to the control plants. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms involved in the production of A/Sd in plants associated to specific endophytic fungi/AMF and on the cultivation conditions required for optimal production of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhao
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Croix Du Sud 2, Box L7.05.06, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nebojša Rodić
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of AUTh, Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Marios Liaskos
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreana N Assimopoulou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of AUTh, Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence (NatPro-AUTh), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ismahen Lalaymia
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Croix Du Sud 2, Box L7.05.06, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Declerck
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Croix Du Sud 2, Box L7.05.06, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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26
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Rebollar-Ramos D, Ovalle-Magallanes B, Raja HA, Jacome-Rebollo M, Figueroa M, Tovar-Palacio C, Noriega LG, Madariaga-Mazón A, Mata R. Antidiabetic Potential of a Trimeric Anthranilic Acid Peptide Isolated from Malbranchea flocciformis. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301602. [PMID: 38102075 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Compound 3, a trimeric anthranilic acid peptide, and another three metabolites were isolated from an organic extract from the culture medium of Malbranchea flocciformis ATCC 34530. The chemical structure proposed previously for 3 was unequivocally assigned via synthesis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Tripeptide 3 showed insulinotropic properties by decreasing the postprandial peak in healthy and hyperglycemic mice. It also increased glucose-induced insulin secretion in INS-1E at 5 μM, specifically at higher glucose concentrations. These results revealed that 3 might act as an insulin sensitizer and a non-classical insulin secretagogue. Altogether, these findings are in harmony with the in vivo oral glucose tolerance test and acute oral hypoglycemic assay. Finally, the chemical composition of the extract was established by the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Network platform. Phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spacer region revealed that M. flocciformis ATCC 34530 is related to the Malbrancheaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rebollar-Ramos
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | | | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC-27412, USA
| | - Mariano Jacome-Rebollo
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | - Claudia Tovar-Palacio
- Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, 14080, México
| | - Lilia G Noriega
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, 14080, México
| | - Abraham Madariaga-Mazón
- Instituto de Química Unidad Mérida and f Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Rachel Mata
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
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Dubovik V, Dalinova A, Berestetskiy A. Natural ten-membered lactones: sources, structural diversity, biological activity, and intriguing future. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:85-112. [PMID: 37885339 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00013c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2012 to 2022Ten-membered lactones (TMLs) are an interesting and diverse group of natural polyketides that are abundant in fungi and, to a lesser extent, in bacteria, marine organisms, and insects. TMLs are known for their ability to exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activity, including phytotoxic, cytotoxic, antifungal, antibacterial, and others. However, the random discovery of these compounds by scientific groups with various interests worldwide has resulted in patchy information about their distribution among different organisms and their biological activity. Therefore, despite more than 60 years of research history, there is still no common understanding of the natural sources of TMLs, their structural type classification, and most characteristic biological activities. The controversial nomenclature, incorrect or erroneous structure elucidation, poor identification of producing organisms, and scattered information on the biological activity of compounds - all these factors have led to the problems with dereplication and the directed search for TMLs. This review consists of two parts: the first part (Section 2) covers 104 natural TMLs, published between 2012 and 2022 (after the publishing of the previous review), and the second part (Section 3) summarizes information about 214 TMLs described during 1964-2022 and as a result highlights the main problems and trends in the study of these intriguing natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vsevolod Dubovik
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Anna Dalinova
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Alexander Berestetskiy
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
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Cho M, Kwon SL, Kim C, Kim JJ. Notes of Five Wood-Decaying Fungi from Juwangsan National Park in Korea. MYCOBIOLOGY 2024; 52:30-41. [PMID: 38415179 PMCID: PMC10896149 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2023.2299098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Wood-decaying fungi are essential decomposers in forest ecosystems. They decompose wood substrates by producing various lignocellulolytic enzymes, which have significant industrial and medical applications. A survey was conducted at the Juwangsan National Park from 2018 to 2019 to determine the diversity of macrofungi in Korea. Five previously unrecorded wood-decaying polyporoid and corticioid fungi were identified among the collected specimens: Eichleriella sinensis, Hymenochaete anomala, Hyphoderma subsetigerum, Lyomyces orientalis, and Pseudowrightoporia crassihypha. These species were identified based on morphological, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and nuclear large subunit rDNA (nLSU) region. In this study, we provide detailed macro- and micro-morphological figures with phylogenetic trees to support the discovery of five new species in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseo Cho
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Lul Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changmu Kim
- Species Diversity Research Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Panya M, Kaewraemruaen C, Saenwang P, Pimboon P. Evaluation of Prebiotic Potential of Crude Polysaccharides Extracted from Wild Lentinus polychrous and Lentinus squarrosulus and Their Application for a Formulation of a Novel Lyophilized Synbiotic. Foods 2024; 13:287. [PMID: 38254588 PMCID: PMC10815080 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Edible mushrooms, including wild mushrooms, are currently being investigated as natural sources to evaluate their prebiotic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the prebiotic potential of crude polysaccharides (CPSs) extracted from wild Lentinus squarrosulus UBU_LS1 and Lentinus polychrous UBU_LP2 and their application as cryoprotectants in the freeze-drying process to formulate a novel synbiotic product. Based on fruiting body morphology and molecular identification, two wild edible mushrooms named UBU_LS1 and UBU_LP2 were identified as Lentinus squarrosulus and Lentinus polychrous, respectively. L. squarrosulus UBU_LS1 and L. polychrous UBU_LP2 contained high amounts of CPS after hot water extraction. Monosaccharide component analysis showed that CPS_UBU_LS1 and CPS_UBU_LP2 were typical heteropolysaccharides. CPS_UBU_LS1 and CPS_UBU_LP2 showed hydrolysis tolerance to the simulated human gastric acidic pH solution, indicating that these CPSs are capable of reaching the lower gastrointestinal tract. Antioxidant activity determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay revealed that the CPS_UBU_LS1 and CPS_UBU_LP2 displayed greater antioxidant activity comparable with that of ascorbic acid. It was found that CPS_UBU_LS1 and CPS_UBU_LP2 have a high potential for stimulating growth in all probiotic strains. Moreover, both CPS compounds could possibly be used as cryoprotectants in freeze drying, since the viability of the selected probiotic L. fermentum 47-7 exhibited cell survival of greater than 70% after 90 days of storage at 4 °C. These results highlight that wild edible mushrooms L. squarrosulus UBU_LS1 and L. polychrous UBU_LP2 are potential natural sources of prebiotics and can be applied as cryoprotectants in the freeze-drying process. The crude polysaccharide derived from this study could also be considered as a potent antioxidative compound. Therefore, our study provides evidence to support the application of CPSs from wild edible mushrooms in synbiotic product development and in various functional foods. Finally, further evaluation of these prebiotics, including the determination of the potential rehabilitation of beneficial gut microbes in diseased individuals, is currently being conducted by our research group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marutpong Panya
- Research Group for Biomedical Research and Innovative Development (RG-BRID), College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Warinchamrap, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand;
| | - Chamraj Kaewraemruaen
- Department of Science and Bioinnovation, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand;
| | - Phairo Saenwang
- Research Group for Biomedical Research and Innovative Development (RG-BRID), College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Warinchamrap, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand;
| | - Patcharin Pimboon
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Warinchamrap, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand;
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Iacovelli R, He T, Allen JL, Hackl T, Haslinger K. Genome sequencing and molecular networking analysis of the wild fungus Anthostomella pinea reveal its ability to produce a diverse range of secondary metabolites. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2024; 11:1. [PMID: 38172933 PMCID: PMC10763133 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-023-00170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Filamentous fungi are prolific producers of bioactive molecules and enzymes with important applications in industry. Yet, the vast majority of fungal species remain undiscovered or uncharacterized. Here we focus our attention to a wild fungal isolate that we identified as Anthostomella pinea. The fungus belongs to a complex polyphyletic genus in the family of Xylariaceae, which is known to comprise endophytic and pathogenic fungi that produce a plethora of interesting secondary metabolites. Despite that, Anthostomella is largely understudied and only two species have been fully sequenced and characterized at a genomic level. RESULTS In this work, we used long-read sequencing to obtain the complete 53.7 Mb genome sequence including the full mitochondrial DNA. We performed extensive structural and functional annotation of coding sequences, including genes encoding enzymes with potential applications in biotechnology. Among others, we found that the genome of A. pinea encodes 91 biosynthetic gene clusters, more than 600 CAZymes, and 164 P450s. Furthermore, untargeted metabolomics and molecular networking analysis of the cultivation extracts revealed a rich secondary metabolism, and in particular an abundance of sesquiterpenoids and sesquiterpene lactones. We also identified the polyketide antibiotic xanthoepocin, to which we attribute the anti-Gram-positive effect of the extracts that we observed in antibacterial plate assays. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results provide a first glimpse into the potential of Anthstomella pinea to provide new bioactive molecules and biocatalysts and will facilitate future research into these valuable metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Iacovelli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - T He
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J L Allen
- Department of Biology, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, WA, 99004, USA
| | - T Hackl
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - K Haslinger
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Rintarhat P, Cho YJ, Koh H, Park S, Lee EJ, Lim H, Noh J, Lee DW, Jung WH. Assessment of DNA extraction methods for human gut mycobiome analysis. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231129. [PMID: 38204788 PMCID: PMC10776226 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The gut mycobiome plays an important role in the health and disease of the human gut, but its exact function is still under investigation. While there is a wealth of information available on the bacterial community of the human gut microbiome, research on the fungal community is still relatively limited. In particular, technical methodologies for mycobiome analysis, especially the DNA extraction method for human faecal samples, varied in different studies. In the current study, two commercial kits commonly used in DNA extraction, the QIAamp® Fast DNA Stool Mini Kit and DNeasy PowerSoil Pro Kit, and one manual method, the International Human Microbiome Standards Protocol Q, were compared. Furthermore, the effectiveness of two different bead-beating machines, the Mini-Beadbeater-16 and FastPrep-24TM 5G, was compared in parallel. A mock fungal community with a known composition of fungal strains was also generated and included to compare different DNA extraction methods. Our results suggested that the method using the DNeasy PowerSoil Pro Kit and Mini-Beadbeater-16 provides the best results to extract DNA from human faecal samples. Based on our data, we propose a standard operating procedure for DNA extraction from human faecal samples for mycobiome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyapat Rintarhat
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Yong-Joon Cho
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Hong Koh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sowon Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeji Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihye Noh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Hee Jung
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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Almiman B. Glimpse into phytopathogenic fungal species in Al Baha Province, Saudi Arabia; identification from molecular and morphological characteristics. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2022.2164458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bandar Almiman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al Baha University, Alaqiq, Al Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Olou BA, Hègbè ADMT, Piepenbring M, Yorou NS. Genetic diversity and population differentiation in Earliella scabrosa, a pantropical species of Polyporales. Sci Rep 2023; 13:23020. [PMID: 38155211 PMCID: PMC10754928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Earliella scabrosa is a pantropical species of Polyporales (Basidiomycota) and well-studied concerning its morphology and taxonomy. However, its pantropical intraspecific genetic diversity and population differentiation is unknown. We initiated this study to better understand the genetic variation within E. scabrosa and to test if cryptic species are present. Sequences of three DNA regions, the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU), and the translation elongation factor (EF1α) were analysed for 66 samples from 15 geographical locations. We found a high level of genetic diversity (haplotype diversity, Hd = 0.88) and low nucleotide diversity (π = 0.006) across the known geographical range of E. scabrosa based on ITS sequences. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicates that the genetic variability is mainly found among geographical populations. The results of Mantel tests confirmed that the genetic distance among populations of E. scabrosa is positively correlated with the geographical distance, which indicates that geographical isolation is an important factor for the observed genetic differentiation. Based on phylogenetic analyses of combined dataset ITS-LSU-EF1α, the low intraspecific divergences (0-0.3%), and the Automated Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) analysis, E. scabrosa can be considered as a single species with five different geographical populations. Each population might be in the process of allopatric divergence and in the long-term they may evolve and become distinct species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Armel Olou
- Research Unit Tropical Mycology and Plant-Soil Fungi Interactions (MyTIPS), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, BP 123, Parakou, Benin.
| | - Apollon D M T Hègbè
- Research Unit Tropical Mycology and Plant-Soil Fungi Interactions (MyTIPS), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, BP 123, Parakou, Benin
| | - Meike Piepenbring
- Mycology Research Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Biologicum, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nourou Soulemane Yorou
- Research Unit Tropical Mycology and Plant-Soil Fungi Interactions (MyTIPS), Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, BP 123, Parakou, Benin
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Adotey G, Alolga RN, Quarcoo A, Yerenkyi P, Otu P, Anang AK, Okine LKN, Gbewonyo WSK, Holliday JC, Lombardi VC. Molecular Identification and Characterization of Five Ganoderma Species from the Lower Volta River Basin of Ghana Based on Nuclear Ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) Sequences. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 10:6. [PMID: 38276022 PMCID: PMC10817336 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma is a genus of biomedical fungus that is used in the development of numerous health products throughout the world. The Lower Volta River Basin of Ghana is an undulating land surface covered by extensive vegetation and water bodies and is rich in polypore mushrooms resembling various members of the Ganoderma genus. Despite the extensive biopharmaceutical benefits of Ganoderma spp., the isolates from the Lower Volta River Basin have not been properly characterized, thus limiting their use in the development of biotechnological products. In this study, Ganoderma spp. collected from the Lower Volta River Basin were genetically analyzed using the nuclear ribosomal sequences, the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS 2), the complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and the nuclear large subunit (nLSU). Blastn search and sequence analysis revealed that the sample we coded as Ganoderma LVRB-2 belongs to G. mbrekobenum, whereas Ganoderma LVRB-1, Ganoderma LVRB-14, and Ganoderma LVRB-16 belong to the species G. enigmaticum. Our analysis further demonstrates that Ganoderma LVRB-17 belongs to the species G. resinaceum. Thus, the five samples collected in the present study were positioned in three different distinct groups, namely G. mbrekobenum, G. enigmaticum, and G. resinaceum. The current data may serve as reference points for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Adotey
- Science Laboratory Department, Accra Technical University, Barnes Road, P.O. Box GP 561, Accra 00233, Ghana; (A.Q.); (P.Y.); (P.O.)
| | - Raphael N. Alolga
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Abraham Quarcoo
- Science Laboratory Department, Accra Technical University, Barnes Road, P.O. Box GP 561, Accra 00233, Ghana; (A.Q.); (P.Y.); (P.O.)
| | - Paul Yerenkyi
- Science Laboratory Department, Accra Technical University, Barnes Road, P.O. Box GP 561, Accra 00233, Ghana; (A.Q.); (P.Y.); (P.O.)
| | - Phyllis Otu
- Science Laboratory Department, Accra Technical University, Barnes Road, P.O. Box GP 561, Accra 00233, Ghana; (A.Q.); (P.Y.); (P.O.)
| | - Abraham K. Anang
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Accra 00233, Ghana;
| | - Laud K. N. Okine
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology (BCMB), University of Ghana, Accra 00233, Ghana; (L.K.N.O.); (W.S.K.G.)
| | - Winfred S. K. Gbewonyo
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology (BCMB), University of Ghana, Accra 00233, Ghana; (L.K.N.O.); (W.S.K.G.)
| | | | - Vincent C. Lombardi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, 1664 N Virginia St. MS 0320, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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35
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Navarro L, Gil i Cortiella M, Gutiérrez-Moraga A, Calisto N, Ubeda C, Corsini G. Antarctic Soil Yeasts with Fermentative Capacity and Potential for the Wine Industry. Foods 2023; 12:4496. [PMID: 38137300 PMCID: PMC10742413 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Low fermentation temperatures are usually employed to obtain high-quality wines. This is especially interesting for white wine production since it prevents the loss of volatile compounds and a browning appearance; however, available fermentative yeasts do not usually tolerate low temperatures. Therefore, an interesting place to find new yeasts with cryotolerance is the Antarctic continent. From soil samples collected in Antarctica, 125 yeasts were isolated, of which 25 exhibited fermentative activity at 10 °C. After a fingerprinting assay, we classified the candidates into nine isotypes and sequenced internal transcribed spacer regions for their identification. These yeasts were identified as part of the Mrakia genus. Sugar and alcohol tolerance tests showed that some of these Antarctic soil yeasts were able to grow up to 9% alcohol, and 25% sugar was reached; however, they exhibited longer latency periods compared to the control Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The optimal growing temperature for the isolated Antarctic yeasts was between 10 °C and 15 °C. A comprehensive analysis of the results obtained showed that the isolates 10M3-1, 4M3-6, and 4B1-35 could be good candidates for fermentation purposes due to their alcohol, sugar tolerance, and growth features. Our results prove that it is possible to isolate fermentative yeasts from Antarctic soil with promising characteristics for their potential use in the wine production industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Navarro
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8900000, Chile; (L.N.); (A.G.-M.); (N.C.)
| | - Mariona Gil i Cortiella
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8900000, Chile;
| | - Ana Gutiérrez-Moraga
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8900000, Chile; (L.N.); (A.G.-M.); (N.C.)
- Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Nancy Calisto
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8900000, Chile; (L.N.); (A.G.-M.); (N.C.)
- Centro de Investigación y Monitoreo Ambiental Antártico (CIMAA), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01855, Punta Arenas 6210427, Chile
| | - Cristina Ubeda
- Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/P. García González No 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gino Corsini
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8900000, Chile; (L.N.); (A.G.-M.); (N.C.)
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Li M, Raza M, Song S, Hou L, Zhang ZF, Gao M, Huang JE, Liu F, Cai L. Application of culturomics in fungal isolation from mangrove sediments. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:272. [PMID: 38082427 PMCID: PMC10712113 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fungi play a crucial role in ecosystems, and they have been widely considered a promising source for natural compounds that are crucial for drug discovery. Fungi have a high diversity, but about 95% of them remain unknown to science. The description rate of fungi is very low, mainly due to the inability of most fungi to grow in artificial media, which could not provide a sufficiently similar environment to their natural habitats. Moreover, many species in nature are in a state of low metabolic activity which cannot readily proliferate without proper resuscitation. Previously developed culturomics techniques are mostly designed and applicable for bacteria, with few attempts for fungal isolation because of their significantly larger cell size and hyphal growth properties. RESULTS This study attempted to isolate previously uncultured and rare fungi from mangrove sediments using newly developed fungal enrichment culture method (FECM) and fungal isolation chips (FiChips). Comparison of fungal community composition at different enrichment stages showed that FECM had great influence on fungal community composition, with rare taxa increased significantly, thus improving the isolation efficiency of previously uncultured fungi. Similarly, in situ cultivation using FiChips has a significant advantage in detecting and culturing rare fungi, as compared to the conventional dilution plate method (DPM). In addition, based on morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analyses, we described and proposed 38 new ascomycetous taxa, including three new families, eight new genera, 25 new species, and two new combinations (presented in additional file 1). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that mangrove sediments harbor a high diversity of fungi, and our new isolation approaches (FECM and FiChips) presented a high efficiency in isolating hitherto uncultured fungi, which is potentially usable for fungal isolation in other similar environments. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mubashar Raza
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management On Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Shuang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lingwei Hou
- Key Lab of Space Nutrition and Food Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun-En Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Ángel-García C, Rodríguez-Arevalo KA, Murcia Riaño N, Martínez-Caballero LN, Ceballos-Aguirre G, Jaramillo Laverde A, Martínez MF. Molecular Identification and Fungal Diversity Associated with Diseases in Hass Avocado Fruit Grown in Cauca, Colombia. Pathogens 2023; 12:1418. [PMID: 38133301 PMCID: PMC10745791 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12121418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hass avocado fruit diseases are one of the main marketing constraints in Colombia. To identify and reveal the diversity of fungi associated with diseases in fruits and peduncles, symptomatic samples were collected from 67 farms in the 9 main Hass avocado-producing municipalities of the department of Cauca located in southwestern Colombia. A total of 237 monosporic isolates were obtained that were subjected to DNA extraction, amplification of the ITS region, sequencing and functional diversity analysis based on Hill numbers by municipality and altitude. The results indicated that the genera Pseudocercospora, Diaporthe, Colletotrichum, Neofusiococcum, Lasiodiplodia and Pestatoliopsis were associated with fruit diseases. The genus with the highest number of effective species was Colletotrichum. The ITS region revealed 100% identity of the species Pseudocercospora norchiensis, which was the first report of this pathogen in the crop. There was a greater richness and diversity of associated species in the three municipalities, revealing that the higher the altitude was, the lower the richness and diversity of fungi associated with fruit diseases. These results will provide a better understanding of the identification and diversity of pathogenic microorganisms present in avocado production systems in this region of Colombia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mauricio Fernando Martínez
- Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation—AGROSAVIA, Palmira Research Center, Palmira 763533, Colombia; (C.Á.-G.); (K.A.R.-A.); (N.M.R.); (L.N.M.-C.); (G.C.-A.); (A.J.L.)
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Xie F, Sun Y, Zi ZF, Wang WJ, Wan DY, Zhou H, Ding ZT. Discovery of pyranonaphthoquinones and an eighteen-membered ring macrolide from the rhizospheric soil-derived fungus Phialocephala sp. YUD18001 by OSMAC strategy. Fitoterapia 2023; 171:105690. [PMID: 37757923 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Two new pyranonaphthoquinones, phialoyxinones A (1) and B (2), a new eighteen-membered ring lactone, phialoyxtone (3), and five known pyranonaphthoquinone derivatives were identified from the fungus Phialocephala sp. YUD18001, which was isolated from the rhizospheric soil associated with Gastrodia elata. Their structures were unequivocally established by a comprehensive interpretation of the spectroscopic data, with the stereochemistry for 1-3 was defined by a combination of TDDFT calculations, and the DP4+ probability analysis based on NMR chemical shift calculations. All of the new compounds 1-3 were evaluated for cytotoxicity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, compound 2 exhibited in vitro cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A549, MCF-7 and SW480) with IC50 values ranging from 11.80 to 19.32 μM. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited moderate AChE inhibitory activities. A putative biosynthetic pathway for the pyranonaphthoquinones was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Zi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Dai-Yu Wan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Zhong-Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation of Universities in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
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Faheem M, Bokhari SAI, Malik MA, Ahmad B, Riaz M, Zahid N, Hussain A, Ghani A, Ullah H, Shah W, Mehmood R, Ahmad K, Rasheed H, Zain A, Hussain S, Khan A, Yasin MT, Tariq H, Rizwanullah, Basheir MM, Jogezai N. Production, purification, and characterization of p-diphenol oxidase (PDO) enzyme from lignolytic fungal isolate Schizophyllum commune MF-O5. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2023; 68:867-888. [PMID: 37160524 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01056-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Fungi are producers of lignolytic extracellular enzymes which are used in industries like textile, detergents, biorefineries, and paper pulping. This study assessed for the production, purification, and characterization of novel p-diphenol oxidase (PDO; laccase) enzyme from lignolytic white-rot fungal isolate. Fungi samples collected from different areas of Pakistan were initially screened using guaiacol plate method. The maximum PDO producing fungal isolate was identified on the basis of ITS (internal transcribed spacer sequence of DNA of ribosomal RNA) sequencing. To get optimum enzyme yield, various growth and fermentation conditions were optimized. Later PDO was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation, size exclusion, and anion exchange chromatography and characterized. It was observed that the maximum PDO producing fungal isolate was Schizophyllum commune (MF-O5). Characterization results showed that the purified PDO was a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 68 kDa and showed stability at lower temperature (30 °C) for 1 h. The Km and Vmax values of the purified PDO recorded were 2.48 mM and 6.20 U/min. Thermal stability results showed that at 30 °C PDO had 119.17 kJ/K/mol Ea value and 33.64 min half-life. The PDO activity was stimulated by Cu2+ ion at 1.0 mM showing enhanced activity up to 111.04%. Strong inhibition effect was noted for Fe2+ ions at 1 mM showing 12.04% activity. The enzyme showed stability against 10 mM concentration oxidizing reducing agents like DMSO, EDTA, H2O2, NaOCl, and urea and retained more than 75% of relative activity. The characterization of purified PDO enzyme confirmed its tolerance against salt, metal ions, organic solvents, and surfactants indicating its ability to be used in the versatile commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faheem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Ali Imran Bokhari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad Malik
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Nafeesa Zahid
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, Azad Kashmir, 10250, Pakistan
| | - Adil Hussain
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR), Laboratories Complex , Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Hanif Ullah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Shah
- Department of Biosciences, Comsats University, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Mehmood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ahmad
- College of Food Sciences and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Shandong Province, 266003, Qingdao, China
| | - Hassam Rasheed
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Zain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Talha Yasin
- Insititute of Biological Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Hasnat Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwanullah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mudassir Basheir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
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Martínez-Aldino IY, Rivera-Chávez J, Morales-Jiménez J. Integrating Taxonomic and Chemical Diversity of Mangrove-Associated Ascomycetes to Discover or Repurpose Bioactive Natural Products. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:2423-2434. [PMID: 37875020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Natural product reisolation is a bottleneck when discovering new bioactive chemical entities from nature. To overcome this issue, multi-informative approaches integrating several layers of data have been applied with promising results. In this study, integration of taxonomy, nontargeted metabolomics, and bioactivity information resulted in the selection of Scytalidium sp. IQ-074 and Diaporthe sp. IQ-053 to isolate new natural products active against hPTP1B1-400 and repurpose others as antibiotics. Strain IQ-074 was selected based on the hypothesis that investigating poorly studied and highly metabolic taxa could lead to the isolation of new chemical entities. A chemical investigation of IQ-074 resulted in the isolation of papyracillic acid A (14), 7-deoxypapyracillic acid A (15a and 15b), and linear polyketides scytalpolyols A-D (16-19). Compound 17 inhibited hPTP1B1-400 with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 27.0 ± 1.7 μM. Diaporthe sp. IQ-053 was selected based on its antibacterial properties against pathogenic strains. Its chemical investigation yielded dothiorelones A (20) and I (21), cytosporones B (22) and C (23), pestalotiopsone B (24), and diaporthalasin (25). Compounds 22 and 25 inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis 42R and moderately inhibited the growth of Acinetobacter baumannii A564, a pandrug-resistant bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Y Martínez-Aldino
- Departamento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Rivera-Chávez
- Departamento de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jesús Morales-Jiménez
- CONACYT-Consorcio de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para las Zonas Áridas (CIIDZA), Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a sección, 78216 San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Departamento El Hombre y su Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, 04690 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Pereira DS, Phillips AJL. Palm Fungi and Their Key Role in Biodiversity Surveys: A Review. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1121. [PMID: 37998926 PMCID: PMC10672035 DOI: 10.3390/jof9111121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past three decades, a wealth of studies has shown that palm trees (Arecaceae) are a diverse habitat with intense fungal colonisation, making them an important substratum to explore fungal diversity. Palm trees are perennial, monocotyledonous plants mainly restricted to the tropics that include economically important crops and highly valued ornamental plants worldwide. The extensive research conducted in Southeast Asia and Australasia indicates that palm fungi are undoubtedly a taxonomically diverse assemblage from which a remarkable number of new species is continuously being reported. Despite this wealth of data, no recent comprehensive review on palm fungi exists to date. In this regard, we present here a historical account and discussion of the research on the palm fungi to reflect on their importance as a diverse and understudied assemblage. The taxonomic structure of palm fungi is also outlined, along with comments on the need for further studies to place them within modern DNA sequence-based classifications. Palm trees can be considered model plants for studying fungal biodiversity and, therefore, the key role of palm fungi in biodiversity surveys is discussed. The close association and intrinsic relationship between palm hosts and palm fungi, coupled with a high fungal diversity, suggest that the diversity of palm fungi is still far from being fully understood. The figures suggested in the literature for the diversity of palm fungi have been revisited and updated here. As a result, it is estimated that there are about 76,000 species of palm fungi worldwide, of which more than 2500 are currently known. This review emphasises that research on palm fungi may provide answers to a number of current fungal biodiversity challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana S. Pereira
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alan J. L. Phillips
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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42
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Theologidis I, Karamitros T, Vichou AE, Kizis D. Nanopore-Sequencing Metabarcoding for Identification of Phytopathogenic and Endophytic Fungi in Olive ( Olea europaea) Twigs. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1119. [PMID: 37998924 PMCID: PMC10672464 DOI: 10.3390/jof9111119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabarcoding approaches for the identification of plant disease pathogens and characterization of plant microbial populations constitute a rapidly evolving research field. Fungal plant diseases are of major phytopathological concern; thus, the development of metabarcoding approaches for the detection of phytopathogenic fungi is becoming increasingly imperative in the context of plant disease prognosis. We developed a multiplex metabarcoding method for the identification of fungal phytopathogens and endophytes in olive young shoots, using the MinION sequencing platform (Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Selected fungal-specific primers were used to amplify three different genomic DNA loci (ITS, beta-tubulin, and 28S LSU) originating from olive twigs. A multiplex metabarcoding approach was initially evaluated using healthy olive twigs, and further assessed with naturally infected olive twig samples. Bioinformatic analysis of basecalled reads was carried out using MinKNOW, BLAST+ and R programming, and results were also evaluated using the BugSeq cloud platform. Data analysis highlighted the approaches based on ITS and their combination with beta-tubulin as the most informative ones according to diversity estimations. Subsequent implementation of the method on symptomatic samples identified major olive pathogens and endophytes including genera such as Cladosporium, Didymosphaeria, Paraconiothyrium, Penicillium, Phoma, Verticillium, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Theologidis
- Laboratory of Toxicological Control of Pesticides, Scientific Directorate of Pesticides' Control & Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 St. Delta Street, 14561 Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Timokratis Karamitros
- Bioinformatics and Applied Genomics Unit, Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11521 Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Aikaterini-Eleni Vichou
- Laboratory of Mycology, Scientific Directorate of Phytopathology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 St. Delta Street, 14561 Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Dimosthenis Kizis
- Laboratory of Mycology, Scientific Directorate of Phytopathology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 St. Delta Street, 14561 Athens, Attica, Greece
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Ghoneem KM, Al-Askar AA, El-Gamal SMA, Rashad EM, Elsherbiny EA, Ibrahim SD, Marey SA, Saber WIA. Lytic and Molecular Evidence of the Widespread Coriander Leaf Spot Disease Caused by Alternaria dauci. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3872. [PMID: 38005769 PMCID: PMC10674545 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Coriandrum sativum L. is a globally significant economic herb with medicinal and aromatic properties. While coriander leaf blight disease was previously confined to India and the USA, this study presents new evidence of its outbreak in Africa and the Middle East caused by Alternaria dauci. Infected leaves display irregular chlorotic to dark brown necrotic lesions along their edges, resulting in leaf discoloration, collapse, and eventual death. The disease also impacts inflorescences and seeds, significantly reducing seed quality. Koch's postulates confirmed the pathogenicity of the fungus through the re-isolation of A. dauci from artificially infected leaves, and its morphology aligns with typical A. dauci features. Notably, this study identified strong lytic activity (cellulase: 23.76 U, xylanase: 12.83 U, pectinase: 51.84 U, amylase: 9.12 U, and proteinase: 5.73 U), suggesting a correlation with pathogenicity. Molecular characterization using ITS (ON171224) and the specific Alt-a-1 gene (OR236142) supports the fungal morphology. This research provides the first comprehensive documentation of the pathological, lytic, and molecular evidence of A. dauci leaf blight disease on coriander. Future investigations should prioritize the development of resistant coriander varieties and sustainable disease management strategies, including the use of advanced molecular techniques for swift and accurate disease diagnosis to protect coriander from the devastating impact of A. dauci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M. Ghoneem
- Department of Seed Pathology Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt; (K.M.G.); (E.M.R.)
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Seham M. A. El-Gamal
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Ehsan M. Rashad
- Department of Seed Pathology Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt; (K.M.G.); (E.M.R.)
| | - Elsherbiny A. Elsherbiny
- Department of Biology, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (RPTU), 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Shafik D. Ibrahim
- Department of Genome Mapping, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | | | - WesamEldin I. A. Saber
- Microbial Activity Unit, Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt
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Shepherd RA, Earp CE, Cank KB, Raja HA, Burdette J, Maher SP, Marin AA, Ruberto AA, Mai SL, Darveaux BA, Kyle DE, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH. Sheptide A: an antimalarial cyclic pentapeptide from a fungal strain in the Herpotrichiellaceae. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2023; 76:642-649. [PMID: 37731043 PMCID: PMC10602849 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
As part of ongoing efforts to isolate biologically active fungal metabolites, a cyclic pentapeptide, sheptide A (1), was discovered from strain MSX53339 (Herpotrichiellaceae). The structure and sequence of 1 were determined primarily by analysis of 2D NMR and HRMS/MS data, while the absolute configuration was assigned using a modified version of Marfey's method. In an in vitro assay for antimalarial potency, 1 displayed a pEC50 value of 5.75 ± 0.49 against malaria-causing Plasmodium falciparum. Compound 1 was also tested in a counter screen for general cytotoxicity against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), yielding a pCC50 value of 5.01 ± 0.45 and indicating a selectivity factor of ~6. This makes 1 the third known cyclic pentapeptide biosynthesized by fungi with antimalarial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Shepherd
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Cody E Earp
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Kristof B Cank
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Joanna Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven P Maher
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Adriana A Marin
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Anthony A Ruberto
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Lee Mai
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Dennis E Kyle
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
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45
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Bendlin A, Gemensky-Metzler AJ, Diaz-Campos D, Newbold GM, Miller EJ, Chandler HL. Evaluation of a commercial NGS service for detection of bacterial and fungal pathogens in infectious ulcerative keratitis. Vet Ophthalmol 2023; 26:500-513. [PMID: 36943705 DOI: 10.1111/vop.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare results from a commercial next-generation sequencing (NGS) service to corneal cytology and culture for identification of causative organisms in veterinary patients presenting for infectious ulcerative keratitis (IUK). PROCEDURE Swabs for corneal aerobic and fungal cultures and DNA swabs for NGS were submitted for canine and equine normal controls (n = 11 and n = 4, respectively) and IUK patients (n = 22 and n = 8, respectively) for which microbrush cytology specimens confirmed the presence of infectious organisms. The sensitivity of the NGS results was compared with bacterial and fungal culture results. Concordance between the NGS and culture results was determined. RESULTS The NGS results were positive for bacterial and fungal organisms in 5 and 1 normal and 18 and 1 IUK cases, respectively. Bacterial and fungal cultures were positive for 7 and 2 normal and 20 and 5 IUK cases, respectively. Sensitivity of NGS was 82.14% (95% confidence interval (CI), 63.11% to 93.94%) and specificity was 76.47% (95% CI, 50.10% to 93.19%). Concordance (complete and partial) between identified bacterial and fungal organisms was found in 79% and 100% of cases, respectively. NGS identified organisms in 3 culture-negative IUK samples. CONCLUSION A commercial NGS service may be useful in the identification of causative agents in IUK cases with a sensitivity greater than the sensitivity previously reported for aerobic culture. Further testing is needed to determine the clinical significance of additional organisms isolated by NGS from infected cases, as well as organisms isolated from normal corneas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Bendlin
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Dubraska Diaz-Campos
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Georgina M Newbold
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric J Miller
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Heather L Chandler
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- College of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Albayrak Turgut B, Örtücü S. A new hydrophobin candidate from Cladosporium macrocarpum with super-hydrophobic surface. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:1306-1312. [PMID: 37139745 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2201930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobins are amphipathic proteins with small molecular weights produced in filamentous fungi. These proteins are highly stable due to the disulfide bonds formed between the protected cysteine residues. They have great potential for usage in many different fields such as surface modifications, tissue engineering, and drug transport systems because hydrophobins are surfactants and soluble in harsh mediums. In this study, it was aimed to determine the hydrophobin proteins responsible for the hydrophobicity of the super-hydrophobic fungi isolates in the culture medium and to carry out the molecular characterization of the hydrophobin producer species. As a result of measuring surface hydrophobicity by determining the water contact angle, five different fungi with the highest hydrophobicity were classified as Cladosporium by classical and molecular (ITS and D1-D2 regions) methods. Also, protein extraction according to the recommended method for obtaining hydrophobins from spores of these Cladosporium species indicated that the isolates have similar protein profiles. Ultimately, the isolate named A5 with the highest water contact angle was identified as Cladosporium macrocarpum, and the 7 kDa band was appointed as a hydrophobin since it was the most abundant protein in protein extraction for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Albayrak Turgut
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Serkan Örtücü
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Türkiye
- EcoTech Biotechnology, Ata Teknokent, Erzurum, Türkiye
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47
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Montoya Q, Martiarena M, Rodrigues A. Taxonomy and systematics of the fungus-growing ant associate Escovopsis ( Hypocreaceae). Stud Mycol 2023; 106:349-397. [PMID: 38298572 PMCID: PMC10825746 DOI: 10.3114/sim.2023.106.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Escovopsis is a symbiont of fungus-growing ant colonies. Unstandardised taxonomy prevented the evaluation of the morphological diversity of Escovopsis for more than a century. The aim of this study is to create a standardised taxonomic framework to assess the morphological and phylogenetic diversity of Escovopsis. Therefore, to set the foundation for Escovopsis taxonomy and allow interspecific comparisons within the genus, we redescribe the ex-type cultures of Escovopsis aspergilloides, E. clavata, E. lentecrescens, E. microspora, E. moelleri, E. multiformis, and E. weberi. Thus, based on the parameters adopted in this study combined with phylogenetic analyses using five molecular markers, we synonymize E. microspora with E. weberi, and introduce 13 new species isolated from attine nests collected in Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Panama: E. breviramosa, E. chlamydosporosa, E. diminuta, E. elongatistipitata, E. gracilis, E. maculosa, E. papillata, E. peniculiformis, E. phialicopiosa, E. pseudocylindrica, E. rectangula, E. rosisimilis, and E. spicaticlavata. Our results revealed a great interspecific morphological diversity throughout Escovopsis. Notwithstanding, colony growth rates at different temperatures, as well as vesicle shape, appear to be the most outstanding features distinguishing species in the genus. This study fills an important gap in the systematics of Escovopsis that will allow future researchers to unravel the genetic and morphological diversity and species diversification of these attine ant symbionts. Taxonomic novelties: New species: Escovopsis breviramosa Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. chlamydosporosa Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. diminuta Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. elongatistipitata Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. gracilis Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. maculosa Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. papillata Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. peniculiformis Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. phialicopiosa Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. pseudocylindrica Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. rectangula Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. rosisimilis Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues, E. spicaticlavata Q.V. Montoya, M.J.S. Martiarena & A. Rodrigues. Citation: Montoya QV, Martiarena MJS, Rodrigues A (2023). Taxonomy and systematics of the fungus-growing ant associate Escovopsis (Hypocreaceae). Studies in Mycology 106: 349-397. doi: 10.3114/sim.2023.106.06.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q.V Montoya
- Department of General and Applied Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - M.J.S. Martiarena
- Department of General and Applied Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - A. Rodrigues
- Department of General and Applied Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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Suraby EJ, Agisha VN, Dhandapani S, Sng YH, Lim SH, Naqvi NI, Sarojam R, Yin Z, Park BS. Plant growth promotion under phosphate deficiency and improved phosphate acquisition by new fungal strain, Penicillium olsonii TLL1. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1285574. [PMID: 37965551 PMCID: PMC10642178 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1285574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiomes in soil ecosystems play a significant role in solubilizing insoluble inorganic and organic phosphate sources with low availability and mobility in the soil. They transfer the phosphate ion to plants, thereby promoting plant growth. In this study, we isolated an unidentified fungal strain, POT1 (Penicillium olsonii TLL1) from indoor dust samples, and confirmed its ability to promote root growth, especially under phosphate deficiency, as well as solubilizing activity for insoluble phosphates such as AlPO4, FePO4·4H2O, Ca3(PO4)2, and hydroxyapatite. Indeed, in vermiculite containing low and insoluble phosphate, the shoot fresh weight of Arabidopsis and leafy vegetables increased by 2-fold and 3-fold, respectively, with POT1 inoculation. We also conducted tests on crops in Singapore's local soil, which contains highly insoluble phosphate. We confirmed that with POT1, Bok Choy showed a 2-fold increase in shoot fresh weight, and Rice displayed a 2-fold increase in grain yield. Furthermore, we demonstrated that plant growth promotion and phosphate solubilizing activity of POT1 were more effective than those of four different Penicillium strains such as Penicillium bilaiae, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium janthinellum, and Penicillium simplicissimum under phosphate-limiting conditions. Our findings uncover a new fungal strain, provide a better understanding of symbiotic plant-fungal interactions, and suggest the potential use of POT1 as a biofertilizer to improve phosphate uptake and use efficiency in phosphate-limiting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erinjery Jose Suraby
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Savitha Dhandapani
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee Hwui Sng
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Hui Lim
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Naweed I. Naqvi
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rajani Sarojam
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhongchao Yin
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bong Soo Park
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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49
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Nguyen TT, Le TNG, Nguyen TH. First report of emerging fungal pathogens of Cordyceps militaris in Vietnam. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17669. [PMID: 37848482 PMCID: PMC10582018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43951-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cultivation of Cordyceps militaris, a valuable medicinal and edible fungus, has dramatically increased in Vietnam since 2010. During industrial production, parasitic white molds were found to infect the mycelia and fruiting bodies of C. militaris causing significant quality and yield losses. Two different fungal strains were obtained from the mycelia and fruiting bodies of C. militaris in Danang mushroom farms and were characterized by morphological and multiple DNA markers analysis. The sequence alignment of ITS, LSU and rpb2 markers revealed that the pathogens are related to the type species Lecanicillium coprophilum and Calcarisporium cordycipiticola with more than 99% sequence identities. The growth characteristics and pathogenic activities of the two isolated species on their host C. militaris were also investigated. The phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS sequences showed that L. coprophilum WF2611 is closer to its host C. militaris than C. cordycipiticola NT1504. To our knowledge, this is the first worldwide report of C. militaris infected by L. coprophilum which would be an useful information on prevention and control of the disease and be helpful for the industrial cultivation of C. militaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Thanh Nguyen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Danang, 550000, Vietnam.
| | - Thi Nguyen-Gia Le
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Danang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Thuan Huy Nguyen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Danang, 550000, Vietnam
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50
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Swiontek Brzezinska M, Kaczmarek-Szczepańska B, Dąbrowska GB, Michalska-Sionkowska M, Dembińska K, Richert A, Pejchalová M, Kumar SB, Kalwasińska A. Application Potential of Trichoderma in the Degradation of Phenolic Acid-Modified Chitosan. Foods 2023; 12:3669. [PMID: 37835322 PMCID: PMC10572696 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the potential use of fungi of the genus Trichoderma for the degradation of phenolic acid-modified chitosan in compost. At the same time, the enzymatic activity in the compost was checked after the application of a preparation containing a suspension of the fungi Trichoderma (spores concentration 105/mL). The Trichoderma strains were characterized by high lipase and aminopeptidase activity, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanases. T. atroviride TN1 and T. citrinoviride TN3 metabolized the modified chitosan films best. Biodegradation of modified chitosan films by native microorganisms in the compost was significantly less effective than after the application of a formulation composed of Trichoderma TN1 and TN3. Bioaugmentation with a Trichoderma preparation had a significant effect on the activity of all enzymes in the compost. The highest oxygen consumption in the presence of chitosan with tannic acid film was found after the application of the consortium of these strains (861 mg O2/kg after 21 days of incubation). Similarly, chitosan with gallic acid and chitosan with ferulic acid were found after the application of the consortium of these strains (849 mgO2/kg and 725 mg O2/kg after 21 days of incubation). The use of the Trichoderma consortium significantly increased the chitinase activity. The application of Trichoderma also offers many possibilities in sustainable agriculture. Trichoderma can not only degrade chitosan films, but also protect plants against fungal pathogens by synthesizing chitinases and β-1,3 glucanases with antifungal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Swiontek Brzezinska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.M.-S.); (K.D.); (S.B.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Beata Kaczmarek-Szczepańska
- Department of Biomaterials and Cosmetics Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Grażyna B. Dąbrowska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (G.B.D.); (A.R.)
| | - Marta Michalska-Sionkowska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.M.-S.); (K.D.); (S.B.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Dembińska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.M.-S.); (K.D.); (S.B.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Richert
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (G.B.D.); (A.R.)
| | - Marcela Pejchalová
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Sudentska 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic;
| | - Sweta Binod Kumar
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.M.-S.); (K.D.); (S.B.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Kalwasińska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.M.-S.); (K.D.); (S.B.K.); (A.K.)
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