1
|
Beato A, Haudecoeur R, Boucherle B, Peuchmaur M. Expanding Chemical Frontiers: Approaches for Generating Diverse and Bioactive Natural Product-Like Compounds Libraries from Extracts. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304166. [PMID: 38372433 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The realms of natural products and synthetic compounds exhibit distinct chemical spaces that not only differ but also complement each other. While the convergence of these two domains has been explored through semisynthesis and conventional pharmacomodulation endeavours applied to natural frameworks, a recent and innovative approach has emerged that involves the combinatorial generation of libraries of 'natural product-like compounds' (NPLCs) through the direct synthetic derivatization of natural extracts. This has led to the production of numerous NPLCs that incorporate structural elements from both their natural (multiple saturated rings, oxygen content, chiral centres) and synthetic (aromatic rings, nitrogen and halogen content, drug-like properties) precursors. Through careful selection of extracts and reagents, specific bioactivities have been achieved, and this strategy has been deployed in various ways, showing great promise without reaching its full potential to date. This review seeks to provide an overview of reported examples involving the chemical engineering of extracts, showcasing a spectrum of natural product alterations spanning from simple substitutions to complete scaffold remodelling. It also includes an analysis of the accomplishments, perspectives and technical challenges within this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Beato
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Bâtiment E Pôle Chimie BP 53, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Romain Haudecoeur
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Bâtiment E Pôle Chimie BP 53, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Benjamin Boucherle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Bâtiment E Pôle Chimie BP 53, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Marine Peuchmaur
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Bâtiment E Pôle Chimie BP 53, 38000, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cerella C, Dicato M, Diederich M. Enhancing personalized immune checkpoint therapy by immune archetyping and pharmacological targeting. Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106914. [PMID: 37714393 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an expanding class of immunotherapeutic agents with the potential to cure cancer. Despite the outstanding clinical response in patient subsets, most individuals become refractory or develop resistance. Patient stratification and personalized immunotherapies are limited by the absence of predictive response markers. Recent findings show that dominant patterns of immune cell composition, T-cell status and heterogeneity, and spatiotemporal distribution of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) are becoming essential determinants of prognosis and therapeutic response. In this context, ICIs also function as investigational tools and proof of concept, allowing the validation of the identified mechanisms. After reviewing the current state of ICIs, this article will explore new comprehensive predictive markers for ICIs based on recent discoveries. We will discuss the recent establishment of a classification of TMEs into immune archetypes as a tool for personalized immune profiling, allowing patient stratification before ICI treatment. We will discuss the developing comprehension of T-cell diversity and its role in shaping the immune profile of patients. We describe the potential of strategies that score the mutual spatiotemporal modulation between T-cells and other cellular components of the TME. Additionally, we will provide an overview of a range of synthetic and naturally occurring or derived small molecules. We will compare compounds that were recently identified by in silico prediction to wet lab-validated drug candidates with the potential to function as ICIs and/or modulators of the cellular components of the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cerella
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Fondation Recherche sur le Cancer et les Maladies du Sang, Pavillon 2, 6A rue Barblé, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Mario Dicato
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Fondation Recherche sur le Cancer et les Maladies du Sang, Pavillon 2, 6A rue Barblé, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tan YS, Wong SK, Yong KT, Lim KH, Lim SH, Low YY. Eugeniifoline, a Pentacyclic Indole Alkaloid from Leuconotis eugeniifolia, and Configurational Revision of Synthetic Eugeniifoline Isolated from a Diversity-Enhanced Extract. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:232-236. [PMID: 36651825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Eugeniifoline (1), a pentacyclic indole alkaloid with a five-membered ring E, was isolated for the first time as a natural product from the stem-bark extract of Leuconotis eugeniifolia. Eugeniifoline (1) was previously reported as a synthetic product from a diversity-enhanced extract, but with the configuration at C-21 reported as S (1a). The configuration at C-21 was revised to R as shown in 1, based on the NOE data, GIAO NMR calculations, and DP4+ probability analysis, as well as the TDDFT-ECD method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sheng Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soon-Kit Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien-Thai Yong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Huah Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sirimangkalakitti N, Harada K, Yamada M, Arai M, Arisawa M. A New Tetracyclic Bromopyrrole-Imidazole Derivative through Direct Chemical Diversification of Substances Present in Natural Product Extract from Marine Sponge Petrosia ( Strongylophora) sp. Molecules 2022; 28:143. [PMID: 36615336 PMCID: PMC9821877 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical diversification of substances present in natural product extracts can lead to a number of natural product-like compounds with a better chance of desirable bioactivities. The aim of this work was to discover unprecedented chemical conversion and produce new compounds through a one-step reaction of substances present in the extracts of marine sponges. In this report, a new unnatural tetracyclic bromopyrrole-imidazole derivative, rac-6-OEt-cylindradine A (1), was created from a chemically diversified extract of the sponge Petrosia (Strongylophora) sp. We also confirmed that 1 originated from naturally occurring (-)-cylindradine A (2) via a new reaction pattern. Moreover, (-)-dibromophakellin (3) and 4,5-dibromopyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (4), as well as 2, were reported herein for the first time in this genus. Studies on the possible reaction mechanism and bioactivities were also conducted. The results indicate that the direct chemical diversification of substances present in natural product extracts can be a speedy and useful strategy for the discovery of new compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Masayoshi Arai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1–6 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Arisawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1–6 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Suzuki Y, Ichinohe K, Sugawara A, Kida S, Murase S, Zhang J, Yamada O, Hattori T, Oshima Y, Kikuchi H. Development of Indole Alkaloid-Type Dual Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Against CTLA-4 and PD-L1 Based on Diversity-Enhanced Extracts. Front Chem 2021; 9:766107. [PMID: 34858943 PMCID: PMC8630621 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.766107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy involves the use of the immune system for cancer treatment. Recently, immune checkpoint-blocking antibodies have become integral for the treatment of some cancers. However, small molecules exhibit advantages over monoclonal antibody drugs, such as cell penetration, long half-life, and low manufacturing costs, and the possibility of oral administration. Thus, it is imperative to develop small-molecule immune checkpoint inhibitors. Previously, we have screened a library of synthetic indole-alkaloid-type compounds, which are produced by diversity-enhanced extracts of Japanese cornelian cherry, and reported that an unnatural pentacyclic compound inhibits CTLA-4 gene expression. In this study, immune checkpoint inhibitors with increased potency were developed by introducing substituents and conversion of functional groups based on the unnatural pentacyclic compound. The developed compounds suppressed not only CTLA-4 and PD-L1 gene expression but also protein expression on the cell surface. Their efficacy was not as potent as that of the existing small-molecule immune checkpoint inhibitors, but, to the best of our knowledge, the developed compounds are the first reported dual small-molecule inhibitors of CTLA-4 and PD-L1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihide Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ichinohe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sugawara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinya Kida
- Research and Development Center, FUSO Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Murase
- Research and Development Center, FUSO Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Jing Zhang
- Research and Development Center, FUSO Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamada
- Research and Development Center, FUSO Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshio Hattori
- Research Institute of Health and Welfare, Kibi International University, Takahashi, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Oshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Karageorgis G, Foley DJ, Laraia L, Brakmann S, Waldmann H. Pseudo Natural Products-Chemical Evolution of Natural Product Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15705-15723. [PMID: 33644925 PMCID: PMC8360037 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pseudo-natural products (PNPs) combine natural product (NP) fragments in novel arrangements not accessible by current biosynthesis pathways. As such they can be regarded as non-biogenic fusions of NP-derived fragments. They inherit key biological characteristics of the guiding natural product, such as chemical and physiological properties, yet define small molecule chemotypes with unprecedented or unexpected bioactivity. We iterate the design principles underpinning PNP scaffolds and highlight their syntheses and biological investigations. We provide a cheminformatic analysis of PNP collections assessing their molecular properties and shape diversity. We propose and discuss how the iterative analysis of NP structure, design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of PNPs can be regarded as a human-driven branch of the evolution of natural products, that is, a chemical evolution of natural product structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Karageorgis
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Daniel J. Foley
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Current address: School of Physical and Chemical SciencesUniversity of CanterburyPrivate Bag 4800Christchurch8140New Zealand
| | - Luca Laraia
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Current address: Department of ChemistryTechnical University of Denmark, kemitorvet 2072800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark
| | - Susanne Brakmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn Strasse 4a44227DortmundGermany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn Strasse 4a44227DortmundGermany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han J, Jiang L, Zhang L, Quinn RJ, Liu X, Feng Y. Peculiarities of meroterpenoids and their bioproduction. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:3987-4003. [PMID: 33937926 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11312-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Meroterpenoids are a class of terpenoid-containing hybrid natural products with impressive structural architectures and remarkable pharmacological activities. Remarkable advances in enzymology and synthetic biology have greatly contributed to the elucidation of the molecular basis for their biosynthesis. Here, we review structurally unique meroterpenoids catalyzed by novel enzymes and unusual enzymatic reactions over the period of last 5 years. We also discuss recent progress on the biomimetic synthesis of chrome meroterpenoids and synthetic biology-driven biomanufacturing of tropolone sesquiterpenoids, merochlorins, and plant-derived meroterpenoid cannabinoids. In particular, we focus on the novel enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of polyketide-terpenoids, nonribosomal peptide-terpenoids, terpenoid alkaloids, and meroterpenoid with unique structures. The biological activities of these meroterpenoids are also discussed. The information reviewed here might provide useful clues and lay the foundation for developing new meroterpenoid-derived drugs. KEY POINTS: • Meroterpenoids possess intriguing structural features and relevant biological activities. • Novel enzymes are involved in the biosynthesis of meroterpenoids with unique structures. • Biomimetic synthesis and synthetic biology enable the construction and manufacturing of complex meroterpenoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Han
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, QLD, Brisbane, 4111, Australia
| | - Lan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ronald J Quinn
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, QLD, Brisbane, 4111, Australia
| | - Xueting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Yunjiang Feng
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, QLD, Brisbane, 4111, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Karageorgis G, Foley DJ, Laraia L, Brakmann S, Waldmann H. Pseudo Natural Products—Chemical Evolution of Natural Product Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- George Karageorgis
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Daniel J. Foley
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Current address: School of Physical and Chemical Sciences University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Luca Laraia
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Current address: Department of Chemistry Technical University of Denmark, kemitorvet 207 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Susanne Brakmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Grigalunas M, Burhop A, Christoforow A, Waldmann H. Pseudo-natural products and natural product-inspired methods in chemical biology and drug discovery. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 56:111-118. [PMID: 32362382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Through evolution, nature has provided natural products (NPs) as a rich source of diverse bioactive material. Many drug discovery programs have used nature as an inspiration for the design of NP-like compound classes. These concepts are guided by the prevalidated biological relevance of NPs while going beyond the limitations of nature to produce chemical matter that could have unexpected or novel bioactivities. Herein, we discuss, compare, and highlight recent examples of NP-inspired methods with a focus on the pseudo-NP concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grigalunas
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Annina Burhop
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Christoforow
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Karageorgis G, Foley DJ, Laraia L, Waldmann H. Principle and design of pseudo-natural products. Nat Chem 2020; 12:227-235. [PMID: 32015480 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0411-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are a significant source of inspiration towards the discovery of new bioactive compounds based on novel molecular scaffolds. However, there are currently only a small number of guiding synthetic strategies available to generate novel NP-inspired scaffolds, limiting both the number and types of compounds accessible. In this Perspective, we discuss a design approach for the preparation of biologically relevant small-molecule libraries, harnessing the unprecedented combination of NP-derived fragments as an overarching strategy for the synthesis of new bioactive compounds. These novel 'pseudo-natural product' classes retain the biological relevance of NPs, yet exhibit structures and bioactivities not accessible to nature or through the use of existing design strategies. We also analyse selected pseudo-NP libraries using chemoinformatic tools, to assess their molecular shape diversity and properties. To facilitate the exploration of biologically relevant chemical space, we identify design principles and connectivity patterns that would provide access to unprecedented pseudo-NP classes, offering new opportunities for bioactive small-molecule discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Karageorgis
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany.,School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Daniel J Foley
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany.,College of Science, University of Canterbury, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Luca Laraia
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany. .,Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University, Dortmund, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Scholarinine A, a N3 type caged-monoterpene indole alkaloid as Cav3.1 T-type calcium channel inhibitor from Alstonia scholaris. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
12
|
Iwata T, Fukase K, Nakao Y, Tanaka K. Efficient Synthesis of Marine Alkaloid Ageladine A and its Structural Modification for Exploring New Biological Activity. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2020. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.78.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ceballos J, Schwalfenberg M, Karageorgis G, Reckzeh ES, Sievers S, Ostermann C, Pahl A, Sellstedt M, Nowacki J, Carnero Corrales MA, Wilke J, Laraia L, Tschapalda K, Metz M, Sehr DA, Brand S, Winklhofer K, Janning P, Ziegler S, Waldmann H. Synthesis of Indomorphan Pseudo-Natural Product Inhibitors of Glucose Transporters GLUT-1 and -3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17016-17025. [PMID: 31469221 PMCID: PMC6900016 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive compound design based on natural product (NP) structure may be limited because of partial coverage of NP-like chemical space and biological target space. These limitations can be overcome by combining NP-centered strategies with fragment-based compound design through combination of NP-derived fragments to afford structurally unprecedented "pseudo-natural products" (pseudo-NPs). The design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a collection of indomorphan pseudo-NPs that combine biosynthetically unrelated indole- and morphan-alkaloid fragments are described. Indomorphane derivative Glupin was identified as a potent inhibitor of glucose uptake by selectively targeting and upregulating glucose transporters GLUT-1 and GLUT-3. Glupin suppresses glycolysis, reduces the levels of glucose-derived metabolites, and attenuates the growth of various cancer cell lines. Our findings underscore the importance of dual GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 inhibition to efficiently suppress tumor cell growth and the cellular rescue mechanism, which counteracts glucose scarcity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ceballos
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Current address: Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic SynthesisEPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 42211015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Melanie Schwalfenberg
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - George Karageorgis
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Current address: School of ChemistryUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK
| | - Elena S. Reckzeh
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University DortmundOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Compound Management and Screening Center, DortmundOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Claude Ostermann
- Compound Management and Screening Center, DortmundOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Axel Pahl
- Compound Management and Screening Center, DortmundOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Magnus Sellstedt
- Department of ChemistryUmeå University901 87UmeåSweden
- Current address: Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory MedicineUniversity Hospital of Umeå901 85UmeåSweden
| | - Jessica Nowacki
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Marjorie A. Carnero Corrales
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Julian Wilke
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University DortmundOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Luca Laraia
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Current address: Department of ChemistryTechnical University of DenmarkKemitorvet, Bygning 2072800Kgs LyngbyDenmark
| | - Kirsten Tschapalda
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Malte Metz
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Dominik A. Sehr
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University Bochum44801BochumGermany
| | - Silke Brand
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Konstanze Winklhofer
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University Bochum44801BochumGermany
| | - Petra Janning
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University DortmundOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ceballos J, Schwalfenberg M, Karageorgis G, Reckzeh ES, Sievers S, Ostermann C, Pahl A, Sellstedt M, Nowacki J, Carnero Corrales MA, Wilke J, Laraia L, Tschapalda K, Metz M, Sehr DA, Brand S, Winklhofer K, Janning P, Ziegler S, Waldmann H. Synthesis of Indomorphan Pseudo‐Natural Product Inhibitors of Glucose Transporters GLUT‐1 and ‐3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ceballos
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Current address: Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic SynthesisEPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4221 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Melanie Schwalfenberg
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - George Karageorgis
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Current address: School of ChemistryUniversity of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Elena S. Reckzeh
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Compound Management and Screening Center, Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Claude Ostermann
- Compound Management and Screening Center, Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Axel Pahl
- Compound Management and Screening Center, Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Magnus Sellstedt
- Department of ChemistryUmeå University 901 87 Umeå Sweden
- Current address: Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory MedicineUniversity Hospital of Umeå 901 85 Umeå Sweden
| | - Jessica Nowacki
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Marjorie A. Carnero Corrales
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Julian Wilke
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Luca Laraia
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Current address: Department of ChemistryTechnical University of Denmark Kemitorvet, Bygning 207 2800 Kgs Lyngby Denmark
| | - Kirsten Tschapalda
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Malte Metz
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Dominik A. Sehr
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University Bochum 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Silke Brand
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Konstanze Winklhofer
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyInstitute of Biochemistry and PathobiochemistryRuhr University Bochum 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Petra Janning
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Solís CM, Salazar MO, Ramallo IA, García P, Furlan RLE. A Tyrosinase Inhibitor from a Nitrogen-Enriched Chemically Engineered Extract. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2019; 21:622-627. [PMID: 31361945 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.9b00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme tyrosinase is involved in the biosynthesis of melanin and the enzymatic browning of fruits and vegetables, and therefore, its inhibitors have potential to treat hyperpigmentary disorders or to function as food antibrowning agents. The use of hydrazine monohydrate as a reagent to prepare chemically engineered extracts can lead to semisynthetic compounds that contain the portion N-N, a fragment rarely found in natural products and present in some tyrosinase inhibitors. Here, we report the tyrosinase inhibition screening of a series of chemically engineered extracts that are diversified by reaction with hydrazine. LC-MS was used to evaluate the change in composition produced by the reaction. Bioguided fractionation of the most active chemically engineered extract, prepared from Matricaria recutita L., led to the discovery of a pyrazole that inhibits tyrosinase with an IC50 value of 28.20 ± 1.13 μM. This compound was produced by a one-pot double chemical transformation of its natural precursor, which includes an unexpected selective removal of one -OH group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Solís
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario-CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mario O. Salazar
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario-CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - I. Ayelen Ramallo
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario-CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Paula García
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario-CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ricardo L. E. Furlan
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario-CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Schneidewind T, Kapoor S, Garivet G, Karageorgis G, Narayan R, Vendrell-Navarro G, Antonchick AP, Ziegler S, Waldmann H. The Pseudo Natural Product Myokinasib Is a Myosin Light Chain Kinase 1 Inhibitor with Unprecedented Chemotype. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:512-523.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
17
|
Kikuchi H, Kawai K, Nakashiro Y, Yonezawa T, Kawaji K, Kodama EN, Oshima Y. Construction of a Meroterpenoid-Like Compounds Library Based on Diversity-Enhanced Extracts. Chemistry 2018; 25:1106-1112. [PMID: 30379362 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The structural diversity of natural products and their derivatives have long contributed to the development of new drugs. However, the difficulty in obtaining compounds bearing skeletally novel structures has recently led to a decline of pharmaceutical research into natural products. This paper reports the construction of a meroterpenoid-like library containing 25 compounds with diverse molecular scaffolds obtained from diversity-enhanced extracts. This method constitutes an approach for increasing the chemical diversity of natural-product-like compounds by combining natural product chemistry and diversity-oriented synthesis. Extensive pharmacological screening of the library revealed promising compounds for anti-osteoporotic and anti-lymphoma/leukemia drugs. This result indicates that the use of diversity-enhanced extracts is an effective methodology for producing chemical libraries for the purpose of drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruhisa Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kawai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yota Nakashiro
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yonezawa
- Reseach Institute for Biological Functions, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Kumi Kawaji
- Division of Infectious Diseases, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University and Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Eiichi N Kodama
- Division of Infectious Diseases, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University and Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Oshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Karageorgis G, Reckzeh ES, Ceballos J, Schwalfenberg M, Sievers S, Ostermann C, Pahl A, Ziegler S, Waldmann H. Chromopynones are pseudo natural product glucose uptake inhibitors targeting glucose transporters GLUT-1 and -3. Nat Chem 2018; 10:1103-1111. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0132-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
19
|
Wang Y, Xie F, Lin B, Cheng M, Liu Y. Synthetic Approaches to Tetracyclic Indolines as Versatile Building Blocks of Diverse Indole Alkaloids. Chemistry 2018; 24:14302-14315. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanshi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery; Ministry of Education; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 P. R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China; Benxi 117000 P. R. China
| | - Fukai Xie
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery; Ministry of Education; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 P. R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China; Benxi 117000 P. R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 P. R. China
| | - Bin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery; Ministry of Education; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 P. R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China; Benxi 117000 P. R. China
| | - Maosheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery; Ministry of Education; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 P. R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China; Benxi 117000 P. R. China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery; Ministry of Education; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 P. R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China; Benxi 117000 P. R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang 110016 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Oshima Y, Kikuchi H. Developments toward the Production of Diverse Natural-Product-Like Compounds: Diversity-Oriented Synthesis and Diversity-Enhanced Extracts. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-18-885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
21
|
Li G, Lou HX. Strategies to diversify natural products for drug discovery. Med Res Rev 2017; 38:1255-1294. [PMID: 29064108 DOI: 10.1002/med.21474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural product libraries contain specialized metabolites derived from plants, animals, and microorganisms that play a pivotal role in drug discovery due to their immense structural diversity and wide variety of biological activities. The strategies to greatly extend natural product scaffolds through available biological and chemical approaches offer unique opportunities to access a new series of natural product analogues, enabling the construction of diverse natural product-like libraries. The affordability of these structurally diverse molecules has been a crucial step in accelerating drug discovery. This review provides an overview of various approaches to exploit the diversity of compounds for natural product-based drug development, drawing upon a series of examples to illustrate each strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Natural Medicine and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Department of Natural Medicine and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Srinivasulu V, Mazitschek R, Kariem NM, Reddy A, Rabeh WM, Li L, O'Connor MJ, Al-Tel TH. Modular Bi-Directional One-Pot Strategies for the Diastereoselective Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Collections of Constrained β-Carboline-Benzoxazepines. Chemistry 2017; 23:14182-14192. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vunnam Srinivasulu
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research; University of Sharjah; P.O.Box 27272 Sharjah UAE
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School; 185 Cambridge Street Boston MA 02114 USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease; Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Noor M. Kariem
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research; University of Sharjah; P.O.Box 27272 Sharjah UAE
| | - Amarnath Reddy
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research; University of Sharjah; P.O.Box 27272 Sharjah UAE
| | - Wael M. Rabeh
- Core Technologies Platform; New York University Abu Dhabi; P O Box 129188 Saadiyat Island Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Liang Li
- Core Technologies Platform; New York University Abu Dhabi; P O Box 129188 Saadiyat Island Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Matthew John O'Connor
- Core Technologies Platform; New York University Abu Dhabi; P O Box 129188 Saadiyat Island Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Taleb H. Al-Tel
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research; University of Sharjah; P.O.Box 27272 Sharjah UAE
- College of Pharmacy; University of Sharjah; P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah UAE
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tomohara K, Ito T, Furusawa K, Hasegawa N, Tsuge K, Kato A, Adachi I. Multiple production of α,α-disubstituted amino acid derivatives through direct chemical derivatization of natural plant extracts: An apparently difficult but successful route. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
24
|
Wakimoto T. Toward the Dark Matter of Natural Products. CHEM REC 2017; 17:1124-1134. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201700009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Wakimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Hokkaido University; Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kikuchi H, Oshima Y. Development of Natural Product-Like Compound Library for Drug Discovery Based on Diversity-Enhanced Extracts. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2017. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.75.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|