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Muhammad N, Su Z, Jiang Q, Wang Y, Huang L. Radiationless optical modes in metasurfaces: recent progress and applications. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:192. [PMID: 39152114 PMCID: PMC11329644 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Non-radiative optical modes attracted enormous attention in optics due to strong light confinement and giant Q-factor at its spectral position. The destructive interference of multipoles leads to zero net-radiation and strong field trapping. Such radiationless states disappear in the far-field, localize enhanced near-field and can be excited in nano-structures. On the other hand, the optical modes turn out to be completely confined due to no losses at discrete point in the radiation continuum, such states result in infinite Q-factor and lifetime. The radiationless states provide a suitable platform for enhanced light matter interaction, lasing, and boost nonlinear processes at the state regime. These modes are widely investigated in different material configurations for various applications in both linear and nonlinear metasurfaces which are briefly discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseer Muhammad
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhaoxian Su
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yongtian Wang
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lingling Huang
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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2
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Deng Y, Shi Z, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Li H, Li S, Zhou ZK. Highly Efficient Ultraviolet Third-Harmonic Generation in an Isolated Thin Si Meta-Structure. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404094. [PMID: 38973354 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Nonlinear nanophotonic devices have shown great potential for on-chip information processing, quantum source, 3D microfabrication, greatly promoting the developments of integrated optics, quantum science, nanoscience and technologies, etc. To promote the applications of nonlinear nanodevices, improving the nonlinear efficiency, expanding the spectra region of nonlinear response and reducing device thickness are three key issues. Herein, this study focuses on the nonlinear effect of third-harmonic generation (THG), and present a thin Si meta-sructure to improve the THG efficiency in the ultraviolet (UV) region. The measured THG efficiency is up to 10-5 at an emission wavelength of 309 nm. Also, the THG nanosystem is only 100 nm in thickness, which is two-five times thinner than previous all-dielectric nanosystems applied in THG studies. These findings not only present a powerful thin meta-structure with highly efficient THG emission in UV region, but also provide a constructive avenue for further understanding the light-matter interactions at subwavelength scales, guiding the design and fabricating of advanced photonic devices in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zhonghong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yaqin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Houjiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Siyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zhang-Kai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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3
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Hail CU, Michaeli L, Atwater HA. Third Harmonic Generation Enhancement and Wavefront Control Using a Local High- Q Metasurface. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2257-2263. [PMID: 38346272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
High quality factor optical nanostructures provide a great opportunity to enhance nonlinear optical processes such as third harmonic generation. However, the field enhancement in these high quality factor structures is typically accompanied by optical mode nonlocality. As a result, the enhancement of nonlinear processes comes at the cost of their local control as needed for nonlinear wavefront shaping, imaging, and holography. Here we show simultaneous strong enhancement and spatial control over third harmonic generation with a local high-Q metasurface relying on higher-order Mie resonant modes. Our results demonstrate third harmonic generation at an efficiency of up to 3.25 × 10-5, high quality wavefront shaping as illustrated by a third harmonic metalens, and a flatband, angle independent, third harmonic response up to ±11° incident angle. The demonstrated high level of local control and efficient frequency conversion offer promising prospects for realizing novel nonlinear optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio U Hail
- Thomas J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Lior Michaeli
- Thomas J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Harry A Atwater
- Thomas J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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4
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Du XJ, Tang XT, Xie B, Ma L, Hu ML, He J, Yang ZJ. Turning whispering-gallery-mode responses through Fano interferences in coupled all-dielectric block-disk cavities. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:29380-29391. [PMID: 37710739 DOI: 10.1364/oe.500562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, we theoretically demonstrate a strategy for efficiently turning whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) responses of a subwavelength dielectric disk through their near-field couplings with common low-order electromagnetic resonances of a dielectric block. Both simulations and an analytical coupled oscillator model show that the couplings are Fano interferences between dark high-quality WGMs and bright modes of the block. The responses of a WGM in the coupled system are highly dependent on the strengths and the relative phases of the block modes, the coupling strength, and the decay rate of the WGM. The WGM responses of coupled systems can exceed that of the individual disk. In addition, such a configuration will also facilitate the excitation of WGMs by a normal incident plane wave in experiments. These results could enable new applications for enhancing light-matter interactions.
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5
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Hähnel D, Golla C, Albert M, Zentgraf T, Myroshnychenko V, Förstner J, Meier C. A multi-mode super-fano mechanism for enhanced third harmonic generation in silicon metasurfaces. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:97. [PMID: 37081002 PMCID: PMC10119293 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01134-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We present strong enhancement of third harmonic generation in an amorphous silicon metasurface consisting of elliptical nano resonators. We show that this enhancement originates from a new type of multi-mode Fano mechanism. These 'Super-Fano' resonances are investigated numerically in great detail using full-wave simulations. The theoretically predicted behavior of the metasurface is experimentally verified by linear and nonlinear transmission spectroscopy. Moreover, quantitative nonlinear measurements are performed, in which an absolute conversion efficiency as high as ηmax ≈ 2.8 × 10-7 a peak power intensity of 1.2 GW cm-2 is found. Compared to an unpatterned silicon film of the same thickness amplification factors of up to ~900 are demonstrated. Our results pave the way to exploiting a strong Fano-type multi-mode coupling in metasurfaces for high THG in potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hähnel
- Theoretical Electrical Engineering & CeOPP, Paderborn University, 33098, Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Christian Golla
- Physics Department & CeOPP, Paderborn University, 33098, Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Albert
- Physics Department & CeOPP, Paderborn University, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Thomas Zentgraf
- Physics Department & CeOPP, Paderborn University, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Viktor Myroshnychenko
- Theoretical Electrical Engineering & CeOPP, Paderborn University, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Jens Förstner
- Theoretical Electrical Engineering & CeOPP, Paderborn University, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Cedrik Meier
- Physics Department & CeOPP, Paderborn University, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
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6
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Kroychuk MK, Shorokhov AS, Yagudin DF, Rakhlin MV, Klimko GV, Toropov AA, Shubina TV, Fedyanin AA. Quantum Dot Photoluminescence Enhancement in GaAs Nanopillar Oligomers Driven by Collective Magnetic Modes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:507. [PMID: 36770468 PMCID: PMC9919544 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Single photon sources based on semiconductor quantum dots are one of the most prospective elements for optical quantum computing and cryptography. Such systems are often based on Bragg resonators, which provide several ways to control the emission of quantum dots. However, the fabrication of periodic structures with many thin layers is difficult. On the other hand, the coupling of single-photon sources with resonant nanoclusters made of high-index dielectric materials is known as a promising way for emission control. Our experiments and calculations show that the excitation of magnetic Mie-type resonance by linearly polarized light in a GaAs nanopillar oligomer with embedded InAs quantum dots leads to quantum emitters absorption efficiency enhancement. Moreover, the nanoresonator at the wavelength of magnetic dipole resonance also acts as a nanoantenna for a generated signal, allowing control over its radiation spatial profile. We experimentally demonstrated an order of magnitude emission enhancement and numerically reached forty times gain in comparison with unstructured film. These findings highlight the potential of quantum dots coupling with Mie-resonant oligomers collective modes for nanoscale single-photon sources development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K. Kroychuk
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Damir F. Yagudin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrey A. Fedyanin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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7
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Arruda GS, Conteduca D, Barth I, Wang Y, Krauss TF, Martins ER. Perturbation approach to improve the angular tolerance of high-Q resonances in metasurfaces. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:6133-6136. [PMID: 37219190 DOI: 10.1364/ol.475601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The interest in high quality factor (high-Q) resonances in metasurfaces has been rekindled with the rise of the bound states in the continuum (BIC) paradigm, which describes resonances with apparently limitlessly high quality-factors (Q-factors). The application of BICs in realistic systems requires the consideration of the angular tolerance of resonances, however, which is an issue that has not yet been addressed. Here, we develop an ab-initio model, based on temporal coupled mode theory, to describe the angular tolerance of distributed resonances in metasurfaces that support both BICs and guided mode resonances (GMRs). We then discuss the idea of a metasurface with a perturbed unit cell, similar to a supercell, as an alternative approach for achieving high-Q resonances and we use the model to compare the two. We find that, while sharing the high-Q advantage of BIC resonances, perturbed structures feature higher angular tolerance due to band planarization. This observation suggests that such structures offer a route toward high-Q resonances that are more suitable for applications.
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8
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Liu Y, Gui L, Xu K. Enhancement of second-harmonic generation from Fano plasmonic metasurfaces by introducing structural asymmetries. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:42440-42453. [PMID: 36366698 DOI: 10.1364/oe.469129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Resonant plasmonic metasurfaces have attracted much attention for great potential in augmenting nonlinear optical conversion at the nanoscale and thus related sensing and integrated optics applications. In this work, we use the nonlinear scattering theory to numerically investigate enhanced second-harmonic generation (SHG) from Fano metasurfaces which consist of gold asymmetric double-bars. We find that the Fano resonance at the fundamental wavelength boosts the nonlinear response by more than a factor of 60. On this basis, by introducing translational and rotational structural asymmetries, the SHG signal is further amplified because of the broken mirror symmetry. More specifically, under the optimal condition, the previously suppressed SHG component can be greatly released and play a more important role compared to the original existing SHG component in an extra 6-fold enhancement in total SHG intensity. The 360-fold enhancement by tailoring both resonance quality and structural asymmetries indicates the clear and important roles of both linear resonance and local-field distribution in reaching the largest SHG emission. Our results are a step towards enlarging SHG responses of more complex plasmonic nanostructures.
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9
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Cortés E, Wendisch FJ, Sortino L, Mancini A, Ezendam S, Saris S, de S. Menezes L, Tittl A, Ren H, Maier SA. Optical Metasurfaces for Energy Conversion. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15082-15176. [PMID: 35728004 PMCID: PMC9562288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured surfaces with designed optical functionalities, such as metasurfaces, allow efficient harvesting of light at the nanoscale, enhancing light-matter interactions for a wide variety of material combinations. Exploiting light-driven matter excitations in these artificial materials opens up a new dimension in the conversion and management of energy at the nanoscale. In this review, we outline the impact, opportunities, applications, and challenges of optical metasurfaces in converting the energy of incoming photons into frequency-shifted photons, phonons, and energetic charge carriers. A myriad of opportunities await for the utilization of the converted energy. Here we cover the most pertinent aspects from a fundamental nanoscopic viewpoint all the way to applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Cortés
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Fedja J. Wendisch
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Luca Sortino
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Ezendam
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Seryio Saris
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Leonardo de S. Menezes
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Andreas Tittl
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Haoran Ren
- MQ Photonics
Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Macquarie
Park, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department
of Phyiscs, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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10
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Barbillon G. Latest Advances in Metasurfaces for SERS and SEIRA Sensors as Well as Photocatalysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810592. [PMID: 36142501 PMCID: PMC9506333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Metasurfaces can enable the confinement of electromagnetic fields on huge surfaces and zones, and they can thus be applied to biochemical sensing by using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA). Indeed, these metasurfaces have been examined for SERS and SEIRA sensing thanks to the presence of a wide density of hotspots and confined optical modes within their structures. Moreover, some metasurfaces allow an accurate enhancement of the excitation and emission processes for the SERS effect by supporting resonances at frequencies of these processes. Finally, the metasurfaces allow the enhancement of the absorption capacity of the solar light and the generation of a great number of catalytic active sites in order to more quickly produce the surface reactions. Here, we outline the latest advances in metasurfaces for SERS and SEIRA sensors as well as photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Barbillon
- EPF-Ecole d'Ingénieurs, 55 Avenue du Président Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France
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11
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Xiao S, Qin M, Duan J, Liu T. Robust enhancement of high-harmonic generation from all-dielectric metasurfaces enabled by polarization-insensitive bound states in the continuum. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:32590-32599. [PMID: 36242316 DOI: 10.1364/oe.468925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The emerging all-dielectric platform exhibits high-quality (Q) resonances governed by the physics of bound states in the continuum (BIC) that drives highly efficient nonlinear optical processes. Here we demonstrate the robust enhancement of third-(THG) and fifth-harmonic generation (FHG) from all-dielectric metasurfaces composed of four silicon nanodisks. Through the symmetry breaking, the genuine BIC transforms into the high-Q quasi-BIC resonance with tight field confinement for record high THG efficiency of 3.9 × 10-4 W-2 and FHG efficiency of 4.8 × 10-10 W-4 using a moderate pump intensity of 1 GW/cm2. Moreover, the quasi-BIC and the resonantly enhanced harmonics exhibit polarization-insensitive characteristics due to the special C4 arrangement of meta-atoms. Our results suggest the way for smart design of efficient and robust nonlinear nanophotonic devices.
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12
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Liu T, Xiao S, Li B, Gu M, Luan H, Fang X. Third- and Second-Harmonic Generation in All-Dielectric Nanostructures: A Mini Review. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.891892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequency conversion such as harmonic generation is a fundamental physical process in nonlinear optics. The conventional nonlinear optical systems suffer from bulky size and cumbersome phase-matching conditions due to the inherently weak nonlinear response of natural materials. Aiming at the manipulation of nonlinear frequency conversion at the nanoscale with favorable conversion efficiencies, recent research has shifted toward the integration of nonlinear functionality into nanophotonics. Compared with plasmonic nanostructures showing high dissipative losses and thermal heating, all-dielectric nanostructures have demonstrated many excellent properties, including low loss, high damage threshold, and controllable resonant electric and magnetic optical nonlinearity. In this review, we cover the recent advances in nonlinear nanophotonics, with special emphasis on third- and second-harmonic generation from all-dielectric nanoantennas and metasurfaces. We discuss the main theoretical concepts, the design principles, and the functionalities of third- and second-harmonic generation processes from dielectric nanostructures and provide an outlook on the future directions and developments of this research field.
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13
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Xu X, Luo XQ, Zhang J, Zhu W, Chen Z, Li TF, Liu WM, Wang XL. Near-infrared plasmonic sensing and digital metasurface via double Fano resonances. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:5879-5895. [PMID: 35209541 DOI: 10.1364/oe.452134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic sensing that enables the detection of minute events, when the incident light field interacts with the nanostructure interface, has been widely applied to optical and biological detection. Implementation of the controllable plasmonic double Fano resonances (DFRs) offers a flexible and efficient way for plasmonic sensing. However, plasmonic sensing and digital metasurface induced by tailorable plasmonic DFRs require further study. In this work, we numerically and theoretically investigate the near-infrared plasmonic DFRs for plasmonic sensing and digital metasurface in a hybrid metasurface with concentric ϕ-shaped-hole and circular-ring-aperture unit cells. We show that a plasmonic Fano resonance, resulting from the interaction between a narrow and a wide effective dipolar modes, can be realized in the ϕ-shaped hybrid metasurface. In particular, we demonstrate that the tailoring plasmonic DFRs with distinct mechanisms of actions can be accomplished in three different ϕ-shaped hybrid metasurfaces. Moreover, the resonance mode-broadening and mode-shifting plasmonic sensing can be fulfilled by modulating the polarization orientation and the related geometric parameters of the unit cells in the near-infrared waveband, respectively. In addition, the plasmonic switch with a high ON/OFF ratio can not only be achieved but also be exploited to establish a single-bit digital metasurface, even empower to implement two- and three-bit digital metasurface characterized by the plasmonic DFRs in the telecom L-band. Our results offer a new perspective toward realizing polarization-sensitive optical sensing, passive optical switches, and programmable metasurface devices, which also broaden the landscape of subwavelength nanostructures for biosensors and optical communications.
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14
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Xiang J, Panmai M, Bai S, Ren Y, Li GC, Li S, Liu J, Li J, Zeng M, She J, Xu Y, Lan S. Crystalline Silicon White Light Sources Driven by Optical Resonances. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:2397-2405. [PMID: 33721498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is generally considered as a poor photon emitter, and various scenarios have been proposed to improve the photon emission efficiency of Si. Here, we report the observation of a burst of the hot electron luminescence from Si nanoparticles with diameters of 150-250 nm, which is triggered by the exponential increase of the carrier density at high temperatures. We show that the stable white light emission above the threshold can be realized by resonantly exciting either the mirror-image-induced magnetic dipole resonance of a Si nanoparticle placed on a thin silver film or the surface lattice resonance of a regular array of Si nanopillars with femtosecond laser pulses of only a few picojoules, where significant enhancements in two- and three-photon-induced absorption can be achieved. Our findings indicate the possibility of realizing all-Si-based nanolasers with manipulated emission wavelength, which can be easily incorporated into future integrated optical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Mincheng Panmai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuwen Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Can Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Juntao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaoxuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Juncong She
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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15
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Melik-Gaykazyan E, Koshelev K, Choi JH, Kruk SS, Bogdanov A, Park HG, Kivshar Y. From Fano to Quasi-BIC Resonances in Individual Dielectric Nanoantennas. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:1765-1771. [PMID: 33539099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Sharp optical resonances in high-index dielectric nanostructures have recently attracted significant attention for their promising applications in nanophotonics. Fano resonances, as well as resonances associated with bound states in the continuum (BIC), have independently shown a great potential for applications in nanoscale lasers, sensors, and nonlinear optical devices. Here, we demonstrate experimentally a close connection between Fano and quasi-BIC resonances excited in individual dielectric nanoantennas. We analyze systematically the resonant response of AlGaAs nanoantennas pumped with a structured light in the near-infrared range. We trace a variation of the scattering spectrum that fully agrees with an analytical expression governed by a Fano parameter and observe directly a transition to a quasi-BIC resonance. Our results suggest a unified approach toward the analysis of sharp resonances in subwavelength nanostructures originating from strong coupling of optical modes that can provide high energy localization for enhanced light-matter interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Melik-Gaykazyan
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Kirill Koshelev
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Jae-Hyuck Choi
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sergey S Kruk
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Andrey Bogdanov
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Hong-Gyu Park
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Kivshar
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
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16
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Niu L, Xu Q, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Li S, Chen X, Xu Y, Ma J, Kang M, Han J, Zhang W. Coupling Plasmonic System for Efficient Wavefront Control. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:5844-5852. [PMID: 33476511 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and flexible manipulation of electromagnetic waves using metasurfaces has attracted continuous attention in recent years. However, previous studies mainly apply sole resonance effect to accomplish the task. Here, we show that introducing a meta-coupling effect would reveal further physical insights in the electromagnetic wave control. To demonstrate this, a reflection-type coupling system composed by two identical linear resonances in a metal-insulator-metal configuration is theoretically proposed using the coupled-mode theory, whose phase diagram can be well controlled upon the coupling changes. Such intriguing optical property is verified by a double C-shaped resonator in the terahertz regime, where the coupling effect can be tuned by changing their either relative distance or rotation. More importantly, the reflection phase shift around the working frequency can be efficiently engineered without having to change the dimensions of the resonators. Two efficient anomalous metasurface deflectors are designed and experimentally characterized, whose maximum measured efficiency is more than 70%. The proposed controlling strategy further enriches the designing freedoms of metasurfaces and may find broad applications in realizing efficient and tunable functional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Niu
- Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, and the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Quan Xu
- Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, and the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xueqian Zhang
- Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, and the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ziying Zhang
- Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, and the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shaoxian Li
- Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, and the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xieyu Chen
- Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, and the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuehong Xu
- Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, and the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiajun Ma
- Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, and the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ming Kang
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jiaguang Han
- Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, and the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Weili Zhang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
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17
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Yao J, Li B, Cai G, Liu QH. Doubly mirror-induced electric and magnetic anapole modes in metal-dielectric-metal nanoresonators. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:576-579. [PMID: 33528412 DOI: 10.1364/ol.415423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anapole mode is a nonradiative resonance originating from the destructive interference between co-excited Cartesian electric dipole and toroidal dipole moments. With at least two symmetric circulating currents, the anapole mode in all-dielectric nanoresonators provides the opportunity to operate the double perfect electric conductor (PEC) mirror effects. In this work, unlike the conventional metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) nanostructure generating a plasmonic magnetic resonance, two metal components are employed to produce the fictitious images of the middle dielectric, and the whole system can thus excite the doubly mirror-induced anapole mode. Electric anapole mode and its magnetic counterpart are, respectively, investigated in two types of MDM configurations according to their own symmetric characteristics. Benefiting from the double PEC mirror effects, the doubly mirror-induced electric and magnetic anapole modes possess the larger average electric-field enhancement factors (9 and 56.9 folds compared with those of the conventional ones, respectively), as well as the narrower line widths. This work will pave a new way for tailoring and boosting anapole modes in metal-dielectric hybrid nanoresonators and open up new opportunities for many significant applications in nonlinear and quantum nanophotonics.
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18
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Huh JH, Kim K, Im E, Lee J, Cho Y, Lee S. Exploiting Colloidal Metamaterials for Achieving Unnatural Optical Refractions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001806. [PMID: 33079414 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The scaling down of meta-atoms or metamolecules (collectively denoted as metaunits) is a long-lasting issue from the time when the concept of metamaterials was first suggested. According to the effective medium theory, which is the foundational concept of metamaterials, the structural sizes of meta-units should be much smaller than the working wavelengths (e.g., << 1/5 wavelength). At relatively low frequency regimes (e.g., microwave and terahertz), the conventional monolithic lithography can readily address the materialization of metamaterials. However, it is still challenging to fabricate optical metamaterials (metamaterials working at optical frequencies such as the visible and near-infrared regimes) through the lithographic approaches. This serves as the rationale for using colloidal self-assembly as a strategy for the realization of optical metamaterials. Colloidal self-assembly can address various critical issues associated with the materialization of optical metamaterials, such as achieving nanogaps over a large area, increasing true 3D structural complexities, and cost-effective processing, which all are difficult to attain through monolithic lithography. Nevertheless, colloidal self-assembly is still a toolset underutilized by optical engineers. Here, the design principle of the colloidally self-assembled optical metamaterials exhibiting unnatural refractions, the practical challenge of relevant experiments, and the future opportunities are critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyeok Huh
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangjin Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Im
- Department of Biomicrosystem Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - YongDeok Cho
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomicrosystem Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Energy Engineering (IEE) and KU Photonics Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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19
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Yao J, Yin Y, Ye L, Cai G, Liu QH. Enhancing third-harmonic generation by mirror-induced electric quadrupole resonance in a metal-dielectric nanostructure. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:5864-5867. [PMID: 33057304 DOI: 10.1364/ol.400593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electric quadrupole resonance (EQR), a commonly available high-order Mie-type resonance in all-dielectric nanoparticles, suffers from weak field enhancement and thus inferior third-harmonic generation (THG). In this work, according to the intrinsic centrosymmetry of current distribution, mirror-induced EQR in a silicon disk is effectively generated by introducing a bottom metal film with the perfect electric conductor (PEC) mirror effect, manifesting preeminent capabilities of tailoring far-field scattering and enhancing near-field intensity. The beneficial THG by mirror-induced EQR is enhanced by more than 50-fold as compared to that of the typical EQR without the PEC mirror effect. Furthermore, the influence of the silicon Kerr effect on THG is investigated under increasing pump intensity, achieving maximal efficiency of 2.2×10-4 under pump intensity I0=3GW/cm2. This work opens possibilities of exploring new mirror-induced Mie-type resonances in hybrid nanostructures, finding important applications in frequency conversion, spectroscopy, and sensing at the nanoscale.
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20
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Meng Y, Behera JK, Wang S, Jiang M, Lin J, Wei J, Wang Y, Cao T, Long Y. Tunable Grain Orientation of Chalcogenide Film and Its Application for Second Harmonic Generation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:29953-29958. [PMID: 32515938 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To date, the second harmonic generation (SHG) has a great effect on photonic devices. However, it is a formidable challenge to achieve reconfigurable SHG. Hereby, we experimentally demonstrate the SHG response from the oriented Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) grains induced by polarized laser pulses for the first time. The orientation of GST grains is found to be perpendicular to the polarization direction of the pump laser. Such unique ordered structures result in a periodic change of SHG intensity with the input polarization angle of the pump laser rotating every 180°. These findings may pave avenues for generating nonlinear optical sources with a simple process, scalability, and switchable functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Meng
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100080, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jitendra K Behera
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Shancheng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Minghui Jiang
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Jincheng Lin
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Jingsong Wei
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Tun Cao
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yi Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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21
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Kroychuk MK, Shorokhov AS, Yagudin DF, Shilkin DA, Smirnova DA, Volkovskaya I, Shcherbakov MR, Shvets G, Fedyanin AA. Enhanced Nonlinear Light Generation in Oligomers of Silicon Nanoparticles under Vector Beam Illumination. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:3471-3477. [PMID: 32324416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
All-dielectric nanoparticle oligomers have recently emerged as promising candidates for nonlinear optical applications. Their highly resonant collective modes, however, are difficult to access by linearly polarized beams due to symmetry restraints. In this paper, we propose a new way to increase the efficiency of nonlinear processes in all-dielectric oligomers by tightly focused azimuthally polarized cylindrical vector beam illumination. We demonstrate two orders enhancement of the third-harmonic generation signal, governed by a collective optical mode represented by out-of-plane magnetic dipoles. Crucially, the collective mode is characterized by strong electromagnetic field localization in the bulk of the nonlinear material. For comparison, we measure third-harmonic generation in the same oligomer pumped with linearly and radially polarized fundamental beams, which both show significantly lower harmonic output. We also provide numerical analysis to describe and characterize the observed effect. Our findings open a new route to enhance and modulate the third-harmonic generation efficiency of Mie-resonant isolated nanostructures by tailoring the polarization of the pump beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Kroychuk
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | - Damir F Yagudin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Daniil A Shilkin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Daria A Smirnova
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Institute of Applied Physics, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | | | - Maxim R Shcherbakov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Gennady Shvets
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Andrey A Fedyanin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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22
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Raghunathan V, Deka J, Menon S, Biswas R, A.S LK. Nonlinear Optics in Dielectric Guided-Mode Resonant Structures and Resonant Metasurfaces. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E449. [PMID: 32344556 PMCID: PMC7231316 DOI: 10.3390/mi11040449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nonlinear optics is an important area of photonics research for realizing active optical functionalities such as light emission, frequency conversion, and ultrafast optical switching for applications in optical communication, material processing, precision measurements, spectroscopic sensing and label-free biological imaging. An emerging topic in nonlinear optics research is to realize high efficiency optical functionalities in ultra-small, sub-wavelength length scale structures by leveraging interesting optical resonances in surface relief metasurfaces. Such artificial surfaces can be engineered to support high quality factor resonances for enhanced nonlinear optical interaction by leveraging interesting physical mechanisms. The aim of this review article is to give an overview of the emerging field of nonlinear optics in dielectric based sub-wavelength periodic structures to realize efficient harmonic generators, wavelength mixers, optical switches etc. Dielectric metasurfaces support the realization of high quality-factor resonances with electric field concentrated either inside or in the vicinity of the dielectric media, while at the same time operate at high optical intensities without damage. The periodic dielectric structures considered here are broadly classified into guided-mode resonant structures and resonant metasurfaces. The basic physical mechanisms behind guided-mode resonances, electromagnetically-induced transparency like resonances and bound-states in continuum resonances in periodic photonic structures are discussed. Various nonlinear optical processes studied in such structures with example implementations are also reviewed. Finally, some future directions of interest in terms of realizing large-area metasurfaces, techniques for enhancing the efficiency of the nonlinear processes, heterogenous integration, and extension to non-conventional wavelength ranges in the ultra-violet and infrared region are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Raghunathan
- ECE Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (J.D.); (S.M.); (R.B.); (L.K.A.S.)
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23
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Xu L, Saerens G, Timofeeva M, Smirnova DA, Volkovskaya I, Lysevych M, Camacho-Morales R, Cai M, Zangeneh Kamali K, Huang L, Karouta F, Tan HH, Jagadish C, Miroshnichenko AE, Grange R, Neshev DN, Rahmani M. Forward and Backward Switching of Nonlinear Unidirectional Emission from GaAs Nanoantennas. ACS NANO 2020; 14:1379-1389. [PMID: 31877017 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-index III-V semiconductor nanoantennas have gained great attention for enhanced nonlinear light-matter interactions, in the past few years. However, the complexity of nonlinear emission profiles imposes severe constraints on practical applications, such as in optical communications and integrated optoelectronic devices. These complexities include the lack of unidirectional nonlinear emission and the severe challenges in switching between forward and backward emissions, due to the structure of the susceptibility tensor of the III-V nanoantennas. Here, we propose a solution to both issues via engineering the nonlinear tensor of the nanoantennas. The special nonlinear tensorial properties of zinc-blende material can be used to engineer the nonlinear characteristics via growing the nanoantennas along different crystalline orientations. Based on the nonlinear multipolar effect, we have designed and fabricated (110)-grown GaAs nanoantennas, with engineered tensorial properties, embedded in a transparent low-index material. Our technique provides an approach not only for unidirectional second-harmonic generation (SHG) forward or backward emission but also for switching from one to another. Importantly, switching the SHG emission directionality is obtained only by rotating the polarization of the incident light, without the need for physical variation of the antennas or the environment. This characteristic is an advantage, as compared to other nonlinear nanoantennas, including (100)- and (111)-grown III-V counterparts or silicon and germanium nanoantennas. Indeed, (110)-GaAs nanoantennas allow for engineering the nonlinear nanophotonic systems including nonlinear "Huygens metasurfaces" and offer exciting opportunities for various nonlinear nanophotonics technologies, such as nanoscale light routing and light sources, as well as multifunctional flat optical elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- School of Engineering and Information Technology , University of New South Wales , Canberra , ACT 2600 , Australia
| | - Grégoire Saerens
- Optical Nanomaterial Group, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Department of Physics , ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Maria Timofeeva
- Optical Nanomaterial Group, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Department of Physics , ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Daria A Smirnova
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
- Institute of Applied Physics , Russian Academy of Sciences , Nizhny Novgorod 603950 , Russia
| | - Irina Volkovskaya
- Institute of Applied Physics , Russian Academy of Sciences , Nizhny Novgorod 603950 , Russia
| | - Mykhaylo Lysevych
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Rocio Camacho-Morales
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Marcus Cai
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Khosro Zangeneh Kamali
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Lujun Huang
- School of Engineering and Information Technology , University of New South Wales , Canberra , ACT 2600 , Australia
| | - Fouad Karouta
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Hark Hoe Tan
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Chennupati Jagadish
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Andrey E Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology , University of New South Wales , Canberra , ACT 2600 , Australia
| | - Rachel Grange
- Optical Nanomaterial Group, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Department of Physics , ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Dragomir N Neshev
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Mohsen Rahmani
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
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24
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Smirnova D, Kruk S, Leykam D, Melik-Gaykazyan E, Choi DY, Kivshar Y. Third-Harmonic Generation in Photonic Topological Metasurfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:103901. [PMID: 31573303 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.103901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We study nonlinear effects in two-dimensional photonic metasurfaces supporting topologically protected helical edge states at the nanoscale. We observe strong third-harmonic generation mediated by optical nonlinearities boosted by multipolar Mie resonances of silicon nanoparticles. Variation of the pump-beam wavelength enables independent high-contrast imaging of either bulk modes or spin-momentum-locked edge states. We demonstrate topology-driven tunable localization of the generated harmonic fields and map the pseudospin-dependent unidirectional waveguiding of the edge states bypassing sharp corners. Our observations establish dielectric metasurfaces as a promising platform for the robust generation and transport of photons in topological photonic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Smirnova
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Science, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Sergey Kruk
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Daniel Leykam
- Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Elizaveta Melik-Gaykazyan
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Duk-Yong Choi
- Laser Physics Centre, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yuri Kivshar
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
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25
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Xu L, Zangeneh Kamali K, Huang L, Rahmani M, Smirnov A, Camacho‐Morales R, Ma Y, Zhang G, Woolley M, Neshev D, Miroshnichenko AE. Dynamic Nonlinear Image Tuning through Magnetic Dipole Quasi-BIC Ultrathin Resonators. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1802119. [PMID: 31406659 PMCID: PMC6685498 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201802119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Dynamical tuning of the nonlinear optical wavefront allows for a specific spectral response of predefined profiles, enabling various applications of nonlinear nanophotonics. This study experimentally demonstrates the dynamical switching of images generated by an ultrathin silicon nonlinear metasurface supporting a high-quality leaky mode, which is formed by partially breaking a bound-state-in-the-continuum (BIC) generated by the collective magnetic dipole (MD) resonance excited in the subdiffractive periodic systems. Such a quasi-BIC MD state can be excited directly under normal plane wave incidence and leads to a strong near-field enhancement to further boost the nonlinear process, resulting in a 500-fold enhancement of the third-harmonic emission experimentally. Due to sharp spectral features and asymmetry of the unit cell, it allows for effective tailoring of the nonlinear emissions over spectral or polarization responses. Dynamical nonlinear image tuning is experimentally demonstarted via polarization and wavelength control. The results pave the way for nanophotonics applications such as tunable displays, nonlinear holograms, tunable nanolaser, and ultrathin nonlinear nanodevices with various functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- School of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of New South WalesCanberra ACT2600Australia
| | | | - Lujun Huang
- School of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of New South WalesCanberra ACT2600Australia
| | - Mohsen Rahmani
- Nonlinear Physics CentreThe Australian National UniversityCanberra ACT2601Australia
| | - Alexander Smirnov
- Institute of Applied PhysicsRussian Academy of SciencesNizhnyNovgorod603950Russia
| | | | - Yixuan Ma
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak‐Light Nonlinear PhotonicsSchool of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics InstituteNankai UniversityTianjin300457China
| | - Guoquan Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak‐Light Nonlinear PhotonicsSchool of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics InstituteNankai UniversityTianjin300457China
| | - Matt Woolley
- School of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of New South WalesCanberra ACT2600Australia
| | - Dragomir Neshev
- Nonlinear Physics CentreThe Australian National UniversityCanberra ACT2601Australia
| | - Andrey E. Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of New South WalesCanberra ACT2600Australia
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26
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All semiconductor enhanced high-harmonic generation from a single nanostructured cone. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5663. [PMID: 30952870 PMCID: PMC6450872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41642-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhancement and control of non-linear phenomena at a nanometer scale has a wide range of applications in science and in industry. Among these phenomena, high-harmonic generation in solids is a recent focus of research to realize next generation petahertz optoelectronic devices or compact all solid state EUV sources. Here, we report on the realization of the first nanoscale high harmonic source. The strong field regime is reached by confining the electric field from a few nanojoules femtosecond laser in a single 3D semiconductor waveguide. We reveal a strong competition between enhancement of coherent harmonics and incoherent fluorescence favored by excitonic processes. However, far from the band edge, clear enhancement of the harmonic emission is reported with a robust sustainability offering a compact nanosource for applications. We illustrate the potential of our harmonic nano-device by performing a coherent diffractive imaging experiment. Ultra-compact UV/X-ray nanoprobes are foreseen to have other applications such as petahertz electronics, nano-tomography or nano-medicine.
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27
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Chen S, Li Z, Liu W, Cheng H, Tian J. From Single-Dimensional to Multidimensional Manipulation of Optical Waves with Metasurfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1802458. [PMID: 30767285 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201802458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces, 2D artificial arrays of subwavelength elements, have attracted great interest from the optical scientific community in recent years because they provide versatile possibilities for the manipulation of optical waves and promise an effective way for miniaturization and integration of optical devices. In the past decade, the main efforts were focused on the realization of single-dimensional (amplitude, frequency, polarization, or phase) manipulation of optical waves. Compared to the metasurfaces with single-dimensional manipulation, metasurfaces with multidimensional manipulation of optical waves show significant advantages in many practical application areas, such as optical holograms, sub-diffraction imaging, and the design of integrated multifunctional optical devices. Nowadays, with the rapid development of nanofabrication techniques, the research of metasurfaces has been inevitably developed from single-dimensional manipulation toward multidimensional manipulation of optical waves, which greatly boosts the application of metasurfaces and further paves the way for arbitrary design of optical devices. Herein, the recent advances in metasurfaces are briefly reviewed and classified from the viewpoint of different dimensional manipulations of optical waves. Single-dimensional manipulation and 2D manipulation of optical waves with metasurfaces are discussed systematically. In conclusion, an outlook and perspectives on the challenges and future prospects in these rapidly growing research areas are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Teda Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Zhancheng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Teda Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wenwei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Teda Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hua Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Teda Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Jianguo Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Teda Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
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28
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Photon acceleration and tunable broadband harmonics generation in nonlinear time-dependent metasurfaces. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1345. [PMID: 30902994 PMCID: PMC6430811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Time-dependent nonlinear media, such as rapidly generated plasmas produced via laser ionization of gases, can increase the energy of individual laser photons and generate tunable high-order harmonic pulses. This phenomenon, known as photon acceleration, has traditionally required extreme-intensity laser pulses and macroscopic propagation lengths. Here, we report on a novel nonlinear material—an ultrathin semiconductor metasurface—that exhibits efficient photon acceleration at low intensities. We observe a signature nonlinear manifestation of photon acceleration: third-harmonic generation of near-infrared photons with tunable frequencies reaching up to ≈3.1ω. A simple time-dependent coupled-mode theory, found to be in good agreement with experimental results, is utilized to predict a new path towards nonlinear radiation sources that combine resonant upconversion with broadband operation. Photon acceleration, which can be used to generate tunable high harmonic radiation, typically requires high-intensity lasers and long propagation distances. Here, Shcherbakov et al. show efficient photon acceleration at low power input power from a semiconductor metasurface, less than a micron thin.
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29
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Enhanced absorption in all-dielectric metasurfaces due to magnetic dipole excitation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3438. [PMID: 30837620 PMCID: PMC6401002 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
All-dielectric nanophotonics lies at a forefront of nanoscience and technology as it allows to control light at the nanoscale using its electric and magnetic components. Bulk silicon does not experience any magnetic response, nevertheless, we demonstrate that the metasurface made of silicon parallelepipeds allows to excite the magnetic dipole moment leading to the broadening and enhancement of the absorption. Our investigations are underpinned by the numerical predictions and the experimental verifications. Also surprisingly we found that the resonant electric quadrupole moment leads to the enhancement of reflection. Our results can be applied for a development of absorption based devices from miniature dielectric absorbers, filters to solar cells and energy harvesting devices.
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30
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Ban G, Gong C, Zhou C, Li S, Barille R, Liu X, Wang Y. Fano-resonant silicon photonic crystal slab for efficient third-harmonic generation. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:126-129. [PMID: 30645559 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Strong light-matter interactions in resonant photonic nanostructures open up opportunities for enhancing nonlinear responses. In this work, by applying Fano resonances, we experimentally demonstrate efficient third-harmonic generation (THG) obtained with 2D silicon photonic crystal slabs (PCSs) thanks to the field enhancement in the dielectric layer. A 160-fold enhancement of THG is observed in the silicon PCS compared to the unpatterned silicon film. Through slightly changing the radius of the PCS, tunable THG on a single chip is obtained, paving a way for the optical manipulation of harmonic generation.
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31
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Kim KH, Rim WS. Strongly resonant metasurfaces supported by reflective substrates for highly efficient second- and high-harmonic generations with ultralow pump intensity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19076-19082. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02674f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic metasurfaces on reflective substrates can generate second- and high-harmonics with significantly high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Hyon Kim
- Institute of Physics, State Academy of Sciences
- Unjong District
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Wi-Song Rim
- Institute of Physics, State Academy of Sciences
- Unjong District
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea
- Institute of Lasers
- State Academy of Sciences
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32
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Rim WS, Kim KH. Broadband visible-near infrared and deep ultraviolet generation by four-wave mixing and high-order stimulated Raman scattering from the hybrid metasurfaces of plasmonic nanoantennae and Raman-active nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:26615-26620. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05186d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Broadband visible-near infrared and deep ultraviolet generation from Raman-active hybrid metasurfaces by two-color pumping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wi-Song Rim
- Institute of Physics
- State Academy of Sciences
- Unjong District
- Pyongyang
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyon Kim
- Institute of Physics
- State Academy of Sciences
- Unjong District
- Pyongyang
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea
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33
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Sarychev AK, Ivanov A, Lagarkov A, Barbillon G. Light Concentration by Metal-Dielectric Micro-Resonators for SERS Sensing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 12:E103. [PMID: 30598001 PMCID: PMC6337457 DOI: 10.3390/ma12010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Metal-dielectric micro/nano-composites have surface plasmon resonances in visible and near-infrared domains. Excitation of coupled metal-dielectric resonances is also important. These different resonances can allow enhancement of the electromagnetic field at a subwavelength scale. Hybrid plasmonic structures act as optical antennae by concentrating large electromagnetic energy in micro- and nano-scales. Plasmonic structures are proposed for various applications such as optical filters, investigation of quantum electrodynamics effects, solar energy concentration, magnetic recording, nanolasing, medical imaging and biodetection, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and optical super-resolution microscopy. We present the review of recent achievements in experimental and theoretical studies of metal-dielectric micro and nano antennae that are important for fundamental and applied research. The main impact is application of metal-dielectric optical antennae for the efficient SERS sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey K Sarychev
- Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey Ivanov
- Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey Lagarkov
- Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia.
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34
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Ullah K, Huang L, Habib M, Liu X. Engineering the optical properties of dielectric nanospheres by resonant modes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:505204. [PMID: 30260798 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aae4d2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in nanoscale optical physics is associated with the development of a new branch of nanophotonics exploring strong Mie resonances in dielectric nanoparticles with high refractive index (HRI). The high-index resonant dielectric nanostructures form building blocks for novel photonic meta-devices with low losses and advanced functionalities. In this work, we investigate the size effect of an HRI cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanosphere on the optical properties of the structure, such as, scattering and absorption spectrum. We also experimentally demonstrate that the scattering field can be significantly engineered by tuning the radius of Cu2O. It is found that the resonant eigenmodes supported by the nanospheres play the dominant role in the absorption and scattering characteristic of the structure. From the perspective of eigenmodes, we can immediately find the right structure parameters to realize strong absorption (scattering) at either single wavelength or broadband wavelength. Furthermore, the multipole expansion method has been applied to explore the physical nature (i.e. electric mode or magnetic mode) of the eigenmode as well as contributions from different modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleem Ullah
- School of Electronic Engineering and Optoelectronic Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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35
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Gao Y, Fan Y, Wang Y, Yang W, Song Q, Xiao S. Nonlinear Holographic All-Dielectric Metasurfaces. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:8054-8061. [PMID: 30481040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear holographic metasurfaces have been intensively studied due to their potentials in practical applications. So far, nonlinear holographic metasurfaces have only been realized with plasmonic nanoantennas, suffering from high absorption loss and low damage threshold. Herein we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel mechanism for nonlinear holographic metasurfaces. In contrast with conventional studies, the all-dielectric metasurface is composed of C-shaped Si nanoantennas. The incident laser is enhanced by their fundamental resonance, whereas the generated third-harmonic generation (THG) signals are redistributed to the air gap region via the higher order resonance, significantly reducing the absorption loss at short wavelength and resulting in an enhancement factor as high as 230. After introducing abrupt phase changes from 0 to 2π to the C elements, high-efficiency cyan and blue THG holograms have been experimentally generated with the Si metasurface for the very first time. This research shall shed light on the advances of nonlinear all-dielectric metasurfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Yubin Fan
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Yujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Wenhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Qinghai Song
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China
| | - Shumin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China
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36
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Ghirardini L, Marino G, Gili VF, Favero I, Rocco D, Carletti L, Locatelli A, De Angelis C, Finazzi M, Celebrano M, Neshev DN, Leo G. Shaping the Nonlinear Emission Pattern of a Dielectric Nanoantenna by Integrated Holographic Gratings. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6750-6755. [PMID: 30277790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the shaping of the second-harmonic (SH) radiation pattern from a single AlGaAs nanodisk antenna using coplanar holographic gratings. The SH radiation emitted from the antenna toward the-otherwise forbidden-normal direction can be effectively redirected by suitably shifting the phase of the grating pattern in the azimuthal direction. The use of such gratings allows increasing the SH power collection efficiency by 2 orders of magnitude with respect to an isolated antenna and demonstrates the possibility of intensity-tailoring for an arbitrary collection angle. Such reconstruction of the nonlinear emission from nanoscale antennas represents the first step toward the application of all-dielectric nanostructures for nonlinear holography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Ghirardini
- Department of Physics , Politecnico di Milano , Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marino
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162 , Université Paris Diderot , 10 rue A. Domon et L. Duquet , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Valerio F Gili
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162 , Université Paris Diderot , 10 rue A. Domon et L. Duquet , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Ivan Favero
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162 , Université Paris Diderot , 10 rue A. Domon et L. Duquet , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Davide Rocco
- Department of Information Engineering , University of Brescia , Via Branze 38 , Brescia 25123 , Italy
| | - Luca Carletti
- Department of Information Engineering , University of Brescia , Via Branze 38 , Brescia 25123 , Italy
| | - Andrea Locatelli
- Department of Information Engineering , University of Brescia , Via Branze 38 , Brescia 25123 , Italy
| | - Costantino De Angelis
- Department of Information Engineering , University of Brescia , Via Branze 38 , Brescia 25123 , Italy
- National Institute of Optics (INO) , Via Branze 45 , Brescia 25123 , Italy
| | - Marco Finazzi
- Department of Physics , Politecnico di Milano , Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Michele Celebrano
- Department of Physics , Politecnico di Milano , Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Dragomir N Neshev
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Giuseppe Leo
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS UMR 7162 , Université Paris Diderot , 10 rue A. Domon et L. Duquet , 75013 Paris , France
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37
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Deka J, Jha KK, Menon S, Lal Krishna AS, Biswas R, Raghunathan V. Microscopic study of resonant third-harmonic generation from amorphous silicon nanodisk arrays. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:5242-5245. [PMID: 30382977 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.005242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A detailed microscopic study of third-harmonic generation (THG) from two-dimensional arrays of sub-wavelength spaced amorphous silicon nanodisks is reported. The arrays are designed to support broadband, minimally angle-sensitive resonances for the fundamental excitation wavelength in the 1500 nm region. This results in resonantly enhanced visible THG in the green spectral range with ∼500-fold enhancement on-resonance, compared to the unpatterned a-Si thin-film. THG multispectral microscopic imaging reveals individual nanodisks with enhanced nonlinear signal on-resonance. For increasing pump intensities, spatially dependent saturation effects are observed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, in such dielectric nanostructure arrays with THG images showing a reversal of contrast.
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38
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Highly-Efficient Longitudinal Second-Harmonic Generation from Doubly-Resonant AlGaAs Nanoantennas. PHOTONICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics5030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We design an asymmetric nonlinear optical nanoantenna composed of a dielectric nanodisc and an adjacent nanobar. The proposed composite structure made of AlGaAs exhibits resonant response at both the fundamental and doubled frequencies. Being driven by the strong magnetic dipole resonance at the pump wavelength and a high-quality mode at the harmonic wavelength, the efficient second-harmonic radiation is generated predominantly along the vertical directions under the normally incident plane-wave excitation.
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39
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Zhang C, Xu Y, Liu J, Li J, Xiang J, Li H, Li J, Dai Q, Lan S, Miroshnichenko AE. Lighting up silicon nanoparticles with Mie resonances. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2964. [PMID: 30054488 PMCID: PMC6063972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05394-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most important semiconductors, silicon has been used to fabricate electronic devices, waveguides, detectors, solar cells, etc. However, the indirect bandgap and low quantum efficiency (10-7) hinder the use of silicon for making good emitters. For integrated photonic circuits, silicon-based emitters with sizes in the range of 100-300 nm are highly desirable. Here, we show the use of the electric and magnetic resonances in silicon nanoparticles to enhance the quantum efficiency and demonstrate the white-light emission from silicon nanoparticles with feature sizes of ~200 nm. The magnetic and electric dipole resonances are employed to dramatically increase the relaxation time of hot carriers, while the magnetic and electric quadrupole resonances are utilized to reduce the radiative recombination lifetime of hot carriers. This strategy leads to an enhancement in the quantum efficiency of silicon nanoparticles by nearly five orders of magnitude as compared with bulk silicon, taking the three-photon-induced absorption into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juntao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaofeng Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Andrey E Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.
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40
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Xiao TH, Cheng Z, Goda K. Giant Optical Activity in an All-Dielectric Spiral Nanoflower. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800485. [PMID: 29968281 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Optical activity is an effect of prominent importance in stereochemistry, analytical chemistry, metamaterials, spin photonics, and astrobiology, but is naturally minuscule. Metallic nanostructures are commonly exploited as basic elements for artificially producing large optical activity by virtue of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on the nanostructures. However, their intrinsic high ohmic loss amplified by the SPR results in low energy efficiency and large photothermal heat generation, severely limiting their performance and practical utility. Giant optical activity by inducing magnetic resonance in an all-dielectric spiral nanoflower (spiral-flower-shaped nanostructure) is demonstrated here. Specifically, a large circular-intensity difference of ≈35% is theoretically predicted and experimentally demonstrated by optimizing the magnetic quadrupole contribution of the nanoflower to scattered light. The nanoflower overcomes the bottleneck of the traditional metallic platforms and enables the development of diverse chiroptical devices and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hui Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Zhenzhou Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Keisuke Goda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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41
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Ao X. Surface mode with large field enhancement in dielectric-dimer-on-mirror structures. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:1091-1094. [PMID: 29489788 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.001091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures with accessible and strongly enhanced fields are useful for a variety of applications related to surface-enhanced light-matter interaction. We describe a method to migrate localized fields from a metal to dielectric surface. By arranging low-index contrast dielectric dimers on an optically thick metal film, a narrow-linewidth resonant mode is formed through diffraction coupling, with accessible enhancement away from a metal surface. The enhancement in the electric field intensity is over 2000 by dielectric dimers with a 100 nm gap and 720 nm period, and the resonant linewidth is about 0.35 nm around the wavelength of 725 nm. The dispersion of this periodic structure allows resonant enhancement of not only emission but also excitation. The design principle provides a means to tune the narrow-linewidth resonance over a wide wavelength range from ultraviolet to near-infrared.
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42
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Xu L, Rahmani M, Zangeneh Kamali K, Lamprianidis A, Ghirardini L, Sautter J, Camacho-Morales R, Chen H, Parry M, Staude I, Zhang G, Neshev D, Miroshnichenko AE. Boosting third-harmonic generation by a mirror-enhanced anapole resonator. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2018; 7:44. [PMID: 30839609 PMCID: PMC6107010 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-018-0051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that a dielectric anapole resonator on a metallic mirror can enhance the third harmonic emission by two orders of magnitude compared to a typical anapole resonator on an insulator substrate. By employing a gold mirror under a silicon nanodisk, we introduce a novel characteristic of the anapole mode through the spatial overlap of resonantly excited Cartesian electric and toroidal dipole modes. This is a remarkable improvement on the early demonstrations of the anapole mode in which the electric and toroidal modes interfere off-resonantly. Therefore, our system produces a significant near-field enhancement, facilitating the nonlinear process. Moreover, the mirror surface boosts the nonlinear emission via the free-charge oscillations within the interface, equivalent to producing a mirror image of the nonlinear source and the pump beneath the interface. We found that these improvements result in an extremely high experimentally obtained efficiency of 0.01%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2600 Australia
| | - Mohsen Rahmani
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Khosro Zangeneh Kamali
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | | | - Lavinia Ghirardini
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Jürgen Sautter
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Rocio Camacho-Morales
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Haitao Chen
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Matthew Parry
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Isabelle Staude
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Guoquan Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Dragomir Neshev
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Andrey E. Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2600 Australia
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Rybin MV, Koshelev KL, Sadrieva ZF, Samusev KB, Bogdanov AA, Limonov MF, Kivshar YS. High-Q Supercavity Modes in Subwavelength Dielectric Resonators. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:243901. [PMID: 29286713 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.243901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in nanoscale optical physics is associated with the development of a new branch of nanophotonics exploring strong Mie resonances in dielectric nanoparticles with a high refractive index. The high-index resonant dielectric nanostructures form building blocks for novel photonic metadevices with low losses and advanced functionalities. However, unlike extensively studied cavities in photonic crystals, such dielectric resonators demonstrate low quality factors (Q factors). Here, we uncover a novel mechanism for achieving giant Q factors of subwavelength nanoscale resonators by realizing the regime of bound states in the continuum. In contrast to the previously suggested multilayer structures with zero permittivity, we reveal strong mode coupling and Fano resonances in homogeneous high-index dielectric finite-length nanorods resulting in high-Q factors at the nanoscale. Thus, high-index dielectric resonators represent the simplest example of nanophotonic supercavities, expanding substantially the range of applications of all-dielectric resonant nanophotonics and meta-optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Rybin
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
- ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Kirill L Koshelev
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
- ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | | | - Kirill B Samusev
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
- ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Andrey A Bogdanov
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
- ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Mikhail F Limonov
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
- ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Yuri S Kivshar
- ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Nonlinear Physics Center, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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44
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Slovick B, Zipp L, Krishnamurthy S. Indium phosphide metasurface with enhanced nonlinear absorption. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17245. [PMID: 29222514 PMCID: PMC5722885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17426-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We solve the nonlinear Maxwell equations in an InP-based dielectric metamaterial, considering both two-photon absorption and photo-induced free-carrier absorption. We obtain the intensity-dependent reflection, absorption, and effective permittivity and permeability of the metamaterial. Our results show that nonlinear absorption dampens both the electric and magnetic Mie resonance, although the magnetic resonance is more affected because it occurs at longer wavelengths where the free-carrier absorption cross section is larger. Owing to field concentration in the metamaterial at resonance, the threshold intensity for nonlinear absorption is reduced by a factor of about 30 compared to a homogeneous layer of the same thickness. Our results have implications on the use of dielectric metamaterials for nonlinear applications such as higher harmonic generation, optical limiting, and ultrafast modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Slovick
- SRI International, Applied Optics Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, United States.
| | - Lucas Zipp
- SRI International, Applied Optics Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, United States
| | - Srini Krishnamurthy
- SRI International, Applied Optics Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, United States
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45
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Rutckaia V, Heyroth F, Novikov A, Shaleev M, Petrov M, Schilling J. Quantum Dot Emission Driven by Mie Resonances in Silicon Nanostructures. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:6886-6892. [PMID: 28968505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Resonant dielectric nanostructures represent a promising platform for light manipulation at the nanoscale. In this paper, we describe an active photonic system based on Ge(Si) quantum dots coupled to silicon nanodisks. We show that Mie resonances govern the enhancement of the photoluminescent signal from embedded quantum dots due to a good spatial overlap of the emitter position with the electric field of Mie modes. We identify the coupling mechanism, which allows for engineering the resonant Mie modes through the interaction of several nanodisks. In particular, the mode hybridization in a nanodisk trimer results in an up to 10-fold enhancement of the luminescent signal due to the excitation of resonant antisymmetric magnetic and electric dipole modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriia Rutckaia
- Centre for Innovation Competence SiLi-nano, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Science and Technology of Nanostructures , Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Frank Heyroth
- Interdisciplinary Center of Material Science, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich-Damerow-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alexey Novikov
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPM RAS) , Academicheskaya Street 7, 603950 Nizhniy Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Shaleev
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPM RAS) , Academicheskaya Street 7, 603950 Nizhniy Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Mihail Petrov
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , Birzhevaya liniya 14, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland , Yliopistokatu 7, 80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Joerg Schilling
- Centre for Innovation Competence SiLi-nano, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Straße 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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46
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Yi G, Lee H, Jiannan J, Chun BJ, Han S, Kim H, Kim YW, Kim D, Kim SW, Kim YJ. Nonlinear third harmonic generation at crystalline sapphires. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:26002-26010. [PMID: 29041262 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.026002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Third harmonic generation (THG) is a nonlinear optical phenomenon which can be applied in diverse research areas including interfacial studies, sub-wavelength light manipulation, and high sensitivity bio-molecular detection. Most precedent studies on THG have focused on dielectric and metallic materials, including silicon, gold, and germanium, due to their high nonlinear susceptibility. Sapphire, a widely-used optical substrate, has not been studied in depth for its third harmonic characteristics, despite its excellent optical transmission in the UV-visible range, high thermal conductance, and superior physical and chemical stability. In this research, we comprehensively studied THG at thin air-dielectric interfaces of sapphire wafers by controlling the wafer cutting planes, focusing depth, incidence angle, laser intensity, and input polarization of the input laser beam. These findings can lead to broader use of third harmonics for high-precision sapphire characterization, such as surface quality inspection, crystallinity determination, interfacial studies, delamination check, and real-time monitoring of crack propagation.
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47
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Nano-plasmonic near field phase matching of attosecond pulses. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6356. [PMID: 28743976 PMCID: PMC5527109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-structures excited by light can enhance locally the electric field when tuned to plasmonic resonances. This phenomenon can be used to boost non-linear processes such as harmonic generation in crystals or in gases, Raman excitation, and four wave mixing. Here we present a theoretical investigation of the near-field phase matching of attosecond pulses emitted by high-order harmonic generation (HHG) of an atom immersed in a multi-cycle femtosecond infrared laser field and a spatially inhomogeneous plasmonic field. We demonstrate that the spatial inhomogeneity factor of the plasmonic field strongly affects the electron trajectory and recombination time which can be used to control the attosecond emission. For further insight into the plasmonic field effect, we monitor the phase of each quantum path as a function of the inhomogeneity strength. Moreover, we investigate the attosecond emission as a function of near-field phase matching effects. This is achieved by calculating the coherent field superposition of attosecond pulses emitted from various intensities or field inhomogeneities. Finally, far-field and near-field phase matching effects are combined to modulate the harmonic spectral phase towards the emission of a single attosecond pulse.
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48
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Lagarkov A, Boginskaya I, Bykov I, Budashov I, Ivanov A, Kurochkin I, Ryzhikov I, Rodionov I, Sedova M, Zverev A, Sarychev AK. Light localization and SERS in tip-shaped silicon metasurface. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:17021-17038. [PMID: 28789200 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.017021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical properties of two dimensional periodic system of the silicon micro-cones are investigated. The metasurface, composed of the silicon tips, shows enhancement of the local optical field. Finite element computer simulations as well as real experiment reveal anomalous optical response of the dielectric metasurface due to excitation of the dielectric resonances. Various electromagnetic resonances are considered in the dielectric cone. The metal-dielectric resonances, which are excited between metal nanoparticles and dielectric cones, are also considered. The resonance local electric field can be much larger than the field in the usual surface plasmon resonances. To investigate local electric field the signal molecules are deposited on the metal nanoparticles. We demonstrate enhancement of the electromagnetic field and Raman signal from the complex of DTNB acid molecules and gold nanoparticles, which are distributed over the metasurface. The metasurfaces composed from the dielectric resonators can have quasi-continuous spectrum and serve as an efficient SERS substrates.
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Shcherbakov MR, Liu S, Zubyuk VV, Vaskin A, Vabishchevich PP, Keeler G, Pertsch T, Dolgova TV, Staude I, Brener I, Fedyanin AA. Ultrafast all-optical tuning of direct-gap semiconductor metasurfaces. Nat Commun 2017; 8:17. [PMID: 28500308 PMCID: PMC5432034 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical metasurfaces are regular quasi-planar nanopatterns that can apply diverse spatial and spectral transformations to light waves. However, metasurfaces are no longer adjustable after fabrication, and a critical challenge is to realise a technique of tuning their optical properties that is both fast and efficient. We experimentally realise an ultrafast tunable metasurface consisting of subwavelength gallium arsenide nanoparticles supporting Mie-type resonances in the near infrared. Using transient reflectance spectroscopy, we demonstrate a picosecond-scale absolute reflectance modulation of up to 0.35 at the magnetic dipole resonance of the metasurfaces and a spectral shift of the resonance by 30 nm, both achieved at unprecedentedly low pump fluences of less than 400 μJ cm–2. Our findings thereby enable a versatile tool for ultrafast and efficient control of light using light. Metasurfaces are not adjustable after fabrication, and a critical challenge is to realise a technique of tuning their optical properties that is both fast and efficient. Here, Shcherbakov et al. realise an ultrafast tunable metasurface with picosecond-scale large absolute reflectance modulation at low pump fluences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim R Shcherbakov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Sheng Liu
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185, USA
| | - Varvara V Zubyuk
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Vaskin
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | | | - Gordon Keeler
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185, USA
| | - Thomas Pertsch
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Tatyana V Dolgova
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Isabelle Staude
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Igal Brener
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185, USA
| | - Andrey A Fedyanin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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50
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Yang DJ, Im SJ, Pan GM, Ding SJ, Yang ZJ, Hao ZH, Zhou L, Wang QQ. Magnetic Fano resonance-induced second-harmonic generation enhancement in plasmonic metamolecule rings. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:6068-6075. [PMID: 28443939 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00587c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The "artificial magnetic" resonance in plasmonic metamolecules extends the potential application of magnetic resonance from terahertz to optical frequency bypassing the problem of magnetic response saturation by replacing the conduction current with the ring displacement current. So far, the magnetic Fano resonance-induced nonlinearity enhancement in plasmonic metamolecule rings has not been reported. Here, we use the magnetic Fano resonance to enhance second-harmonic generation (SHG) in plasmonic metamolecule rings. In the spectra of the plasmonic metamolecule, an obvious Fano dip appears in the scattering cross section, while the dip does not appear in the absorption cross section. It indicates that at the Fano dip the radiative losses are suppressed, while the optical absorption efficiency is at a high level. The largely enhanced SHG signal is observed as the excitation wavelength is adjusted at the magnetic Fano dip of the plasmonic metamolecule rings with stable and tunable magnetic responses. We also compare the magnetic Fano dip with the electric case to show its advantages in enhancing the fundamental and second harmonic responses. Our research provides a new thought for enhancing optical nonlinear processes by magnetic modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Jie Yang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
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