1
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Boudouris BW, Joo Y. Spin-Active and Magnetic Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:832-833. [PMID: 38905639 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan W Boudouris
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, 245 Seventh Avenue, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
| | - Yongho Joo
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
- Division of Nano and Information Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
- Department of JBNU-KIST Industry-Academia Convergence Research, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
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2
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Wei P, Bhat GA, Darensbourg DJ. Enabling New Approaches: Recent Advances in Processing Aliphatic Polycarbonate-Based Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307507. [PMID: 37534963 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Aliphatic polycarbonates (aPCs) have become increasingly popular as functional materials due to their biocompatibility and capacity for on-demand degradation. Advances in polymerization techniques and the introduction of new functional monomers have expanded the library of aPCs available, offering a diverse range of chemical compositions and structures. To accommodate the emerging requirements of new applications in biomedical and energy-related fields, various manufacturing techniques have been adopted for processing aPC-based materials. However, a summary of these techniques has yet to be conducted. The aim of this paper is to enrich the toolbox available to researchers, enabling them to select the most suitable technique for their materials. In this paper, a concise review of the recent progress in processing techniques, including controlled self-assembly, electrospinning, additive manufacturing, and other techniques, is presented. We also highlight the specific challenges and opportunities for the sustainable growth of this research area and the successful integration of aPCs in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Wei
- Soft Matter Facility, Texas A&M University, 1313 Research Parkway, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Gulzar A Bhat
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Donald J Darensbourg
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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3
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Eng YJ, Nguyen TM, Luo HK, Chan JMW. Antifouling polymers for nanomedicine and surfaces: recent advances. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15472-15512. [PMID: 37740391 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03164k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Antifouling polymers are materials that can resist nonspecific interactions with cells, proteins, and other biomolecules. Typically, they are hydrophilic polymers with polar or charged moieties that are capable of strong nonbonding interactions with water molecules. This propensity to bind water generates a surface hydration layer that reduces nonspecific interactions with other molecules and is paramount to the antifouling behavior. This property is especially useful for nanoscale applications such as nanomedicine and surface modifications at the molecular level. In nanomedicine, antifouling polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol) and its alternatives play a key role in shielding drug molecules and therapeutic proteins/genes from the immune system within nanoassemblies, thereby enabling effective delivery to target tissues. For coatings, antifouling polymers help to prevent adhesion of cells and molecules to surfaces and are thus valued in marine and biomedical device applications. In this Review, we survey recent advances in antifouling polymers in the context of nanomedicine and coatings, while shining the spotlight on the major polymer classes such as PEG, polyzwitterions, poly(oxazoline)s, and other nonionic hydrophilic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jie Eng
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Tuan Minh Nguyen
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore.
| | - He-Kuan Luo
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Julian M W Chan
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore.
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4
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Zhao C, Chen Q, Garcia-Hernandez JD, Watanabe LK, Rawson JM, Rao J, Manners I. Uniform and Length-Tunable, Paramagnetic Self-Assembled Nitroxide-Based Nanofibers for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Qi Chen
- Departments of Radiology and Chemistry, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | - Lara K. Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Jeremy M. Rawson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Departments of Radiology and Chemistry, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
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5
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Ye X, Chung LH, Li K, Zheng S, Wong YL, Feng Z, He Y, Chu D, Xu Z, Yu L, He J. Organic radicals stabilization above 300 °C in Eu-based coordination polymers for solar steam generation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6116. [PMID: 36253477 PMCID: PMC9576730 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic radicals feature unpaired electrons, and these compounds may have applications in biomedical technology and as materials for solar energy conversion. However, unpaired electrons tend to pair up (to form chemical bonds), making radicals unstable and hampering their applications. Here we report an organic radical system that is stable even at 350 °C, surpassing the upper temperature limit (200 °C) observed for other organic radicals. The system reported herein features a sulfur-rich organic linker that facilitates the formation of the radical centers; on the solid-state level, the molecules are crystallized with Eu(III) ions to form a 3D framework featuring stacks of linker molecules. The stacking is, however, somewhat loose and allows the molecules to wiggle and transform into sulfur-stabilized radicals at higher temperatures. In addition, the resulting solid framework remains crystalline, and it is stable to water and air. Moreover, it is black and features strong broad absorption in the visible and near IR region, thereby enhancing both photothermal conversion and solar-driven water evaporation. Organic radicals have potential applications in a variety of fields, including energy conversion. Here, the authors report Eu-based coordination polymers that enable the stabilization of organic radicals up to 350 °C; these systems can be used to enhance solar steam generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhe Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lai-Hon Chung
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kedi Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Saili Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yan-Lung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zihao Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yonghe He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dandan Chu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhengtao Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Lin Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jun He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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6
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Zhang S, Lloveras V, Lope-Piedrafita S, Calero-Pérez P, Wu S, Candiota AP, Vidal-Gancedo J. Metal-Free Radical Dendrimers as MRI Contrast Agents for Glioblastoma Diagnosis: Ex Vivo and In Vivo Approaches. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2767-2777. [PMID: 35749573 PMCID: PMC9277593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Simultaneously being
a nonradiative and noninvasive technique makes
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) one of the highly required imaging
approaches for the early diagnosis and follow-up of tumors, specifically
for brain cancer. Paramagnetic gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents
(CAs) are the most widely used ones in brain MRI acquisitions with
special interest when assessing blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity,
a characteristic of high-grade tumors. However, alternatives to Gd-based
contrast agents (CAs) are highly required to overcome their established
toxicity. Organic radicals anchored on a dendrimer macromolecule surface
(radical dendrimers) are promising alternatives since they also exhibit
paramagnetic properties and can act as T1 CAs like Gd-based CAs while being organic species (mitigating concerns
about toxic metal accumulation). Here, we studied the third generation
of a water-soluble family of poly(phosphorhydrazone) radical dendrimers,
with 48 PROXYL radical units anchored on their branches, exploring
their potential of ex vivo and in vivo contrast enhancement in brain tumors (in particular, of immunocompetent,
orthotopic GL261 murine glioblastoma (GB)). Remarkably, this radical
species provides suitable contrast enhancement on murine GL261 GB
tumors, which was comparable to that of commercial Gd-based CAs (at
standard dose 0.1 mmol/kg), even at its 4 times lower administered
dose (0.025 mmol/kg). Importantly, no signs of toxicity were detected in vivo. In addition, it showed a selective accumulation
in brain tumor tissues, exhibiting longer retention within the tumor,
which allows performing imaging acquisition over longer time frames
(≥2.5 h) as opposed to Gd chelates. Finally, we observed high
stability of the radicals in biological media, on the order of hours
instead of minutes, characteristic of the isolated radicals. All of
these features allow us to suggest that the G3-Tyr-PROXYL-ONa radical
dendrimer could be a viable alternative to metal-based MRI contrast
agents, particularly on MRI analysis of GB, representing, to the best
of our knowledge, the first case of organic radical species used for
this purpose and one of the very few examples of these types of radical
species working as MRI CAs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbai Zhang
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC; Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Vega Lloveras
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC; Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Campus UAB, 08913 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Silvia Lope-Piedrafita
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Campus UAB, 08913 Bellaterra, Spain.,Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pilar Calero-Pérez
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Campus UAB, 08913 Bellaterra, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Shuang Wu
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ana Paula Candiota
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Campus UAB, 08913 Bellaterra, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - José Vidal-Gancedo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC; Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Campus UAB, 08913 Bellaterra, Spain
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7
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Wang X, Guo S, Li Z, Luo Q, Dai Y, Zhang H, Ye Y, Gong Q, Luo K. Amphiphilic branched polymer-nitroxides conjugate as a nanoscale agent for potential magnetic resonance imaging of multiple objects in vivo. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:205. [PMID: 34243760 PMCID: PMC8272293 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00951-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to address the potential toxicity of metal-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs), a concept of non-metallic MRI CAs has emerged. Currently, paramagnetic nitroxides (such as (2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl, PROXYL), (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxide, TEMPO), etc.) are being extensively studied because their good stability and imaging mechanism are similar to metal-based contrast agents (such as Gd3+ chelate-based clinical CAs). However, a lower relaxivity and rapid in vivo metabolism of nitroxides remain to be addressed. Previous studies have demonstrated that the construction of macromolecular nitroxides contrast agents (mORCAs) is a promising solution through macromolecularization of nitroxides (i.e., use of large molecules to carry nitroxides). Macromolecular effects not only increase the stability of nitroxides by limiting their exposure to reductive substances in the body, but also improve the overall 1H water relaxation by increasing the concentration of nitroxides and slowing the molecular rotation speed. RESULTS Branched pDHPMA-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL with a high molecular weight (MW = 160 kDa) and a nitroxides content (0.059 mmol/g) can form a nanoscale (~ 28 nm) self-assembled aggregate in a water environment and hydrophobic PROXYL can be protected by a hydrophilic outer layer to obtain strong reduction resistance in vivo. Compared with a small molecular CA (3-Carboxy-PROXYL (3-CP)), Branched pDHPMA-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL displays three prominent features: (1) its longitudinal relaxivity (0.50 mM- 1 s- 1) is about three times that of 3-CP (0.17 mM- 1 s- 1); (2) the blood retention time of nitroxides is significantly increased from a few minutes of 3-CP to 6 h; (3) it provides long-term and significant enhancement in MR imaging of the tumor, liver, kidney and cardiovascular system (heart and aortaventralis), and this is the first report on nitroxides-based MRI CAs for imaging the cardiovascular system. CONCLUSIONS As a safe and efficient candidate metal-free magnetic resonance contrast agent, Branched pDHPMA-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL is expected to be used not only in imaging the tumor, liver and kidney, but also the cardiovascular system, which expands the application scope of these CAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), No. 104 Pipashan Main Street, Yuzhong District, 400014, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Department of Pharmacy of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqian Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Dai
- Department of Pharmacy of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocessing Centre, Keck Graduate Institute Claremont, 91711, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Yun Ye
- Department of Pharmacy of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Province, 646000, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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8
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Ansari I, Singh P, Mittal A, Mahato RI, Chitkara D. 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid based cyclic carbonate monomers and their (co)polymers as advanced materials for biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120953. [PMID: 34218051 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Designing grafted biodegradable polymers with tailored multi-functional properties is one of the most researched fields with extensive biomedical applications. Among many biodegradable polymers, polycarbonates have gained much attention due to their ease of synthesis, high drug loading, and excellent biocompatibility profiles. Among various monomers, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid (bis-MPA) derived cyclic carbonate monomers have been extensively explored in terms of their synthesis as well as their polymerization. Since the late 90s, significant advancements have been made in the design of bis-MPA derived cyclic carbonate monomers as well as in their reaction schemes. Currently, bis-MPA derived polycarbonates have taken a form of an entire platform with a multitude of applications, the latest being in the field of nanotechnology, targeted drug, and nucleic acid delivery. The present review outlines an up to date developments that have taken place in the last two decades in the design, synthesis, and biomedical applications of bis-MPA derived cyclic carbonates and their (co)polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ansari
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prabhjeet Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ram I Mahato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
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9
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Pehl TM, Adams F, Kränzlein M, Rieger B. Expanding the Scope of Organic Radical Polymers to Polyvinylphosphonates Synthesized via Rare-Earth Metal-Mediated Group-Transfer Polymerization. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Pehl
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Friederike Adams
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Moritz Kränzlein
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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10
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Akakuru OU, Xu C, Liu C, Li Z, Xing J, Pan C, Li Y, Nosike EI, Zhang Z, Iqbal ZM, Zheng J, Wu A. Metal-Free Organo-Theranostic Nanosystem with High Nitroxide Stability and Loading for Image-Guided Targeted Tumor Therapy. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3079-3097. [PMID: 33464053 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The desire for all-organic-composed nanoparticles (NPs) of considerable biocompatibility to simultaneously diagnose and treat cancer is undeniably interminable. Heretofore, metal-based agents dominate the landscape of available magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents and photothermal therapeutic agents, but with associated metal-specific downsides. Here, an all-organic metal-free nanoprobe, whose appreciable biocompatibility is synergistically contributed by its tetra-organo-components, is developed as a viable alternative to metal-based probes for MRI-guided tumor-targeted photothermal therapy (PTT). This rationally entails a glycol chitosan (GC)-linked polypyrrole (PP) nanoscaffold that provides abundant primary and secondary amino groups for amidation with the carboxyl groups in a nitroxide radical (TEMPO) and folic acid (FA), to obtain GC-PP@TEMPO-FA NPs. Advantageously, the appreciably benign GC-PP@TEMPO-FA features high nitroxide loading (r1 = 1.58 mM-1 s-1) and in vivo nitroxide-reduction resistance, prolonged nitroxide-systemic circulation times, appreciable water dispersibility, potential photodynamic therapeutic and electron paramagnetic resonance imaging capabilities, considerable biocompatibility, and ultimately achieves a 17 h commensurate MRI contrast enhancement. Moreover, its GC component conveys a plethora of PP to tumor sites, where FA-mediated tumor targeting enables substantial NP accumulation with consequential near-complete tumor regression within 16 days in an MRI-guided PTT. The present work therefore promotes the engineering of organic-based metal-free biocompatible NPs in synergism, in furtherance of tumor-targeted image-guided therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozioma U Akakuru
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zihou Li
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jie Xing
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunshu Pan
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yanying Li
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Elvis I Nosike
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhoujing Zhang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zubair M Iqbal
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 2 Road of Xiasha, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianjun Zheng
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, 1219 ZhongGuan West Road, Ningbo 315201, China
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11
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Yu W, Maynard E, Chiaradia V, Arno MC, Dove AP. Aliphatic Polycarbonates from Cyclic Carbonate Monomers and Their Application as Biomaterials. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10865-10907. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
| | - Edward Maynard
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
| | - Viviane Chiaradia
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
| | - Maria C. Arno
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
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12
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Tan EWP, Hedrick JL, Arrechea PL, Erdmann T, Kiyek V, Lottier S, Yang YY, Park NH. Overcoming Barriers in Polycarbonate Synthesis: A Streamlined Approach for the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonate Monomers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eddy W. P. Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - James L. Hedrick
- IBM Research-Almaden, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Pedro L. Arrechea
- IBM Research-Almaden, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Tim Erdmann
- IBM Research-Almaden, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Vivien Kiyek
- IBM Research-Almaden, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Simon Lottier
- IBM Research-Almaden, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Nathaniel H. Park
- IBM Research-Almaden, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
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13
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Naveed KUR, Wang L, Yu H, Teng L, Uddin MA, Fahad S, Ullah RS, Nazir A, Elshaarani T. Synthesis of spin labeled ethylene glycol based polymers and study of their segmental motion. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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15
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Nguyen HVT, Detappe A, Harvey P, Gallagher N, Mathieu C, Agius MP, Zavidij O, Wang W, Jiang Y, Rajca A, Jasanoff A, Ghobrial IM, Ghoroghchian PP, Johnson JA. Pro-organic radical contrast agents ("pro-ORCAs") for real-time MRI of pro-drug activation in biological systems. Polym Chem 2020; 11:4768-4779. [PMID: 33790990 PMCID: PMC8009311 DOI: 10.1039/d0py00558d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxide-based organic-radical contrast agents (ORCAs) are promising as safe, next-generation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tools. Nevertheless, stimuli-responsive ORCAs that enable MRI monitoring of prodrug activation have not been reported; such systems could open new avenues for prodrug validation and image-guided drug delivery. Here, we introduce a novel "pro-ORCA" concept that addresses this challenge. By covalent conjugation of nitroxides and drug molecules (doxorubicin, DOX) to the same brush-arm star polymer (BASP) through chemically identical cleavable linkers, we demonstrate that pro-ORCA and prodrug activation, i.e., ORCA and DOX release, leads to significant changes in MRI contrast that correlate with cytotoxicity. This approach is shown to be general for a range of commonly used linker cleavage mechanisms (e.g., photolysis and hydrolysis) and release rates. Pro-ORCAs could find applications as research tools or clinically viable "reporter theranostics" for in vitro and in vivo MRI-correlated prodrug activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung V.-T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Alexandre Detappe
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Centre Paul Strauss, 3 Rue de la Porte de l’Hopital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- These authors contributed equally
| | | | - Nolan Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
| | - Clelia Mathieu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Michael P. Agius
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Oksana Zavidij
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Wencong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
| | - Yivan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
| | - Andrzej Rajca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Alan Jasanoff
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, MIT
| | - Irene M. Ghobrial
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - P. Peter Ghoroghchian
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jeremiah A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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16
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Guo S, Wang X, Dai Y, Dai X, Li Z, Luo Q, Zheng X, Gu Z, Zhang H, Gong Q, Luo K. Enhancing the Efficacy of Metal-Free MRI Contrast Agents via Conjugating Nitroxides onto PEGylated Cross-Linked Poly(Carboxylate Ester). ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000467. [PMID: 32714757 PMCID: PMC7375229 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, two water-soluble PROXYL-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) macromolecular organic contrast agents (mORCAs) are designed and synthesized: linear and cross-linked PCE-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL. They are prepared by conjugating linear and cross-linked poly(carboxylate ester) (PCE) with poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG2000)-modified nitroxides (PROXYL), respectively. Both mORCAs form self-assembled aggregates in an aqueous phase and PROXYL is protected inside a hydrophobic core to achieve great resistance to reduction in the physiological environment, and they have low toxicity. Since cross-linked PCE-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL possess a branched architecture, its self-assembled aggregate is more stable and compact with a greater particle size. Cross-linked PCE-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL outperform the linear one in the following aspects: 1) its longitudinal relaxivity (r 1 = 0.79 mm -1 s-1) is higher than that of the linear one (r 1 = 0.64 mm -1 s-1) and both excel the best mORCA reported so far (r 1 = 0.42 mm -1 s-1); 2) its blood retention time (≈48 h) is longer than that of its linear counterpart (≈10 h); 3) cross-linked PCE-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL provided better MR imaging contrast resolution in normal organs (liver and kidney) and tumor of mice than the linear one. Overall, cross-linked PCE-mPEG-Ppa-PROXYL may have great potential to be a novel metal-free macromolecular contrast agent for MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Guo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversitySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan Province646000P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing General HospitalUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)104 Pipashan Zheng StreetChongqing400014P. R. China
| | - Yan Dai
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversitySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan Province646000P. R. China
| | - Xinghang Dai
- West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Zhiqian Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Zheng
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocessing CentreKeck Graduate InstituteClaremontCA91711USA
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
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17
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Su S, Kang PM. Systemic Review of Biodegradable Nanomaterials in Nanomedicine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E656. [PMID: 32244653 PMCID: PMC7221794 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanomedicine is a field of science that uses nanoscale materials for the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. It has emerged as an important aspect of the therapeutics, but at the same time, also raises concerns regarding the safety of the nanomaterials involved. Recent applications of functionalized biodegradable nanomaterials have significantly improved the safety profile of nanomedicine. OBJECTIVE Our goal is to evaluate different types of biodegradable nanomaterials that have been functionalized for their biomedical applications. METHOD In this review, we used PubMed as our literature source and selected recently published studies on biodegradable nanomaterials and their applications in nanomedicine. RESULTS We found that biodegradable polymers are commonly functionalized for various purposes. Their property of being naturally degraded under biological conditions allows these biodegradable nanomaterials to be used for many biomedical purposes, including bio-imaging, targeted drug delivery, implantation and tissue engineering. The degradability of these nanoparticles can be utilized to control cargo release, by allowing efficient degradation of the nanomaterials at the target site while maintaining nanoparticle integrity at off-target sites. CONCLUSION While each biodegradable nanomaterial has its advantages and disadvantages, with careful design and functionalization, biodegradable nanoparticles hold great future in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter M. Kang
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle, CLS 910, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
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18
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Wang S, Easley AD, Lutkenhaus JL. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Fundamentals for the Future of Macromolecular Nitroxide Radicals. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:358-370. [PMID: 35648551 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Macromolecular radicals, radical polymers, and polyradicals bear unique functionalities derived from their pendant radical groups. The increasing need for organic functional materials is driving the growth in research interest in macromolecular radicals for batteries, electronics, memory, and imaging. This Viewpoint summarizes the current state-of-knowledge regarding the macromolecular nitroxide radicals' redox mechanism, conductivity, chain conformation, controlled polymerization, network structure, conjugated forms, and applications. The nitroxide radical group is the focus because it is the most widely studied. Although most literature focuses upon applications, an emerging body of work is highlighting the fundamental physicochemical properties of macromolecular radicals. To this end, this Viewpoint recommends areas of opportunity in fundamental studies and best practices in reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyang Wang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Alexandra D. Easley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jodie L. Lutkenhaus
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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19
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Soikkeli M, Kettunen MI, Nivajärvi R, Olsson V, Rönkkö S, Laakkonen JP, Lehto VP, Kavakka J, Heikkinen S. Assessment of the Relaxation-Enhancing Properties of a Nitroxide-Based Contrast Agent TEEPO-Glc with In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:5629597. [PMID: 31920468 PMCID: PMC6942761 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5629597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging examinations are frequently carried out using contrast agents to improve the image quality. Practically all clinically used contrast agents are based on paramagnetic metals and lack in selectivity and specificity. A group of stable organic radicals, nitroxides, has raised interest as new metal-free contrast agents for MRI. Their structures can easily be modified to incorporate different functionalities. In the present study, a stable nitroxide TEEPO (2,2,6,6-tetraethylpiperidin-1-oxyl) was linked to a glucose moiety (Glc) to construct a water-soluble, potentially tumor-targeting compound with contrast-enhancing ability. The ability was assessed with in vivo MRI experiments. The constructed TEEPO-Glc agent proved to shorten the T 1 relaxation time in tumor, while the T 1 time in healthy brain tissue remained the same. The results indicate the potential of TEEPO-Glc as a valuable addition to the growing field of metal-free contrast enhancement in MRI-based diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiju Soikkeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko I. Kettunen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Riikka Nivajärvi
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Venla Olsson
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Rönkkö
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna P. Laakkonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vesa-Pekka Lehto
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Kavakka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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20
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Akakuru OU, Iqbal MZ, Saeed M, Liu C, Paunesku T, Woloschak G, Hosmane NS, Wu A. The Transition from Metal-Based to Metal-Free Contrast Agents for T1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Enhancement. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2264-2286. [PMID: 31380621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has received significant attention as the noninvasive diagnostic technique for complex diseases. Image-guided therapeutic strategy for diseases such as cancer has also been at the front line of biomedical research, thanks to the innovative MRI, enhanced by the prior delivery of contrast agents (CAs) into patients' bodies through injection. These CAs have contributed a great deal to the clinical utility of MRI but have been based on metal-containing compounds such as gadolinium, manganese, and iron oxide. Some of these CAs have led to cytotoxicities such as the incurable Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF), resulting in their removal from the market. On the other hand, CAs based on organic nitroxide radicals, by virtue of their structural composition, are metal free and without the aforementioned drawbacks. They also have improved biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, and long blood circulation times, and have been proven to offer tissue contrast enhancement with longitudinal relaxivities comparable with those for the metal-containing CAs. Thus, this Review highlights the recent progress in metal-based CAs and their shortcomings. In addition, the remarkable goals achieved by the organic nitroxide radical CAs in the enhancement of MR images have also been discussed extensively. The focal point of this Review is to emphasize or demonstrate the crucial need for transition into the use of organic nitroxide radicals-metal-free CAs-as against the metal-containing CAs, with the aim of achieving safer application of MRI for early disease diagnosis and image-guided therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - M Zubair Iqbal
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P.R. China.,Department of Materials Engineering, College of Materials and Textiles , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , No. 2 Road of Xiasha , Hangzhou 310018 , P.R. China
| | - Madiha Saeed
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Tatjana Paunesku
- Department of Radiation Oncology , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
| | - Gayle Woloschak
- Department of Radiation Oncology , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
| | - Narayan S Hosmane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Northern Illinois University , DeKalb , Illinois 60115 , United States
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P.R. China
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21
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Le D, Dilger M, Pertici V, Diabaté S, Gigmes D, Weiss C, Delaittre G. Ultraschnelle Synthese multivalenter radikalischer Nanopartikel durch ringöffnende Metathesepolymerisations‐induzierte Selbstorganisation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dao Le
- Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik (ITG) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) 76128 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Marco Dilger
- Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik (ITG) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
| | - Vincent Pertici
- Aix-Marseille-Univ CNRS Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 7273 13397 Marseille Frankreich
| | - Silvia Diabaté
- Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik (ITG) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille-Univ CNRS Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 7273 13397 Marseille Frankreich
| | - Carsten Weiss
- Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik (ITG) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
| | - Guillaume Delaittre
- Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik (ITG) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) 76128 Karlsruhe Deutschland
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22
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Le D, Dilger M, Pertici V, Diabaté S, Gigmes D, Weiss C, Delaittre G. Ultra‐Fast Synthesis of Multivalent Radical Nanoparticles by Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4725-4731. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dao Le
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76128 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Marco Dilger
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Vincent Pertici
- Aix-Marseille-Univ CNRS Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 7273 13397 Marseille France
| | - Silvia Diabaté
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille-Univ CNRS Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 7273 13397 Marseille France
| | - Carsten Weiss
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Guillaume Delaittre
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 76128 Karlsruhe Germany
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23
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Nguyen HVT, Detappe A, Gallagher NM, Zhang H, Harvey P, Yan C, Mathieu C, Golder MR, Jiang Y, Ottaviani MF, Jasanoff A, Rajca A, Ghobrial I, Ghoroghchian PP, Johnson JA. Triply Loaded Nitroxide Brush-Arm Star Polymers Enable Metal-Free Millimetric Tumor Detection by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACS NANO 2018; 12:11343-11354. [PMID: 30387988 PMCID: PMC6320246 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b06160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxides occupy a privileged position among plausible metal-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs) due to their inherently low-toxicity profiles; nevertheless, their translational development has been hindered by a lack of appropriate contrast sensitivity. Nanostructured materials with high nitroxide densities, where each individual nitroxide within a macromolecular construct contributes to the image contrast, could address this limitation, but the synthesis of such materials remains challenging. Here, we report a modular and scalable synthetic approach to nitroxide-based brush-arm star polymer (BASP) organic radical CAs (ORCAs) with high nitroxide loadings. The optimized ∼30 nm diameter "BASP-ORCA3" displays outstanding T2 sensitivity with a very high molecular transverse relaxivity ( r2 > 1000 mM-1 s-1). BASP-ORCA3 further exhibits excellent stability in vivo, no acute toxicity, and highly desirable pharmacokinetic and biodistribution profiles for longitudinal detection of tumors by MRI. When injected intravenously into mice bearing subcutaneous plasmacytomas, BASP-ORCA3 affords distinct in vivo visualization of tumors on translationally relevant time scales. Leveraging its high sensitivity, BASP-ORCA3 enables efficient mapping of tumor necrosis, which is an important biomarker to predict therapeutic outcomes. Moreover, BASP-ORCA3 allows for detection of millimetric tumor implants in a disseminated murine model of advanced-stage human ovarian cancer that possess genetic, histological, and vascular characteristics that are similar to those seen in patients. This work establishes BASP-ORCA3 as a promising metal-free spin contrast agent for MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung V.-T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Alexandre Detappe
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nolan M. Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Peter Harvey
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Changcun Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Clelia Mathieu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Matthew R. Golder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yivan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | - Alan Jasanoff
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andrzej Rajca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Irene Ghobrial
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - P. Peter Ghoroghchian
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jeremiah A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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24
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Becker G, Wurm FR. Functional biodegradable polymers via ring-opening polymerization of monomers without protective groups. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7739-7782. [PMID: 30221267 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are of current interest and chemical functionality in such materials is often demanded in advanced biomedical applications. Functional groups often are not tolerated in the polymerization process of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and therefore protective groups need to be applied. Advantageously, several orthogonally reactive functions are available, which do not demand protection during ROP. We give an insight into available, orthogonally reactive cyclic monomers and the corresponding functional synthetic and biodegradable polymers, obtained from ROP. Functionalities in the monomer are reviewed, which are tolerated by ROP without further protection and allow further post-modification of the corresponding chemically functional polymers after polymerization. Synthetic concepts to these monomers are summarized in detail, preferably using precursor molecules. Post-modification strategies for the reported functionalities are presented and selected applications highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Becker
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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25
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Dharmarwardana M, Martins AF, Chen Z, Palacios PM, Nowak CM, Welch RP, Li S, Luzuriaga MA, Bleris L, Pierce BS, Sherry AD, Gassensmith JJ. Nitroxyl Modified Tobacco Mosaic Virus as a Metal-Free High-Relaxivity MRI and EPR Active Superoxide Sensor. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2973-2983. [PMID: 29771534 PMCID: PMC6078806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide overproduction is known to occur in multiple disease states requiring critical care; yet, noninvasive detection of superoxide in deep tissue remains a challenge. Herein, we report a metal-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) active contrast agent prepared by "click conjugating" paramagnetic organic radical contrast agents (ORCAs) to the surface of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). While ORCAs are known to be reduced in vivo to an MRI/EPR silent state, their oxidation is facilitated specifically by reactive oxygen species-in particular, superoxide-and are largely unaffected by peroxides and molecular oxygen. Unfortunately, single molecule ORCAs typically offer weak MRI contrast. In contrast, our data confirm that the macromolecular ORCA-TMV conjugates show marked enhancement for T1 contrast at low field (<3.0 T) and T2 contrast at high field (9.4 T). Additionally, we demonstrated that the unique topology of TMV allows for a "quenchless fluorescent" bimodal probe for concurrent fluorescence and MRI/EPR imaging, which was made possible by exploiting the unique inner and outer surface of the TMV nanoparticle. Finally, we show TMV-ORCAs do not respond to normal cellular respiration, minimizing the likelihood for background, yet still respond to enzymatically produced superoxide in complicated biological fluids like serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madushani Dharmarwardana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - André F. Martins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Philip M. Palacios
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Sciences, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - Chance M. Nowak
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Raymond P. Welch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Shaobo Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Michael A. Luzuriaga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Leonidas Bleris
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Brad S. Pierce
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Sciences, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - A. Dean Sherry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Jeremiah J. Gassensmith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
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26
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Naveed KUR, Wang L, Yu H, Ullah RS, Haroon M, Fahad S, Li J, Elshaarani T, Khan RU, Nazir A. Recent progress in the electron paramagnetic resonance study of polymers. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00689j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides an overview of the contemporary research based on a tailor-made technique to understand the paramagnetic behavior of different polymer classes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Li Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Zhejiang
- China
| | - Haojie Yu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Zhejiang
- China
| | - Raja Summe Ullah
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Zhejiang
- China
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Zhejiang
- China
| | - Shah Fahad
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Zhejiang
- China
| | - Jiyang Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Zhejiang
- China
| | - Tarig Elshaarani
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Zhejiang
- China
| | - Rizwan Ullah Khan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Zhejiang
- China
| | - Ahsan Nazir
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Zhejiang
- China
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27
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Hansen KA, Blinco JP. Nitroxide radical polymers – a versatile material class for high-tech applications. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py02001e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies for the preparation of nitroxide radical polymer materials and a state-of-the-art perspective on their latest and most exciting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Anders Hansen
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - James P. Blinco
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
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28
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29
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Fukushima K, Inoue Y, Haga Y, Ota T, Honda K, Sato C, Tanaka M. Monoether-Tagged Biodegradable Polycarbonate Preventing Platelet Adhesion and Demonstrating Vascular Cell Adhesion: A Promising Material for Resorbable Vascular Grafts and Stents. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:3834-3843. [PMID: 28972745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We developed a biodegradable polycarbonate that demonstrates antithrombogenicity and vascular cell adhesion via organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization of a trimethylene carbonate (TMC) analogue bearing a methoxy group. The monoether-tagged polycarbonate demonstrates a platelet adhesion property that is 93 and 89% lower than those of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polyTMC, respectively. In contrast, vascular cell adhesion properties of the polycarbonate are comparable to those controls, indicating a potential for selective cell adhesion properties. This difference in the cell adhesion property is well associated with surface hydration, which affects protein adsorption and denaturation. Fibrinogen is slightly denatured on the monoether-tagged polycarbonate, whereas fibronectin is highly activated to expose the RGD motif for favorable vascular cell adhesion. The surface hydration, mainly induced by the methoxy side chain, also contributes to slowing the enzymatic degradation. Consequently, the polycarbonate exhibits decent blood compatibility, vascular cell adhesion properties, and biodegradability, which is promising for applications in resorbable vascular grafts and stents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Masaru Tanaka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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30
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Qian W, Song T, Ye M, Xu P, Lu G, Huang X. PAA-g-PLA amphiphilic graft copolymer: synthesis, self-assembly, and drug loading ability. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00762k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article reports the synthesis of a PAA-g-PLA amphiphilic polymer by the combination of RAFT polymerization and organocatalytic ROP, which could self-assemble into spheres in aqueous media for sustained release of doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Qian
- Department of Stomatology
- Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Center
- Shanghai 200032
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Stomatology
- Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Center
- Shanghai 200032
- People's Republic of China
| | - Mao Ye
- Department of Stomatology
- Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Center
- Shanghai 200032
- People's Republic of China
| | - Peicheng Xu
- Department of Stomatology
- Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Center
- Shanghai 200032
- People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- People's Republic of China
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31
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Dai Y, Zhang X. Recent development of functional aliphatic polycarbonates for the construction of amphiphilic polymers. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01815k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Functional aliphatic polycarbonates in the construction of amphiphilic polymers are summarized in seven categories (hydrophobic, hydrophilic, or/and functional unit).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dai
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
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32
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Wang W, Zhou X, Wei M, Liu Z, Lu G, Huang X. Synthesis of an amphiphilic graft copolymer bearing a hydrophilic poly(acrylate acid) backbone for drug delivery of methotrexate. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11975e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reports the synthesis of a PAA-g-PLA amphiphilic graft polymer, which could self-assemble into large compound micelles in aqueous media for sustained release of MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- Renji Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai 200127
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- Renji Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai 200127
| | - Min Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- Renji Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai 200127
| | - Zude Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- Renji Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai 200127
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- People's Republic of China
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