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Papait A, Perini G, Palmieri V, Cargnoni A, Vertua E, Pasotti A, Rosa E, De Spirito M, Silini AR, Papi M, Parolini O. Defining the immunological compatibility of graphene oxide-loaded PLGA scaffolds for biomedical applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 165:214024. [PMID: 39232353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.214024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO), a carbon-based nanomaterial, presents significant potential across biomedical fields such as bioimaging, drug delivery, biosensors, and phototherapy. This study examines the effects of integrating GO into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds on human immune cell function. Our results demonstrate that high concentrations of GO reduce the viability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) following stimulation with anti-CD3 antibody. This reduction extends to T lymphocyte activation, evident from the diminished proliferative response to T cell receptor engagement and impaired differentiation into T helper subsets and regulatory T cells. Interestingly, although GO induces a minimal response in resting monocytes, but it significantly affects both the viability and the differentiation potential of monocytes induced to mature toward M1 pro-inflammatory and M2-like immunoregulatory macrophages. This study seeks to address a critical gap by investigating the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of PLGA scaffolds incorporating various concentrations of GO on primary immune cells, specifically PBMCs isolated from healthy donors. Our findings emphasize the need to optimize the GO to PLGA ratios and scaffold design to advance PLGA-GO-based biomedical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Graphene oxide (GO) holds immense promise for biomedical applications due to its unique properties. However, concerns regarding its potential to trigger adverse immune responses remain. This study addresses this critical gap by investigating the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of PLGA scaffolds incorporating increasing GO concentrations on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). By elucidating the impact on cell viability, T cell proliferation and differentiation, and the maturation/polarization of antigen-presenting cells, this work offers valuable insights for designing safe and immunologically compatible GO-based biomaterials for future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Papait
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giordano Perini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Palmieri
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, CNR, via dei Taurini 19, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Centro di Ricerche Eugenia Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Elsa Vertua
- Centro di Ricerche Eugenia Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Anna Pasotti
- Centro di Ricerche Eugenia Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Rosa
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Centro di Ricerche Eugenia Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Papi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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2
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Malatesta M. Histochemistry for Molecular Imaging in Nanomedicine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8041. [PMID: 39125610 PMCID: PMC11311594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
All the nanotechnological devices designed for medical purposes have to deal with the common requirement of facing the complexity of a living organism. Therefore, the development of these nanoconstructs must involve the study of their structural and functional interactions and the effects on cells, tissues, and organs, to ensure both effectiveness and safety. To this aim, imaging techniques proved to be extremely valuable not only to visualize the nanoparticles in the biological environment but also to detect the morphological and molecular modifications they have induced. In particular, histochemistry is a long-established science able to provide molecular information on cell and tissue components in situ, bringing together the potential of biomolecular analysis and imaging. The present review article aims at offering an overview of the various histochemical techniques used to explore the impact of novel nanoproducts as therapeutic, reconstructive and diagnostic tools on biological systems. It is evident that histochemistry has been playing a leading role in nanomedical research, being largely applied to single cells, tissue slices and even living animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malatesta
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, I-37134 Verona, Italy
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3
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Ayreen Z, Khatoon U, Kirti A, Sinha A, Gupta A, Lenka SS, Yadav A, Mohanty R, Naser SS, Mishra R, Chouhan RS, Samal SK, Kaushik NK, Singh D, Suar M, Verma SK. Perilous paradigm of graphene oxide and its derivatives in biomedical applications: Insight to immunocompatibility. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116842. [PMID: 38810404 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
With advancements in nanotechnology and innovative materials, Graphene Oxide nanoparticles (GONP) have attracted lots of attention among the diverse types of nanomaterials owing to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics. However, the usage at scientific and industrial level has also raised concern to their toxicological interaction with biological system. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing guidelines and recommendations for applications of GONP in various sectors, like biomedicine and environmental technologies. This review offers crucial insights and an in-depth analysis to the biological processes associated with GONP immunotoxicity with multiple cell lines including human whole blood cultures, dendritic cells, macrophages, and multiple cancer cell lines. The complicated interactions between graphene oxide nanoparticles and the immune system, are highlighted in this work, which reveals a range of immunotoxic consequences like inflammation, immunosuppression, immunostimulation, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, and cellular malfunction. Moreover, the immunotoxic effects are also highlighted with respect to in vivo models like mice and zebrafish, insighting GO Nanoparticles' cytotoxicity. The study provides invaluable review for researchers, policymakers, and industrialist to understand and exploit the beneficial applications of GONP with a controlled measure to human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zobia Ayreen
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Uzma Khatoon
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Apoorv Kirti
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Adrija Sinha
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Abha Gupta
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Sudakshya S Lenka
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Anu Yadav
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Rupali Mohanty
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Shaikh Sheeran Naser
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Richa Mishra
- Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760, India
| | - Raghuraj Singh Chouhan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | | | - Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Deobrat Singh
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala SE-751 20, Sweden.
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.
| | - Suresh K Verma
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.
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4
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Di Mauro G, González VJ, Bambini F, Camarda S, Prado E, Holgado JP, Vázquez E, Ballerini L, Cellot G. MoS 2 2D materials induce spinal cord neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity affecting locomotor performance in zebrafish. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:785-798. [PMID: 38466179 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00041b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
MoS2 nanosheets belong to an emerging family of nanomaterials named bidimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs). The use of such promising materials, featuring outstanding chemical and physical properties, is expected to increase in several fields of science and technology, with an enhanced risk of environmental dispersion and associated wildlife and human exposures. In this framework, the assessment of MoS2 nanosheets toxicity is instrumental to safe industrial developments. Currently, the impact of the nanomaterial on the nervous tissue is unexplored. In this work, we use as in vivo experimental model the early-stage zebrafish, to investigate whether mechano-chemically exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets reach and affect, when added in the behavioral ambient, the nervous system. By high throughput screening of zebrafish larvae locomotor behavioral changes upon exposure to MoS2 nanosheets and whole organism live imaging of spinal neuronal and glial cell calcium activity, we report that sub-acute and prolonged ambient exposures to MoS2 nanosheets elicit locomotor abnormalities, dependent on dose and observation time. While 25 μg mL-1 concentration treatments exerted transient effects, 50 μg mL-1 ones induced long-lasting changes, correlated to neuroinflammation-driven alterations in the spinal cord, such as astrogliosis, glial intracellular calcium dysregulation, neuronal hyperactivity and motor axons retraction. By combining integrated technological approaches to zebrafish, we described that MoS2 2D nanomaterials can reach, upon water (i.e. ambient) exposure, the nervous system of larvae, resulting in a direct neurological damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Mauro
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, Neuroscience area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Viviana Jehová González
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), UCLM, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Francesco Bambini
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, Neuroscience area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Silvia Camarda
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, Neuroscience area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Eduardo Prado
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Castilla La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Juan Pedro Holgado
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC, Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), UCLM, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, UCLM, Avda. Camilo José Cela S/N, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, Neuroscience area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giada Cellot
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, Neuroscience area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy.
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5
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Lopes V, Moreira G, Bramini M, Capasso A. The potential of graphene coatings as neural interfaces. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:384-406. [PMID: 38231692 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00461a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology design and fabrication have shaped the landscape for the development of ideal cell interfaces based on biomaterials. A holistic evaluation of the requirements for a cell interface is a highly complex task. Biocompatibility is a crucial requirement which is affected by the interface's properties, including elemental composition, morphology, and surface chemistry. This review explores the current state-of-the-art on graphene coatings produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and applied as neural interfaces, detailing the key properties required to design an interface capable of physiologically interacting with neural cells. The interfaces are classified into substrates and scaffolds to differentiate the planar and three-dimensional environments where the cells can adhere and proliferate. The role of specific features such as mechanical properties, porosity and wettability are investigated. We further report on the specific brain-interface applications where CVD graphene paved the way to revolutionary advances in biomedicine. Future studies on the long-term effects of graphene-based materials in vivo will unlock even more potentially disruptive neuro-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Lopes
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Gabriel Moreira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Mattia Bramini
- Department of Cell Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Andrea Capasso
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
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6
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Deleye L, Franchi F, Trevisani M, Loiacono F, Vercellino S, Debellis D, Liessi N, Armirotti A, Vázquez E, Valente P, Castagnola V, Benfenati F. Few-layered graphene increases the response of nociceptive neurons to irritant stimuli. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2419-2431. [PMID: 38226500 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03790h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The unique properties of few-layered graphene (FLG) make it interesting for a variety of applications, including biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering and drug delivery. Although different studies focus on applications in the central nervous system, its interaction with the peripheral nervous system has been so far overlooked. Here, we investigated the effects of exposure to colloidal dispersions of FLG on the sensory neurons of the rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG). We found that the FLG flakes were actively internalized by sensory neurons, accumulated in large intracellular vesicles, and possibly degraded over time, without major toxicological concerns, as neuronal viability, morphology, protein content, and basic electrical properties of DRG neurons were preserved. Interestingly, in our electrophysiological investigation under noxious stimuli, we observed an increased functional response upon FLG treatment of the nociceptive subpopulation of DRG neurons in response to irritants specific for chemoreceptors TRPV1 and TRPA1. The observed effects of FLG on DRG neurons may open-up novel opportunities for applications of these materials in specific disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieselot Deleye
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
| | - Francesca Franchi
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Trevisani
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology, University of Genova, Genoa, 16132, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Loiacono
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Vercellino
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Doriana Debellis
- Electron Microscopy Facility, IIT, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nara Liessi
- Analytical Chemistry Facility, IIT, via Morego, 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Analytical Chemistry Facility, IIT, via Morego, 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Castilla La-Mancha, Ciudad Real, 13071 Spain
| | - Pierluigi Valente
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Physiology, University of Genova, Genoa, 16132, Italy.
| | - Valentina Castagnola
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
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7
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Convertino D, Nencioni M, Russo L, Mishra N, Hiltunen VM, Bertilacchi MS, Marchetti L, Giacomelli C, Trincavelli ML, Coletti C. Interaction of graphene and WS 2 with neutrophils and mesenchymal stem cells: implications for peripheral nerve regeneration. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:1792-1806. [PMID: 38175567 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04927b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Graphene and bidimensional (2D) materials have been widely used in nerve conduits to boost peripheral nerve regeneration. Nevertheless, the experimental and commercial variability in graphene-based materials generates graphene forms with different structures and properties that can trigger entirely diverse biological responses from all the players involved in nerve repair. Herein, we focus on the graphene and tungsten disulfide (WS2) interaction with non-neuronal cell types involved in nerve tissue regeneration. We synthesize highly crystalline graphene and WS2 with scalable techniques such as thermal decomposition and chemical vapor deposition. The materials were able to trigger the activation of a neutrophil human model promoting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) production, particularly under basal conditions, although neutrophils were not able to degrade graphene. Of note is that pristine graphene acts as a repellent for the NET adhesion, a beneficial property for nerve conduit long-term applications. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed as a promising strategy for nerve regeneration in combination with a conduit. Thus, the interaction of graphene with MSCs was also investigated, and reduced viability was observed only on specific graphene substrates. Overall, the results confirm the possibility of regulating the cell response by varying graphene properties and selecting the most suitable graphene forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Convertino
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @ NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Martina Nencioni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lara Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Neeraj Mishra
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @ NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy.
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, Italy
| | - Vesa-Matti Hiltunen
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @ NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy.
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Laura Marchetti
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @ NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Chiara Giacomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Camilla Coletti
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @ NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, Pisa, Italy.
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, Italy
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8
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Convertino D, Trincavelli ML, Giacomelli C, Marchetti L, Coletti C. Graphene-based nanomaterials for peripheral nerve regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1306184. [PMID: 38164403 PMCID: PMC10757979 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1306184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging nanotechnologies offer numerous opportunities in the field of regenerative medicine and have been widely explored to design novel scaffolds for the regeneration and stimulation of nerve tissue. In this review, we focus on peripheral nerve regeneration. First, we introduce the biomedical problem and the present status of nerve conduits that can be used to guide, fasten and enhance regeneration. Then, we thoroughly discuss graphene as an emerging candidate in nerve tissue engineering, in light of its chemical, tribological and electrical properties. We introduce the graphene forms commonly used as neural interfaces, briefly review their applications, and discuss their potential toxicity. We then focus on the adoption of graphene in peripheral nervous system applications, a research field that has gained in the last years ever-increasing attention. We discuss the potential integration of graphene in guidance conduits, and critically review graphene interaction not only with peripheral neurons, but also with non-neural cells involved in nerve regeneration; indeed, the latter have recently emerged as central players in modulating the immune and inflammatory response and accelerating the growth of new tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Convertino
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Marchetti
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Camilla Coletti
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
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9
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Tortella L, Santini I, Lozano N, Kostarelos K, Cellot G, Ballerini L. Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Hamper Glutamate Mediated Excitotoxicity and Protect Neuronal Survival In An In vitro Stroke Model. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301762. [PMID: 37706581 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Small graphene oxide (s-GO) nanosheets reversibly downregulate central nervous system (CNS) excitatory synapses, with potential developments as future therapeutic tools to treat neuro-disorders characterized by altered glutamatergic transmission. Excitotoxicity, namely cell death triggered by exceeding ambient glutamate fueling over-activation of excitatory synapses, is a pathogenic mechanism shared by several neural diseases, from ischemic stroke to neurodegenerative disorders. In this work, CNS cultures were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) to mimic ischemic stroke in vitro, and it is show that the delivery of s-GO following OGD, during the endogenous build-up of secondary damage and excitotoxicity, improved neuronal survival. In a different paradigm, excitotoxicity cell damage was reproduced through exogenous glutamate application, and s-GO co-treatment protected neuronal integrity, potentially by directly downregulating the synaptic over-activation brought about by exogenous glutamate. This proof-of-concept study suggests that s-GO may find novel applications in therapeutic developments for treating excitotoxicity-driven neural cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Tortella
- Neuroscience Area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Irene Santini
- Neuroscience Area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Neus Lozano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Nanomedicine Lab, and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Giada Cellot
- Neuroscience Area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Neuroscience Area, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
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10
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Ye T, Yang Y, Bai J, Wu FY, Zhang L, Meng LY, Lan Y. The mechanical, optical, and thermal properties of graphene influencing its pre-clinical use in treating neurological diseases. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1162493. [PMID: 37360172 PMCID: PMC10288862 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1162493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid progress in nanotechnology has advanced fundamental neuroscience and innovative treatment using combined diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The atomic scale tunability of nanomaterials, which can interact with biological systems, has attracted interest in emerging multidisciplinary fields. Graphene, a two-dimensional nanocarbon, has gained increasing attention in neuroscience due to its unique honeycomb structure and functional properties. Hydrophobic planar sheets of graphene can be effectively loaded with aromatic molecules to produce a defect-free and stable dispersion. The optical and thermal properties of graphene make it suitable for biosensing and bioimaging applications. In addition, graphene and its derivatives functionalized with tailored bioactive molecules can cross the blood-brain barrier for drug delivery, substantially improving their biological property. Therefore, graphene-based materials have promising potential for possible application in neuroscience. Herein, we aimed to summarize the important properties of graphene materials required for their application in neuroscience, the interaction between graphene-based materials and various cells in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and their potential clinical applications in recording electrodes, drug delivery, treatment, and as nerve scaffolds for neurological diseases. Finally, we offer insights into the prospects and limitations to aid graphene development in neuroscience research and nanotherapeutics that can be used clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ye
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Intergration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jin Bai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Feng-Ying Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Intergration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Long-Yue Meng
- Department of Environmental Science, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
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11
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Redigolo L, Sanfilippo V, La Mendola D, Forte G, Satriano C. Bioinspired Nanoplatforms Based on Graphene Oxide and Neurotrophin-Mimicking Peptides. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050489. [PMID: 37233550 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NTs), which are crucial for the functioning of the nervous system, are also known to regulate vascularization. Graphene-based materials may drive neural growth and differentiation, and, thus, have great potential in regenerative medicine. In this work, we scrutinized the nano-biointerface between the cell membrane and hybrids made of neurotrophin-mimicking peptides and graphene oxide (GO) assemblies (pep-GO), to exploit their potential in theranostics (i.e., therapy and imaging/diagnostics) for targeting neurodegenerative diseases (ND) as well as angiogenesis. The pep-GO systems were assembled via spontaneous physisorption onto GO nanosheets of the peptide sequences BDNF(1-12), NT3(1-13), and NGF(1-14), mimicking the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the neurotrophin 3 (NT3), and the nerve growth factor (NGF), respectively. The interaction of pep-GO nanoplatforms at the biointerface with artificial cell membranes was scrutinized both in 3D and 2D by utilizing model phospholipids self-assembled as small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) or planar-supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), respectively. The experimental studies were paralleled via molecular dynamics (MD) computational analyses. Proof-of-work in vitro cellular experiments with undifferentiated neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y), neuron-like, differentiated neuroblastoma (dSH-SY5Y), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were carried out to shed light on the capability of the pep-GO nanoplatforms to stimulate the neurite outgrowth as well as tubulogenesis and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Redigolo
- Nano Hybrid Biointerfaces Lab (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vanessa Sanfilippo
- Nano Hybrid Biointerfaces Lab (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Satriano
- Nano Hybrid Biointerfaces Lab (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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12
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Cortés-Llanos B, Rauti R, Ayuso-Sacido Á, Pérez L, Ballerini L. Impact of Magnetite Nanowires on In Vitro Hippocampal Neural Networks. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050783. [PMID: 37238653 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials design, synthesis, and characterization are ever-expanding approaches toward developing biodevices or neural interfaces to treat neurological diseases. The ability of nanomaterials features to tune neuronal networks' morphology or functionality is still under study. In this work, we unveil how interfacing mammalian brain cultured neurons and iron oxide nanowires' (NWs) orientation affect neuronal and glial densities and network activity. Iron oxide NWs were synthesized by electrodeposition, fixing the diameter to 100 nm and the length to 1 µm. Scanning electron microscopy, Raman, and contact angle measurements were performed to characterize the NWs' morphology, chemical composition, and hydrophilicity. Hippocampal cultures were seeded on NWs devices, and after 14 days, the cell morphology was studied by immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy. Live calcium imaging was performed to study neuronal activity. Using random nanowires (R-NWs), higher neuronal and glial cell densities were obtained compared with the control and vertical nanowires (V-NWs), while using V-NWs, more stellate glial cells were found. R-NWs produced a reduction in neuronal activity, while V-NWs increased the neuronal network activity, possibly due to a higher neuronal maturity and a lower number of GABAergic neurons, respectively. These results highlight the potential of NWs manipulations to design ad hoc regenerative interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Cortés-Llanos
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Rossana Rauti
- International School for Advanced Studies (ISAS-SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy
- Deparment of Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Ángel Ayuso-Sacido
- Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Experimental Science and Faculty of Medicine, University of Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Pérez
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ballerini
- International School for Advanced Studies (ISAS-SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy
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13
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Qiu K, Zou W, Fang Z, Wang Y, Bell S, Zhang X, Tian Z, Xu X, Ji B, Li D, Huang T, Diao J. 2D MoS 2 and BN Nanosheets Damage Mitochondria through Membrane Penetration. ACS NANO 2023; 17:4716-4728. [PMID: 36848459 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the progression of nanotechnology, a growing number of nanomaterials have been created and incorporated into organisms and ecosystems, which raises significant concern about potential hazards of these materials on human health, wildlife, and the environment. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are one type of nanomaterials with thicknesses ranging from that of a single atom or of several atoms and have been proposed for a variety of biomedical applications such as drug delivery and gene therapy, but the toxicity thereof on subcellular organelles remains to be studied. In this work, we studied the impact of two typical 2D nanomaterials, MoS2 and BN nanosheets, on mitochondria, which are a type of membranous subcellular organelle that provides energy to cells. While 2D nanomaterials at a low dose exhibited a negligible cell mortality rate, significant mitochondrial fragmentation and partially reduced mitochondrial functions occurred; cells initiate mitophagy in response to mitochondrial damages, which cleans damaged mitochondria to avoid damage accumulation. Moreover, the molecular dynamics simulation results revealed that both MoS2 and BN nanosheets can spontaneously penetrate the mitochondrial lipid membrane through the hydrophobic interaction. The membrane penetration induced heterogeneous lipid packing resulting in damages. Our results demonstrate that even at a low dose 2D nanomaterials can physically damage mitochondria by penetrating the membrane, which draws attention to carefully evaluating the cytotoxicity of 2D nanomaterials for the potential biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangqiang Qiu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Weiwei Zou
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, United States
| | - Zhou Fang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Sam Bell
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Zhiqi Tian
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Xiuqiong Xu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Baohua Ji
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dechang Li
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Taosheng Huang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, 1001 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Jiajie Diao
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
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14
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Di Mauro G, Amoriello R, Lozano N, Carnasciali A, Guasti D, Becucci M, Cellot G, Kostarelos K, Ballerini C, Ballerini L. Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Reduce Astrocyte Reactivity to Inflammation and Ameliorate Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. ACS NANO 2023; 17:1965-1978. [PMID: 36692902 PMCID: PMC9933621 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In neuroinflammation, astrocytes play multifaceted roles that regulate the neuronal environment. Astrocytes sense and respond to pro-inflammatory cytokines (CKs) and, by a repertoire of intracellular Ca2+ signaling, contribute to disease progression. Therapeutic approaches wish to reduce the overactivation in Ca2+ signaling in inflammatory-reactive astrocytes to restore dysregulated cellular changes. Cell-targeting therapeutics might take advantage by the use of nanomaterial-multifunctional platforms such as graphene oxide (GO). GO biomedical applications in the nervous system involve therapeutic delivery and sensing, and GO flakes were shown to enable interfacing of neuronal and glial membrane dynamics. We exploit organotypic spinal cord cultures and optical imaging to explore Ca2+ changes in astrocytes, and we report, when spinal tissue is exposed to CKs, neuroinflammatory-associated modulation of resident glia. We show the efficacy of GO to revert these dynamic changes in astrocytic reactivity to CKs, and we translate this potential in an animal model of immune-mediated neuroinflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Mauro
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), 34136Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberta Amoriello
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), 34136Trieste, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University
of Florence, 50139Florence, Italy
| | - Neus Lozano
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), 08193Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Carnasciali
- Dipartimento
di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University
of Florence, 50139Florence, Italy
| | - Daniele Guasti
- Dipartimento
di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University
of Florence, 50139Florence, Italy
| | - Maurizio Becucci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”, DICUS, University of Florence, 50139Florence, Italy
| | - Giada Cellot
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), 34136Trieste, Italy
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), 08193Barcelona, Spain
- Nanomedicine
Lab, and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The National Graphene
Institute, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Clara Ballerini
- Dipartimento
di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University
of Florence, 50139Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Ballerini
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), 34136Trieste, Italy
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15
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Detection and modulation of neurodegenerative processes using graphene-based nanomaterials: Nanoarchitectonics and applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 311:102824. [PMID: 36549182 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are caused by progressive loss of functional neurons following the aggregation and fibrillation of proteins in the central nervous system. The incidence rate continues to rise alarmingly worldwide, particularly in aged population, and the success of treatment remains limited to symptomatic relief. Graphene nanomaterials (GNs) have attracted immense interest on the account of their unique physicochemical and optoelectronic properties. The research over the past two decades has recognized their ability to interact with aggregation-prone neuronal proteins, regulate autophagy and modulate the electrophysiology of neuronal cells. Graphene can prevent the formation of higher order protein aggregates and facilitate the clearance of such deposits. In this review, after highlighting the role of protein fibrillation in neurodegeneration, we have discussed how GN-protein interactions can be exploited for preventing neurodegeneration. A comprehensive understanding of such interactions would contribute to the exploration of novel modalities for controlling neurodegenerative processes.
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16
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Cellot G, Jacquemin L, Reina G, Franceschi Biagioni A, Fontanini M, Chaloin O, Nishina Y, Bianco A, Ballerini L. Bonding of Neuropeptide Y on Graphene Oxide for Drug Delivery Applications to the Central Nervous System. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2022; 5:17640-17651. [PMID: 36583122 PMCID: PMC9791619 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.2c03409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale graphene-based materials (GBMs) enable targeting subcellular structures of the nervous system, a feature crucial for the successful engineering of alternative nanocarriers to deliver drugs and to treat neurodisorders. Among GBMs, graphene oxide (GO) nanoflakes, showing good dispersibility in water solution and being rich of functionalizable oxygen groups, are ideal core structures for carrying biological active molecules to the brain, such as the neuropeptide Y (NPY). In addition, when unconjugated, these nanomaterials have been reported to modulate neuronal function per se. Although some GBM-based nanocarriers have been tested both in vitro and in vivo, a thorough characterization of covalent binding impact on the biological properties of the carried molecule and/or of the nanomaterial is still missing. Here, a copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition strategy was employed to synthesize the GO-NPY complex. By investigating through electrophysiology the impact of these conjugates on the activity of hippocampal neurons, we show that the covalent modification of the nanomaterial, while making GO an inert platform for the vectorized delivery, enhances the duration of NPY pharmacological activity. These findings support the future use of GO for the development of smart platforms for nervous system drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Cellot
- International
School for Advanced Studies, SISSA, Via Bonomea n. 265, 34136Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucas Jacquemin
- CNRS,
Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University
of Strasbourg ISIS, 67000Strasbourg, France
| | - Giacomo Reina
- CNRS,
Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University
of Strasbourg ISIS, 67000Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Mario Fontanini
- International
School for Advanced Studies, SISSA, Via Bonomea n. 265, 34136Trieste, Italy
| | - Olivier Chaloin
- CNRS,
Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University
of Strasbourg ISIS, 67000Strasbourg, France
| | - Yuta Nishina
- Graduate
School of Natural Science and Technology and Research Core for Interdisciplinary
Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama700-8530, Japan
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS,
Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University
of Strasbourg ISIS, 67000Strasbourg, France
| | - Laura Ballerini
- International
School for Advanced Studies, SISSA, Via Bonomea n. 265, 34136Trieste, Italy
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17
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Dong M, Coleman HA, Tonta MA, Xiong Z, Li D, Thomas S, Liu M, Fallon JB, Parkington HC, Forsythe JS. Rapid electrophoretic deposition of biocompatible graphene coatings for high-performance recording neural electrodes. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15845-15858. [PMID: 36259692 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The electrical and biological interfacial properties of invasive electrodes have a significant impact on the performance and longevity of neural recordings in the brain. In this study, we demonstrated rapid electrophoretic deposition and electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) on metal-based neural electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and other characterizations confirmed the existence of a uniform and effectively reduced graphene oxide coating. Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) coated Pt/Ir neural electrodes exhibited 15.2-fold increase in charge storage capacity (CSC) and 90% decrease in impedance with only 3.8% increase in electrode diameter. Patch clamp electrophysiology and calcium imaging of primary rat hippocampus neurons cultured on ErGO demonstrated that there was no adverse impact on the functional development of neurons. Immunostaining showed a balanced growth of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and astrocytes. Acute recordings from the auditory cortex and chronic recordings (19 days) from the somatosensory cortex found ErGO coating improved the performance of neural electrodes in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and amplitude of signals. The proposed approach not only provides an in-depth evaluation of the effect of ErGO coating on neural electrodes but also widens the coating methods of commercial neural electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miheng Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Monash University, Suzhou SIP 250000, China
| | - Harold A Coleman
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mary A Tonta
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Zhiyuan Xiong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sebastian Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Minsu Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Monash University, Suzhou SIP 250000, China
- Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, Foshan 528200, China
| | - James B Fallon
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
- Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Helena C Parkington
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - John S Forsythe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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18
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Synergistic Membrane Disturbance Improves the Antibacterial Performance of Polymyxin B. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204316. [PMID: 36297894 PMCID: PMC9611124 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria pose a serious threat to public health, and polymyxin B (PMB) is clinically used as a last-line therapy for the treatment of infections caused by these pathogens. However, the appearance of PMB resistance calls for an effort to develop new approaches to improve its antibacterial performance. In this work, a new type of nanocomposite, composed of PMB molecules being chemically decorated on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, was designed, which showed potent antibacterial ability through synergistically and physically disturbing the bacterial membrane. The as-fabricated PMB@GO nanocomposites demonstrated an enhanced bacterial-killing efficiency, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value half of that of free PMB (with an MIC value as low as 0.5 μg mL-1 over Escherichia coli), and a bacterial viability less than one fourth of that of PMB (with a bacterial reduction of 60% after 3 h treatment, and 90% after 6 h incubation). Furthermore, the nanocomposite displayed moderate cytotoxicity or hemolysis effect, with cellular viabilities over 85% at concentrations up to 16 times the MIC value. Studies on antibacterial mechanism revealed that the synergy between PMB molecules and GO nanosheets greatly facilitated the vertical insertion of the nanocomposite into the lipid membrane, leading to membrane disturbance and permeabilization. Our results demonstrate a physical mechanism for improving the antibacterial performance of PMB and developing advanced antibacterial agents for better clinic uses.
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19
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Girão AF, Serrano MC, Completo A, Marques PAAP. Is Graphene Shortening the Path toward Spinal Cord Regeneration? ACS NANO 2022; 16:13430-13467. [PMID: 36000717 PMCID: PMC9776589 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Along with the development of the next generation of biomedical platforms, the inclusion of graphene-based materials (GBMs) into therapeutics for spinal cord injury (SCI) has potential to nourish topmost neuroprotective and neuroregenerative strategies for enhancing neural structural and physiological recovery. In the context of SCI, contemplated as one of the most convoluted challenges of modern medicine, this review first provides an overview of its characteristics and pathophysiological features. Then, the most relevant ongoing clinical trials targeting SCI, including pharmaceutical, robotics/neuromodulation, and scaffolding approaches, are introduced and discussed in sequence with the most important insights brought by GBMs into each particular topic. The current role of these nanomaterials on restoring the spinal cord microenvironment after injury is critically contextualized, while proposing future concepts and desirable outputs for graphene-based technologies aiming to reach clinical significance for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F. Girão
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la
Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- (A.F.G.)
| | - María Concepcion Serrano
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la
Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- (M.C.S.)
| | - António Completo
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Paula A. A. P. Marques
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- (P.A.A.P.M.)
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20
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Li Y, Hu Y, Wei H, Cao W, Qi Y, Zhou S, Zhang P, Li H, Li GL, Chai R. Two-dimensional Ti 3C 2T x MXene promotes electrophysiological maturation of neural circuits. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:398. [PMID: 36045382 PMCID: PMC9434915 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01590-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ideal neural interface or scaffold for stem cell therapy shall have good biocompatibility promoting survival, maturation and integration of neural stem cells (NSCs) in targeted brain regions. The unique electrical, hydrophilic and surface-modifiable properties of Ti3C2Tx MXene make it an attractive substrate, but little is known about how it interacts with NSCs during development and maturation. RESULTS In this study, we cultured NSCs on Ti3C2Tx MXene and examined its effects on morphological and electrophysiological properties of NSC-derived neurons. With a combination of immunostaining and patch-clamp recording, we found that Ti3C2Tx MXene promotes NSCs differentiation and neurite growth, increases voltage-gated current of Ca2+ but not Na+ or K+ in matured neurons, boosts their spiking without changing their passive membrane properties, and enhances synaptic transmission between them. CONCLUSIONS These results expand our understanding of interaction between Ti3C2Tx MXene and NSCs and provide a critical line of evidence for using Ti3C2Tx MXene in neural interface or scaffold in stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yangnan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Hao Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230069, China
| | - Yanru Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Huawei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and ENT Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Geng-Lin Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and ENT Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. .,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China. .,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100086, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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21
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Saveh Shemshaki N, Kan HM, Barajaa M, Otsuka T, Lebaschi A, Mishra N, Nair LS, Laurencin CT. Muscle degeneration in chronic massive rotator cuff tears of the shoulder: Addressing the real problem using a graphene matrix. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2208106119. [PMID: 35939692 PMCID: PMC9388153 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208106119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive rotator cuff tears (MRCTs) of the shoulder cause disability and pain among the adult population. In chronic injuries, the tendon retraction and subsequently the loss of mechanical load lead to muscle atrophy, fat accumulation, and fibrosis formation over time. The intrinsic repair mechanism of muscle and the successful repair of the torn tendon cannot reverse the muscle degeneration following MRCTs. To address these limitations, we developed an electroconductive matrix by incorporating graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) into aligned poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofibers. This study aimed to understand 1) the effects of GnP matrices on muscle regeneration and inhibition of fat formation in vitro and 2) the ability of GnP matrices to reverse muscle degenerative changes in vivo following an MRCT. The GnP matrix significantly increased myotube formation, which can be attributed to enhanced intracellular calcium ions in myoblasts. Moreover, the GnP matrix suppressed adipogenesis in adipose-derived stem cells. These results supported the clinical effects of the GnP matrix on reducing fat accumulation and muscle atrophy. The histological evaluation showed the potential of the GnP matrix to reverse muscle atrophy, fat accumulation, and fibrosis in both supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles at 24 and 32 wk after the chronic MRCTs of the rat shoulder. The pathological evaluation of internal organs confirmed the long-term biocompatibility of the GnP matrix. We found that reversing muscle degenerative changes improved the morphology and tensile properties of the tendon compared with current surgical techniques. The long-term biocompatibility and the ability of the GnP matrix to treat muscle degeneration are promising for the realization of MRCT healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoo Saveh Shemshaki
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Ho-Man Kan
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Mohammed Barajaa
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Takayoshi Otsuka
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Amir Lebaschi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Neha Mishra
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Connecticut Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Storrs, CT
| | - Lakshmi S. Nair
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Cato T. Laurencin
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
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22
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Mantecón-Oria M, Tapia O, Lafarga M, Berciano MT, Munuera JM, Villar-Rodil S, Paredes JI, Rivero MJ, Diban N, Urtiaga A. Influence of the properties of different graphene-based nanomaterials dispersed in polycaprolactone membranes on astrocytic differentiation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13408. [PMID: 35927565 PMCID: PMC9352708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Composites of polymer and graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) combine easy processing onto porous 3D membrane geometries due to the polymer and cellular differentiation stimuli due to GBNs fillers. Aiming to step forward to the clinical application of polymer/GBNs composites, this study performs a systematic and detailed comparative analysis of the influence of the properties of four different GBNs: (i) graphene oxide obtained from graphite chemically processes (GO); (ii) reduced graphene oxide (rGO); (iii) multilayered graphene produced by mechanical exfoliation method (Gmec); and (iv) low-oxidized graphene via anodic exfoliation (Ganodic); dispersed in polycaprolactone (PCL) porous membranes to induce astrocytic differentiation. PCL/GBN flat membranes were fabricated by phase inversion technique and broadly characterized in morphology and topography, chemical structure, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption, and electrical properties. Cellular assays with rat C6 glioma cells, as model for cell-specific astrocytes, were performed. Remarkably, low GBN loading (0.67 wt%) caused an important difference in the response of the C6 differentiation among PCL/GBN membranes. PCL/rGO and PCL/GO membranes presented the highest biomolecule markers for astrocyte differentiation. Our results pointed to the chemical structural defects in rGO and GO nanomaterials and the protein adsorption mechanisms as the most plausible cause conferring distinctive properties to PCL/GBN membranes for the promotion of astrocytic differentiation. Overall, our systematic comparative study provides generalizable conclusions and new evidences to discern the role of GBNs features for future research on 3D PCL/graphene composite hollow fiber membranes for in vitro neural models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marián Mantecón-Oria
- Departamento de Ingenierias Química y Biomolecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005, Santander, Spain
- Instituto Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Olga Tapia
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Lafarga
- Instituto Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - María T Berciano
- Instituto Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Jose M Munuera
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC, C/Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Silvia Villar-Rodil
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC, C/Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan I Paredes
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC, C/Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María J Rivero
- Departamento de Ingenierias Química y Biomolecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005, Santander, Spain
| | - Nazely Diban
- Departamento de Ingenierias Química y Biomolecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005, Santander, Spain.
- Instituto Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain.
| | - Ane Urtiaga
- Departamento de Ingenierias Química y Biomolecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005, Santander, Spain
- Instituto Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain
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23
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Xiao M, Li X, Pifferi S, Pastore B, Liu Y, Lazzarino M, Torre V, Yang X, Menini A, Tang M. 2D MXene interfaces preserve the basal electrophysiology of targeted neural circuits. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10992-11002. [PMID: 35861380 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01542k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neural interfaces enable the monitoring of the state of the brain and its composite cell networks, as well as stimulate them to treat nervous disorders. In addition to their highly efficient charge transduction and stability during operation, the neural electrodes should avoid altering the physiological properties of targeted neuronal tissues. Two-dimensional (2D) MXene materials integrate the advantages of metallic conductivity, high specific-surface area and surface functionality in aqueous dispersions, showing promising potential in neural interface applications. Here, we apply uncoated Ti3C2Tx MXene to interface neuronal development. The impacts of the uncoated Ti3C2Tx MXene interface on neuronal development and neuronal microcircuit activity were tested for the first time. Compared to the standard neuronal culture with a poly-L-ornithine coated coverslip, uncoated Ti3C2Tx MXene surfaces did not affect the cell morphology, density, neuron ratios, maturation or the compositions of the neuronal network. Moreover, calcium imaging, spontaneous postsynaptic currents (sPSCs) and also miniature postsynaptic currents (mPSCs) were recorded to demonstrate that Ti3C2Tx MXene interfaces preserved the basal physiology of neuronal activity. The ability to interface neuronal circuit development without altering neuronal signaling properties enables the construction of MXene-based neural prosthetic devices for neuroscience research, diagnosis, and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xiao
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
- Suzhou Fishseeds Bio-Technology, Ltd, Suzhou 215138, China
- Anhui Isotex Biotech Co., Xuancheng 242300, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
| | - Simone Pifferi
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Pastore
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | | | - Vincent Torre
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Anna Menini
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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24
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Abstract
Neurogenesis encompasses the formation and development of neurons in the mammalian brain, mainly occurring in hippocampus and the olfactory system. This process is rapid, accurate, and very sensitive to the external stressors including environment, diet, age, anxiety, stress, depression, diet, and hormones. The range of stressors is big and directly impacts the generation, maturation and migration, efficacy, and myelination of the neuronal cells. The field of regenerative medicine focuses on combating the direct or indirect effects of these stressors on the process of neurogenesis, and ensures increased general and neuronal communications and functioning. Understanding the deep secrets of brain signaling and devising ways to increase drug availability is tough, considering the complexity and intricate details of the neuronal networks and signaling in the CNS. It is imperative to understand this complexity and introduce potent and efficacious ways to combat diseases. This perspective offers an insight into how neurogenesis could be aided by nanotechnology and what plausible nanomaterials are available to culminate neurogenesis-related neurological disorders. The nanomaterials are promising as they are minute, robust, and effective and help in diagnostics and therapeutics such as drug delivery, maturation and neuroprotection, neurogenesis, imaging, and neurosurgery.
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25
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2D Ti 3C 2T xMXene couples electrical stimulation to promote proliferation and neural differentiation of neural stem cells. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:105-117. [PMID: 33348061 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical studies involving stem cells require efficient physiochemical regulations on the fate of such cells. Because of their unique planar structure, metallic conductivity, and flexible surface functionalization, MXenes show potential for modulating stem cell fate. Here, the Ti3C2TxMXenenanosheets are dispersed on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). When primary mouse neural stem cells (NSCs) are cultured on laminin-coated Ti3C2TxMXene film, they form stable adhesion, retain their proliferative ability, and show extensive spreading of terminal extensions. With respect to their functional activity, NSCs cultured on Ti3C2TxMXene films form more active and synchronous network activity than those cultured on TCPS substrates. Moreover, Ti3C2TxMXene film significantly promotes the neural differentiation and the neurons have longer neurites and greater numbers of branch points and branch tips. NSC-derived neurons grown on the Ti3C2Tx MXene film preserved normal synapse development. Finally, electrical stimulation coupled with Ti3C2TxMXene film significantly enhances the proliferation of NSCs. These results indicate that Ti3C2TxMXene is an efficient interface for the proliferation and neural differentiation of NSC and the maturation of NSC-derived neurons, which expands the potential uses of the MXene family of materials and provides new strategies for stem cell studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The 2DTi3C2TxMXenenanosheets were applied to be an interface for regulating neural stem cells (NSCs). NSCs cultured on Ti3C2TxMXene film possessed higher proliferative ability with higher and more synchronous electrical activities. Moreover, Ti3C2TxMXene film significantly promoted the neural differentiation ratio of NSCs, and the neurons derived from NSCs cultured on Ti3C2TxMXene film had longer neurites and greater numbers of branch points and branch tips.When electrical stimulation was applied to NSCs via the Ti3C2TxMXene film, it significantly enhanced the proliferation of NSCs. This work expands the potential uses of the MXene family of materials and provides new strategies for stem cell studies.
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26
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Raja IS, Molkenova A, Kang MS, Lee SH, Lee JE, Kim B, Han DW, Atabaev TS. Differential Toxicity of Graphene Family Nanomaterials Concerning Morphology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1351:23-39. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4923-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Cellot G, Franceschi Biagioni A, Ballerini L. Nanomedicine and graphene-based materials: advanced technologies for potential treatments of diseases in the developing nervous system. Pediatr Res 2022; 92:71-79. [PMID: 34480086 PMCID: PMC9411050 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01681-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The interest in graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) application in nanomedicine, in particular in neurology, steadily increased in the last decades. GBNs peculiar physical-chemical properties allow the design of innovative therapeutic tools able to manipulate biological structures with subcellular resolution. In this review, we report GBNs applications to the central nervous system (CNS) when these nanomaterials are engineered as potential therapeutics to treat brain pathologies, with a focus on those of the pediatric age. We revise the state-of-the art studies addressing the impact of GBNs in the CNS, showing that the design of GBNs with different dimensions and chemical compositions or the use of specific administration routes and doses can limit unwanted side effects, exploiting GBNs efficacy in therapeutic approaches. These features favor the development of GBNs-based multifunctional devices that may find applications in the field of precision medicine for the treatment of disorders in the developing CNS. In this framework, we address the suitability of GBNs to become successful therapeutic tools, such as drug nano-delivery vectors when being chemically decorated with pharmaceutical agents and/or other molecules to obtain a high specific targeting of the diseased area and to achieve a controlled release of active molecules. IMPACT: The translational potential of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) can be used for the design of novel therapeutic approaches to treat pathologies affecting the brain with a focus on the pediatric age. GBNs can be chemically decorated with pharmaceutical agents and molecules to obtain a highly specific targeting of the diseased site and a controlled drug release. The type of GBNs, the selected functionalization, the dose, and the way of administration are factors that should be considered to potentiate the therapeutic efficacy of GBNs, limiting possible side effects. GBNs-based multifunctional devices might find applications in the precision medicine and theranostics fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Cellot
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.
| | - Audrey Franceschi Biagioni
- grid.5970.b0000 0004 1762 9868Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.
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28
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Moschetta M, Chiacchiaretta M, Cesca F, Roy I, Athanassiou A, Benfenati F, Papadopoulou EL, Bramini M. Graphene Nanoplatelets Render Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) a Suitable Scaffold to Promote Neuronal Network Development. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:731198. [PMID: 34616276 PMCID: PMC8488094 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.731198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of composite biomaterials as innovative bio-friendly neuronal interfaces has been poorly developed so far. Smart strategies to target neuro-pathologies are currently exploiting the mixed and complementary characteristics of composite materials to better design future neural interfaces. Here we present a polymer-based scaffold that has been rendered suitable for primary neurons by embedding graphene nanoplatelets (GnP). In particular, the growth, network formation, and functionality of primary neurons on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] polymer supports functionalized with various concentrations of GnP were explored. After growing primary cortical neurons onto the supports for 14 days, all specimens were found to be biocompatible, revealing physiological growth and maturation of the neuronal network. When network functionality was investigated by whole patch-clamp measurements, pure P(3HB) led to changes in the action potential waveform and reduction in firing frequency, resulting in decreased neuronal excitability. However, the addition of GnP to the polymer matrix restored the electrophysiological parameters to physiological values. Interestingly, a low concentration of graphene was able to promote firing activity at a low level of injected current. The results indicate that the P(3HB)/GnP composites show great potential for electrical interfacing with primary neurons to eventually target central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Moschetta
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Chiacchiaretta
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Cesca
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,IRCSS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Mattia Bramini
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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29
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Di Mauro G, Rauti R, Casani R, Chimowa G, Galibert AM, Flahaut E, Cellot G, Ballerini L. Tuning the Reduction of Graphene Oxide Nanoflakes Differently Affects Neuronal Networks in the Zebrafish. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2161. [PMID: 34578477 PMCID: PMC8468975 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The increasing engineering of biomedical devices and the design of drug-delivery platforms enriched by graphene-based components demand careful investigations of the impact of graphene-related materials (GRMs) on the nervous system. In addition, the enhanced diffusion of GRM-based products and technologies that might favor the dispersion in the environment of GRMs nanoparticles urgently requires the potential neurotoxicity of these compounds to be addressed. One of the challenges in providing definite evidence supporting the harmful or safe use of GRMs is addressing the variety of this family of materials, with GRMs differing for size and chemistry. Such a diversity impairs reaching a unique and predictive picture of the effects of GRMs on the nervous system. Here, by exploiting the thermal reduction of graphene oxide nanoflakes (GO) to generate materials with different oxygen/carbon ratios, we used a high-throughput analysis of early-stage zebrafish locomotor behavior to investigate if modifications of a specific GRM chemical property influenced how these nanomaterials affect vertebrate sensory-motor neurophysiology-exposing zebrafish to GO downregulated their swimming performance. Conversely, reduced GO (rGO) treatments boosted locomotor activity. We concluded that the tuning of single GRM chemical properties is sufficient to produce differential effects on nervous system physiology, likely interfering with different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Mauro
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy; (G.D.M.); (R.R.); (R.C.)
| | - Rossana Rauti
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy; (G.D.M.); (R.R.); (R.C.)
| | - Raffaele Casani
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy; (G.D.M.); (R.R.); (R.C.)
| | - George Chimowa
- CIRIMAT, UMR CNRS 5085, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Bat. CIRIMAT, 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (G.C.); (A.M.G.); (E.F.)
| | - Anne Marie Galibert
- CIRIMAT, UMR CNRS 5085, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Bat. CIRIMAT, 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (G.C.); (A.M.G.); (E.F.)
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, UMR CNRS 5085, Université Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Bat. CIRIMAT, 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (G.C.); (A.M.G.); (E.F.)
| | - Giada Cellot
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy; (G.D.M.); (R.R.); (R.C.)
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy; (G.D.M.); (R.R.); (R.C.)
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30
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Kang Y, Liu J, Jiang Y, Yin S, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Wu J, Chen L, Shao L. Understanding the interactions between inorganic-based nanomaterials and biological membranes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113820. [PMID: 34087327 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between inorganic-based nanomaterials (NMs) and biological membranes are among the most important phenomena for developing NM-based therapeutics and resolving nanotoxicology. Herein, we introduce the structural and functional effects of inorganic-based NMs on biological membranes, mainly the plasma membrane and the endomembrane system, with an emphasis on the interface, which involves highly complex networks between NMs and biomolecules (such as membrane proteins and lipids). Significant efforts have been devoted to categorizing and analyzing the interaction mechanisms in terms of the physicochemical characteristics and biological effects of NMs, which can directly or indirectly influence the effects of NMs on membranes. Importantly, we summarize that the biological membranes act as platforms and thereby mediate NMs-immune system contacts. In this overview, the existing challenges and potential applications in the areas are addressed. A strong understanding of the discussed concepts will promote therapeutic NM designs for drug delivery systems by leveraging the NMs-membrane interactions and their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Kang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Suhan Yin
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhendong Huang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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31
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Yao X, Qian Y, Fan C. Electroactive nanomaterials in the peripheral nerve regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:6958-6972. [PMID: 34195746 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00686j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Severe peripheral nerve injuries are threatening the life quality of human beings. Current clinical treatments contain some limitations and therefore extensive research and efforts are geared towards tissue engineering approaches and development. The biophysical and biochemical characteristics of nanomaterials are highly focused on as critical elements in the design and fabrication of regenerative scaffolds. Recent studies indicate that the electrical properties and nanostructure of biomaterials can significantly affect the progress of nerve repair. More importantly, these studies also demonstrate the fact that electroactive nanomaterials have substantial implications for regulating the viability and fate of primary supporting cells in nerve regeneration. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of electroconductive and piezoelectric nanomaterials. We exemplify typical cellular responses through cell-material interfaces, and the nanomaterial-induced microenvironment rebalance in terms of several key factors, immune responses, angiogenesis and oxidative stress. This work highlights the mechanism and application of electroactive nanomaterials to the development of regenerative scaffolds for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
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32
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Rauti R, Ess A, Le Roi B, Kreinin Y, Epshtein M, Korin N, Maoz BM. Transforming a well into a chip: A modular 3D-printed microfluidic chip. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:026103. [PMID: 33948527 PMCID: PMC8084581 DOI: 10.1063/5.0039366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ-on-a-Chip platforms provide rich opportunities to observe interactions between different cell types under in vivo-like conditions, i.e., in the presence of flow. Yet, the costs and know-how required for the fabrication and implementation of these platforms restrict their accessibility. This study introduces and demonstrates a novel Insert-Chip: a microfluidic device that provides the functionality of an Organ-on-a-Chip platform, namely, the capacity to co-culture cells, expose them to flow, and observe their interactions-yet can easily be integrated into standard culture systems (e.g., well plates or multi-electrode arrays). The device is produced using stereolithograpy 3D printing and is user-friendly and reusable. Moreover, its design features overcome some of the measurement and imaging challenges characterizing standard Organ-on-a-Chip platforms. We have co-cultured endothelial and epithelial cells under flow conditions to demonstrate the functionality of the device. Overall, this novel microfluidic device is a promising platform for the investigation of biological functions, cell-cell interactions, and response to therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Rauti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Adi Ess
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Baptiste Le Roi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yevgeniy Kreinin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Mark Epshtein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Netanel Korin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ben M. Maoz
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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Musto M, Parisse P, Pachetti M, Memo C, Di Mauro G, Ballesteros B, Lozano N, Kostarelos K, Casalis L, Ballerini L. Shedding plasma membrane vesicles induced by graphene oxide nanoflakes in brain cultured astrocytes. CARBON 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2021.01.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Magne TM, de Oliveira Vieira T, Costa B, Alencar LMR, Ricci-Junior E, Hu R, Qu J, Zamora-Ledezma C, Alexis F, Santos-Oliveira R. Factors affecting the biological response of Graphene. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 203:111767. [PMID: 33878553 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has gained significant importance in different fields of medical, electronic, and environmental science. This technology is founded on the use of materials at the nanoscale scale (1-100 nanometers) for various purposes, particularly in the biomedical area, where its application is growing daily due to the need of materials with advanced properties. Over the past few years, there has been a growing use for graphene and its derivative composite materials. However, different physico-chemical properties influence its biological response; therefore, further studies to explain the interactions of these nanomaterials with biological systems are critical. This review presents the current advances in the applications of graphene in biomedicine with a focus on the physico-chemical characteristics of the graphene family and their influences on biological interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tais Monteiro Magne
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals and Nanoradiopharmacy, R. Helio de Almeida, 75, Rio de Janeiro, 21941906, Brazil
| | - Thamires de Oliveira Vieira
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals and Nanoradiopharmacy, R. Helio de Almeida, 75, Rio de Janeiro, 21941906, Brazil
| | - Bianca Costa
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals and Nanoradiopharmacy, R. Helio de Almeida, 75, Rio de Janeiro, 21941906, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Ricci-Junior
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-170, Brazil
| | - Rui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Camilo Zamora-Ledezma
- Tissue Regeneration and Repair: Orthobiology, Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Group. UCAM - Universidad Católica de Murcia, Avda. Los Jerónimos 135, Guadalupe, 30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - Frank Alexis
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, 100119, Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals and Nanoradiopharmacy, R. Helio de Almeida, 75, Rio de Janeiro, 21941906, Brazil; Zona Oeste State University, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy and Synthesis of Radiopharmaceuticals, Av Manuel caldeira de Alvarenga, 200, Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro, 2100000, Brazil.
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Hejazi M, Tong W, Ibbotson MR, Prawer S, Garrett DJ. Advances in Carbon-Based Microfiber Electrodes for Neural Interfacing. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:658703. [PMID: 33912007 PMCID: PMC8072048 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.658703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural interfacing devices using penetrating microelectrode arrays have emerged as an important tool in both neuroscience research and medical applications. These implantable microelectrode arrays enable communication between man-made devices and the nervous system by detecting and/or evoking neuronal activities. Recent years have seen rapid development of electrodes fabricated using flexible, ultrathin carbon-based microfibers. Compared to electrodes fabricated using rigid materials and larger cross-sections, these microfiber electrodes have been shown to reduce foreign body responses after implantation, with improved signal-to-noise ratio for neural recording and enhanced resolution for neural stimulation. Here, we review recent progress of carbon-based microfiber electrodes in terms of material composition and fabrication technology. The remaining challenges and future directions for development of these arrays will also be discussed. Overall, these microfiber electrodes are expected to improve the longevity and reliability of neural interfacing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hejazi
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Tong
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- National Vision Research Institute, The Australian College of Optometry, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael R. Ibbotson
- National Vision Research Institute, The Australian College of Optometry, Carlton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven Prawer
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David J. Garrett
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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36
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Franceschi Biagioni A, Cellot G, Pati E, Lozano N, Ballesteros B, Casani R, Coimbra NC, Kostarelos K, Ballerini L. Graphene oxide prevents lateral amygdala dysfunctional synaptic plasticity and reverts long lasting anxiety behavior in rats. Biomaterials 2021; 271:120749. [PMID: 33714913 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Engineered small graphene oxide (s-GO) sheets were previously shown to reversibly down-regulate glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampus of juvenile rats, disclosing an unexpected translational potential of these nanomaterials to target selective synapses in vivo. Synapses are anatomical specializations acting in the Central Nervous System (CNS) as functional interfaces among neurons. Dynamic changes in synaptic function, named synaptic plasticity, are crucial to learning and memory. More recently, pathological mechanisms involving dysfunctional synaptic plasticity were implicated in several brain diseases, from dementia to anxiety disorders. Hyper-excitability of glutamatergic neurons in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala complex (LA) is substantially involved in the storage of aversive memory induced by stressful events enabling post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here we translated in PTSD animal model the ability of s-GO, when stereotaxically administered to hamper LA glutamatergic transmission and to prevent the behavioral response featured in long-term aversive memory. We propose that s-GO, by interference with glutamatergic plasticity, impair LA-dependent memory retrieval related to PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Franceschi Biagioni
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giada Cellot
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elisa Pati
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Neus Lozano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Ballesteros
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raffaele Casani
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy & Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain; Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy.
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Fabbri R, Saracino E, Treossi E, Zamboni R, Palermo V, Benfenati V. Graphene glial-interfaces: challenges and perspectives. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4390-4407. [PMID: 33599662 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07824g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanosheets are mechanically strong but flexible, electrically conductive and bio-compatible. Thus, due to these unique properties, they are being intensively studied as materials for the next generation of neural interfaces. Most of the literature focused on optimizing the interface between these materials and neurons. However, one of the most common causes of implant failure is the adverse inflammatory reaction of glial cells. These cells are not, as previously considered, just passive and supportive cells, but play a crucial role in the physiology and pathology of the nervous system, and in the interaction with implanted electrodes. Besides providing structural support to neurons, glia are responsible for the modulation of synaptic transmission and control of central and peripheral homeostasis. Accordingly, knowledge on the interaction between glia and biomaterials is essential to develop new implant-based therapies for the treatment of neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, brain tumours, and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. This work provides an overview of the emerging literature on the interaction of graphene-based materials with glial cells, together with a complete description of the different types of glial cells and problems associated with them. We believe that this description will be important for researchers working in materials science and nanotechnology to develop new active materials to interface, measure and stimulate these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Fabbri
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (CNR-ISOF), via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
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38
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Infrared Nanospectroscopy of Individual Extracellular Microvesicles. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040887. [PMID: 33567597 PMCID: PMC7915346 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are membrane-delimited structures, involved in several inter-cellular communication processes, both physiological and pathological, since they deliver complex biological cargo. Extracellular vesicles have been identified as possible biomarkers of several pathological diseases; thus, their characterization is fundamental in order to gain a deep understanding of their function and of the related processes. Traditional approaches for the characterization of the molecular content of the vesicles require a large quantity of sample, thereby providing an average molecular profile, while their heterogeneity is typically probed by non-optical microscopies that, however, lack the chemical sensitivity to provide information of the molecular cargo. Here, we perform a study of individual microvesicles, a subclass of extracellular vesicles generated by the outward budding of the plasma membrane, released by two cultures of glial cells under different stimuli, by applying a state-of-the-art infrared nanospectroscopy technique based on the coupling of an atomic force microscope and a pulsed laser, which combines the label-free chemical sensitivity of infrared spectroscopy with the nanometric resolution of atomic force microscopy. By correlating topographic, mechanical and spectroscopic information of individual microvesicles, we identified two main populations in both families of vesicles released by the two cell cultures. Subtle differences in terms of nucleic acid content among the two families of vesicles have been found by performing a fitting procedure of the main nucleic acid vibrational peaks in the 1000–1250 cm−1 frequency range.
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Moschetta M, Lee J, Rodrigues J, Podestà A, Varvicchio O, Son J, Lee Y, Kim K, Lee G, Benfenati F, Bramini M, Capasso A. Hydrogenated Graphene Improves Neuronal Network Maturation and Excitatory Transmission. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2000177. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Moschetta
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia L.go Rosanna Benzi 10 Genova 16132 Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine University of Genova Viale Benedetto XV Genova 16132 Italy
| | - Jong‐Young Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea
| | - João Rodrigues
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory Braga 4715‐330 Portugal
| | - Alice Podestà
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia L.go Rosanna Benzi 10 Genova 16132 Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine University of Genova Viale Benedetto XV Genova 16132 Italy
| | - Omar Varvicchio
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia L.go Rosanna Benzi 10 Genova 16132 Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine University of Genova Viale Benedetto XV Genova 16132 Italy
| | - Jangyup Son
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Jeollabuk‐do 55324 Korea
| | - Yangjin Lee
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea
- Department of Physics Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Kwanpyo Kim
- Department of Physics Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Gwan‐Hyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM) Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea
- Institute of Applied Physics Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia L.go Rosanna Benzi 10 Genova 16132 Italy
- IRCSS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino L.go Rosanna Benzi 10 Genova 16132 Italy
| | - Mattia Bramini
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia L.go Rosanna Benzi 10 Genova 16132 Italy
- Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science University of Granada Granada 18071 Spain
| | - Andrea Capasso
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory Braga 4715‐330 Portugal
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40
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Schmitt C, Rasch F, Cossais F, Held-Feindt J, Lucius R, Vázquez AR, Nia AS, Lohe MR, Feng X, Mishra YK, Adelung R, Schütt F, Hattermann K. Glial cell responses on tetrapod-shaped graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide 3D scaffolds in brain in vitro and ex vivo models of indirect contact. Biomed Mater 2020; 16:015008. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aba796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Portioli C, Bussy C, Mazza M, Lozano N, Jasim DA, Prato M, Bianco A, Bentivoglio M, Kostarelos K. Intracerebral Injection of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Mitigates Microglial Activation Without Inducing Acute Neurotoxicity: A Pilot Comparison to Other Nanomaterials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2004029. [PMID: 33210448 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) are being explored for neurological applications. However, systematic in vivo studies investigating the effects of CNM nanocarriers in the brain and how brain cells respond to such nanomaterials are scarce. To address this, functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide (GO) sheets are injected in mice brain and compared with charged liposomes. The induction of acute neuroinflammatory and neurotoxic effects locally and in brain structures distant from the injection site are assessed up to 1 week postadministration. While significant neuronal cell loss and sustained microglial cell activation are observed after injection of cationic liposomes, none of the tested CNMs induces either neurodegeneration or microglial activation. Among the candidate nanocarriers tested, GO sheets appear to elicit the least deleterious neuroinflammatory profile. At molecular level, GO induces moderate activation of proinflammatory markers compared to vehicle control. At histological level, brain response to GO is lower than after vehicle control injection, suggesting some capacity for GO to reduce the impact of stereotactic injection on brain. While these findings are encouraging and valuable in the selection and design of nanomaterial-based brain delivery systems, they warrant further investigations to better understand the mechanisms underlying GO immunomodulatory properties in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Portioli
- Nanomedicine Lab, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine Lab, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mariarosa Mazza
- Nanomedicine Lab, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Neus Lozano
- Nanomedicine Lab, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Dhifaf A Jasim
- Nanomedicine Lab, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, ISIS, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Marina Bentivoglio
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
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Convertino D, Mishra N, Marchetti L, Calvello M, Viegi A, Cattaneo A, Fabbri F, Coletti C. Effect of Chemical Vapor Deposition WS 2 on Viability and Differentiation of SH-SY5Y Cells. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:592502. [PMID: 33192279 PMCID: PMC7662391 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.592502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, transition metal dichalcogenides have been attracting an increasing interest in the biomedical field, thus implying the need of a deeper understanding of their impact on cell behavior. In this study we investigate tungsten disulfide (WS2) grown via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a transparent substrate (sapphire) as a platform for neural-like cell culture. We culture SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells on WS2, using graphene, sapphire and standard culture well as controls. The quality, thickness and homogeneity of the materials is analyzed using atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The cytocompatibility of CVD WS2 is investigated for the first time by cell viability and differentiation assessment on SH-SY5Y cells. We find that cells differentiated on WS2, displaying a viability and neurite length comparable with the controls. These findings shine light on the possibility of using WS2 as a cytocompatible material for interfacing neural cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Convertino
- National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | - Neeraj Mishra
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Marchetti
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Filippo Fabbri
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
- NEST Istituto Nanoscienze—CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Camilla Coletti
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
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Girão AF, Sousa J, Domínguez-Bajo A, González-Mayorga A, Bdikin I, Pujades-Otero E, Casañ-Pastor N, Hortigüela MJ, Otero-Irurueta G, Completo A, Serrano MC, Marques PAAP. 3D Reduced Graphene Oxide Scaffolds with a Combinatorial Fibrous-Porous Architecture for Neural Tissue Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:38962-38975. [PMID: 32805917 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) assists a diverse set of promising routes to build bioactive neural microenvironments by easily interacting with other biomaterials to enhance their bulk features or, alternatively, self-assembling toward the construction of biocompatible systems with specific three-dimensional (3D) geometries. Herein, we first modulate both size and available oxygen groups in GO nanosheets to adjust the physicochemical and biological properties of polycaprolactone-gelatin electrospun nanofibrous systems. The results show that the incorporation of customized GO nanosheets modulates the properties of the nanofibers and, subsequently, markedly influences the viability of neural progenitor cell cultures. Interestingly, the partially reduced GO (rGO) nanosheets with larger dimensions trigger the best cell response, while the rGO nanosheets with smaller size provoke an accentuated decrease in the cytocompatibility of the resulting electrospun meshes. Then, the most auspicious nanofibers are synergistically accommodated onto the surface of 3D-rGO heterogeneous porous networks, giving rise to fibrous-porous combinatorial architectures suitable for enhancing adhesion and differentiation of neural cells. By varying the chemical composition of the nanofibers, it is possible to adapt their performance as physical crosslinkers for the rGO sheets, leading to the modulation of both pore size and structural/mechanical integrity of the scaffold. Importantly, the biocompatibility of the resultant fibrous-porous systems is not compromised after 14 days of cell culture, including standard differentiation patterns of neural progenitor cells. Overall, in light of these in vitro results, the reported scaffolding approach presents not only an indisputable capacity to support highly viable and interconnected neural circuits but also the potential to unlock novel strategies for neural tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F Girão
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Joana Sousa
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Ana Domínguez-Bajo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Ankor González-Mayorga
- Laboratory of Interfaces for Neural Repair, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Finca la Peraleda s/n, Toledo 45071, Spain
| | - Igor Bdikin
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Eulalia Pujades-Otero
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Barcelona (ICMAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nieves Casañ-Pastor
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Barcelona (ICMAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Jesús Hortigüela
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Gonzalo Otero-Irurueta
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - António Completo
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - María Concepción Serrano
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
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44
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Cellot G, Vranic S, Shin Y, Worsley R, Rodrigues AF, Bussy C, Casiraghi C, Kostarelos K, McDearmid JR. Graphene oxide nanosheets modulate spinal glutamatergic transmission and modify locomotor behaviour in an in vivo zebrafish model. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2020; 5:1250-1263. [PMID: 32558850 DOI: 10.1039/c9nh00777f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO), an oxidised form of graphene, is widely used for biomedical applications, due to its dispersibility in water and simple surface chemistry tunability. In particular, small (less than 500 nm in lateral dimension) and thin (1-3 carbon monolayers) graphene oxide nanosheets (s-GO) have been shown to selectively inhibit glutamatergic transmission in neuronal cultures in vitro and in brain explants obtained from animals injected with the nanomaterial. This raises the exciting prospect that s-GO can be developed as a platform for novel nervous system therapeutics. It has not yet been investigated whether the interference of the nanomaterial with neurotransmission may have a downstream outcome in modulation of behaviour depending specifically on the activation of those synapses. To address this problem we use early stage zebrafish as an in vivo model to study the impact of s-GO on nervous system function. Microinjection of s-GO into the embryonic zebrafish spinal cord selectively reduces the excitatory synaptic transmission of the spinal network, monitored in vivo through patch clamp recordings, without affecting spinal cell survival. This effect is accompanied by a perturbation in the swimming activity of larvae, which is the locomotor behaviour generated by the neuronal network of the spinal cord. Such results indicate that the impact of s-GO on glutamate based neuronal transmission is preserved in vivo and can induce changes in animal behaviour. These findings pave the way for use of s-GO as a modulator of nervous system function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Cellot
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
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45
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Bernabò N, Valbonetti L, Raspa M, Fontana A, Palestini P, Botto L, Paoletti R, Fray M, Allen S, Machado-Simoes J, Ramal-Sanchez M, Pilato S, Scavizzi F, Barboni B. Graphene Oxide Improves in vitro Fertilization in Mice With No Impact on Embryo Development and Preserves the Membrane Microdomains Architecture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:629. [PMID: 32612987 PMCID: PMC7308453 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
During the latest years, human infertility worsened all over the world and is nowadays reputed as a global public health issue. As a consequence, the adoption of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) such as In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is undergoing an impressive increase. In this context, one of the most promising strategies is the innovative adoption of extra-physiological materials for advanced sperm preparation methods. Here, by using a murine model, the addition of Graphene Oxide (GO) at a specific concentration has demonstrated to increase the spermatozoa fertilizing ability in an IVF assay, finding that 0.5 μg/ml GO addition to sperm suspensions before IVF is able to increase both the number of fertilized oocytes and embryos created with a healthy offspring given by Embryo Transplantation (ET). In addition, GO treatment has been found more effective than that carried out with methyl-β-cyclodextrin, which represents the gold standard in promoting in vitro fertility of mice spermatozoa. Subsequent biochemical characterization of its interaction with male gametes has been additionally performed. As a result, it was found that GO exerts its positive effect by extracting cholesterol from membranes, without affecting the integrity of microdomains and thus preserving the sperm functions. In conclusion, GO improves IVF outcomes in vitro and in vivo, defining new perspectives for innovative strategies in the treatment of human infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Bernabò
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- National Research Council – Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Valbonetti
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- National Research Council – Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Raspa
- National Research Council – Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Fontana
- Department of Pharmacy, D’Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Palestini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Laura Botto
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Juliana Machado-Simoes
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Marina Ramal-Sanchez
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Serena Pilato
- Department of Pharmacy, D’Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Scavizzi
- National Research Council – Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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46
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Secomandi N, Franceschi Biagioni A, Kostarelos K, Cellot G, Ballerini L. Thin graphene oxide nanoflakes modulate glutamatergic synapses in the amygdala cultured circuits: Exploiting synaptic approaches to anxiety disorders. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 26:102174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Manzati M, Sorbo T, Giugliano M, Ballerini L. Foetal neural progenitors contribute to postnatal circuits formation ex vivo: an electrophysiological investigation. Mol Brain 2020; 13:78. [PMID: 32430072 PMCID: PMC7236481 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00619-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal progenitor cells (NPC) play an essential role in homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). Considering their ability to differentiate into specific lineages, their manipulation and control could have a major therapeutic impact for those CNS injuries or degenerative diseases characterized by neuronal cell loss. In this work, we established an in vitro co-culture and tested the ability of foetal NPC (fNPC) to integrate among post-mitotic hippocampal neurons and contribute to the electrical activity of the resulting networks. We performed extracellular electrophysiological recordings of the activity of neuronal networks and compared the properties of spontaneous spiking in hippocampal control cultures (HCC), fNPC, and mixed circuitries ex vivo. We further employed patch-clamp intracellular recordings to examine single-cell excitability. We report of the capability of fNPC to mature when combined to hippocampal neurons, shaping the profile of network activity, a result suggestive of newly formed connectivity ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Manzati
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136, Trieste, Italy.,Neuronal Dynamics Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Teresa Sorbo
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Giugliano
- Neuronal Dynamics Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136, Trieste, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, Universiteit Antwerpen, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Neuron Physiology and Technology Lab, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Neuroscience, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136, Trieste, Italy.
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48
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Tigani W, Rossi MP, Artimagnella O, Santo M, Rauti R, Sorbo T, Ulloa Severino FP, Provenzano G, Allegra M, Caleo M, Ballerini L, Bozzi Y, Mallamaci A. Foxg1 Upregulation Enhances Neocortical Activity. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:5147-5165. [PMID: 32383447 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxg1 is an ancient transcription factor gene orchestrating a number of neurodevelopmental processes taking place in the rostral brain. In this study, we investigated its impact on neocortical activity. We found that mice overexpressing Foxg1 in neocortical pyramidal cells displayed an electroencephalography (EEG) with increased spike frequency and were more prone to kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures. Consistently, primary cultures of neocortical neurons gain-of-function for Foxg1 were hyperactive and hypersynchronized. That reflected an unbalanced expression of key genes encoding for ion channels, gamma aminobutyric acid and glutamate receptors, and was likely exacerbated by a pronounced interneuron depletion. We also detected a transient Foxg1 upregulation ignited in turn by neuronal activity and mediated by immediate early genes. Based on this, we propose that even small changes of Foxg1 levels may result in a profound impact on pyramidal cell activity, an issue relevant to neuronal physiology and neurological aberrancies associated to FOXG1 copy number variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendalina Tigani
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Development, Neuroscience Area, SISSA, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Moira Pinzan Rossi
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Development, Neuroscience Area, SISSA, Trieste 34136, Italy.,AgenTus Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge CB4 OWG, United Kingdom
| | - Osvaldo Artimagnella
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Development, Neuroscience Area, SISSA, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Manuela Santo
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Development, Neuroscience Area, SISSA, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Rossana Rauti
- Laboratory of Neurons and Nanomaterials, Neuroscience Area, SISSA, Trieste 34136, Italy.,Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Teresa Sorbo
- Laboratory of Neurons and Nanomaterials, Neuroscience Area, SISSA, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Ulloa Severino
- Laboratory of Bionanotechnologies, Neuroscience Area, SISSA, Trieste 34136, Italy.,Cell Biology Dept, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham NC-27710, USA
| | - Giovanni Provenzano
- Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Manuela Allegra
- Neuroscience Institute, Neurophysiology Section, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa 56124, Italy.,Laboratory G5 Circuits Neuronaux, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75015, France
| | - Matteo Caleo
- Neuroscience Institute, Neurophysiology Section, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa 56124, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua 35121, Italy
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Laboratory of Neurons and Nanomaterials, Neuroscience Area, SISSA, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Yuri Bozzi
- Neuroscience Institute, Neurophysiology Section, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa 56124, Italy.,Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Trento 38068, Italy
| | - Antonello Mallamaci
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Development, Neuroscience Area, SISSA, Trieste 34136, Italy
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49
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Xiaoli F, Qiyue C, Weihong G, Yaqing Z, Chen H, Junrong W, Longquan S. Toxicology data of graphene-family nanomaterials: an update. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1915-1939. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02717-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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50
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Kang Y, Liu J, Yin S, Jiang Y, Feng X, Wu J, Zhang Y, Chen A, Zhang Y, Shao L. Oxidation of Reduced Graphene Oxide via Cellular Redox Signaling Modulates Actin-Mediated Neurotransmission. ACS NANO 2020; 14:3059-3074. [PMID: 32057235 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Neurotransmission is the basis of brain functions, and controllable neurotransmission tuning constitutes an attractive approach for interventions in a wide range of neurologic disorders and for synapse-based therapeutic treatments. Graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) offer promising advantages for biomedical applications, particularly in neurology. Our study suggests that reduced graphene oxide (rGO) serves as a neurotransmission modulator and reveals that the cellular oxidation of rGO plays a crucial role in this effect. We found that rGO could be oxidized via cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), as evidenced by an increased number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the rGO surface. Cellular redox signaling, which involves NADPH oxidases and mitochondria, was initiated and subsequently intensified rGO oxidation. The study further shows that the blockage of synaptic vesicle docking and fusion induced through a disturbance of actin dynamics is the underlying mechanism through which oxidized rGO exerts depressant effects on neurotransmission. Importantly, this depressant effect could be modulated by restricting the cellular ROS levels and stabilizing the actin dynamics. Taken together, our results identify the complicated biological effects of rGO as a controlled neurotransmission modulator and can provide helpful information for the future design of graphene materials for neurobiological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Kang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Suhan Yin
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Aijie Chen
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China
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