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Kasif M, Alarifi A, Afzal M, Thirugnanasambandam A. N, S-codoped carbon dots for antioxidants and their nanovehicle potential as molecular cargoes. RSC Adv 2024; 14:32041-32052. [PMID: 39391617 PMCID: PMC11465998 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra05994h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This work demonstrates the facile one step hydrothermal synthesis of carbon dots doped with nitrogen and sulfur (SCDs). The carbon dots have various uses, including their use as molecular payloads for antioxidant and drug delivery purposes. The sizes of the CDs were determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed an average size of 4.2 nm. The successful sulfur doping was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which identified typical functional groups and elemental composition. UV-vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy revealed a wide absorption peak at 280 nm and a pronounced blue emission at 440 nm. Colloidal stability was confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential analysis. The antioxidant characteristics were evaluated through the use of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, which confirmed a notable ability to scavenge radicals which revealed more than 80% radical scavenging capability. The SCDs also showed nontoxic behavior against living cells. The findings emphasize the potential of SCDs in the fields of bioimaging, drug delivery, and as potent antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kasif
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati 781039 India
| | - Abdullah Alarifi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Afzal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Arunkumar Thirugnanasambandam
- Centre for Sustainable Materials and Surface Metamorphosis, Chennai Institute of Technology Chennai Tamilnadu 600069 India
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Girma WM, Zhu Z, Guo Y, Xiao X, Wang Z, Mekuria SL, Hameed MMA, El-Newehy M, Guo R, Shen M, Shi X. Synthesis and Characterization of Copper-Crosslinked Carbon Dot Nanoassemblies for Efficient Macrophage Manipulation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400511. [PMID: 39154350 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Nanomedicines loaded in macrophages (MAs) can actively target tumors without dominantly relying on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, making them effective for treating EPR-deficient malignancies. Herein, copper-crosslinked carbon dot clusters (CDCs) are synthesized with both photodynamic and chemodynamic functions to manipulate MAs, aiming to direct the MA-mediated tumor targeting. First, green fluorescent CDs (g-CDs) are prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method. Subsequently, the g-CDs are complexed with divalent copper ions to form copper-crosslinked CDCs (g-CDCs/Cu), which are incubated with MAs for their manipulation. Experimental results revealed that the prepared g-CDCs/Cu displayed good aqueous dispersibility and fluorescent emission properties. The nanoassemblies can be activated to deplete the overexpressed glutathione (GSH) and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of laser irradiation through the combined Cu-mediated chemodynamic therapy and CD-mediated photodynamic therapy. Furthermore, the ROS produced in MAs enabled polarization of MAs to antitumor M1 phenotype, suggesting the future potential use to reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. These results obtained from the current study suggest a significant potential to develop g-CDCs/Cu for GSH depletion, ROS generation, and MA M1 polarization as a theransotic agent to tackle cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wubshet Mekonnen Girma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Wollo University, Dessie, 1000, Ethiopia
| | - Zewen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yunqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xianghao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Shewaye Lakew Mekuria
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Meera Moydeen Abdul Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Newehy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Mingwu Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
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He Z, Lin H, Sui J, Wang K, Wang H, Cao L. Seafood waste derived carbon nanomaterials for removal and detection of food safety hazards. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172332. [PMID: 38615776 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Nanobiotechnology and the engineering of nanomaterials are currently the main focus of many researches. Seafood waste carbon nanomaterials (SWCNs) are a renewable resource with large surface area, porous structure, high reactivity, and abundant active sites. They efficiently adsorb food contaminants through π-π conjugated, ion exchange, and electrostatic interaction. Furthermore, SWCNs prepared from seafood waste are rich in N and O functional groups. They have high quantum yield (QY) and excellent fluorescence properties, making them promising materials for the removal and detection of pollutants. It provides an opportunity by which solutions to the long-term challenges of the food industry in assessing food safety, maintaining food quality, detecting contaminants and pretreating samples can be found. In addition, carbon nanomaterials can be used as adsorbents to reduce environmental pollutants and prevent food safety problems from the source. In this paper, the types of SWCNs are reviewed; the synthesis, properties and applications of SWCNs are reviewed and the raw material selection, preparation methods, reaction conditions and formation mechanisms of biomass-based carbon materials are studied in depth. Finally, the advantages of seafood waste carbon and its composite materials in pollutant removal and detection were discussed, and existing problems were pointed out, which provided ideas for the future development and research directions of this interesting and versatile material. Based on the concept of waste pricing and a recycling economy, the aim of this paper is to outline current trends and the future potential to transform residues from the seafood waste sector into valuable biological (nano) materials, and to apply them to food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianxin Sui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kaiqiang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Limin Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
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Ayisha Naziba T, Praveen Kumar D, Karthikeyan S, Sriramajayam S, Djanaguiraman M, Sundaram S, Ghamari M, Prasada Rao R, Ramakrishna S, Ramesh D. Biomass Derived Biofluorescent Carbon Dots for Energy Applications: Current Progress and Prospects. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400030. [PMID: 38837295 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Biomass resources are often disposed of inefficiently and it causes environmental degradation. These wastes can be turned into bio-products using effective conversion techniques. The synthesis of high-value bio-products from biomass adheres to the principles of a sustainable circular economy in a variety of industries, including agriculture. Recently, fluorescent carbon dots (C-dots) derived from biowastes have emerged as a breakthrough in the field, showcasing outstanding fluorescence properties and biocompatibility. The C-dots exhibit unique quantum confinement properties due to their small size, contributing to their exceptional fluorescence. The significance of their fluorescent properties lies in their versatile applications, particularly in bio-imaging and energy devices. Their rapid and straight-forward production using green/chemical precursors has further accelerated their adoption in diverse applications. The use of green precursors for C-dot not only addresses the biomass disposal issue through a scientific approach, but also establishes a path for a circular economy. This approach not only minimizes biowaste, which also harnesses the potential of fluorescent C-dots to contribute to sustainable practices in agriculture. This review explores recent developments and challenges in synthesizing high-quality C-dots from agro-residues, shedding light on their crucial role in advancing technologies for a cleaner and more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ayisha Naziba
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Praveen Kumar
- Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathya Mangalam, 638 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Karthikeyan
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Sriramajayam
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Killikulam, 628 252., Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Djanaguiraman
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthilarasu Sundaram
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Mehrdad Ghamari
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
| | - R Prasada Rao
- Center for Nanotechnology & Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering, Drive 1, 117576, Singapore
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanotechnology & Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering, Drive 1, 117576, Singapore
| | - D Ramesh
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Singh P, Bhankar V, Kumar S, Kumar K. Biomass-derived carbon dots as significant biological tools in the medicinal field: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 328:103182. [PMID: 38759449 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Early disease detection is crucial since it raises the likelihood of treatment and considerably lowers the cost of therapy. Therefore, the improvement of human life and health depends on the development of quick, efficient, and credible biosensing methods. For improving the quality of biosensors, distinct nanostructures have been investigated; among these, carbon dots have gained much interest because of their great performance. Carbon dots, the essential component of fluorescence nanoparticles, having outstanding chemical characteristics, superb biocompatibility, chemical inertness, low toxicity and potential optical characteristics have attracted the researchers from every corner of the globe. Several carbon dots applications have been thoroughly investigated in recent decade, from optoelectronics to biomedical investigations. This review study primarily emphasizes the recent advancements in the field of biomass-derived carbon dots-based drug delivery, gene delivery and bioimaging, and highlights achievements in two major areas: in vivo applications that involve carbon dots absorption in zebrafish and mice, tumour therapeutics, and imaging-guided drug delivery. Additionally, the possible advantages, difficulties, and future possibilities of using carbon dots for biological applications are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Permender Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat 131039, Haryana, India
| | - Vinita Bhankar
- Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad 121006, Haryana, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat 131039, Haryana, India.
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Hussen NH, Hasan AH, FaqiKhedr YM, Bogoyavlenskiy A, Bhat AR, Jamalis J. Carbon Dot Based Carbon Nanoparticles as Potent Antimicrobial, Antiviral, and Anticancer Agents. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9849-9864. [PMID: 38463310 PMCID: PMC10918813 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial and anticancer drugs are widely used due to increasing widespread infectious diseases caused by microorganisms such as bacterial, fungal, viral agents, or cancer cells, which are one of the major causes of mortality globally. Nevertheless, several microorganisms developed resistance to antibiotics as a result of genetic changes that have occurred over an extended period. Carbon-based materials, particularly carbon dots (C-dots), are potential candidates for antibacterial and anticancer nanomaterials due to their low toxicity, ease of synthesis and functionalization, high dispersibility in aqueous conditions, and promising biocompatibility. In this Review, the content is divided into four sections. The first section concentrates on C-dot structures, surface functionalization, and morphology. Following that, we summarize C-dot classifications and preparation methods such as arc discharge, laser ablation, electrochemical oxidation, and so on. The antimicrobial applications of C-dots as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral agents both in vivo and in vitro are discussed. Finally, we thoroughly examined the anticancer activity displayed by C-dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmin Hamaamin Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Aso Hameed Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Garmian, Kalar 46021, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Yar Muhammed FaqiKhedr
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Andrey Bogoyavlenskiy
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
| | - Ajmal R Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur 440033, India
| | - Joazaizulfazli Jamalis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Wang H, Yang S, Chen L, Li Y, He P, Wang G, Dong H, Ma P, Ding G. Tumor diagnosis using carbon-based quantum dots: Detection based on the hallmarks of cancer. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:174-222. [PMID: 38034499 PMCID: PMC10684566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs) have been shown to have promising application value in tumor diagnosis. Their use, however, is severely hindered by the complicated nature of the nanostructures in the CQDs. Furthermore, it seems impossible to formulate the mechanisms involved using the inadequate theoretical frameworks that are currently available for CQDs. In this review, we re-consider the structure-property relationships of CQDs and summarize the current state of development of CQDs-based tumor diagnosis based on biological theories that are fully developed. The advantages and deficiencies of recent research on CQDs-based tumor diagnosis are thus explained in terms of the manifestation of nine essential changes in cell physiology. This review makes significant progress in addressing related problems encountered with other nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Siwei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Liangfeng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Peng He
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Hui Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Peixiang Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Guqiao Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuit, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, PR China
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Das S, Mondal S, Ghosh D. Carbon quantum dots in bioimaging and biomedicines. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1333752. [PMID: 38318419 PMCID: PMC10841552 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1333752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are gaining a lot more attention than traditional semiconductor quantum dots owing to their intrinsic fluorescence property, chemical inertness, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and simple and inexpensive synthetic route of preparation. These properties allow CQDs to be utilized for a broad range of applications in various fields of scientific research including biomedical sciences, particularly in bioimaging and biomedicines. CQDs are a promising choice for advanced nanomaterials research for bioimaging and biomedicines owing to their unique chemical, physical, and optical properties. CQDs doped with hetero atom, or polymer composite materials are extremely advantageous for biochemical, biological, and biomedical applications since they are easy to prepare, biocompatible, and have beneficial properties. This type of CQD is highly useful in phototherapy, gene therapy, medication delivery, and bioimaging. This review explores the applications of CQDs in bioimaging and biomedicine, highlighting recent advancements and future possibilities to increase interest in their numerous advantages for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Somnath Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Dhiman Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Zurich, Switzerland
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Thakur S, Bains A, Sridhar K, Kaushik R, Chawla P, Sharma M. Valorization of food industrial waste: Green synthesis of carbon quantum dots and novel applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140656. [PMID: 37951400 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Food analysis is a key element in monitoring food quality for risk assessment concerning public health. Instead of using chemically prepared carbon sources for food analysis, eco-friendly and green technology based CQDs are in great demand due to their least toxicity. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) represent an innovative group of fluorescent nanomaterials, possessing characteristics like photoluminescence, minimal toxicity, high water solubility, and a strong affinity for biocompatibility. Their versatility extends to various applications in fields like sensor technology, biomedicine, and photocatalysis, among other areas. This paper reviews the current challenges related to the use of food by-products as a source of carbon not only enhances the value of waste but also facilitates food safety detection. The integration of CQDs into food technology for food safety analysis shows a great impact on the economy and environment. Furthermore, the details of synthesis, toxicity, application, and characterization of CQDs were also described along with a brief conceptual overview. Particularly, the detection of food additives, food-borne pathogens, heavy metal ions, and pesticide residues was also elaborated. Furthermore, the advantages and the drawbacks are also discussed, with an emphasis on their future prospects in this emerging research field. This review concluded that the use of food residual components has been associated with several toxic effects and accumulation of these residues leads to many disorders like cancer, neurological disorder, reproductive disease, cardiovascular and arthritis. Moreover, the carbon source produced from food waste interacted with other functional groups like oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen through π- π* and n- π* interactions. Overall, understanding the mechanism of fluorescence quenching of residual components is of great interest in the field of food detection, as it can provide insights into the design of cost-effective fluorescence probes with low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweezee Thakur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Aarti Bains
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, 641021, India
| | - Ravinder Kaushik
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007, Uttrakhand, India
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Baridua, 793101, India.
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Chu D, Qu H, Huang X, Shi Y, Li K, Lin W, Xu Z, Li D, Chen H, Gao L, Wang W, Wang H. Manganese Amplifies Photoinduced ROS in Toluidine Blue Carbon Dots to Boost MRI Guided Chemo/Photodynamic Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304968. [PMID: 37715278 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The contrast agents and tumor treatments currently used in clinical practice are far from satisfactory, due to the specificity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Identification of diagnostic and therapeutic reagents with strong contrast and therapeutic effect remains a great challenge. Herein, a novel carbon dot nanozyme (Mn-CD) is synthesized for the first time using toluidine blue (TB) and manganese as raw materials. As expected, the enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging capability of Mn-CDs is realized in response to the TME (acidity and glutathione), and r1 and r2 relaxation rates are enhanced by 224% and 249%, respectively. In addition, the photostability of Mn-CDs is also improved, and show an efficient singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) yield of 1.68. Moreover, Mn-CDs can also perform high-efficiency peroxidase (POD)-like activity and catalyze hydrogen peroxide to hydroxyl radicals, which is greatly improved under the light condition. The results both in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that the Mn-CDs are able to achieve real-time MR imaging of TME responsiveness through aggregation of the enhanced permeability and retention effect at tumor sites and facilitate light-enhanced chemodynamic and photodynamic combination therapies. This work opens a new perspective in terms of the role of carbon nanomaterials in integrated diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongchuan Chu
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Hang Qu
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Xueping Huang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Ke Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Wenzheng Lin
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Zhuobin Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Lizeng Gao
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
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11
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Dubey P. An overview on animal/human biomass-derived carbon dots for optical sensing and bioimaging applications. RSC Adv 2023; 13:35088-35126. [PMID: 38046631 PMCID: PMC10690874 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06976a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as some of the extremely popular carbon nanostructures for diverse applications. The advantages of sustainable CDs, characterized by their exceptional photoluminescence (PL), high water solubility/dispersibility, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility, substantiate their potential for a wide range of applications in sensing and biology. Moreover, nature offers plant- and animal-derived precursors for the sustainable synthesis of CDs and their doped variants. These sources are not only readily accessible, inexpensive, and renewable but are also environmentally benign green biomass. This review article presents in detail the production of sustainable CDs from various animal and human biomass through bottom-up synthetic methods, including hydrothermal, microwave, microwave-hydrothermal, and pyrolysis methods. The resulting CDs exhibit a uniform size distribution, possibility of heteroatom doping, surface passivation, and remarkable excitation wavelength-dependent/independent emission and up-conversion PL characteristics. Consequently, these CDs have been successfully utilized in multiple applications, such as bioimaging and the detection of various analytes, including heavy metal ions. Finally, a comprehensive assessment is presented, highlighting the prospects and challenges associated with animal/human biomass-derived CDs for multifaceted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Dubey
- Centre of Material Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies (IIDS), University of Allahabad Prayagraj-211002 Uttar Pradesh India
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12
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Singh P, Arpita, Kumar S, Kumar P, Kataria N, Bhankar V, Kumar K, Kumar R, Hsieh CT, Khoo KS. Assessment of biomass-derived carbon dots as highly sensitive and selective templates for the sensing of hazardous ions. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:16241-16267. [PMID: 37439261 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Access to safe drinking water and a hygienic living environment are the basic necessities that encourage healthy living. However, the presence of various pollutants (especially toxic heavy metal ions) at high concentrations in water renders water unfit for drinking and domestic use. The presence of high concentrations of heavy-metal ions (e.g., Pb2+, Hg2+, Cr6+, Cd2+, or Cu2+) greater than their permissible limits adversely affects human health, and increases the risk of cancer of the kidneys, liver, skin, and central nervous system. Therefore, their detection in water is crucial. Due to the various benefits of "green"-synthesized carbon-dots (C-dots) over other materials, these materials are potential candidates for sensing of toxic heavy-metal ions in water sources. C-dots are very small carbon-based nanomaterials that show chemical stability, magnificent biocompatibility, excitation wavelength-dependent photoluminescence (PL), water solubility, simple preparation strategies, photoinduced electron transfer, and the opportunity for functionalization. A new family of C-dots called "carbon quantum dots" (CQDs) are fluorescent zero-dimensional carbon nanoparticles of size < 10 nm. The green synthesis of C-dots has numerous advantages over conventional chemical routes, such as utilization of inexpensive and non-poisonous materials, straightforward operations, rapid reactions, and renewable precursors. Natural sources, such as biomass and biomass wastes, are broadly accepted as green precursors for fabricating C-dots because these sources are economical, ecological, and readily/extensively accessible. Two main methods are available for C-dots production: top-down and bottom-up. Herein, this review article discusses the recent advancements in the green fabrication of C-dots: photostability; surface structure and functionalization; potential applications for the sensing of hazardous anions and toxic heavy-metal ions; binding of toxic ions with C-dots; probable mechanistic routes of PL-based sensing of toxic heavy-metal ions. The green production of C-dots and their promising applications in the sensing of hazardous ions discussed herein provides deep insights into the safety of human health and the environment. Nonetheless, this review article provides a resource for the conversion of low-value biomass and biomass waste into valuable materials (i.e., C-dots) for promising sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Permender Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonipat-131039, Haryana, India.
| | - Arpita
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Parmod Kumar
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Navish Kataria
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Vinita Bhankar
- Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, Haryana, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonipat-131039, Haryana, India.
| | - Ravi Kumar
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Chien-Te Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam-603103, Tamil Nadu, India
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13
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Szczepankowska J, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan K, Krystyjan M. Carbon Dots-Types, Obtaining and Application in Biotechnology and Food Technology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14984. [PMID: 37834430 PMCID: PMC10573487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Materials with a "nano" structure are increasingly used in medicine and biotechnology as drug delivery systems, bioimaging agents or biosensors in the monitoring of toxic substances, heavy metals and environmental variations. Furthermore, in the food industry, they have found applications as detectors of food adulteration, microbial contamination and even in packaging for monitoring product freshness. Carbon dots (CDs) as materials with broad as well as unprecedented possibilities could revolutionize the economy, if only their synthesis was based on low-cost natural sources. So far, a number of studies point to the positive possibilities of obtaining CDs from natural sources. This review describes the types of carbon dots and the most important methods of obtaining them. It also focuses on presenting the potential application of carbon dots in biotechnology and food technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szczepankowska
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Gohar Khachatryan
- Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland; (G.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Karen Khachatryan
- Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland; (G.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Magdalena Krystyjan
- Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland; (G.K.); (K.K.)
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14
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Yang X, Li Y, Zhang P, Guo L, Li X, Shu Y, Jiang K, Hou Y, Jing L, Jiao M. Building in biologically appropriate multifunctionality in aqueous copper indium selenide-based quantum dots. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13603-13616. [PMID: 37555299 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02385k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Advanced nanoplatforms equipped with different functional moieties for theranostics hold appealing promise for reshaping precision medicine. The reliable construction of an individual nanomaterial with intrinsic near-infrared (NIR) photofunction and magnetic domains is much desired but largely unexplored in a direct aqueous synthesis system. Herein, we develop an aqueous phase synthetic strategy for Mn2+ doping of ZnS shell grown on Zn-Cu-In-Se core quantum dots (ZCISe@ZnS:Mn QDs), providing the optimal NIR fluorescence quantum efficiency of up to 18.9% and meanwhile efficiently introducing paramagnetic domains. The relaxometric properties of the water-soluble Mn-doped QDs make them desirable for both the longitudinal and transverse (T1 and T2) magnetic resonance (MR) contrast enhancement due to the shell lattice-doped Mn2+ ions with slow tumbling rates and favoured spin-proton dipolar interactions with surrounding water molecules. Surprisingly, the incorporation of Mn2+ ions into the shell is found to significantly enhance the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by combining both the chemodynamic and photodynamic processes upon NIR light irradiation, showing great potential for efficient photo-assisted ablation of cancer cells. Furthermore, a broad-spectrum excitation range beneficial for bright NIR fluorescence imaging of breast cancer has been proven and offers high flexibility in the choice of incident light sources. Multiparametric MR imaging of the brain has also been successfully demonstrated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiling Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Road 53, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Road 53, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Peisen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, China.
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Lingfei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Road 53, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Road 53, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Yiyang Shu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Road 53, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Kuiyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Road 53, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Yi Hou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 10029, China
| | - Lihong Jing
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei Yi Jie 2, Zhong Guan Cun, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Mingxia Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Road 53, Qingdao 266042, China.
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15
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Muangmora R, Kemacheevakul P, Chuangchote S. Fiberglass cloth coated by coffee ground waste-derived carbon quantum dots/titanium dioxide composite for removal of caffeine and other pharmaceuticals from water. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17693. [PMID: 37455966 PMCID: PMC10338977 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee ground waste from the coffee beverage preparation is mainly discarded and consequently ends up in landfill, which cause the contamination of caffeine in various environmental compartments. This study focuses on the upcycling of coffee-ground waste to carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for use as a modifying material to improve the visible light activity of titanium dioxide (TiO2). The CQD solution was synthesized by hydrothermal method, which has an average size of 2.80 ± 0.63 nm. The CQDs/TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by combining CQD solutions at various amounts with sol-gel TiO2 and then coated on the fiberglass cloths (FGCs). The photocatalytic application mainly focuses on the removal of caffeine from the water. The photocatalytic experiment was preliminary run in a simple batch reactor under visible light. The 5CQDs/TiO2 coated FGC (5 mL of CQD solution/g of Ti-based on sol-gel) showed the best performance, and it was selected for the removal of caffeine and other pharmaceuticals (i.e., carbamazepine and ibuprofen) in the recirculating reactor. The removals of caffeine, carbamazepine, and ibuprofen after irradiation for 9 h were 82%, 88%, and 84%, respectively. The residual concentrations were significantly lower than the reported toxicity levels based on specific species. The changes in total organic carbon were observed, indicating the mineralization of pharmaceuticals in water. The 5CQDs/TiO2 coated FGC showed good flexible performance. No obvious loss of activity was observed for five runs. The actual wastewater from the coffee pot cleaning process was also tested. The removal was 80% for caffeine and 86% for color in the unit of the American Dye Manufacturers Institute (ADMI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rattana Muangmora
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut′s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Prachauthit Rd., Bangmod, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Patiya Kemacheevakul
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut′s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Prachauthit Rd., Bangmod, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Research Center of Advanced Materials for Energy and Environmental Technology (MEET), King Mongkut′s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Prachauthit Rd., Bangmod, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Surawut Chuangchote
- Research Center of Advanced Materials for Energy and Environmental Technology (MEET), King Mongkut′s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Prachauthit Rd., Bangmod, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Department of Tool and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut′s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Prachauthit Rd., Bangmod, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
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16
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Kuznietsova H, Dziubenko N, Paliienko K, Pozdnyakova N, Krisanova N, Pastukhov A, Lysenko T, Dudarenko M, Skryshevsky V, Lysenko V, Borisova T. A comparative multi-level toxicity assessment of carbon-based Gd-free dots and Gd-doped nanohybrids from coffee waste: hematology, biochemistry, histopathology and neurobiology study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9306. [PMID: 37291245 PMCID: PMC10250545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, a comparative toxicity assessment of precursor carbon dots from coffee waste (cofCDs) obtained using green chemistry principles and Gd-doped nanohybrids (cofNHs) was performed using hematological, biochemical, histopathological assays in vivo (CD1 mice, intraperitoneal administration, 14 days), and neurochemical approach in vitro (rat cortex nerve terminals, synaptosomes). Serum biochemistry data revealed similar changes in cofCDs and cofNHs-treated groups, i.e. no changes in liver enzymes' activities and creatinine, but decreased urea and total protein values. Hematology data demonstrated increased lymphocytes and concomitantly decreased granulocytes in both groups, which could evidence inflammatory processes in the organism and was confirmed by liver histopathology; decreased red blood cell-associated parameters and platelet count, and increased mean platelet volume, which might indicate concerns with platelet maturation and was confirmed by spleen histopathology. So, relative safety of both cofCDs and cofNHs for kidney, liver and spleen was shown, whereas there were concerns about platelet maturation and erythropoiesis. In acute neurotoxicity study, cofCDs and cofNHs (0.01 mg/ml) did not affect the extracellular level of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA in nerve terminal preparations. Therefore, cofNHs demonstrated minimal changes in serum biochemistry and hematology assays, had no acute neurotoxicity signs, and can be considered as perspective biocompatible non-toxic theragnostic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halyna Kuznietsova
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Dziubenko
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Konstantin Paliienko
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine.
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine.
| | - Natalia Pozdnyakova
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Krisanova
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Artem Pastukhov
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana Lysenko
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Valeriy Skryshevsky
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir Lysenko
- Light Matter Institute, UMR-5306, Claude Bernard University of Lyon/CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Tatiana Borisova
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
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17
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Dirersa WB, Getachew G, Wibrianto A, Rasal AS, Gurav VS, Zakki Fahmi M, Chang JY. Molybdenum-oxo-sulfide quantum dot-based nanocarrier: Efficient generation of reactive oxygen species via photo/chemodynamic therapy and stimulus-induced drug release. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023:S0021-9797(23)00890-1. [PMID: 37230831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of multifunctional nano-therapies has increased gradually to strengthen the therapeutic performance and minimize adverse effects of traditional cancer treatment strategies. Currently, we have designed a facile preparation drug-loaded nanocarrier for multimodal cancer therapy upon external stimuli. First, defect-rich molybdenum oxo-sulfide (MoOxS2-x) quantum dots (QDs) was synthesized via rapid biomineralization techniques with superior optical quantum yield reaching upto 37.28%. The presence of the Fenton ion, Mo+IV/+VI, enables MoOxS2-x QDs to efficiently catalyze peroxide solutions to produce •OH radicals for chemodynamic treatment (CDT) and also deactivate the intracellular glutathione (GSH) enzymes through redox reaction for boosted reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated therapies. In addition, upon laser combination, MoOxS2-x QDs generate ROS for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Also, due to a large amount of sulfide content, MoOxS2-x QDs showed excellent H2S gas release in acidic pH for cancer gas therapy. Then, MoOxS2-x QDs was further conjugated with ROS-responsive thioketal linked Camptothecin (CPT-TK-COOH) drug, forming a multitargeted MoOxS2-xCPT anticancer agent with better drug-loading efficiency (38.8%). After triggering the ROS generation through the CDT and PDT mechanisms, the thioketal linkage was disrupted, releasing up to 79% of the CPT drug in 48 h. Besides, in vitro experiments verified that MoOxS2-x QDs possess higher biocompatibility with 4T1 and HeLa cells but also showed considerable toxicity in the presence of laser/H2O2, resulting in 84.45% cell death through PDT/CDT and chemotherapeutic effects. Therefore, the designed MoOxS2-xCPT exhibited outstanding therapeutic benefits for image-guided cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worku Batu Dirersa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Girum Getachew
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Aswandi Wibrianto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Akash S Rasal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Vivek S Gurav
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | - Jia-Yaw Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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18
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Gedda G, Sankaranarayanan SA, Putta CL, Gudimella KK, Rengan AK, Girma WM. Green synthesis of multi-functional carbon dots from medicinal plant leaves for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and bioimaging applications. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6371. [PMID: 37076562 PMCID: PMC10115846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33652-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research work, carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized from the renewable leaves of an indigenous medicinal plant by the one-pot sand bath method, Azadirachta indica. The synthesized CDs were characterized for its optical properties using UV-Vis, Fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometry and for structural properties using dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and high resolution Transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The synthesized CDs exhibited concentration dependent biocompatibility when tested in mouse fibroblast L929 cell line. The EC50 values of biomedical studies, free radical scavenging activity (13.87 μgmL-1), and total antioxidant capacity (38 μgmL-1) proved CDs were exceptionally good. These CDs showed an appreciable zone of inhibition when examined on four bacterial (two gram-positive and gram-negative) and two fungal strains at minimum concentrations. Cellular internalisation studies performed on human breast cancer cells (MCF 7- bioimaging) revealed the applicability of CDs in bioimaging, wherein the inherent fluorescence of CDs were utilised. Thus, the CDs developed are potential as bioimaging, antioxidants and antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangaraju Gedda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560064, India
| | - Sri Amruthaa Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Chandra Lekha Putta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Krishna Kanthi Gudimella
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Rudraram, Telangana, 502329, India.
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India.
| | - Wubshet Mekonnen Girma
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia.
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19
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Das C, Sillanpää M, Zaidi SA, Khan MA, Biswas G. Current trends in carbon-based quantum dots development from solid wastes and their applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:45528-45554. [PMID: 36809626 PMCID: PMC9942668 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization and a massive population boom have immensely increased the solid wastes (SWs) generation and are expected to reach 3.40 billion tons by 2050. In many developed and emerging nations, SWs are prevalent in both major and small cities. As a result, in the current context, the reusability of SWs through various applications has taken on added importance. Carbon-based quantum dots (Cb-QDs) and their many variants are synthesized from SWs in a straightforward and practical method. Cb-QDs are a new type of semiconductor that has attracted the interest of researchers due to their wide range of applications, which include everything from energy storage, chemical sensing, to drug delivery. This review is primarily focused on the conversion of SWs into useful materials, which is an essential aspect of waste management for pollution reduction. In this context, the goal of the current review is to investigate the sustainable synthesis routes of carbon quantum dots (CQDs), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) from various types SWs. The applications of CQDs, GQDs, and GOQDs in the different areas are also been discussed. Finally, the challenges in implementing the existing synthesis methods and future research directions are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchal Das
- Department of Chemistry, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, West Bengal, Cooch Behar, 736101, India
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Shabi Abbas Zaidi
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Goutam Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, West Bengal, Cooch Behar, 736101, India
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20
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Shi H, Li X, Li Y, Feng S. Carbon dots derived from peptone as "off-on" fluorescent probes for the detection of oxalic acid. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 287:122038. [PMID: 36327809 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A simple and rapid microwave heating approach was reported for the preparation of water soluble carbon dots (CDs) using peptone as carbon source with the assistance of ethylenediamine. Several characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to analyze CDs. The optical properties of synthesized CDs were examined by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The CDs exhibit strong blue emission under 365 nm UV lamp and have the excitation and pH (2.0-12.0) dependent emission behavior. The fluorescence intensity of CDs can be selectively quenched by Co2+ via dynamic mechanism, while the addition of oxalic acid (OA) results in a remarkable recovery of the fluorescence intensity due to the strong coordination binding between oxalic acid and Co2+. Hence, the prepared CDs can conveniently serve as "off-on" fluorescent probes for highly sensitive determination of oxalic acid. The wide linear range is 0.5-70 mg/L with a low detection limit of 0.288 mg/L. Furthermore, the probes were successfully applied to detect oxalic acid in tomato and cherry tomato samples with the recovery of 96.4 %-106.4 % and the relative standard deviation lower than 0.25 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xin Xiang 453007, China; Department of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou 450064, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xin Xiang 453007, China
| | - Yingying Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xin Xiang 453007, China
| | - Suling Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xin Xiang 453007, China.
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21
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Green Synthesis of Blue-Emitting Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots for In Vitro CT26 and In Vivo Zebrafish Nano-Imaging as Diagnostic Probes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020632. [PMID: 36839953 PMCID: PMC9960939 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) are prepared using black carbon as a feedstock and H2O2 as a green oxidizing agent in a straightforward and environmentally friendly manner. The process adopted microwave energy and only took two minutes. The GOQDs are 20 nm in size and have stable blue fluorescence at 440 nm. The chemical characteristics and QD morphology were confirmed by thorough analysis using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), Fourier transmission infra-red (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The biocompatibility test was used to evaluate the toxicity of GOQDs in CT26 cells in vitro and the IC50 was found to be 200 µg/mL with excellent survival rates. Additional in vivo toxicity assessment in the developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo model found no observed abnormalities even at a high concentration of 400 μg/mL after 96 h post fertilization. The GOQDs luminescence was also tested both in vitro and in vivo. They showed excellent internal distribution in the cytoplasm, cell nucleus, and throughout the zebrafish body. As a result, the prepared GOQDs are expected to be simple and inexpensive materials for nano-imaging and diagnostic probes in nanomedicine.
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22
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Shinde VR, Khatun S, Thanekar AM, Hak A, Rengan AK. Lipid-coated red fluorescent carbon dots for imaging and synergistic phototherapy in breast cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 41:103314. [PMID: 36736548 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of carbon dots using plant leaves is a facile and economically viable approach. Here we report the development of lipid-coated red fluorescent carbon dots (LRCDs), a biocompatible and stable nanomaterial, utilizing Clitoria ternatea leaves. The red fluorescent carbon dots (RCDs) were prepared by hydrothermal method, followed by lipid coating using rotary evaporation for imaging-guided phototherapy. RCDs generate heat in tandem with NIR laser irradiation and could therefore be employed as a photothermal agent in cancer therapy. Additionally, the fluorescent nature of RCDs can be utilized in bioimaging. The fabricated RCDs displayed a characteristic fluorescent emission maximum at 672 nm with a shoulder peak at 723 nm. Hydrophobicity is a major drawback associated with the RCDs, which limits their therapeutic efficiency due to poor biodistribution and rapid clearance. To address this limitation, we coated RCDs with soya lecithin to generate hydrophilic LRCDs with better bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness. Further analysis using MTT assay reveals high biocompatibility and a distinct photothermal ablation potency of LRCDs against L929 and 4T1 cells, respectively. LRCDs could potentially be synthesized on a large scale and used for a variety of applications due to their low-cost, and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Ravasaheb Shinde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India
| | - Sajmina Khatun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India
| | - Ajinkya Madhukar Thanekar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India
| | - Arshadul Hak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India.
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23
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Zhou Y, Zhang W, Leblanc RM. Structure-Property-Activity Relationships in Carbon Dots. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:10777-10796. [PMID: 36395361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c06856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are one of the most versatile nanomaterials discovered in the 21st century. They possess many properties and thus hold potentials in diverse applications. While an increasing amount of attention has been given to these novel nanoparticles, the broad scientific community is actively engaged in exploring their limits. Recent studies on the fractionalization and assembly of CDs further push the limits beyond just CDs and demonstrate that CDs are both a mixture of heterogeneous fractions and promising building blocks for assembly of large carbon-based materials. With CDs moving forward toward both microscopic and macroscopic levels, a good understanding of the structure-property-activity relationships is essential to forecasting the future of CDs. Hence, in this Perspective, structure-property-activity relationships are highlighted based on the repeatedly verified findings in CDs. In addition, studies on CD fractionalization and assembly are briefly summarized in this Perspective. Eventually, these structure-property-activity relationships and controllability are essential for the development of CDs with desired properties for various applications especially in photochemistry, electrochemistry, nanomedicine, and surface chemistry. In summary, in our opinion, since 2004 until the present, history has witnessed a great development of CDs although there is still some room for more studies. Also, considering many attractive properties, structure-property-activity relationships, and the building block nature of CDs, a variety of carbon-based materials of interest can be constructed from CDs with control. They can help reduce blind trials in the development of carbon-based materials, which is of great significance in materials science, chemistry, and any fields related to the applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States.,C-Dots LLC, Miami, Florida 33136, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
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24
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Bagheri B, Surwase SS, Lee SS, Park H, Faraji Rad Z, Trevaskis NL, Kim YC. Carbon-based nanostructures for cancer therapy and drug delivery applications. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9944-9967. [PMID: 36415922 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01741e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, design, characterization, and application of carbon-based nanostructures (CBNSs) as drug carriers have attracted a great deal of interest over the past half of the century because of their promising chemical, thermal, physical, optical, mechanical, and electrical properties and their structural diversity. CBNSs are well-known in drug delivery applications due to their unique features such as easy cellular uptake, high drug loading ability, and thermal ablation. CBNSs, including carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, nanodiamond, graphene, and carbon quantum dots have been quite broadly examined for drug delivery systems. This review not only summarizes the most recent studies on developing carbon-based nanostructures for drug delivery (e.g. delivery carrier, cancer therapy and bioimaging), but also tries to deal with the challenges and opportunities resulting from the expansion in use of these materials in the realm of drug delivery. This class of nanomaterials requires advanced techniques for synthesis and surface modifications, yet a lot of critical questions such as their toxicity, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and fate of CBNSs in biological systems must be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Bagheri
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. .,School of Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD, 4300, Australia
| | - Sachin S Surwase
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su Sam Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Heewon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zahra Faraji Rad
- School of Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD, 4300, Australia
| | - Natalie L Trevaskis
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 399 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Yeu-Chun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Liang K, Ge J, Wang P. Emerging metal doped carbon dots for promising theranostic applications. Biomed Mater 2022; 18. [PMID: 36322991 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac9fb7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As a bridge between organic fluorophores and inorganic quantum dots, carbon dots (CDs) have been recognized as emerging nanotheranostics for biomedical applications owing to their distinctive merits such as superior optical properties, flexible modification, adjustable functionalities, and remarkable photoactive therapeutic outcome, etc. Compared to metal free CDs, the introduction of metal ion in CDs endowed metal-doped CDs (MCDs) with tunable optical properties and new intrinsic properties, thereby illustrating its different capabilities from metal-free CDs for bioimaging and therapy. This review aims to summarize the recent progress of photonic MCDs as emerging nanoagent for theranostic application such as disease-related diagnostic (involving biosensing and bioimaging) and cancer therapy. The challenges and potential development of MCDs in nanotheranostic fields are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiechao Ge
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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26
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Ashraf PM, Anju VS, Binsi PK, Joseph TC. A green extraction process of nanocarbon dots from prawn shells, and its reinforcement in epoxy polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Toms Cheriyath Joseph
- Fishing Technology Division ICAR Central Institute of Fisheries Technology Cochin India
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27
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Ye H, Liu B, Wang J, Zhou C, Xiong Z, Zhao L. A Hydrothermal Method to Generate Carbon Quantum Dots from Waste Bones and Their Detection of Laundry Powder. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196479. [PMID: 36235015 PMCID: PMC9571562 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactants are one of the major pollutants in laundry powder, which have an impact on the environment and human health. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are spherical zero-dimensional fluorescent nanoparticles with great potential for fluorescent probing, electrochemical biosensing and ion sensing. Herein, a bottom-up approach was developed for the synthesis of CQDs from biomass to detect laundry detergent and laundry powder. Waste chicken bones were used as carbon precursors after being dried, crushed and reacted with pure water at 180 °C for 4 h to generate CQDs, which exhibited a monodisperse quasi-spherical structure with an average particle size of 3.2 ± 0.2 nm. Functional groups, including -OH, C=O, C=C and C-O, were identified on the surface of the prepared CQDs. The optimal fluorescence excitation wavelength of the yellow-brown CQDs was 380 nm, with a corresponding emission peak at 465 nm. CQDs did not significantly increase cell death in multiple cell lines at concentrations of 200 µg·mL−1. Fluorescence enhancement of CQDs was observed after addition of sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate, a major anionic surfactant in laundry powder. A linear relationship between fluorescence enhancement CQDs and the concentration of laundry powder was established. Thus, a hydrothermal method was developed to generate CQDs from waste biomass that may be used as a fluorescent probe to detect laundry powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen 361015, China
| | - Binbin Liu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen 361015, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Institute of Academic and Research, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Chunyu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhili Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
- Correspondence: (Z.X.); (L.Z.)
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
- Correspondence: (Z.X.); (L.Z.)
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28
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Sahu Y, Hashmi A, Patel R, Singh AK, Susan MABH, Carabineiro SAC. Potential Development of N-Doped Carbon Dots and Metal-Oxide Carbon Dot Composites for Chemical and Biosensing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3434. [PMID: 36234561 PMCID: PMC9565249 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Among carbon-based nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) have received a surge of interest in recent years due to their attractive features such as tunable photoluminescence, cost effectiveness, nontoxic renewable resources, quick and direct reactions, chemical and superior water solubility, good cell-membrane permeability, and simple operation. CDs and their composites have a large potential for sensing contaminants present in physical systems such as water resources as well as biological systems. Tuning the properties of CDs is a very important subject. This review discusses in detail heteroatom doping (N-doped CDs, N-CDs) and the formation of metal-based CD nanocomposites using a combination of matrices, such as metals and metal oxides. The properties of N-CDs and metal-based CDs nanocomposites, their syntheses, and applications in both chemical sensing and biosensing are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. V. Y. T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg 491001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ayesha Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. V. Y. T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg 491001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rajmani Patel
- Hemchand Yadav University, Durg 491001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ajaya K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. V. Y. T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg 491001, Chhattisgarh, India
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | | | - Sónia A. C. Carabineiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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29
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Chai S, Zhou L, Chi Y, Chen L, Pei S, Chen B. Enhanced antibacterial activity with increasing P doping ratio in CQDs. RSC Adv 2022; 12:27709-27715. [PMID: 36320288 PMCID: PMC9516558 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04809d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is an urgent challenge to develop efficient antibacterial agents against resistant bacteria in the treatment of infectious diseases. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have attracted much attention owing to their good stability, low toxicity and excellent biocompatibility. In this work, CQDs doped with different contents of the element phosphorus (P) were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method using valine as a carbon source, triethylamine as a nitrogen source and different volumes of phosphoric acid as a phosphorus source. The average diameter and the surface charge could be regulated from 2.89 nm to 1.56 nm and +2.58 mV to +5.47 mV by increasing the content of the element P in these CQDs. Importantly, these CQDs showed effective bacterial inhibition against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) decreased from 0.71, to 0.51 to 0.18 mg mL-1 on E. coli and S. aureus with the increase of P element content. Furthermore, the morphologies of E. coli cells and S. aureus were damaged and became irregular upon treatment with these CQDs. The results of singlet oxygen (1O2) detection demonstrated that intracellular 1O2 was generated during the antibacterial process. We speculated that bacterial inhibition induced by these CQDs was accompanied by disruption of permeability and structural integrity, owing to strong electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacteria and positively charged CQDs and production of singlet oxygen of CQDs. Together, this study indicates that the CQDs can be a candidate to treat resistant bacterial infections and may improve the understanding of killing pathogens by antibacterial CQD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqin Chai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 P. R. China
| | - Lijia Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 P. R. China
| | - Yuting Chi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 P. R. China
| | - Linshuo Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 P. R. China
| | - Shuchen Pei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Non-linear Circuit and Intelligent Information Processing, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 P. R. China
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30
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Biowaste-Derived Carbon Dots: A Perspective on Biomedical Potentials. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196186. [PMID: 36234727 PMCID: PMC9573568 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, sustainable and natural resources including biowastes have been considered attractive starting materials for the fabrication of biocompatible and biodegradable carbon dots (CDs) due to the benefits of availability, low cost, biorenewability, and environmentally benign attributes. These carbonaceous nanomaterials have been widely explored in the field of sensing/imaging, optoelectronics, photocatalysis, drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and cancer theranostics. Designing multifunctional biowaste-derived CDs with a high efficacy-to-toxicity ratio for sustained and targeted drug delivery, along with imaging potentials, opens a new window of opportunity toward theranostic applications. However, crucial challenges regarding the absorption/emission wavelength, up-conversion emission/multiphoton fluorescence mechanisms, and phosphorescence of these CDs still need to be addressed to attain the maximum functionality and efficacy. Future studies ought to focus on optimizing the synthesis techniques/conditions, evaluating the influence of nucleation/growth process on structures/properties, controlling their morphology/size, and finding the photoluminescence mechanisms. Reproducibility of synthesis techniques is another critically important factor that needs to be addressed in the future. Herein, the recent developments related to the biowaste-derived CDs with respect to their biomedical applications are deliberated, focusing on important challenges and future perspectives.
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31
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Shang L, Li Y, Xiao Y, Xu Y, Chen L, Wang H, Tao Q, Ma P, Yang S, Ding G, Dong H. Synergistic Effect of Oxygen- and Nitrogen-Containing Groups in Graphene Quantum Dots: Red Emitted Dual-Mode Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents with High Relaxivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:39885-39895. [PMID: 36031928 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Contrast agents (CAs) in magnetic resonance imaging generally involve the dissociative Gd3+. Because of the limited ligancy of Gd3+, the balance between Gd3+ coordination stability (reducing the concentration of dissociative Gd3+) and increases in the number of coordination water molecules (enhancing the relaxivity) becomes crucial. Herein, the key factor of the synergistic effect between the O- and N-containing groups of graphene quantum dots for the structural design of CAs with both high relaxivity and low toxicity was obtained. The nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) with an O/N ratio of 0.4 were selected to construct high-relaxivity magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-fluorescence dual-mode CAs. The coordination stability of Gd3+ can be increased through the synergetic coordination of O- and N-containing groups. The synergetic coordination of O- and N-containing groups can result in the short residency time of the water ligand and achieve high relaxivity. The resulting CAs (called NGQDs-Gd) exhibit a high relaxivity of 32.04 mM-1 s-1 at 114 μT. Meanwhile, the NGQDs-Gd also emit red fluorescence (614 nm), which can enable the MRI-fluorescence dual-mode imaging as the CAs. Moreover, the bio-toxicity and tumor-targeting behavior of NGQDs-Gd were also evaluated, and NGQDs-Gd show potential in MRI-fluorescence imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyang Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials of Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), CAS, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials of Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), CAS, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials of Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), CAS, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yili Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials of Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), CAS, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liangfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials of Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials of Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), CAS, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Quan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials of Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), CAS, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Peixiang Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Siwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials of Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guqiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials of Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials of Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- CAS Center for ExcelleNce in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), CAS, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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32
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Sengar P, Chauhan K, Hirata GA. Progress on carbon dots and hydroxyapatite based biocompatible luminescent nanomaterials for cancer theranostics. Transl Oncol 2022; 24:101482. [PMID: 35841822 PMCID: PMC9293661 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible carbon dots (CDs) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) have attracted much attention for the development of optical imaging probes. This review discusses the development of CD and nHA based nanomaterials as multifunctional agents for cancer theranostics. The effect of synthesis strategies and doping on photoluminescent properties along with tuning of emission in biological window has been briefly reviewed. The cancer targeting strategies, biocompatibility and biodistribution of CDs and nHA based luminescent probes is discussed. A summary of current challenges and future perspectives is provided.
Despite the significant advancement in cancer diagnosis and therapy, a huge burden remains. Consequently, much research has been diverted on the development of multifunctional nanomaterials for improvement in conventional diagnosis and therapy. Luminescent nanomaterials offer a versatile platform for the development of such materials as their intrinsic photoluminescence (PL) property offers convergence of diagnosis as well as therapy at the same time. However, the clinical translation of nanomaterials faces various challenges, including biocompatibility and cost-effective scale up production. Thus, luminescent materials with facile synthesis approach along with intrinsic biocompatibility and anticancerous activity hold significant importance. As a result, carbon dots (CDs) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) have attracted much attention for the development of optical imaging probes. CDs are the newest members of the carbonaceous nanomaterials family that possess intrinsic luminescent and therapeutic properties, making them a promising candidate for cancer theranostic. Additionally, nHA is an excellent bioactive material due to its compositional similarity to the human bone matrix. The nHA crystal can efficiently host rare-earth elements to attain luminescent property, which can further be implemented for cancer theranostic applications. Herein, the development of CDs and nHA based nanomaterials as multifunctional agents for cancer has been briefly discussed. The emphasis has been given to different synthesis strategies leading to different morphologies and tunable PL spectra, followed by their diverse applications as biocompatible theranostic agents. Finally, the review has been summarized with the current challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakhar Sengar
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ensenada, Baja California C.P. 22860, México
| | - Kanchan Chauhan
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ensenada, Baja California C.P. 22860, México
| | - Gustavo A Hirata
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ensenada, Baja California C.P. 22860, México.
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33
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Zhang W, Ji Z, Zeng Z, Jayapalan A, Bagra B, Sheardy A, He P, LaJeunesse DR, Wei J. Dark-Field Microscopic Study of Cellular Uptake of Carbon Nanodots: Nuclear Penetrability. Molecules 2022; 27:2437. [PMID: 35458634 PMCID: PMC9032144 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanodots are fascinating candidates for the field of biomedicine, in applications such as bioimaging and drug delivery. However, the nuclear penetrability and process are rarely studied and lack understanding, which limits their applications for drug carriers, single-molecule detection and live cell imaging. In this study, we attempt to examine the uptake of CNDs in cells with a focus on the potential nuclear penetrability using enhanced dark-field microscopy (EDFM) associated with hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to quantitatively determine the light scattering signals of CNDs in the cells. The effects of both CND incubation time and concentration are investigated, and plausible nuclear penetration involving the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is discussed. The experimental results and an analytical model demonstrate that the CNDs' uptake proceeds by a concentration-dependent three-stage behavior and saturates at a CND incubation concentration larger than 750 µg/mL, with a half-saturated concentration of 479 μg/mL. These findings would potentially help the development of CNDs' utilization in drug carriers, live cell imaging and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Zhang
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (W.Z.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (A.J.); (B.B.); (A.S.); (D.R.L.)
| | - Zuowei Ji
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (W.Z.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (A.J.); (B.B.); (A.S.); (D.R.L.)
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (W.Z.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (A.J.); (B.B.); (A.S.); (D.R.L.)
| | - Anitha Jayapalan
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (W.Z.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (A.J.); (B.B.); (A.S.); (D.R.L.)
| | - Bhawna Bagra
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (W.Z.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (A.J.); (B.B.); (A.S.); (D.R.L.)
| | - Alex Sheardy
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (W.Z.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (A.J.); (B.B.); (A.S.); (D.R.L.)
| | - Peng He
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Dennis R. LaJeunesse
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (W.Z.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (A.J.); (B.B.); (A.S.); (D.R.L.)
| | - Jianjun Wei
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (W.Z.); (Z.J.); (Z.Z.); (A.J.); (B.B.); (A.S.); (D.R.L.)
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Xiong J, Zhang H, Qin L, Zhang S, Cao J, Jiang H. Magnetic Fluorescent Quantum Dots Nanocomposites in Food Contaminants Analysis: Current Challenges and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084088. [PMID: 35456904 PMCID: PMC9028821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of food contaminants can cause foodborne illnesses, posing a severe threat to human health. Therefore, a rapid, sensitive, and convenient method for monitoring food contaminants is eagerly needed. The complex matrix interferences of food samples and poor performance of existing sensing probes bring significant challenges to improving detection performances. Nanocomposites with multifunctional features provide a solution to these problems. The combination of the superior characteristics of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and quantum dots (QDs) to fabricate magnetic fluorescent quantum dots (MNPs@QDs) nanocomposites are regarded as an ideal multifunctional probe for food contaminants analysis. The high-efficiency pretreatment and rapid fluorescence detection are concurrently integrated into one sensing platform using MNPs@QDs nanocomposites. In this review, the contemporary synthetic strategies to fabricate MNPs@QDs, including hetero-crystalline growth, template embedding, layer-by-layer assembly, microemulsion technique, and one-pot method, are described in detail, and their advantages and limitations are discussed. The recent advances of MNPs@QDs nanocomposites in detecting metal ions, foodborne pathogens, toxins, pesticides, antibiotics, and illegal additives are comprehensively introduced from the perspectives of modes and detection performances. The review ends with current challenges and opportunities in practical applications and prospects in food contaminants analysis, aiming to promote the enthusiasm for multifunctional sensing platform research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Xiong
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China; (J.X.); (H.Z.); (L.Q.); (S.Z.)
| | - Huixia Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China; (J.X.); (H.Z.); (L.Q.); (S.Z.)
| | - Linqian Qin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China; (J.X.); (H.Z.); (L.Q.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China; (J.X.); (H.Z.); (L.Q.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jiyue Cao
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China; (J.X.); (H.Z.); (L.Q.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6273-4478; Fax: +86-010-6273-1032
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35
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Gudimella KK, Gedda G, Kumar PS, Babu BK, Yamajala B, Rao BV, Singh PP, Kumar D, Sharma A. Novel synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from bio-based Carica Papaya Leaves: Optical and structural properties with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111854. [PMID: 34437850 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are prepared from a natural resource Carica Papaya Leaves, by sand bath method. The as-synthesized CDs optical and structural properties were characterized by UltraViolet-Visible, FT- IR, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Also the size, shape, and particle size distribution was studied using Transmission electron microscopy technique. These CDs were examined for biomedical applications like free radical scavenging activity using DPPH assay, antioxidant activity using phosphomolybdate assay, and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity using membrane stabilization protocol. The CDs exhibited excellent biological activities at lower concentrations and showed notable half-maximal effective concentration (EC50). The EC50 of free radical scavenging activity (27.6 μg/mL), antioxidant activity (23.00 μg/mL), and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity (15.52 μg/mL) signifies that CDs can be potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kanthi Gudimella
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University College of Engineering(A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530008, India; Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (Deemed to Be University), Rudraram, 502329, India
| | - Gangaraju Gedda
- Department of Basic Science, Vishnu Institute of Technology, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, 534202, A.P, India.
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India
| | - B K Babu
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University College of Engineering(A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530008, India
| | - Bhaskar Yamajala
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (Deemed to Be University), Rudraram, 502329, India
| | - Battula Venkateswara Rao
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University College of Engineering(A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530008, India
| | | | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Ajit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
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36
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Xia L, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhou K, Yuan L, Shi R, Zhang K, Fu Q. Sustainable and Green Synthesis of Waste-Biomass-Derived Carbon Dots for Parallel and Semi-Quantitative Visual Detection of Cr(VI) and Fe 3. Molecules 2022; 27:1258. [PMID: 35209046 PMCID: PMC8876948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dot (CD)-based multi-mode sensing has drawn much attention owing to its wider application range and higher availability compared with single-mode sensing. Herein, a simple and green methodology to construct a CD-based dual-mode fluorescent sensor from the waste biomass of flowers of wintersweet (FW-CDs) for parallel and semi-quantitative visual detection of Cr(VI) and Fe3+ was firstly reported. The FW-CD fluorescent probe had a high sensitivity to Cr(VI) and Fe3+ with wide ranges of linearity from 0.1 to 60 µM and 0.05 to 100 µM along with low detection limits (LOD) of 0.07 µM and 0.15 µM, respectively. Accordingly, the FW-CD-based dual-mode sensor had an excellent parallel sensing capacity toward Cr(VI) and Fe3+ with high selectivity and strong anti-interference capability by co-using dual-functional integration and dual-masking strategies. The developed parallel sensing platform was successfully applied to Cr(VI) and Fe3+ quantitative detection in real samples with high precision and good recovery. More importantly, a novel FW-CD-based fluorescent hydrogel sensor was fabricated and first applied in the parallel and semi-quantitative visual detection of Cr(VI) and ferrous ions in industrial effluent and iron supplements, further demonstrating the significant advantage of parallel and visual sensing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.Z.)
| | - Xiuju Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongren Polytechnic College, Tongren 554300, China;
| | - Yuanhua Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.Z.)
| | - Kai Zhou
- Analytical and Testing Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China;
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.Z.)
| | - Rui Shi
- Emergency Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Kailian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.Z.)
| | - Qifeng Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (K.Z.)
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37
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Fu L, Liu T, Yang F, Wu M, Yin C, Chen L, Niu N. A multi-channel array for metal ions discrimination with animal bones derived biomass carbon dots as sensing units. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Kaschuk JJ, Al Haj Y, Rojas OJ, Miettunen K, Abitbol T, Vapaavuori J. Plant-Based Structures as an Opportunity to Engineer Optical Functions in Next-Generation Light Management. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2104473. [PMID: 34699648 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review addresses the reconstruction of structural plant components (cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses) into materials displaying advanced optical properties. The strategies to isolate the main building blocks are discussed, and the effects of fibrillation, fibril alignment, densification, self-assembly, surface-patterning, and compositing are presented considering their role in engineering optical performance. Then, key elements that enable lignocellulosic to be translated into materials that present optical functionality, such as transparency, haze, reflectance, UV-blocking, luminescence, and structural colors, are described. Mapping the optical landscape that is accessible from lignocellulosics is shown as an essential step toward their utilization in smart devices. Advanced materials built from sustainable resources, including those obtained from industrial or agricultural side streams, demonstrate enormous promise in optoelectronics due to their potentially lower cost, while meeting or even exceeding current demands in performance. The requirements are summarized for the production and application of plant-based optically functional materials in different smart material applications and the review is concluded with a perspective about this active field of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joice Jaqueline Kaschuk
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Box 16300, Aalto, Espoo, 00076, Finland
| | - Yazan Al Haj
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Box 16300, Aalto, Espoo, 00076, Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Departments of Chemical Engineering, Department of Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kati Miettunen
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20500, Finland
| | - Tiffany Abitbol
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm, SE-114 28, Sweden
| | - Jaana Vapaavuori
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
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39
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Laghari SH, Memon N, Yar Khuhawer M, Jahangir TM. Fluorescent Carbon Dots and their Applications in Sensing of Small
Organic Molecules. CURR ANAL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411017999210120180236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Fluorescence-based sensing is considered highly sensitive and fluorescent probes with improved
properties are always desired. Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are newly emerging quasi-spherical nanoparticles of less than
10 nm in size and belong to the carbon nano-material’s family. CDs have great potential as fluorescent probes and currently
are under open deliberation by the researchers due to their striking properties such as low environmental hazard, high
selectivity, greater sensitivity, good biocompatibility, tunable fluorescent properties and excitation dependent multicolor
emission behavior.
Introduction:
This review demonstrates various available methods for fabrication of fluorescent CDs, capping of CDs and
characterization with various techniques including UV-visible, FT-IR, and TEM. Analytical applications using CDs for the
sensing of small organic molecules, specifically nitroaromatic compounds in the environmental samples are complied.
Methods:
The review covers literature related to synthesis and characterization of carbon dots. It includes around 171
research articles in this field.
Results:
Carbon dots can be synthesized using numerous routes. In all cases CDs possess spectral properties with little
variation in wavelength maxima. Optical properties of CDs can be tuned by compositing these with metallic quantum dots
or by modifying their surface with desired functionalities. HR-TEM is needed to see the morphology and size of particles
whereas UV-Visible and FTIR are indispensable tools for this kind of research. These particles are successfully applied to
sense small molecules in some matrices.
Conclusion:
Carbon dots are bright stars in fluorescent sensing of small molecules. However, more research is needed to
determine small organic molecules in diversified areas of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakib Hussain Laghari
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Najma Memon
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yar Khuhawer
- Institute of
Advance Research in Chemical Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Taj Muhammad Jahangir
- Institute of
Advance Research in Chemical Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
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40
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Getachew G, Korupalli C, Rasal AS, Dirersa WB, Fahmi MZ, Chang JY. Highly Luminescent, Stable, and Red-Emitting CsMg xPb 1-xI 3 Quantum Dots for Dual-Modal Imaging-Guided Photodynamic Therapy and Photocatalytic Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:278-296. [PMID: 34962372 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, for the first time, red-emitting CsMgxPb1-xI3 quantum dots (QDs) are prepared by doping with magnesium (Mg) ions via the one-pot microwave pyrolysis technique. The X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results have confirmed partial substitution of Pb2+ by Mg2+ inside the CsPbI3 framework. The as-synthesized CsMgxPb1-xI3 QDs have exhibited excellent morphology, higher quantum yield (upto ∼89%), better photostability and storage stability than undoped CsPbI3. Next, the bioavailability of as-synthesized hydrophobic CsMgxPb1-xI3 QDs is improved by encapsulating them into gadolinium-conjugated pluronic 127 (PF127-Gd) micelles through hydrophobic interactions (PQD@Gd). The optical properties of perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) and the presence of Gd could endow the PQD@Gd with fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and phototherapeutic properties. Accordingly, the MRI contrasting effects of PQD@Gd nanoagents are demonstrated by employing T1 and T2 studies, which validated that PQD@Gd nanoagents had superior MR contrasting effect with a r2/r1 ratio of 1.38. In vitro MRI and fluorescence imaging analyses have shown that the PQD@Gd nanoagents are internalized into the cancer cells via a caveolae-mediated endocytosis pathway. The PQD@Gd nanoagents have exhibited excellent biocompatibility even at concentrations as high as 450 ppm. Interestingly, the as-prepared PQD@Gd nanoagents have efficiently produced cytotoxic reactive oxygen species in the cancer cells under 671 nm laser illumination and thereby induced cell death. Moreover, the PQD@Gd nanoagent also demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activity toward organic pollutants under visible light irradiation. The organic pollutants rhodamine b, methyl orange, and methylene blue were degraded by 92.11, 89.21, and 76.21%, respectively, under 60, 80, and 100 min, respectively, irradiation time. The plausible mechanism for the photocatalytic activity is also elucidated. Overall, this work proposes a novel strategy to enhance the optical properties, stability, and bioapplicability of PQDs. The multifunctional PQD@Gd nanoagents developed in this study could be the potential choice of components not only for cancer therapy due to dual-modal imaging and photodynamic therapeutic properties but also for organic pollutant or bacterial removal due to excellent photocatalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girum Getachew
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chiranjeevi Korupalli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Akash S Rasal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Worku Batu Dirersa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mochamad Z Fahmi
- Department of Chemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Jia-Yaw Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Taiwan Building Technology Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan, Republic of China
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41
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Wu J, Chen G, Jia Y, Ji C, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Leblanc RM, Peng Z. Carbon dot composites for bioapplications: a review. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:843-869. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02446a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advancements in the synthesis of carbon dot composites and their applications in biomedical fields (bioimaging, drug delivery and biosensing) have been carefully summarized. The current challenges and future trends of CD composites in this field have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wu
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Gonglin Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinnong Jia
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Ji
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Roger M. Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Zhili Peng
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
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42
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Cui L, Ren X, Sun M, Liu H, Xia L. Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3419. [PMID: 34947768 PMCID: PMC8705349 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are known as the rising star of carbon-based nanomaterials and, by virtue of their unique structure and fascinating properties, they have attracted considerable interest in different fields such as biological sensing, drug delivery, photodynamic therapy, photocatalysis, and solar cells in recent years. Particularly, the outstanding electronic and optical properties of the CDs have attracted increasing attention in biomedical and photocatalytic applications owing to their low toxicity, biocompatibility, excellent photostability, tunable fluorescence, outstanding efficient up-converted photoluminescence behavior, and photo-induced electron transfer ability. This article reviews recent progress on the synthesis routes and optical properties of CDs as well as biomedical and photocatalytic applications. Furthermore, we discuss an outlook on future and potential development of the CDs based biosensor, biological dye, biological vehicle, and photocatalysts in this booming research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cui
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation, Yingkou Institute of Technology, Yingkou 115014, China;
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Yuanyang Branch Department, Beijing Jingshan School, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Xin Ren
- International Department, Beijing No. 12 High School, Beijing 100071, China;
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation, Yingkou Institute of Technology, Yingkou 115014, China;
| | - Lixin Xia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation, Yingkou Institute of Technology, Yingkou 115014, China;
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43
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Moradi M, Molaei R, Kousheh SA, T Guimarães J, McClements DJ. Carbon dots synthesized from microorganisms and food by-products: active and smart food packaging applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1943-1959. [PMID: 34898337 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2015283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is rapidly becoming a commercial reality for application in food packaging. In particular, the incorporation of nanoparticles into packaging materials is being used to increase the shelf life and safety of foods. Carbon dots (C-dots) have a diverse range of potential applications in food packaging. They can be synthesized from environmentally friendly sources such as microorganisms, food by-products, and waste streams, or they may be generated in foods during normal processing operations, such as cooking. These processes often produce nitrogen- and sulfur-rich heteroatom-doped C-dots, which are beneficial for certain applications. The incorporation of C-dots into food packaging materials can improve their mechanical, barrier, and preservative properties. Indeed, C-dots have been used as antioxidant, antimicrobial, photoluminescent, and UV-light blocker additives in food packaging materials to reduce the chemical deterioration and inhibit the growth of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in foods. This article reviews recent progress on the synthesis of C-dots from microorganisms and food by-products of animal origin. It then highlights their potential application for the development of active and intelligent food packaging materials. Finally, a discussion of current challenges and future trends is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Moradi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rahim Molaei
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Alaleh Kousheh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Jonas T Guimarães
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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Das P, Ganguly S, Margel S, Gedanken A. Tailor made magnetic nanolights: fabrication to cancer theranostics applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:6762-6796. [PMID: 36132370 PMCID: PMC9419279 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00447f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles having magnetic and fluorescent properties could be considered as a gift to materials scientists due to their unique magneto-optical qualities. Multiple component particles can overcome challenges related with a single component and unveil bifunctional/multifunctional features that can enlarge their applications in diagnostic imaging agents and therapeutic delivery vehicles. Bifunctional nanoparticles that have both luminescent and magnetic features are termed as magnetic nanolights. Herein, we present recent progress of magneto-fluorescent nanoparticles (quantum dots based magnetic nanoparticles, Janus particles, and heterocrystalline fluorescent magnetic materials), comprehensively describing fabrication strategies, types, and biomedical applications. In this review, our aim is not only to encompass the preparation strategies of these special types of magneto-fluorescent nanomaterials but also their extensive applications in bioimaging techniques, cancer therapy (targeted and hyperthermic), and sustained release of active agents (drugs, proteins, antibodies, hormones, enzymes, growth factors).
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Affiliation(s)
- Poushali Das
- Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
- Departments of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
| | - Sayan Ganguly
- Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
- Departments of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
| | - Shlomo Margel
- Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
- Departments of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Bar-Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
- Departments of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
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Lazar G, Nekvapil F, Hirian R, Glamuzina B, Tamas T, Barbu-Tudoran L, Pinzaru SC. Novel Drug Carrier: 5-Fluorouracil Formulation in Nanoporous Biogenic Mg-calcite from Blue Crab Shells-Proof of Concept. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27781-27790. [PMID: 34722978 PMCID: PMC8552355 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ever-growing demand for novel, cheaper, and more effective drugs has put nanomedicine and targeted drug delivery to the forefront of scientific innovation. Owing to its porous three-dimensional (3D)-nanostructure and properties, the biogenic calcite from wasted blue crab shells is employed in the present work as a new drug carrier for 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a drug widely used in cancer therapy. The drug solution has been loaded in the porous nanoarchitecture of the powdered biogenic material and further pelleted in tablets with a 5-FU concentration of 1.748 mg/g. Their structural and morphological properties were characterized using Raman, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Confocal micro-Raman spectra of tablet surface showed a typical signal of biogenic carbonate with preserved carotenoids and carotenoproteins found in the native waste shell, while the drug Raman signal was absent, indicating its adsorption in the intricate nanoporous biogenic carrier. The slow release of the drug from the newly formulated tablet was investigated by tracking the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal of the tablet solution in a series of time-dependent experiments. The SERS signal quantification is achieved using the well-known SERS spectral fingerprint of 5-fluorouracil aqueous solution adsorbed on Ag nanoparticles. The proof of concept is demonstrated by quantifying the slow release of the drug through the characteristic SERS band intensity of 5-FU in a time course of 26 h. This proof of concept boosted further investigations concerning the released drug identity in simulated solutions that mimic the pH of the upper- and lower gastrointestinal tract, as well as the multiple possibilities to control porosity and composition during powdering and treatment of biogenic material, to achieve the most convenient formulation for relevant biomedical drug delivery. Nonetheless, the present results showed great promise for innovative reusing waste biogenic 3D-nanomaterials of aquatic origin as advantageous drug carriers for slow release purposes, in line with the concept of blue bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geza Lazar
- Biomolecular
Physics Department, Babes Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute
for Research, Development and Innovation in Applied Natural Science, Fântânele 30, 400327 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Fran Nekvapil
- Biomolecular
Physics Department, Babes Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute
for Research, Development and Innovation in Applied Natural Science, Fântânele 30, 400327 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Razvan Hirian
- Babes
Bolyai University, Faculty of Physics, Kogalniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Branko Glamuzina
- Department
of Aquaculture, University of Dubrovnik, Ćira Carića 4, 20 000 Dubrovnik, Croatia
| | - Tudor Tamas
- Department
of Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Kogălniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucian Barbu-Tudoran
- Electron
Microscopy Centre, Babes;-Bolyai University, Clinicilor 5-7, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Advanced
Research and Technology Center for Alternative Energy, National Institute for Research and Development of
Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Cinta Pinzaru
- Biomolecular
Physics Department, Babes Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute
for Research, Development and Innovation in Applied Natural Science, Fântânele 30, 400327 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Wang Y, Zhang M, Shen X, Wang H, Wang H, Xia K, Yin Z, Zhang Y. Biomass-Derived Carbon Materials: Controllable Preparation and Versatile Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2008079. [PMID: 34142431 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202008079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-derived carbon materials (BCMs) are encountering the most flourishing moment because of their versatile properties and wide potential applications. Numerous BCMs, including 0D carbon spheres and dots, 1D carbon fibers and tubes, 2D carbon sheets, 3D carbon aerogel, and hierarchical carbon materials have been prepared. At the same time, their structure-property relationship and applications have been widely studied. This paper aims to present a review on the recent advances in the controllable preparation and potential applications of BCMs, providing a reference for future work. First, the chemical compositions of typical biomass and their thermal degradation mechanisms are presented. Then, the typical preparation methods of BCMs are summarized and the relevant structural management rules are discussed. Besides, the strategies for improving the structural diversity of BCMs are also presented and discussed. Furthermore, the applications of BCMs in energy, sensing, environment, and other areas are reviewed. Finally, the remaining challenges and opportunities in the field of BCMs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Huimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Haomin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Kailun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Yin
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Khayal A, Dawane V, Amin MA, Tirth V, Yadav VK, Algahtani A, Khan SH, Islam S, Yadav KK, Jeon BH. Advances in the Methods for the Synthesis of Carbon Dots and Their Emerging Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3190. [PMID: 34578091 PMCID: PMC8469539 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutting-edge technologies are making inroads into new areas and this remarkable progress has been successfully influenced by the tiny level engineering of carbon dots technology, their synthesis advancement and impressive applications in the field of allied sciences. The advances of science and its conjugation with interdisciplinary fields emerged in carbon dots making, their controlled characterization and applications into faster, cheaper as well as more reliable products in various scientific domains. Thus, a new era in nanotechnology has developed into carbon dots technology. The understanding of the generation process, control on making processes and selected applications of carbon dots such as energy storage, environmental monitoring, catalysis, contaminates detections and complex environmental forensics, drug delivery, drug targeting and other biomedical applications, etc., are among the most promising applications of carbon dots and thus it is a prominent area of research today. In this regard, various types of carbon dot nanomaterials such as oxides, their composites and conjugations, etc., have been garnering significant attention due to their remarkable potential in this prominent area of energy, the environment and technology. Thus, the present paper highlights the role and importance of carbon dots, recent advancements in their synthesis methods, properties and emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areeba Khayal
- Industrial Chemistry Section, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Vinars Dawane
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India;
| | - Mohammed A. Amin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Vineet Tirth
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61411, Saudi Arabia or (V.T.); (A.A.)
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University Guraiger, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Algahtani
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61411, Saudi Arabia or (V.T.); (A.A.)
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University Guraiger, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samreen Heena Khan
- Centre of Research and Development, YNC ENVIS PRIVATE LIMITED, New Delhi 110059, India;
| | - Saiful Islam
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad 462044, India;
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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Arias Velasco V, Caicedo Chacón WD, Carvajal Soto AM, Ayala Valencia G, Granada Echeverri JC, Agudelo Henao AC. Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Carbohydrates as Nano Sensors for Food Quality and Safety. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Arias Velasco
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Palmira Palmira AA 237 Colombia
| | - Wilson D. Caicedo Chacón
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040–900 Brazil
| | - Angélica M. Carvajal Soto
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Palmira Palmira AA 237 Colombia
| | - Germán Ayala Valencia
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040–900 Brazil
| | - Juan C. Granada Echeverri
- Physics Department and Centre for Bioinformatics and Photonics CIBioFi, Universidad del Valle Cali AA 25360 Colombia
| | - Ana C. Agudelo Henao
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Palmira Palmira AA 237 Colombia
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Synergic fabrication of combination therapy of Irinotecan and 5-Fluorouracil encapsulated polymeric nanoparticles for the treatment of gastric cancer therapy. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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50
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Lin F, Liu H, Zhou Q, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Feng Y, Li J. Amphiphilic alginate-based fluorescent polymer nanoparticles: Fabrication and multifunctional applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:2152-2161. [PMID: 34097965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alginate has been widely applied in various biological systems due to its great biocompatibility. Endowing it fluorescent imaging would make people to further understand its complex structure, process and mechanism. In this work, amphiphilic alginate conjugated with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) moiety fluorescent polymer was successfully fabricated through the Ugi one-pot condensation. The synthetic polymer particles were fully evaluated by various characterizations including 1H NMR, FTIR, fluorescent spectroscopies, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These amphiphilic alginate particles showed great multicolor fluorescence emission in both solid and solution states. The corresponding biological evaluation results confirmed that the fluorescent biopolymer showed excellent biocompatibility and desirable bioimaging property. Particularly, the leaf stomata were directly visualized using the amphiphilic AIE-active alginate biopolymer. Furthermore, the alginate-based polymer can also be employed as the drug carrier for hydrophobic curcumin. These results indicated that our synthetic AIE-active alginate particles might provide great potential for the further utilization of alginate in the understanding of various relative biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haifang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qichang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan, Haikou 570228, China.
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