1
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Mazzarella D, Qi C, Vanzella M, Sartorel A, Pelosi G, Dell'Amico L. Electrochemical Asymmetric Radical Functionalization of Aldehydes Enabled by a Redox Shuttle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401361. [PMID: 38623693 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Aminocatalysis is a well-established tool that enables the production of enantioenriched compounds under mild conditions. Its versatility is underscored by its seamless integration with various synthetic approaches. While the combination of aminocatalysis with metal catalysis, photochemistry, and stoichiometric oxidants has been extensively explored, its synergy with electrochemical activation remains largely unexplored. Herein, we present the successful merger of electrochemistry and aminocatalysis to perform SOMO-type transformations, expanding the toolkit for asymmetric electrochemical synthesis. The methodology harnesses electricity to drive the oxidation of catalytically generated enamines, which ultimately partake in enantioselective radical processes, leading to α-alkylated aldehydes. Crucially, mechanistic studies highlight how this electrochemical strategy is enabled by the use of a redox shuttle, 4,4'-dimethoxybiphenyl, to prevent catalyst degradation and furnishing the coveted compounds in good yield and high enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mazzarella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Chun Qi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael Vanzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Sartorel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
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2
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Kim J, Ling J, Lai Y, Milner PJ. Redox-Active Organic Materials: From Energy Storage to Redox Catalysis. ACS MATERIALS AU 2024; 4:258-273. [PMID: 38737116 PMCID: PMC11083122 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Electroactive materials are central to myriad applications, including energy storage, sensing, and catalysis. Compared to traditional inorganic electrode materials, redox-active organic materials such as porous organic polymers (POPs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are emerging as promising alternatives due to their structural tunability, flexibility, sustainability, and compatibility with a range of electrolytes. Herein, we discuss the challenges and opportunities available for the use of redox-active organic materials in organoelectrochemistry, an emerging area in fine chemical synthesis. In particular, we highlight the utility of organic electrode materials in photoredox catalysis, electrochemical energy storage, and electrocatalysis and point to new directions needed to unlock their potential utility for organic synthesis. This Perspective aims to bring together the organic, electrochemistry, and polymer communities to design new heterogeneous electrocatalysts for the sustainable synthesis of complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jianheng Ling
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yihuan Lai
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Phillip J. Milner
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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3
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Si X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Pan X, Wang F, Shao X, Yao Q, Duan W, Huang X, Su J. A Porous Carbazolic Al-MOF for Efficient Aerobic Photo-Oxidation of Sulfides into Sulfoxides under Air. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4707-4715. [PMID: 38410082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
A robust, microporous, and photoactive aluminum-based metal-organic framework (Al-MOF, LCU-600) has been assembled by an in situ-formed [Al3O(CO2)6] trinuclear building unit and a tritopic carbazole ligand. LCU-600 shows a high water stability and permanent porosity for N2 and CO2 adsorption. Notably, the incorporation of photoresponsive carbazole moieties into LCU-600 makes it a highly efficient and recyclable photocatalyst for aerobic photo-oxidation of sulfides into sulfoxides under an air atmosphere at room temperature. Mechanism investigations unveil that photogenerated holes (h+), superoxide radical anion (O2•-), and singlet oxygen (1O2) are critical active spices for the photo-oxidation reaction performed in an air atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhen Si
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Luxi Chemical Group Co., Ltd., New Chemical Materials Industrial Park, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Xuze Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Fudong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Shao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Qingxia Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Wenzeng Duan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Xianqiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, P. R. China
| | - Jie Su
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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4
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Wang Y, Feng X, Cao J, Zheng X, Gong X, Yu W, Wang M, Shi S. Metal-Free Activation of Molecular Oxygen by 9-Fluorenone-Based Porous Organic Polymers for Selective Aerobic Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319139. [PMID: 38129314 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen activation is a critical step in heterogeneous oxidative processes, particularly in catalytic, electrolytic, and pharmaceutical applications. Among the various catalysts available for photocatalytic O2 activation, homogeneous aryl ketones are at the forefront. To avoid the degradation and deactivation of aryl ketones, 9-fluorenone-based porous organic polymers were designed and regulated by doping them with co-monomers. The obtained heterogeneous photocatalyst showed good performance in O2 activation, and its performance was better than that of homogeneous 9-fluorenone. The obtained heterogeneous photocatalyst showed good reusability. We believe that the presented method and findings represent an important step toward designing catalysts tailored for specific tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jieqi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xinbin Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Song Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
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Kotesova S, Shenvi RA. Inner- and Outer-Sphere Cross-Coupling of High F sp3 Fragments. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3089-3098. [PMID: 37889168 PMCID: PMC10979517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Natural product research originates from a desire to explore, understand, and perturb biological function with atomic precision. To reach these goals at all, let alone efficiently, requires thoughtful and creative problem solving. Often this means bold disconnections that would simplify access to complex structures, if only the methods existed to bridge these theoretical gaps. Whereas biological interrogations provide long-term intellectual value and impetus, methods come as attractive fringe benefits of natural product synthesis. This Account describes strategic, methodological solutions to the syntheses of natural products [(-)-eugenial C, Galbulimima alkaloids GB18, GB22, GB13, and himgaline] featuring new, convergent disconnections as important problem-solving steps, which themselves were inspired by recent methods that arose from our group. Each target required the invention of first-row transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling procedures to satisfy the biological goals of the project. In these cases, synthetic strategy identified the methodological gap (the absence of stereo- and chemoselective couplings of appropriate fragments), but the tactical advantage conferred by first-row metals met the challenge. These methods were competent to handle the dense, sterically encumbered motifs common to natural products due to, in many cases, elementary steps that did not require bond formation between the hindered substrate and the metal center. Instead, these sterically lenient reactions appeared to involve metal-ligand-substrate reactions (i.e., outer-sphere steps), in contrast to the metal-substrate, coordinative reactions of precious metals (i.e., inner-sphere steps). Key observations from our previous studies, combined with the observations in seminal publications from other laboratories (Mattay, Weix, and MacMillan), led to the optimization of ligand-controlled, stereoselective reactions and the introduction of complementary catalytic cycles that revealed new modes of reactivity and generated novel structural motifs. Optimized access to bioactive natural product space accelerated our timeline of biological characterization, fulfilling a common premise of natural products research. The integration of methodology, complex natural product synthesis, diversification, and bioassay into a single Ph.D. dissertation would have been unmanageable in a prior era. The unique ability of first-row transition metals to effect Csp3-Csp3 cross-coupling with high chemo- and stereoselectivity has significantly lowered the barrier to reach the avowed goal of natural product synthesis and reduced the burden (real or perceived) of integrating natural products into functional campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Kotesova
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ryan A. Shenvi
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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6
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Zulkifli FZA, Ito M, Uno T, Kubo M. Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Novel Polycyclopentadithiophene. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4091. [PMID: 37896335 PMCID: PMC10610433 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel π-conjugated polymer based on cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) and poly(4,4']-(((4Hcyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene-4,4-diyl)bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(4-oxobutanoic acid)) (PCPDT-CO2H) was prepared as a sparingly soluble material. The generation of hydroxyl radicals from PCPDT-CO2H in water was confirmed by using coumarin as a hydroxyl radical indicator. Furthermore, PCPDT-CO2H was found to catalyze the oxidative hydroxylation of arylboronic acid and the oxidation of benzaldehyde, indicating that PCPDT-CO2H can be a promising candidate for metal-free and 100% organic heterogeneous photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Zayanah Ahmad Zulkifli
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (M.I.); (T.U.)
| | | | | | - Masataka Kubo
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (M.I.); (T.U.)
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7
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Bhaduri SN, Ghosh D, Debnath S, Biswas R, Chatterjee PB, Biswas P. Copper(II)-Incorporated Porphyrin-Based Porous Organic Polymer for a Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Sensor. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4136-4146. [PMID: 36862998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
To date, the fabrication of multifunctional nanoplatforms based on a porous organic polymer for electrochemical sensing of biorelevant molecules has received considerable attention in the search for a more active, robust, and sensitive electrocatalyst. Here, in this report, we have developed a new porous organic polymer based on porphyrin (TEG-POR) from a polycondensation reaction between a triethylene glycol-linked dialdehyde and pyrrole. The Cu(II) complex of the polymer Cu-TEG-POR shows high sensitivity and a low detection limit for glucose electro-oxidation in an alkaline medium. The characterization of the as-synthesized polymer was done by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and 13C CP-MAS solid-state NMR. The N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm was carried out at 77 K to analyze the porous property. TEG-POR and Cu-TEG-POR both show excellent thermal stability. The Cu-TEG-POR-modified GC electrode shows a low detection limit (LOD) value of 0.9 μM and a wide linear range (0.001-1.3 mM) with a sensitivity of 415.8 μA mM-1 cm-2 toward electrochemical glucose sensing. The interference of the modified electrode from ascorbic acid, dopamine, NaCl, uric acid, fructose, sucrose, and cysteine was insignificant. Cu-TEG-POR exhibits acceptable recovery for blood glucose detection (97.25-104%), suggesting its scope in the future for selective and sensitive nonenzymatic glucose detection in human blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanka Narayan Bhaduri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Debojit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Snehasish Debnath
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Rima Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Pabitra B Chatterjee
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Papu Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
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8
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Tao Y, Wang T, Ding X, Han B. Porous polycarbazole materials prepared by ionothermal synthesis method for carbon dioxide adsorption and electrochemical capacitors. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- You Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Tian‐Xiong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xuesong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing China
| | - Bao‐Hang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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9
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Weinhold TD, Reece NA, Ribeiro K, Lopez Ocasio M, Watson N, Hanson K, Longstreet AR. Assessing Carbazole Derivatives as Single-Electron Photoreductants. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16928-16936. [PMID: 36472491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The electron-donating capabilities of carbazoles have stimulated interest in their use as photoinduced single-electron reductants. Due to the modularity of the carbazole, a further broadening and understanding of their reactivity could be achieved by manipulating the structure. Herein, eight carbazole derivatives were synthesized, characterized, and assessed as single-electron photoreductants in the hydrodehalogenation of aryl halides and the arylation of N-methylpyrrole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler D Weinhold
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, The University of Tampa, Tampa, Florida 33606, United States
| | - Natalie A Reece
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, The University of Tampa, Tampa, Florida 33606, United States
| | - Kevin Ribeiro
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, The University of Tampa, Tampa, Florida 33606, United States
| | - Maredh Lopez Ocasio
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, The University of Tampa, Tampa, Florida 33606, United States
| | - Noelle Watson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Kenneth Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Ashley R Longstreet
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, The University of Tampa, Tampa, Florida 33606, United States
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Tao Y, Wang TX, Ding X, Han BH. Synthesis of Porous Organic Polymers Via Catalytic Vapor-Assisted Solvent-Free Method. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tian-Xiong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuesong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Bao-Hang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Ma T, Li K, Hu J, Xin Y, Cao J, He J, Xu Z. Carbazole-Equipped Metal-Organic Framework for Stability, Photocatalysis, and Fluorescence Detection. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14352-14360. [PMID: 36026539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The useful yet underutilized backfolded design is invoked here for functionalizing porous solids with the versatile carbazole function. Specifically, we attach carbazole groups as backfolded side arms onto the backbone of a linear dicarboxyl linker molecule. The bulky carbazole side arms point away from the carboxyl links and do not disrupt the Zr-carboxyl framework formation; namely, the resultant MOF solid ZrL1 features the same net as that of the unfunctionalized dicarboxyl linker, also known as the PCN-111 net or UiO-66 net. The ZrL1 structure features only half linker occupancy (about 6 out of the 12 linkers around the Zr6O8 cluster being missing) and partially collapses upon activation (acetone exchange and evacuation). Notably, the stability improves after heating in diphenyl oxide at 260 °C (POP-260 treatment; to form ZrL1-260), as indicated by the higher crystallinity and surface area of the activated ZrL1-260 sample. The ZrL1-260 samples achieve 72% yield in photocatalyzing reductive dehalogenation of phenacyl bromide; ZrL1 can detect nitro-aromatic compounds via fluorescence quenching, with selectivity and sensitivity toward 4-nitroaniline, featuring a limit of detection of 96 ppb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengrui Ma
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kedi Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jieying Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, China
| | - Yinger Xin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jialin Cao
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Science Park of Nanjing University, Qixia District, 210008 Nanjing, China
| | - Jun He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengtao Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
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12
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Ye W, Wang Y, Ji G, Zhang F, Zhao Y, Liu Z. Carbazolic Conjugated Organic Polymers for Visible-Light-Driven CO 2 Photoreduction with H 2 O to CO with High Efficiency and Selectivity. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200759. [PMID: 35638154 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Visible-light-driven CO2 photoreduction with H2 O to value-added chemicals in high efficiency and selectivity is significant but challenging. Herein, a series of carbazolic conjugated organic polymers (CB-COPs) with electron donor-acceptor (D-A) structures were prepared, which showed high efficiency for visible-light-driven photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2 O in a solid-gas mode, affording CO as the exclusive carbonaceous product. Especially, CB-COP-mpd derived from 3,5-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)pyridine exhibited the highest CO evolution rate up to 191.46 μmol g-1 h-1 with a selectivity of 100 %. Mechanism studies showed that carbazolyl is a promising electron donor candidate for constructing CB-COPs with D-A structures, capable of improving the catalytic efficiency and suppressing H2 generation. The acceptor building block with excessive electron withdrawing capability was favorable to H2 O adsorption, thus resulting in the generation of H2 . This work provides new insights for designing COPs photocatalysts for CO2 photocatalytic reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Zhongguancun North First Street 2, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, 100083, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuepeng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Zhongguancun North First Street 2, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China)
| | - Guipeng Ji
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Zhongguancun North First Street 2, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fengtao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Zhongguancun North First Street 2, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China)
| | - Yanfei Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Zhongguancun North First Street 2, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China)
| | - Zhimin Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Zhongguancun North First Street 2, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China)
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13
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Deng Z, Zhao H, Cao X, Xiong S, Li G, Deng J, Yang H, Zhang W, Liu Q. Enhancing Built-in Electric Field via Molecular Dipole Control in Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Boosting Charge Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:35745-35754. [PMID: 35914116 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The built-in electric field (BEF) has been considered as the key kinetic factor for facilitating efficient photoinduced carrier separation and migration of polymeric photocatalysts. Enhancing the BEF of the polymers could enable a directional migration of the photogenerated carriers to accelerate photogenerated charge separation and thus boost photocatalytic performances. However, achieving this approach remains a formidable challenge, which has never been realized in conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs). Herein, we developed a molecular dipole control strategy to modulate the BEF in CMPs by varying the nature of the core. As a result, a series of CMPs with a tunable BEF were designed and prepared via FeCl3-mediated coupling of bicarbazole with different acceptor cores. The optimized CbzCMP-9 featured the strongest BEF induced by its high molecular dipole, which grants it with a powerful driving force to accelerate exciton dissociation into electron-hole pairs and facilitates charge transfer along the backbone of CMPs to the surface, resulting in a remarkable photocatalytic performance toward thiocyano chromones and C-3 thiocyanation of indoles (up to 95 and 98% yields, respectively) and prominently surpassing many other reported photocatalysts. In brief, the proposed strategy highlights that enhancing the BEF by modulating molecular dipole can lead to a dramatic improvement in photocatalytic performance, which is expected to be employed for constructing other photocatalytic systems with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhang Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Xinxiu Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Shaohui Xiong
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Gen Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Jiyong Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Hai Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
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14
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Zhang T, Qiao C, Xia L, Yuan T, Wei Q, Yang Q, Chen S. Triphenylamine-based cadmium coordination polymer as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for visible-light-driven α-alkylation of aldehydes. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Xue C, Peng M, Zhang Z, Han X, Wang Q, Li C, Liu H, Li T, Yu N, Ren Y. Conjugated Boron Porous Polymers Having Strong p−π* Conjugation for Amine Sensing and Absorption. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cece Xue
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Peng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhikai Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Conger Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiming Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Solvent as photoreductant for dehalogenation of α-haloketones under catalyst-free conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Gan S, Zeng Y, Lu C, Ma C, Wang F, Yang G, Zhang Y, Nie J. Rationally designed conjugated microporous polymers for efficient photocatalytic chemical transformations of isocyanides. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01393b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Click-based conjugated microporous polymers have been rationally designed and prepared for efficient N–H insertion like reaction of aryl isocyanides and photosynthesis of thiocarbamates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolin Gan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Cuifen Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Chao Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Feiyi Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Guichun Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yuexing Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Junqi Nie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
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18
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Sun W, Xiang Y, Jiang Z, Wang S, Yang N, Jin S, Sun L, Teng H, Chen H. Designed polymeric conjugation motivates tunable activation of molecular oxygen in heterogeneous organic photosynthesis. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:61-70. [PMID: 36545961 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic oxidative organic reactions are important synthetic transformations, and research on reaction selectivity by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is significant. To date, however, there has rarely been any focus on the directed generation of ROSs. Herein, we report the first identification of tunable molecular oxygen activation induced by polymeric conjugation in nonmetallic conjugated microporous polymers (CMP). The conjugation between these can be achieved by the introduction of alkynyl groups. CMP-A with an alkynyl bridge facilitates the intramolecular charge mobility while CMP-D, lacking an alkynyl group enhances the photoexcited carrier build-up on the surface from diffusion. These different processes dominate the directed ROS generation of the superoxide radical (O2-) and singlet oxygen (1O2), respectively. This theory is substantiated by the different performances of these CMPs in the aerobic oxidation of sulfides and the dehydrogenative coupling of amines, and could provide insight into the rational design of CMPs for various heterogeneous organic photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Sun
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yonggang Xiang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhihui Jiang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shengyao Wang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Nan Yang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shangbin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Linhao Sun
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huailong Teng
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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19
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Gan S, Zeng Y, Liu J, Nie J, Lu C, Ma C, Wang F, Yang G. Click-based conjugated microporous polymers as efficient heterogeneous photocatalysts for organic transformations. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02076e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Click-based conjugated microporous polymers were found to be highly efficient photocatalysts for the Ugi reaction and α-oxidation of N-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolin Gan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Junqi Nie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Cuifen Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Chao Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Feiyi Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Guichun Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
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20
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Wan Y, Liu Q, Wu H, Zhang Z, Zhang G. 2,11-Dimethoxyldipyridopurinone as an efficient reducing visible-light photocatalyst for organic transformations. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01914g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
2,11-Dimethoxyldipyridopurinone (DP4) was demonstrated as a potent reducing visible-light PC that can efficiently catalyze three prototypic photoreactions: the redox-neutral, net oxidative and reductive reactions via oxidative-quenching mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Qingfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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21
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Wan Y, Wu H, Ma N, Zhao J, Zhang Z, Gao W, Zhang G. De novo design and synthesis of dipyridopurinone derivatives as visible-light photocatalysts in productive guanylation reactions. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15988-15997. [PMID: 35024122 PMCID: PMC8672711 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05294b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Described here is the de novo design and synthesis of a series of 6H-dipyrido[1,2-e:2',1'-i]purin-6-ones (DPs) as a new class of visible-light photoredox catalysts (PCs). The synthesized DP1-5 showed their λ Abs(max) values in 433-477 nm, excited state redox potentials in 1.15-0.69 eV and -1.41 to -1.77 eV (vs. SCE), respectively. As a representative, DP4 enables the productive guanylation of various amines, including 1°, 2°, and 3°-alkyl primary amines, secondary amines, aryl and heteroaryl amines, amino-nitrile, amino acids and peptides as well as propynylamines and α-amino esters giving diversities in biologically important guanidines and cyclic guanidines. The photocatalytic efficacy of DP4 in the guanylation overmatched commonly used Ir and Ru polypyridyl complexes, and some organic PCs. Other salient merits of this method include broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance, gram-scale synthesis, and versatile late-stage derivatizations that led to a derivative 81 exhibiting 60-fold better anticancer activity against Ramos cells with the IC50 of 0.086 μM than that of clinical drug ibrutinib (5.1 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University 46 East of Construction Road Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University 46 East of Construction Road Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Nana Ma
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University 46 East of Construction Road Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University 46 East of Construction Road Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University 46 East of Construction Road Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Wenjing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University 46 East of Construction Road Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University 46 East of Construction Road Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
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22
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Li C, Li H, Li C, Ren X, Yang Q. One-pot synthesis of mesosilica/nano covalent organic polymer composites and their synergistic effect in photocatalysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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23
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Benzotrithiophene and triphenylamine based covalent organic frameworks as heterogeneous photocatalysts for benzimidazole synthesis. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Wright AI, Kariuki BM, Wu Y. Triplet‐Forming Thionated Donor‐Acceptor Chromophores for Electrochemically Amphoteric Photosensitization. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna I. Wright
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
| | - Benson M. Kariuki
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
| | - Yi‐Lin Wu
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
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25
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Abstract
A heterogeneous photocatalyst amenable to catalyze different chemical reactions is a highly enabling and sustainable material for organic synthesis. Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of an azobenzene-based organic π–conjugated porous polymer (AzoCPP) as heterogeneous dual photocatalyst manifesting net-oxidative bromination of arenes and dehydroxylation of boronic acids to corresponding phenols. Hierarchical porosity and high surface area of the nano-sized AzoCPP allowed superior catalyst-substrate contact during catalyses, whereas the inherent structural defect present in the CPP backbone resulted in low-energy sinks functioning as de facto catalytic sites. A combination of these two structure-property aspects of AzoCPP, in addition to the dielectric constant manipulation of the system, led to excellent catalytic performance. The protocols remained valid for a wide substrate scope and the catalyst was recycled multiple times without substantial loss in catalytic activity. With the aid of subsequent control experiments and analytical characterizations, mechanisms for each catalysis are proposed and duly corroborated.
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26
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Upadhyay R, Singh D, Maurya SK. Highly efficient heterogeneous V
2
O
5
@TiO
2
catalyzed the rapid transformation of boronic acids to phenols. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Upadhyay
- Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 India
| | - Deepak Singh
- Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
| | - Sushil K. Maurya
- Chemical Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur Himachal Pradesh 176 061 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 India
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27
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Dandia A, Sharma R, Saini P, Badgoti RS, Rathore KS, Parewa V. The graphite-catalyzed ipso-functionalization of arylboronic acids in an aqueous medium: metal-free access to phenols, anilines, nitroarenes, and haloarenes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18040-18049. [PMID: 35480165 PMCID: PMC9033238 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01940f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient, metal-free, and sustainable strategy has been described for the ipso-functionalization of phenylboronic acids using air as an oxidant in an aqueous medium. A range of carbon materials has been tested as carbocatalysts. To our surprise, graphite was found to be the best catalyst in terms of the turnover frequency. A broad range of valuable substituted aromatic compounds, i.e., phenols, anilines, nitroarenes, and haloarenes, has been prepared via the functionalization of the C-B bond into C-N, C-O, and many other C-X bonds. The vital role of the aromatic π-conjugation system of graphite in this protocol has been established and was observed via numerous analytic techniques. The heterogeneous nature of graphite facilitates the high recyclability of the carbocatalyst. This effective and easy system provides a multipurpose approach for the production of valuable substituted aromatic compounds without using any metals, ligands, bases, or harsh oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Dandia
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Pratibha Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Ranveer Singh Badgoti
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Kuldeep S Rathore
- Department of Physics, Arya College of Engineering and IT Jaipur India
| | - Vijay Parewa
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
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28
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Gao R, Zhang G, Lu F, Chen L, Li Y. Pyrrole-Based Conjugated Microporous Polymers as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for Knoevenagel Condensation. Front Chem 2021; 9:687183. [PMID: 34041226 PMCID: PMC8141711 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.687183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with robust architectures, facilely tunable pore sizes and large specific surface areas have emerged as an important class of porous materials due to their demonstrated prospects in various fields, e.g. gas storage/separation and heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, two new pyrrole-based CMPs with large specific surface areas and good stabilities were successfully prepared by one-step oxidative self-polycondensation of 1,2,4,5-tetra (pyrrol-2-ly)benzene or 1,3,5-tri (pyrrol-2-ly)benzene, respectively. Interestingly, both CMPs showed very high catalytic activity toward Knoevenagel condensation reaction, which was attributed to the inherent pore channels, high specific surface areas and abundant nitrogen sites within CMPs. Additionally, both CMPs displayed excellent recyclability with negligible degradation after 10 cycles. This work provides new possibilities into designing novel nitrogen-rich high-performance heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidong Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanli Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Xie Q, Yang Y, Zhang W, Gao Z, Li X, Tang J, Pan C, Yu G. Polarization-induced charge separation in conjugated microporous polymers for efficient visible light-driven C-3 selenocyanation of indoles. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5631-5637. [PMID: 34163776 PMCID: PMC8179542 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06951e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are cost-effective photocatalysts in organic transformations, while they are usually limited by the insufficient separation of photogenerated charges. Here we report a polarization strategy through molecular geometry optimization to promote the charge separation of CMPs. Three CMP photocatalysts with an alternative donor-acceptor skeleton and tunable symmetry were synthesized by the oxidative coupling of bis-carbazoles with electron-deficient bridges (benzene/pyridine/pyrimidine). Simply regulating the polarization of the starting monomers leads to tailorable porosity, photoelectric properties, and photocatalytic activity of the CMPs. They exhibited high efficiency in C-3 selenocyanation of indoles under visible-light and at room temperature, and pyridine-based CMPs with the largest dipole moment gave a yield of up to 94%, superior to their state-of-the-art photocatalyst counterparts. Photo-physical experiments combined with theoretical calculations further supported that the incorporation of the polarized linker introduced an internal electric field, benefitting efficient charge separation. This offered new insight into developing high-performance photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujian Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Lushan South Road 932 Changsha 410083 Hunan P. R. China
| | - Yumin Yang
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University Youyi West Road 127 Xian 710072 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Lushan South Road 932 Changsha 410083 Hunan P. R. China
| | - Zhu Gao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Lushan South Road 932 Changsha 410083 Hunan P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Lushan South Road 932 Changsha 410083 Hunan P. R. China
| | - Juntao Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Lushan South Road 932 Changsha 410083 Hunan P. R. China
| | - Chunyue Pan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Lushan South Road 932 Changsha 410083 Hunan P. R. China
| | - Guipeng Yu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University Lushan South Road 932 Changsha 410083 Hunan P. R. China
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30
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Photogenerated electrophilic radicals for the umpolung of enolate chemistry. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2020.100387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Qiu X, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Long C, Su L, Liu S, Tang Z. Applications of Nanomaterials in Asymmetric Photocatalysis: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2001731. [PMID: 32672886 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric catalysis is one of the most attractive strategies to obtain important enantiomerically pure chemicals with high quality and production. In addition, thanks to the abundant and sustainable advantages of solar energy, photocatalysis possesses great potential in environmentally benign reactions. Undoubtedly, asymmetric photocatalysis meets the strict demand of modern chemistry: environmentally friendly and energy-sustainable alternatives. Compared with homogeneous asymmetric photocatalysis, heterogeneous catalysis has features of easy separation, recovery, and reuse merits, thus being cost- and time-effective. Herein, the state-of-the-art progress in asymmetric photocatalysis by heterogeneous nanomaterials is addressed. The discussion comprises two sections based on the type of nanomaterials: typical inorganic semiconductors like TiO2 and quantum dots and emerging porous materials including metal-organic frameworks, porous organic polymers, and organic cages. Finally, the challenges and future developments of heterogeneous asymmetric photocatalysis are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanfei Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chang Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lina Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaoqin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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32
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Wu S, Yu Y, Qiao K, Meng J, Jiang N, Wang J. A simple synthesis route of sodium-doped g-C3N4 nanotubes with enhanced photocatalytic performance. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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33
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Wang CA, Zhang JP, Nie K, Li YW, Li Q, Jiao GZ, Chang JG, Han YF. Tetrathienoanthracene-functionalized conjugated microporous polymers as an efficient, metal-free visible-light solid organocatalyst for heterogeneous photocatalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00488c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Constructing tetrathienoanthracene-based CMPs as an efficient porous organo-photocatalyst for heterogeneous photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-An Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taishan University
- Tai'an
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taishan University
- Tai'an
- P. R. China
| | - Kun Nie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taishan University
- Tai'an
- P. R. China
| | - Yan-Wei Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taishan University
- Tai'an
- P. R. China
| | - Qun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taishan University
- Tai'an
- P. R. China
| | - Guo-Zheng Jiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taishan University
- Tai'an
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Guo Chang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taishan University
- Tai'an
- P. R. China
| | - Yin-Feng Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taishan University
- Tai'an
- P. R. China
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34
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Zhang W, Deng J, Fang Z, Lan D, Liao Y, Zhou X, Liu Q. Promoting charge separation in donor–acceptor conjugated microporous polymers via cyanation for the photocatalytic reductive dehalogenation of chlorides. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01386f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have emerged as promising heterogeneous photocatalysts for organic transformations owing to their structural designability and functional versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiyong Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Zhengjun Fang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Donghui Lan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Yunfeng Liao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis & Waste Recycling, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
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35
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Yang L, Peng Y, Luo X, Dan Y, Ye J, Zhou Y, Zou Z. Beyond C 3N 4 π-conjugated metal-free polymeric semiconductors for photocatalytic chemical transformations. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:2147-2172. [PMID: 33331365 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00445f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalysis with stable, efficient and inexpensive metal-free catalysts is one of the most promising options for non-polluting energy production. This review article covers the state-of-the-art development of various effective metal-free polymeric photocatalysts with large π-conjugated units for chemical transformations including water splitting, CO2 and N2 reduction, organic synthesis and monomer polymerisation. The article starts with the catalytic mechanisms of metal-free photocatalysts. Then a particular focus is on the rational manipulation of π-conjugation enlargement, charge separation, electronic structures and band structures in the design of metal-free polymeric photocatalysts. Following the design principles, the selection and construction of functional units are discussed, as well as the connecting bonds and dimensions of π-conjugated polymeric photocatalysts. Finally the hot and emerging applications of metal-free polymeric photocatalysts for photocatalytic chemical transformations are summarized. The strategies provide potential avenues to address the challenges of catalyst activity, selectivity and stability in the further development of highly effective metal-free polymeric photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, P. R. China.
| | - Yuting Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, P. R. China.
| | - Xuedan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China (Sichuan University), Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Jinhua Ye
- Environmental Remediation Materials Unit National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan and TU-NIMS Joint Reseach Center School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China. and The School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China. and The School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, P. R. China
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36
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Anito DA, Wang TX, Liang HP, Ding X, Han BH. Bis(terpyridine) Ru( iii) complex functionalized porous polycarbazole for visible-light driven chemical reactions. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00527h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bis(terpyridine)Ru(iii) complex functionalized porous polycarbazole for photocatalytic amine coupling, aerobic hydroxylation of arylboronic acids, and selective oxidation of sulfides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejene Assefa Anito
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Tian-Xiong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Hai-Peng Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Xuesong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Bao-Hang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
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37
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Bryden MA, Zysman-Colman E. Organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compounds used in photocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7587-7680. [PMID: 34002736 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organic compounds that show Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) have become wildly popular as next-generation emitters in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Since 2016, a subset of these have found increasing use as photocatalysts. This review comprehensively highlights their potential by documenting the diversity of the reactions where an organic TADF photocatalyst can be used in lieu of a noble metal complex photocatalyst. Beyond the small number of TADF photocatalysts that have been used to date, the analysis conducted within this review reveals the wider potential of organic donor-acceptor TADF compounds as photocatalysts. A discussion of the benefits of compounds showing TADF for photocatalysis is presented, which paints a picture of a very promising future for organic photocatalyst development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Amy Bryden
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
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38
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All‐in‐One: Sensing, Adsorptive Removal, and Photocatalytic Degradation of Nitro‐Explosive Contaminants by Microporous Polycarbazole Polymer. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000469. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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39
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Chakraborty J, Nath I, Jabbour C, Aljammal N, Song S, Kao CM, Heynderickx PM, Verpoort F. Novel rapid room temperature synthesis of conjugated microporous polymer for metal-free photocatalytic degradation of fluoroquinolones. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122928. [PMID: 32516729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The existence of Fluoroquinolones (FQs), non-biodegradable pharmacophores, in the natural environment possesses a serious threat. We herein report a novel, rapid, room-temperature synthesis of semiconducting conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) for the decontamination of four second-generation FQs, Norfloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Ofloxacin. The CMP demonstrated impressive gas uptake and FQ adsorption ability. Decreased HOMO-LUMO bandgap resulted in enhanced exciton pair generation on visible-light-illumination. Additionally, a high degree of photocurrent response and suitable redox potentials of the material conjointly endorsed its almost quantitative FQ-degradation efficiency. Ofloxacin showed the best removal efficiency with 0.061 and 0.207 min-1 adsorption and degradation rate constants, respectively, one of the highest values reported. The CMP exhibited equipotent activity for other FQs as well. On increasing the concentration of the FQs or decreasing the incident photo-intensity, quantitative removal efficiencies are observed. Changing the pH of the medium from acidic to alkaline did not impart any change in catalytic activity as well. The reactive species involved viz. O2-, 1O2, etc. and their roles in the degradation process were determined through control and trapping experiments. A plausible in-depth mechanistic pathway was assessed from the FQ degradation intermediates, and the reactive catalytic species substantiating step-by-step break down of the antibiotic backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeet Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Organometallics, Catalysis and Ordered Materials, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Centre for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, 119 Songdomunhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Songdo, Incheon 406-840, South Korea
| | - Ipsita Nath
- Laboratory of Organometallics, Catalysis and Ordered Materials, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Centre for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, 119 Songdomunhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Songdo, Incheon 406-840, South Korea.
| | - Christia Jabbour
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, 119 Songdomunhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Songdo, Incheon 406-840, South Korea
| | - Noor Aljammal
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, 119 Songdomunhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Songdo, Incheon 406-840, South Korea
| | - Shaoxian Song
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chih-Ming Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Philippe M Heynderickx
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, 119 Songdomunhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Songdo, Incheon 406-840, South Korea; Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francis Verpoort
- Laboratory of Organometallics, Catalysis and Ordered Materials, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Centre for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, 119 Songdomunhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Songdo, Incheon 406-840, South Korea; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
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40
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Huber N, Zhang KA. Porous aromatic frameworks with precisely controllable conjugation lengths for visible light-driven photocatalytic selective C-H activation reactions. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Zheng M, Huang Y, Zhan LW, Hou J, Li BD. Visible-light-induced C-C bond cleavage of lignin model compounds with cyanobenziodoxolone. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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42
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Xiao J, Liu X, Pan L, Shi C, Zhang X, Zou JJ. Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Organic Transformation Reactions Using Conjugated Polymers-Based Materials. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xianlong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chengxiang Shi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ji-Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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43
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Xiang Z, Han W, Deng J, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Wang H. Photocatalytic Conversion of Lignin into Chemicals and Fuels. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4199-4213. [PMID: 32329562 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, an underutilized component of lignocellulosic biomass, is regarded as a rich reservoir for the production of aromatic chemicals and fuels. Despite extensive research in recent years, lignin's potential is far from being fully unlocked. Photocatalysis that uses sustainable solar energy to drive lignin conversion under mild conditions has been identified as a promising strategy and received growing research interest. This review aims to present a critical introduction to the photocatalytic conversion of lignin, including a summary of lignin conversion pathways and mechanisms, as well as the latest cutting-edge innovations on photocatalyst design and reactor construction. Moreover, the screening of solvents and regulation of other key factors that are involved in photocatalytic lignin conversion are also elucidated and future perspectives and challenges for photocatalytic conversion of lignin into valuable products are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Xiang
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wanying Han
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jin Deng
- CAS Key Lab of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Wanbin Zhu
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- CAS Key Lab of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China
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A Triformylphloroglucinol-based Covalent Organic Polymer: Synthesis, Characterization and Its Application in Visible-light-driven Oxidative Coupling Reactions of Primary Amines. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-8008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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45
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Optimizing the crystallization process of conjugated polymer photocatalysts to promote electron transfer and molecular oxygen activation. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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McCarthy C, Losada‐Garcia N, Palomo JM. Direct Synthesis of Phenols from Phenylboronic Acids in Aqueous Media Catalyzed by a Cu(0)‐Nanoparticles Biohybrid. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin McCarthy
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Cantoblanco campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain) E-mail
| | - Noelia Losada‐Garcia
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Cantoblanco campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain) E-mail
| | - Jose M. Palomo
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Cantoblanco campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain) E-mail
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47
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Yuan R, Yan Z, Shaga A, He H. Solvent-free mechanochemical synthesis of a carbazole-based porous organic polymer with high CO2 capture and separation. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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48
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Yu K, Zhang H, Sheng Y, Zhu Y. Visible-light-promoted aerobic oxidative hydroxylation of arylboronic acids in water by hydrophilic organic semiconductor. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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49
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Gao J, Du C, Xie M, Au C, Chen J, Wan L. Photocatalytic Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reactions over Palladium Anchored on 8‐Hydroxyquinoline‐Based Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic MaterialsHuanggang Normal University Huanggang 438000 China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic MaterialsHuanggang Normal University Huanggang 438000 China
| | - Ju Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic MaterialsHuanggang Normal University Huanggang 438000 China
| | - Cheng Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic MaterialsHuanggang Normal University Huanggang 438000 China
| | - Mingjiang Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic MaterialsHuanggang Normal University Huanggang 438000 China
| | - Chaktong Au
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic MaterialsHuanggang Normal University Huanggang 438000 China
| | - Jian Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic MaterialsHuanggang Normal University Huanggang 438000 China
| | - Liu Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic MaterialsHuanggang Normal University Huanggang 438000 China
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50
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Liu H, Li C, Li H, Ren Y, Chen J, Tang J, Yang Q. Structural Engineering of Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks for Visible-Light-Driven Organic Transformations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:20354-20365. [PMID: 32272831 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) emerging as a novel kind of visible light-responsive organic semiconductor have attracted extensive research attention in the field of photocatalytic organic transformations. However, the key parameters affecting their photocatalytic properties are still not clear. In this work, a series of [3 + 3] COFs with similar two-dimensional hexagonal structure but different compositions are synthesized and employed as model materials for investigating the key factors affecting the photocatalytic properties in the visible-light-driven reductive dehalogenation reaction and the aerobic cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction. In comparison with -H and -CF3, the -OH substituent in the aromatic ring could narrow the band gap of the COFs. The COFs with a triazine skeleton in the framework usually boost the photocatalytic activity, possibly because of the enhanced charge separation efficiency by the formation of a donor-acceptor domain. As a combined result of the narrow band gap, efficient charge separation, and high conductivity, the COF possessing both a -OH group and triazine skeleton shows the highest activity in the photocatalytic reductive dehalogenation reaction. Notably, COFs could be easily recovered and reused several times without the loss of crystallinity. Our primary results may shed light on the design of efficient COF-based semiconductors for photocatalytic organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chunzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yiqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Reactive Chemistry on Solid Surfaces, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jianting Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, School of Environmental and Engineering, Chongqing Three Georges University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Qihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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