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Guo T, Wan Z, Panahi-Sarmad M, Banvillet G, Lu Y, Zargar S, Tian J, Jiang F, Mao Y, Tu Q, Rojas OJ. Chitin Nanofibers Enable the Colloidal Dispersion of Carbon Nanomaterials in Aqueous Phase and Hybrid Material Coassembly. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14954-14967. [PMID: 38820368 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Chitin nanofibrils (ChNF) sourced from discarded marine biomass are shown as effective stabilizers of carbon nanomaterials in aqueous media. Such stabilization is evaluated for carbon nanotubes (CNT) considering spatial and temporal perspectives by using experimental (small-angle X-ray scattering, among others) and theoretical (atomistic simulation) approaches. We reveal that the coassembly of ChNF and CNT is governed by hydrophobic interactions, while electrostatic repulsion drives the colloidal stabilization of the hybrid ChNF/CNT system. Related effects are found to be transferable to multiwalled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanosheets. The observations explain the functionality of hybrid membranes obtained by aqueous phase processing, which benefit from an excellent areal mass distribution (correlated to piezoresistivity), also contributing to high electromechanical performance. The water resistance and flexibility of the ChNF/CNT membranes (along with its tensile strength at break of 190 MPa, conductivity of up to 426 S/cm, and piezoresistivity and light absorption properties) are conveniently combined in a device demonstration, a sunlight water evaporator. The latter is shown to present a high evaporation rate (as high as 1.425 kg water m-2 h-1 under one sun illumination) and recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Guo
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Zhangmin Wan
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Mahyar Panahi-Sarmad
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Gabriel Banvillet
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yi Lu
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shiva Zargar
- Sustainable Bioeconomy Research Group, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1 Z4, Canada
| | - Jing Tian
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yimin Mao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Qingshi Tu
- Sustainable Bioeconomy Research Group, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1 Z4, Canada
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2900-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Zhou M, Chen D, Chen Q, Chen P, Song G, Chang C. Reversible Surface Engineering of Cellulose Elementary Fibrils: From Ultralong Nanocelluloses to Advanced Cellulosic Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312220. [PMID: 38288877 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are supramolecular assemblies of cellulose chains that provide outstanding mechanical support and structural functions for cellulosic organisms. However, traditional chemical pretreatments and mechanical defibrillation of natural cellulose produce irreversible surface functionalization and adverse effects of morphology of the CNFs, respectively, which limit the utilization of CNFs in nanoassembly and surface functionalization. Herein, this work presents a facile and energetically efficient surface engineering strategy to completely exfoliate cellulose elementary fibrils from various bioresources, which provides CNFs with ultrahigh aspect ratios (≈1400) and reversible surface. During the mild process of swelling and esterification, the crystallinity and the morphology of the elementary fibrils are retained, resulting in high yields (98%) with low energy consumption (12.4 kJ g-1). In particular, on the CNF surface, the surface hydroxyl groups are restored by removal of the carboxyl moieties via saponification, which offers a significant opportunity for reconstitution of stronger hydrogen bonding interfaces. Therefore, the resultant CNFs can be used as sustainable building blocks for construction of multidimensional advanced cellulosic materials, e.g., 1D filaments, 2D films, and 3D aerogels. The proposed surface engineering strategy provides a new platform for fully utilizing the characteristics of the cellulose elementary fibrils in the development of high-performance cellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials in Hubei Province, and Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Dongzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials in Hubei Province, and Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Pan Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Guangjie Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials in Hubei Province, and Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P. R. China
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Reynolds J, Wilkins M, Martin D, Taggart M, Rivera KR, Tunc-Ozdemir M, Rufty T, Lobaton E, Bozkurt A, Daniele MA. Evaluating Bacterial Nanocellulose Interfaces for Recording Surface Biopotentials from Plants. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2335. [PMID: 38610546 PMCID: PMC11014089 DOI: 10.3390/s24072335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The study of plant electrophysiology offers promising techniques to track plant health and stress in vivo for both agricultural and environmental monitoring applications. Use of superficial electrodes on the plant body to record surface potentials may provide new phenotyping insights. Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a flexible, optically translucent, and water-vapor-permeable material with low manufacturing costs, making it an ideal substrate for non-invasive and non-destructive plant electrodes. This work presents BNC electrodes with screen-printed carbon (graphite) ink-based conductive traces and pads. It investigates the potential of these electrodes for plant surface electrophysiology measurements in comparison to commercially available standard wet gel and needle electrodes. The electrochemically active surface area and impedance of the BNC electrodes varied based on the annealing temperature and time over the ranges of 50 °C to 90 °C and 5 to 60 min, respectively. The water vapor transfer rate and optical transmittance of the BNC substrate were measured to estimate the level of occlusion caused by these surface electrodes on the plant tissue. The total reduction in chlorophyll content under the electrodes was measured after the electrodes were placed on maize leaves for up to 300 h, showing that the BNC caused only a 16% reduction. Maize leaf transpiration was reduced by only 20% under the BNC electrodes after 72 h compared to a 60% reduction under wet gel electrodes in 48 h. On three different model plants, BNC-carbon ink surface electrodes and standard invasive needle electrodes were shown to have a comparable signal quality, with a correlation coefficient of >0.9, when measuring surface biopotentials induced by acute environmental stressors. These are strong indications of the superior performance of the BNC substrate with screen-printed graphite ink as an electrode material for plant surface biopotential recordings.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Reynolds
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (J.R.); (E.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Michael Wilkins
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (J.R.); (E.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Devon Martin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (J.R.); (E.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Matthew Taggart
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Kristina R. Rivera
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27695, USA
| | - Meral Tunc-Ozdemir
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Thomas Rufty
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Edgar Lobaton
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (J.R.); (E.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Alper Bozkurt
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (J.R.); (E.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Michael A. Daniele
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; (J.R.); (E.L.); (A.B.)
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27695, USA
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Xu Y, Gilbert EP, Sokolova A, Stokes JR. Phase transition and gelation in cellulose nanocrystal-based aqueous suspensions studied by SANS. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 658:660-670. [PMID: 38134674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Aqueous suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) form a re-entrant liquid crystal (LC) phase with increasing salinity. Phase separation occurs in this LC state leading to a biphasic gel with a flow programmable structure that can be used to form anisotropic soft materials. We term this state a Liquid Crystal Hydroglass (LCH). Defining the mechanisms by which the LCH forms requires detailed structural analysis at the mesoscopic length scale. EXPERIMENTS By utilising Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), we investigated the microstructure transitions in CNC suspensions, with a particular focus on the unique LC re-entrancy and gelation into the biphasic LCH. FINDINGS Scattering from LCH gels comprises contributions from a dispersed liquid state and static heterogeneity, characterised using a Lorentzian-Gaussian model of inhomogeneity. This conceptually supports a gelation mechanism (spinodal decomposition) in CNC suspensions towards a biphasic structure of the LCH. It also demonstrates that, with increasing salinity, the non-monotonic variation in effective volume fraction of CNC rods fundamentally causes the LC re-entrancy. This work provides the first experimental characterisation of the LC-re-entrancy and formation of an anisotropic LCH gel. The proposed mechanism can be extended to understanding the general behaviour of anisotropic colloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
| | - Elliot P Gilbert
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, ANSTO, Lucas Heights, New South Wales, 2234, Australia
| | - Anna Sokolova
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, ANSTO, Lucas Heights, New South Wales, 2234, Australia
| | - Jason R Stokes
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
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5
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Grachev V, Deschaume O, Lang PR, Lettinga MP, Bartic C, Thielemans W. Dimensions of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Cotton and Bacterial Cellulose: Comparison of Microscopy and Scattering Techniques. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:455. [PMID: 38470785 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Different microscopy and scattering methods used in the literature to determine the dimensions of cellulose nanocrystals derived from cotton and bacterial cellulose were compared to investigate potential bias and discrepancies. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), depolarized dynamic light scattering (DDLS), and static light scattering (SLS) were compared. The lengths, widths, and heights of the particles and their respective distributions were determined by AFM. In agreement with previous work, the CNCs were found to have a ribbon-like shape, regardless of the source of cellulose or the surface functional groups. Tip broadening and agglomeration of the particles during deposition cause AFM-derived lateral dimensions to be systematically larger those obtained from SAXS measurements. The radius of gyration determined by SLS showed a good correlation with the dimensions obtained by AFM. The hydrodynamic lateral dimensions determined by DDLS were found to have the same magnitude as either the width or height obtained from the other techniques; however, the precision of DDLS was limited due to the mismatch between the cylindrical model and the actual shape of the CNCs, and to constraints in the fitting procedure. Therefore, the combination of AFM and SAXS, or microscopy and small-angle scattering, is recommended for the most accurate determination of CNC dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Grachev
- Sustainable Materials Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Olivier Deschaume
- Laboratory for Soft Matter Physics and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D Box 2416, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter R Lang
- Institute for Biomacromolecular Systems and Processes Group (IBI-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Minne Paul Lettinga
- Laboratory for Soft Matter Physics and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D Box 2416, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Institute for Biomacromolecular Systems and Processes Group (IBI-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Carmen Bartic
- Laboratory for Soft Matter Physics and Biophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D Box 2416, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Thielemans
- Sustainable Materials Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
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6
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Fanova A, Sotiropoulos K, Radulescu A, Papagiannopoulos A. Advances in Small Angle Neutron Scattering on Polysaccharide Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:490. [PMID: 38399868 PMCID: PMC10891522 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide materials and biomaterials gain the focus of intense research owing to their great versatility in chemical structures and modification possibilities, as well as their biocompatibility, degradability, and sustainability features. This review focuses on the recent advances in the application of SANS on polysaccharide systems covering a broad range of materials such as nanoparticulate assemblies, hydrogels, nanocomposites, and plant-originating nanostructured systems. It motivates the use of SANS in its full potential by demonstrating the features of contrast variation and contrast matching methods and by reporting the methodologies for data analysis and interpretation. As these soft matter systems may be organized in multiple length scales depending on the interactions and chemical bonds between their components, SANS offers exceptional and unique opportunities for advanced characterization and optimization of new nanostructured polysaccharide materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Fanova
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85747 Garching, Germany; (A.F.); (A.R.)
| | | | - Aurel Radulescu
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85747 Garching, Germany; (A.F.); (A.R.)
| | - Aristeidis Papagiannopoulos
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
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Frka-Petesic B, Parton TG, Honorato-Rios C, Narkevicius A, Ballu K, Shen Q, Lu Z, Ogawa Y, Haataja JS, Droguet BE, Parker RM, Vignolini S. Structural Color from Cellulose Nanocrystals or Chitin Nanocrystals: Self-Assembly, Optics, and Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12595-12756. [PMID: 38011110 PMCID: PMC10729353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Widespread concerns over the impact of human activity on the environment have resulted in a desire to replace artificial functional materials with naturally derived alternatives. As such, polysaccharides are drawing increasing attention due to offering a renewable, biodegradable, and biocompatible feedstock for functional nanomaterials. In particular, nanocrystals of cellulose and chitin have emerged as versatile and sustainable building blocks for diverse applications, ranging from mechanical reinforcement to structural coloration. Much of this interest arises from the tendency of these colloidally stable nanoparticles to self-organize in water into a lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal, which can be readily manipulated in terms of its periodicity, structure, and geometry. Importantly, this helicoidal ordering can be retained into the solid-state, offering an accessible route to complex nanostructured films, coatings, and particles. In this review, the process of forming iridescent, structurally colored films from suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is summarized and the mechanisms underlying the chemical and physical phenomena at each stage in the process explored. Analogy is then drawn with chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs), allowing for key differences to be critically assessed and strategies toward structural coloration to be presented. Importantly, the progress toward translating this technology from academia to industry is summarized, with unresolved scientific and technical questions put forward as challenges to the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Frka-Petesic
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- International
Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Thomas G. Parton
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Camila Honorato-Rios
- Department
of Sustainable and Bio-inspired Materials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Aurimas Narkevicius
- B
CUBE − Center for Molecular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kevin Ballu
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Qingchen Shen
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Zihao Lu
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Ogawa
- CERMAV-CNRS,
CS40700, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Johannes S. Haataja
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University School
of Science, P.O. Box
15100, Aalto, Espoo FI-00076, Finland
| | - Benjamin E. Droguet
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Richard M. Parker
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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8
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Attia D, Mendelson O, Levi-Kalisman Y, Bitton R, Yerushalmi-Rozen R. Enantioselective disruption of cellulose nanocrystal self-assembly into chiral nematic phases in D-alanine solutions. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:16890-16895. [PMID: 37847510 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03077f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The chiral environment of enantiomerically pure D-alanine solutions is observed to disrupt and modify the entropy-driven assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) into a chiral nematic mesophase. The effect is specific to D-alanine and cannot be attributed to the adsorption of alanine molecules (neither D- nor L-alanine) onto the CNC particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Attia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - Orit Mendelson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
- Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Department of Chemistry, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel
| | - Yael Levi-Kalisman
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and the Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ronit Bitton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscience and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Rachel Yerushalmi-Rozen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscience and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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9
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Nasseri R, Bouzari N, Huang J, Golzar H, Jankhani S, Tang XS, Mekonnen TH, Aghakhani A, Shahsavan H. Programmable nanocomposites of cellulose nanocrystals and zwitterionic hydrogels for soft robotics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6108. [PMID: 37777525 PMCID: PMC10542366 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels have garnered significant attention as a versatile class of soft actuators. Introducing anisotropic properties, and shape-change programmability to responsive hydrogels promises a host of opportunities in the development of soft robots. Herein we report the synthesis of pH-responsive hydrogel nanocomposites with predetermined microstructural anisotropy, shape-transformation, and self-healing. Our hydrogel nanocomposites are largely composed of zwitterionic monomers and asymmetric cellulose nanocrystals. While the zwitterionic nature of the network imparts both self-healing and cytocompatibility to our hydrogel nanocomposites, the shear-induced alignment of cellulose nanocrystals renders their anisotropic swelling and mechanical properties. Thanks to the self-healing properties, we utilized a cut-and-paste approach to program reversible, and complex deformation into our hydrogels. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated the transport of light cargo using tethered and untethered soft robots made from our hydrogels. We believe the proposed material system introduce a powerful toolbox for the development of future generations of biomedical soft robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Nasseri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Negin Bouzari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Junting Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hossein Golzar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sarah Jankhani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xiaowu Shirley Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Tizazu H Mekonnen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Institute for Polymer Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Amirreza Aghakhani
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems (IBBS), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hamed Shahsavan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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10
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Trivedi AK, Gupta MK. An efficient approach to extract nanocrystalline cellulose from sisal fibers: Structural, morphological, thermal and antibacterial analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123496. [PMID: 36731698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose has been proposed by many researchers as a suitable bio-reinforcement material for the development of sustainable bio-nanocomposites in advanced applications due to its excellent properties. Conventional techniques for extracting nanocellulose from plant biomass are time-consuming and involve chemical wastage. This study aims to extract nanocellulose using simple processes with minimal consumption of chemicals in a minimum time. In the present work, cellulose nanocrystalline has been extracted from sisal fibers efficiently by chemical treatment assisted with steam explosion and mechanical grinding. The morphology of extracted sisal cellulose nanocrystalline (CNC-S) was analyzed by FESEM, whereas the DLS, TEM and AFM confirmed its nanosize. The average aspect ratio and zeta potential (ζ) of CNC-S were measured as 7.4 and -14.3 mV, respectively. The XRD analysis indicated that the crystallinity of the fibers considerably improved from 48.74 % for untreated fibers (UT-S) to 74.28 % for CNC-S. The chemical structure of the fibers was changed as hemicellulose and lignin were found to be eliminated after the chemical treatment which FTIR confirmed. From TGA-DTG results, it was observed that CNC-S has good thermal stability. It was also noticed that CNC-S did not show any antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus due to the complete removal of lignin. This study suggests that the present extraction process can be considered as an efficient process to convert fibers into high performance nanocellulose to be used as potential reinforcing material in advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Kumar Trivedi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, U.P., India
| | - M K Gupta
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, U.P., India.
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11
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Solhi L, Guccini V, Heise K, Solala I, Niinivaara E, Xu W, Mihhels K, Kröger M, Meng Z, Wohlert J, Tao H, Cranston ED, Kontturi E. Understanding Nanocellulose-Water Interactions: Turning a Detriment into an Asset. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1925-2015. [PMID: 36724185 PMCID: PMC9999435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Modern technology has enabled the isolation of nanocellulose from plant-based fibers, and the current trend focuses on utilizing nanocellulose in a broad range of sustainable materials applications. Water is generally seen as a detrimental component when in contact with nanocellulose-based materials, just like it is harmful for traditional cellulosic materials such as paper or cardboard. However, water is an integral component in plants, and many applications of nanocellulose already accept the presence of water or make use of it. This review gives a comprehensive account of nanocellulose-water interactions and their repercussions in all key areas of contemporary research: fundamental physical chemistry, chemical modification of nanocellulose, materials applications, and analytical methods to map the water interactions and the effect of water on a nanocellulose matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Solhi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Valentina Guccini
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Katja Heise
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Iina Solala
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Elina Niinivaara
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Wenyang Xu
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, TurkuFI-20500, Finland
| | - Karl Mihhels
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Marcel Kröger
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Zhuojun Meng
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou325001, China
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre (WWSC), Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Han Tao
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
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12
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Österberg M, Henn KA, Farooq M, Valle-Delgado JJ. Biobased Nanomaterials─The Role of Interfacial Interactions for Advanced Materials. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2200-2241. [PMID: 36720130 PMCID: PMC9999428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This review presents recent advances regarding biomass-based nanomaterials, focusing on their surface interactions. Plant biomass-based nanoparticles, like nanocellulose and lignin from industry side streams, hold great potential for the development of lightweight, functional, biodegradable, or recyclable material solutions for a sustainable circular bioeconomy. However, to obtain optimal properties of the nanoparticles and materials made thereof, it is crucial to control the interactions both during particle production and in applications. Herein we focus on the current understanding of these interactions. Solvent interactions during particle formation and production, as well as interactions with water, polymers, cells and other components in applications, are addressed. We concentrate on cellulose and lignin nanomaterials and their combination. We demonstrate how the surface chemistry of the nanomaterials affects these interactions and how excellent performance is only achieved when the interactions are controlled. We furthermore introduce suitable methods for probing interactions with nanomaterials, describe their advantages and challenges, and introduce some less commonly used methods and discuss their possible applications to gain a deeper understanding of the interfacial chemistry of biobased nanomaterials. Finally, some gaps in current understanding and interesting emerging research lines are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Österberg
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150Espoo, Finland
| | - K Alexander Henn
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150Espoo, Finland
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150Espoo, Finland
| | - Juan José Valle-Delgado
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150Espoo, Finland
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13
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Schmitt J, Calabrese V, da Silva MA, Hossain KMZ, Li P, Mahmoudi N, Dalgliesh RM, Washington AL, Scott JL, Edler KJ. Surfactant induced gelation of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibril dispersions probed using small angle neutron scattering. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:034901. [PMID: 36681636 DOI: 10.1063/5.0129276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we studied TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibril (OCNF) suspensions in the presence of diverse surfactants. Using a combination of small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and rheology, we compared the physical properties of the suspensions with their structural behavior. Four surfactants were studied, all with the same hydrophobic tail length but different headgroups: hexaethylene glycol mono-n-dodecyl ether (C12EO6, nonionic), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, anionic), cocamidopropyl betaine (CapB, zwitterionic), and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB, cationic). Contrast variation SANS studies using deuterated version of C12EO6 or SDS, or by varying the D2O/H2O ratio of the suspensions (with CapB), allowed focusing only on the structural properties of OCNFs or surfactant micelles. We showed that, in the concentration range studied, for C12EO6, although the nanofibrils are concentrated thanks to an excluded volume effect observed in SANS, the rheological properties of the suspensions are not affected. Addition of SDS or CapB induces gelation for surfactant concentrations superior to the critical micellar concentration (CMC). SANS results show that attractive interactions between OCNFs arise in the presence of these anionic or zwitterionic surfactants, hinting at depletion attraction as the main mechanism of gelation. Finally, addition of small amounts of DTAB (below the CMC) allows formation of a tough gel by adsorbing onto the OCNF surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Calabrese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Marcelo A da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Kazi M Z Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Peixun Li
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Najet Mahmoudi
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Robert M Dalgliesh
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Adam L Washington
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Janet L Scott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Karen J Edler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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14
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Development of Stable Pickering Emulsions with TEMPO-Oxidized Chitin Nanocrystals for Encapsulation of Quercetin. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020367. [PMID: 36673458 PMCID: PMC9857725 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pickering emulsions stabilized by TEMPO-oxidized chitin nanocrystals (T-ChNCs) were developed for quercetin delivery. T-ChNCs were synthesized by TEMPO oxidation chitin and systematically characterized in terms of their physicochemical properties. T-ChNCs were rod-like with a length of 279.7 ± 11.5 nm and zeta potential around -56.1 ± 1.6 mV. The Pickering emulsions were analyzed through an optical microscope and CLSM. The results showed that the emulsion had a small droplet size (972.9 ± 86.0 to 1322.3 ± 447.7 nm), a high absolute zeta potential value (-48.2 ± 0.8 to -52.9 ± 1.9 mV) and a high encapsulation efficiency (quercetin: 79.6%). The emulsion stability was measured at different levels of T-ChNCs and pH values. The droplet size and zeta potential decreased with longer storage periods. The emulsions formed by T-ChNCs retarded the release of quercetin at half rate of that of the quercetin ethanol solution. These findings indicated that T-ChNCs are a promising candidate for effectively stabilizing Pickering emulsions and controlling release of quercetin.
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15
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Kamal T, Ul-Islam M, Fatima A, Ullah MW, Manan S. Cost-Effective Synthesis of Bacterial Cellulose and Its Applications in the Food and Environmental Sectors. Gels 2022; 8:gels8090552. [PMID: 36135264 PMCID: PMC9498321 DOI: 10.3390/gels8090552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC), also termed bio-cellulose, has been recognized as a biomaterial of vital importance, thanks to its impressive structural features, diverse synthesis routes, high thermomechanical properties, and its ability to combine with multiple additives to form composites for a wide range of applications in diversified areas. Its purity, nontoxicity, and better physico-mechanical features than plant cellulose (PC) make it a better choice for biological applications. However, a major issue with the use of BC instead of PC for various applications is its high production costs, mainly caused by the use of expensive components in the chemically defined media, such as Hestrin–Schramm (HS) medium. Furthermore, the low yield of BC-producing bacteria indirectly accounts for the high cost of BC-based products. Over the last couple of decades, extensive efforts have been devoted to the exploration of low-cost carbon sources for BC production, besides identifying efficient bacterial strains as well as developing engineered strains, developing advanced reactors, and optimizing the culturing conditions for the high yield and productivity of BC, with the aim to minimize its production cost. Considering the applications, BC has attracted attention in highly diversified areas, such as medical, pharmaceutics, textile, cosmetics, food, environmental, and industrial sectors. This review is focused on overviewing the cost-effective synthesis routes for BC production, along with its noteworthy applications in the food and environmental sectors. We have made a comprehensive review of recent papers regarding the cost-effective production and applications of BC in the food and environmental sectors. This review provides the basic knowledge and understanding for cost-effective and scaleup of BC production by discussing the techno-economic analysis of BC production, BC market, and commercialization of BC products. It explores BC applications as food additives as its functionalization to minimize different environmental hazards, such as air contaminants and water pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahseen Kamal
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22230, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Mazhar Ul-Islam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah 2509, Oman
| | - Atiya Fatima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah 2509, Oman
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sehrish Manan
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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16
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Shen P, Tang Q, Chen X, Li Z. Nanocrystalline cellulose extracted from bast fibers: Preparation, characterization, and application. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 290:119462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Das R, Lindström T, Sharma PR, Chi K, Hsiao BS. Nanocellulose for Sustainable Water Purification. Chem Rev 2022; 122:8936-9031. [PMID: 35330990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanocelluloses (NC) are nature-based sustainable biomaterials, which not only possess cellulosic properties but also have the important hallmarks of nanomaterials, such as large surface area, versatile reactive sites or functionalities, and scaffolding stability to host inorganic nanoparticles. This class of nanomaterials offers new opportunities for a broad spectrum of applications for clean water production that were once thought impractical. This Review covers substantial discussions based on evaluative judgments of the recent literature and technical advancements in the fields of coagulation/flocculation, adsorption, photocatalysis, and membrane filtration for water decontamination through proper understanding of fundamental knowledge of NC, such as purity, crystallinity, surface chemistry and charge, suspension rheology, morphology, mechanical properties, and film stability. To supplement these, discussions on low-cost and scalable NC extraction, new characterizations including solution small-angle X-ray scattering evaluation, and structure-property relationships of NC are also reviewed. Identifying knowledge gaps and drawing perspectives could generate guidance to overcome uncertainties associated with the adaptation of NC-enabled water purification technologies. Furthermore, the topics of simultaneous removal of multipollutants disposal and proper handling of post/spent NC are discussed. We believe NC-enabled remediation nanomaterials can be integrated into a broad range of water treatments, greatly improving the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasel Das
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Tom Lindström
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States.,KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Priyanka R Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Kai Chi
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Benjamin S Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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18
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Plant-Mediated Green Synthesis of Ag NPs and Their Possible Applications: A Critical Review. JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/2779237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential applications of Ag NPs are exciting and beneficial in a variety of fields; however, there is less awareness of the new risks posed by inappropriate disposal of Ag NPs. The Ag NPs have medicinal, plasmonic, and catalytic properties. The Ag NPs can be prepared via physical, chemical, or biological routes, and the selection of any specific route depends largely on the end-use. The downside of a physical and chemical approach is that it requires a wide space, high temperature, high temperature for a longer time to preserve the thermal stability of synthesized Ag NPs, and the use of toxic chemicals. Although these methods produce nanoparticles with high purity and well-defined morphology, it is critical to develop cost-effective, energy-efficient, and facile route, such as green synthesis; it suggests the desirable use of renewable resources by avoiding the use of additional solvents and toxic reagents in order to achieve the ultimate goal. However, each method has its pros and cons. The synthesized Ag NPs obtained using the green approach have larger biocompatibility and are less toxic towards the biotic systems. However, identifying the phytoconstituents that are responsible for nanoparticle synthesis is difficult and has been reported as a suitable candidate for biological application. The concentration of the effective bioreducing phytoconstituents plays a crucial role in deciding the morphology of the nanoparticle. Besides these reaction times, temperature, pH, and concentration of silver salt are some of the key factors that determine the morphology. Hence, careful optimization in the methodology is required as different morphologies have different properties and usage. It is due to which the development of methods to prepare nanoparticles effectively using various plant extracts is gaining rapid momentum in recent days. To make sense of what involves in the bioreduction of silver salt and to isolate the secondary metabolites from plants are yet challenging. This review focuses on the contribution of plant-mediated Ag NPs in different applications and their toxicity in the aquatic system.
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19
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Cohen N, Attia D, Levi‐Kalisman Y, Bitton R, Yerushalmi‐Rozen R. Emergent hybrid mesophases in ternary mixtures of cellulose nanocrystals ‐ Pluronic micelles‐water. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neta Cohen
- Department of Chemical Engineering Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev Beer‐Sheva Israel
| | - David Attia
- Department of Chemical Engineering Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev Beer‐Sheva Israel
| | - Yael Levi‐Kalisman
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and The Institute of Life Sciences The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel
| | - Ronit Bitton
- Department of Chemical Engineering Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev Beer‐Sheva Israel
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscience and Technology Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev Beer‐Sheva Israel
| | - Rachel Yerushalmi‐Rozen
- Department of Chemical Engineering Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev Beer‐Sheva Israel
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscience and Technology Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev Beer‐Sheva Israel
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20
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Surfactant-Mediated Co-Existence of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks and Cellulose Nanocrystal Mesophases. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113059. [PMID: 34835823 PMCID: PMC8624387 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hybrids comprising cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and percolated networks of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) may serve for the casting of hybrid materials with improved optical, mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, CNC-dispersed SWNTs are depleted from the chiral nematic (N*) phase and enrich the isotropic phase. Herein, we report that SWNTs dispersed by non-ionic surfactant or triblock copolymers are incorporated within the surfactant-mediated CNC mesophases. Small-angle X-ray measurements indicate that the nanostructure of the hybrid phases is only slightly modified by the presence of the surfactants, and the chiral nature of the N* phase is preserved. Cryo-TEM and Raman spectroscopy show that SWNTs networks with typical mesh size from hundreds of nanometers to microns are distributed equally between the two phases. We suggest that the adsorption of the surfactants or polymers mediates the interfacial interaction between the CNCs and SWNTs, enhancing the formation of co-existing meso-structures in the hybrid phases.
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21
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Li M, He B, Chen Y, Zhao L. Physicochemical Properties of Nanocellulose Isolated from Cotton Stalk Waste. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:25162-25169. [PMID: 34632175 PMCID: PMC8495699 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nanocellulose has become an attractive and high-value-added product. The cotton stalk is a waste product with a high cellulose content. Therefore, nanocellulose can be isolated from the cotton stalk. Properties of nanocellulose are affected by its nanoscale. In this study, the characteristics of cellulose in nanoscale were investigated. A series of cotton stalk nanocelluloses were prepared by sulfuric acid hydrolysis to study their physicochemical properties and the differences of nanocelluloses on different nanoscales. The obtained nanocelluloses were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TA), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). From the morphology analysis, the mean length and width of nanocelluloses were decreased to 90.5 and 7.0 nm, respectively. From the FTIR analysis, with the particle size decreasing, hydrogen bonds were broken and recombined. Acid hydrolysis mainly acted on intramolecular hydrogen bonds of cellulose macromolecules, especially on O(3)H···O(5) bonds. The crystal arrangement model of nanocellulose was investigated. From the TA analysis, the thermal property was decreased with a reduction of nanocellulose particle size. The CrI of the cotton stalk nanocellulose was the highest at up to 87.10%. The differences of cotton stalk nanocelluloses give significant changes to physicochemical behaviors at the nanoscale. The research would provide a theoretical basis for the future application of nanocelluloses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Printing
& Packaging of China National Light Industry, Key Laboratory of
Printing & Packaging Materials and Technology of Shandong Province,
School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Daxue Road, Changqing District, Ji’nan City, Shandong Province 250353, P.R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Beihai He
- State
Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- Hubei
Province Fibre Inspection Bureau, Wuhan 430000, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
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22
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Rosén T, Wang R, He H, Zhan C, Chodankar S, Hsiao BS. Understanding ion-induced assembly of cellulose nanofibrillar gels through shear-free mixing and in situ scanning-SAXS. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:4940-4951. [PMID: 34485817 PMCID: PMC8386416 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00236h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) have shown tremendous potential as a building block to fabricate new advanced materials that are both biocompatible and biodegradable. The excellent mechanical properties of the individual CNF can be transferred to macroscale fibers through careful control in hydrodynamic alignment and assembly processes. The optimization of such processes relies on the understanding of nanofibril dynamics during the process, which in turn requires in situ characterization. Here, we use a shear-free mixing experiment combined with scanning small-angle X-ray scattering (scanning-SAXS) to provide time-resolved nanoscale kinetics during the in situ assembly of dispersed cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) upon mixing with a sodium chloride solution. The addition of monovalent ions led to the transition to a volume-spanning arrested (gel) state. The transition of CNFs is associated with segmental aggregation of the particles, leading to a connected network and reduced Brownian motion, whereby an aligned structure can be preserved. Furthermore, we find that the extensional flow seems to enhance the formation of these segmental aggregates, which in turn provides a comprehensible explanation for the superior material properties obtained in shear-free processes used for spinning filaments from CNFs. This observation clearly highlights the need for different assembly strategies depending on morphology and interactions of the dispersed nanoparticles, where this work can be used as a guide for improved nanomaterial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Rosén
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ruifu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA
| | - HongRui He
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA
| | - Chengbo Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA
| | - Shirish Chodankar
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Lab Upton NY USA
| | - Benjamin S Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA
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23
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Rosén T, Hsiao BS, Söderberg LD. Elucidating the Opportunities and Challenges for Nanocellulose Spinning. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2001238. [PMID: 32830341 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Man-made continuous fibers play an essential role in society today. With the increase in global sustainability challenges, there is a broad spectrum of societal needs where the development of advanced biobased fibers could provide means to address the challenges. Biobased regenerated fibers, produced from dissolved cellulose are widely used today for clothes, upholstery, and linens. With new developments in the area of advanced biobased fibers, it would be possible to compete with high-performance synthetic fibers such as glass fibers and carbon fibers as well as to provide unique functionalities. One possible development is to fabricate fibers by spinning filaments from nanocellulose, Nature's nanoscale high-performance building block, which will require detailed insights into nanoscale assembly mechanisms during spinning, as well as knowledge regarding possible functionalization. If successful, this could result in a new class of man-made biobased fibers. This work aims to identify the progress made in the field of spinning of nanocellulose filaments, as well as outline necessary steps for efficient fabrication of such nanocellulose-based filaments with controlled and predictable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Rosén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, S-100 44, Sweden
| | - Benjamin S Hsiao
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
| | - L Daniel Söderberg
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, S-100 44, Sweden
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24
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Jalili AR, Satalov A, Nazari S, Rahmat Suryanto BH, Sun J, Ghasemian MB, Mayyas M, Kandjani AE, Sabri YM, Mayes E, Bhargava SK, Araki J, Zakri C, Poulin P, Esrafilzadeh D, Amal R. Liquid Crystal-Mediated 3D Printing Process to Fabricate Nano-Ordered Layered Structures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28627-28638. [PMID: 34110785 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of three-dimensional (3D) printing promises a disruption in the design and on-demand fabrication of smart structures in applications ranging from functional devices to human organs. However, the scale at which 3D printing excels is within macro- and microlevels and principally lacks the spatial ordering of building blocks at nanolevels, which is vital for most multifunctional devices. Herein, we employ liquid crystal (LC) inks to bridge the gap between the nano- and microscales in a single-step 3D printing. The LC ink is prepared from mixtures of LCs of nanocellulose whiskers and large sheets of graphene oxide, which offers a highly ordered laminar organization not inherently present in the source materials. LC-mediated 3D printing imparts the fine-tuning required for the design freedom of architecturally layered systems at the nanoscale with intricate patterns within the 3D-printed constructs. This approach empowered the development of a high-performance humidity sensor composed of self-assembled lamellar organization of NC whiskers. We observed that the NC whiskers that are flat and parallel to each other in the laminar organization allow facile mass transport through the structure, demonstrating a significant improvement in the sensor performance. This work exemplifies how LC ink, implemented in a 3D printing process, can unlock the potential of individual constituents to allow macroscopic printing architectures with nanoscopic arrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rouhollah Jalili
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexandra Satalov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 9, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Sahar Nazari
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bryan Harry Rahmat Suryanto
- Australian Centre for Electromaterials Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohammad Bagher Ghasemian
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohannad Mayyas
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ahmad E Kandjani
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ylias M Sabri
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edwin Mayes
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jun Araki
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda 386-8567, Nagano prefecture, Japan
- Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda 386-8567, Nagano prefecture, Japan
| | - Cécile Zakri
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal-CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Philippe Poulin
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal-CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Dorna Esrafilzadeh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2031, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
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25
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Courtenay JC, Jin Y, Schmitt J, Hossain KMZ, Mahmoudi N, Edler KJ, Scott JL. Salt-Responsive Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by Functionalized Cellulose Nanofibrils. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:6864-6873. [PMID: 34081858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oil-in-water emulsions have been stabilized by functionalized cellulose nanofibrils bearing either a negative (oxidized cellulose nanofibrils, OCNF) or a positive (cationic cellulose nanofibrils, CCNF) surface charge. The size of the droplets was measured by laser diffraction, while the structure of the shell of the Pickering emulsion droplets was probed using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and rheology measurements. Both OCNF- and CCNF-stabilized emulsions present a very thick shell (>100 nm) comprised of densely packed CNF. OCNF-stabilized emulsions proved to be salt responsive, influencing the droplet aggregation and ultimately the gel properties of the emulsions, while CCNF emulsions, on the other hand, showed very little salt-dependent behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Courtenay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Yun Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
- LSFC, Laboratoire de Synthèse et Fonctionnalisation des Céramiques, UMR 3080 CNRS/Saint-Gobain CREE, Saint-Gobain Research Provence, 550 Avenue Alphonse Jauffret, Cavaillon 84300, France
| | - Kazi M Zakir Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Najet Mahmoudi
- ISIS Neutron & Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Karen J Edler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Janet L Scott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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26
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Control of the aqueous solubility of cellulose by hydroxyl group substitution and its effect on processing. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Cancer Nanopharmaceuticals: Physicochemical Characterization and In Vitro/In Vivo Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081896. [PMID: 33920840 PMCID: PMC8071188 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and biopharmaceutical characterization tools play a key role in the assessment of nanopharmaceuticals' potential imaging analysis and for site-specific delivery of anti-cancers to neoplastic cells/tissues. If diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches are combined in one single nanoparticle, a new platform called nanotheragnostics is generated. Several analytical technologies allow us to characterize nanopharmaceuticals and nanoparticles and their properties so that they can be properly used in cancer therapy. This paper describes the role of multifunctional nanoparticles in cancer diagnosis and treatment, describing how nanotheragnostics can be useful in modern chemotherapy, and finally, the challenges associated with the commercialization of nanoparticles for cancer therapy.
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28
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Lin F, Pignon F, Putaux JL, Jean B. Temperature-triggered formation of a cellulose II nanocrystal network through regioselective derivatization. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6447-6460. [PMID: 33885525 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08597a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The two ends of rodlike cellulose II nanocrystals (CNC-II) were regioselectively functionalized either with gold nanoparticles or thermosensitive polymer chains. In the first case, after the introduction of sulfur atoms at both ends of the rods, CNC-II were labelled using a method based on the in situ nucleation and growth of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from soluble derivatives. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that such a method resulted in the grafting of one monodisperse AuNP at each extremity of the CNC-II, i.e. to the formation of hybrid dumbbell-shaped objects. No AuNP was detected on the lateral surfaces of the CNC-II and almost all observed CNC-II exhibited this dual labeling. This result confirmed with a good statistics when compared to previous works the possibility to derivatize only the two ends of the CNC-II, thanks to the antiparallel arrangement of cellulose chains in these nanoparticles. In the second case, the localized grafting of temperature-sensitive macromolecules onto the ends of the CNC-II was performed using an oxidation reaction followed by a peptide coupling. This end-specific grafting of thermosensitive chains onto CNC-II enhanced their colloidal stability when the temperature was below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the polymer. Above the LCST, the TEM images revealed the formation of a network extending to tens of microns resulting from end-to-end associations of the derivatized rods through attractive interactions between collapsed polymer chains. Rheology experiments further evidenced a temperature-induced sol-gel transition from a liquid-like (sol) behavior below the LCST to solid-like (gel) behavior above the LCST, in agreement with a change from purely repulsive interactions to interconnections via the hydrophobic collapsed chains. Importantly, all results concurred with a full reversibility of the phenomena upon cooling and reproducibility when samples were subjected to temperature cycles around the LCST. This work reveals that the dual site-specific derivatization of CNC-II can provide symmetric hybrid particles with innovative assembling and macroscopic properties that cannot be obtained through homogeneous chemical modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbo Lin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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29
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Girard M, Vidal D, Bertrand F, Tavares JR, Heuzey MC. Evidence-based guidelines for the ultrasonic dispersion of cellulose nanocrystals. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 71:105378. [PMID: 33186861 PMCID: PMC7786632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles possess unique, size-driven properties. However, they can be challenging to use as they easily agglomerate - their high surface area-to-volume ratio induces strong interparticle forces, generating agglomerates that are difficult to break. This issue prevails in organic particles as well, such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs); when in their dried form, strong hydrogen bonding enhances agglomeration. Ultrasonication is widely applied to prepare CNC suspensions, but the methodology employed is non-standardized and typically under-reported, and process efficiency is unknown. This limits the ability to adapt dispersion protocols at industrial scales. Herein, numerical simulations are used in conjunction with validation experiments to define and optimize key parameters for ultrasonic dispersion of CNCs, allowing an operating window to be inferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Girard
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada; Research Center for Industrial Flow Processes (URPEI), Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - David Vidal
- Research Center for Industrial Flow Processes (URPEI), Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - François Bertrand
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada; Research Center for Industrial Flow Processes (URPEI), Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - Jason R Tavares
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - Marie-Claude Heuzey
- Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems (CREPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3A7, Canada.
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30
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Release of internal molecular torque results in twists of Glaucocystis cellulose nanofibers. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 251:117102. [PMID: 33142640 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The cellulose of the green alga Glaucocystis consists of almost pure Iα crystalline phase where the corresponding lattice b* axis parameter lies perpendicular to the cell wall surface in the multilamellar cell wall architecture, indicating that in this wall, cellulose is devoid of longitudinal twist. In contrast, when isolated from Glaucosytis cell walls, the cellulose microfibrils present a twisting behavior, which was investigated using electron microscopy techniques. Sequential electron microdiffraction analyses obtained under frozen hydrated conditions revealed that the cellulose microfibrils continuously right-hand twisted in the vitreous ice layer. This observation implies that the twists of these nanofibers are intrinsic to the cellulose molecule and not a result of the cell wall biogenesis process. Furthermore, scaling with the fourth power of width based on the classic mechanics of solid, the twist angle was in agreement with the reported values in higher plant celluloses, implying that the twist arises from the balance between tendency of individual chains to twist and the structure imposed by the crystal packing. The observed twist in isolated fibrils of Glaucocystis indicates that one cannot assume the presence of cellulose twisting in vivo based on observations of isolated cellulose nanoparticles, as microfibril can exist untwisted in the original cell wall but become twisted when released from the wall.
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31
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Rosén T, He H, Wang R, Zhan C, Chodankar S, Fall A, Aulin C, Larsson PT, Lindström T, Hsiao BS. Cross-Sections of Nanocellulose from Wood Analyzed by Quantized Polydispersity of Elementary Microfibrils. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16743-16754. [PMID: 33253525 PMCID: PMC8926302 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Bio-based nanocellulose has been shown to possess impressive mechanical properties and simplicity for chemical modifications. The chemical properties are largely influenced by the surface area and functionality of the nanoscale materials. However, finding the typical cross-sections of nanocellulose, such as cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), has been a long-standing puzzle, where subtle changes in extraction methods seem to yield different shapes and dimensions. Here, we extracted CNFs from wood with two different oxidation methods and variations in degree of oxidation and high-pressure homogenization. The cross-sections of CNFs were characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray diffraction in dispersed and freeze-dried states, respectively, where the results were analyzed by assuming that the cross-sectional distribution was quantized with an 18-chain elementary microfibril, the building block of the cell wall. We find that the results agree well with a pseudosquare unit having a size of about 2.4 nm regardless of sample, while the aggregate level strongly depends on the extraction conditions. Furthermore, we find that aggregates have a preferred cohesion of phase boundaries parallel to the (110)-plane of the cellulose fibril, leading to a ribbon shape on average.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Rosén
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Department
of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - HongRui He
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Ruifu Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Chengbo Zhan
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Shirish Chodankar
- National
Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, United States
| | | | | | - Per Tomas Larsson
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- RISE, Box
5604, 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tom Lindström
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Benjamin S. Hsiao
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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32
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Mense AL, Zhang C, Zhao J, Liu Q, Shi YC. Physical aspects of the biopolymer matrix in wheat bran and its dissected layers. J Cereal Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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33
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Wang R, Mu L, Bao Y, Lin H, Ji T, Shi Y, Zhu J, Wu W. Holistically Engineered Polymer-Polymer and Polymer-Ion Interactions in Biocompatible Polyvinyl Alcohol Blends for High-Performance Triboelectric Devices in Self-Powered Wearable Cardiovascular Monitorings. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002878. [PMID: 32596980 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The capability of sensor systems to efficiently scavenge their operational power from stray, weak environmental energies through sustainable pathways could enable viable schemes for self-powered health diagnostics and therapeutics. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) can effectively transform the otherwise wasted environmental, mechanical energy into electrical power. Recent advances in TENGs have resulted in a significant boost in output performance. However, obstacles hindering the development of efficient triboelectric devices based on biocompatible materials continue to prevail. Being one of the most widely used polymers for biomedical applications, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) presents exciting opportunities for biocompatible, wearable TENGs. Here, the holistic engineering and systematic characterization of the impact of molecular and ionic fillers on PVA blends' triboelectric performance is presented for the first time. Triboelectric devices built with optimized PVA-gelatin composite films exhibit stable and robust triboelectricity outputs. Such wearable devices can detect the imperceptible skin deformation induced by the human pulse and capture the cardiovascular information encoded in the pulse signals with high fidelity. The gained fundamental understanding and demonstrated capabilities enable the rational design and holistic engineering of novel materials for more capable biocompatible triboelectric devices that can continuously monitor vital physiological signals for self-powered health diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxing Wang
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Flex Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Liwen Mu
- Intelligent Composites Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
- Division of Machine Elements, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, 97187, Sweden
| | - Yukai Bao
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Han Lin
- Intelligent Composites Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Tuo Ji
- Intelligent Composites Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Yijun Shi
- Division of Machine Elements, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, 97187, Sweden
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- Intelligent Composites Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Wenzhuo Wu
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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34
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Azzam F, Frka-Petesic B, Semeraro EF, Cousin F, Jean B. Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Reveals the Structural Details of Thermosensitive Polymer-Grafted Cellulose Nanocrystal Suspensions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:8511-8519. [PMID: 32610020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to the use of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), a detailed structural description of thermosensitive polymer-grafted cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) was obtained and the behavior of aqueous suspensions of these derivatized biosourced particles upon temperature increase was revealed. Although literature data show that the surface grafting of thermosensitive polymers drastically enhances the colloidal properties of CNCs, direct space microscopic investigation techniques fail in providing sufficient structural information on these objects. In the case of CNCs decorated with temperature-sensitive polyetheramines following a peptide coupling reaction, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of SANS spectra shows that CNCs are homogeneously covered by a shell comprising polymer chains in a Gaussian conformation with a thickness equal to their radius of gyration in solution, thus revealing a mushroom regime. An increase of the temperature above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the polyetheramine results in the formation of finite size bundles whose aggregation number depends on the particle concentration and suspension temperature deviation from the LCST. SANS analysis further reveals local changes at the CNC surface corresponding to a release of water molecules and a related denser polymer shell conformation. Noticeably, data show a full reversibility at all length scales when a sample was cooled down to below the LCST after being heated above it. Overall, the results obtained by SANS allow an in-depth structural investigation of derivatized CNCs, which is of high interest for the design of functional materials comprising these biosourced colloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas Azzam
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Frka-Petesic
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Enrico F Semeraro
- Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, LRP, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrice Cousin
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Université Paris-Saclay, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Jean
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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35
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Rosén T, Mittal N, Roth SV, Zhang P, Lundell F, Söderberg LD. Flow fields control nanostructural organization in semiflexible networks. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:5439-5449. [PMID: 32469347 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01975h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic alignment of proteinaceous or polymeric nanofibrillar building blocks can be utilized for subsequent assembly into intricate three-dimensional macrostructures. The non-equilibrium structure of flowing nanofibrils relies on a complex balance between the imposed flow-field, colloidal interactions and Brownian motion. The understanding of the impact of non-equilibrium dynamics is not only weak, but is also required for structural control. Investigation of underlying dynamics imposed by the flow requires in situ dynamic characterization and is limited by the time-resolution of existing characterization methods, specifically on the nanoscale. Here, we present and demonstrate a flow-stop technique, using polarized optical microscopy (POM) to quantify the anisotropic orientation and diffusivity of nanofibrils in shear and extensional flows. Microscopy results are combined with small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements to estimate the orientation of nanofibrils in motion and simultaneous structural changes in a loose network. Diffusivity of polydisperse systems is observed to act on multiple timescales, which is interpreted as an effect of apparent fibril lengths that also include nanoscale entanglements. The origin of the fastest diffusivity is correlated to the strength of velocity gradients, independent of type of deformation (shear or extension). Fibrils in extensional flow results in highly anisotropic systems enhancing interfibrillar contacts, which is evident through a slowing down of diffusive timescales. Our results strongly emphasize the need for careful design of fluidic microsystems for assembling fibrillar building blocks into high-performance macrostructures relying on improved understanding of nanoscale physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Rosén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. and Linné FLOW Center, KTH Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Qsquars Backe 18, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nitesh Mittal
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. and Linné FLOW Center, KTH Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Qsquars Backe 18, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan V Roth
- DESY, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg, Germany and Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Fredrik Lundell
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. and Linné FLOW Center, KTH Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Qsquars Backe 18, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Daniel Söderberg
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. and Linné FLOW Center, KTH Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Qsquars Backe 18, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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36
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Nabeela K, Thomas RT, Nair RV, Namboorimadathil Backer S, Mohan K, Chandran PR, Pillai S. Direct Visualization of Crystalline Domains in Carboxylated Nanocellulose Fibers. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:12136-12143. [PMID: 32548393 PMCID: PMC7271348 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Direct visualization of soft organic molecules like cellulose is extremely challenging under a high-energy electron beam. Herein, we adopt two ionization damage extenuation strategies to visualize the lattice arrangements of the β-(1→4)-d-glucan chains in carboxylated nanocellulose fibers (C-NCFs) having cellulose II crystalline phase using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Direct imaging of individual nanocellulose fibrils with high-resolution and least damage under high-energy electron beam is achieved by employing reduced graphene oxide, a conducting material with high electron transmittance and Ag+ ions, with high electron density, eliminating the use of sample-specific, toxic staining agents, or other advanced add-on techniques. Furthermore, the imaging of cellulose lattices in a C-NCF/TiO2 nanohybrid system is accomplished in the presence of Ag+ ions in a medium revealing the mode of association of C-NCFs in the system, which validates the feasibility of the presented strategy. The methods adopted here can provide further understanding of the fine structures of carboxylated nanocellulose fibrils for studying their structure-property relationship for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kallayi Nabeela
- Functional
Materials, Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
(NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 019, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Reny Thankam Thomas
- Functional
Materials, Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
(NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 019, India
| | - Raji V. Nair
- Functional
Materials, Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
(NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 019, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Sumina Namboorimadathil Backer
- Functional
Materials, Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
(NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 019, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Kiran Mohan
- Functional
Materials, Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
(NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 019, India
| | - Parvathy R. Chandran
- Functional
Materials, Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
(NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 019, India
| | - Saju Pillai
- Functional
Materials, Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
(NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 019, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
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37
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Dong Z, Ye Z, Zhang Z, Xia K, Zhang P. Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystal Behavior of Core-Shell Hybrid Rods Consisting of Chiral Cellulose Nanocrystals Dressed with Non-chiral Conformal Polymeric Skins. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2376-2390. [PMID: 32364722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The current work investigates how the nanoscale conformal coating layers of non-chiral polymeric materials can influence the chiral nematic liquid crystal (CLC) behaviors of the rodlike cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), the bio-derived nanomaterials that have attracted significant attention. For this, we developed strategies to coat the CNC rods on the single-particle level with a homogeneous bioinspired polydopamine (PDA) layer, leading to well-defined core-shell CNC@PDA rods with various PDA coating thicknesses and excellent colloidal stability. Comprehensive investigation revealed that the CNC@PDA hybrid nanorods in concentrated suspensions form well-defined nematic liquid crystal phases with clear phase separation behavior that depend on the rod concentrations and ionic strengths, typical of charged rods. Most intriguingly, the nematic LC phases formed by the CNC@PDA rods with the PDA coating thickness achieved herein are indeed the perfect CLC phases, which form following the classic pathway of nucleation and coalesce of chiral tactoids and have colorful chiral fingerprints standing out from the dark suspensions. The pitches of the CLC phase increase sharply with increasing PDA coating thicknesses and are significantly larger than those of the pristine CNCs. Such observations can be attributed to the blurring effects of the PDA coating on the intrinsic surface chiral features of CNC of whatever origins that drive the formation of the CLC phases, resulting in weakening chiral interactions between CNC@PDA rods. Besides benefiting the understanding of the long-sought origin of the CLC phases of the pristine CNC, the current work demonstrates the possibility of controlling the CLC phase behaviors of CNC by tuning the thickness of the coating materials and also serves as the first example of directly transferring the unique chirality of CNC to other non-chiral materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Dong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Zihan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenkun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Ke Xia
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Pengjiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
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Rolland N, Mehandzhiyski AY, Garg M, Linares M, Zozoulenko IV. New Patchy Particle Model with Anisotropic Patches for Molecular Dynamics Simulations: Application to a Coarse-Grained Model of Cellulose Nanocrystal. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:3699-3711. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rolland
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, ITN, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | | | - Mohit Garg
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, ITN, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Mathieu Linares
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, ITN, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
- Scientific Visualization Group, ITN, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
- Swedish e-Science Research Centre (SeRC), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Igor V. Zozoulenko
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, ITN, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
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39
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Xu Q, Poggi G, Resta C, Baglioni M, Baglioni P. Grafted nanocellulose and alkaline nanoparticles for the strengthening and deacidification of cellulosic artworks. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 576:147-157. [PMID: 32416547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Strongly degraded cellulosic artworks usually need deacidification and consolidation. Alkaline nanoparticles are known to be effective in neutralizing the acidity, while cellulose nanocrystals have the potential to be used as compatible and effective strengthening agents. EXPERIMENTS We have grafted cellulose nanocrystals with oleic acid using a 1'1-carbonyldiimidazole-mediated procedure, to increase their dispersibility in organic solvents, and synthesized Ca(OH)2 or CaCO3 nanoparticles via a solvothermal process. Grafted nanocellulose and alkaline nanoparticles were used to prepare ethanol-based "hybrids". Prior to the application, the physico-chemical properties of nanocellulose dispersions and "hybrids" were studied by rheology and small-angle X-ray scattering. FINDINGS Cellulose nanocrystals were effectively grafted and stably dispersed in ethanol. It was shown that the use of ethanol as a dispersing medium, and the addition of alkaline nanoparticles act in a synergistic way, increasing the interactions between grafted cellulose nanocrystals, leading to the formation of clusters. These dispersions are thixotropic, a behavior particularly appealing to conservation purposes, since they can be applied in the liquid state, or, when a more confined application is required, they can be applied in a gel-like state. As a result of the application, an improvement in the mechanical properties of paper and an increase of pH were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Xu
- CSGI and Chemistry Department, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - G Poggi
- CSGI and Chemistry Department, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - C Resta
- CSGI and Chemistry Department, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - M Baglioni
- CSGI and Chemistry Department, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - P Baglioni
- CSGI and Chemistry Department, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
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40
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Structure and swelling of cross-linked nanocellulose foams. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 568:234-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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41
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Hasegawa H, Horikawa Y, Shikata T. Cellulose Nanocrystals as a Model Substance for Rigid Rod Particle Suspension Rheology. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Hasegawa
- Division of Natural Resources and Eco-materials, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
- Cellulose Research Unit, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Horikawa
- Division of Natural Resources and Eco-materials, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
- Cellulose Research Unit, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shikata
- Division of Natural Resources and Eco-materials, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
- Cellulose Research Unit, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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42
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Balea A, Fuente E, Monte MC, Merayo N, Campano C, Negro C, Blanco A. Industrial Application of Nanocelluloses in Papermaking: A Review of Challenges, Technical Solutions, and Market Perspectives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030526. [PMID: 31991802 PMCID: PMC7037648 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocelluloses (NC) increase mechanical and barrier paper properties allowing the use of paper in applications actually covered by other materials. Despite the exponential increase of information, NC have not been fully implemented in papermaking yet, due to the challenges of using NC. This paper provides a review of the main new findings and emerging possibilities in this field by focusing mainly on: (i) Decoupling the effects of NC on wet-end and paper properties by using synergies with retention aids, chemical modification, or filler preflocculation; (ii) challenges and solutions related to the incorporation of NC in the pulp suspension and its effects on barrier properties; and (iii) characterization needs of NC at an industrial scale. The paper also includes the market perspectives. It is concluded that to solve these challenges specific solutions are required for each paper product and process, being the wet-end optimization the key to decouple NC effects on drainage and paper properties. Furthermore, the effect of NC on recyclability must also be taken into account to reach a compromise solution. This review helps readers find upscale options for using NC in papermaking and identify further research needs within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Balea
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (E.F.); (M.C.M.); (N.M.); (C.C.); (C.N.)
| | - Elena Fuente
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (E.F.); (M.C.M.); (N.M.); (C.C.); (C.N.)
| | - M. Concepcion Monte
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (E.F.); (M.C.M.); (N.M.); (C.C.); (C.N.)
| | - Noemi Merayo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (E.F.); (M.C.M.); (N.M.); (C.C.); (C.N.)
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Industrial Design Engineering, ETSIDI, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ronda de Valencia 3, 28012 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Campano
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (E.F.); (M.C.M.); (N.M.); (C.C.); (C.N.)
| | - Carlos Negro
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (E.F.); (M.C.M.); (N.M.); (C.C.); (C.N.)
| | - Angeles Blanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.); (E.F.); (M.C.M.); (N.M.); (C.C.); (C.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-394-4247
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43
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Jones AOF, Resel R, Schrode B, Machado-Charry E, Röthel C, Kunert B, Salzmann I, Kontturi E, Reishofer D, Spirk S. Structural Order in Cellulose Thin Films Prepared from a Trimethylsilyl Precursor. Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:653-659. [PMID: 31774663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymer cellulose is investigated in terms of the crystallographic order within thin films. The films were prepared by spin-coating of a trimethylsilyl cellulose precursor followed by an exposure to HCl vapors; two different source materials were used. Careful precharacterization of the films was performed by infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Subsequently, the films were investigated by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation. The results showed broad diffraction peaks, indicating a rather short correlation length of the molecular packing in the range of a few nanometers. The analysis of the diffraction patterns was based on the known structures of crystalline cellulose, as the observed peak pattern was comparable to cellulose phase II and phase III. The dominant fraction of the film is formed by two different types of layers, which are oriented parallel to the substrate surface. The stacking of the layers results in a one-dimensional crystallographic order with a defined interlayer distance of either 7.3 or 4.2 Å. As a consequence, two different preferred orientations of the polymer chains are observed. In both cases, polymer chain axes are aligned parallel to the substrate surface, and the orientation of the cellulose molecules are concluded to be either edge-on or flat-on. A minor fraction of the cellulose molecules form nanocrystals that are randomly distributed within the films. In this case, the molecular packing density was found to be smaller in comparison to the known crystalline phases of cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew O F Jones
- Institute of Solid State Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute of Solid State Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Benedikt Schrode
- Institute of Solid State Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Eduardo Machado-Charry
- Institute of Solid State Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Christian Röthel
- Institute of Solid State Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria.,Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Karl-Franzens University of Graz , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Birgit Kunert
- Institute of Solid State Physics , Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Ingo Salzmann
- Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Concordia University , H4B 1R6 Montréal , Canada
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems , Aalto University , P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - David Reishofer
- Institute of Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology , Graz University of Technology , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Stefan Spirk
- Institute of Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology , Graz University of Technology , 8010 Graz , Austria
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44
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Matsumoto Y, Shundo A, Hayashi H, Tsuruzoe N, Tanaka K. Effect of the Heterogeneous Structure on Mechanical Properties for a Nanocellulose-Reinforced Polymer Composite. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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45
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Wang R, Rosen T, Zhan C, Chodankar S, Chen J, Sharma PR, Sharma SK, Liu T, Hsiao BS. Morphology and Flow Behavior of Cellulose Nanofibers Dispersed in Glycols. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruifu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Tomas Rosen
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Chengbo Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Shirish Chodankar
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3101, United States
| | - Priyanka R. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Sunil K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Tianbo Liu
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3101, United States
| | - Benjamin S. Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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46
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Synthesis and Characterization of a High Flux Nanocellulose-Cellulose Acetate Nanocomposite Membrane. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:membranes9060070. [PMID: 31174312 PMCID: PMC6630560 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9060070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advantages of membrane processes, their high energy requirement remains a major challenge. Fabrication of nanocomposite membranes by incorporating various nanomaterials in the polymer matrix has shown promise for enhancing membrane flux. In this study, we embed functionalized cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) with high aspect ratios in the polymer matrix to create hydrophilic nanochannels that reduce membrane resistance and facilitate the facile transport of water molecules through the membrane. The results showed that the incorporation of 0.1 wt % CNF into the polymer matrix did not change the membrane flux (~15 L · m - 2 · h - 1 ) and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Fraction V rejection, while increasing the CNF content to 0.3 wt % significantly enhanced the flux by seven times to ~100 L · m - 2 · h - 1 , but the rejection was decreased to 60-70%. Such a change in membrane performance was due to the formation of hydrophilic nanochannels by the incorporation of CNF (corroborated by the SEM images), decreasing the membrane resistance, and thus enhancing the flux. When the concentration of the CNF in the membrane matrix was further increased to 0.6 wt %, no further increase in the membrane flux was observed, however, the BSA rejection was found to increase to 85%. Such an increase in the rejection was related to the electrostatic repulsion between the negatively-charged CNF-loaded nanochannels and the BSA, as demonstrated by zeta potential measurements. SEM images showed the bridging effect of the CNF in the nanochannels with high CNF contents.
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47
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Gicquel E, Martin C, Gauthier Q, Engström J, Abbattista C, Carlmark A, Cranston ED, Jean B, Bras J. Tailoring Rheological Properties of Thermoresponsive Hydrogels through Block Copolymer Adsorption to Cellulose Nanocrystals. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2545-2556. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Gicquel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Céline Martin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Quentin Gauthier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Joakim Engström
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Clara Abbattista
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Anna Carlmark
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emily D. Cranston
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Bruno Jean
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Julien Bras
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, F-75000 Paris, France
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48
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Biofouling-resistant nanocellulose layer in hierarchical polymeric membranes: Synthesis, characterization and performance. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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49
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Al-Sabah A, Burnell SE, Simoes IN, Jessop Z, Badiei N, Blain E, Whitaker IS. Structural and mechanical characterization of crosslinked and sterilised nanocellulose-based hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 212:242-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Bitounis D, Pyrgiotakis G, Bousfield D, Demokritou P. Dispersion preparation, characterization, and dosimetric analysis of cellulose nano-fibrils and nano-crystals: Implications for cellular toxicological studies. NANOIMPACT 2019; 15:10.1016/j.impact.2019.100171. [PMID: 32133424 PMCID: PMC7055660 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2019.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of cellulose-based nanomaterial (CNM) suspensions in environmental and biological media is impaired because of their high carbon content and anisotropic shape, thus making it difficult to derive structure activity relationships (SAR) in toxicological studies. Here, a standardized method for the dispersion preparation and characterization of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and nanocrystals (CNC) in biological and environmental media was developed. Specifically, electron microscopy was utilized and allowed to specify optimum practices for efficiently suspending CNF and CNC in water and cell culture medium. Furthermore, a technique for measuring the in vitro particle kinetics of CNF and CNC suspended in cell culture medium utilizing fluorescently tagged materials was developed to assess the delivery rate of such CNM at the bottom of the well. Interestingly, CNF were shown to settle and create a loosely packed layer at the bottom of cell culture wells within a few hours. On the contrary, CNC settled gradually at a significantly slower rate, highlighting the discordance between administered and delivered mass dose. This work is both novel and urgent in the field of environmental health and safety as it introduces well-defined techniques for the dispersion and characterization of emerging, cellulose-based engineered nanomaterials. It also provides useful insights to the in vitro behavior of suspended anisotropic nanomaterials in general, which should enable dosimetry and comparison of toxicological data across laboratories as well as promote the safe and sustainable use of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Bitounis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public School, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Georgios Pyrgiotakis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public School, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Douglas Bousfield
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public School, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Corresponding author:
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