1
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Hannibal VD, Greb L. Tetra-Amido Macrocyclic Ligand (TAML) at Silicon(IV): A Structurally Constrained, Water-Soluble Silicon Lewis Superacid. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39223943 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Tetracoordinate silicon species are typically tetrahedral, weak Lewis acids, and often sensitive to moisture. In this study, we present a tetra-amido macrocyclic ligand (TAML)-substituted Si(IV), isolated as its bis(pyridine) adduct. Due to structural constraint toward anti van't-Hof/Le Bel geometry, this compound exhibits Lewis superacidity and effectively catalyzes the hydroboration of pyridine. Kinetic and computational analyses of the catalytic cycle reveal that TAML-Si(IV) acts as a hydride transfer agent, and the hydrido silicate key intermediate is isolated. Notably, the Lewis acid is highly soluble (5 g/L) and long-term stable in water. Unlike previously described silicon-H2O adducts, the bound water becomes substantially acidified, reaching the Bro̷nsted superacidity range. A comparison of water affinity versus pKa lowering confirms our previous theory of the strength and the effect of Lewis acids. Overall, the compound's unlimited water compatibility and its mechanistically understood catalytic efficiency mark significant progress in applying structural constraint strategies for p-block element-based catalysis, while the acidification touches critical aspects of zeolite and silica surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin D Hannibal
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Lutz Greb
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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2
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Kumawat S, Dey S, Natte K. Ammonia-Borane Dependent Transfer Hydrogenation of Carboxylic Esters to Primary Alcohols. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10719-10728. [PMID: 38987996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Here, we present a user-friendly protocol that uses bench-stable NH3·BH3 (AB) as the hydrogen transfer agent for the reduction of both aromatic and aliphatic esters without an external catalyst and base, delivering a structurally diverse array of primary alcohols (80-98% yields). The broad functional-group tolerance (halogen, boronic ester, -NO2, -OH, etc.) under environmentally acceptable conditions implies high practical utility. Further, a tandem catalytic conversion of a plastic waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle to 1,4-benzenedimethanol including fatty esters into respective fatty alcohols was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumawat
- Laboratory for Sustainable Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502 285, Telangana, India
| | - Suravi Dey
- Laboratory for Sustainable Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502 285, Telangana, India
| | - Kishore Natte
- Laboratory for Sustainable Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502 285, Telangana, India
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3
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Rajput S, Sahoo RK, Sarkar N, Nembenna S. Gallium Hydride-Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration of Unsaturated Organic Substrates. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300737. [PMID: 38437065 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The first examples of tetrasubstituted conjugated bis-guanidinate (CBG) supported monomeric and thermally stable gallium dihalides [LGaX2], (X=Cl (Ga-Cl), I (Ga-I)) and dihydride (Ga-H) [LGaH2] (where L={(ArHN)(ArN)-C=N-C=(NAr)(NHAr)}; Ar=2,6-Et2-C6H3) compounds are reported. The reaction of in situ generated LLi with 1.0 equiv. GaX3 (X=Cl, I) afforded compounds Ga-Cl and Ga-I. The reaction between Ga-Cl and Li[HBEt3] in benzene yielded the dihydride compound Ga-H. All reported compounds (Ga-Cl, Ga-I, and Ga-H) were characterized by NMR, HRMS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Ga-H was probed for the hydroboration of carbodiimides (CDI), isocyanates, and isothiocyanates with HBpin. Compound Ga-H was also found effective for the catalytic hydroboration of imines, nitriles, alkynes, esters, and formates, affording the corresponding products in quantitative yields. Stoichiometric reactions with a CDI were performed to establish the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagrika Rajput
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
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4
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Duan Y, Zheng Z, Yu Z, Sun S, Lin B, Liu X, Liu P. Catalyst-Free α- trans-Selective Hydroboration and ( E)-Selective Deuterated Semihydrogenation of Alkynyl Sulfones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:8326-8333. [PMID: 38817078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Here, we present a straightforward α-trans-selective hydroboration of alkynyl sulfones with NHC-boranes without the need for a catalyst. This reaction is compatible with a wide range of substrates for efficiently producing structurally diverse α-borylated vinyl sulfones in satisfactory yields. The hydride transfer from NHC-borane 2a to alkynyl triflone 1b is studied by density functional theory (DFT) calculations for trans-hydroboration. Moreover, a regiodivergent deuterated semihydrogenation of alkynyl triflones has also been developed using D2O as the deuterium source. A variety of diversity-oriented D-containing vinyl triflones were prepared in good to excellent yields with excellent deuterium incorporation ratios. Synthetic manipulations of the deuterated products are achieved for the conversion into valuable deuterated molecules, indicating the utility of this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunnan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhouqing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhiwei Yu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shitao Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bin Lin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaozu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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5
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Réant BLL, Whitehead GFS, Mehta M. Zintl Clusters as a Platform for Lewis Acid Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 38814137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Clusters of the main group elements phosphorus and arsenic, commonly categorized as Zintl clusters, have been known for over a century. And, only now is the application of these systems as catalysts for organic synthesis being investigated. In this work, boranes are tethered via an aliphatic linker to Zintl-based clusters and their Lewis acidity is examined experimentally, by the Gutmann-Beckett test and competency in the hydroborative reduction of six organic substrates, as well as computationally, by fluoride ion affinity and hydride ion affinity methods. The effects of tuning the aliphatic linker length, substituents at the boron, and changing the cluster from a seven-atom phosphorus system to a seven-atom arsenic system on reactivity are studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L L Réant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - George F S Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Meera Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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6
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Tian L, Song X, Liu Y, Zhang C, Shi L, Chen Q, Deng Y, Cui W, Shan S, Hu T. Defect-engineering improves the activity of Metal-Organic frameworks for catalyzing hydroboration of Alkynes: A combination of experimental investigation and Density functional theory calculations. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:263-275. [PMID: 38354554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Defect-engineered metal-organic frameworks (DEMOFs) are emerging advanced materials. The construction of DEMOFs is of great significance; however, DEMOF-based catalysis remains unexplored. (E)-vinylboronates, an important building block for asymmetric synthesis, can be synthesized via the hydroboration of alkynes. However, the lack of high-performance catalysts considerably hinders their synthesis. Herein, a series of DEHKUST-1 (HKUST = Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (Da-f) catalysts with missing occupation of linkers at Cu nodes were designed by partially replacing benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (H3BTC) with defective connectors of pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate (PYDC) to efficiently promote the hydroboration of alkynes. Results showed that the Dd containing 0.8 doping ratio of PYDC exhibited remarkable catalytic activity than the defect-free HKUST-1. This originated from the improved accessibility for reactants towards the Lewis acid active Cu sites of DEHKUST-1 due to the presence of plenty of rooms next to the Cu sites and enhanced coordination ability in such 'defective' HKUST-1. Dd had high selectivity (>99 %) and yield (>96 %) for (E)-vinylboronates and extensive functional group compatibility for terminal alkynes. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the mechanism of hydroboration. Compared with that of defect-free HKUST-1, the low energy barrier of DEHKUST-1 can be attributed to the lower coordination number of Cu sites and enhanced accessibility of Cu active sites towards reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Tian
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Song
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Churu Zhang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Lan Shi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Qinglin Chen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yanyan Deng
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Weigang Cui
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Shaoyun Shan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Tianding Hu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China.
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7
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Ebeler F, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Ghadwal RS. Divergent Reactivity of a Cyclic Bis-Hydridostannylene: A Masked Sn(I) Diradicaloid. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400382. [PMID: 38294490 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Herein, reactivity studies of a cyclic bis-hydridostannylene [(ADC)SnH]2 (1-H2) (ADC=PhC{(NDipp)C}2; Dipp=2,6-iPr2C6H3) with various unsaturated organic substrates are reported. Reactions of terminal alkynes (RC≡CH) with 1-H2 afford mixed acetylide-vinyl-functionalized bis-stannylenes via dehydrogenation and hydrostannylation. Treatment of 1-H2 with PhC≡CCH3 gives a unique distannabarrelene via dehydrogenative C(sp3)-H stannylation and hydrostannylation of the C≡CCH3 moiety. 1-H2 undergoes dehydrogenative [2+2]-cycloaddition reactions with diphenylacetylene, azobenzene, acetone, benzophenone, and benzaldehyde to form the 1,4-distannabarrelene derivatives. The elimination of H2 in these reactions suggests the masked-diradical property of 1-H2. In fact, these [2+2]-cycloaddition products are also accessible on treatments of the Sn(I) diradicaloid [(ADC)Sn]2 (1) with appropriate reagents. All compounds have been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the catalytic activity of 1-H2 has been shown for the hydroboration of unsaturated substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Ebeler
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Rajendra S Ghadwal
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstrasse 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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8
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Kapp L, Wölper C, Siera H, Haberhauer G, Schulz S. Catalytic hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones with an electron-rich acyclic metallasilylene. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4161-4170. [PMID: 38487240 PMCID: PMC10935726 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06842k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of main group metal complexes in catalytic reactions is of increasing interest. Here we show that the electron-rich, acyclic metallasilylene L'(Cl)GaSiL C (L' = HC[C(Me)NDipp]2, Dipp = 2,6-iPr2C6H3; L = PhC(NtBu)2) acts as a precatalyst in the hydroboration of aldehydes with HBPin. Mechanistic studies with iso-valeraldehyde show that silylene C first reacts with the aldehyde with [2 + 1] cycloaddition in an oxidative addition to the oxasilirane 1, followed by formation of the alkoxysilylene LSiOCH[Ga(Cl)L']CH2CHMe2 (2), whose formation formally results from a reductive elimination reaction at the Si center. Alkoxysilylene 2 represents the active hydroboration catalyst and shows the highest catalytic activity with n-hexanal (reaction time: 40 min, yield: >99%, TOF = 150 h-1) at room temperature with a catalytic load of only 1 mol%. Furthermore, the hydroboration reaction catalysed by alkoxysilylene 2 is a living reaction with good chemoselectivity. Quantum chemical calculations not only provide mechanistic insights into the formation of alkoxysilylene 2 but also show that two completely different hydroboration mechanisms are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Kapp
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Hannah Siera
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7 45117 Essen Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Be Germany
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9
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Yan B, Ma X, Pang Z, Yang Z. Chemoselective Luche-type reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketones by aluminium hydride catalysis. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4127-4131. [PMID: 38315772 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03987k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
A novel, simple, eco-friendly, non-toxic aluminium catalyst was synthesised for the chemoselective reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketones. A wide range of ketones were achieved with excellent yields, mild conditions, and low catalyst loading. Furthermore, this unprecedented method allowed for the stereoselective reduction of natural ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyuan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
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10
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Bermejo J, Ortega-Lepe I, Santos LL, Rendón N, López-Serrano J, Álvarez E, Suárez A. Nitrous oxide activation by picoline-derived Ni-CNP hydrides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1575-1578. [PMID: 38230654 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05455a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen atom transfer (OAT) from N2O to the Ni-H bond of proton-responsive picoline-derived CNP nickel complexes has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. These Ni-CNP complexes efficiently catalyse the reduction of N2O with pinacolborane (HBpin) under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Bermejo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Isabel Ortega-Lepe
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Laura L Santos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Nuria Rendón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Andrés Suárez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
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11
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Doan SH, Mai BK, Nguyen TV. Moisture-Assisted Hydroboration of Nitriles and Conversion Thereof to N-Heterocyles and N-Containing Derivatives. Org Lett 2023; 25:8981-8986. [PMID: 38081763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The recent revelation of hidden-borane catalysis has revolutionized the field of catalytic hydroboration in organic synthesis. Many nucleophilic reaction promoters, previously believed to be the catalysts, in fact primarily facilitated the formation of borane (BH3), which subsequently acted as the true catalyst. This revelation prompted us to explore the untapped potential of these unexpected transformations, with a view to simplify hydroboration using more cost-effective and environmentally friendly nucleophilic precatalysts. Via computational studies, we were able to identify that water can actually undertake that role. Herein, we report a study on the simple hydroboration of nitriles, a notoriously challenging yet synthetically valuable class of substrates, using nothing more than moisture as an activating agent. This moisture-assisted nitrile hydroboration process can seamlessly integrate with a range of downstream transformations in a one-pot fashion to produce valuable N-containing products such as symmetrical imines, thioureas, and bis(alcohol)amines as well as N-heterocycles such as pyrroles, pyridines, pyridinium salts, 2-iminothiazolines, and carbazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son Hoai Doan
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Thanh Vinh Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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12
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Nad P, Mukherjee A. A Lewis Acid-Base Pair Catalyzed Dearomative Transformation of Unprotected Indoles via B-H Bond Activation. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300714. [PMID: 37811913 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
A sustainable and metal-free protocol has been described for the reduction of unprotected indoles. The catalytic system consists of B(C6 F5 )3 and THF as a Lewis acid-base pair that can activate the B-H bond of pincolborane (HBpin). The catalytic system encompasses a broad substrate scope. Control experiments were conducted to understand the possible catalytic intermediates involved during the present protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Nad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai GEC Campus, Sejbahar, Raipur, 492015, Chhattisgarh (India
| | - Arup Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai GEC Campus, Sejbahar, Raipur, 492015, Chhattisgarh (India
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13
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Bhawar R, Saini S, Patil KS, Nagaraju DH, Bose SK. Synthesis of Alkyl and Aryl Boronate Esters via CeO 2-Catalyzed Borylation of Alkyl and Aryl Electrophiles Including Alkyl Chlorides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16270-16279. [PMID: 37957832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
A recyclable protocol using a CeO2-nanorod catalyst for borylation of alkyl halides with B2pin2 (pin = OCMe2CMe2O) is reported. A wide range of synthetically useful alkyl boronate esters are readily obtained from primary and secondary alkyl electrophiles, including unactivated alkyl chlorides, demonstrating broad utility and functional group tolerance. Preliminary investigation revealed an involvement of in situ formed catalytically active boryl species. The catalyst can be reused for up to six runs without appreciable loss in activity. In addition, we have demonstrated the use of this recyclable catalyst for the borylation of aryl halides with B2pin2, providing valuable aryl boronate esters under neat conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Bhawar
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, 562112, India
| | - Suresh Saini
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, 562112, India
| | - Kiran S Patil
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, 562112, India
| | - D H Nagaraju
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, Reva University, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Shubhankar Kumar Bose
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, 562112, India
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14
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Nad P, Mukherjee A. Metal-free C-H Borylation and Hydroboration of Indoles. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:37623-37640. [PMID: 37867714 PMCID: PMC10586279 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The C-H borylation and hydroboration reactions have emerged as promising synthetic tools to construct organoboron compounds. Organoboron compounds of N-heterocycles, particularly indole derivatives, have found widespread application in a variety of fields. As a result, considerable advancement in the area of C-H borylation and hydroboration reactions of indoles was observed in the last few decades. Among the various synthetic methods applied, the metal-free approach has received special attention. This mini-review discusses the recent progress in the area of C-H borylation and hydroboration reactions of indoles under metal-free conditions, their scope, and brief mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Nad
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bhilai, GEC Campus, Sejbahar, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492015, India
| | - Arup Mukherjee
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bhilai, GEC Campus, Sejbahar, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492015, India
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15
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van IJzendoorn B, Whittingham JBM, Whitehead GFS, Kaltsoyannis N, Mehta M. A robust Zintl cluster for the catalytic reduction of pyridines, imines and nitriles. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13787-13796. [PMID: 37721024 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02896h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite p-block clusters being known for over a century, their application as catalysts to mediate organic transformations is underexplored. Here, the boron functionalized [P7] cluster [(BBN)P7]2- ([1]2-; BBN = 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane) is applied in the dearomatized reduction of pyridines, as well as the hydroboration of imines and nitriles. These transformations afford amine products, which are important precursors to pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and polymers. Catalyst [1]2- has high stability in these reductions: recycling nine times in quinoline hydroboration led to virtually no loss in catalyst performance. The catalyst can also be recycled between two different organic transformations, again with no loss in catalyst competency. The mechanism for pyridine reduction was probed experimentally using variable time normalization analysis, and computationally using density functional theory. This work demonstrates that Zintl clusters can mediate the reduction of nitrogen containing substrates in a transition metal-free manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bono van IJzendoorn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | | | - George F S Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Nikolas Kaltsoyannis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Meera Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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16
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Henry AT, Nanan DAR, Baines KM. Expanding the scope of bis(catecholato)germane catalysis: hydrosilylation, hydroboration, Friedel-Crafts alkylation and oligomerization. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:10363-10371. [PMID: 37463007 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01945d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Various applications of bis(catecholato)germanes in catalysis were examined. The hydrosilylation of benzaldehydes, hydroboration of phenylacetylene derivatives, and Friedel-Crafts alkylation using arylalkenes and either diphenylamine or anisole was achieved. Furthermore, the recently reported oligomerization of α-methylstyrene catalyzed by bis(catecholato)germanes with weak donor ligands was examined further. The formation of a trimer species was observed in DCM. VTNA and Hammett analyses of the oligomerization reaction were conducted and an updated mechanism for bis(catecholato)germane catalysis is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Henry
- The Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Dana A R Nanan
- The Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Kim M Baines
- The Department of Chemistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada.
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17
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Zhang G, Cramer N. Reductive Asymmetric Aza-Mislow-Evans Rearrangement by 1,3,2-Diazaphospholene Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301076. [PMID: 36820495 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
1,3,2-diazaphospholene hydrides (DAP-H) enable smooth conjugate reduction of polarized double bonds. The transiently formed phosphorus-enolate provides a potential platform for reductive α-functionalizations. In this respect, asymmetric C-heteroatom bond forming processes are synthetically appealing but remain elusive. We report a 1,3,2-diazaphospholene-catalyzed three-step cascade reaction of N-sulfinyl acrylamides comprised of conjugate reduction, [2,3]-sigmatropic aza-Mislow-Evans rearrangement and subsequent S-O bond cleavage. The obtained enantio-enriched α-hydroxy amides are formed in good yields and excellent enantiospecificity. The stereo-defined P-bound N,O-ketene aminal ensures an excellent transfer of chirality from the sulfur stereocenter to α-carbon. The transformation operates under mild conditions at ambient temperature. Moreover, DAP-H is a competent reductant for the cleavage of formed sulfenate ester, eliminating the extra step in traditional Mislow-Evans processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoting Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), EPFL SB ISIC LCSA, BCH 4305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolai Cramer
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), EPFL SB ISIC LCSA, BCH 4305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Kumar R, Sharma V, Banerjee S, Vanka K, Sen SS. Controlled reduction of isocyanates to formamides using monomeric magnesium. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2255-2258. [PMID: 36748261 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00036b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a transition metal-free methodology involving an efficient and controlled reduction of isocyanates to only formamide derivatives using pinacolborane (HBpin) as the hydrogenating agent and a bis(phosphino)carbazole ligand stabilized magnesium methyl complex (1) as the catalyst. A large number of substrates undergo selective hydroboration and give exclusively N-boryl formamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Subhrashis Banerjee
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Sakya S Sen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Ghaziabad 201002, India
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19
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Prey SE, Herok C, Fantuzzi F, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Engels B, Wagner M. Multifaceted behavior of a doubly reduced arylborane in B-H-bond activation and hydroboration catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:849-860. [PMID: 36755708 PMCID: PMC9890859 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05518j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkali-metal salts of 9,10-dimethyl-9,10-dihydro-9,10-diboraanthrancene (M2[DBA-Me2]; M+ = Li+, Na+, K+) activate the H-B bond of pinacolborane (HBpin) in THF already at room temperature. For M+ = Na+, K+, the addition products M2[4] are formed, which contain one new H-B and one new B-Bpin bond; for M+ = Li+, the H- ion is instantaneously transferred from the DBA-Me2 unit to another equivalent of HBpin to afford Li[5]. Although Li[5] might commonly be considered a [Bpin]- adduct of neutral DBA-Me2, it donates a [Bpin]+ cation to Li[SiPh3], generating the silyl borane Ph3Si-Bpin; Li2[DBA-Me2] with an aromatic central B2C4 ring acts as the leaving group. Furthermore, Li2[DBA-Me2] catalyzes the hydroboration of various unsaturated substrates with HBpin in THF. Quantum-chemical calculations complemented by in situ NMR spectroscopy revealed two different mechanistic scenarios that are governed by the steric demand of the substrate used: in the case of the bulky Ph(H)C[double bond, length as m-dash]NtBu, the reaction requires elevated temperatures of 100 °C, starts with H-Bpin activation which subsequently generates Li[BH4], so that the mechanism eventually turns into "hidden borohydride catalysis". Ph(H)C[double bond, length as m-dash]NPh, Ph2C[double bond, length as m-dash]O, Ph2C[double bond, length as m-dash]CH2, and iPrN[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]NiPr undergo hydroboration already at room temperature. Here, the active hydroboration catalyst is the [4 + 2] cycloadduct between the respective substrate and Li2[DBA-Me2]: in the key step, attack of HBpin on the bridging unit opens the bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene scaffold and gives the activated HBpin adduct of the Lewis-basic moiety that was previously coordinated to the DBA-B atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven E. Prey
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität FrankfurtFrankfurt am Main D-60438Germany
| | - Christoph Herok
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Würzburg D-97074 Germany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Würzburg D-97074 Germany .,School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent Canterbury CT2 7NH UK
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main D-60438 Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main D-60438 Germany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Würzburg D-97074 Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main D-60438 Germany
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20
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Sahoo RK, Sarkar N, Nembenna S. Intermediates, Isolation and Mechanistic Insights into Zinc Hydride-Catalyzed 1,2-Regioselective Hydrofunctionalization of N-Heteroarenes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:304-317. [PMID: 36571301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The conjugated bis-guanidinate-supported zinc hydride [{LZnH}2; L = {(ArHN) (ArN)-C═N-C═(NAr) (NHAr); Ar = 2,6-Et2-C6H3}] (I)-catalyzed highly demanding exclusive 1,2-regioselective hydroboration and hydrosilylation of N-heteroarenes is demonstrated with excellent yields. This protocol is compatible with many pyridines and N-heteroarene derivatives, including electron-donating and -withdrawing substituents. Catalytic intermediates, such as [(LZnH) (4-methylpyridine)] IIA, [(L'ZnH) (4-methylpyridine) IIA', where L' = CH{(CMe) (2,6-Et2C6H3N)}2)], LZn(1,2-DhiQ) (isoquinoline) III, [L'Zn(1,2-DhiQ) (isoquinoline)] III', and LZn(1,2-(3-MeDHQ)) (3-methylquinoline) V, were isolated and thoroughly characterized by NMR, HRMS, and IR analyses. Furthermore, X-ray single-crystal diffraction studies confirmed the molecular structures of compounds IIA', III, and III'. The NMR data proved that the intermediate III or III' reacted with HBpin and gave a selective 1,2-addition hydroborated product. Stoichiometric experiments suggest that V and III independently reacted with silane, yielding selective 1,2-addition of mono- and bis-hydrosilylated products, respectively. Based on the isolation of intermediates and a series of stoichiometric experiments, plausible catalytic cycles were established. Furthermore, the intermolecular chemoselective hydroboration reaction over other reducible functionalities was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752 050, India
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752 050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752 050, India
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21
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Chen D, Xu L, Yu Y, Mo Q, Qi X, Liu C. Triflylpyridinium Enables Rapid and Scalable Controlled Reduction of Carboxylic Acids to Aldehydes using Pinacolborane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215168. [PMID: 36378536 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Building up new and efficient methods for the controlled conversion of carboxylic acids to aldehydes is important. Herein, we report a rapid, modular and scalable method for the conversion of carboxylic acids to aldehydes using pinacolborane at ambient temperature, in which a triflylpyridinium reagent is used. The conversion of carboxylic acid to intermediate acylpyridinium by triflylpyridinium is new. A binary pyridine-coordinated boronium complex is generated after reduction. The unprecedented reduction of the acylpyridinium by HBpin opens up a practically direct synthesis of aldehydes from carboxylic acids. Theoretical studies indicate that the reduction of acylpyridinium requires a lower activation free energy than that of the product aldehyde. The synthetic advantage of this protocol is further highlighted by the scalable synthesis of aldehyde via continuous flow process. Configuration retention for chiral acids are presented in those syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liangxuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Qinliang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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22
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Ataie S, Baker RT. Comparing B-H Bond Activation in Ni IIX(NNN)-Catalyzed Nitrile Dihydroboration (X = Anionic N-, C-, O-, S-, or P-donor). Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19998-20007. [PMID: 36455067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
One of the key steps in many metal complex-catalyzed hydroboration reactions is B-H bond activation, which results in metal hydride formation. Anionic ligands that include multiple lone pairs of electrons, in cooperation with a metal center, have notable potential in redox-neutral B-H bond activation through metal-ligand cooperation. Herein, using an easily prepared NpyridineNimineNpyrrolide ligand (L2)-, a series of divalent NiIIX(NNN) complexes were synthesized, with X = bromide (2), phenoxide (3), thiophenoxide (4), 2,5-dimethylpyrrolide (5), diphenylphosphide (6), and phenyl (7). The complexes were characterized using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography and employed as precatalysts for nitrile dihydroboration. Superior activity of the phenoxy derivative (3) [vs thiophenoxy (4) or phenyl (7)] suggests that B-H bond activation occurs at the Ni-X (vs ligand Ni-Npyrrolide) bond. Furthermore, stoichiometric treatment of 2-7 with a nitrile showed no reaction, whereas stoichiometric reactions of 2-7 with pinacolborane (HBpin) gave the same Ni-H complex for 2, 3, and 5. Considering that only 2, 3, and 5 successfully catalyzed nitrile dihydroboration, we suggest that the catalytic cycle involves a conventional inner sphere pathway initiated by substrate insertion into Ni-H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ataie
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - R Tom Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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23
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Jos S, Szwetkowski C, Slebodnick C, Ricker R, Chan KL, Chan WC, Radius U, Lin Z, Marder TB, Santos WL. Transition Metal-Free Regio- and Stereo-Selective trans Hydroboration of 1,3-Diynes: A Phosphine-Catalyzed Access to (E)-1-Boryl-1,3-Enynes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202349. [PMID: 35917135 PMCID: PMC9804376 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a transition metal-free, regio- and stereo-selective, phosphine-catalyzed method for the trans hydroboration of 1,3-diynes with pinacolborane that affords (E)-1-boryl-1,3-enynes. The reaction proceeds with excellent selectivity for boron addition to the external carbon of the 1,3-diyne framework as unambiguously established by NMR and X-ray crystallographic studies. The reaction displays a broad substrate scope including unsymmetrical diynes to generate products in high yield (up to 95 %). Experimental and theoretical studies suggest that phosphine attack on the alkyne is a key process in the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Jos
- Department of ChemistryVirginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUnited States
| | | | - Carla Slebodnick
- Department of ChemistryVirginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUnited States
| | - Robert Ricker
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgGermany
| | - Ka Lok Chan
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SARChina
| | - Wing Chun Chan
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SARChina
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgGermany
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SARChina
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgGermany
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24
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Lunic D, Sanosa N, Funes‐Ardoiz I, Teskey CJ. Mild and Chemoselective Carboxylic Acid Reduction Promoted by Borane Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207647. [PMID: 36047716 PMCID: PMC9825922 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Although considerable advances have been made in developing chemoselective transformations of ubiquitous carboxylic acid groups, many challenges still exist. For instance, their selective reduction is problematic if both more nucleophilic and more electrophilic groups are present in the starting material. Here, we address this problem with a simple and mild protocol using bench-stable reagents at ambient temperatures. This platform is able to tolerate a diverse range of functionality, leaving ketones, esters, nitro-groups, olefins, nitriles and amides untouched. A combination of experimental and computational mechanistic experiments demonstrate that this reaction proceeds via hidden borane catalysis with small quantities of in situ generated BH3 playing a key role in the exquisite selectivity that is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Lunic
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Nil Sanosa
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)Universidad de La RiojaMadre de Dios 5326006LogroñoSpain
| | - Ignacio Funes‐Ardoiz
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)Universidad de La RiojaMadre de Dios 5326006LogroñoSpain
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25
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Thomas SP, Bage AD, Nicholson K, Hunt TA, Langer T. Transborylation-Enabled Boron Catalysis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1720046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis review highlights transborylation (controlled boron-boron exchange) and its applications as a turnover strategy in boron-catalysed methodologies. Catalytic applications of B–C, B–O, B–N, B–F, B–S, and B–Se transborylations are discussed in the context of transborylation-enabled catalysis, across a wide range of organic transformations including hydroboration, C–C bond formation, C–H borylation, chemoselective reduction, and asymmetric reduction.1 Introduction2 B–C Transborylation3 B–O Transborylation4 B–N Transborylation5 B–F Transborylation6 B–S Transborylation7 Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew D. Bage
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh
| | | | | | - Thomas Langer
- Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Chemical Development U.K., AstraZeneca
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Son H. Doan
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nhan N. H. Ton
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 15260, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Thanh Vinh Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
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27
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Lunic D, Sanosa N, Funes-Ardoiz I, Teskey C. Mild and Chemoselective Carboxylic Acid Reduction Promoted by Borane Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Lunic
- RWTH Aachen: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen Institute of Organic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Nil Sanosa
- University of La Rioja: Universidad de la Rioja Department of Chemistry SPAIN
| | | | - Christopher Teskey
- RWTH Aachen: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen Institute of Organic Chemistry Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen GERMANY
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28
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Kumar R, Dutta S, Sharma V, Singh PP, Gonnade RG, Koley D, Sen SS. Monomeric Magnesium Catalyzed Alkene and Alkyne Hydroboration. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201896. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Sayan Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Praval P. Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Rajesh G. Gonnade
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Catalysis Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 India
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Sakya S. Sen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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29
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Sieland B, Hoppe A, Stepen A, Paradies J. Frustrated Lewis pair‐catalyzed hydroboration of nitriles: FLP versus borenium catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Axel Hoppe
- Paderborn University Faculty of Science GERMANY
| | - Arne Stepen
- Paderborn University Faculty of Science GERMANY
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30
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Bołt M, Żak P. Solvent-free hydroboration of alkynes catalyzed by an NHC-cobalt complex. RSC Adv 2022; 12:18572-18577. [PMID: 35873331 PMCID: PMC9234744 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03005e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new cobalt complex bearing a bulky N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand is described as a pre-catalyst for alkyne hydroboration. The proposed catalytic system, synthesized using easily accessible reagents, allowed obtaining a series of mono- and dialkenylboranes in solvent-free conditions with excellent efficiency and selectivity. The results have been compared to those obtained in the presence of the same cobalt complex containing smaller NHC ligands and those achieved for the catalytic system based on a CoCl2 - NHC precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Bołt
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8 61-614 Poznan Poland
| | - Patrycja Żak
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8 61-614 Poznan Poland
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31
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Shi Y, Wang Y, Huang Z, Zhang F, Shao Y. t BuOLi-Promoted Hydroboration of Esters and Epoxides. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:18876-18886. [PMID: 35694491 PMCID: PMC9178618 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Commercially available and inexpensive lithium tert-butoxide ( t BuOLi) acts as a good precatalyst for the hydroboration of esters, lactones, and epoxides using pinacolborane as a borylation agent. Functional groups such as cyano-, nitro-, amino-, vinyl, and alkynyl are unaffected under the presented hydroboration process, representing high chemoselectivity. This transformation has also been effectively applied to the synthesis of key intermediates of Erlotinib and Cinacalcet. Preliminary investigations of the mechanism show that the hydroboration proceeds through the in situ formed BH3 species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Shi
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhefan Huang
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Fangjun Zhang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical
University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yinlin Shao
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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32
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Assembly of a 3D Cobalt(II) Supramolecular Framework and Its Applications in Hydrofunctionalization of Ketones and Aldehydes. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A ditopic nitrogen ligand (E)-N′-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)isonicotinohydrazide (L) containing both divergent pyridyl coordination sites and a hydrogen-bonding hydrazide–hydrazone moiety was synthesized. The Co(NCS)2-mediated self-assembly of L has resulted in the synthesis of a novel 3-dimensional (3D) supramolecular framework (1) that features both coordination and hydrogen bonding interactions. X-ray structural analysis reveals the formation and coordination mode of 1 in the solid state. The rational utilization of coordination bonds and hydrogen bonding interactions is confirmed and responsible for constructing the 3D materials. Catalytic studies using 1 in the presence of an activator are performed for the hydroboration and hydrosilylation reactions of ketones and aldehydes, and the results are compared with previously reported cobalt-based polymeric catalysts.
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33
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Abstract
The addition of a B-H bond to an unsaturated bond (polarized or unpolarized) is a powerful and atom-economic tool for the synthesis of organoboranes. In recent years, s-block organometallics have appeared as alternative catalysts to transition-metal complexes, which traditionally catalyze the hydroboration of unsaturated bonds. Because of the recent and rapid development in the field of hydroboration of unsaturated bonds catalyzed by alkali (Li, Na, K) and alkaline earth (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) metals, we provide a detailed and updated comprehensive review that covers the synthesis, reactivity, and application of s-block metal catalysts in the hydroboration of polarized as well as unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds. Moreover, we describe the main reaction mechanisms, providing valuable insight into the reactivity of the s-block metal catalysts. Finally, we compare these s-block metal complexes with other redox-neutral catalytic systems based on p-block metals including aluminum complexes and f-block metal complexes of lanthanides and early actinides. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive, authoritative, and critical assessment of the state of the art within this highly interesting research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Magre
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcin Szewczyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Chemical Science Program, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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34
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Das A, Rej S, Panda TK. Aluminium complexes: next-generation catalysts for selective hydroboration. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3027-3040. [PMID: 35107095 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03703j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Organoboranes obtained from hydroboration reactions are one of the important classes of compounds that could be used to provide valuable synthons for follow-up transformations such as various functional group incorporation or C-C bond forming reactions. For decades, various transition metals were utilised as catalysts in such transformations. Recently Earth-abundant and less toxic main group metals have revived their importance in hydroboration chemistry, among which the suitable candidates are aluminium complexes as catalysts. In this regard, the development of aluminium complexes to achieve more robust catalytic systems with greater efficiency is appreciable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Das
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Supriya Rej
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India.
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35
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Zou W, Gao L, Cao J, Li Z, Li G, Wang G, Li S. Mechanistic Insight into Hydroboration of Imines from Combined Computational and Experimental Studies. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104004. [PMID: 35018677 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Boron Lewis acid-catalyzed and catalyst-free hydroboration reactions of imines are attractive due to the mild reaction conditions. In this work, the mechanistic details of the hydroboration reactions of two different kinds of imines with pinacolborane (HBpin) are investigated by combining density functional theory calculations and some experimental studies. For the hydroboration reaction of N-(α-methylbenzylidene)aniline catalyzed by tris[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borane (BArF 3 ), our calculations show that the reaction proceeds through a boron Lewis acid-promoted hydride transfer mechanism rather than the classical Lewis acid activation mechanism. For the catalyst- and solvent-free hydroboration reaction of imine, N-benzylideneaniline, our calculations and experimental studies indicate that this reaction is difficult to occur under the reaction conditions reported previously. With a combination of computational and experimental studies, we have established that the commercially available BH3 ⋅ SMe2 can serve as an efficient catalyst for the hydroboration reactions of N-benzylideneaniline and similar imines. The hydroboration reactions catalyzed by BH3 ⋅ SMe2 are most likely to proceed through a hydroboration/B-H/B-N σ-bond metathesis pathway, which is very different from that of the reaction catalyzed by BArF 3 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentian Zou
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Liuzhou Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Guoao Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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36
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Mahato S, Rawal P, Devadkar AK, Joshi M, Roy Choudhury A, Biswas B, Gupta P, Panda TK. Hydroboration and reductive amination of ketones and aldehydes with HBpin by a bench stable Pd(II)-catalyst. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1103-1111. [PMID: 35029621 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02339j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A palladium(II) complex [(κ4-{1,2-C6H4(NCH-C6H4O)2}Pd] (1) supported by a dianionic salen ligand [1,2-C6H4(NCH-C6H4O)2]2- (L) was synthesised and used as a molecular pre-catalyst in the hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones. The molecular structure of Pd(II) complex 1 was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complex 1 was tested as a competent pre-catalyst in the hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones with pinacolborane (HBpin) to produce corresponding boronate esters in excellent yields at ambient temperature under solvent-free conditions. Further, the complex 1 proved to be a competent catalyst in the reductive amination of aldehydes with HBpin and primary amines under mild and solvent-free conditions to afford a high yield (up to 97%) of corresponding secondary amines. Both protocols provided high conversion, superior selectivity and broad substrate scope, from electron-withdrawing to electron-donating and heterocyclic substitutions. A computational study based on density functional theory (DFT) revealed a reaction mechanism for Pd-catalysed hydroboration of carbonyl species in the presence of HBpin. The protocols also uncovered the dual role of HBpin in achieving the hydroboration reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.
| | - Parveen Rawal
- Computational Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Ajitrao Kisan Devadkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
| | - Mayank Joshi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, IISER Mohali, Punjab, India
| | | | - Bhaskar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.
| | - Puneet Gupta
- Computational Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
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37
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Seidel FW, Nozaki K. A Ni
0
σ‐Borane Complex Bearing a Rigid Bidentate Borane/Phosphine Ligand: Boryl Complex Formation by Oxidative Dehydrochloroborylation and Catalytic Activity for Ethylene Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Falk William Seidel
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
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38
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Panda TK, Kumar R, Rawal P, Banerjee I, Nayek HP, Gupta P, Panda TK. Catalytic Hydroboration and Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds by HBpin using a Zinc Promoter. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200013. [PMID: 35020275 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the chemoselective hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones, catalyzed by Zinc(II) complexes [ k 2 -(PyCH=NR)ZnX 2 ] [R = CPh 3 , X = Cl ( 1 ) and R = Dipp (2,6-diisoropylphenyl) and X = I ( 2 )], in the presence of pinacolborane (HBpin) in ambient temperature and solvent-free conditions, which produced corresponding boronate esters in high yield, is reported. Zinc metal complexes 1 and 2 were derived in 80-90% yield from the reaction of iminopyridine [PyCH=NR] with anhydrous zinc dichloride in dichloromethane at room temperature. The solid-state structures of both zinc complexes were confirmed using X-ray crystallography. Zinc complex 1 was also used as a competent pre-catalyst in the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with HBpin under mild and solvent-free conditions to afford a high yield (up to 97%) of the corresponding secondary amines. The wider substrate scope of both reactions was explored. Catalytic protocols using zinc as a pre-catalyst demonstrated an atom-economic and green method with diverse substrates bearing excellent functional group tolerance. Computational studies established a plausible mechanism for catalytic hydroboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun K Panda
- IITH: Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Chemistry, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502285, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - Ravi Kumar
- IITH: Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Chemistry, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502285, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - Parveen Rawal
- IIT Roorkee: Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Chemistry, Roorkee, 247667, Roorkee, INDIA
| | - Indrani Banerjee
- IITH: Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Chemistry, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502285, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - Hari Pada Nayek
- IIT (ISM): Indian Institute of Technology, Chemistry, Dhanbad, 826004, Dhanbad, INDIA
| | - Puneet Gupta
- IIT Roorkee: Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Chemistry, Roorkee, 247667, Roorkee, INDIA
| | - Tarun K Panda
- IITH: Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Chemistry, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502285, Hyderabad, INDIA
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39
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Abstract
This review highlights the hydroelementation reactions of conjugated and separated diynes, which depending on the process conditions, catalytic system, as well as the type of reagents, leads to the formation of various products: enynes, dienes, allenes, polymers, or cyclic compounds. The presence of two triple bonds in the diyne structure makes these compounds important reagents but selective product formation is often difficult owing to problems associated with maintaining appropriate reaction regio- and stereoselectivity. Herein we review this topic to gain knowledge on the reactivity of diynes and to systematise the range of information relating to their use in hydroelementation reactions. The review is divided according to the addition of the E-H (E = Mg, B, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, N, P, O, S, Se, Te) bond to the triple bond(s) in the diyne, as well as to the type of the reagent used, and the product formed. Not only are the hydroelementation reactions comprehensively discussed, but the synthetic potential of the obtained products is also presented. The majority of published research is included within this review, illustrating the potential as well as limitations of these processes, with the intent to showcase the power of these transformations and the obtained products in synthesis and materials chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan.
| | - Jakub Szyling
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan. .,Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Faculty of Chemistry, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Adrian Franczyk
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan.
| | - Rebecca L Melen
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
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40
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Geier SJ, Vogels CM, Melanson JA, Westcott SA. The transition metal-catalysed hydroboration reaction. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8877-8922. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the development of the transition metal-catalysed hydroboration reaction, from its beginnings in the 1980s to more recent developments including earth-abundant catalysts and an ever-expanding array of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Geier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Vogels
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Melanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Stephen A. Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
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41
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Seidel FW, Nozaki K. A Ni 0 σ-Borane Complex Bearing a Rigid Bidentate Borane/Phosphine Ligand: Boryl Complex Formation by Oxidative Dehydrochloroborylation and Catalytic Activity for Ethylene Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202111691. [PMID: 34854528 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
While of interest, synthetically feasible access to boryl ligands and complexes remains limited, meaning such complexes remain underexploited in catalysis. For bidentate boryl ligands, oxidative addition of boranes to low-valent IrI or Pt0 are the only examples yet reported. As part of our interest in developing improved group 10 ethylene polymerization catalysts, we present here an optimized synthesis of a novel, rigid borane/phosphine ligand and its Ni0 σ-borane complex. From the latter, an unprecedented oxidative dehydrochloroborylation, to give a NiII boryl complex, was achieved. Furthermore, this new B/P ligand allowed the nickel-catalyzed polymerization of ethylene, which suggests that Ni0 σ-hydroborane complexes act as masked NiII boryl hydride reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk William Seidel
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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42
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Li X, Mi T, Guo W, Ruan Z, Guo Y, Ma YN, Chen X. KB 3H 8: an environment-friendly reagent for the selective reduction of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12776-12779. [PMID: 34766960 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05638g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective reduction of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols with KB3H8, an air- and moisture-stable, nontoxic, and easy-to-handle reagent, in water and THF has been explored under an air atmosphere for the first time. Control experiments illustrated the good selectivity of KB3H8 over NaBH4 for the reduction of 4-acetylbenzaldehyde and aromatic keto esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Li
- Green catalysis center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Tongge Mi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- Green catalysis center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Zhongrui Ruan
- Green catalysis center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Yu Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yan-Na Ma
- Green catalysis center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Xuenian Chen
- Green catalysis center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
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43
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Bose SK, Mao L, Kuehn L, Radius U, Nekvinda J, Santos WL, Westcott SA, Steel PG, Marder TB. First-Row d-Block Element-Catalyzed Carbon-Boron Bond Formation and Related Processes. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13238-13341. [PMID: 34618418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Organoboron reagents represent a unique class of compounds because of their utility in modern synthetic organic chemistry, often affording unprecedented reactivity. The transformation of the carbon-boron bond into a carbon-X (X = C, N, and O) bond in a stereocontrolled fashion has become invaluable in medicinal chemistry, agrochemistry, and natural products chemistry as well as materials science. Over the past decade, first-row d-block transition metals have become increasingly widely used as catalysts for the formation of a carbon-boron bond, a transformation traditionally catalyzed by expensive precious metals. This recent focus on alternative transition metals has enabled growth in fundamental methods in organoboron chemistry. This review surveys the current state-of-the-art in the use of first-row d-block element-based catalysts for the formation of carbon-boron bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Kumar Bose
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore-562112, India
| | - Lujia Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, 571199 Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Laura Kuehn
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Nekvinda
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Stephen A Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Patrick G Steel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Science Laboratories South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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44
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Zhang B, Zou Y, Wang L, Zhang H. Zinc catalysed C3-H borylation of indoles and 1,1-diboration of terminal alkynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11185-11188. [PMID: 34622253 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04497d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A low catalyst loading Zn(OTf)2-catalysed C3-H borylation of indoles with pinacolborane was developed. This transformation represents the use of an abundant, cheap and environmentally benign zinc catalyst in catalytic direct aromatic C-H borylation and offers a simple and prompt route towards the synthesis of C3-borylated indoles. The 1,1-diboration of terminal alkynes was also achieved using the same catalytic system to produce 1,1-diborylated alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China. .,College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Youliang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China. .,College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China. .,College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China. .,College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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45
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Nakaya K, Takahashi S, Ishii A, Boonpalit K, Surawatanawong P, Nakata N. Hydroboration of carbonyls and imines by an iminophosphonamido tin(II) precatalyst. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14810-14819. [PMID: 34596191 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01856f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel three-coordinated tin(II) chloride [Ph2P(NtBu)2]SnCl (1) supported by an N,N'-di-tert-butyliminophosphonamide having two phenyl groups on the phosphorus atom was synthesized by the reaction of the starting lithium iminophosphonamide [Ph2P(NtBu)2]Li with SnCl2·(dioxane) in toluene. The molecular structure of 1 was established by X-ray diffraction analysis. Tin(II) chloride 1 can act as an efficient precatalyst for the hydroboration of a wide variety of aldehydes, ketones, and imines at -10 °C. DFT calculations propose that hydroboration involves hydride transfer from the corresponding tin(II) hydride intermediate [Ph2P(NtBu)2]SnH (10) to the carbonyl substrates via four-membered transition states (TS-12), affording three-coordinated tin(II) alkoxide intermediates [Ph2P(NtBu)2]SnOR (13), followed by the stepwise reaction of 13 with HBpin (pin = pinacolate) to release the boronate esters and regenerate the tin(II) hydride 10. The stoichiometric reaction of the in site-generated 10 with benzophenone 2a at -10 °C led to the formation of 13. Moreover, 13 also stoichiometrically reacted with HBpin at -10 °C, forming the corresponding boronate ester 3a and 10 based on the 1H NMR spectrum of the reaction mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Nakaya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Ishii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.
| | - Kajjana Boonpalit
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Panida Surawatanawong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Norio Nakata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.
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46
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Uzelac M, Yuan K, Nichol GS, Ingleson MJ. Formation of a hydride containing amido-zincate using pinacolborane. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14018-14026. [PMID: 34546250 PMCID: PMC8507400 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02580e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amido-zincates containing hydrides are underexplored yet potentially useful complexes. Attempts to access this type of zincate through combining amido-organo zincates and pinacolborane (HBPin) via Zn–C/H–BPin exchange led instead to preferential formation of amide–BPin and/or [amide–BPin(Y)]− (Y = Ph, amide, H), when the amide is hexamethyldisilazide or 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide and the hydrocarbyl group was phenyl or ethyl. In contrast, the use of a dipyridylamide (dpa) based arylzinc complex led to Zn–C/H–BPin metathesis being the major outcome. Independent synthesis and full characterisation of two LnLi[(dpa)ZnPh2] (L = THF, n = 3; L = PMDETA, n = 1) complexes, 1 and 3, respectively, enabled reactivity studies that demonstrated that these species display zincate type reactivity (by comparison to the lower reactivity of the neutral complex (Me-dpa)ZnPh2, 4, Me-dpa = 2,2′-dipyridyl-N-methylamine). This included 1 performing the rapid deprotonation of 4-ethynyltoluene and also phenyl transfer to α,α,α-trifluoroacetophenone in contrast to neutral complex 4. Complex 1 reacted with one equivalent of HBPin to give predominantly PhBPin (ca. 90%) and a lithium amidophenylzincate containing a hydride unit, complex 7-A, as the major zinc containing product. Complex 7-A transfers hydride to an electrophile preferentially over phenyl, indicating it reacts as a hydridozincate. Attempts to react 1 with >1 equivalent of HBPin or with catecholborane led to more complex outcomes, which included significant borane and dpaZn substituent scrambling, two examples of which were crystallographically characterised. While this work provides proof of principle for Zn–C/H–BPin exchange as a route to form an amido-zincate containing a hydride, amido-organozincates that undergo more selective Zn–C/H–BPin exchange still are required. Careful tuning of the nature of the amide ligand in amido-zincates allows for selective Zn–C over Zn–N exchange with HBPin affording a hydride containing amido-zincate. The mixed hydrido-phenyl zincate preferentially transfers hydride over phenyl.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Uzelac
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Kang Yuan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Gary S Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Michael J Ingleson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
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47
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Kumar R, Bisai MK, Jain S, Vanka K, Sen SS. Deoxygenative hydroboration of primary and secondary amides: a catalyst-free and solvent-free approach. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10596-10599. [PMID: 34568884 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04148g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to the recent reports on catalytic hydroboration of amides to amines with pinacolborane (HBpin), a simple catalyst-free and solvent-free method for the hydroboration of a variety of amides has been realized. To get the mechanistic insights, DFT calculations have been performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Milan Kumar Bisai
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Shailja Jain
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India.,Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India.
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India.,Physical and Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India.
| | - Sakya S Sen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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48
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Sau S, Pramanik M, Bal A, Mal P. Reported Catalytic Hydrofunctionalizations that Proceed in the Absence of Catalysts: The Importance of Control Experiments. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100208. [PMID: 34618401 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The enlarged landscape of catalysis lies in the heart of chemistry. As the journey has set a milestone in organic synthesis, its darker side has not entered into the limelight. Studies disclose that the reported reactions by using catalysts were also attainable in the absence of catalysts in many cases. This article presents a literature collection that includes the significance of control experiments in hydrofunctionalization reactions. Systematic analysis reveals that the catalysts are ambiguous and might be unessential in chemical reactions enlisted here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Sau
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Milan Pramanik
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Ankita Bal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
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Légaré Lavergne J, To HM, Fontaine FG. Boric acid as a precatalyst for BH 3-catalyzed hydroboration. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31941-31949. [PMID: 35495511 PMCID: PMC9041564 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05945a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We report that boric acid, BO3H3, is a good precatalyst for the BH3-catalyzed hydroboration of esters using pinacolborane as a borylation agent. Using microwave irradiation as an energy source, we demonstrated that a dozen esters were converted into the corresponding boronate ethers in good yields. It was also possible to use boric acid as a precatalyst to reduce carbonates and alkynes. Considering the hazardous and pyrophoric nature of BH3 solutions, boric acid proves to be a safe and green precatalyst for the metal-free reduction of unsaturated species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Légaré Lavergne
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval 1045 Avenue de la Médecine Québec G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
| | - Hoang-Minh To
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval 1045 Avenue de la Médecine Québec G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
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50
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Rej S, Das A, Panda TK. Overview of Regioselective and Stereoselective Catalytic Hydroboration of Alkynes. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Rej
- Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Berlin Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Amrita Das
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Osaka University 565-0871 Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502285 Sangareddy Telangana India
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