1
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Zhou X, Wang M, Wang Y, Liu J, Zhang C, Pan J, Peng Q. Albumin as a functional carrier solubilizing and facilitating fusidic acid transmembrane delivery into Gram-negative bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134019. [PMID: 39059524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Reversing the bacterial resistance is of great significance and importance. Fusidic acid (FA) is commonly effective against Gram-positive bacterial infections, but most Gram-negative bacteria have intrinsic resistance to FA, primarily due to the strong cell membrane-FA interactions, which highly inhibit the intracellular transport of FA. Herein, we use albumin (bovine serum albumin, BSA) as a bifunctional carrier to solubilize FA and facilitate its transmembrane delivery into Gram-negative bacterial cells. The water solubility of FA is significantly enhanced from 11.87 to 442.20 μg/mL by 5 mg/mL BSA after forming FA-BSA complex. Furthermore, FA-BSA (200 μg/mL) causes 99.96 % viability loss to the model pathogen E. coli upon incubation for 3 h, while free FA or BSA alone shows little activity. Elongation of E. coli cells after treated by FA-BSA is demonstrated by SEM, and the transmembrane transport of FA-BSA is demonstrated by CLSM. Interestingly, increasing the BSA amount substantially reduce the antibacterial activity of FA-BSA, implying an albumin-based transmembrane delivery mechanism may exist. This is the first report regarding successfully reversing the intrinsic resistance of Gram-negative bacteria to FA in the form of FA-BSA. The ready availability of albumin and the simple preparation allows FA-BSA to have great potentials for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaoliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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2
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Abdollahi S, Raissi H, Farzad F. Examine stability polyvinyl alcohol-stabilized nanosuspensions to overcome the challenge of poor drug solubility utilizing molecular dynamic simulation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17386. [PMID: 39075104 PMCID: PMC11286956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry faces a significant challenge from the low water solubility of nearly 90% of newly developed Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). Despite extensive efforts to improve solubility, approximately 40% of these APIs encounter commercialization hurdles, impacting drug efficacy. In this context, a promising strategy will be introduced in which nanosuspensions, particularly polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a stabilizer, are applied to increase drug solubility. In this work using molecular dynamics simulations, the nanosuspension of four poorly water-soluble drugs (flurbiprofen, bezafibrate, miconazole, and phenytoin) stabilized with PVA is investigated. The simulation data showed van der Waals energies between polyvinyl alcohol with flurbiprofen and bezafibrate are - 101.12 and - 58.42 kJ/mol, respectively. The results indicate that PVA is an effective stabilizer for these drugs, and superior interactions are obtained with flurbiprofen and bezafibrate. The study also explores the impact of PVA on water molecule diffusion, providing insights into the stability of nanosuspensions. Obtained results also provide valuable insights into hydrogen bond formation, diffusion coefficients, and nanosuspension stability, contributing to the rational design and optimization of pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidar Raissi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Farzad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
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3
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Chitre A, Querimit RCM, Rihm SD, Karan D, Zhu B, Wang K, Wang L, Hippalgaonkar K, Lapkin AA. Accelerating Formulation Design via Machine Learning: Generating a High-throughput Shampoo Formulations Dataset. Sci Data 2024; 11:728. [PMID: 38961122 PMCID: PMC11222379 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03573-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid formulations are ubiquitous yet have lengthy product development cycles owing to the complex physical interactions between ingredients making it difficult to tune formulations to customer-defined property targets. Interpolative ML models can accelerate liquid formulations design but are typically trained on limited sets of ingredients and without any structural information, which limits their out-of-training predictive capacity. To address this challenge, we selected eighteen formulation ingredients covering a diverse chemical space to prepare an open experimental dataset for training ML models for rinse-off formulations development. The resulting design space has an over 50-fold increase in dimensionality compared to our previous work. Here, we present a dataset of 812 formulations, including 294 stable samples, which cover the entire design space, with phase stability, turbidity, and high-fidelity rheology measurements generated on our semi-automated, ML-driven liquid formulations workflow. Our dataset has the unique attribute of sample-specific uncertainty measurements to train predictive surrogate models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Chitre
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore, CARES Ltd. 1 CREATE Way, CREATE Tower #05-05, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Robert C M Querimit
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Simon D Rihm
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore, CARES Ltd. 1 CREATE Way, CREATE Tower #05-05, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Dogancan Karan
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore, CARES Ltd. 1 CREATE Way, CREATE Tower #05-05, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Benchuan Zhu
- BASF Advanced Chemicals Co. Ltd., No. 300, Jiang Xin Sha Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Ke Wang
- BASF Advanced Chemicals Co. Ltd., No. 300, Jiang Xin Sha Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Long Wang
- BASF Advanced Chemicals Co. Ltd., No. 300, Jiang Xin Sha Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Kedar Hippalgaonkar
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Alexei A Lapkin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore, CARES Ltd. 1 CREATE Way, CREATE Tower #05-05, Singapore, 138602, Singapore.
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4
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Fathi-Karkan S, Amiri Ramsheh N, Arkaban H, Narooie-Noori F, Sargazi S, Mirinejad S, Roostaee M, Sargazi S, Barani M, Malahat Shadman S, Althomali RH, Rahman MM. Nanosuspensions in ophthalmology: Overcoming challenges and enhancing drug delivery for eye diseases. Int J Pharm 2024; 658:124226. [PMID: 38744414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in using nanosuspensions for controlled drug delivery in ophthalmology. It highlights the significance of ophthalmic drug delivery due to the prevalence of eye diseases and delves into various aspects of this field. The article explores molecular mechanisms, drugs used, and physiological factors affecting drug absorption. It also addresses challenges in treating both anterior and posterior eye segments and investigates the role of mucus in obstructing micro- and nanosuspensions. Nanosuspensions are presented as a promising approach to enhance drug solubility and absorption, covering formulation, stability, properties, and functionalization. The review discusses the pros and cons of using nanosuspensions for ocular drug delivery and covers their structure, preparation, characterization, and applications. Several graphical representations illustrate their role in treating various eye conditions. Specific drug categories like anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistamines, glucocorticoids, and more are discussed in detail, with relevant studies. The article also addresses current challenges and future directions, emphasizing the need for improved nanosuspension stability and exploring potential technologies. Nanosuspensions have shown substantial potential in advancing ophthalmic drug delivery by enhancing solubility and absorption. This article is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical professionals in this field, offering insights into recent developments, challenges, and future prospects in nanosuspension use for ocular drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Fathi-Karkan
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd 94531-55166, Iran; Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd 9414974877, Iran.
| | - Nasim Amiri Ramsheh
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16846, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hasan Arkaban
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran.
| | - Foroozan Narooie-Noori
- Optometry Department, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sara Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Shekoufeh Mirinejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Maryam Roostaee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75168, Iran.
| | | | - Raed H Althomali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Art and Science, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Al-Dawasir 11991, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed M Rahman
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) & Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Latham AP, Levy ES, Sellers BD, Leung DH. Utilizing Molecular Simulations to Examine Nanosuspension Stability. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:50. [PMID: 38258061 PMCID: PMC11154398 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug nanosuspensions offer a promising approach to improve bioavailability for poorly soluble drug candidates. Such formulations often necessitate the inclusion of an excipient to stabilize the drug nanoparticles. However, the rationale for the choice of the correct excipient for a given drug candidate remains unclear. To gain molecular insight into formulation design, this work first utilizes a molecular dynamics simulation to computationally investigate drug-excipient interactions for a number of combinations that have been previously studied experimentally. We find that hydrophobic interactions drive excipient adsorption to drug nanoparticles and that the fraction of polar surface area serves as a predictor for experimental measurements of nanosuspension stability. To test these ideas prospectively, we applied our model to an uncharacterized drug compound, GDC-0810. Our simulations predicted that a salt form of GDC-0810 would lead to more stable nanosuspensions than the neutral form; therefore, we tested the stability of salt GDC-0810 nanosuspensions and found that the salt form readily formed nanosuspensions even without the excipient. To avoid computationally expensive simulations in the future, we extended our model by showing that simple, two-dimensional properties of single drug molecules can be used to rationalize nanosuspension designs without simulations. In all, our work demonstrates how computational tools can provide molecular insight into drug-excipient interactions and aid in rational formulation design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. Latham
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
| | - Elizabeth S. Levy
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
| | - Benjamin D. Sellers
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
| | - Dennis H. Leung
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA;
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6
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Liu Y, Zhao J, Chen J, Miao X. Nanocrystals in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals by topical delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 227:113385. [PMID: 37270904 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The main issues with local delivery of cosmetics are their high sensitivity and limited drug loading of active pharmaceutical ingredient. Nanocrystal technology offers consumers cutting-edge and effective products and exhibits enormous development potential in the beauty business as a new delivery method to address the issue of low solubility and low permeability of sensitive chemicals. In this review, we described the processes for making NCs, along with the impacts of loading and the uses of different carriers. Among them, nanocrystalline loaded gel and emulsion are widely used and may further improve the stability of the system. Then, we introduced the beauty efficacy of drug NCs from five aspects: anti-inflammation and acne, anti-bacterial, lightening and freckle removal, anti-aging as well as UV protection. Following that, we presented the current scenario about stability and safety. Finally, the challenges and vacancy were discussed along with the potential uses of NCs in the cosmetics industry. This review serves as a resource for the advancement of nanocrystal technology in the cosmetics sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Jingru Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xiaoqing Miao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
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7
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Meng T, Li Y, Ma S, Zhang Q, Qiao F, Hou Y, Gao T, Yang J. Elaborating the crystal transformation referenced microhydrodynamic model and fracture mechanism combined molecular modelling of irbesartan nanosuspensions formation in wet media milling. Int J Pharm 2023; 632:122562. [PMID: 36586631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, polymorphic transformation involved in media milling has become a key factor in inducing the instability of nanosuspensions (NSs). The variation trend of microhydrodynamic parameters, including milling intensity factor (F), can be observed under different milling conditions. Therefore, this study first referenced the microhydrodynamic model to explore how formulations and process parameters affect Irbesartan (IRB) form A crystallinity during wet media milling. As a result, the crystallinity of form A was affected by the intermolecular interactions between drug particles and stabilizers. The crystallinity of form A decreased with decreasing drug loading, increasing stirrer speed and bead loading, which depended on the role of F. Milling could promote the transformation from a 1H to 2H tetrazole ring with stabilizers containing -OH, and form B was changed to form A and finally to an amorphous state. Molecular modelling shows that forms A and B are ductile and fragile materials, respectively, and both present anisotropy. When milling beads hit both polymorphs paralleling to the (010) surface, the bead-bead collisions are more helpful in fracturing IRB particles. The results of this study may provide a foundation for controlling crystal transformation and obtaining ideal crystal forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Shijie Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Fangxia Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Preparation Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China.
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan 750004, PR China.
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8
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Ullah N, Khan D, Ahmed N, Zafar A, Shah KU, ur Rehman A. Lipase-sensitive fusidic acid polymeric nanoparticles based hydrogel for on-demand delivery against MRSA-infected burn wounds. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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9
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Synthesis of pH-responsive dimethylglycine surface-modified branched lipids for targeted delivery of antibiotics. Chem Phys Lipids 2022; 249:105241. [PMID: 36152880 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2022.105241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The rampant antimicrobial resistance crisis calls for efficient and targeted drug delivery of antibiotics at the infectious site. Hence, this study aimed to synthesize a pH-responsive dimethylglycine surface-modified branched lipid (DMGSAD-lipid). The structure of the synthesized lipid was fully confirmed. The lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) were formulated using the solvent evaporation method and characterised. Two LPHNPs (VCM_HS15_LPHNPs and VCM_RH40_LPHNPs) were formulated and characterised for size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP). Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations revealed that both the systems self-assembled to form energetically stable aggregates. The ZP of RH40_VCM_LPHNPs changed from 0.55 ± 0.14-9.44 ± 0.33 Vm, whereas for SH15_VCM_LPHNPs, ZP changed from - 1.55 ± 0.184 Vm to 9.83 ± 0.52 Vm at pH 7.4 and 6.0, respectively. The encapsulation efficiencies of VCM were above 40% while the drug release was faster at acidic pH when compared to pH 7.4. The antibacterial activity of LPHNPs against MRSA was eight-fold better in MICs at pH 6.0, compared to 7.4, when compared to bare VCM-treated specimens. The study confirms that pH-responsive LPHNPs have the potential for enhancing the treatment of bacterial infections and other diseases characterised by acidic conditions at the target site.
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10
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Effect of caffeic acid esters on antioxidant activity and oxidative stability of sunflower oil: Molecular simulation and experiments. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111760. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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11
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Ullah F, Shah KU, Shah SU, Nawaz A, Nawaz T, Khan KA, Alserihi RF, Tayeb HH, Tabrez S, Alfatama M. Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Chitosan Nanoparticles Physically Admixed with Lactose Microspheres for Pulmonary Delivery of Montelukast. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173564. [PMID: 36080637 PMCID: PMC9460706 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to synthesise montelukast-loaded polymeric nanoparticles via the ionic gelation method using chitosan as a natural polymer and tripolyphosphate as a crosslinking agent. Tween 80, hyaluronic acid and leucine were added to modify the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, reduce the nanoparticles’ uptake by alveolar macrophages and improve powder aerosolisation, respectively. The nanoparticles ranged from 220 nm to 383 nm with a polydispersity index of ≤0.50. The zeta potential of nanoparticles ranged from 11 mV to 22 mV, with a drug association efficiency of 46–86%. The simple chitosan nanoparticles (F2) were more spherical in comparison to other formulations (F4–F6), while the roughness of hyaluronic acid (F5) and leucine (F6) added formulations was significantly high er than F2 and Tween 80 added formulation (F4). The DSC and FTIR analysis depict that the physical and chemical properties of the drug were preserved. The release of the drugs from nanoparticles was more sustained in the case of F5 and F6 when compared to F2 and F4 due to the additional coating of hyaluronic acid and leucine. The nanoparticles were amorphous and cohesive and prone to exhalation due to their small size. Therefore, nanoparticles were admixed with lactose microspheres to reduce particle agglomeration and improve powder dispersion from a dry powder inhaler (DPI). The DPI formulations achieved a dispersed fraction of 75 to 90%, a mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 1–2 µm and a fine particle fraction (FPF) of 28–83% when evaluated using the Anderson cascade impactor from Handihaler®. Overall, the montelukast-loaded nanoparticles physically admixed with lactose microspheres achieved optimum deposition in the deep lung for potential application in asthmatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faqir Ullah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Kifayat Ullah Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (K.U.S.); (A.N.); (M.A.)
| | | | - Asif Nawaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (K.U.S.); (A.N.); (M.A.)
| | - Touseef Nawaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Kamran Ahmad Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Raed F. Alserihi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Nanomedicine Unit, Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam H. Tayeb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Nanomedicine Unit, Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Tabrez
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mulham Alfatama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, Besut 22200, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (K.U.S.); (A.N.); (M.A.)
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12
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Optimization, Characterization and In Vivo Evaluation of Mupirocin Nanocrystals for Topical Administration. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 176:106251. [PMID: 35788029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of infectious skin conditions resulting from wounds and burns with topical antibiotics is challenging, particularly those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (MRSA). This is due to the formation of bacterial biofilms characterized by antimicrobial resistance. Mupirocin (MP), a widely used topical antibiotic, is active against gram-positive bacteria including MRSA. However, MP suffers from sub-optimal therapeutic efficacy due to its poor water-solubility and the significant rise in MP-resistant S. aureus. In this study, the physico-chemical characteristics of MP were modified through nanocrystallization to improve its therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of skin infections. Mupirocin-nanocrystals (MP-NC) were prepared using a nanoprecipitation technique and optimized using a D-optimal response surface design. The optimization of MP-NC produced ultra-small monodisperse spherical particles with a mean diameter of 70 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.2. The design resulted in two optimal MP-NC formulations that were evaluated by performing series of in vitro, ex vivo, microbiological, and in vivo studies. In-vitro results showed a 10-fold increase in the saturation solubility and a 9-fold increase in the dissolution rate of MP-NC. Ex vivo permeation studies, using pig ears skin, showed a 2-fold increase in the dermal deposition of MP-NC with the highest drug deposition occurring at 500-µm skin depth. Moreover, the optimal MP-NC formulations were lyophilized and incorporated into a 2% w/w cream. Microbiological studies revealed a 16-fold decrease in the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of MP-NC. In vivo studies, using a rat excision burn wound model, demonstrated rapid and complete healing of infected burn wounds in rats treated with MP-NC cream in comparison to marketed Avoban ointment. Our results suggest that nanocrystallization of MP may provide an avenue through which higher levels of a topically applied MP can be permeated into the skin to reach relevant infectious areas and exert potential local antibacterial effects.
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Meng T, Qiao F, Ma S, Gao T, Li L, Hou Y, Yang J. Exploring the influence factors and improvement strategies of drug polymorphic transformation combined kinetic and thermodynamic perspectives during the formation of nanosuspensions. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 47:1867-1880. [PMID: 35362347 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2061988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanosuspensions can effectively increase saturation solubility and improve the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs attributed to high loading and surface-to-volume ratio. Wet media milling has been regarded as a scalable method to prepare nanosuspensions because of its simple operation and easy scale-up. In recent years, besides particle aggregation and Ostwald ripening, polymorphic transformation induced by processing has become a critical factor leading to the instability of nanosuspensions. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the influence factors comprehensively and put forward the corresponding improvement strategies of polymorphic transformation during the formation of nanosuspensions. In addition, this review also demonstrates the implication of molecular simulation in polymorphic transformation. The competition between shear-induced amorphization and thermally activated crystallization is the global mechanism of polymorphic transformation during media milling. The factors affecting the polymorphic transformation and corresponding improvement strategies are summarized from formulation and process parameters perspectives during the formation of nanosuspensions. The development of analytical techniques has promoted the qualitative and quantitative characterization of polymorphic transformation, and some techniques can in-situ monitor dynamic transformation. The microhydrodynamic model can be referenced to study the stress intensities by analyzing formulation and process parameters during wet media milling. Molecular simulation can be used to explore the possible polymorphic transformation based on the crystal structure and energy. This review is helpful to improve the stability of nanosuspensions by regulating polymorphic transformation, providing quality assurance for nanosuspension-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
| | - Fangxia Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
| | - Shijie Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Preparation Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No.804 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
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Spatial-thermodynamic understanding of stabilization mechanism using computational approaches and molecular-level elucidation of the mechanism of crystal transformation in polymorphic irbesartan nanosuspensions. Int J Pharm 2022; 612:121350. [PMID: 34896564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Irbesartan polymorphisms possess low solubility properties, nanosuspensions represent a method for improving the dissolution. Stabilizers are significant constituents of nanosuspensions. Herein we presented computational research on screening stabilizers and exploring stabilization mechanisms. The crystal transformation mechanism was also investigated. Soluplus-P407 and TPGS-HPMCE5 were screened by spatial conformation and thermodynamic energy analyses. The prepared nanosuspensions improved the dissolution properties of bulk drugs at pH 1.2, 4.5, 6.8. The nanosuspensions stabilization mechanism was analyzed by Molecular docking, Molecular dynamics simulations, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. It might be relate to the decreased enthalpy and Gibbs free energy which were determined by the synergy of external and internal energy factors. The X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed the crystal structures. The irbesartan B form was transformed in a Soluplus-P407-B/TPGS-HPMCE5-B physical mixture, but not in an SDS (-OH free)-B physical mixture. The intra-proton transfer induced by -OH on the stabilizer might be the transformation mechanism.
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Ma S, Guo J, Tian Z, Meng T, Mai Y, Yang J. Multi-directionally evaluating the formation mechanism of 1,4-dihydropyridine drug nanosuspensions through experimental validation and computer-aided drug design. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 47:1587-1597. [PMID: 35037805 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2028824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The poor aqueous solubility of 1,4-dihydropyridine drugs needs to be solved urgently to improve the bioavailability. Nanotechnology can improve drug solubility and dissolution by reducing particle size, but usually a specific polymer or surfactant is required for stabilization. In this study, Poloxamer-407(P-407) was screened as the optimal stabilize through energy simulation, molecular docking and particle size. morphological study, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman, in vitro dissolution test and molecular simulation of interactions were utilized to explore the formation mechanisms of four 1,4-dihydropyridine drugs/P-407 nanosuspensions. The result shows that the optimized nanosuspensions had the particle size in the nano-size range and maintained the original crystal state. The in vitro dissolution rate of the nanosuspension was 3-4 times higher than the corresponding API and could reduce the restriction of drug dissolution in different pH environments. Raman spectroscopy, FTIR and molecular docking simulations provided strong supporting evidence for the formation mechanism of 1,4-dihydropyridine drugs/P-407 nanosuspensions at the molecular level, which confirmed that the stable intermolecular hydrogen bond adsorption and hydrophobic interaction were formed between the drug and P-407. This research will provide practical concepts and technologies, which are helpful to develop nanosuspensions for the same class of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
| | - Jueshuo Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
| | - Zonghua Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
| | - Tingting Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
| | - Yaping Mai
- Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No.1160 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P R China
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Zhang Z, Li L, Dong L, Tian J, Meng T, Zhao Q, Yang J. Molecular mechanisms involved in supersaturation of Emodin ternary solid dispersions based on bonding agents. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2000-2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Mohamed MA, Nasr M, Elkhatib WF, Eltayeb WN, Elshamy AA, El-Sayyad GS. Nanobiotic formulations as promising advances for combating MRSA resistance: susceptibilities and post-antibiotic effects of clindamycin, doxycycline, and linezolid. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39696-39706. [PMID: 35494109 PMCID: PMC9044563 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08639a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial activity and post-antibiotic effects (PAEs) are both important parameters in determination of the dosage regimen of antimicrobial agents. In the present study, antimicrobial activity and PAEs of clindamycin, doxycycline, linezolid, and their nanobiotic formulations were evaluated against two methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates (MRSA) encoded (MRSA-S1 and MRSA-S2). Nanobiotic formulations increased the susceptibility of MRSA isolates by 4-64 folds as compared to their conventional ones. The PAE values were determined after exposure of MRSA isolates for 1 h to 10× the MICs of the tested antibiotics. The duration of PAEs were recorded after bacterial growth in Mueller Hinton broth (MHB) free from antibiotic has been restored. The PAE values for MRSA-S1 were 2.5 h for the conventional antibiotics. However, the PAEs for nanobiotics were 4 h for both clindamycin and linezolid, while 3 h for doxycycline. For MRSA-S2, linezolid and linezolid nanobiotics PAEs were 3 h. PAEs of clindamycin and clindamycin nanobiotics were 3.75 h and 4 h, respectively. Doxycycline and doxycycline nanobiotics revealed the same PAEs patterns of 3.5 h. The findings of the current study may positively influence the pharmacodynamics of the antibiotics and consequently the dosage regimen of nanobiotics as well as on their clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mennatallah A Mohamed
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University Cairo 19648 Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization St. Abbassia Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Walid F Elkhatib
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization St. Abbassia Cairo 11566 Egypt +20-2-24051107 +20-2-24051120
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University New Galala City Suez Egypt
| | - Wafaa N Eltayeb
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University Cairo 19648 Egypt
| | - Aliaa A Elshamy
- Microbiology and Public Health Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development Cairo Belbes Road Cairo 11788 Egypt
| | - Gharieb S El-Sayyad
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University New Galala City Suez Egypt
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) Cairo Egypt +20-2-22749298 +20-2-22727413
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Tobin E, Brenner S. Nanotechnology Fundamentals Applied to Clinical Infectious Diseases and Public Health. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab583. [PMID: 34988245 PMCID: PMC8694202 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology involves the discovery and fabrication of nanoscale materials possessing unique physicochemical properties that are being employed in industry and medicine. Infectious Diseases clinicians and public health scientists utilize nanotechnology applications to diagnose, treat, and prevent infectious diseases. However, fundamental principles of nanotechnology are often presented in technical formats that presuppose an advanced knowledge of chemistry, physics, and engineering, thereby limiting the clinician’s grasp of the underlying science. While nanoscience is technically complex, it need not be out of reach of the clinical practitioner. The aim of this review is to introduce fundamental principles of nanotechnology in an accessible format, describe examples of current clinical infectious diseases and public health applications, and provide a foundation that will aid understanding of and appreciation for this burgeoning and important field of science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellis Tobin
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Sara Brenner
- Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health, Office of Product Evaluation and Quality, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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19
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Sayyad N, Maji R, Omolo CA, Ganai AM, Ibrahim UH, Pathan TK, Devnarain N, Karpoormath R, Dhawan S, Obakachi VA, Merugu SR, Kayamba F, Mahlalela M, Govender T, Tzakos AG, Singh S. Development of niosomes for encapsulating captopril-quercetin prodrug to combat hypertension. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121191. [PMID: 34670120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel and effective anti-hypertensive agents are required to manage hypertension; therefore, we synthesised a novel antihypertensive drug from captopril and quercetin (cap-que) and explored its antihypertensive potential in a niosomal formulation via molecular hybridisation. The cap-que hybrid was synthesised, and its structure was characterised via NMR, FTIR, and HRMS. Niosomes were then loaded with cap-que using the thin-film hydration method. The particle size, polydispersity index, surface charge and drug entrapment efficiency (EE%) of the formulation were 418.8 ± 4.21 nm, 0.393 ± 0.063, 16.25 ± 0.21 mV, and 87.74 ± 2.82%, respectively. The drug release profile showed a sustained release of the active compound (43 ± 0.09%) from the niosomal formulation, compared to the parent drug (80.7 ± 4.68%), over 24 h. The cell viability study confirmed the biosafety of the formulation. The in vivo study in a rat model showed enhanced antihypertensive activity of the hybrid molecule and niosomal formulation which reduced systolic and diastolic pressure when compared to the individual, bare drugs. The findings of this study concluded that the antihypertensive potential of captopril can be enhanced by its hybridisation with quercetin, followed by niosomal nano drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Sayyad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Ruma Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; United States International University-Africa, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, P.O. Box 14634-00800, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ab Majeed Ganai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Usri H Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tabasum Khan Pathan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Nikita Devnarain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Sanjeev Dhawan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Vincent A Obakachi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Srinivas Reddy Merugu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Francis Kayamba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Mavela Mahlalela
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
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Tian J, Qiao F, Hou Y, Tian B, Yang J. Exploring space-energy matching via quantum-molecular mechanics modeling and breakage dynamics-energy dissipation via microhydrodynamic modeling to improve the screening efficiency of nanosuspension prepared by wet media milling. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1643-1657. [PMID: 34382869 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1967928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The preparation of nanosuspensions by wet media milling is a promising technique that increases the bioavailability of insoluble drugs. The nanosuspension is thermodynamically unstable, where its stability might be influenced by the interaction energy between the stabilizers and the drugs after milling at a specific collision energy. However, it is difficult to screen the stabilizers and the parameters of milling accurately and quickly by using traditional analysis methods. Quantum-molecular mechanics and microhydrodynamic modeling can be applied to improve screening efficiency.Areas covered: Quantum-molecular mechanics model, which includes molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and data on binding energy, provides insights into screening stabilizers based on their molecular behavior at the atomic level. The microhydrodynamic model explores the mechanical processes and energy dissipation in nanomilling, and even combines information on the mechanical modulus and an energy vector diagram for the milling parameters screening of drug crystals.Expert opinion: These modeling methods improve screening efficiency and support screening theories based on thermodynamics and physical dynamics. However, how to reasonably combine different modeling methods with their theoretical characteristics and further multidimensional and cross-scale simulations of nanosuspension formation remain challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, P R China
| | - Fangxia Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, P R China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, P R China
| | - Bin Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shanxi University of Science and Technology, Weiyang University Park, Xi'an, P R China
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, P R China
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21
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Omolo CA, Hassan D, Devnarain N, Jaglal Y, Mocktar C, Kalhapure RS, Jadhav M, Govender T. Formulation of pH responsive multilamellar vesicles for targeted delivery of hydrophilic antibiotics. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:112043. [PMID: 34416442 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fight against antimicrobial resistance calls for innovative strategies that can target infection sites and enhance activity of antibiotics. Herein is a pH responsive multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) for targeting bacterial infection sites. The vancomycin (VCM) loaded MLVs had 62.25 ± 8.7 nm, 0.15 ± 0.01 and -5.55 ± 2.76 mV size, PDI and zeta potential, respectively at pH 7.4. The MLVs had a negative ZP at pH 7.4 that switched to a positive charge and faster release of the drug at acidic pH. The encapsulation efficiency was found to be 46.34 ± 3.88 %. In silico studies of the lipids, interaction suggested an energetically stable system. Studies to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration studies (MIC) showed the MLVs had 2-times and 8-times MIC against Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Methicillin resistance SA respectively at physiological pH. While at pH 6.0 there was 8 times reduction in MICs for the formulation against SA and MRSA in comparison to the bare drug. Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting (FACS) studies demonstrated that even with 8-times lower MIC, MLVs had a similar elimination ability of MRSA cells when compared to the bare drug. Fluorescence microscopy showed MLVs had the ability to clear biofilms while the bare drug could not. Mice skin infection models studies showed that the colony finding units (CFUs) of MRSA recovered from groups treated with MLVs was 4,050 and 525-fold lower than the untreated and bare VCM treated groups, respectively. This study demonstrated pH-responsive multilamellar vesicles as effective system for targeting and enhancing antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag, Durban X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University-Africa, P. O. Box 14634-00800, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Daniel Hassan
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag, Durban X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Nikita Devnarain
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag, Durban X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Yajna Jaglal
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag, Durban X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag, Durban X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Rahul S Kalhapure
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag, Durban X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Mahantesh Jadhav
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag, Durban X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag, Durban X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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22
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Maji R, Omolo CA, Jaglal Y, Singh S, Devnarain N, Mocktar C, Govender T. A transferosome-loaded bigel for enhanced transdermal delivery and antibacterial activity of vancomycin hydrochloride. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:120990. [PMID: 34389419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery is an attractive route of administration relative to other routes as it offers enhanced therapeutic efficacy. However, due to poor skin permeability of certain drugs, their application in transdermal delivery is limited. The ultra-deformable nature of transferosomes makes them suitable vehicles for transdermal delivery of drugs that have high molecular weights and hydrophilicity. However, their low viscosity, which leads to low contact time on the surface of the skin, has restricted their application in transdermal delivery. Therefore, this study aimed to deliver transferosomes loaded with a highly water-soluble and high molecular weight vancomycin hydrochloride (VCM-HCl) via a bigel for systemic delivery and treatment of microbial infections. VCM-HCl-loaded transferosomal formulations (TNFs) were prepared using a reverse-phase evaporation method and then loaded into a bigel. Both the TNFs and TNFs-loaded bigel (TNF-L-B) were characterized by a range of in vitro and ex vivo techniques. TNFs and TNF-L-B were tested for biosafety via the MTT assay and found to be biosafe. Prepared TNFs had sizes, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency of 63.02 ± 5.34 nm, -20.93 ± 6.13 mV and 84.48 ± 1.22% respectively. VCM-HCl release from TNF-L-B showed a prolonged release profile with 39.76 ± 1.6% after 24hrs when compared to bare VCM-HCl loaded in the bigel (74.81 ± 8.84%). Ex-vivo permeation of prepared TNF-L-B showed a higher permeation flux of 0.56 µg/cm2/h compared to the bare VCM-HCl-loaded bigel of 0.23 µg/cm2/h, indicating superior permeation and bioavailability of the drug. Additionally, the prepared TNF-L-B demonstrated improved antimicrobial activity. The TNF-L-B showed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 0.97 μg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and 1.95 μg/ml against methicillin-resistant SA (MRSA), which were 2-fold lower MIC values than the bare drug. The time-kill assay showed that both TNFs and TNF-L-B systems caused a 5.6-log reduction (100%) in MRSA compared to bare VCM-HCl after 24 hrs of incubation. Furthermore, as opposed to the bare VCM-HCl solution, the degree of biofilm reduction caused by TNFs (55.72%) and TNF-L-B (34.58%) suggests their dominance in eradicating MRSA biofilm. These findings indicate that TNF-L-B is a promising system for transdermal delivery of hydrophilic and high molecular weight drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Maji
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; United States International University-Africa, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, P.O. Box 14634-00800, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Yajna Jaglal
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sanil Singh
- Biomedical Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nikita Devnarain
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
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Antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria using fusidic acid-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.104876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zhang J, Corpstein CD, Li T. Intracellular uptake of nanocrystals: Probing with aggregation-induced emission of fluorescence and kinetic modeling. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1021-1029. [PMID: 33996414 PMCID: PMC8105771 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocrystal formulations have been explored to deliver poorly water-soluble drug molecules. Despite various studies of nanocrystal formulation and delivery, much more understanding needs to be gained into absorption mechanisms and kinetics of drug nanocrystals at various levels, ranging from cells to tissues and to the whole body. In this study, nanocrystals of tetrakis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethylene (THPE) with an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property was used as a model to explore intracellular absorption mechanism and dissolution kinetics of nanocrystals. Cellular uptake studies were conducted with KB cells and characterized by confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and quantitative analyses. The results suggested that THPE nanocrystals could be taken up by KB cells directly, as well as in the form of dissolved molecules. The cellular uptake was found to be concentration- and time-dependent. In addition, the intracellular THPE also could be exocytosed from cells in forms of dissolved molecules and nanocrystals. Kinetic modeling was conducted to further understand the cellular mechanism of THPE nanocrystals based on first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). By fitting the kinetic model against experimental measurements, it was found that the initial nanocrystal concentration had a great influence on the dynamic process of dissolution, cellular uptake, and exocytosis of THPE nanocrystals. As the nanocrystal concentration increased in the culture media, dissolution of endocytosed nanocrystals became enhanced, subsequently driving the efflux of THPE molecules from cells. Nanocrystals of Tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethylene (THPE), an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe was used as a model. THPE nanocrystals could be taken up in forms of dissolved molecules and nanocrystals. The dynamic process of dissolution, cellular uptake, and exocytosis of THPE nanocrystals was concentration-dependent. Exocytosis of intracellular THPE-NCs bore different kinetics and/or mechanisms compared with endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Clairissa D. Corpstein
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tonglei Li
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Shaikh MS, Kale MA, Shaikh MDM, Mahaparale PR. Formulation, characterization and antimicrobial studies of lyophilized luliconazole nanosuspension for enhancing solubility using modified polymer. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1879077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Sayeed Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College of Pharmacy Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayura A. Kale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College of Pharmacy Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - MD Mujtba Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Kohinoor Institute of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
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Wu ZL, Zhao J, Xu R. Recent Advances in Oral Nano-Antibiotics for Bacterial Infection Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9587-9610. [PMID: 33293809 PMCID: PMC7719120 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s279652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections are the main infectious diseases and cause of death worldwide. Antibiotics are used to treat various infections ranging from minor to life-threatening ones. The dominant route to administer antibiotics is through oral delivery and subsequent gastrointestinal tract (GIT) absorption. However, the delivery efficiency is limited by many factors such as low drug solubility and/or permeability, gastrointestinal instability, and low antibacterial activity. Nanotechnology has emerged as a novel and efficient tool for targeting drug delivery, and a number of promising nanotherapeutic strategies have been widely explored to overcome these obstacles. In this review, we explore published studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the recent progress in the area of orally deliverable nano-antibiotic formulations. The first part of this article discusses the functions and underlying mechanisms by which nanomedicines increase the oral absorption of antibiotics. The second part focuses on the classification of oral nano-antibiotics and summarizes the advantages, disadvantages and applications of nanoformulations including lipid, polymer, nanosuspension, carbon nanotubes and mesoporous silica nanoparticles in oral delivery of antibiotics. Lastly, the challenges and future perspective of oral nano-antibiotics for infection disease therapy are discussed. Overall, nanomedicines designed for oral drug delivery system have demonstrated the potential for the improvement and optimization of currently available antibiotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Liang Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
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Hassan D, Omolo CA, Fasiku VO, Elrashedy AA, Mocktar C, Nkambule B, Soliman MES, Govender T. Formulation of pH-Responsive Quatsomes from Quaternary Bicephalic Surfactants and Cholesterol for Enhanced Delivery of Vancomycin against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1093. [PMID: 33202629 PMCID: PMC7696852 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, human beings continue to be at high risk of infectious diseases caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); and current treatments are being depleted due to antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, the synthesis and formulation of novel materials is essential for combating antimicrobial resistance. The study aimed to synthesize a quaternary bicephalic surfactant (StBAclm) and thereof to formulate pH-responsive vancomycin (VCM)-loaded quatsomes to enhance the activity of the antibiotic against MRSA. The surfactant structure was confirmed using 1H, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The quatsomes were prepared using a sonication/dispersion method and were characterized using various in vitro, in vivo, and in silico techniques. The in vitro cell biocompatibility studies of the surfactant and pH-responsive vancomycin-loaded quatsomes (VCM-StBAclm-Qt1) revealed that they are biosafe. The prepared quatsomes had a mean hydrodynamic diameter (MHD), polydispersity index (PDI), and drug encapsulation efficiency (DEE) of 122.9 ± 3.78 nm, 0.169 ± 0.02 mV, and 52.22 ± 8.4%, respectively, with surface charge switching from negative to positive at pH 7.4 and pH 6.0, respectively. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) characterization of the quatsomes showed spherical vesicles with MHD similar to the one obtained from the zeta-sizer. The in vitro drug release of VCM from the quatsomes was faster at pH 6.0 compared to pH 7.4. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the drug loaded quatsomes against MRSA was 32-fold and 8-fold lower at pH 6.0 and pH 7.4, respectively, compared to bare VCM, demonstrating the pH-responsiveness of the quatsomes and the enhanced activity of VCM at acidic pH. The drug-loaded quatsomes demonstrated higher electrical conductivity and a decrease in protein and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) concentrations as compared to the bare drug. This confirmed greater MRSA membrane damage, compared to treatment with bare VCM. The flow cytometry study showed that the drug-loaded quatsomes had a similar bactericidal killing effect on MRSA despite a lower (8-fold) VCM concentration when compared to the bare VCM. Fluorescence microscopy revealed the ability of the drug-loaded quatsomes to eradicate MRSA biofilms. The in vivo studies in a skin infection mice model showed that groups treated with VCM-loaded quatsomes had a 13-fold decrease in MRSA CFUs when compared to the bare VCM treated groups. This study confirmed the potential of pH-responsive VCM-StBAclm quatsomes as an effective delivery system for targeted delivery and for enhancing the activity of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hassan
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; (D.H.); (V.O.F.); (A.A.E.); (C.M.); (M.E.S.S.)
| | - Calvin A. Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; (D.H.); (V.O.F.); (A.A.E.); (C.M.); (M.E.S.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University-Africa, P. O. Box 14634, Nairobi 00800, Kenya
| | - Victoria Oluwaseun Fasiku
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; (D.H.); (V.O.F.); (A.A.E.); (C.M.); (M.E.S.S.)
| | - Ahmed A Elrashedy
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; (D.H.); (V.O.F.); (A.A.E.); (C.M.); (M.E.S.S.)
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; (D.H.); (V.O.F.); (A.A.E.); (C.M.); (M.E.S.S.)
| | - Bongani Nkambule
- Department of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Mahmoud E. S. Soliman
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; (D.H.); (V.O.F.); (A.A.E.); (C.M.); (M.E.S.S.)
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; (D.H.); (V.O.F.); (A.A.E.); (C.M.); (M.E.S.S.)
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Salih M, Walvekar P, Omolo CA, Elrashedy AA, Devnarain N, Fasiku V, Waddad AY, Mocktar C, Govender T. A self-assembled polymer therapeutic for simultaneously enhancing solubility and antimicrobial activity and lowering serum albumin binding of fusidic acid. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:6567-6584. [PMID: 32772814 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1803140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The global antimicrobial resistance crisis has prompted worldwide efforts to develop new and more efficient antimicrobial compounds, as well as to develop new drug delivery strategies and targeting mechanisms. This study aimed to synthesize a novel polyethylene glycol-fusidic acid (PEG-FA) conjugate for self-assembly into nano-sized structures and explore its potential for simultaneously enhancing aqueous solubility and antibacterial activity of FA. In addition, the ability of PEG-FA to bind to HSA with lower affinity than FA is also investigated. Haemolysis and in vitro cytotoxicity studies confirmed superior biosafety of the novel PEG-FA compared to FA. The water solubility of FA after PEG conjugation was increased by 25-fold compared to the bare drug. PEG-FA nanoparticles displayed particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 149.3 ± 0.21 nm, 0.267 ± 0.01 and 5.97 ± 1.03 mV, respectively. Morphology studies using high-resolution transmission electron microscope revealed a homogenous spherical shape of the PEG-FA nanoparticles. In silico studies showed that Van der Waals forces facilitated PEG-FA self-assembly. HSA binding studies showed that PEG-FA had very weak or no interaction with HSA using in silico molecular docking (-2.93 kcal/mol) and microscale thermophoresis (Kd=14999 ± 1.36 µM), which may prevent bilirubin displacement. Conjugation with PEG did not inhibit the antibacterial activity of FA but rather enhanced it by 2.5-fold against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, compared to the bare FA. These results show that PEG-FA can simultaneously enhance solubility and antibacterial activity of FA, whilst also reducing binding of HSA to decrease its side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salih
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Pavan Walvekar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Elrashedy
- School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nikita Devnarain
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Victoria Fasiku
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ayman Y Waddad
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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29
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Jyoti K, Malik G, Chaudhary M, Sharma M, Goswami M, Katare OP, Singh SB, Madan J. Chitosan and phospholipid assisted topical fusidic acid drug delivery in burn wound: Strategies to conquer pharmaceutical and clinical challenges, opportunities and future panorama. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:325-335. [PMID: 32485249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Burn is the immense public health issue globally. Low and middle income countries face extensive deaths owing to burn injuries. Availability of conventional therapies for burns has always been painful for patients as well as expensive for our health system. Pharmaceutical experts are still searching reliable, cheap, safe and effective treatment options for burn injuries. Fusidic acid is an antibiotic of choice for the management of burns. However, fusidic acid is encountering several pharmaceutical and clinical challenges like poor skin permeability and growing drug resistance against burn wound microbes like Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Therefore, an effort has been made to present a concise review about molecular pathway followed by fusidic acid in the treatment of burn wound infection in addition to associated pros and cons. Furthermore, we have also summarized chitosan and phospholipid based topical dermal delivery systems customized by our team for the delivery of fusidic acid in burn wound infections on case-to-case basis. However, every coin has two sides. We recommend the integration of in-silico docking techniques with natural biomacromolecules while designing stable, patient friendly and cost effective topical drug delivery systems of fusidic acid for the management of burn wound infection as future opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Jyoti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Punjab, India; IKG Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Garima Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | | | - Monika Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Manish Goswami
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Om Prakash Katare
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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30
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Rudd ND, Reibarkh M, Fang R, Mittal S, Walsh PL, Brunskill APJ, Forrest WP. Interpreting In Vitro Release Performance from Long-Acting Parenteral Nanosuspensions Using USP-4 Dissolution and Spectroscopic Techniques. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1734-1747. [PMID: 32267708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Injectable sustained release dosage forms have emerged as desirable therapeutic routes for patients that require life-long treatments. The prevalence of drug molecules with low aqueous solubility and bioavailability has added momentum toward the development of suspension-based long-acting parenteral (LAP) formulations; the previously undesirable physicochemical properties of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II/IV compounds are best suited for extended release applications. Effective in vitro release (IVR) testing of crystalline suspensions affirms product quality during early-stage development and provides connections with in vivo performance. However, before in vitro-in vivo correlations (IVIVCs) can be established, it is necessary to evaluate formulation attributes that directly affect IVR properties. In this work, a series of crystalline LAP nanosuspensions were formulated with different stabilizing polymers and applied to a continuous flow-through (USP-4) dissolution method. This technique confirmed the role of salt effects on the stability of polymer-coated nanoparticles through the detection of disparate active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) release profiles. The polymer stabilizers with extended hydrophilic chains exhibited elevated intrapolymer activity from the loss of hydrogen-bond cushioning in dissolution media with heightened ionic strength, confirmed through one-dimensional (1D) 1H NMR and two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (2D NOESY) experiments. Thus, steric repulsion within the affected nanosuspensions was limited and release rates decreased. Additionally, the strength of interaction between hydrophobic polymer components and the API crystalline surface contributed to suspension dissolution properties, confirmed through solution- and solid-state spectroscopic analyses. This study provides a unique perspective on the dynamic interface between the crystalline drug and aqueous microenvironment during dissolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Rudd
- Analytical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mikhail Reibarkh
- Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Rui Fang
- Sterile & Specialty Products, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Sachin Mittal
- Sterile & Specialty Products, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Paul L Walsh
- Analytical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | | | - William P Forrest
- Sterile & Specialty Products, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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Ahmed IS, Elnahas OS, Assar NH, Gad AM, El Hosary R. Nanocrystals of Fusidic Acid for Dual Enhancement of Dermal Delivery and Antibacterial Activity: In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030199. [PMID: 32106544 PMCID: PMC7150744 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With the alarming rise in incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the scarcity of newly developed antibiotics, it is imperative that we design more effective formulations for already marketed antimicrobial agents. Fusidic acid (FA), one of the most widely used antibiotics in the topical treatment of several skin and eye infections, suffers from poor water-solubility, sub-optimal therapeutic efficacy, and a significant rise in FA-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (FRSA). In this work, the physico-chemical characteristics of FA were modified by nanocrystallization and lyophilization to improve its therapeutic efficacy through the dermal route. FA-nanocrystals (NC) were prepared using a modified nanoprecipitation technique and the influence of several formulation/process variables on the prepared FA-NC characteristics were optimized using full factorial statistical design. The optimized FA-NC formulation was evaluated before and after lyophilization by several in-vitro, ex-vivo, and microbiological tests. Furthermore, the lyophilized FA-NC formulation was incorporated into a cream product and its topical antibacterial efficacy was assessed in vivo using a rat excision wound infection model. Surface morphology of optimized FA-NC showed spherical particles with a mean particle size of 115 nm, span value of 1.6 and zeta potential of −11.6 mV. Differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffractometry confirmed the crystallinity of FA following nanocrystallization and lyophilization. In-vitro results showed a 10-fold increase in the saturation solubility of FA-NC while ex-vivo skin permeation studies showed a 2-fold increase in FA dermal deposition from FA-NC compared to coarse FA. Microbiological studies revealed a 4-fofd decrease in the MIC against S. aureus and S. epidermidis from FA-NC cream compared to commercial Fucidin cream. In-vivo results showed that FA-NC cream improved FA distribution and enhanced bacterial exposure in the infected wound, resulting in increased therapeutic efficacy when compared to coarse FA marketed as Fucidin cream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman S. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +971-503794374; Fax: +971-65585812
| | - Osama S. Elnahas
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt;
| | - Nouran H. Assar
- Department of Microbiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo 12553, Egypt
| | - Amany M. Gad
- Department of Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo 12553, Egypt
| | - Rania El Hosary
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo 12553, Egypt;
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Jangid AK, Jain P, Medicherla K, Pooja D, Kulhari H. Solid-state properties, solubility, stability and dissolution behaviour of co-amorphous solid dispersions of baicalin. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00750a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Formation of different baicalin co-former based solid dispersion formulations, which demonstrate improved solubility and dissolution performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Jangid
- School of Nano Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar-382030
- India
| | - Poonam Jain
- School of Nano Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar-382030
- India
| | - Kanakaraju Medicherla
- Department of Human Genetics
- College of Science and Technology
- Andhra University
- Visakhapatnam-530003
- India
| | - Deep Pooja
- The Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Science
- RMIT University
- Melbourne-3000
- Australia
| | - Hitesh Kulhari
- School of Nano Sciences
- Central University of Gujarat
- Gandhinagar-382030
- India
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33
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Supramolecular amphiphiles of Beta-cyclodextrin and Oleylamine for enhancement of vancomycin delivery. Int J Pharm 2020; 574:118881. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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34
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An overview of techniques for multifold enhancement in solubility of poorly soluble drugs. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2019-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Poor water solubility of newly discovered compounds has become the most common challenge in the drug development process. Indeed, poor solubility is considered as the root cause of failure of drug during drug development phases. Moreover, it has also been reported to be the main reason for bioavailability issues such as poor, inconsistent, incomplete and highly variable bioavailability of the marketed products. As per an estimate, approximately 90% of drug molecules suffer with poor water solubility at early stage and approximately 40% of the marketed drugs have bioavailability problems mainly due to poor water solubility. Solubility enhancement of the newly discovered compounds is primary research area for the pharmaceutical industries and research institutions. The conventional techniques to improve aqueous solubility of drugs employ salt formation, prodrug formation, co-crystallization, complexation, amorphous solid dispersion and use of co-solvent, surfactants or hydrotropic agents. Current advancement in the science and technology has enabled the use of relatively new techniques under the umbrella of nanotechnology. These include the development of nanocrystals, nanosuspensions, nanoemulsions, microemulsions, liposomes and nanoparticles to enhance the solubility. This review focuses on the conventional and current approaches of multifold enhancement in the solubility of poorly soluble marketed drugs, including newly discovered compounds.
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Cui H, Chen X, Bai M, Han D, Lin L, Dong M. Multipathway Antibacterial Mechanism of a Nanoparticle-Supported Artemisinin Promoted by Nitrogen Plasma Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:47299-47310. [PMID: 31797661 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin has excellent antimalarial, antiparasitic, and antibacterial activities; however, the poor water solubility of artemisinin crystal limits their application in antibiosis. Herein, artemisinin crystal was first composited with silica nanoparticles (SNPs) to form an artemisinin@silica nanoparticle (A@SNP). After treating with nitrogen plasma, the aqueous solubility of plasma-treated A@SNP (A@SNP-p) approaches 42.26%, which is possibly attributed to the exposure of hydrophilic groups such as -OH groups on the SNPs during the plasma process. Compared with the pristine A@SNP, the antibacterial activity of A@SNP-p against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains is further enhanced, and its bactericidal rate against both strains exceeded 6 log CFU/mL (>99.9999%), which is contributed by the increased water solubility of the A@SNP-p. A possible multipathway antibacterial mechanism of A@SNP was proposed and preliminarily proved by the changes of intracellular materials of bacteria and the inhibition of bacterial metabolism processes, including the HMP pathway in Gram-negative strain and EMP pathway in Gram-positive strain, after treating with A@SNP-p. These findings from the present work will provide a new view for fabricating artemisinin-based materials as antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Cui
- School of Food & Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , China
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research , Aarhus University , Aarhus 8000 , Denmark
| | - Mei Bai
- School of Food & Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , China
| | - Dong Han
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing , China 100190
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Food & Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , China
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research , Aarhus University , Aarhus 8000 , Denmark
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36
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Omolo CA, Megrab NA, Kalhapure RS, Agrawal N, Jadhav M, Mocktar C, Rambharose S, Maduray K, Nkambule B, Govender T. Liposomes with pH responsive 'on and off' switches for targeted and intracellular delivery of antibiotics. J Liposome Res 2019; 31:45-63. [PMID: 31663407 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2019.1686517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
pH responsive drug delivery systems are one of the new strategies to address the spread of bacterial resistance to currently used antibiotics. The aim of this study was to formulate liposomes with 'On' and 'Off'' pH responsive switches for infection site targeting. The vancomycin (VCM) loaded liposomes had sizes below 100 nm, at pH 7.4. The QL-liposomes had a negative zeta potential at pH 7.4 that switched to a positive charge at acidic pH. VCM release from the liposome was quicker at pH 6 than pH 7.4. The OA-QL-liposome showed 4-fold lower MIC at pH 7.4 and 8- and 16-fold lower at pH 6.0 against both MSSA and MRSA compared to the bare drug. OA-QL liposome had a 1266.67- and 704.33-fold reduction in the intracellular infection for TPH-1 macrophage and HEK293 cells respectively. In vivo studies showed that the amount of MRSA recovered from mice treated with formulations was 189.67 and 6.33-fold lower than the untreated and bare VCM treated mice respectively. MD simulation of the QL lipid with the phosphatidylcholine membrane (POPC) showed spontaneous binding of the lipid to the bilayer membrane both electrostatic and Van der Waals interactions contributed to the binding. These studies demonstrated that the 'On' and 'Off' pH responsive liposomes enhanced the activity targeted and intracellular delivery VCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University of Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nagia A Megrab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rahul S Kalhapure
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nikhil Agrawal
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mahantesh Jadhav
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sanjeev Rambharose
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kaminee Maduray
- Department of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bongani Nkambule
- Department of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Maji R, Omolo CA, Agrawal N, Maduray K, Hassan D, Mokhtar C, Mackhraj I, Govender T. pH-Responsive Lipid–Dendrimer Hybrid Nanoparticles: An Approach To Target and Eliminate Intracellular Pathogens. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4594-4609. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Maji
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Calvin A. Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University of Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nikhil Agrawal
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kaminee Maduray
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Daniel Hassan
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chunderika Mokhtar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Irene Mackhraj
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Walvekar P, Gannimani R, Salih M, Makhathini S, Mocktar C, Govender T. Self-assembled oleylamine grafted hyaluronic acid polymersomes for delivery of vancomycin against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 182:110388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Agrawal N, Chandrasekaran B, Al-Aboudi A. Recent Advances in the In-silico Structure-based and Ligand-based Approaches for the Design and Discovery of Agonists and Antagonists of A2A Adenosine Receptor. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:774-782. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190306162006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A2A receptor belongs to the family of GPCRs, which are the most abundant membrane protein family.
Studies in the last few decades have shown the therapeutic applications of A2A receptor in various diseases. In the
present mini-review, we have discussed the recent progress in the in-silico studies of the A2A receptor. Herein, we
described the different structures of A2A receptor, the discovery of new agonists and antagonists using virtualscreening/
docking, pharmacophore modeling, and QSAR based pharmacophore modeling. We have also discussed
various molecular dynamics (MD) simulations studies of A2A receptor in complex with ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Agrawal
- College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. O. Box: 4000, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Balakumar Chandrasekaran
- College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. O. Box: 4000, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Amal Al-Aboudi
- Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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Hassan D, Omolo CA, Gannimani R, Waddad AY, Mocktar C, Rambharose S, Agrawal N, Govender T. Delivery of novel vancomycin nanoplexes for combating methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Int J Pharm 2019; 558:143-156. [PMID: 30641177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel antibiotic systems is needed to address the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. The aim of the study was to explore the novel nanoplex delivery method for vancomycin (VCM) against MRSA using dextran sulfate sodium salt (DXT) as a polyelectrolyte complexing agent. Nanoplexes were formulated by the self-assembling amphiphile polyelectrolyte complexation method and characterized. The size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) of the optimized VCM nanoplexes were 84.6 ± 4.248 nm, 0.449 ± 0.024 and -33.0 ± 4.87 mV respectively, with 90.4 ± 0.77% complexation efficiency (CE %) and 62.3 ± 0.23% drug loading. The in vitro (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)tetrazolium (MTT) studies of the nanoplexes were found to be non-toxic against different mammalian cell lines tested and may confirm its biosafety. While the in vitro drug release studies demonstrated sustained slower release. The in silico study confirmed the spontaneous interaction of VCM with DXT in the presence of sodium chloride. A 6.24-fold enhancement was observed for VCM nanoplexes via in vitro antibacterial studies. Flow-cytometric analysis showed effective cell killing of 67% from VCM nanoplexes compared to 32.98% from the bare vancomycin at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.25 μg/mL. The in vivo studies using BALB/c mouse skin infection model revealed that nanoplexes reduced MRSA burden by 2.3-folds compared to bare VCM. The novel nanoplexes have potential to be a promising delivery system to combat MRSA infections for improved treatment of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hassan
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ramesh Gannimani
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ayman Y Waddad
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sanjeev Rambharose
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nikhil Agrawal
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
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Omolo CA, Kalhapure RS, Agrawal N, Jadhav M, Rambharose S, Mocktar C, Govender T. A hybrid of mPEG-b-PCL and G1-PEA dendrimer for enhancing delivery of antibiotics. J Control Release 2018; 290:112-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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