1
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Ou BS, Baillet J, Filsinger Interrante MV, Adamska JZ, Zhou X, Saouaf OM, Yan J, Klich JH, Jons CK, Meany EL, Valdez AS, Carter L, Pulendran B, King NP, Appel EA. Saponin nanoparticle adjuvants incorporating Toll-like receptor agonists drive distinct immune signatures and potent vaccine responses. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn7187. [PMID: 39110802 PMCID: PMC11305391 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn7187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the development of potent and safe immune-activating adjuvant technologies has become the heart of intensive research in the constant fight against highly mutative and immune evasive viruses such as influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Herein, we developed a highly modular saponin-based nanoparticle platform incorporating Toll-like receptor agonists (TLRas) including TLR1/2a, TLR4a, and TLR7/8a adjuvants and their mixtures. These various TLRa-saponin nanoparticle adjuvant constructs induce unique acute cytokine and immune-signaling profiles, leading to specific T helper responses that could be of interest depending on the target disease for prevention. In a murine vaccine study, the adjuvants greatly improved the potency, durability, breadth, and neutralization of both COVID-19 and HIV vaccine candidates, suggesting the potential broad application of these adjuvant constructs to a range of different antigens. Overall, this work demonstrates a modular TLRa-SNP adjuvant platform that could improve the design of vaccines and affect modern vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben S. Ou
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julie Baillet
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Maria V. Filsinger Interrante
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Biophysics Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julia Z. Adamska
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xueting Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Olivia M. Saouaf
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jerry Yan
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - John H. Klich
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carolyn K. Jons
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Emily L. Meany
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Adian S. Valdez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lauren Carter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Neil P. King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Eric A. Appel
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics-Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, USA
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2
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Bouazzaoui A, Abdellatif AA. Vaccine delivery systems and administration routes: Advanced biotechnological techniques to improve the immunization efficacy. Vaccine X 2024; 19:100500. [PMID: 38873639 PMCID: PMC11170481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the first use of vaccine tell the last COVID-19 pandemic caused by spread of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide, the use of advanced biotechnological techniques has accelerated the development of different types and methods for immunization. The last pandemic showed that the nucleic acid-based vaccine, especially mRNA, has an advantage in terms of development time; however, it showed a very critical drawback namely, the higher costs when compared to other strategies, and its inability to protect against new variants. This showed the need of more improvement to reach a better delivery and efficacy. In this review we will describe different vaccine delivery systems including, the most used viral vector, and also variable strategies for delivering of nucleic acid-based vaccines especially lipid-based nanoparticles formulation, polymersomes, electroporation and also the new powerful tools for the delivery of mRNA, which is based on the use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Additionally, we will also discuss the main challenges associated with each system. Finlay, the efficacy and safety of the vaccines depends not only on the formulations and delivery systems, but also the dosage and route of administration are also important players, therefore we will see the different routes for the vaccine administration including traditionally routes (intramuscular, Transdermal, subcutaneous), oral inhalation or via nasal mucosa, and will describe the advantages and disadvantage of each administration route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellatif Bouazzaoui
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Science and Technology Unit, Umm Al Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A.H. Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, 51452 Qassim, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 71524 Assiut, Egypt
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Kim KM, D'Elia AM, Rodell CB. Hydrogel-based approaches to target hypersensitivity mechanisms underlying autoimmune disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 212:115395. [PMID: 39004347 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
A robust adaptive immune response is essential for combatting pathogens. In the wrong context such as due to genetic and environmental factors, however, the same mechanisms crucial for self-preservation can lead to a loss of self-tolerance. Resulting autoimmunity manifests in the development of a host of organ-specific or systemic autoimmune diseases, hallmarked by aberrant immune responses and tissue damage. The prevalence of autoimmune diseases is on the rise, medical management of which focuses primarily on pharmacological immunosuppression that places patients at a risk of side effects, including opportunistic infections and tumorigenesis. Biomaterial-based drug delivery systems confer many opportunities to address challenges associated with conventional disease management. Hydrogels, in particular, can protect encapsulated cargo (drug or cell therapeutics) from the host environment, afford their presentation in a controlled manner, and can be tailored to respond to disease conditions or support treatment via multiplexed functionality. Moreover, localized delivery to affected sites by these approaches has the potential to concentrate drug action at the site, reduce off-target exposure, and enhance patient compliance by reducing the need for frequent administration. Despite their many benefits for the management of autoimmune disease, such biomaterial-based approaches focus largely on the downstream effects of hypersensitivity mechanisms and have a limited capacity to eradicate the disease. In contrast, direct targeting of mechanisms of hypersensitivity reactions uniquely enables prophylaxis or the arrest of disease progression by mitigating the basis of autoimmunity. One promising approach is to induce self-antigen-specific tolerance, which specifically subdues damaging autoreactivity while otherwise retaining the normal immune responses. In this review, we will discuss hydrogel-based systems for the treatment of autoimmune disease, with a focus on those that target hypersensitivity mechanisms head-on. As the field continues to advance, it will expand the range of therapeutic choices for people coping with autoimmune diseases, providing fresh prospects for better clinical outcomes and improved quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Arielle M D'Elia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Christopher B Rodell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Brubaker SW, Walters IR, Hite EM, Antunez LR, Palm EL, Funke HH, Steadman BL. Demonstration of Tunable Control over a Delayed-Release Vaccine Using Atomic Layer Deposition. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:761. [PMID: 39066399 PMCID: PMC11281649 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12070761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Many vaccines require multiple doses for full efficacy, posing a barrier for patient adherence and protection. One solution to achieve full vaccination may be attained with single-administration vaccines containing multiple controlled release doses. In this study, delayed-release vaccines were generated using atomic layer deposition (ALD) to coat antigen-containing powders with alumina. Using in vitro and in vivo methods, we show that increasing the coat thickness controls the kinetics of antigen release and antibody response, ranging from weeks to months. Our results establish an in vitro-in vivo correlation with a level of tunable control over the antigen release and antibody response times with the potential to impact future vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sky W. Brubaker
- VitriVax, Inc., 5435 Airport Blvd Suite 106, Boulder, CO 80301, USA; (I.R.W.); (E.M.H.); (L.R.A.); (E.L.P.); (H.H.F.); (B.L.S.)
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Meany EL, Klich JH, Jons CK, Mao T, Chaudhary N, Utz A, Baillet J, Song YE, Saouaf OM, Ou BS, Williams SC, Eckman N, Irvine DJ, Appel E. Generation of an inflammatory niche in an injectable hydrogel depot through recruitment of key immune cells improves efficacy of mRNA vaccines. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.05.602305. [PMID: 39026835 PMCID: PMC11257424 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.05.602305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) delivered in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) rose to the forefront of vaccine candidates during the COVID-19 pandemic due in part to scalability, adaptability, and potency. Yet there remain critical areas for improvements of these vaccines in durability and breadth of humoral responses. In this work, we explore a modular strategy to target mRNA/LNPs to antigen presenting cells with an injectable polymer-nanoparticle (PNP) hydrogel depot technology which recruits key immune cells and forms an immunological niche in vivo. We characterize this niche on a single cell level and find it is highly tunable through incorporation of adjuvants like MPLAs and 3M-052. Delivering commercially available SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in PNP hydrogels improves the durability and quality of germinal center reactions, and the magnitude, breadth, and durability of humoral responses. The tunable immune niche formed within PNP hydrogels effectively skews immune responses based on encapsulated adjuvants, creating opportunities to precisely modulate mRNA/LNP vaccines for various indications from infectious diseases to cancers.
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6
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Ou BS, Baillet J, Filsinger Interrante MV, Adamska JZ, Zhou X, Saouaf OM, Yan J, Klich JH, Jons CK, Meany EL, Valdez AS, Carter L, Pulendran B, King NP, Appel EA. Saponin Nanoparticle Adjuvants Incorporating Toll-Like Receptor Agonists Drive Distinct Immune Signatures and Potent Vaccine Responses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.07.16.549249. [PMID: 37577608 PMCID: PMC10418080 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.16.549249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the development of potent and safe immune-activating adjuvant technologies has become the heart of intensive research in the constant fight against highly mutative and immune evasive viruses such as influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and HIV. Herein, we developed a highly modular saponin-based nanoparticle platform incorporating toll-like receptor agonists (TLRas) including TLR1/2a, TLR4a, TLR7/8a adjuvants and their mixtures. These various TLRa-SNP adjuvant constructs induce unique acute cytokine and immune-signaling profiles, leading to specific Th-responses that could be of interest depending on the target disease for prevention. In a murine vaccine study, the adjuvants greatly improved the potency, durability, breadth, and neutralization of both COVID-19 and HIV vaccine candidates, suggesting the potential broad application of these adjuvant constructs to a range of different antigens. Overall, this work demonstrates a modular TLRa-SNP adjuvant platform which could improve the design of vaccines for and dramatically impact modern vaccine development. Teaser Saponin-TLRa nanoadjuvants provide distinct immune signatures and drive potent, broad, durable COVID-19 and HIV vaccine responses.
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7
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Song T, Cao F, Huang X, Wu S, Zhou Y, Ngai T, Xia Y, Ma G. Augmenting vaccine efficacy: Tailored immune strategy with alum-stabilized Pickering emulsion. Vaccine 2024:S0264-410X(24)00649-2. [PMID: 38876839 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The achievement of optimal vaccine efficacy is contingent upon the collaborative interactions between T and B cells in adaptive immunity. Although multiple immunization strategies have been proposed, there is a notable scarcity of comprehensive investigations pertaining to enhance immune effects through immune strategy adjustments for individual vaccine. METHODS The hierarchically structured aluminum hydroxide microgel-stabilized Pickering emulsion (ASPE) was prepared by ultrasonic method. This study explored the influence of the immune strategy of ASPE to immune responses, including antigen exposure pattern, adjuvants and antigen dosage, and administration interval. RESULTS The findings revealed that external antigen adsorption facilitated increased exposure of antigen epitopes, leading to elevated IgG titers and secretion of cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) or interleukin-4 (IL-4). Additionally, even a low dose (1 μg/dose) of antigens of ASPE boosted sufficient neutralizing antibody levels and memory T cells compared to high-dose antigens, which consistent with the adjuvant dosage effect. Furthermore, maintaining a 4-week immunization interval yielded optimal levels of antigen-specific IgG titers in both short-term and long-term scenarios, as compared to intervals of 2, 3, and 5 weeks. A consistent trend was observed in the proliferation of memory B cells, reaching a superior level at the 4-week interval, which could enhance protection against viral re-infection. CONCLUSION Tailoring immunization strategies for specific vaccines has emerged as powerful driver in maximizing vaccine efficacy and eliciting robust immune responses, thereby presenting cutting-edge approaches to enhanced vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Fengqiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials and Technology in Universities of Shandong, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Sinovac Biotech Ltd., Beijing, PR China
| | - Sihua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T. 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yufei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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8
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Li J, Miller LC, Sang Y. Current Status of Vaccines for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome: Interferon Response, Immunological Overview, and Future Prospects. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:606. [PMID: 38932335 PMCID: PMC11209547 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) remains a formidable challenge for the global pig industry. Caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV), this disease primarily affects porcine reproductive and respiratory systems, undermining effective host interferon and other immune responses, resulting in vaccine ineffectiveness. In the absence of specific antiviral treatments for PRRSV, vaccines play a crucial role in managing the disease. The current market features a range of vaccine technologies, including live, inactivated, subunit, DNA, and vector vaccines, but only modified live virus (MLV) and killed virus (KV) vaccines are commercially available for PRRS control. Live vaccines are promoted for their enhanced protective effectiveness, although their ability to provide cross-protection is modest. On the other hand, inactivated vaccines are emphasized for their safety profile but are limited in their protective efficacy. This review updates the current knowledge on PRRS vaccines' interactions with the host interferon system, and other immunological aspects, to assess their current status and evaluate advents in PRRSV vaccine development. It presents the strengths and weaknesses of both live attenuated and inactivated vaccines in the prevention and management of PRRS, aiming to inspire the development of innovative strategies and technologies for the next generation of PRRS vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyi Li
- Department of Food and Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
| | - Laura C. Miller
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Yongming Sang
- Department of Food and Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, 3500 John A Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
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Yang M, Rao G, Li L, Qi L, Ma C, Zhang H, Gong J, Wei B, Zhang XE, Chen G, Cao S, Li F. Transformation of a Viral Capsid from Nanocages to Nanotubes and Then to Hydrogels: Redirected Self-Assembly and Effects on Immunogenicity. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13755-13767. [PMID: 38752610 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the self-assembly of proteins is essential to understanding the mechanisms of life and beneficial to fabricating advanced nanomaterials. Here, we report the transformation of the MS2 phage capsid from nanocages to nanotubes and then to nanotube hydrogels through simple point mutations guided by interfacial interaction redesign. We demonstrate that site 70, which lies in the flexible FG loop of the capsid protein (CP), is a "magic" site that can largely dictate the final morphology of assemblies. By varying the amino acid at site 70, with the aid of a cysteine-to-alanine mutation at site 46, we achieved the assembly of double-helical or single-helical nanotubes in addition to nanocages. Furthermore, an additional cysteine substitution on the surface of nanotubes mediated their cross-linking to form hydrogels with reducing agent responsiveness. The hierarchical self-assembly system allowed for the investigation of morphology-related immunogenicity of MS2 CPs, which revealed dramatic differences among nanocages, nanotubes, and nanotube hydrogels in terms of immune response types, antibody levels and T cell functions. This study provides insights into the assembly manipulation of protein nanomaterials and the customized design of nanovaccines and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibo Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Linlin Qi
- Institute of Geriatrics, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China
| | - Chun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xian-En Zhang
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guosong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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10
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Mietzner R, Barbey C, Lehr H, Ziegler CE, Peterhoff D, Wagner R, Goepferich A, Breunig M. Prolonged delivery of HIV-1 vaccine nanoparticles from hydrogels. Int J Pharm 2024; 657:124131. [PMID: 38643811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Immunization is a straightforward concept but remains for some pathogens like HIV-1 a challenge. Thus, new approaches towards increasing the efficacy of vaccines are required to turn the tide. There is increasing evidence that antigen exposure over several days to weeks induces a much stronger and more sustained immune response compared to traditional bolus injection, which usually leads to antigen elimination from the body within a couple of days. Therefore, we developed a poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) hydrogel platform to investigate the principal feasibility of a sustained release of antigens to mimic natural infection kinetics. Eight-and four-armed PEG macromonomers of different MWs (10, 20, and 40 kDa) were end-group functionalized to allow for hydrogel formation via covalent cross-linking. An HIV-1 envelope (Env) antigen in its trimeric (Envtri) or monomeric (Envmono) form was applied. The soluble Env antigen was compared to a formulation of Env attached to silica nanoparticles (Env-SiNPs). The latter are known to have a higher immunogenicity compared to their soluble counterparts. Hydrogels were tunable regarding the rheological behavior allowing for different degradation times and release timeframes of Env-SiNPs over two to up to 50 days. Affinity measurements of the VCR01 antibody which specifically recognizes the CD4 binding site of Env, revealed that neither the integrity nor the functionality of Envmono-SiNPs (Kd = 2.1 ± 0.9 nM) and Envtri-SiNPs (Kd = 1.5 ± 1.3 nM), respectively, were impaired after release from the hydrogel (Kd before release: 2.1 ± 0.1 and 7.8 ± 5.3 nM, respectively). Finally, soluble Env and Env-SiNPs which are two physico-chemically distinct compounds, were co-delivered and shown to be sequentially released from one hydrogel which could be beneficial in terms of heterologous immunization or single dose vaccination. In summary, this study presents a tunable, versatile applicable, and effective delivery platform that could improve vaccination effectiveness also for other infectious diseases than HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Mietzner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Clara Barbey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Heike Lehr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian E Ziegler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - David Peterhoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Wagner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Achim Goepferich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Breunig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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11
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G Popova P, Chen SP, Liao S, Sadarangani M, Blakney AK. Clinical perspective on topical vaccination strategies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 208:115292. [PMID: 38522725 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most successful measures in modern medicine to combat diseases, especially infectious diseases, and saves millions of lives every year. Vaccine design and development remains critical and involves many aspects, including the choice of platform, antigen, adjuvant, and route of administration. Topical vaccination, defined herein as the introduction of a vaccine to any of the three layers of the human skin, has attracted interest in recent years as an alternative vaccination approach to the conventional intramuscular administration because of its potential to be needle-free and induce a superior immune response against pathogens. In this review, we describe recent progress in developing topical vaccines, highlight progress in the development of delivery technologies for topical vaccines, discuss potential factors that might impact the topical vaccine efficacy, and provide an overview of the current clinical landscape of topical vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petya G Popova
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B9, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Sunny P Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B9, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Suiyang Liao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B9, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada; Life Science Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Manish Sadarangani
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak St, Vancouver, BC V6H 0B3, Canada
| | - Anna K Blakney
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B9, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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12
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Fu W, Guo M, Zhou X, Wang Z, Sun J, An Y, Guan T, Hu M, Li J, Chen Z, Ye J, Gao X, Gao GF, Dai L, Wang Y, Chen C. Injectable Hydrogel Mucosal Vaccine Elicits Protective Immunity against Respiratory Viruses. ACS NANO 2024; 18:11200-11216. [PMID: 38620102 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Intranasal vaccines, eliciting mucosal immune responses, can prevent early invasion, replication, and transmission of pathogens in the respiratory tract. However, the effective delivery of antigens through the nasal barrier and boosting of a robust systematic and mucosal immune remain challenges in intranasal vaccine development. Here, we describe an intranasally administered self-healing hydrogel vaccine with a reversible strain-dependent sol-gel transition by precisely modulating the self-assembly processes between the natural drug rhein and aluminum ions. The highly bioadhesive hydrogel vaccine enhances antigen stability and prolongs residence time in the nasal cavity and lungs by confining the antigen to the surface of the nasal mucosa, acting as a "mucosal mask". The hydrogel also stimulates superior immunoenhancing properties, including antigen internalization, cross-presentation, and dendritic cell maturation. Furthermore, the formulation recruits immunocytes to the nasal mucosa and nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) while enhancing antigen-specific humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses. Our findings present a promising strategy for preparing intranasal vaccines for infectious diseases or cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiufeng Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling An
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Guan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingdi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmin Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfa Gao
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - George Fu Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianpan Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, People's Republic of China
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13
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Li WZ, Wang ZX, Xu SY, Zhou N, Xiao J, Wang W, Liu Y, Zhang H, Wang XQ. Chaotropic Effect-Induced Sol-Gel Transition and Radical Stabilization for Bacterially Sensitive Near-Infrared Photothermal Therapy. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4649-4657. [PMID: 38572971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Deep-seated bacterial infections (DBIs) are stubborn and deeply penetrate tissues. Eliminating deep-seated bacteria and promoting tissue regeneration remain great challenges. Here, a novel radical-containing hydrogel (SFT-B Gel) cross-linked by a chaotropic effect was designed for the sensing of DBIs and near-infrared photothermal therapy (NIR-II PTT). A silk fibroin solution stained with 4,4',4″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(1-methylpyridin-1-ium) (TPT3+) was employed as the backbone, which could be cross-linked by a closo-dodecaborate cluster (B12H122-) through a chaotropic effect to form the SFT-B Gel. More interestingly, the SFT-B Gel exhibited the ability to sense DBIs, which could generate a TPT2+• radical with obvious color changes in the presence of bacteria. The radical-containing SFT-B Gel (SFT-B★ Gel) possessed strong NIR-II absorption and a remarkable photothermal effect, thus demonstrating excellent NIR-II PTT antibacterial activity for the treatment of DBIs. This work provides a new approach for the construction of intelligent hydrogels with unique properties using a chaotropic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhen Li
- Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Xin Wang
- Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Yuan Xu
- Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P. R. China
| | - Na Zhou
- Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P. R. China
| | - Ju Xiao
- Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds Materials (MOE), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Wang
- Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P. R. China
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14
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Zareein A, Mahmoudi M, Jadhav SS, Wilmore J, Wu Y. Biomaterial engineering strategies for B cell immunity modulations. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1981-2006. [PMID: 38456305 PMCID: PMC11019864 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01841e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
B cell immunity has a penetrating effect on human health and diseases. Therapeutics aiming to modulate B cell immunity have achieved remarkable success in combating infections, autoimmunity, and malignancies. However, current treatments still face significant limitations in generating effective long-lasting therapeutic B cell responses for many conditions. As the understanding of B cell biology has deepened in recent years, clearer regulation networks for B cell differentiation and antibody production have emerged, presenting opportunities to overcome current difficulties and realize the full therapeutic potential of B cell immunity. Biomaterial platforms have been developed to leverage these emerging concepts to augment therapeutic humoral immunity by facilitating immunogenic reagent trafficking, regulating T cell responses, and modulating the immune microenvironment. Moreover, biomaterial engineering tools have also advanced our understanding of B cell biology, further expediting the development of novel therapeutics. In this review, we will introduce the general concept of B cell immunobiology and highlight key biomaterial engineering strategies in the areas including B cell targeted antigen delivery, sustained B cell antigen delivery, antigen engineering, T cell help optimization, and B cell suppression. We will also discuss our perspective on future biomaterial engineering opportunities to leverage humoral immunity for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zareein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
- The BioInspired Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Mina Mahmoudi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
- The BioInspired Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Shruti Sunil Jadhav
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Joel Wilmore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Yaoying Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
- The BioInspired Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
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15
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Tang S, Pederson Z, Meany EL, Yen CW, Swansiger AK, Prell JS, Chen B, Grosskopf AK, Eckman N, Jiang G, Baillet J, Pellett JD, Appel EA. Label-Free Composition Analysis of Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels by Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Coupled with a Charged Aerosol Detector. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5860-5868. [PMID: 38567987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels formed through polymer-nanoparticle interactions are promising biocompatible materials for translational medicines. This class of hydrogels exhibits shear-thinning behavior and rapid recovery of mechanical properties, providing desirable attributes for formulating sprayable and injectable therapeutics. Characterization of hydrogel composition and loading of encapsulated drugs is critical to achieving the desired rheological behavior as well as tunable in vitro and in vivo payload release kinetics. However, quantitation of hydrogel composition is challenging due to material complexity, heterogeneity, high molecular weight, and the lack of chromophores. Here, we present a label-free approach to simultaneously determine hydrogel polymeric components and encapsulated payloads by coupling a reversed phase liquid chromatographic method with a charged aerosol detector (RPLC-CAD). The hydrogel studied consists of modified hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, self-assembled PEG-b-PLA nanoparticles, and a therapeutic compound, bimatoprost. The three components were resolved and quantitated using the RPLC-CAD method with a C4 stationary phase. The method demonstrated robust performance, applicability to alternative cargos (i.e., proteins) and was suitable for composition analysis as well as for evaluating in vitro release of cargos from the hydrogel. Moreover, this method can be used to monitor polymer degradation and material stability, which can be further elucidated by coupling the RPLC method with (1) a multi-angle light scattering detector (RPLC-MALS) or (2) high resolution mass spectrometry (RPLC-MS) and a Fourier-transform based deconvolution algorithm. We envision that this analytical strategy could be generalized to characterize critical quality attributes of other classes of supramolecular hydrogels, establish structure-property relationships, and provide rational design guidance in hydrogel drug product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Tang
- Synthetic Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Zachary Pederson
- Synthetic Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Emily L Meany
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Chun-Wan Yen
- Synthetic Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Andrew K Swansiger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - James S Prell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Bifan Chen
- Synthetic Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Abigail K Grosskopf
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Noah Eckman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Grace Jiang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Julie Baillet
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jackson D Pellett
- Synthetic Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Eric A Appel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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16
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Hartmeier PR, Ostrowski SM, Busch EE, Empey KM, Meng WS. Lymphatic distribution considerations for subunit vaccine design and development. Vaccine 2024; 42:2519-2529. [PMID: 38494411 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Subunit vaccines are an important platform for controlling current and emerging infectious diseases. The lymph nodes are the primary site generating the humoral response and delivery of antigens to these sites is critical to effective immunization. Indeed, the duration of antigen exposure within the lymph node is correlated with the antibody response. While current licensed vaccines are typically given through the intramuscular route, injecting vaccines subcutaneously allows for direct access to lymphatic vessels and therefore can enhance the transfer of antigen to the lymph nodes. However, protein subunit antigen uptake into the lymph nodes is inefficient, and subunit vaccines require adjuvants to stimulate the initial immune response. Therefore, formulation strategies have been developed to enhance the exposure of subunit proteins and adjuvants to the lymph nodes by increasing lymphatic uptake or prolonging the retention at the injection site. Given that lymph node exposure is a crucial consideration in vaccine design, in depth analyses of the pharmacokinetics of antigens and adjuvants should be the focus of future preclinical and clinical studies. This review will provide an overview of formulation strategies for targeting the lymphatics and prolonging antigen exposure and will discuss pharmacokinetic evaluations which can be applied toward vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Hartmeier
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Sarah M Ostrowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Emelia E Busch
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Kerry M Empey
- Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Wilson S Meng
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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17
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Pal S, Chaudhari R, Baurceanu I, Hill BJ, Nagy BA, Wolf MT. Extracellular Matrix Scaffold-Assisted Tumor Vaccines Induce Tumor Regression and Long-Term Immune Memory. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309843. [PMID: 38302823 PMCID: PMC11009079 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Injectable scaffold delivery is a strategy to enhance the efficacy of cancer vaccine immunotherapy. The choice of scaffold biomaterial is crucial, impacting both vaccine release kinetics and immune stimulation via the host response. Extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds prepared from decellularized tissues facilitate a pro-healing inflammatory response that promotes local cancer immune surveillance. Here, an ECM scaffold-assisted therapeutic cancer vaccine that maintains an immune microenvironment consistent with tissue reconstruction is engineered. Several immune-stimulating adjuvants are screened to develop a cancer vaccine formulated with decellularized small intestinal submucosa (SIS) ECM scaffold co-delivery. It is found that the STING pathway agonist cyclic di-AMP most effectively induces cytotoxic immunity in an ECM scaffold vaccine, without compromising key interleukin 4 (IL-4) mediated immune pathways associated with healing. ECM scaffold delivery enhances therapeutic vaccine efficacy, curing 50-75% of established E.G-7OVA lymphoma tumors in mice, while none are cured with soluble vaccine. SIS-ECM scaffold-assisted vaccination prolonged antigen exposure is dependent on CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and generates long-term antigen-specific immune memory for at least 10 months post-vaccination. This study shows that an ECM scaffold is a promising delivery vehicle to enhance cancer vaccine efficacy while being orthogonal to characteristics of pro-healing immune hallmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Pal
- Cancer Biomaterial Engineering Section, Cancer Innovation
Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
21702
| | - Rohan Chaudhari
- Cancer Biomaterial Engineering Section, Cancer Innovation
Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
21702
- OHSU School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science
University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Iris Baurceanu
- Cancer Biomaterial Engineering Section, Cancer Innovation
Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
21702
| | - Brenna J. Hill
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Bethany A. Nagy
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program (LASP), National Cancer
Institute, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Matthew T. Wolf
- Cancer Biomaterial Engineering Section, Cancer Innovation
Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
21702
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18
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Meng N, Zhou C, Sun Z, Chen X, Xiong S, Tao M, Qin Y, Hu K, Ma L, Tian D, Zhu F, Yang Y. Tailored gelatin methacryloyl-based hydrogel with near-infrared responsive delivery of Qiai essential oils boosting reactive oxygen species scavenging, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities for diabetic wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130386. [PMID: 38395288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The management of diabetic wounds poses a substantial economic and medical burden for diabetic patients. Oxidative stress and persistent bacterial infections are considered to be the primary factors. Qiai essential oil (QEO) exhibits various pharmacological characteristics, including inflammatory-reducing, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, the hydrophobic nature and propensity for explosive release of this substance present constraints on its potential for future applications. Here, we developed a stimulus-responsive hydrogel to overcome the multiple limitations of QEO-based wound dressings. The QEO was encapsulated within graphene oxide (GO) through repeated extrusion using an extruder. Subsequently, QEO@GO nanoparticles were incorporated into a Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel. The QEO@GO-GelMA hydrogel demonstrated controlled release ablation, photothermal antibacterial effects, and contact ablation against two representative bacterial strains. It effectively reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, promoted angiogenesis, and decreased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), thereby accelerating the healing process of diabetic wounds. In addition, in vitro and in vivo tests provided further evidence of the favorable biocompatibility of this multifunctional hydrogel dressing. Overall, the QEO@GO-GelMA hydrogel provides numerous benefits, encompassing antimicrobial properties, ROS-scavenging abilities, anti-inflammatory effects, and the capacity to expedite diabetic wound healing. These attributes make it an optimal choice for diabetic wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Chuchao Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiangru Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Shaotang Xiong
- The Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, The Second People's Hospital of Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Mengjuan Tao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Center for Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yueyue Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Keqiang Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Liya Ma
- The Centre of Analysis and Measurement of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Di Tian
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Fen Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Yanqing Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, China.
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19
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Ehrman RN, Brohlin OR, Wijesundara YH, Kumari S, Trashi O, Howlett TS, Trashi I, Herbert FC, Raja A, Koirala S, Tran N, Al-Kharji NM, Tang W, Senarathna MC, Hagge LM, Smaldone RA, Gassensmith JJ. A scalable synthesis of adjuvanting antigen depots based on metal-organic frameworks. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2731-2744. [PMID: 38404371 PMCID: PMC10882496 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06734c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccines have saved countless lives by preventing and even irradicating infectious diseases. Commonly used subunit vaccines comprising one or multiple recombinant proteins isolated from a pathogen demonstrate a better safety profile than live or attenuated vaccines. However, the immunogenicity of these vaccines is weak, and therefore, subunit vaccines require a series of doses to achieve sufficient immunity against the pathogen. Here, we show that the biomimetic mineralization of the inert model antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), in zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) significantly improves the humoral immune response over three bolus doses of OVA (OVA 3×). Encapsulation of OVA in ZIF-8 (OVA@ZIF) demonstrated higher serum antibody titers against OVA than OVA 3×. OVA@ZIF vaccinated mice displayed higher populations of germinal center (GC) B cells and IgG1+ GC B cells as opposed to OVA 3×, indicative of class-switching recombination. We show that the mechanism of this phenomenon is at least partly owed to the metalloimmunological effects of the zinc metal as well as the sustained release of OVA from the ZIF-8 composite. The system acts as an antigen reservoir for antigen-presenting cells to traffic into the draining lymph node, enhancing the humoral response. Lastly, our model system OVA@ZIF is produced quickly at the gram scale in a laboratory setting, sufficient for up to 20 000 vaccine doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryanne N Ehrman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Olivia R Brohlin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Yalini H Wijesundara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Sneha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Orikeda Trashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Thomas S Howlett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Ikeda Trashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Fabian C Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Arun Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Shailendra Koirala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Nancy Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Noora M Al-Kharji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Wendy Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Milinda C Senarathna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Laurel M Hagge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Ronald A Smaldone
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Jeremiah J Gassensmith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas 800 West Campbell Rd. Richardson TX 75080 USA
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20
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Palmese LL, LeValley PJ, Pradhan L, Parsons AL, Oakey JS, Abraham M, D'Addio SM, Kloxin AM, Liang Y, Kiick KL. Injectable liposome-containing click hydrogel microparticles for release of macromolecular cargos. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:1736-1745. [PMID: 38288734 PMCID: PMC10880143 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01009k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogel microparticles ranging from 0.1-100 μm, referred to as microgels, are attractive for biological applications afforded by their injectability and modularity, which allows facile delivery of mixed populations for tailored combinations of therapeutics. Significant efforts have been made to broaden methods for microgel production including via the materials and chemistries by which they are made. Via droplet-based-microfluidics we have established a method for producing click poly-(ethylene)-glycol (PEG)-based microgels with or without chemically crosslinked liposomes (lipo-microgels) through the Michael-type addition reaction between thiol and either vinyl-sulfone or maleimide groups. Unifom spherical microgels and lipo-microgels were generated with sizes of 74 ± 16 μm and 82 ± 25 μm, respectively, suggesting injectability that was further supported by rheological analyses. Super-resolution confocal microscopy was used to further verify the presence of liposomes within the lipo-microgels and determine their distribution. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was conducted to compare the mechanical properties and network architecture of bulk hydrogels, microgels, and lipo-microgels. Further, encapsulation and release of model cargo (FITC-Dextran 5 kDa) and protein (equine myoglobin) showed sustained release for up to 3 weeks and retention of protein composition and secondary structure, indicating their ability to both protect and release cargos of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa L Palmese
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
| | - Paige J LeValley
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Lina Pradhan
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Amanda L Parsons
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - John S Oakey
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Mathew Abraham
- Translational Imaging, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, USA
| | - Suzanne M D'Addio
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, USA.
| | - April M Kloxin
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Yingkai Liang
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, USA.
| | - Kristi L Kiick
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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21
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Ou BS, Baillet J, Picece VCT, Gale EC, Powell AE, Saouaf OM, Yan J, Nejatfard A, Lopez Hernandez H, Appel EA. Nanoparticle-Conjugated Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonists Improve the Potency, Durability, and Breadth of COVID-19 Vaccines. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3214-3233. [PMID: 38215338 PMCID: PMC10832347 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Development of effective vaccines for infectious diseases has been one of the most successful global health interventions in history. Though, while ideal subunit vaccines strongly rely on antigen and adjuvant(s) selection, the mode and time scale of exposure to the immune system has often been overlooked. Unfortunately, poor control over the delivery of many adjuvants, which play a key role in enhancing the quality and potency of immune responses, can limit their efficacy and cause off-target toxicities. There is a critical need for improved adjuvant delivery technologies to enhance their efficacy and boost vaccine performance. Nanoparticles have been shown to be ideal carriers for improving antigen delivery due to their shape and size, which mimic viral structures but have been generally less explored for adjuvant delivery. Here, we describe the design of self-assembled poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles decorated with CpG, a potent TLR9 agonist, to increase adjuvanticity in COVID-19 vaccines. By controlling the surface density of CpG, we show that intermediate valency is a key factor for TLR9 activation of immune cells. When delivered with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, CpG nanoparticle (CpG-NP) adjuvant greatly improves the magnitude and duration of antibody responses when compared to soluble CpG, and results in overall greater breadth of immunity against variants of concern. Moreover, encapsulation of CpG-NP into injectable polymeric-nanoparticle (PNP) hydrogels enhances the spatiotemporal control over codelivery of CpG-NP adjuvant and spike protein antigen such that a single immunization of hydrogel-based vaccines generates humoral responses comparable to those of a typical prime-boost regimen of soluble vaccines. These delivery technologies can potentially reduce the costs and burden of clinical vaccination, both of which are key elements in fighting a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben S. Ou
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Julie Baillet
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Vittoria C. T.
M. Picece
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Emily C. Gale
- Department
of Biochemistry, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Abigail E. Powell
- Department
of Biochemistry, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford
ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Olivia M. Saouaf
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jerry Yan
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Anahita Nejatfard
- Department
of Biochemistry, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hector Lopez Hernandez
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eric A. Appel
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford
ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Pediatrics - Endocrinology, Stanford
University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Woods
Institute for the Environment, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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22
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Aung A, Irvine DJ. Modulating Antigen Availability in Lymphoid Organs to Shape the Humoral Immune Response to Vaccines. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:171-178. [PMID: 38166252 PMCID: PMC10768795 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Primary immune responses following vaccination are initiated in draining lymph nodes, where naive T and B cells encounter Ag and undergo coordinated steps of activation. For humoral immunity, the amount of Ag present over time, its localization to follicles and follicular dendritic cells, and the Ag's structural state all play important roles in determining the subsequent immune response. Recent studies have shown that multiple elements of vaccine design can impact Ag availability in lymphoid tissues, including the choice of adjuvant, physical form of the immunogen, and dosing kinetics. These vaccine design elements affect the transport of Ag to lymph nodes, Ag's localization in the tissue, the duration of Ag availability, and the structural integrity of the Ag. In this review, we discuss these findings and their implications for engineering more effective vaccines, particularly for difficult to neutralize pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aereas Aung
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Darrell J. Irvine
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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23
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Zhang Z, He C, Chen X. Designing Hydrogels for Immunomodulation in Cancer Therapy and Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308894. [PMID: 37909463 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The immune system not only acts as a defense against pathogen and cancer cells, but also plays an important role in homeostasis and tissue regeneration. Targeting immune systems is a promising strategy for efficient cancer treatment and regenerative medicine. Current systemic immunomodulation therapies are usually associated with low persistence time, poor targeting to action sites, and severe side effects. Due to their extracellular matrix-mimetic nature, tunable properties and diverse bioactivities, hydrogels are intriguing platforms to locally deliver immunomodulatory agents and cells, as well as provide an immunomodulatory microenvironment to recruit, activate, and expand host immune cells. In this review, the design considerations, including polymer backbones, crosslinking mechanisms, physicochemical nature, and immunomodulation-related components, of the hydrogel platforms, are focused on. The immunomodulatory effects and therapeutic outcomes in cancer therapy and tissue regeneration of different hydrogel systems are emphasized, including hydrogel depots for delivery of immunomodulatory agents, hydrogel scaffolds for cell delivery, and immunomodulatory hydrogels depending on the intrinsic properties of materials. Finally, the remained challenges in current systems and future development of immunomodulatory hydrogels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Chaoliang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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24
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Gao X, Wang X, Li S, Saif Ur Rahman M, Xu S, Liu Y. Nanovaccines for Advancing Long-Lasting Immunity against Infectious Diseases. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24514-24538. [PMID: 38055649 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases, particularly life-threatening pathogens such as small pox and influenza, have substantial implications on public health and global economies. Vaccination is a key approach to combat existing and emerging pathogens. Immunological memory is an essential characteristic used to evaluate vaccine efficacy and durability and the basis for the long-term effects of vaccines in protecting against future infections; however, optimizing the potency, improving the quality, and enhancing the durability of immune responses remains challenging and a focus for research involving investigation of nanovaccine technologies. In this review, we describe how nanovaccines can address the challenges for conventional vaccines in stimulating adaptive immune memory responses to protect against reinfection. We discuss protein and nonprotein nanoparticles as useful antigen platforms, including those with highly ordered and repetitive antigen array presentation to enhance immunogenicity through cross-linking with multiple B cell receptors, and with a focus on antigen properties. In addition, we describe how nanoadjuvants can improve immune responses by providing enhanced access to lymph nodes, lymphnode targeting, germinal center retention, and long-lasting immune response generation. Nanotechnology has the advantage to facilitate vaccine induction of long-lasting immunity against infectious diseases, now and in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xinlian Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Shilin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | | | - Shanshan Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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25
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Wang EY, Sarmadi M, Ying B, Jaklenec A, Langer R. Recent advances in nano- and micro-scale carrier systems for controlled delivery of vaccines. Biomaterials 2023; 303:122345. [PMID: 37918182 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines provide substantial safety against infectious diseases, saving millions of lives each year. The recent COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of vaccination in providing mass-scale immunization against outbreaks. However, the delivery of vaccines imposes a unique set of challenges due to their large molecular size and low room temperature stability. Advanced biomaterials and delivery systems such as nano- and mciro-scale carriers are becoming critical components for successful vaccine development. In this review, we provide an updated overview of recent advances in the development of nano- and micro-scale carriers for controlled delivery of vaccines, focusing on carriers compatible with nucleic acid-based vaccines and therapeutics that emerged amid the recent pandemic. We start by detailing nano-scale delivery systems, focusing on nanoparticles, then move on to microscale systems including hydrogels, microparticles, and 3D printed microneedle patches. Additionally, we delve into emerging methods that move beyond traditional needle-based applications utilizing innovative delivery systems. Future challenges for clinical translation and manufacturing in this rapidly advancing field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Yan Wang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Morteza Sarmadi
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Binbin Ying
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ana Jaklenec
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Robert Langer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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26
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d'Aquino AI, Maikawa CL, Nguyen LT, Lu K, Hall IA, Jons CK, Kasse CM, Yan J, Prossnitz AN, Chang E, Baker SW, Hovgaard L, Steensgaard DB, Andersen HB, Simonsen L, Appel EA. Use of a biomimetic hydrogel depot technology for sustained delivery of GLP-1 receptor agonists reduces burden of diabetes management. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101292. [PMID: 37992687 PMCID: PMC10694761 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone and neurotransmitter secreted from intestinal L cells in response to nutrients to stimulate insulin and block glucagon secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have become central to treating type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, these therapies are burdensome, as they must be taken daily or weekly. Technological innovations that enable less frequent administrations would reduce patient burden and increase patient compliance. Herein, we leverage an injectable hydrogel depot technology to develop a GLP-1 RA drug product capable of months-long GLP-1 RA delivery. Using a rat model of T2D, we confirm that one injection of hydrogel-based therapy sustains exposure of GLP-1 RA over 42 days, corresponding to a once-every-4-months therapy in humans. Hydrogel therapy maintains management of blood glucose and weight comparable to daily injections of a leading GLP-1 RA drug. This long-acting GLP-1 RA treatment is a promising therapy for more effective T2D management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea I d'Aquino
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Caitlin L Maikawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leslee T Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Katie Lu
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ian A Hall
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carolyn K Jons
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Catherine M Kasse
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jerry Yan
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alexander N Prossnitz
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Enmian Chang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sam W Baker
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lars Hovgaard
- Department of Biophysics and Formulations, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, 2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Dorte B Steensgaard
- Department of Biophysics and Formulations, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, 2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Hanne B Andersen
- Department of Biophysics and Formulations, Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Park, 2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Lotte Simonsen
- Department of Obesity Research, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk Park, 2760 Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Eric A Appel
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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27
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Bhagchandani SH, Yang L, Maiorino L, Ben-Akiva E, Rodrigues KA, Romanov A, Suh H, Aung A, Wu S, Wadhera A, Chakraborty AK, Irvine DJ. Two-dose "extended priming" immunization amplifies humoral immune responses by synchronizing vaccine delivery with the germinal center response. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.20.563479. [PMID: 38045401 PMCID: PMC10690148 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.20.563479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
"Extended priming" immunization regimens that prolong exposure of the immune system to vaccines during the primary immune response have shown promise in enhancing humoral immune responses to a variety of subunit vaccines in preclinical models. We previously showed that escalating-dosing immunization (EDI), where a vaccine is dosed every other day in an increasing pattern over 2 weeks dramatically amplifies humoral immune responses. But such a dosing regimen is impractical for prophylactic vaccines. We hypothesized that simpler dosing regimens might replicate key elements of the immune response triggered by EDI. Here we explored "reduced ED" immunization regimens, assessing the impact of varying the number of injections, dose levels, and dosing intervals during EDI. Using a stabilized HIV Env trimer as a model antigen combined with a potent saponin adjuvant, we found that a two-shot extended-prime regimen consisting of immunization with 20% of a given vaccine dose followed by a second shot with the remaining 80% of the dose 7 days later resulted in increased total GC B cells, 5-10-fold increased frequencies of antigen-specific GC B cells, and 10-fold increases in serum antibody titers compared to single bolus immunization. Computational modeling of the GC response suggested that this enhanced response is mediated by antigen delivered in the second dose being captured more efficiently as immune complexes in follicles, predictions we verified experimentally. Our computational and experimental results also highlight how properly designed reduced ED protocols enhance activation and antigen loading of dendritic cells and activation of T helper cells to amplify humoral responses. These results suggest that a two-shot priming approach can be used to substantially enhance responses to subunit vaccines.
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28
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Ou BS, Saouaf OM, Yan J, Bruun TUJ, Baillet J, Zhou X, King NP, Appel EA. Broad and Durable Humoral Responses Following Single Hydrogel Immunization of SARS-CoV-2 Subunit Vaccine. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301495. [PMID: 37278391 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Most vaccines require several immunizations to induce robust immunity, and indeed, most SARS-CoV-2 vaccines require an initial two-shot regimen followed by several boosters to maintain efficacy. Such a complex series of immunizations unfortunately increases the cost and complexity of populations-scale vaccination and reduces overall compliance and vaccination rate. In a rapidly evolving pandemic affected by the spread of immune-escaping variants, there is an urgent need to develop vaccines capable of providing robust and durable immunity. In this work, a single immunization SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine is developed that can rapidly generate potent, broad, and durable humoral immunity. Injectable polymer-nanoparticle (PNP) hydrogels are leveraged as a depot technology for the sustained delivery of a nanoparticle antigen (RND-NP) displaying multiple copies of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) and potent adjuvants including CpG and 3M-052. Compared to a clinically relevant prime-boost regimen with soluble vaccines formulated with CpG/alum or 3M-052/alum adjuvants, PNP hydrogel vaccines more rapidly generated higher, broader, and more durable antibody responses. Additionally, these single-immunization hydrogel-based vaccines elicit potent and consistent neutralizing responses. Overall, it is shown that PNP hydrogels elicit improved anti-COVID immune responses with only a single administration, demonstrating their potential as critical technologies to enhance overall pandemic readiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben S Ou
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Olivia M Saouaf
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jerry Yan
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Theodora U J Bruun
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Julie Baillet
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, 33600, France
| | - Xueting Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Eric A Appel
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics-Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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29
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Kerr MD, Johnson WT, McBride DA, Chumber AK, Shah NJ. Biodegradable scaffolds for enhancing vaccine delivery. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10591. [PMID: 38023723 PMCID: PMC10658593 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained release of vaccine components is a potential method to boost efficacy compared with traditional bolus injection. Here, we show that a biodegradable hyaluronic acid (HA)-scaffold, termed HA cryogel, mediates sustained antigen and adjuvant release in vivo leading to a durable immune response. Delivery from subcutaneously injected HA cryogels was assessed and a formulation which enhanced the immune response while minimizing the inflammation associated with the foreign body response was identified, termed CpG-OVA-HAC2. Dose escalation studies with CpG-OVA-HAC2 demonstrated that both the antibody and T cell responses were dose-dependent and influenced by the competency of neutrophils to perform oxidative burst. In immunodeficient post-hematopoietic stem cell transplanted mice, immunization with CpG-OVA-HAC2 elicited a strong antibody response, three orders of magnitude higher than dose-matched bolus injection. In a melanoma model, CpG-OVA-HAC2 induced dose-responsive prophylactic protection, slowing the tumor growth rate and enhancing overall survival. Upon rechallenge, none of the mice developed new tumors suggesting the development of robust immunological memory and long-lasting protection against repeat infections. CpG-OVA-HAC2 also enhanced survival in mice with established tumors. The results from this work support the potential for CpG-OVA-HAC2 to enhance vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Kerr
- Department of NanoengineeringUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Chemical Engineering ProgramUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wade T. Johnson
- Department of NanoengineeringUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - David A. McBride
- Department of NanoengineeringUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Chemical Engineering ProgramUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Arun K. Chumber
- Department of NanoengineeringUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Chemical Engineering ProgramUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Nisarg J. Shah
- Department of NanoengineeringUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Chemical Engineering ProgramUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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30
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Hartmeier PR, Kosanovich JL, Velankar KY, Ostrowski SM, Busch EE, Lipp MA, Empey KM, Meng WS. Modeling the kinetics of lymph node retention and exposure of a cargo protein delivered by biotin-functionalized nanoparticles. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:453-463. [PMID: 37652212 PMCID: PMC10592217 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Generation of protective immunity through vaccination arises from the adaptive immune response developed primarily in the lymph nodes drained from the immunization site. Relative to the intramuscular route, subcutaneous administration allows for direct and rapid access to the lymphatics, but accumulation of soluble protein antigens within the lymph nodes is limited. Subunit vaccines also require immune stimulating adjuvants which may not accumulate in the same lymph nodes simultaneously with antigen. Herein we report the use of biotinylated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (bNPs) to enhance delivery of a model protein antigen to the lymphatics. bNPs provide dual functionality as adjuvant and vehicle to localize antigens with stimulated immune cells in the same draining lymph node. Using streptavidin as a model antigen, which can be loaded directly onto the bNP surface, we evaluated the kinetics of lymph node occupancy and adaptive immune responses in wildtype C57BL/6 mice. Antigen exposure in vivo was significantly improved through surface loading onto bNPs, and we developed a working kinetic model to account for the retention of both particles and antigen in draining lymph nodes. We observed enhanced T cell responses and antigen-specific B cell response in vivo when antigen was delivered on the particle surface. This work highlights the advantage of combining intrinsic adjuvant and antigen loading in a single entity, and the utility of kinetic modeling in the understanding of particle-based vaccines. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Development of safe and effective subunit vaccines depends on effective formulations that render optimized exposure and colocalization of antigens and adjuvants. In this work, we utilize a nanoparticle system which features self-adjuvanting properties and allows for surface loading of recombinant protein antigens. Using in vivo imaging, we demonstrated prolonged co-localization of the antigen and adjuvant particles in draining lymph nodes and provided evidence of B cell activation for up to 21 days following subcutaneous injection. A pharmacokinetic model was developed as a step towards bridging the translational gap between particulate-based vaccines and observed outcomes. The results have implications for the rational design of particle-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Hartmeier
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Jessica L Kosanovich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Ketki Y Velankar
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Sarah M Ostrowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Emelia E Busch
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Madeline A Lipp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Kerry M Empey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Wilson S Meng
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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Tang S, Pederson Z, Meany EL, Yen CW, Swansiger AK, Prell JS, Chen B, Grosskopf AK, Eckman N, Jiang G, Baillet J, Pellett JD, Appel EA. Label-Free Composition Analysis of Supramolecular Polymer - Nanoparticle Hydrogels by Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Coupled with a Charged Aerosol Detector. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.11.553055. [PMID: 37609276 PMCID: PMC10441420 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.11.553055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels formed through polymer-nanoparticle interactions are promising biocompatible materials for translational medicines. This class of hydrogels exhibits shear-thinning behavior and rapid recovery of mechanical properties following applied stresses, providing desirable attributes for formulating sprayable and injectable therapeutics. Characterization of hydrogel composition and loading of encapsulated drugs is critical to achieving desired rheological behavior as well as tunable in vitro and in vivo payload release kinetics. However, quantitation of hydrogel compositions is challenging due to material complexity, heterogeneity, high molecular weight, and the lack of chromophores. Here, we present a label-free approach to simultaneously determine hydrogel polymeric components and encapsulated payloads by coupling a reversed phase liquid chromatographic method with a charged aerosol detector (RPLC-CAD). The hydrogel studied consists of modified hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, self-assembled PEG-b-PLA nanoparticles, and a therapeutic compound, Bimatoprost. The three components were resolved and quantitated using the RPLC-CAD method with a C4 stationary phase. The method demonstrated robust performance, applicability to alternative cargos (i.e. proteins), and was suitable for composition analysis as well as for evaluating in vitro release of cargos from the hydrogel. Moreover, this method can be used to monitor polymer degradation and material stability, which can be further elucidated by coupling the RPLC method with high resolution mass spectrometry and a Fourier-transform based deconvolution algorithm. To our knowledge, this is the first RPLC-CAD method for characterizing the critical quality attributes of supramolecular hydrogels. We envision this analytical strategy could be generalized to characterize other classes of supramolecular hydrogels, establish structure-property relationships, and provide rational design guidance in hydrogel drug product development.
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Bezold MG, Hanna AR, Dollinger BR, Patil P, Yu F, Duvall CL, Gupta MK. Hybrid Shear-thinning Hydrogel Integrating Hyaluronic Acid with ROS-Responsive Nanoparticles. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2023; 33:2213368. [PMID: 38107427 PMCID: PMC10723243 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202213368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) supra-assembly offers unique opportunities to tune macroscopic hydrogels' mechanical strength, material degradation, and drug delivery properties. Here, synthetic, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive NPs are physically crosslinked with hyaluronic acid (HA) through guest-host chemistry to create shear-thinning NP/HA hydrogels. A library of triblock copolymers composed of poly(propylene sulfide)-bl-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)-bl-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide-co-N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide) are synthesized with varied triblock architectures and adamantane grafting densities and then self-assembled into NPs displaying adamantane on their corona. Self-assembled NPs are mixed with β-cyclodextrin grafted HA to yield eighteen NP/HA hydrogel formulations. The NP/HA hydrogel platform demonstrates superior mechanical strength to HA-only hydrogels, susceptibility to oxidative/enzymatic degradation, and inherent cell-protective, antioxidant function. The performance of NP/HA hydrogels is shown to be affected by triblock architecture, guest/host grafting densities, and HA composition. In particular, the length of the hydrophilic second block and adamantane grafting density of self-assembled NPs significantly impacts hydrogel mechanical properties and shear-thinning behavior, while ROS-reactivity of poly(propylene sulfide) protects cells from cytotoxic ROS and reduces oxidative degradation of HA compared to HA-only hydrogels. This work provides insight into polymer structure-function considerations for designing hybrid NP/HA hydrogels and identifies antioxidant, shear-thinning hydrogels as promising injectable delivery platforms for small molecule drugs and therapeutic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah G. Bezold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Andrew R. Hanna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Bryan R. Dollinger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Prarthana Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Craig L. Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Mukesh K. Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
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Zhao T, Cai Y, Jiang Y, He X, Wei Y, Yu Y, Tian X. Vaccine adjuvants: mechanisms and platforms. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:283. [PMID: 37468460 PMCID: PMC10356842 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01557-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjuvants are indispensable components of vaccines. Despite being widely used in vaccines, their action mechanisms are not yet clear. With a greater understanding of the mechanisms by which the innate immune response controls the antigen-specific response, the adjuvants' action mechanisms are beginning to be elucidated. Adjuvants can be categorized as immunostimulants and delivery systems. Immunostimulants are danger signal molecules that lead to the maturation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals, which in turn enhance the adaptive immune responses. On the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that facilitate antigen presentation by prolonging the bioavailability of the loaded antigens, as well as targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. The adjuvants' action mechanisms are systematically summarized at the beginning of this review. This is followed by an introduction of the mechanisms, properties, and progress of classical vaccine adjuvants. Furthermore, since some of the adjuvants under investigation exhibit greater immune activation potency than classical adjuvants, which could compensate for the deficiencies of classical adjuvants, a summary of the adjuvant platforms under investigation is subsequently presented. Notably, we highlight the different action mechanisms and immunological properties of these adjuvant platforms, which will provide a wide range of options for the rational design of different vaccines. On this basis, this review points out the development prospects of vaccine adjuvants and the problems that should be paid attention to in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingmei Zhao
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulong Cai
- Division of Biliary Tract Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujie Jiang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei He
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Yu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohe Tian
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Lykins WR, Fox CB. Practical Considerations for Next-Generation Adjuvant Development and Translation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1850. [PMID: 37514037 PMCID: PMC10385070 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last several years, there has been increased interest from academia and the pharmaceutical/biotech industry in the development of vaccine adjuvants for new and emerging vaccine modalities. Despite this, vaccine adjuvant development still has some of the longest timelines in the pharmaceutical space, from discovery to clinical approval. The reasons for this are manyfold and range from complexities in translation from animal to human models, concerns about safety or reactogenicity, to challenges in sourcing the necessary raw materials at scale. In this review, we will describe the current state of the art for many adjuvant technologies and how they should be approached or applied in the development of new vaccine products. We postulate that there are many factors to be considered and tools to be applied earlier on in the vaccine development pipeline to improve the likelihood of clinical success. These recommendations may require a modified approach to some of the common practices in new product development but would result in more accessible and practical adjuvant-containing products.
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Schluck M, Weiden J, Verdoes M, Figdor CG. Insights in the host response towards biomaterial-based scaffolds for cancer therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1149943. [PMID: 37342507 PMCID: PMC10277494 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1149943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapeutic strategies have shown promising results in the treatment of cancer. However, not all patients respond, and treatments can have severe side-effects. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) has shown remarkable therapeutic efficacy across different leukaemia and lymphoma types. But the treatment of solid tumours remains a challenge due to limited persistence and tumour infiltration. We believe that biomaterial-based scaffolds are promising new tools and may address several of the challenges associated with cancer vaccination and ACT. In particular, biomaterial-based scaffold implants allow for controlled delivery of activating signals and/or functional T cells at specific sites. One of the main challenges for their application forms the host response against these scaffolds, which includes unwanted myeloid cell infiltration and the formation of a fibrotic capsule around the scaffold, thereby limiting cell traffic. In this review we provide an overview of several of the biomaterial-based scaffolds designed for cancer therapy to date. We will discuss the host responses observed and we will highlight design parameters that influence this response and their potential impact on therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein Schluck
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jorieke Weiden
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Carl G. Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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36
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Walvekar P, Kumar P, Choonara YE. Long-acting vaccine delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 198:114897. [PMID: 37225091 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bolus vaccines are often administered multiple times due to rapid clearance and reduced transportation to draining lymph nodes resulting in inadequate activation of T and B lymphocytes. In order to achieve adaptive immunity, prolonged exposure of antigens to these immune cells is crucial. Recent research has been focusing on developing long-acting biomaterial-based vaccine delivery systems, which can modulate the release of encapsulated antigens or epitopes to facilitate enhanced antigen presentation in lymph nodes and subsequently achieve robust T and B cell responses. Over the past few years, various polymers and lipids have been extensively explored to develop effective biomaterial-based vaccine strategies. The article reviews relevant polymer and lipid-based strategies used to prepare long-acting vaccine carriers and discusses their results concerning immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Walvekar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa.
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37
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Mao L, Ma P, Luo X, Cheng H, Wang Z, Ye E, Loh XJ, Wu YL, Li Z. Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Nanovaccines Toward Next-Generation Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37207347 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanovaccines that employ polymeric delivery carriers has garnered substantial interest in therapeutic treatment of cancer and a variety of infectious diseases due to their superior biocompatibility, lower toxicity and reduced immunogenicity. Particularly, stimuli-responsive polymeric nanocarriers show great promise for delivering antigens and adjuvants to targeted immune cells, preventing antigen degradation and clearance, and increasing the uptake of specific antigen-presenting cells, thereby sustaining adaptive immune responses and improving immunotherapy for certain diseases. In this review, the most recent advances in the utilization of stimulus-responsive polymer-based nanovaccines for immunotherapeutic applications are presented. These sophisticated polymeric nanovaccines with diverse functions, aimed at therapeutic administration for disease prevention and immunotherapy, are further classified into several active domains, including pH, temperature, redox, light and ultrasound-sensitive intelligent nanodelivery systems. Finally, the potential strategies for the future design of multifunctional next-generation polymeric nanovaccines by integrating materials science with biological interface are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuzhou Mao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Panqin Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xi Luo
- BE/Phase I Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhanxiang Wang
- BE/Phase I Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Enyi Ye
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore
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Dual-crosslinked bioadhesive hydrogel as NIR/pH stimulus-responsiveness platform for effectively accelerating wound healing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 637:20-32. [PMID: 36682115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Adhesive hydrogels have emerged as promising candidates to solve life-threatening infectious skin injuries. However, the inadequate mechanical characteristics and biological adherence limit the traditional wound dressing unable to adapt to high-frequency movement and real-time monitoring of wound healing, calling for the development of bioadhesive materials guided wound healing. In this work, a multifunctional bioadhesive hydrogel with double colorimetric-integrated of polyethylene glycol (PVA)-dextran (Dex)-borax-bromothymol blue (BTB)-fluorescein thiocyanate (FITC) and functionalization by tungsten disulfide-catechol nanozyme (CL/WS2) was created. Hydrogel is a perfect biological adhesive, which can achieve repeatable and strong tissue adhesion strength (8.3 ± 0.6 kPa), which is 1.66 times that of commercial dressings. Based on the strong biological adhesion of the hydrogel, a sensor is integrated into the hydrogel to collect visual image of bacterial infection from a smartphone and transform it into an on-site pH signal for remote evaluation of the wound's dynamic status in real time. Ultimately, the adhesiveness hydrogel has high worth in managing the burden related to wound healing and paving the way for intelligent wound management in the future.
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Di J, Wang J, Wang S, Ma M, Zhang H, Liu N, Zheng A, Gao X, Liu B, Gao J. Self-Boosting Vaccination Based on Pulsatile Antigen Release from Core-Shell Microparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207892. [PMID: 36732845 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is among the most effective ways to prevent infectious diseases. Subunit vaccines are safe but usually require multiple booster shots, which may lead to immunity loss and economic consume. In this study, a self-boosting vaccine is developed based on the pulsatile release of antigen from the core-shell microparticle after single-injection immunization. Self-healing technology applied to form an "antigen core" can avoid organic solvents from destroying the spatial structure of the antigen. The "antigen shell" is built-up by self-assemble of the antigen with the opposite charged polypeptide. Primary immunization occurs with the self-assembled film disintegration, and the booster comes with the microparticle degradation. The changing of antigen-specific antibodies after immunization with the core-shell microparticle vaccine is consistent with that caused by the two shots of immunization. The immune effect and safety evaluation results support the translational potential of this self-boosting core-shell microparticle vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Di
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Jinyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Ming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Nan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Microorganism Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
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Rama B, Ribeiro AJ. Role of nanotechnology in the prolonged release of drugs by the subcutaneous route. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:559-577. [PMID: 37305971 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2214362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subcutaneous physiology is distinct from other parenteral routes that benefit the administration of prolonged-release formulations. A prolonged-release effect is particularly convenient for treating chronic diseases because it is associated with complex and often prolonged posologies. Therefore, drug-delivery systems focused on nanotechnology are proposed as alternatives that can overcome the limitations of current therapeutic regimens and improve therapeutic efficacy. AREAS COVERED This review presents an updated systematization of nanosystems, focusing on their applications in highly prevalent chronic diseases. Subcutaneous-delivered nanosystem-based therapies comprehensively summarize nanosystems, drugs, and diseases and their advantages, limitations, and strategies to increase their translation into clinical applications. An outline of the potential contribution of quality-by-design (QbD) and artificial intelligence (AI) to the pharmaceutical development of nanosystems is presented. EXPERT OPINION Although recent academic research and development (R&D) advances in the subcutaneous delivery of nanosystems have exhibited promising results, pharmaceutical industries and regulatory agencies need to catch up. The lack of standardized methodologies for analyzing in vitro data from nanosystems for subcutaneous administration and subsequent in vivo correlation limits their access to clinical trials. There is an urgent need for regulatory agencies to develop methods that faithfully mimic subcutaneous administration and specific guidelines for evaluating nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rama
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A J Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Genetics of Cognitive Disfunction, i3S, IBMC, Porto, Portugal
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41
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Yan J, Ou BS, Saouaf OM, Meany EL, Eckman N, Appel EA. A regimen compression strategy for commercial vaccines leveraging an injectable hydrogel depot technology for sustained vaccine exposure. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.23.534005. [PMID: 36993717 PMCID: PMC10055424 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.23.534005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Equitable global access to vaccines requires we overcome challenges associated with complex immunization schedules and their associated economic burdens that hinder delivery in under resourced environments. The rabies vaccine, for example, requires multiple immunizations for effective protection and each dose is cost prohibitive, and therefore inaccessibility disproportionately impacts low- and middle-income countries. In this work we developed an injectable hydrogel depot technology for sustained delivery of commercial inactivated rabies virus vaccines. In a mouse model, we showed that a single immunization of a hydrogel-based rabies vaccine elicited comparable antibody titers to a standard prime-boost bolus regimen of a commercial rabies vaccine, despite these hydrogel vaccines comprising only half of the total dose delivered in the bolus control. Moreover, these hydrogel-based vaccines elicited similar antigen-specific T-cell responses and neutralizing antibody responses compared to the bolus vaccine. Notably, we demonstrated that while addition of a potent clinical TLR4 agonist adjuvant to the gels slightly improved binding antibody responses, inclusion of this adjuvant to the inactivated virion vaccine was detrimental to neutralizing responses. Taken together, these results suggest that these hydrogels can enable an effective regimen compression and dosesparing strategy for improving global access to vaccines.
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Fan B, Torres García D, Salehi M, Webber MJ, van Kasteren SI, Eelkema R. Dynamic Covalent Dextran Hydrogels as Injectable, Self-Adjuvating Peptide Vaccine Depots. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:652-659. [PMID: 36799174 PMCID: PMC10028604 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Dextran-based hydrogels are promising therapeutic materials for drug delivery, tissue regeneration devices, and cell therapy vectors, due to their high biocompatibility, along with their ability to protect and release active therapeutic agents. This report describes the synthesis, characterization, and application of a new dynamic covalent dextran hydrogel as an injectable depot for peptide vaccines. Dynamic covalent crosslinks based on double Michael addition of thiols to alkynones impart the dextran hydrogel with shear-thinning and self-healing capabilities, enabling hydrogel injection. These injectable, non-toxic hydrogels show adjuvant potential and have predictable sub-millimolar loading and release of the peptide antigen SIINFEKL, which after its release is able to activate T-cells, demonstrating that the hydrogels deliver peptides without modifying their immunogenicity. This work demonstrates the potential of dynamic covalent dextran hydrogels as a sustained-release material for the delivery of peptide vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Diana Torres García
- Division of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Immunology, Leiden University, Gorlaeus Laboratory, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marziye Salehi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- Division of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Immunology, Leiden University, Gorlaeus Laboratory, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew J Webber
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Sander I van Kasteren
- Division of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Immunology, Leiden University, Gorlaeus Laboratory, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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Nordin AH, Husna SMN, Ahmad Z, Nordin ML, Ilyas RA, Azemi AK, Ismail N, Siti NH, Ngadi N, Azami MSM, Mohamad Norpi AS, Reduan MFH, Osman AY, Pratama DAOA, Nabgan W, Shaari R. Natural Polymeric Composites Derived from Animals, Plants, and Microbes for Vaccine Delivery and Adjuvant Applications: A Review. Gels 2023; 9:227. [PMID: 36975676 PMCID: PMC10048722 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A key element in ensuring successful immunization is the efficient delivery of vaccines. However, poor immunogenicity and adverse inflammatory immunogenic reactions make the establishment of an efficient vaccine delivery method a challenging task. The delivery of vaccines has been performed via a variety of delivery methods, including natural-polymer-based carriers that are relatively biocompatible and have low toxicity. The incorporation of adjuvants or antigens into biomaterial-based immunizations has demonstrated better immune response than formulations that just contain the antigen. This system may enable antigen-mediated immunogenicity and shelter and transport the cargo vaccine or antigen to the appropriate target organ. In this regard, this work reviews the recent applications of natural polymer composites from different sources, such as animals, plants, and microbes, in vaccine delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Hassan Nordin
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Siti Muhamad Nur Husna
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Zuliahani Ahmad
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Luqman Nordin
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bharu 16100, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Centre for Veterinary Vaccinology (VetVaCC), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bharu 16100, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Khusairi Azemi
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Noraznawati Ismail
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nordin Hawa Siti
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Norzita Ngadi
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Abdin Shakirin Mohamad Norpi
- Faculty Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farhan Hanif Reduan
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bharu 16100, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Centre for Veterinary Vaccinology (VetVaCC), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bharu 16100, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Abdinasir Yusuf Osman
- The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield AL9 7TA, Hertfordshire, UK
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of Health, Corso Somalia Street, Shingani, Mogadishu P.O. Box 22, Somalia
| | | | - Walid Nabgan
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rumaizi Shaari
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bharu 16100, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Kasse CM, Yu AC, Powell AE, Roth GA, Liong CS, Jons CK, Buahin A, Maikawa CL, Zhou X, Youssef S, Glanville JE, Appel EA. Subcutaneous delivery of an antibody against SARS-CoV-2 from a supramolecular hydrogel depot. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2065-2079. [PMID: 36723072 PMCID: PMC10012178 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00819j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged maintenance of therapeutically-relevant levels of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is necessary to enable passive immunization against infectious disease. Unfortunately, protection only lasts for as long as these bnAbs remain present at a sufficiently high concentration in the body. Poor pharmacokinetics and burdensome administration are two challenges that need to be addressed in order to make pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis with bnAbs feasible and effective. In this work, we develop a supramolecular hydrogel as an injectable, subcutaneous depot to encapsulate and deliver antibody drug cargo. This polymer-nanoparticle (PNP) hydrogel exhibits shear-thinning and self-healing properties that are required for an injectable drug delivery vehicle. In vitro drug release assays and diffusion measurements indicate that the PNP hydrogels prevent burst release and slow the release of encapsulated antibodies. Delivery of bnAbs against SARS-CoV-2 from PNP hydrogels is compared to standard routes of administration in a preclinical mouse model. We develop a multi-compartment model to understand the ability of these subcutaneous depot materials to modulate the pharmacokinetics of released antibodies; the model is extrapolated to explore the requirements needed for novel materials to successfully deliver relevant antibody therapeutics with different pharmacokinetic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Kasse
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Anthony C Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Abigail E Powell
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gillie A Roth
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305 USA
| | - Celine S Liong
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305 USA
| | - Carolyn K Jons
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Awua Buahin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Caitlin L Maikawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305 USA
| | - Xueting Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305 USA
| | - Sawsan Youssef
- Centivax Inc., 329 Oyster Point Drive, 3rd Floor South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jacob E Glanville
- Centivax Inc., 329 Oyster Point Drive, 3rd Floor South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Eric A Appel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. .,Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305 USA.,Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, & Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Pediatrics - Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Wu F, Qin M, Wang H, Sun X. Nanovaccines to combat virus-related diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1857. [PMID: 36184873 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The invention and application of vaccines have made tremendous contributions to fight against pandemics for human beings. However, current vaccines still have shortcomings such as insufficient cellular immunity, the lack of cross-protection, and the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Thus, the prevention and control of pandemic viruses including Ebola Virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Influenza A viruses, Zika, and current SARS-CoV-2 are still extremely challenging. Nanoparticles with unique physical, chemical, and biological properties, hold promising potentials for the development of ideal vaccines against these viral infections. Moreover, the approval of the first nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccine BNT162b has established historic milestones that greatly inspired the clinical translation of nanovaccines. Given the safety and extensive application of subunit vaccines, and the rapid rise of mRNA vaccines, this review mainly focuses on these two vaccine strategies and provides an overview of the nanoparticle-based vaccine delivery platforms to tackle the current and next global health challenges. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hairui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Nichifor M. Role of Hydrophobic Associations in Self-Healing Hydrogels Based on Amphiphilic Polysaccharides. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051065. [PMID: 36904306 PMCID: PMC10005649 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-healing hydrogels have the ability to recover their original properties after the action of an external stress, due to presence in their structure of reversible chemical or physical cross-links. The physical cross-links lead to supramolecular hydrogels stabilized by hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic associations, electrostatic interactions, or host-guest interactions. Hydrophobic associations of amphiphilic polymers can provide self-healing hydrogels with good mechanical properties, and can also add more functionalities to these hydrogels by creating hydrophobic microdomains inside the hydrogels. This review highlights the main general advantages brought by hydrophobic associations in the design of self-healing hydrogels, with a focus on hydrogels based on biocompatible and biodegradable amphiphilic polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieta Nichifor
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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Dâ Aquino AI, Maikawa CL, Nguyen LT, Lu K, Hall IA, Prossnitz AN, Chang E, Baker SW, Kasse CM, Jons CK, Yan J, Hovgaard L, Steensgaard DB, Andersen HB, Simonsen L, Appel EA. Sustained Delivery of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists from Injectable Biomimetic Hydrogels Improves Treatment of Diabetes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.28.526057. [PMID: 36778223 PMCID: PMC9915491 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.28.526057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone and neurotransmitter secreted from intestinal L-cells in response to nutrients to stimulate insulin and block glucagon secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. GLP-1 in itself is rapidly degraded, but long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have become central in the treatment of T2D because of the beneficial effects extending also beyond glucose control. Currently, these therapeutics must be injected either daily or weekly or taken daily orally, leaving room for technological innovations that enable less frequent administrations, which will reduce patient burden and increase patient compliance. An ideal GLP-1 RA drug product would provide continuous therapy for upwards of four months from a single administration to match the cadence with which T2D patients typically visit their physician. In this work, we leveraged an injectable hydrogel depot technology to develop a long-acting GLP-1 RA drug product. By modulating the hydrogel properties to tune GLP-1 RA retention within the hydrogel depot, we engineered formulations capable of months-long GLP-1 RA delivery. Using a rat model of T2D, we confirmed that a single injection of hydrogel-based therapies exhibits sustained exposure of GLP-1 RA over 42 days, corresponding to a once-every four month therapy in humans. Moreover, these hydrogel therapies maintained optimal management of blood glucose and weight comparable to daily injections of a leading GLP-1 RA drug molecule. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these hydrogel-based long-acting GLP-1 RA treatments are promising for development of novel therapies reducing treatment burden for more effective management of T2D.
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Pizarek JA, Fischer NG, Aparicio C. Immunomodulatory IL-23 receptor antagonist peptide nanocoatings for implant soft tissue healing. Dent Mater 2023; 39:204-216. [PMID: 36642687 PMCID: PMC9899321 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peri-implantitis, caused by an inflammatory response to pathogens, is the leading cause of dental implant failure. Poor soft tissue healing surrounding implants - caused by inadequate surface properties - leads to infection, inflammation, and dysregulated keratinocyte and macrophage function. One activated inflammatory response, active around peri-implantitis compared to healthy sites, is the IL-23/IL-17A cytokine axis. Implant surfaces can be synthesized with peptide nanocoatings to present immunomodulatory motifs to target peri-implant keratinocytes to control macrophage polarization and regulate inflammatory axises toward enhancing soft tissue healing. METHODS We synthesized an IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) noncompetitive antagonist peptide nanocoating using silanization and evaluated keratinocyte secretome changes and macrophage polarization (M1-like "pro-inflammatory" vs. M2-like "pro-regenerative"). RESULTS IL-23R antagonist peptide nanocoatings were successfully synthesized on titanium, to model dental implant surfaces, and compared to nonfunctional nanocoatings and non-coated titanium. IL-23R antagonist nanocoatings significantly decreased keratinocyte IL-23, and downstream IL-17A, expression compared to controls. This peptide noncompetitive antagonistic function was demonstrated under lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Large scale changes in keratinocyte secretome content, toward a pro-regenerative milieu, were observed from keratinocytes cultured on the IL-23R antagonist nanocoatings compared to controls. Conditioned medium collected from keratinocytes cultured on the IL-23R antagonist nanocoatings polarized macrophages toward a M2-like phenotype, based on increased CD163 and CD206 expression and reduced iNOS expression, compared to controls. SIGNIFICANCE Our results support development of IL-23R noncompetitive antagonist nanocoatings to reduce the pro-inflammatory IL-23/17A pathway and augment macrophage polarization toward a pro-regenerative phenotype. Immunomodulatory implant surface engineering may promote soft tissue healing and thereby reduce rates of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Pizarek
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; United States Navy Dental Corps, Naval Medical Leader and Professional Development Command, 8955 Wood Road Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Nicholas G Fischer
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; UIC Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Josep Trueta s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain; IBEC- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Han J, Sheng T, Zhang Y, Cheng H, Gao J, Yu J, Gu Z. Bioresponsive Immunotherapeutic Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2209778. [PMID: 36639983 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The human immune system is an interaction network of biological processes, and its dysfunction is closely associated with a wide array of diseases, such as cancer, infectious diseases, tissue damage, and autoimmune diseases. Manipulation of the immune response network in a desired and controlled fashion has been regarded as a promising strategy for maximizing immunotherapeutic efficacy and minimizing side effects. Integration of "smart" bioresponsive materials with immunoactive agents including small molecules, biomacromolecules, and cells can achieve on-demand release of agents at targeted sites to reduce overdose-related toxicity and alleviate off-target effects. This review highlights the design principles of bioresponsive immunotherapeutic materials and discusses the critical roles of controlled release of immunoactive agents from bioresponsive materials in recruiting, housing, and manipulating immune cells for evoking desired immune responses. Challenges and future directions from the perspective of clinical translation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tao Sheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Burns and Wound Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
| | - Jicheng Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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50
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Batty CJ, Amouzougan EA, A Carlock M, Ross TM, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM. Sustained delivery of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide by acetalated dextran microparticles augments effector response to Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen (COBRA) influenza hemagglutinin. Int J Pharm 2023; 630:122429. [PMID: 36436743 PMCID: PMC9789738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A subunit or protein-based influenza vaccine can be a safer alternative to live attenuated vaccine (Flumist) and require fewer boosts than an inactivated vaccine (e.g. Fluzone). However, to form an effective subunit vaccine, an adjuvant is often needed. In this work we used electrospray to encapsulate the hydrophilic adjuvant CpG into microparticles made from the hydrophobic biodegradable polymer acetalated dextran. To understand the rate of particle degradation on CpG release, polymer that was slow (21 h at phagosomal pH 5) and fast (0.25 h at pH 5) degrading was used to encapsulate the adjuvant. The slow-degrading particles exhibited the greatest degree of innate immune stimulation of antigen-presenting cells in vitro. In mice, the broadly acting Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen (COBRA) Y2 influenza hemagglutinin (HA) antigen was used with CpG particles, soluble CpG, or MF-59 like adjuvant Addavax. Particles and soluble CpG elicited similar induction of anti-HA antibodies and protection against lethal influenza challenge, but the sustained release particles elicited the highest levels antibody effector functions. These results demonstrate a suitable method for encapsulation of CpG oligonucleotide in a hydrophobic particle matrix, and suggest that sustained release of CpG from Ace-DEX microparticles could potentially be used to induce potent antibody effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole J Batty
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eva A Amouzougan
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michael A Carlock
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ted M Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, NC, USA.
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