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Wang T, Wang Y, Wang B, Su Y, Jiang T, Gan T, Zhao X. Fucoidan based Ce6-chloroquine self-assembled hydrogel as in situ vaccines to enhance tumor immunotherapy by autophagy inhibition and macrophage polarization. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 346:122637. [PMID: 39245502 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Tumor vaccines have become a promising approach for cancer treatment by triggering antigen-specific responses against tumors. However, autophagy and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) reduce antigen exposure and immunogenicity, which limit the effect of tumor vaccines. Here, we develop fucoidan (Fuc) based chlorin e6 (Ce6)-chloroquine (CQ) self-assembly hydrogels (CCFG) as in situ vaccines. Ce6 triggers immune response in situ by photodynamic therapy (PDT) induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) effect, which is further enhanced by macrophage polarization of Fuc and autophagy inhibition of CQ. In vivo studies show that CCFG effectively enhances antigen presentation under laser irradiation, which induces a powerful in situ vaccine effect and significantly inhibits tumor metastasis and recurrence. Our study provides a novel approach for enhancing tumor immunotherapy and inhibiting tumor recurrence and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yanguo Su
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Tianze Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Tiantian Gan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China.
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2
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Giram P, Bist G, Woo S, Wohlfert E, Pili R, You Y. Prodrugs of paclitaxel improve in situ photo-vaccination. Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 39384406 DOI: 10.1111/php.14025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) effectively kills cancer cells and initiates immune responses that promote anticancer effects locally and systemically. Primarily developed for local and regional cancers, the potential of PDT for systemic antitumor effects [in situ photo-vaccination (ISPV)] remains underexplored. This study investigates: (1) the comparative effectiveness of paclitaxel (PTX) prodrug [Pc-(L-PTX)2] for PDT and site-specific PTX effects versus its pseudo-prodrug [Pc-(NCL-PTX)2] for PDT combined with checkpoint inhibitors; (2) mechanisms driving systemic antitumor effects; and (3) the prophylactic impact on preventing cancer recurrence. A bilateral tumor model was established in BALB/c mice through subcutaneous injection of CT26 cells. Mice received the PTX prodrug (0.5 μmole kg-1, i.v.), and tumors were treated with a 690-nm laser (75 mW cm-2 for 30 min, drug-light interval 0.5 h, light does 135 J cm-1), followed by anti-CTLA-4 (100 μg dose-1, i.p.) on days 1, 4, and 7. Notable enhancement in both local and systemic antitumor effectiveness was observed with [Pc-(L-PTX)2] compared to [Pc-(NCL-PTX)2] with checkpoint inhibitor. Immune cell depletion and immunohistochemistry confirmed neutrophils and CD8+ T cells are effectors for systemic antitumor effects. Treatment-induced immune memory resisted newly rechallenged CT26, showcasing prophylactic benefits. ISPV with a PTX prodrug and anti-CTLA-4 is a promising approach for treating metastatic cancers and preventing recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhanjan Giram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Ganesh Bist
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Sukyung Woo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wohlfert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Roberto Pili
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Youngjae You
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
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3
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Wei S, Yuan Y, Xie W, Liao J, Li R, Chen Y, Yang H. Ion-Engineered Clay Nanozyme via Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling for Enhanced Tumor Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402648. [PMID: 39375963 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Metal ions show tremendous promise for tumor therapy due to their critical roles in many important catalytic circulations and immune processes. However, the valence state variability and systemic side-effects of metal ions cause ineffective ion enrichment in tumor cells, which limit their further application. Here, a Mn3+ ion delivery system (Mn-HNT) is constructed based on halloysite nanotubes (HNT) via an ion-engineered strategy. Due to the stabilizing effect of HNT on Mn3+ ions, Mn-HNT not only maintained the valence state of Mn3+ ions, but also presented strong catalase (CAT)- and glutathione oxidase (GSHOx)-like catalytic activity to catalyze O2 generation and GSH consumption to relieve the inhibition of tumor microenvironment on photodynamic therapy (PDT). After further coordination with the photosensitizer porphyrin (TCPP), obtained TCPP-Mn-HNT not only inherited the catalytic properties of Mn-HNT to produce oxygen and consume GSH, but acted as photosensitizer for ROS accumulation to effectively destroy tumor cells. Moreover, TCPP-Mn-HNT can promote the maturation of dendritic cells (≈2.8 times), and present the tumor antigen triggered by PDT to T cells to strengthen high-efficient tumor therapy. The study provides new opportunities for designing metal ion delivery system with versatile biofunctions and offers a paradigm of synergistic metal-ion-mediated tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Wei
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yiting Yuan
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weimin Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Materials and Application, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Juan Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Materials and Application, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Rui Li
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huaming Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Materials and Application, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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4
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Huang J, Ji L, Si J, Yang X, Luo Y, Zheng X, Ye L, Li Y, Wang S, Ge T, Tong X, Cai Y, Mou X. Platelet membrane-coated oncolytic vaccinia virus with indocyanine green for the second near-infrared imaging guided multi-modal therapy of colorectal cancer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 671:216-231. [PMID: 38801796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy with insidious onset and diagnostic challenges, highlighting the need for therapeutic approaches to enhance theranostic outcomes. In this study, we elucidated the unique temperature-resistant properties of the oncolytic vaccinia virus (OVV), which can synergistically target tumors under photothermal conditions. To capitalize on this characteristic, we harnessed the potential of the OVV by surface-loading it with indocyanine green (ICG) and encapsulating it within a platelet membrane (PLTM), resulting in the creation of PLTM-ICG-OVV (PIOVV). This complex seamlessly integrates virotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photothermal therapy (PTT). The morphology, size, dispersion stability, optical properties, and cellular uptake of PIOVV were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed specificity of PIOVV for cancer cells; it effectively induced apoptosis and suppressed CT26 cell proliferation. In mouse models, PIOVV exhibits enhanced fluorescence at tumor sites, accompanied by prolonged blood circulation. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, PIOVV significantly inhibited tumor growth. This strategy holds the potential for advancing phototherapy, oncolytic virology, drug delivery, and tumor-specific targeting, particularly in the context of CRC theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Huang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; Department of Hematology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Lichen Ji
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jingxing Si
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xue Yang
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yanxi Luo
- Institute of Materia Medica, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Department, People's Hospital of Quzhou, Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou 324002, China
| | - Luyi Ye
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yishu Li
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shibing Wang
- Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Tong Ge
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiangmin Tong
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; Department of Hematology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Yu Cai
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Xiaozhou Mou
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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5
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Feng N, Peng Z, Zhang X, Lin Y, Hu L, Zheng L, Tang BZ, Zhang J. Strategically engineered Au(I) complexes for orchestrated tumor eradication via chemo-phototherapy and induced immunogenic cell death. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8187. [PMID: 39294133 PMCID: PMC11410803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a significant cause of death around the world, and for many varieties, treatment is not successful. Therefore, there is a need for the development of innovative, efficacious, and precisely targeted treatments. Here, we develop a series of Au(I) complexes (1-4) through rational manipulation of ligand structures, thereby achieving tumor cell specific targeting and orchestrated tumor eradication via chemo-phototherapy and induced immunogenic cell death. A comprehensive exploration based on in vitro and in vivo female mice experimentation shows that complex 4 exhibits proficiency in specific tumor imaging, endoplasmic reticulum targeting, and has robust therapeutic capabilities. Mechanistic elucidation indicates that the anticancer effect derives from the synergistic actions of thioredoxin reductase inhibition, highly efficient reactive oxygen species production and immunogenic cell death. This work presents a report on a robust Au(I) complex integrating three therapeutic modalities within a singular system. The strategy presented in this work provides a valuable reference for the development of high-performance therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yiling Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lianrui Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong, 518172, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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6
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Shi X, Wang Y, Qi F, Zhang H, Cao Y, Xu X, Liu W, Li C. Devising Biocompatible, NIR-Activated Helical Pyroptosis Agents via 𝛑-Twisting Strategy for Promoting Antitumor Immunity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405496. [PMID: 39291904 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Specifically controlling cell pyroptosis is advantageous for oncotherapy as it allows simultaneous ablation of primary tumors and activation of immunogenicity of tumor environment. Herein, a facile and robust strategy is presented to construct efficient NIR-activated helical pyroptosis agents (PyroAs) with negligible dark cytotoxicity. It is demonstrated that the construction of four intramolecular B-X bonds (X = O or N) within the BODIPY chromophore enforces a significant twisting of its π-conjugation, yielding a variety of helical HBD molecules with desired high photosensitivity and negligible dark toxicity. A robust approach is established to extend HBD into the near-infrared (NIR) region through site-selective incorporation of an electron-withdrawing ester moiety. It is also proved that targeted delivery of the NIR-activated HBD-ER to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) specifically activates pyroptosis pathway by equipping it with an ER-targeting moiety. Finally, the favorable biocompatibility, excellent antitumor efficacy, and remarkable systematic immune response of this unique NIR-activated helical PyroAs are shown in vivo, demonstrating its potential application in solid tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yaming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Fan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yahui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiaona Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Weiqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Changhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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7
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Cai M, Fu T, Zhu R, Hu P, Kong J, Liao S, Du Y, Zhang Y, Qu C, Dong X, Yin X, Ni J. An iron-based metal-organic framework nanoplatform for enhanced ferroptosis and oridonin delivery as a comprehensive antitumor strategy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:4073-4086. [PMID: 39309488 PMCID: PMC11413704 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently discovered pathway for regulated cell death pathway. However, its efficacy is affected by limited iron content and intracellular ion homeostasis. Here, we designed a metal-organic framework (MOF)-based nanoplatform that incorporates calcium peroxide (CaO2) and oridonin (ORI). This platform can improve the tumor microenvironment and disrupt intracellular iron homeostasis, thereby enhancing ferroptosis therapy. Fused cell membranes (FM) were used to modify nanoparticles (ORI@CaO2@Fe-TCPP, NPs) to produce FM@ORI@CaO2@Fe-TCPP (FM@NPs). The encapsulated ORI inhibited the HSPB1/PCBP1/IREB2 and FSP1/COQ10 pathways simultaneously, working in tandem with Fe3+ to induce ferroptosis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) guided by porphyrin (TCPP) significantly enhanced ferroptosis through excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This self-amplifying strategy promoted robust ferroptosis, which could work synergistically with FM-mediated immunotherapy. In vivo experiments showed that FM@NPs inhibited 91.57% of melanoma cells within six days, a rate 5.6 times higher than chemotherapy alone. FM@NPs were biodegraded and directly eliminated in the urine or faeces without substantial toxicity. Thus, this study demonstrated that combining immunotherapy with efficient ferroptosis induction through nanotechnology is a feasible and promising strategy for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Cai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Rongyue Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Panxiang Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jiahui Kong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Shilang Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yuji Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Changhai Qu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiaoxv Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xingbin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
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8
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Li Y, Tong F, Wang Y, Wang J, Wu M, Li H, Guo H, Gao H. I n situ tumor vaccine with optimized nanoadjuvants and lymph node targeting capacity to treat ovarian cancer and metastases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:4102-4117. [PMID: 39309485 PMCID: PMC11413692 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor vaccine, a promising modality of tumor immunotherapy, needs to go through the process of tumor antigen generation and loading, antigen drainage to lymph nodes (LNs), antigen internalization by dendritic cells (DCs), DC maturation, and antigen cross-presentation to activate T-cells. However, tumor vaccines are often unable to satisfy all the steps, leading to the limitation of their application and efficacy. Herein, based on a smart nanogel system, an in situ nano-vaccine (CpG@Man-P/Tra/Gel) targeting LNs was constructed to induce potent anti-tumor immune effects and inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer. The CpG@Man-P/Tra/Gel exhibited MMP-2-sensitive release of trametinib (Tra) and nano-adjuvant CPG@Man-P, which generated abundant in situ depot of whole-cell tumor antigens and formed in situ nano-vaccines with CpG@Man-P. Benefiting from mannose (Man) modification, the nano-vaccines targeted to LNs, promoted the uptake of antigens by DCs, further inducing the maturation of DCs and activation of T cells. Moreover, CpG@Man-P with different particle sizes were prepared and the effective size was selected to evaluate the antitumor effect and immune response in vivo. Notably, combined with PD-1 blocking, the vaccine effectively inhibited primary tumor growth and induced tumor-specific immune response against tumor recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yufan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Manqi Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hanmei Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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9
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Tiwari S, Rudani BA, Tiwari P, Bahadur P, Flora SJS. Photodynamic therapy of cancer using graphene nanomaterials. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:1331-1348. [PMID: 39205381 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2398604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High incidence and fatality rates of cancer remain a global challenge. The success of conventional treatment modalities is being questioned on account of adverse effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a potential alternative. It utilizes a combination of photosensitizer (PS), light and oxygen to target the tissues locally, thereby minimizing the damage to neighboring healthy tissues. Conventional PSs suffer from poor selectivity, high hydrophobicity and sub-optimal yield of active radicals. Graphene nanomaterials (GNs) exhibit interesting particulate and photophysical properties in the context of their use in PDT. AREA COVERED We focus on describing the mechanistic aspects of PDT-mediated elimination of cancer cells and the subsequent development of adaptive immunity. After covering up-to-date literature on the significant enhancement of PDT capability with GNs, we have discussed the probability of combining PDT with chemo-, immuno-, and photothermal therapy to make the treatment more effective. EXPERT OPINION GNs can be synthesized in various size ranges, and their biocompatibility can be improved through surface functionalization and doping. These can be used as PS to generate ROS or conjugated with other PS molecules for treating deep-seated tumors. With increasing evidence on biosafety, such materials offer hope as antitumor therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Raebareli, Lucknow, India
| | - Binny A Rudani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Raebareli, Lucknow, India
| | - Priyanka Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Raebareli, Lucknow, India
| | - Pratap Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, India
| | - Swaran J S Flora
- Era College of Pharmacy, Era Lucknow Medical University, Lucknow, India
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10
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Modi SK, Mohapatra P, Bhatt P, Singh A, Parmar AS, Roy A, Joshi V, Singh MS. Targeting tumor microenvironment with photodynamic nanomedicine. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 39152568 DOI: 10.1002/med.22072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is approved for the treatment of certain cancers and precancer lesions. While early Photosensitizers (PS) have found their way to the clinic, research in the last two decades has led to the development of third-generation PS, including photodynamic nanomedicine for improved tumor delivery and minimal systemic or phototoxicity. In terms of nanoparticle design for PDT, we are witnessing a shift from passive to active delivery for improved outcomes with reduced PS dosage. Tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises of a complex and dynamic landscape with myriad potential targets for photodynamic nanocarriers that are surface-modified with ligands. Herein, we review ways to improvise PDT by actively targeting nanoparticles (NPs) to intracellular organelles such as mitochondria or lysosomes and so forth, overcoming the limitations caused by PDT-induced hypoxia, disrupting the blood vascular networks in tumor tissues-vascular targeted PDT (VTP) and targeting immune cells for photoimmunotherapy. We propose that a synergistic outlook will help to address challenges such as deep-seated tumors, metastasis, or relapse and would lead to robust PDT response in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Kumar Modi
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Center of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames, London, UK
| | - Pragyan Mohapatra
- Center for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Priya Bhatt
- Center for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Aishleen Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Avanish Singh Parmar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aniruddha Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vibhuti Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Center of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manu Smriti Singh
- Center for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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11
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Gong N, Alameh MG, El-Mayta R, Xue L, Weissman D, Mitchell MJ. Enhancing in situ cancer vaccines using delivery technologies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024; 23:607-625. [PMID: 38951662 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-024-00974-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
In situ cancer vaccination refers to any approach that exploits tumour antigens available at a tumour site to induce tumour-specific adaptive immune responses. These approaches hold great promise for the treatment of many solid tumours, with numerous candidate drugs under preclinical or clinical evaluation and several products already approved. However, there are challenges in the development of effective in situ cancer vaccines. For example, inadequate release of tumour antigens from tumour cells limits antigen uptake by immune cells; insufficient antigen processing by antigen-presenting cells restricts the generation of antigen-specific T cell responses; and the suppressive immune microenvironment of the tumour leads to exhaustion and death of effector cells. Rationally designed delivery technologies such as lipid nanoparticles, hydrogels, scaffolds and polymeric nanoparticles are uniquely suited to overcome these challenges through the targeted delivery of therapeutics to tumour cells, immune cells or the extracellular matrix. Here, we discuss delivery technologies that have the potential to reduce various clinical barriers for in situ cancer vaccines. We also provide our perspective on this emerging field that lies at the interface of cancer vaccine biology and delivery technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningqiang Gong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Rakan El-Mayta
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lulu Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Penn institute for RNA innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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12
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Zhang P, Cheng M, Levi-Kalisman Y, Raviv U, Xu Y, Han J, Dou H. Macromolecular Nano-Assemblies for Enhancing the Effect of Oxygen-Dependent Photodynamic Therapy Against Hypoxic Tumors. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401700. [PMID: 38797874 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In oxygen (O2)-dependent photodynamic therapy (PDT), photosensitizers absorb light energy, which is then transferred to ambient O2 and subsequently generates cytotoxic singlet oxygen (1O2). Therefore, the availability of O2 and the utilization efficiency of generated 1O2 are two significant factors that influence the effectiveness of PDT. However, tumor microenvironments (TMEs) characterized by hypoxia and limited utilization efficiency of 1O2 resulting from its short half-life and short diffusion distance significantly restrict the applicability of PDT for hypoxic tumors. To address these challenges, numerous macromolecular nano-assemblies (MNAs) have been designed to relieve hypoxia, utilize hypoxia or enhance the utilization efficiency of 1O2. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review on recent advancements achieved with MNAs in enhancing the effectiveness of O2-dependent PDT against hypoxic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Yael Levi-Kalisman
- Institute of Life Sciences and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond Safra Campus, 9190401, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Uri Raviv
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond Safra Campus, 9190401, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yichun Xu
- Shanghai Biochip Co. Ltd. and National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai, 151 Libing Road, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Junsong Han
- Shanghai Biochip Co. Ltd. and National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai, 151 Libing Road, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjing Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
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13
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Zhao C, Sun W, Huang X, Liu Y, Wang HY. Alkaline Phosphatase Activated Near-Infrared Frequency Upconversion Photosensitizers for Tumor Photodynamic Therapy. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39057921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising anticancer method due to its noninvasive features, high efficiency, and superior accuracy. The activated near-infrared upconversion photosensitizer has a high tissue penetration depth and could be explicitly released with minimal side effects. Therefore, we designed and synthesized a series of Br-substituted compounds (NFh-Br) based on the near-infrared upconversion hemicyanine dye. The heavy atomic effect improves the generation of 1O2 and upconversion luminous efficiency. Especially, NFh-Br11 exhibited an excellent 1O2 generation rate under 808 nm excitation and effectively killed tumor cells in vitro, and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-activatable photosensitizer (NFh-ALP) was obtained by modifying the NFh-Br11. NFh-ALP could be activated by ALP and release NFh-Br11, which induces apoptosis of tumor cells and has outstanding anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. This work could provide a strategy for designing activatable upconversion photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wanlu Sun
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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14
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Liu T, Yao W, Sun W, Yuan Y, Liu C, Liu X, Wang X, Jiang H. Components, Formulations, Deliveries, and Combinations of Tumor Vaccines. ACS NANO 2024; 18:18801-18833. [PMID: 38979917 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Tumor vaccines, an important part of immunotherapy, prevent cancer or kill existing tumor cells by activating or restoring the body's own immune system. Currently, various formulations of tumor vaccines have been developed, including cell vaccines, tumor cell membrane vaccines, tumor DNA vaccines, tumor mRNA vaccines, tumor polypeptide vaccines, virus-vectored tumor vaccines, and tumor-in-situ vaccines. There are also multiple delivery systems for tumor vaccines, such as liposomes, cell membrane vesicles, viruses, exosomes, and emulsions. In addition, to decrease the risk of tumor immune escape and immune tolerance that may exist with a single tumor vaccine, combination therapy of tumor vaccines with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines, CAR-T therapy, or photoimmunotherapy is an effective strategy. Given the critical role of tumor vaccines in immunotherapy, here, we look back to the history of tumor vaccines, and we discuss the antigens, adjuvants, formulations, delivery systems, mechanisms, combination therapy, and future directions of tumor vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Wenyan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Wenyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Yihan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
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15
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Yang C, Jiang Y, Zhang K, Zhu X, Li J, Yu H, Chen J, Gu X, Gan Z, Yu Q. Photodynamic Therapy Derived Personalized Whole Cell Tumor Vaccine Prevents Postsurgery Tumor Recurrence and Metastasis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308456. [PMID: 38342675 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
In order to avoid the time-consuming and laborious identification of tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) during the traditional vaccine fabrication process, a versatile photodynamic therapy (PDT)-based method is developed to construct a whole-tumor antigen tumor vaccine (TV) from surgically resected tumor tissues for personalized immunotherapy. Mucoadhesive nanoparticles containing small-molecular photosensitizer are fabricated and directly co-incubated with suspended tumor cells obtained after cytoreduction surgery. After irradiation with a 405 nm laser, potent immunogenic cell death of cancer cells could be induced. Along with the release of TSAs, the as-prepared TV could activate safe and robust tumor-specific immune responses, leading to efficient suppression of postsurgery tumor recurrence and metastasis. The as-prepared TV cannot only be applied alone through various administration routes but also synergize with immunoadjuvant, chemotherapeutics, and immune checkpoint blockers to exert more potent immune responses. This work provides an alternative way to promote the clinical translation of PDT, which is generally restricted by the limited penetration of light. Moreover, the versatile strategy of vaccine fabrication also facilitates the clinical application of personalized whole-cell tumor vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yitong Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xianqi Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianlin Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haiwang Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xinggui Gu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhihua Gan
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qingsong Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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16
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Peng J, Li S, Ti H. Sensitize Tumor Immunotherapy: Immunogenic Cell Death Inducing Nanosystems. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:5895-5930. [PMID: 38895146 PMCID: PMC11184231 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s457782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Low immunogenicity of tumors poses a challenge in the development of effective tumor immunotherapy. However, emerging evidence suggests that certain therapeutic approaches, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and phototherapy, can induce varying degrees of immunogenic cell death (ICD). This ICD phenomenon leads to the release of tumor antigens and the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), thereby enhancing tumor immunogenicity and promoting immune responses. However, the use of a single conventional ICD inducer often fails to achieve in situ tumor ablation and establish long-term anti-tumor immune responses. Furthermore, the induction of ICD induction varies among different approaches, and the distribution of the therapeutic agent within the body influences the level of ICD and the occurrence of toxic side effects. To address these challenges and further boost tumor immunity, researchers have explored nanosystems as inducers of ICD in combination with tumor immunotherapy. This review examines the mechanisms of ICD and different induction methods, with a specific focus on the relationship between ICD and tumor immunity. The aim is to explore the research advancements utilizing various nanomaterials to enhance the body's anti-tumor effects by inducing ICD. This paper aims to contribute to the development and clinical application of nanomaterial-based ICD inducers in the field of cancer immunotherapy by providing important theoretical guidance and practical references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlan Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huihui Ti
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Precise Medicine and Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Huang PY, Liang SY, Xiang Y, Li MR, Wang MR, Liu LH. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Targeting Self-Assembly Nanosheets Promote Autophagy and Regulate Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment for Efficient Photodynamic Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311056. [PMID: 38377262 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The poor efficiency and low immunogenicity of photodynamic therapy (PDT), and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) lead to tumor recurrence and metastasis. In this work, TCPP-TER-Zn@RSV nanosheets (TZR NSs) that co-assembled from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeting photosensitizer TCPP-TER-Zn nanosheets (TZ NSs for short) and the autophagy promoting and indoleamine-(2, 3)-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor-like resveratrol (RSV) are fabricated to enhance antitumor PDT. TZR NSs exhibit improved therapeutic efficiency and amplified immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD) by ER targeting PDT and ER autophagy promotion. TZR NSs reversed the ITM with an increase of CD8+ T cells and reduce of immunosuppressive Foxp3 regulatory T cells, which effectively burst antitumor immunity thus clearing residual tumor cells. The ER-targeting TZR NSs developed in this paper presents a simple but valuable reference for high-efficiency tumor photodynamic immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Huang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Yu Liang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yun Xiang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Rui Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Rong Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Li-Han Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
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18
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Wang B, Zhou J, Li R, Tang D, Cao Z, Xu C, Xiao H. Activating CD8 + T Cells by Pt(IV) Prodrug-Based Nanomedicine and aPD-L1 Antibody for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311640. [PMID: 38341667 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed substantial progress in cancer immunotherapy, specifically T cell-based therapies. However, the application of T cell therapies has been primarily limited to hematologic malignancies, with limited success in the treatment of solid tumors. The main challenge in treating solid tumor is immune escape, which is characterized by reduced antigenicity, diminished immunogenicity, and the development of suppressive tumor immune microenvironments. To address these obstacles and restore T cell-mediated anti-tumor responses, a novel nanoparticle formulation known as PRA@Oxa-c16 is developed. This innovative approach combines retinoic acid and Pt(IV) to specifically target and overcome immune escape. Notably, the therapeutic efficacy of PRA@Oxa-c16 primarily relies on its ability to induce anti-tumor T cell responses, in contrast to the cytotoxicity associated with conventional chemotherapeutic agents. When combined with an immune checkpoint blockade, anti-programmed death-ligand 1 antibody, PRA@Oxa-c16 effectively eliminates solid tumors and induces immune memory responses, which prevent tumor metastasis and recurrence. This promising approach holds great potential for enhancing the treatment of solid tumors with T cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingyu Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ruitong Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai university, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dongsheng Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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19
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Liu J, Cabral H, Mi P. Nanocarriers address intracellular barriers for efficient drug delivery, overcoming drug resistance, subcellular targeting and controlled release. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115239. [PMID: 38437916 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The cellular barriers are major bottlenecks for bioactive compounds entering into cells to accomplish their biological functions, which limits their biomedical applications. Nanocarriers have demonstrated high potential and benefits for encapsulating bioactive compounds and efficiently delivering them into target cells by overcoming a cascade of intracellular barriers to achieve desirable therapeutic and diagnostic effects. In this review, we introduce the cellular barriers ahead of drug delivery and nanocarriers, as well as summarize recent advances and strategies of nanocarriers for increasing internalization with cells, promoting intracellular trafficking, overcoming drug resistance, targeting subcellular locations and controlled drug release. Lastly, the future perspectives of nanocarriers for intracellular drug delivery are discussed, which mainly focus on potential challenges and future directions. Our review presents an overview of intracellular drug delivery by nanocarriers, which may encourage the future development of nanocarriers for efficient and precision drug delivery into a wide range of cells and subcellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Peng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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20
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Wang Z, Wang Q, Cao H, Wang Z, Wang D, Liu J, Gao T, Ren C, Liu J. Mitochondrial Localized In Situ Self-Assembly Reprogramming Tumor Immune and Metabolic Microenvironment for Enhanced Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311043. [PMID: 38190762 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The inherent immune and metabolic tumor microenvironment (TME) of most solid tumors adversely affect the antitumor efficacy of various treatments, which is an urgent issue to be solved in clinical cancer therapy. In this study, a mitochondrial localized in situ self-assembly system is constructed to remodel the TME by improving immunogenicity and disrupting the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells. The peptide-based drug delivery system can be pre-assembled into nanomicelles in vitro and form functional nanofibers on mitochondria through a cascade-responsive process involving reductive release, targeted enrichment, and in situ self-assembly. The organelle-specific in situ self-assemblyeffectively switches the role of mitophagy from pro-survival to pro-death, which finally induces intense endoplasmic reticulum stress and atypical type II immunogenic cell death. Disintegration of the mitochondrial ultrastructure also impedes the metabolic plasticity of tumor cells, which greatly promotes the immunosuppresive TME remodeling into an immunostimulatory TME. Ultimately, the mitochondrial localized in situ self-assembly system effectively suppresses tumor metastases, and converts cold tumors into hot tumors with enhanced sensitivity to radiotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade therapy. This study offers a universal strategy for spatiotemporally controlling supramolecular self-assembly on sub-organelles to determine cancer cell fate and enhance cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Dianyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Jinjian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Tongxin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
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21
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Yu Q, Li X, Wang J, Guo L, Huang L, Gao W. Recent Advances in Reprogramming Strategy of Tumor Microenvironment for Rejuvenating Photosensitizers-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305708. [PMID: 38018311 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has recently been considered a potential tumor therapy due to its time-space specificity and non-invasive advantages. PDT can not only directly kill tumor cells by using cytotoxic reactive oxygen species but also induce an anti-tumor immune response by causing immunogenic cell death of tumor cells. Although it exhibits a promising prospect in treating tumors, there are still many problems to be solved in its practical application. Tumor hypoxia and immunosuppressive microenvironment seriously affect the efficacy of PDT. The hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment is mainly due to the abnormal vascular matrix around the tumor, its abnormal metabolism, and the influence of various immunosuppressive-related cells and their expressed molecules. Thus, reprogramming the tumor microenvironment (TME) is of great significance for rejuvenating PDT. This article reviews the latest strategies for rejuvenating PDT, from regulating tumor vascular matrix, interfering with tumor cell metabolism, and reprogramming immunosuppressive related cells and factors to reverse tumor hypoxia and immunosuppressive microenvironment. These strategies provide valuable information for a better understanding of the significance of TME in PDT and also guide the development of the next-generation multifunctional nanoplatforms for PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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22
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Pan H, Liu P, Zhao L, Pan Y, Mao M, Kroemer G, Kepp O. Immunogenic cell stress and death in the treatment of cancer. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:11-21. [PMID: 37977108 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The successful treatment of oncological malignancies which results in long-term disease control or the complete eradication of cancerous cells necessitates the onset of adaptive immune responses targeting tumor-specific antigens. Such desirable anticancer immunity can be triggered via the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) of cancer cells, thus converting malignant cells into an in situ vaccine that elicits T cell mediated adaptive immune responses and establishes durable immunological memory. The exploration of ICD for cancer treatment has been subject to extensive research. However, functional heterogeneity among ICD activating therapies in many cases requires specific co-medications to achieve full-blown efficacy. Here, we described the hallmarks of ICD and classify ICD activators into three distinct functional categories namely, according to their mode of action: (i) ICD inducers, which increase the immunogenicity of malignant cells, (ii) ICD sensitizers, which prime cellular circuitries for ICD induction by conventional cytotoxic agents, and (iii) ICD enhancers, which improve the perception of ICD signals by antigen presenting dendritic cells. Altogether, ICD induction, sensitization and enhancement offer the possibility to convert well-established conventional anticancer therapies into immunotherapeutic approaches that activate T cell-mediated anticancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Pan
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Peng Liu
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Yuhong Pan
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Misha Mao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France; Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France.
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23
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Chen B, Huang R, Zeng W, Wang W, Min Y. Nanocodelivery of an NIR photothermal agent and an acid-responsive TLR7 agonist prodrug to enhance cancer photothermal immunotherapy and the abscopal effect. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122434. [PMID: 38141501 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) greatly limits the actual outcome of immunotherapy. Therefore, it is urgent to develop appropriate strategies to reshape the TME and ultimately induce a strong immune response. Here, we developed a dual-functional liposome loaded with the photothermal agent IR808 near the infrared region (NIR) and Toll-like-receptor-7 (TLR7) agonist loxoribine prodrug (Lipo@IR808@Loxo) to achieve NIR light-triggered photothermal therapy (PTT) and the targeted delivery of immune adjuvants. Under NIR irradiation, Lipo@IR808@Loxo could greatly improve the efficiency of PTT to directly kill tumor cells and release tumor-associated antigens, which could work together with loaded loxoribine to relieve the immunosuppressive TME, effectively promoting the activation of antigen-presenting cells and subsequent antigen presentation. In this way, Lipo@IR808@Loxo could act as an in situ therapeutic cancer vaccine, eventually inducing a potent antitumor T-cell response. When further combined with immune checkpoint blockade, Lipo@IR808@Loxo-mediated photothermal immunotherapy could not only eliminate the primary tumors but also inhibit the growth of distant tumors, thus enhancing the abscopal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Bio-X Interdisciplinary Science at Hefei National Laboratory (HFNL) for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Ruijie Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Bio-X Interdisciplinary Science at Hefei National Laboratory (HFNL) for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
| | - Yuanzeng Min
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Bio-X Interdisciplinary Science at Hefei National Laboratory (HFNL) for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China; CAS Key Lab of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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24
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Dudzik T, Domański I, Makuch S. The impact of photodynamic therapy on immune system in cancer - an update. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1335920. [PMID: 38481994 PMCID: PMC10933008 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1335920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic approach that has gained significant attention in recent years with its promising impact on the immune system. Recent studies have shown that PDT can modulate both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. Currently, numerous clinical trials are underway to investigate the effectiveness of this method in treating various types of cancer, as well as to evaluate the impact of PDT on immune system in cancer treatment. Notably, clinical studies have demonstrated the recruitment and activation of immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells, at the treatment site following PDT. Moreover, combination approaches involving PDT and immunotherapy have also been explored in clinical trials. Despite significant advancements in its technological and clinical development, further studies are needed to fully uncover the mechanisms underlying immune activation by PDT. The main objective of this review is to comprehensively summarize and discuss both ongoing and completed studies that evaluate the impact of PDT of cancer on immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Dudzik
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Igor Domański
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Makuch
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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25
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Qu C, Yuan H, Tian M, Zhang X, Xia P, Shi G, Hou R, Li J, Jiang H, Yang Z, Chen T, Li Z, Wang J, Yuan Y. Precise Photodynamic Therapy by Midkine Nanobody-Engineered Nanoparticles Remodels the Microenvironment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Potentiates the Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4019-4037. [PMID: 38253029 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is notorious for its resistance against chemotherapy and immunotherapy due to its dense desmoplastic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT) was also less effective for PDAC owing to poor selectivity, insufficient penetration, and accumulation of photosensitizers in tumor sites. Here, we designed a light-responsive novel nanoplatform targeting the TME of PDAC through tumor-specific midkine nanobodies (Nbs), which could efficiently deliver semiconducting polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) to the TME of PDAC and locally produce abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) for precise photoimmunotherapy. The synthesized nanocomposite can not only achieve multimodal imaging of PDAC tumors (fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging) but also lead to apoptosis and immunogenic cell death of tumor cells via ROS under light excitation, ultimately preventing tumor progression and remodeling the immunosuppressive TME with increased infiltration of T lymphocytes. Combined with a PD-1 checkpoint blockade, the targeted PDT platform showed the best antitumor performance and markedly extended mice survival. Conclusively, this work integrating Nbs with photodynamic NPs provides a novel strategy to target formidable PDAC to achieve tumor suppression and activate antitumor immunity, creating possibilities for boosting efficacy of immunotherapy for PDAC tumors through the combination with precise local PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital; First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ming Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics· Guangdong Province), Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Guangwei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery & Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People' s Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangzhou 528300, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Rui Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital; First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ji Li
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Tengxiang Chen
- Precision Medicine Research Institute of Guizhou Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital; First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital; First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China
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26
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Li Z, Wang J, Liu J, Yu J, Wang J, Wang H, Wei Q, Liu M, Xu M, Feng Z, Zhong T, Zhang X. Multifunctional ZnO@DOX/ICG-LMHP Nanoparticles for Synergistic Multimodal Antitumor Activity. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:35. [PMID: 38391888 PMCID: PMC10889406 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional nanoparticles are of significant importance for synergistic multimodal antitumor activity. Herein, zinc oxide (ZnO) was used as pH-sensitive nanoparticles for loading the chemotherapy agent doxorubicin (DOX) and the photosensitizer agent indocyanine green (ICG), and biocompatible low-molecular-weight heparin (LMHP) was used as the gatekeepers for synergistic photothermal therapy/photodynamic therapy/chemotherapy/immunotherapy. ZnO was decomposed into cytotoxic Zn2+ ions, leading to a tumor-specific release of ICG and DOX. ZnO simultaneously produced oxygen (O2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The released ICG under laser irradiation produced ROS for PDT and raised the tumor temperature for photothermal therapy (PTT). The released DOX directly caused tumor cell death for chemotherapy. Both DOX and ICG also induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) for immunotherapy. The in vivo and in vitro results presented a superior inhibition of tumor progression, metastasis and recurrence. Therefore, this study could provide an efficient approach for designing multifunctional nanoparticles for synergistic multimodal antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyue Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianming Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qingchao Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meiqi Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenhan Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ting Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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27
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Wang F, Xie M, Huang Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhu L, Zhu X, Guo Y, Zhang C. In Situ Vaccination with An Injectable Nucleic Acid Hydrogel for Synergistic Cancer Immunotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315282. [PMID: 38032360 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, therapeutic cancer vaccines have emerged as promising candidates for cancer immunotherapy. Nevertheless, their efficacies are frequently impeded by challenges including inadequate antigen encapsulation, insufficient immune activation, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Herein, we report a three-in-one hydrogel assembled by nucleic acids (NAs) that can serve as a vaccine to in situ trigger strong immune response against cancer. Through site-specifically grafting the chemodrug, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (also known as SN38), onto three component phosphorothioate (PS) DNA strands, a Y-shaped motif (Y-motif) with sticky ends is self-assembled, at one terminus of which an unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) segment is introduced as an immune agonist. Thereafter, programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) siRNA that performs as immune checkpoint inhibitor is designed as a crosslinker to assemble with the CpG- and SN38-containing Y-motif, resulting in the formation of final NA hydrogel vaccine. With three functional agents inside, the hydrogel can remarkably induce the immunogenic cell death to enhance the antigen presentation, promoting the dendritic cell maturation and effector T lymphocyte infiltration, as well as relieving the immunosuppressive tumor environment. When inoculated twice at tumor sites, the vaccine demonstrates a substantial antitumor effect in melanoma mouse model, proving its potential as a general platform for synergistic cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Miao Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yangyang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuhe Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xinlong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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28
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Qin W, Qiao L, Wang Q, Gao M, Zhou M, Sun Q, Zhang H, Yang T, Shan G, Yao W, Yi X, He X. Advancing Precision: A Controllable Self-Synergistic Nanoplatform Initiating Pyroptosis-Based Immunogenic Cell Death Cascade for Targeted Tumor Therapy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1582-1598. [PMID: 38170456 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is primarily responsible for ineffective tumor treatment and uncontrolled tumor progression. Pyroptosis-based immunogenic cell death (ICD) therapy is an ideal strategy to overcome TME heterogeneity and obtain a satisfactory antitumor effect. However, the efficiency of current pyroptosis therapeutics, which mainly depends on a single endogenous or exogenous stimulus, is limited by the intrinsic pathological features of malignant cells. Thus, it is necessary to develop a synergistic strategy with a high tumor specificity and modulability. Herein, a synergistic nanoplatform is constructed by combining a neutrophil camouflaging shell and a self-synergistic reactive oxygen species (ROS) supplier-loaded polymer. The covered neutrophil membranes endow the nanoplatform with stealthy properties and facilitate sufficient tumor accumulation. Under laser irradiation, the photosensitizer (indocyanine green) exogenously triggers ROS generation and converts the laser irradiation into heat to upregulate NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, which further catalyzes β-Lapachone to self-produce sufficient endogenous ROS, resulting in amplified ICD outcomes. The results confirm that the continuously amplified ROS production not only eliminates the primary tumor but also concurrently enhances gasdermin E-mediated pyroptosis, initiates an ICD cascade, re-educates the heterogeneous TME, and promotes a systemic immune response to suppress distant tumors. Overall, this self-synergistic nanoplatform provides an efficient and durable method for redesigning the immune system for targeted tumor inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiji Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230011, P. R. China
| | - Lei Qiao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Man Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Qiuting Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230011, P. R. China
| | - Huiru Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230011, P. R. China
| | - Tianhao Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230011, P. R. China
| | - Guisong Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230011, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230011, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Yi
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230011, P. R. China
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Nie W, Jiang A, Ou X, Zhou J, Li Z, Liang C, Huang LL, Wu G, Xie HY. Metal-polyphenol "prison" attenuated bacterial outer membrane vesicle for chemodynamics promoted in situ tumor vaccines. Biomaterials 2024; 304:122396. [PMID: 38043464 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
As natural adjuvants, the bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMV) hold great potential in cancer vaccines. However, the inherent immunotoxicity of OMV and the rarity of tumor-specific antigens seriously hamper the clinical translation of OMV-based cancer vaccines. Herein, metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) are used to attenuate the toxicity of OMV, meanwhile, provide tumor antigens via the chemodynamic effect induced immunogenic cell death (ICD). Specifically, MPNs are assembled on the OMV surface through the coordination reaction between ferric ions and tannic acid. The iron-based "prison" is locally collapsed in the tumor microenvironment (TME) with both low pH and high ATP features, and thus the systemic toxicity of OMV is significantly attenuated. The released ferric ions in TME promote the ICD of cancer cells through Fenton reaction and then the generation of abundant tumor antigens, which can be used to fabricate in-situ vaccines by converging with OMV. Together with the immunomodulatory effect of OMV, potent tumor repression on a bilateral tumor model is achieved with good biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Nie
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Anqi Jiang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xu Ou
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Zhou
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Zijin Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Guanghao Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Hai-Yan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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30
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Liu X, Lu Y, Li X, Luo L, You J. Nanoplatform-enhanced photodynamic therapy for the induction of immunogenic cell death. J Control Release 2024; 365:1058-1073. [PMID: 38056695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
As an efficient, non-invasive, low-side-effect, and highly selective cancer therapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used to treat various malignant tumors. However, the inefficiency of dealing with deep tumors and metastatic lesions highly limits the use of PDT. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a particular form of tumor cell death that could elicit a tumor-special immune response, leading to a systemic anti-tumor effect and providing therapeutic benefits for metastatic lesions. In this regard, it is crucial to enhance the ability of PDT to induce ICD. Luckily, advanced nanotechnology created many promising ways to improve the immunogenicity of PDT and achieve photoimmunotherapy. This review summarizes the emerging strategies for triggering immunogenic cell death via nanoplatform-enhanced PDT, with particular emphasis on their advantages in photoimmunotherapy. We highlight the nanoplatforms classified according to the basic principles of photodynamic therapy and immunogenic cell death, which provides a valuable reference for the design of nanoplatform for photoimmunotherapy. In addition, we also discuss the current situation and prospect of nano-based photoimmunotherapy in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yichao Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, 498 Yiwu Street, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321299, P. R. China.
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P. R. China; The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 QingChun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P. R. China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, 498 Yiwu Street, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321299, P. R. China.
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Ling H, Zhang Q, Luo Q, Ouyang D, He Z, Sun J, Sun M. Dynamic immuno-nanomedicines in oncology. J Control Release 2024; 365:668-687. [PMID: 38042376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Anti-cancer therapeutics have achieved significant advances due to the emergence of immunotherapies that rely on the identification of tumors by the patients' immune system and subsequent tumor eradication. However, tumor cells often escape immunity, leading to poor responsiveness and easy tolerance to immunotherapy. Thus, the potentiated anti-tumor immunity in patients resistant to immunotherapies remains a challenge. Reactive oxygen species-based dynamic nanotherapeutics are not new in the anti-tumor field, but their potential as immunomodulators has only been demonstrated in recent years. Dynamic nanotherapeutics can distinctly enhance anti-tumor immune response, which derives the concept of the dynamic immuno-nanomedicines (DINMs). This review describes the pivotal role of DINMs in cancer immunotherapy and provides an overview of the clinical realities of DINMs. The preclinical development of emerging DINMs is also outlined. Moreover, strategies to synergize the antitumor immunity by DINMs in combination with other immunologic agents are summarized. Last but not least, the challenges and opportunities related to DINMs-mediated immune responses are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ling
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Qinyi Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiuhua Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Defang Ouyang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
| | - Mengchi Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
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Qian Y, Wang M, Xie Y, Sun Q, Gao M, Li C. Rationally Integrated Precise ER-Targeted and Oxygen-Compensated Photodynamic Immunostimulant for Immunogenicity-Boosted Tumor Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301728. [PMID: 37602576 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Notwithstanding that immunotherapy has made eminent clinical breakthroughs, activating the immunogenicity and breaking the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME) remains tempting yet challenging. Herein, a customized-designed immunostimulant is engineered for attenuating ITME and eliciting an immune response to address this challenge head-on. This immunostimulant is equipped with dual silica layers coated upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as nanocarriers modified with endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted molecular N-p-Tosylglycine, in which the dense silica for chlorin e6 (Ce6) and the glutathione (GSH)-responsive degradable silica for loading resveratrol (RES) - (UCSMRER ). On the one hand, this precise ER-targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in situ under the 980 nm laser irradiation, which not only induced severe cell death directly but also caused intense ER stress-based immunogenic cell death (ICD). On the other hand, tumor hypoxia aggravated by the PDT is alleviated by RES released on-demand, which reduced oxygen consumption by impairing the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). This integrated precise ER-targeted and oxygen-compensated strategy maximized the PDT effect and potentiated ICD-associated immunotherapy, which availed to attenuate ITME, activate tumor immunogenicity, and further magnify the anti-tumor effect. This innovative concept about PDT and immunotherapy sheds light on cancer-related clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Qian
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Man Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Xie
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Minghong Gao
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
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Barone A, Zimbo AM, d'Avanzo N, Tolomeo AM, Ruga S, Cardamone A, Celia C, Scalise M, Torella D, La Deda M, Iaccino E, Paolino D. Thermoresponsive M1 macrophage-derived hybrid nanovesicles for improved in vivo tumor targeting. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:3154-3168. [PMID: 37365403 PMCID: PMC10624726 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite the efforts and advances done in the last few decades, cancer still remains one of the main leading causes of death worldwide. Nanomedicine and in particular extracellular vesicles are one of the most potent tools to improve the effectiveness of anticancer therapies. In these attempts, the aim of this work is to realize a hybrid nanosystem through the fusion between the M1 macrophages-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs-M1) and thermoresponsive liposomes, in order to obtain a drug delivery system able to exploit the intrinsic tumor targeting capability of immune cells reflected on EVs and thermoresponsiveness of synthetic nanovesicles. The obtained nanocarrier has been physicochemically characterized, and the hybridization process has been validated by cytofluorimetric analysis, while the thermoresponsiveness was in vitro confirmed through the use of a fluorescent probe. Tumor targeting features of hybrid nanovesicles were in vivo investigated on melanoma-induced mice model monitoring the accumulation in tumor site through live imaging and confirmed by cytofluorimetric analysis, showing higher targeting properties of hybrid nanosystem compared to both liposomes and native EVs. These promising results confirmed the ability of this nanosystem to combine the advantages of both nanotechnologies, also highlighting their potential use as effective and safe personalized anticancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Barone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Zimbo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola d'Avanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Tolomeo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Science and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food, Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food, Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Christian Celia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti - Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus G. 9, 44307, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Mariangela Scalise
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Torella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Massimo La Deda
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
- CNR-NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology U.O.S, 87036, Cosenza, Rende, Italy
| | - Enrico Iaccino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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34
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Luo L, Luo Z, Wang L, Hu Y, Zhang J, Yin H, You J. Liposome Vaccine for Active Regulation of Cellular and Humoral Immunity. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5668-5681. [PMID: 37856874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in vaccine development, especially in the fight against viral infections, many unexplored areas remain including innovative adjuvants, diversification of vaccine formulations, and research into the coordination of humoral and cellular immune mechanisms induced by vaccines. Effective coordination of humoral and cellular immunity is crucial in vaccine design. In this study, we used the spike protein (S) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or ovalbumin (OVA) as antigen models and CpG DNA (an activator of toll-like receptor 9, TLR9) as an adjuvant to prepare a multitargeted liposome (LIPO) vaccine. Once equipped with the ability to target lymph nodes (LN) and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the LIPO vaccine significantly enhances the cross-presentation ability of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for exogenous antigens through the ER-associated protein degradation (ERSD) mechanism. Additionally, the vaccine could fine-tune the efficiency of ER-targeted antigen delivery, actively regulating the presentation of exogenous antigen proteins via the major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) or MHC-II pathways. Immune data from in vivo mouse experiments indicated that the LIPO vaccine effectively stimulated both humoral and cellular immune responses. Furthermore, it triggers immune protection by establishing a robust and persistent germinal center. Moreover, the multifunctionality of this LIPO vaccine extends to the fields of cancer, viruses, and bacteria, providing insights for skilled vaccine design and improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, 403 Yongkang Street, Jinhua 321299, China
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Litong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yilong Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junlei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hang Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, 403 Yongkang Street, Jinhua 321299, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310009, China
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Gu J, Liu X, Ji Z, Shen M, Zhu M, Ren Y, Guo L, Yang K, Liu T, Yi X. Tumor Vascular Destruction and cGAS-STING Activation Induced by Single Drug-Loaded Nano-Micelles for Multiple Synergistic Therapies of Cancer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303517. [PMID: 37475514 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer and its metastasis/recurrence still threaten human health, despite various advanced treatments being employed. It is of great significance to develop simple drug formulations to enhance the efficacy and synergistic integration of various monotherapies. Herein, DMXAA, a vasodestructive agent with cGAS-STING stimulation capacity, is integrated with polyethylene glycol grafted poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid co-polymer (PLGA-PEG), obtaining PLGA-PEG/DMXAA (PPD) nanoparticles to induce the tumor-specific vascular destruction for multiple synergistic therapies of cancer. PPD could induce the formation of blood clots in the tumor after intravenous injection, which subsequently mediate photothermal therapy and further promote the release of oxygen for enhanced radiotherapy. Meanwhile, the enhanced vascular injury can induce perfect starvation therapy of tumor. More importantly, PPD-mediated therapies could trigger potent systemic anti-tumor immunity via inducing the immunogenic death of tumor cells and activating the cGAS-STING pathway. Together with anti-PD-L1, PPD-mediated therapies could not only remove the primary tumors, but also effectively eliminate the distant tumors, metastasis, and recurrence. Therefore, the modulation of tumor composition induced by a single drug-loaded nano-micelle could be utilized to enhance the therapeutic effect of multiple treatments for synergistic and systemic antitumor response, providing a practical strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Xinpei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Zhongfang Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Mengling Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Minqian Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Li Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Teng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xuan Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
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Zhu L, Li W, Liu C, Yue S, Qiao Y, Cui Y, Cheng J, Zhang M, Zhang P, Zhang B, Hou Y. Glutathione-sensitive mesoporous nanoparticles loaded with cinnamaldehyde for chemodynamic and immunological therapy of cancer. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8717-8731. [PMID: 37646819 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01094e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy as a novel type of chemotherapy can damage the DNA structures and induce cell apoptosis and immunogenic cell death (ICD) through generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to aggravate oxidative stress. Nonetheless, as an intrinsic antioxidative response of tumor cells, the expression of glutathione (GSH) can be upregulated to maintain the cellular redox balance and protect the tumor cells from ROS-mediated damage. In this context, it is feasible to simultaneously boost ROS generation and GSH depletion in tumor cells; however, the precise delivery and release of GSH scavengers at specific subcellular sites is of great importance. Herein, we propose a GSH-responsive mesoporous organosilica nanoparticle (MON)-based nanomedicine MON-CA-TPP@HA through sequentially covalently attaching triphenylphosphine (TPP) and electrostatically coating hyaluronic acid (HA) onto the surface of cinnamaldehyde (CA)-loaded MONs, known as MON-CA-TPP@HA, which has been demonstrated to be an extremely effective therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment through inducing ICD and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Systematic in vitro experimental results clearly revealed that the nanomedicine can actively target the tumor cells with the help of HA, subsequently enter the tumor cells, and precisely bind with the mitochondria through TPP residues. Upon cleavaging the disulfide bond in the MONs triggered by over-expressed GSH within tumors, the CA molecules can be released inducing the excessive ROS in situ surrounding the mitochondria to activate oxidative stress to induce apoptosis and ICD of breast cancer cells. The results of the in vivo experiments confirm that the MON-CA-TPP@HA nanomedicine can effectively promote dendritic cell (DC) maturation and CD 8+ T cell activation and regulate the ratio of M1/M2 macrophages, which improve tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. It is thus believed that the current nanomedicine has paved a new way for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichong Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Wenyue Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Chuang Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Saisai Yue
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Qiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yingying Cui
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Junwei Cheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Peisen Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Beibei Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Yi Hou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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37
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Liang S, Yao J, Liu D, Rao L, Chen X, Wang Z. Harnessing Nanomaterials for Cancer Sonodynamic Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211130. [PMID: 36881527 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has made remarkable strides in cancer therapy over the past decade. However, such emerging therapy still suffers from the low response rates and immune-related adverse events. Various strategies have been developed to overcome these serious challenges. Therein, sonodynamic therapy (SDT), as a non-invasive treatment, has received ever-increasing attention especially in the treatment of deep-seated tumors. Significantly, SDT can effectively induce immunogenic cell death to trigger systemic anti-tumor immune response, termed sonodynamic immunotherapy. The rapid development of nanotechnology has revolutionized SDT effects with robust immune response induction. As a result, more and more innovative nanosonosensitizers and synergistic treatment modalities are established with superior efficacy and safe profile. In this review, the recent advances in cancer sonodynamic immunotherapy are summarized with a particular emphasis on how nanotechnology can be explored to harness SDT for amplifying anti-tumor immune response. Moreover, the current challenges in this field and the prospects for its clinical translation are also presented. It is anticipated that this review can provide rational guidance and facilitate the development of nanomaterials-assisted sonodynamic immunotherapy, helping to pave the way for next-generation cancer therapy and eventually achieve a durable response in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jianjun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lang Rao
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
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Wang D, Yu Z, Qi Y, Hu K, Zhou T, Liu J, Rao W. Liquid Metal Nanoplatform Based Autologous Cancer Vaccines. ACS NANO 2023; 17:13278-13295. [PMID: 37253081 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic cancer vaccines have been vigorously sought to bolster host adaptive immunity against metastatic cancers, but tumor heterogeneity, ineffective antigen utilization, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment hinder their clinical applications. Autologous antigen adsorbability and stimulus-release carrier coupling with immunoadjuvant capacity are urgent for personalized cancer vaccines. Here, we propose a perspective strategy of using a multipotent gallium-based liquid metal (LM) nanoplatform for personalized in situ cancer vaccines (ISCVs). The antigen-capturing and immunostimulatory LM nanoplatform can not only effectively destroy orthotopic tumors to generate multifarious autologous antigens upon external energy stimulation (photothermal/photodynamic effect) but also capture and transport antigens into dendritic cells (DCs) to enhance antigen utilization (adequate DCs uptake, antigen-endo/lysosomal escape) and facilitate DCs activation (mimic alum immunoadjuvant capacity), which ultimately awaken systemic antitumor immunity (expand cytotoxic T lymphocytes and modulate tumor microenvironment). With immune checkpoint blockade (anti-PD-L1) to further relieve the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, the positive tumoricidal immunity feedback loop was established to effectively eliminate orthotopic tumors, inhibit abscopal tumor growth, relapse, and metastasis as well as tumor-specific prevention. Collectively, this study demonstrates the potential of a multipotent LM nanoplatform for personalized ISCVs, which will open frontier exploration of LM-based immunostimulatory biomaterials and may encourage further investigation of precise individualized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- Liquid Metal and Cryogenic Biomedical Research Center, Beijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongyang Yu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Oncology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Yuxia Qi
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Oncology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Kaiwen Hu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Oncology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Oncology Department, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Liquid Metal and Cryogenic Biomedical Research Center, Beijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Rao
- Liquid Metal and Cryogenic Biomedical Research Center, Beijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Sprooten J, Laureano RS, Vanmeerbeek I, Govaerts J, Naulaerts S, Borras DM, Kinget L, Fucíková J, Špíšek R, Jelínková LP, Kepp O, Kroemer G, Krysko DV, Coosemans A, Vaes RD, De Ruysscher D, De Vleeschouwer S, Wauters E, Smits E, Tejpar S, Beuselinck B, Hatse S, Wildiers H, Clement PM, Vandenabeele P, Zitvogel L, Garg AD. Trial watch: chemotherapy-induced immunogenic cell death in oncology. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2219591. [PMID: 37284695 PMCID: PMC10240992 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2219591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) refers to an immunologically distinct process of regulated cell death that activates, rather than suppresses, innate and adaptive immune responses. Such responses culminate into T cell-driven immunity against antigens derived from dying cancer cells. The potency of ICD is dependent on the immunogenicity of dying cells as defined by the antigenicity of these cells and their ability to expose immunostimulatory molecules like damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and cytokines like type I interferons (IFNs). Moreover, it is crucial that the host's immune system can adequately detect the antigenicity and adjuvanticity of these dying cells. Over the years, several well-known chemotherapies have been validated as potent ICD inducers, including (but not limited to) anthracyclines, paclitaxels, and oxaliplatin. Such ICD-inducing chemotherapeutic drugs can serve as important combinatorial partners for anti-cancer immunotherapies against highly immuno-resistant tumors. In this Trial Watch, we describe current trends in the preclinical and clinical integration of ICD-inducing chemotherapy in the existing immuno-oncological paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Sprooten
- Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI) Lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raquel S. Laureano
- Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI) Lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isaure Vanmeerbeek
- Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI) Lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jannes Govaerts
- Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI) Lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Naulaerts
- Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI) Lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel M. Borras
- Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI) Lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisa Kinget
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jitka Fucíková
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Špíšek
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Palová Jelínková
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée Par la Liguecontre le Cancer, Université de Paris, sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée Par la Liguecontre le Cancer, Université de Paris, sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Dmitri V. Krysko
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy (CDIT) Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Insitute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - An Coosemans
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rianne D.W. Vaes
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk De Ruysscher
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Steven De Vleeschouwer
- Department Neurosurgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department Neuroscience, Laboratory for Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Els Wauters
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (Breathe), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Smits
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sabine Tejpar
- Molecular Digestive Oncology, Department of Oncology, Katholiek Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Cell Death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-Ugent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benoit Beuselinck
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Hatse
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul M. Clement
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Cell Death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-Ugent Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy of Cancer, European Academy of Tumor Immunology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Inserm, Villejuif, France
| | - Abhishek D. Garg
- Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI) Lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Huang Z, Zhang X, Luo Y, Wang Y, Zhou S. KCl Nanoparticles as Potential Inducer of Immunogenic Cell Death for Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 37192493 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a promising cancer immunotherapy by inducing antigen-presenting cell maturation. Many inorganic nanomodulators have been developed for cancer therapy via ion overload, and their ICD-inducing properties have also been explored for immunotherapy. Here, we report a potassium chloride nanoparticle (PCNP)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle coated with cancer cell membrane (PC@P-CCM) for cancer therapy. Through cancer cell membrane (CCM)-achieved surface functionalization, the homotypic targeting behaviors of PC@P-CCM are dramatically enhanced. Once internalized by cancer cells, the PC@P-CCM could be degraded in acidic lysosomes, thus releasing K+ and Cl- ions. These ions can change the osmotic pressure of cancer cells, causing a hypertonic state in the cancer cells in a short time and leading to the rupture and death of cancer cells. Furthermore, these ions can stimulate cancer cells to secrete adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1); meanwhile, calreticulin (CRT) showed increased presentation on the surface of cancer cells, which can further induce dendritic cell maturation and promote the immunotherapy. This work provides a new perspective on KCl nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Yang Luo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Shaobing Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
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41
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Yang M, Zhang C, Wang R, Wu X, Li H, Yoon J. Cancer Immunotherapy Elicited by Immunogenic Cell Death Based on Smart Nanomaterials. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201381. [PMID: 36609838 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has been a revolutionary cancer treatment modality because it can not only eliminate primary tumors but also prevent metastases and recurrent tumors. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) induced by various treatment modalities, including chemotherapy, phototherapy, and radiotherapy, converts dead cancer cells into therapeutic vaccines, eliciting a systemic antigen-specific antitumor. However, the outcome effect of cancer immunotherapy induced by ICD has been limited due to the low accumulation efficiency of ICD inducers in the tumor site and concomitant damage to normal tissues. The boom in smart nanomaterials is conducive to overcoming these hurdles owing to their virtues of good stability, targeted lesion site, high bioavailability, on-demand release, and good biocompatibility. Herein, the design of targeted nanomaterials, various ICD inducers, and the applications of nanomaterials responsive to different stimuli, including pH, enzymes, reactive oxygen species, or dual responses are summarized. Furthermore, the prospect and challenges are briefly outlined to provide reference and inspiration for designing novel smart nanomaterials for immunotherapy induced by ICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Haidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
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42
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Lu Y, Sun W, Du J, Fan J, Peng X. Immuno-photodynamic Therapy (IPDT): Organic Photosensitizers and Their Application in Cancer Ablation. JACS AU 2023; 3:682-699. [PMID: 37006765 PMCID: PMC10052235 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitizer-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been considered as a promising modality for fighting diverse types of cancers. PDT directly inhibits local tumors by a minimally invasive strategy, but it seems to be incapable of achieving complete eradication and fails to prevent metastasis and recurrence. Recently, increasing events proved that PDT was associated with immunotherapy by triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD). Upon a specific wavelength of light irradiation, the photosensitizers will turn the surrounding oxygen molecules into cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) for killing the cancer cells. Simultaneously, the dying tumor cells release tumor-associated antigens, which could improve immunogenicity to activate immune cells. However, the progressively enhanced immunity is typically limited by the intrinsic immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). To overcome this obstacle, immuno-photodynamic therapy (IPDT) has come to be one of the most beneficial strategies, which takes advantage of PDT to stimulate the immune response and unite immunotherapy for inducing immune-OFF tumors to immune-ON ones, to achieve systemic immune response and prevent cancer recurrence. In this Perspective, we provide a review of recent advances in organic photosensitizer-based IPDT. The general process of immune responses triggered by photosensitizers (PSs) and how to enhance the antitumor immune pathway by modifying the chemical structure or conjugating with a targeting component was discussed. In addition, future perspectives and challenges associated with IPDT strategies are also discussed. We hope this Perspective could inspire more innovative ideas and provide executable strategies for future developments in the war against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart
Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
| | - Wen Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart
Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and
Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Du
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart
Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and
Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart
Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and
Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart
Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and
Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
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Pang L, Tang X, Yao L, Zhou L, Hu S, Zhao S, Zhang L. Smart down/upconversion nanomachines integrated with "AND" logic computation and enzyme-free amplification for NIR-II fluorescence-assisted precise and enhanced photodynamic therapy. Chem Sci 2023; 14:3070-3075. [PMID: 36937597 PMCID: PMC10016622 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06601g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Upconversion nanoparticles enable indirect activation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using near-infrared (NIR) light, providing an excellent alternative for treating deep tumors. However, conventional NIR light-triggered PDT systems suffered from low spatiotemporal accuracy and restricted therapeutic efficiency in vivo. In this work, DNA logic circuits were functionally modified on down/upconversion nanoparticles (D/UCNPs) to construct smart down/upconversion nanomachines (D/UCNMs) for NIR light-triggered PDT toward target tumors. Upon dual inputs of tumor-associated GSH and TK1 mRNA, DNA logic circuits perform "AND" logic computation and initiate the toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction. Meanwhile, the quenched upconversion fluorescence was recovered and then the approaching photosensitizers were activated, leading to in situ output of singlet oxygen (1O2) for precise and enhanced PDT. Importantly, the biodistribution of the D/UCNMs in vivo could be visualized by second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging via the downconversion luminance of D/UCNPs, which further contributed to performing precise PDT. This work provides new insights into the development of precise and highly efficient PDT systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Pang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Xiaolan Tang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Lijia Yao
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Liuyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Shengqiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
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Zhang L, Lu H, Tang Y, Lu X, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang C. Calcium-peroxide-mediated cascades of oxygen production and glutathione consumption induced efficient photodynamic and photothermal synergistic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:2937-2945. [PMID: 36912360 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02776c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are potent approaches to cancer treatment. However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) characterized by severe hypoxia and abundant glutathione (GSH) significantly reduces the effectiveness of PDT. In this study, we developed an oxidative stress amplifier CaO2/ICG@ZIF-8, which was capable of self-sufficient O2 delivery and GSH depletion to enhance PDT and PTT synergistic therapy. We utilized ZIF-8 as nanocarriers that when loaded with CaO2 and indocyanine green (ICG) form CaO2/ICG@ZIF-8 nanoparticles, which exhibit a uniform particle size distribution and a hydrated particle size of about 215 nm. CaO2 reacts with water under acidic conditions to produce O2 so CaO2/ICG@ZIF-8 has an excellent O2 supply capacity, which is essential for PDT. Moreover, CaO2/ICG@ZIF-8 also reacts with GSH to form glutathione disulfides (GSSH), enhancing the therapeutic outcome of PDT by preventing the consumption of local ractive oxygen species. Beyond that, CaO2/ICG@ZIF-8 can produce strong hyperthermia with a photothermal conversion efficiency of about 44%, which is exceedingly appropriate for PTT. Owing to its augmentation, PTT/PDT mediated by CaO2/ICG@ZIF-8 demonstrates intense tumor inhibitory effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Notably, the Zn and Ca generated by CaO2/ICG@ZIF-8 degradation are essential elements for the body, so CaO2/ICG@ZIF-8 shows favorable safety. Altogether, the research provides a promising PDT/PTT synergistic therapeutic strategy for cancer and may show more medical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfang Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 South Daxuecheng Road, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 South Daxuecheng Road, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 South Daxuecheng Road, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 South Daxuecheng Road, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Zhendong Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 South Daxuecheng Road, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 South Daxuecheng Road, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital & Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, 451464, P. R. China.
| | - Chenhui Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 55 South Daxuecheng Road, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
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Lu ZG, Shen J, Yang J, Wang JW, Zhao RC, Zhang TL, Guo J, Zhang X. Nucleic acid drug vectors for diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:39. [PMID: 36650130 PMCID: PMC9844208 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid drugs have the advantages of rich target selection, simple in design, good and enduring effect. They have been demonstrated to have irreplaceable superiority in brain disease treatment, while vectors are a decisive factor in therapeutic efficacy. Strict physiological barriers, such as degradation and clearance in circulation, blood-brain barrier, cellular uptake, endosome/lysosome barriers, release, obstruct the delivery of nucleic acid drugs to the brain by the vectors. Nucleic acid drugs against a single target are inefficient in treating brain diseases of complex pathogenesis. Differences between individual patients lead to severe uncertainties in brain disease treatment with nucleic acid drugs. In this Review, we briefly summarize the classification of nucleic acid drugs. Next, we discuss physiological barriers during drug delivery and universal coping strategies and introduce the application methods of these universal strategies to nucleic acid drug vectors. Subsequently, we explore nucleic acid drug-based multidrug regimens for the combination treatment of brain diseases and the construction of the corresponding vectors. In the following, we address the feasibility of patient stratification and personalized therapy through diagnostic information from medical imaging and the manner of introducing contrast agents into vectors. Finally, we take a perspective on the future feasibility and remaining challenges of vector-based integrated diagnosis and gene therapy for brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China.
| | - Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China.
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A macrophage membrane-coated mesoporous silica nanoplatform inhibiting adenosine A2AR via in situ oxygen supply for immunotherapy. J Control Release 2023; 353:535-548. [PMID: 36481693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has achieved remarkable research outcomes and shows the potential to cure cancer. However, its therapeutic response is limited in terms of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment induced by hypoxia, in which the adenosinergic A2A receptor (A2AR) pathway is mainly participated. Here, we developed a novel core/shell structured nanoplatform composed of macrophage membrane-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles which loaded catalase, doxorubicin (Dox), and resiquimod (R848), to promote the efficacy of immunotherapy. The nanoplatform is able to actively target the tumor site via ligand binding, and the A2AR of T regulatory (Treg) cells can further be blocked due to in situ oxygen production by hydrogen peroxide catalysis. Meanwhile, Dox and R848 released from the nanoplatform can induce immunogenic cell death and enhance the activation of dendritic cells (DCs), respectively. Thus, the improved microenvironment by A2AR blockade and the stimulation of the DCs to enhance the CD8+ T cells mediated immune response were achieved. Consequently, the expression of Treg cells decreased to 9.79% in tumor tissue and the inhibition rate of tumor growth reached 73.58%. Therefore, this nanoplatform provides a potential strategy for clinical application in cancer immunotherapy.
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Kong C, Chen X. Combined Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy and Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment: A Review. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6427-6446. [PMID: 36540374 PMCID: PMC9760263 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s388996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoactivation therapy based on photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) has been identified as a tumour ablation modality for numerous cancer indications, with photosensitisers and photothermal conversion agents playing important roles in the phototherapy process, especially in recent decades. In addition, the iteration of nanotechnology has strongly promoted the development of phototherapy in tumour treatment. PDT can increase the sensitivity of tumour cells to PTT by interfering with the tumour microenvironment, whereas the heat generated by PTT can increase blood flow, improve oxygen supply and enhance the PDT therapeutic effect. In addition, tumour cell debris generated by phototherapy can serve as tumour-associated antigens, evoking antitumor immune responses. In this review, the research progress of phototherapy, and its research effects in combination with immunotherapy on the treatment of tumours are mainly outlined, and issues that may need continued attention in the future are raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunqing Kong
- Department of medical imaging center, central hospital affiliated to Shandong first medical university, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingcai Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Xingcai Chen, Email
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48
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Chen W, Wu Y, Deng J, Yang Z, Chen J, Tan Q, Guo M, Jin Y. Phospholipid-Membrane-Based Nanovesicles Acting as Vaccines for Tumor Immunotherapy: Classification, Mechanisms and Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112446. [PMID: 36432636 PMCID: PMC9698496 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane vesicles, a group of nano- or microsized vesicles, can be internalized or interact with the recipient cells, depending on their parental cells, size, structure and content. Membrane vesicles fuse with the target cell membrane, or they bind to the receptors on the cell surface, to transfer special effects. Based on versatile features, they can modulate the functions of immune cells and therefore influence immune responses. In the field of tumor therapeutic applications, phospholipid-membrane-based nanovesicles attract increased interest. Academic institutions and industrial companies are putting in effort to design, modify and apply membrane vesicles as potential tumor vaccines contributing to tumor immunotherapy. This review focuses on the currently most-used types of membrane vesicles (including liposomes, bacterial membrane vesicles, tumor- and dendritic-cell-derived extracellular vesicles) acting as tumor vaccines, and describes the classification, mechanism and application of these nanovesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumor-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yali Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumor-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jingjing Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumor-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zimo Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumor-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jiangbin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumor-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qi Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumor-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mengfei Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumor-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumor-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-135-5436-1146
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