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Caselli L, Conti L, De Santis I, Berti D. Small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering applied to lipid-based nanoparticles: Recent advancements across different length scales. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 327:103156. [PMID: 38643519 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs), ranging from nanovesicles to non-lamellar assemblies, have gained significant attention in recent years, as versatile carriers for delivering drugs, vaccines, and nutrients. Small-angle scattering methods, employing X-rays (SAXS) or neutrons (SANS), represent unique tools to unveil structure, dynamics, and interactions of such particles on different length scales, spanning from the nano to the molecular scale. This review explores the state-of-the-art on scattering methods applied to unveil the structure of lipid-based nanoparticles and their interactions with drugs and bioactive molecules, to inform their rational design and formulation for medical applications. We will focus on complementary information accessible with X-rays or neutrons, ranging from insights on the structure and colloidal processes at a nanoscale level (SAXS) to details on the lipid organization and molecular interactions of LNPs (SANS). In addition, we will review new opportunities offered by Time-resolved (TR)-SAXS and -SANS for the investigation of dynamic processes involving LNPs. These span from real-time monitoring of LNPs structural evolution in response to endogenous or external stimuli (TR-SANS), to the investigation of the kinetics of lipid diffusion and exchange upon interaction with biomolecules (TR-SANS). Finally, we will spotlight novel combinations of SAXS and SANS with complementary on-line techniques, recently enabled at Large Scale Facilities for X-rays and neutrons. This emerging technology enables synchronized multi-method investigation, offering exciting opportunities for the simultaneous characterization of the structure and chemical or mechanical properties of LNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Caselli
- Physical Chemistry 1, University of Lund, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Laura Conti
- Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Ilaria De Santis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Debora Berti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy; Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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2
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Luo P, Shu L, Huang Z, Huang Y, Wu C, Pan X, Hu P. Utilization of Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Gels for Chronic Wound Management. Gels 2023; 9:738. [PMID: 37754419 PMCID: PMC10530416 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Management of chronic wounds is becoming a serious health problem worldwide. To treat chronic wounds, a suitable healing environment and sustained delivery of growth factors must be guaranteed. Different therapies have been applied for the treatment of chronic wounds such as debridement and photodynamic therapy. Among them, growth factors are widely used therapeutic drugs. However, at present, growth factor delivery systems cannot meet the demand of clinical practice; therefore new methods should be developed to meet the emerging need. For this reason, researchers have tried to modify hydrogels through some methods such as chemical synthesis and molecule modifications to enhance their properties. However, there are still a large number of limitations in practical use like byproduct problems, difficulty to industrialize, and instability of growth factor. Moreover, applications of new materials like lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) on chronic wounds have emerged as a new trend. The structure of LLC is endowed with many excellent properties including low cost, ordered structure, and excellent loading efficiency. LLC can provide a moist local environment for the wound, and its lattice structure can embed the growth factors in the water channel. Growth factor is released from the high-concentration carrier to the low-concentration release medium, which can be precisely regulated. Therefore, it can provide sustained and stable delivery of growth factors as well as a suitable healing environment for wounds, which is a promising candidate for chronic wound healing and has a broad prospective application. In conclusion, more reliable and applicable drug delivery systems should be designed and tested to improve the therapy and management of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; (P.L.); (L.S.); (C.W.); (P.H.)
| | - Lei Shu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; (P.L.); (L.S.); (C.W.); (P.H.)
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; (P.L.); (L.S.); (C.W.); (P.H.)
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; (P.L.); (L.S.); (C.W.); (P.H.)
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; (P.L.); (L.S.); (C.W.); (P.H.)
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Ping Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; (P.L.); (L.S.); (C.W.); (P.H.)
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3
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Milogrodzka I, Nguyen Pham DT, Sama GR, Samadian H, Zhai J, de Campo L, Kirby NM, Scott TF, Banaszak Holl MM, van 't Hag L. Effect of Cholesterol on Biomimetic Membrane Curvature and Coronavirus Fusion Peptide Encapsulation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:8598-8612. [PMID: 37078604 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic cubic phases can be used for protein encapsulation in a variety of applications such as biosensors and drug delivery. Cubic phases with a high concentration of cholesterol and phospholipids were obtained herein. It is shown that the cubic phase structure can be maintained with a higher concentration of biomimetic membrane additives than has been reported previously. Opposing effects on the curvature of the membrane were observed upon the addition of phospholipids and cholesterol. Furthermore, the coronavirus fusion peptide significantly increased the negative curvature of the biomimetic membrane with cholesterol. We show that the viral fusion peptide can undergo structural changes leading to the formation of hydrophobic α-helices that insert into the lipid bilayer. This is of high importance, as a fusion peptide that induces increased negative curvature as shown by the formation of inverse hexagonal phases allows for greater contact area between two membranes, which is required for viral fusion to occur. The cytotoxicity assay showed that the toxicity toward HeLa cells was dramatically decreased when the cholesterol or peptide level in the nanoparticles increased. This suggests that the addition of cholesterol can improve the biocompatibility of the cubic phase nanoparticles, making them safer for use in biomedical applications. As the results, this work improves the potential for the biomedical end-use applications of the nonlamellar lipid nanoparticles and shows the need of systematic formulation studies due to the complex interplay of all components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Milogrodzka
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Duy Tue Nguyen Pham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Gopal R Sama
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Hajar Samadian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Liliana de Campo
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Kirrawee, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Nigel M Kirby
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Timothy F Scott
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mark M Banaszak Holl
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Leonie van 't Hag
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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Conn CE, de Campo L, Whitten AE, Garvey CJ, Krause-Heuer AM, van 't Hag L. Membrane Protein Structures in Lipid Bilayers; Small-Angle Neutron Scattering With Contrast-Matched Bicontinuous Cubic Phases. Front Chem 2021; 8:619470. [PMID: 33644002 PMCID: PMC7903247 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.619470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This perspective describes advances in determining membrane protein structures in lipid bilayers using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). Differentially labeled detergents with a homogeneous scattering length density facilitate contrast matching of detergent micelles; this has previously been used successfully to obtain the structures of membrane proteins. However, detergent micelles do not mimic the lipid bilayer environment of the cell membrane in vivo. Deuterated vesicles can be used to obtain the radius of gyration of membrane proteins, but protein-protein interference effects within the vesicles severely limits this method such that the protein structure cannot be modeled. We show herein that different membrane protein conformations can be distinguished within the lipid bilayer of the bicontinuous cubic phase using contrast-matching. Time-resolved studies performed using SANS illustrate the complex phase behavior in lyotropic liquid crystalline systems and emphasize the importance of this development. We believe that studying membrane protein structures and phase behavior in contrast-matched lipid bilayers will advance both biological and pharmaceutical applications of membrane-associated proteins, biosensors and food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E. Conn
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Liliana de Campo
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew E. Whitten
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Garvey
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
- Lund Institute for Advanced Neutron and X-Ray Science, Lund, Sweden
- Biolfim-Research Center for Biointerfaces and Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anwen M. Krause-Heuer
- National Deuteration Facility, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Leonie van 't Hag
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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5
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Lyngsø J, Pedersen JS. A high-flux automated laboratory small-angle X-ray scattering instrument optimized for solution scattering. J Appl Crystallogr 2021. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576720016209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A commercially available small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) NanoSTAR instrument (Bruker AXS) with a liquid-metal-jet source (Excillum) has been optimized for solution scattering and installed at iNANO at Aarhus University. The instrument (named HyperSAXS) employs long high-quality parabolic Montel multilayer optics (Incoatec) and a novel compact scatterless pinhole slit with Ge edges, which was designed and built at Aarhus University. The combination of the powerful source and optimized geometry gives an integrated X-ray intensity close to 109 photons s−1 for a standard range of scattering vector moduli q = 0.0098–0.425 Å−1, where q = (4πsinθ)/λ and λ is the Ga Kα wavelength of 1.34 Å. The high intensity of the instrument makes it possible to measure dilute samples of, for example, protein or surfactant with concentrations of 1 mg ml−1 in a few minutes. A flow-through cell, built at Aarhus University, in combination with an automated sample handler has been installed on the instrument. The sample handler is based on the commercial Gilson GX-271 injection system (Biolab), which also allows samples to be stored under thermostatted conditions. The sample handler inserts and removes samples, and also cleans and dries the sample cell between measurements. The minimum volume of the flow-through capillary is about 20 µl. The high intensity additionally allows time-resolved measurements to be performed with a temporal resolution of seconds. For this purpose a stopped-flow apparatus, (SFM-3000, Bio-Logic) was connected to the flow-through cell by high-performance liquid chromatography tubing. This configuration was chosen as it allows vacuum around the sample cell and thus maintains a low background. The instrument can readily be converted into a low-q setup with a q range of 0.0049–0.34 Å−1 and an X-ray intensity of about 5 × 107 photons s−1.
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6
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Toxicity and cellular uptake of lipid nanoparticles of different structure and composition. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 576:241-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Sarkar S, Tran N, Soni SK, Conn CE, Drummond CJ. Size-Dependent Encapsulation and Release of dsDNA from Cationic Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cubic Phases. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4401-4413. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sampa Sarkar
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Sarvesh Kumar Soni
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Charlotte E. Conn
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Calum J. Drummond
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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8
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van T Hag L, de Campo L, Tran N, Sokolova A, Trenker R, Call ME, Call MJ, Garvey CJ, Leung AE, Darwish TA, Krause-Heuer A, Knott R, Meikle TG, Drummond CJ, Mezzenga R, Conn CE. Protein-Eye View of the in Meso Crystallization Mechanism. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8344-8356. [PMID: 31122018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For evolving biological and biomedical applications of hybrid protein?lipid materials, understanding the behavior of the protein within the lipid mesophase is crucial. After more than two decades since the invention of the in meso crystallization method, a protein-eye view of its mechanism is still lacking. Numerous structural studies have suggested that integral membrane proteins preferentially partition at localized flat points on the bilayer surface of the cubic phase with crystal growth occurring from a local fluid lamellar L? phase conduit. However, studies to date have, by necessity, focused on structural transitions occurring in the lipid mesophase. Here, we demonstrate using small-angle neutron scattering that the lipid bilayer of monoolein (the most commonly used lipid for in meso crystallization) can be contrast-matched using deuteration, allowing us to isolate scattering from encapsulated peptides during the crystal growth process for the first time. During in meso crystallization, a clear decrease in form factor scattering intensity of the peptides was observed and directly correlated with crystal growth. A transient fluid lamellar L? phase was observed, providing direct evidence for the proposed mechanism for this technique. This suggests that the peptide passes through a transition from the cubic QII phase, via an L? phase to the lamellar crystalline Lc phase with similar layered spacing. When high protein loading was possible, the lamellar crystalline Lc phase of the peptide in the single crystals was observed. These findings show the mechanism of in meso crystallization for the first time from the perspective of integral membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie van T Hag
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology , ETH Zurich , CH-8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | | | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | | | - Raphael Trenker
- Structural Biology Division , The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
- Department of Medical Biology , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Matthew E Call
- Structural Biology Division , The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
- Department of Medical Biology , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Melissa J Call
- Structural Biology Division , The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
- Department of Medical Biology , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | | | - Anna E Leung
- Scientific Activities Division , European Spallation Source ERIC , Lund 224 84 , Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Thomas G Meikle
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology , ETH Zurich , CH-8092 Zurich , Switzerland
- Department of Materials , ETH Zurich , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Charlotte E Conn
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
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9
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Ghanbari R, Assenza S, Zueblin P, Mezzenga R. Impact of Molecular Partitioning and Partial Equilibration on the Estimation of Diffusion Coefficients from Release Experiments. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5663-5671. [PMID: 30929450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present work addresses the effect of partial equilibration and molecular partitioning on the interpretation of release experiments. In this regard, it is shown how release profiles and the values of extracted transport parameters are affected by the time protocol chosen for sample collection by considering a series of experiments where the latter is systematically varied. Caffeine is investigated as a main model drug because of its similar affinity for water and lipids, while monolinolein-based lipid cubic phases are chosen as host matrices because of their wide employment in release studies. Our findings point to a progressive decline in diffusion rate upon increasing the time step, that is, the gap in time between two consecutive pickups, which is a signature of increasing equilibration of caffeine concentration between the lipidic mesophase and the water phase. Furthermore, the amount of released molecules at the first pickup displays negligible changes for large time steps, indicating complete equilibration in such cases. A model is introduced based on Fick's diffusion which goes beyond the assumption of perfect-sink conditions, a common feature of the typical theoretical approaches hitherto developed. The model is shown to account quantitatively for the experimental data and is subsequently employed to clarify the interplay of the adopted release protocol with the various transport parameters in determining the final outcome of the release process. Particularly, two additional molecular drugs are considered, namely glucose and proflavine, which are, respectively, more hydrophilic and hydrophobic than caffeine, thus allowing elucidating the role of molecular partitioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ghanbari
- Food and Soft Materials Science, Department of Health Science & Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition & Health , ETH Zurich , Schmelzbergstrasse 9 , CH-8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Assenza
- Food and Soft Materials Science, Department of Health Science & Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition & Health , ETH Zurich , Schmelzbergstrasse 9 , CH-8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Patrick Zueblin
- Food and Soft Materials Science, Department of Health Science & Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition & Health , ETH Zurich , Schmelzbergstrasse 9 , CH-8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Food and Soft Materials Science, Department of Health Science & Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition & Health , ETH Zurich , Schmelzbergstrasse 9 , CH-8092 Zurich , Switzerland
- Department of Materials , ETH Zurich , Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10 , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
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10
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Sarkar S, Tran N, Rashid MH, Le TC, Yarovsky I, Conn CE, Drummond CJ. Toward Cell Membrane Biomimetic Lipidic Cubic Phases: A High-Throughput Exploration of Lipid Compositional Space. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 2:182-195. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sampa Sarkar
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Md Harunur Rashid
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Tu C. Le
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Irene Yarovsky
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Charlotte E. Conn
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Calum J. Drummond
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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11
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Pal S, Koeppe RE, Chattopadhyay A. Wavelength-Selective Fluorescence of a Model Transmembrane Peptide: Constrained Dynamics of Interfacial Tryptophan Anchors. J Fluoresc 2018; 28:1317-1323. [PMID: 30225736 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-2293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
WALPs are prototypical, α-helical transmembrane peptides that represent a consensus sequence for transmembrane segments of integral membrane proteins and serve as excellent models for exploring peptide-lipid interactions and hydrophobic mismatch in membranes. Importantly, the WALP peptides are in direct contact with the lipids. They consist of a central stretch of alternating hydrophobic alanine and leucine residues capped at both ends by tryptophans. In this work, we employ wavelength-selective fluorescence approaches to explore the intrinsic fluorescence of tryptophan residues in WALP23 in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) membranes. Our results show that the four tryptophan residues in WALP23 exhibit an average red edge excitation shift (REES) of 6 nm, implying their localization at the membrane interface, characterized by a restricted microenvironment. This result is supported by fluorescence anisotropy and lifetime measurements as a function of wavelength displayed by WALP23 tryptophans in POPC membranes. These results provide a new approach based on intrinsic fluorescence of interfacial tryptophans to address protein-lipid interaction and hydrophobic mismatch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreetama Pal
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Roger E Koeppe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Amitabha Chattopadhyay
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India.
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.
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12
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van 't Hag L, Gras SL, Conn CE, Drummond CJ. Lyotropic liquid crystal engineering moving beyond binary compositional space - ordered nanostructured amphiphile self-assembly materials by design. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:2705-2731. [PMID: 28280815 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00663a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ordered amphiphile self-assembly materials with a tunable three-dimensional (3D) nanostructure are of fundamental interest, and crucial for progressing several biological and biomedical applications, including in meso membrane protein crystallization, as drug and medical contrast agent delivery vehicles, and as biosensors and biofuel cells. In binary systems consisting of an amphiphile and a solvent, the ability to tune the 3D cubic phase nanostructure, lipid bilayer properties and the lipid mesophase is limited. A move beyond the binary compositional space is therefore required for efficient engineering of the required material properties. In this critical review, the phase transitions upon encapsulation of more than 130 amphiphilic and soluble additives into the bicontinuous lipidic cubic phase under excess hydration are summarized. The data are interpreted using geometric considerations, interfacial curvature, electrostatic interactions, partition coefficients and miscibility of the alkyl chains. The obtained lyotropic liquid crystal engineering design rules can be used to enhance the formulation of self-assembly materials and provides a large library of these materials for use in biomedical applications (242 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie van 't Hag
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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13
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Advances in structural design of lipid-based nanoparticle carriers for delivery of macromolecular drugs, phytochemicals and anti-tumor agents. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 249:331-345. [PMID: 28477868 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present work highlights recent achievements in development of nanostructured dispersions and biocolloids for drug delivery applications. We emphasize the key role of biological small-angle X-ray scattering (BioSAXS) investigations for the nanomedicine design. A focus is given on controlled encapsulation of small molecular weight phytochemical drugs in lipid-based nanocarriers as well as on encapsulation of macromolecular siRNA, plasmid DNA, peptide and protein pharmaceuticals in nanostructured nanoparticles that may provide efficient intracellular delivery and triggered drug release. Selected examples of utilisation of the BioSAXS method for characterization of various types of liquid crystalline nanoorganizations (liposome, spongosome, cubosome, hexosome, and nanostructured lipid carriers) are discussed in view of the successful encapsulation and protection of phytochemicals and therapeutic biomolecules in the hydrophobic or the hydrophilic compartments of the nanocarriers. We conclude that the structural design of the nanoparticulate carriers is of crucial importance for the therapeutic outcome and the triggered drug release from biocolloids.
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14
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Oka T, Hasan M, Islam MZ, Moniruzzaman M, Yamazaki M. Low-pH-Induced Lamellar to Bicontinuous Primitive Cubic Phase Transition in Dioleoylphosphatidylserine/Monoolein Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:12487-12496. [PMID: 28967756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic interactions (EIs) play important roles in the structure and stability of inverse bicontinuous cubic (QII) phases of lipid membranes. We examined the effect of pH on the phase of dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS)/monoolein (MO) membranes at low ionic strengths using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). We found that the phase transitions from lamellar liquid-crystalline (Lα) to primitive cubic (QIIP) phases in DOPS/MO (2/8 molar ratio) membranes occurred in buffers containing 50 mM NaCl at and below the final pH of 2.75 as the pH of the membrane suspension was decreased from a neutral value. The kinetic pathway of this transition was revealed using time-resolved SAXS with a stopped-flow apparatus. The first step is a rapid transition from the Lα phase to the hexagonal II (HII) phase, and the second step is a slow transition from the HII phase to the QIIP phase. We determined the rate constants of the first step, k1, and of the second step, k2, by analyzing the time course of SAXS intensities quantitatively. The k1 value increased with temperature. The analysis of this result provided the values of its apparent activation energy, which were constant over temperature but increased with pH. This can be explained by an EI effect on the free energy of the transition state. In contrast, the k2 value decreased with temperature, indicating that the true activation energy increased with temperature. These experimental results were analyzed using the theory of the activation energy of phase transitions of lipid membranes when the free energy of the transition state depends on temperature. On the basis of these results, we discussed the mechanism of this phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Oka
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Moynul Hasan
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Md Zahidul Islam
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Masahito Yamazaki
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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Meikle TG, Zabara A, Waddington LJ, Separovic F, Drummond CJ, Conn CE. Incorporation of antimicrobial peptides in nanostructured lipid membrane mimetic bilayer cubosomes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 152:143-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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van 't Hag L, Anandan A, Seabrook SA, Gras SL, Drummond CJ, Vrielink A, Conn CE. Direct demonstration of lipid phosphorylation in the lipid bilayer of the biomimetic bicontinuous cubic phase using the confined enzyme lipid A phosphoethanolamine transferase. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:1493-1504. [PMID: 28125111 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02487d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Retention of amphiphilic protein activity within the lipid bilayer membrane of the nanostructured biomimetic bicontinuous cubic phase is crucial for applications utilizing these hybrid protein-lipid self-assembly materials, such as in meso membrane protein crystallization and drug delivery. Previous work, mainly on soluble and membrane-associated enzymes, has shown that enzyme activity may be modified when immobilized, including membrane bound enzymes. The effect on activity may be even greater for amphiphilic enzymes with a large hydrophilic domain, such as the Neisserial enzyme lipid A phosphoethanolamine transferase (EptA). Encapsulation within the biomimetic but non-endogenous lipid bilayer membrane environment may modify the enzyme conformation, while confinement of the large hydrophilic domain with the nanoscale water channels of a continuous lipid bilayer structure may prevent full function of this enzyme. Herein we show that NmEptA remains active despite encapsulation within a nanostructured bicontinuous cubic phase. Full transfer of the phosphoethanolamine (PEA) group from a 1,2-dioleoyl-glycero-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) doped lipid to monoolein (MO), which makes up the bicontinuous cubic phase, is shown. The reaction was found to be non-specific to the alkyl chain identity. The observed rate of enzyme activity is similar to other membrane bound enzymes, with complete transfer of the PEA group occurring in vitro, under the conditions studied, over a 24 hour timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie van 't Hag
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia and CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Anandhi Anandan
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
| | | | - Sally L Gras
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia and The ARC Dairy Innovation Hub, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia and School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
| | - Alice Vrielink
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
| | - Charlotte E Conn
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
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17
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Meikle T, Drummond C, Separovic F, Conn C. Membrane-Mimetic Inverse Bicontinuous Cubic Phase Systems for Encapsulation of Peptides and Proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.abl.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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18
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van 't Hag L, Shen HH, Lin TW, Gras SL, Drummond CJ, Conn CE. Effect of Lipid-Based Nanostructure on Protein Encapsulation within the Membrane Bilayer Mimetic Lipidic Cubic Phase Using Transmembrane and Lipo-proteins from the Beta-Barrel Assembly Machinery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:12442-12452. [PMID: 27326898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental understanding of the effect of amphiphilic protein encapsulation on the nanostructure of the bicontinuous cubic phase is crucial to progressing biomedical and biological applications of these hybrid protein-lipid materials, including as drug delivery vehicles, as biosensors, biofuel cells and for in meso crystallization. The relationship between the lipid nanomaterial and the encapsulated protein, however, remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of incorporating the five transmembrane and lipo-proteins which make up the β-barrel assembly machinery from Gram-negative bacteria within a series of bicontinuous cubic phases. The transmembrane β-barrel BamA caused an increase in lattice parameter of the cubic phase upon encapsulation. By contrast, the mainly hydrophilic lipo-proteins BamB-E caused the cubic phase lattice parameters to decrease, despite their large size relative to the diameter of the cubic phase water channels. Analysis of the primary amino acid sequence was used to rationalize this effect, based on specific interactions between aromatic amino acids within the proteins and the polar-apolar interface. Other factors that were found to have an effect were lateral bilayer pressure and rigidity within the lipid bilayer, water channel diameter, and size and structure of the lipo-proteins. The data presented suggest that hydrophilic bioactive molecules can be selectively encapsulated within the cubic phase by using a lipid anchor or aromatic amino acids, for drug delivery or biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tsung-Wu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University , Taichung City 40704, Taiwan
| | | | - Calum J Drummond
- CSIRO Manufacturing , Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Charlotte E Conn
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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19
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van 't Hag L, de Campo L, Garvey CJ, Feast GC, Leung AE, Yepuri NR, Knott R, Greaves TL, Tran N, Gras SL, Drummond CJ, Conn CE. Using SANS with Contrast-Matched Lipid Bicontinuous Cubic Phases To Determine the Location of Encapsulated Peptides, Proteins, and Other Biomolecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2862-2866. [PMID: 27414483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An understanding of the location of peptides, proteins, and other biomolecules within the bicontinuous cubic phase is crucial for understanding and evolving biological and biomedical applications of these hybrid biomolecule-lipid materials, including during in meso crystallization and drug delivery. While theoretical modeling has indicated that proteins and additive lipids might phase separate locally and adopt a preferred location in the cubic phase, this has never been experimentally confirmed. We have demonstrated that perfectly contrast-matched cubic phases in D2O can be studied using small-angle neutron scattering by mixing fully deuterated and hydrogenated lipid at an appropriate ratio. The model transmembrane peptide WALP21 showed no preferential location in the membrane of the diamond cubic phase of phytanoyl monoethanolamide and was not incorporated in the gyroid cubic phase. While deuteration had a small effect on the phase behavior of the cubic phase forming lipids, the changes did not significantly affect our results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tamar L Greaves
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Sally L Gras
- The ARC Dairy Innovation Hub, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- CSIRO Manufacturing , Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Charlotte E Conn
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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