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Zheng X, Kong W, Wen J, Hong J, Luo H, Xia R, Huang Z, Luo X, Liu Z, Li H, Sun H, Wang Y, Liu C, Wu P, Gao H, Li M, Bui AD, Mo Y, Zhang X, Yang G, Chen Y, Feng Z, Nguyen HT, Lin R, Li L, Gao J, Tan H. Solvent engineering for scalable fabrication of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells in air. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4907. [PMID: 38851760 PMCID: PMC11162483 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells hold great promise for realizing high power conversion efficiency at low cost. However, achieving scalable fabrication of wide-bandgap perovskite (~1.68 eV) in air, without the protective environment of an inert atmosphere, remains challenging due to moisture-induced degradation of perovskite films. Herein, this study reveals that the extent of moisture interference is significantly influenced by the properties of solvent. We further demonstrate that n-Butanol (nBA), with its low polarity and moderate volatilization rate, not only mitigates the detrimental effects of moisture in air during scalable fabrication but also enhances the uniformity of perovskite films. This approach enables us to achieve an impressive efficiency of 29.4% (certified 28.7%) for double-sided textured perovskite/silicon tandem cells featuring large-size pyramids (2-3 μm) and 26.3% over an aperture area of 16 cm2. This advance provides a route for large-scale production of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, marking a significant stride toward their commercial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuntian Zheng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenchi Kong
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jin Wen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiajia Hong
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Haowen Luo
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of PV Science and Technology, Trina Solar, ChangZhou, 210031, China
| | - Zilong Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin Luo
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hongjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of PV Science and Technology, Trina Solar, ChangZhou, 210031, China
| | - Hongfei Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yurui Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chenshuaiyu Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Pu Wu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Han Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Manya Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Anh Dinh Bui
- Research School of Electrical, Energy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, NSW, Australia
| | - Yi Mo
- State Key Laboratory of PV Science and Technology, Trina Solar, ChangZhou, 210031, China
| | - Xueling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of PV Science and Technology, Trina Solar, ChangZhou, 210031, China
| | - Guangtao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of PV Science and Technology, Trina Solar, ChangZhou, 210031, China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of PV Science and Technology, Trina Solar, ChangZhou, 210031, China
| | - Zhiqiang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of PV Science and Technology, Trina Solar, ChangZhou, 210031, China
| | - Hieu T Nguyen
- Research School of Electrical, Energy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, NSW, Australia
| | - Renxing Lin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ludong Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jifan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of PV Science and Technology, Trina Solar, ChangZhou, 210031, China.
| | - Hairen Tan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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2
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Tang K, Chen Y, Zhao Y. Exploiting halide perovskites for heavy metal ion detection. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4511-4520. [PMID: 38597320 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00619d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal ions such as mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd) pose significant threats to ecosystems and human health due to their toxicity and bioaccumulation potential. With growing environmental concerns over heavy metal ion pollution, there is an urgent need to develop efficient detection methods for safeguarding public health and the environment. Various materials, including polymers, nanomaterials, and porous substances, have been used for heavy metal ion detection and have shown promising performance for different scenarios. However, each of these materials has certain limitations as probes. Metal halide perovskites (MHPs), known for their exceptional optoelectronic properties and high structural and chemical tunability, have gained great attention in applications such as photovoltaics and LEDs. Yet, their potential as metal ion probes remains rarely explored. This review assesses MHPs as prospective materials for heavy metal ion detection, taking their structure, chemical properties, and responses to external stimuli into consideration. Three key detection mechanisms-cation exchange (CE), electron transfer (ET), and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), are explored to understand how metal ions trigger fluorescence changes on perovskites, enabling their detection. Finally, current avenues of developing perovskite probes are discussed, which include exploration of lead-free perovskites to mitigate environmental concerns arising from lead leakage and the pursuit of achieving high-sensitivity and stable detection in aqueous media, summarizing the existing and promising strategies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yuetian Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, Shanghai 200240, China
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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3
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Zhong J, Zhou D, Bai Q, Liu C, Fan X, Zhang H, Li C, Jiang R, Zhao P, Yuan J, Li X, Zhan G, Yang H, Liu J, Song X, Zhang J, Huang X, Zhu C, Zhu C, Wang L. Growth of millimeter-sized 2D metal iodide crystals induced by ion-specific preference at water-air interfaces. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3185. [PMID: 38609368 PMCID: PMC11014996 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional liquid-phase methods lack precise control in synthesizing and processing materials with macroscopic sizes and atomic thicknesses. Water interfaces are ubiquitous and unique in catalyzing many chemical reactions. However, investigations on two-dimensional (2D) materials related to water interfaces remain limited. Here we report the growth of millimeter-sized 2D PbI2 single crystals at the water-air interface. The growth mechanism is based on an inherent ion-specific preference, i.e. iodine and lead ions tend to remain at the water-air interface and in bulk water, respectively. The spontaneous accumulation and in-plane arrangement within the 2D crystal of iodide ions at the water-air interface leads to the unique crystallization of PbI2 as well as other metal iodides. In particular, PbI2 crystals can be customized to specific thicknesses and further transformed into millimeter-sized mono- to few-layer perovskites. Additionally, we have developed water-based techniques, including water-soaking, spin-coating, water-etching, and water-flow-assisted transfer to recycle, thin, pattern, and position PbI2, and subsequently, perovskites. Our water-interface mediated synthesis and processing methods represents a significant advancement in achieving simple, cost-effective, and energy-efficient production of functional materials and their integrated devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Zhong
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Dawei Zhou
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Qi Bai
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xinlian Fan
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Hehe Zhang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Congzhou Li
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ran Jiang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Peiyi Zhao
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jiaxiao Yuan
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiaojiao Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Guixiang Zhan
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xuefen Song
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Junran Zhang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Lab of MEMS of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Chongqin Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), Nanjing, 211816, China.
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4
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Intan NN, Pfaendtner J. Role of Surface Features on the Initial Dissolution of CH 3NH 3PbI 3 Perovskite in Liquid Water: An Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Study. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22371-22387. [PMID: 37943082 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) hybrid organic inorganic perovskite (HOIP) by water has been the major issue hampering its use in commercial perovskites solar cells (PSCs), as MAPbI3 HOIP has been known to easily degrade in the presence of water. Even though there have been numerous studies investigating this phenomenon, there is still no consensus on the mechanisms of the initial stages of dissolution. Here, we attempt to consolidate differing mechanistic interpretations previously reported in the literature through the use of the first-principles constrained ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) to study both the energetics and mechanisms that accompany the degradation of MAPbI3 HOIP in liquid water. By comparing the dissolution free energy barrier between surface species of different surficial types, we find that the dominant dissolution mechanisms of surface species vary widely based on the specific surface features. The high sensitivity of the dissolution mechanism to surface features has contributed to the many dissolution mechanisms proposed in the literature. In contrast, the dissolution free energy barriers are mainly determined by the dissolving species rather than the type of surfaces, and the type of surfaces the ions are dissolving from is inconsequential toward the dissolution free energy barrier. However, the presence of surface defects such as vacancy sites is found to significantly lower the dissolution free energy barriers. Based on the estimated dissolution free energy barriers, we propose that the dissolution of MAPbI3 HOIP in liquid water originates from surface defect sites that propagate laterally along the surface layer of the MAPbI3 HOIP crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia N Intan
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jim Pfaendtner
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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5
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Le Donne A, Littlefair JD, Tortora M, Merchiori S, Bartolomé L, Grosu Y, Meloni S. Hydrophobicity of molecular-scale textured surfaces: The case of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, an atomistic perspective. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:184709. [PMID: 37955326 DOI: 10.1063/5.0173110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobicity has proven fundamental in an inexhaustible amount of everyday applications. Material hydrophobicity is determined by chemical composition and geometrical characteristics of its macroscopic surface. Surface roughness or texturing enhances intrinsic hydrophilic or hydrophobic characteristics of a material. Here we consider crystalline surfaces presenting molecular-scale texturing typical of crystalline porous materials, e.g., metal-organic frameworks. In particular, we investigate one such material with remarkable hydrophobic qualities, ZIF-8. We show that ZIF-8 hydrophobicity is driven not only by its chemical composition but also its sub-nanoscale surface corrugations, a physical enhancement rare amongst hydrophobes. Studying ZIF-8's hydrophobic properties is challenging as experimentally it is difficult to distinguish between the materials' and the macroscopic corrugations' contributions to the hydrophobicity. The computational contact angle determination is also difficult as the standard "geometric" technique of liquid nanodroplet deposition is prone to many artifacts. Here, we characterise ZIF-8 hydrophobicity via: (i) the "geometric" approach and (ii) the "energetic" method, utilising the Young-Dupré formula and computationally determining the liquid-solid adhesion energy. Both approaches reveal nanoscale Wenzel-like bathing of the corrugated surface. Moreover, we illustrate the importance of surface linker termination in ZIF-8 hydrophobicity, which reduces when varied from sp3 N to sp2 N termination. We also consider halogenated analogues of the methyl-imidazole linker, which promote the transition from nanoWenzel-like to nanoCassie-Baxter-like states, further enhancing surface hydrophobicity. Present results reveal the complex interface physics and chemistry between water and complex porous, molecular crystalline surfaces, providing a hint to tune their hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Le Donne
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie (DOCPAS), Università degli Studi di Ferrara (Unife), Via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Josh D Littlefair
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie (DOCPAS), Università degli Studi di Ferrara (Unife), Via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Tortora
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Universitá di Roma "Sapienza," Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Merchiori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie (DOCPAS), Università degli Studi di Ferrara (Unife), Via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luis Bartolomé
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Yaroslav Grosu
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Simone Meloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche ed Agrarie (DOCPAS), Università degli Studi di Ferrara (Unife), Via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
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6
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Hidalgo J, Kaiser W, An Y, Li R, Oh Z, Castro-Méndez AF, LaFollette DK, Kim S, Lai B, Breternitz J, Schorr S, Perini CAR, Mosconi E, De Angelis F, Correa-Baena JP. Synergistic Role of Water and Oxygen Leads to Degradation in Formamidinium-Based Halide Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145. [PMID: 37917967 PMCID: PMC10655111 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-cation metal halide perovskites have shown remarkable progress in photovoltaic applications with high power conversion efficiencies. However, to achieve large-scale deployment of this technology, efficiencies must be complemented by long-term durability. The latter is limited by external factors, such as exposure to humidity and air, which lead to the rapid degradation of the perovskite materials and devices. In this work, we study the mechanisms causing Cs and formamidinium (FA)-based halide perovskite phase transformations and stabilization during moisture and air exposure. We use in situ X-ray scattering, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations to study these chemical interactions and their effects on structure. We unravel a surface reaction pathway involving the dissolution of FAI by water and iodide oxidation by oxygen, driving the Cs/FA ratio into thermodynamically unstable regions, leading to undesirable phase transformations. This work demonstrates the interplay of bulk phase transformations with surface chemical reactions, providing a detailed understanding of the degradation mechanism and strategies for designing durable and efficient perovskite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanita Hidalgo
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Waldemar Kaiser
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Yu An
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National
Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven
National Lab, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Zion Oh
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Andrés-Felipe Castro-Méndez
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Diana K. LaFollette
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Sanggyun Kim
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Barry Lai
- Advanced
Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Joachim Breternitz
- Department
of Structure and Dynamics of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin 14109, Germany
| | - Susan Schorr
- Department
of Structure and Dynamics of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, Berlin 14109, Germany
- Freie Universitaet
Berlin, Institute of Geological Sciences, Malteser Str. 74-200, Berlin 12249, Germany
| | - Carlo A. R. Perini
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Edoardo Mosconi
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Perugia 06123, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and UdR INSTM, Perugia 06123, Italy
- Department
of Natural Sciences & Mathematics, College of Sciences & Human
Studies, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Dhahran 34754, Saudi Arabia
- SKKU
Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Juan-Pablo Correa-Baena
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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7
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Kerr R, Macdonald TJ, Tanner AJ, Yu J, Davies JA, Fielding HH, Thornton G. Zero Threshold for Water Adsorption on MAPbBr 3. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301014. [PMID: 37267942 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have shown great promise in a wide range of optoelectronic applications. However, this performance is inhibited by the sensitivity of HOIPs to various environmental factors, particularly high levels of relative humidity. This study uses X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine that there is essentially no threshold to water adsorption on the in situ cleaved MAPbBr3 (001) single crystal surface. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), it shows that the initial surface restructuring upon exposure to water vapor occurs in isolated regions, which grow in area with increasing exposure, providing insight into the initial degradation mechanism of HOIPs. The electronic structure evolution of the surface was also monitored via ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS), evidencing an increased bandgap state density following water vapor exposure, which is attributed to surface defect formation due to lattice swelling. This study will help to inform the surface engineering and designs of future perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Thomas J Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- School of Engineering & Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Alex J Tanner
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Jiangdong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Julia A Davies
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Helen H Fielding
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Geoff Thornton
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
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8
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Chen N, Zhang W, Li QS. A moderate intensity ligand works best: a theoretical study on passivation effects of pyridine-based molecules for perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 37318378 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01296d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Improving battery stability while maintaining high photoelectric conversion efficiency remains the bottleneck in the current development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Three π-conjugated pyridine-based molecules, pyridine (Py), bipyridine (Bpy), and terpyridine (Tpy), were adopted to passivate the PSCs in recent experiments (J. Chen, S.-G. Kim, X. Ren, H. S. Jung and N.-G. Park, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2019, 7, 4977-4987; J. Zhang, J. Duan, Q. Zhang, Q. Guo, F. Yan, X. Yang, Y. Duan and Q. Tang, Chem. Eng. J., 2022, 431, 134230), in which Bpy works best in terms of photovoltaic properties and moisture tolerance. In this work, based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, we demonstrate that Bpy displays the least structural fluctuation when adsorbed on the perovskite surface, enlarges the bandgap suppressing electron-hole recombination, and exhibits remarkable shielding effects against moisture. The appropriate anchoring ability of Bpy retains robust binding strength and preferable charge transfer ability compared to Py at the interfaces between the passivation molecules (PMs) and MAPbI3. In contrast, although Tpy possesses the strongest charge-transfer capability, it introduces midgap states owing to intense electronegativity, providing additional pathways for nonradiative charge relaxation. Besides, Tpy triggers rapid diffusions of water and larger atomic fluctuations, destroying the structures of the perovskite through the removal of lead atoms. Our computational results not only rationalize the experimental observations but also provide valuable guidance at the atomic level to design novel PMs that endow PSCs with outstanding photovoltaic performance as well as stability against moisture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China.
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China.
| | - Quan-Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China.
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9
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Hou X, Zhang W, Li QS. Cooperative multiple interactions of donor-π-acceptor dyes enhance the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13383-13392. [PMID: 37157860 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00704a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface passivation by organic dyes has been an effective strategy for simultaneous enhancement of the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells. However, lack of in-depth understanding of how subtle structural changes in dyes leads to distinctly different passivation effects is a challenge for screening effective passivation molecules (PMs). In an experiment done by Han et al. (Adv. Energy Mater., 2019, 9, 1803766), three donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) dyes (SP1, SP2, and SP3) with distinct electron donors have been applied to passivate the perovskite surface, where the efficiency and stability of PSCs are quite different. Herein, we carried out first-principles calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations on the structures and electronic properties of SP1, SP2, SP3, and their passivated perovskite surfaces. Our results showed that SP3 enhances the carrier transfer rate, electric field, and absorption region compared to SP1 and SP2. Moreover, AIMD simulations reveal that the cooperative multiple interactions of O-Pb, S-Pb, and H-I between SP3 and the perovskite surface result in a stronger passivation effect in a humid environment than that of SP1 and SP2. This work is expected to pave the way for screening dye passivation molecules to endow perovskite solar cells with high efficiency and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Hou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Quan-Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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10
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Yin Y, Zheng W, Lin S, Zhao L. Dissolution of Forsterite Surface in Brine at CO 2 Geo-storage Conditions: Insights from Molecular Dynamic Simulations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:4304-4316. [PMID: 36919919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating the long-term security of geological deep saline aquifers to store CO2 requires a comprehensive understanding of mineral dissolution properties. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to study the dissolution of forsterite in deep saline aquifers. The forsterite surface is found to be covered by three H2O molecular layers, hindering CO2 from directly contacting the surface. The dissolution rates at 350 K are increased by more than 1012 with the presence of Mg defects or salt ions in solutions. The more disordered surface in pure water caused by Mg defects accounts for the acceleration of dissolution, while absorbed Cl- ions on the surface in NaCl and KCl solutions accelerate the dissolution through electrostatic interactions. Comparatively, the frequent attacks from alkaline earth cations in MgCl2 and CaCl2 solutions to the surface contribute to the enhanced dissolution. In the acidic H3OCl solution, the electrostatic interactions between O atoms in H3O+ and the surface facilitate the dissolution. Interestingly, the ionic clusters of CO32-/HCO3- and Na+ in Na2CO3/NaHCO3 solution promote the dissolution process. This work provides molecular insights into forsterite dissolution in deep saline aquifers and guidance toward the optimization of CO2 geo-storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Yin
- National Engineering Research Center of Turbo-Generator Vibration, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Wenhui Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Turbo-Generator Vibration, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Shangchao Lin
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lingling Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Turbo-Generator Vibration, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
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11
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Wang Y, Zhao H, Piotrowski M, Han X, Ge Z, Dong L, Wang C, Pinisetty SK, Balguri PK, Bandela AK, Thumu U. Cesium Lead Iodide Perovskites: Optically Active Crystal Phase Stability to Surface Engineering. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13081318. [PMID: 36014240 PMCID: PMC9414704 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Among perovskites, the research on cesium lead iodides (CsPbI3) has attracted a large research community, owing to their all-inorganic nature and promising solar cell performance. Typically, the CsPbI3 solar cell devices are prepared at various heterojunctions, and working at fluctuating temperatures raises questions on the material stability-related performance of such devices. The fundamental studies reveal that their poor stability is due to a lower side deviation from Goldschmidt's tolerance factor, causing weak chemical interactions within the crystal lattice. In the case of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, where their stability is related to the inherent chemical nature of the organic cations, which cannot be manipulated to improve the stability drastically whereas the stability of CsPbI3 is related to surface and lattice engineering. Thus, the challenges posed by CsPbI3 could be overcome by engineering the surface and inside the CsPbI3 crystal lattice. A few solutions have been proposed, including controlled crystal sizes, surface modifications, and lattice engineering. Various research groups have been working on these aspects and had accumulated a rich understanding of these materials. In this review, at first, we survey the fundamental aspects of CsPbI3 polymorphs structure, highlighting the superiority of CsPbI3 over other halide systems, stability, the factors (temperature, polarity, and size influence) leading to their phase transformations, and electronic band structure along with the important property of the defect tolerance nature. Fortunately, the factors stabilizing the most effective phases are achieved through a size reduction and the efficient surface passivation on the delicate CsPbI3 nanocrystal surfaces. In the following section, we have provided the up-to-date surface passivating methods to suppress the non-radiative process for near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield, while maintaining their optically active phases, especially through molecular links (ligands, polymers, zwitterions, polymers) and inorganic halides. We have also provided recent advances to the efficient synthetic protocols for optically active CsPbI3 NC phases to use readily for solar cell applications. The nanocrystal purification techniques are challenging and had a significant effect on the device performances. In part, we summarized the CsPbI3-related solar cell device performances with respect to the device fabrication methods. At the end, we provide a brief outlook on the view of surface and lattice engineering in CsPbI3 NCs for advancing the enhanced stability which is crucial for superior optical and light applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixi Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Hairong Zhao
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Marek Piotrowski
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Zhongsheng Ge
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Lizhuang Dong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Chengjie Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Sowjanya Krishna Pinisetty
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Praveen Kumar Balguri
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad 500043, India
| | - Anil Kumar Bandela
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Correspondence: (A.K.B.); (U.T.)
| | - Udayabhaskararao Thumu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Correspondence: (A.K.B.); (U.T.)
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12
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Gao Y, Su X, Wei J, Sun J, Zhang M, Tan H, Zhang J, Ouyang J, Na N. Water-resistant organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite quantum dots activated by the electron-deficient d-orbital of platinum atoms for nitrogen fixation. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10780-10792. [PMID: 35861174 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02662g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to their special physicochemical properties, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite quantum dots (OIP QDs) are ideal and potential catalysts for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). However, the OIP QD-based NRR is limited by poor water resistance, competitive suppression by the hydrogen evolution reaction, and inefficient active sites on the catalyst surfaces. Herein, to ensure an efficient NRR in aqueous solution, a water-resistant polycarbonate-part-encapsulated heterojunction of Zn,PtIV co-doped PbO-MAPbBr3 (PtIV/Zn/PbO/PC-Zn/MAPbBr3) is prepared through one-step electrospray-based microdroplet synthesis. Confirmed by both experimental and theoretical examinations, PbO is exposed on the PC-part-encapsulated surface to construct a Type I heterojunction. This heterojunction is further improved by synergistic co-doping with PtIV to facilitate efficient electron transfer for efficient photocatalysis of the NRR. Due to the active sites of the d-orbital electron-deficient Pt atoms (exhibiting a lower reaction energy barrier and highly selective N2 adsorption), the ammonia yield rate is 40 times higher than that without doping. This work initiates and develops on the application of OIP QDs in the NRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiao Su
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Juanjuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jianghui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy & State, Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China.
| | - Jin Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Na Na
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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13
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García-Fernández A, Svanström S, Sterling CM, Gangan A, Erbing A, Kamal C, Sloboda T, Kammlander B, Man GJ, Rensmo H, Odelius M, Cappel UB. Experimental and Theoretical Core Level and Valence Band Analysis of Clean Perovskite Single Crystal Surfaces. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106450. [PMID: 35122466 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the surface and interface properties of lead halide perovskites is of interest for several applications, in which these materials may be used. To develop this understanding, the study of clean crystalline surfaces can be an important stepping stone. In this work, the surface properties and electronic structure of two different perovskite single crystal compositions (MAPbI3 and Csx FA1- x PbI3 ) are investigated using synchrotron-based soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), molecular dynamics simulations, and density functional theory. The use of synchrotron-based soft X-ray PES enables high surface sensitivity and nondestructive depth-profiling. Core level and valence band spectra of the single crystals are presented. The authors find two carbon 1s contributions at the surface of MAPbI3 and assign these to MA+ ions in an MAI-terminated surface and to MA+ ions below the surface. It is estimated that the surface is predominantly MAI-terminated but up to 30% of the surface can be PbI2 -terminated. The results presented here can serve as reference spectra for photoelectron spectroscopy investigations of technologically relevant polycrystalline thin films, and the findings can be utilized to further optimize the design of device interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto García-Fernández
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Svanström
- Condensed Matter Physics of Energy Materials, Division of X-ray Photon Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, SE-751 20, Sweden
| | - Cody M Sterling
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Abhijeet Gangan
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Axel Erbing
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Chinnathambi Kamal
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
- Theory and Simulations Laboratory, HRDS, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452013, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400094, India
| | - Tamara Sloboda
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Birgit Kammlander
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Gabriel J Man
- Condensed Matter Physics of Energy Materials, Division of X-ray Photon Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, SE-751 20, Sweden
| | - Håkan Rensmo
- Condensed Matter Physics of Energy Materials, Division of X-ray Photon Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, SE-751 20, Sweden
| | - Michael Odelius
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Ute B Cappel
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
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14
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Abstract
Halide perovskites are considered to be next-generation semiconductor materials with bright prospects to advance the technology of photonics and optoelectronics. Because of the intrinsic ionic feature, the interactions between perovskites and water induce serious stability issues, which has been one of the fundamental problems hindering the practical application of perovskites. The degradation of halide perovskites upon water exposure has been intensively studied, resulting in chemical insights into key processes, including hydration, phase transformation, decomposition, and dissolution. In this Perspective, we try to illustrate what happens when halide perovskites meet with water. We summarize the research progress regarding the understanding of these processes and discuss the principle of strategy design toward improved stability against water. In addition to the instability-related interactions, we also discuss the aqueous solution of perovskite precursors for fabricating perovskite-based functional materials. Hopefully, this Perspective can inspire more fundamental studies on the interactions between perovskites and water, such as spectroscopy and simulation, crystal structure and material characterizations, and solution chemistry and crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjun Cheng
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Materials Sciences & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Haizheng Zhong
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low Dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, School of Materials Sciences & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
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15
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Kaiser W, Ricciarelli D, Mosconi E, Alothman AA, Ambrosio F, De Angelis F. Stability of Tin- versus Lead-Halide Perovskites: Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Perovskite/Water Interfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2321-2329. [PMID: 35245058 PMCID: PMC8935372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tin-halide perovskites (THPs) have emerged as promising lead-free perovskites for photovoltaics and photocatalysis applications but still fall short in terms of stability and efficiency with respect to their lead-based counterpart. A detailed understanding of the degradation mechanism of THPs in a water environment is missing. This Letter presents ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations to unravel atomistic details of THP/water interfaces comparing methylammonium tin iodide, MASnI3, with the lead-based MAPbI3. Our results reveal facile solvation of surface tin-iodine bonds in MASnI3, while MAPbI3 remains more robust to degradation despite a larger amount of adsorbed water molecules. Additional AIMD simulations on dimethylammonium tin bromide, DMASnBr3, investigate the origins of their unprecedented water stability. Our results indicate the presence of amorphous surface layers of hydrated zero-dimensional SnBr3 complexes which may protect the inner structure from degradation and explain their success as photocatalysts. We believe that the atomistic details of the mechanisms affecting THP (in-)stability may inspire new strategies to stabilize THPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Kaiser
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Damiano Ricciarelli
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Mosconi
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma A. Alothman
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Francesco Ambrosio
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
- CNST@Polimi,
Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”
(CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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16
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Pietropaolo A, Mattoni A, Pica G, Fortino M, Schifino G, Grancini G. Rationalizing the design and implementation of chiral hybrid perovskites. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Gao Y, Su X, Zhang J, Tan H, Sun J, Ouyang J, Na N. One-Step Prepared Water-Resistant Organic-Inorganic-Hybrid Perovskite Quantum Dots with Zn-Oxygen Vacancies for Attempts at Nitrogen Fixation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103773. [PMID: 34558187 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Applying organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) to photocatalytic nitrogen fixation is hindered long-term by the inherent instability in water and tedious preparations. Here, to realize PQD-catalyzed photocatalytic N2 reduction reaction (NRR), water-resistant PQDs are simply prepared through one-step electrospray synthesis in microseconds. During the fast electrospray, PQDs of Zn/PbO-doped methylammonium lead bromide (Zn/PbO/PC-Zn/MAPbBr3 , MA: CH3 NH3 ) are prepared and part-encapsulated by polycarbonate. The synthesis maintains good water resistance, whose restriction on charge transport is overcome skillfully. Simultaneously, substitution of Zn with Pb on water-resistant surface is also achieved, which fabricates new Zn-oxygen vacancies (Zn-OVs) with Zn/PbO-Zn/MAPbBr3 type I heterojunction. This facilitates efficient electron transfer from internal heterojunction interface of Zn/MAPbBr3 PQDs to the surface of Zn/PbO. Demonstrated by theoretical calculations, Zn-OVs promote chemisorption and polarization of N2 . In addition, s-electrons in exposed Zn become active due to changes of electron filling of Zn orbitals under OVs' co-doping. Thus, photocatalytic N2 reduction reaction catalyzed by organic-inorganic hybrid PQDs is first achieved in aqueous phase without sacrificial agents being added. This initiates possibilities for photocatalytic applications of organic-inorganic hybrid PQDs in aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Su
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy & State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, 116023, China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jianghui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jin Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Na Na
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No.19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
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18
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Ummadisingu A, Meloni S, Mattoni A, Tress W, Grätzel M. Crystal‐Size‐Induced Band Gap Tuning in Perovskite Films. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amita Ummadisingu
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces (LPI) Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Station 6 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Simone Meloni
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale Università di Roma “Sapienza” via Eudossiana 19 00184 Roma Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Farmaceutiche e Agrarie (DOCPAS) Università degli Studi di Ferrara (Unife) Via Luigi Borsari 46 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Alessandro Mattoni
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali IOM—CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cagliari Cittadella Universitaria 09042 Monserrato (Ca) Italy
| | - Wolfgang Tress
- Laboratory of Photomolecular Science (LSPM) Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Station 6 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces (LPI) Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Station 6 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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19
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Ummadisingu A, Meloni S, Mattoni A, Tress W, Grätzel M. Crystal-Size-Induced Band Gap Tuning in Perovskite Films. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21368-21376. [PMID: 34288311 PMCID: PMC8518849 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive picture explaining the effect of the crystal size in metal halide perovskite films on their opto‐electronic characteristics is currently lacking. We report that perovskite nanocrystallites exhibit a wider band gap due to concurrent quantum confinement and size dependent structural effects, with the latter being remarkably distinct and attributed to the perturbation from the surface of the nanocrystallites affecting the structure of their core. This phenomenon might assist in the photo‐induced charge separation within the perovskite in devices employing mesoporous layers as they restrict the size of nanocrystallites present in them. We demonstrate that the crystal size effect is widely applicable as it is ubiquitous in different compositions and deposition methods employed in the fabrication of state‐of‐the‐art perovskite solar cells. This effect is a convenient and effective way to tune the band gap of perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Ummadisingu
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces (LPI), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simone Meloni
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Università di Roma "Sapienza", via Eudossiana 19, 00184, Roma, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche e Agrarie (DOCPAS), Università degli Studi di Ferrara (Unife), Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mattoni
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali IOM-CNR, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042, Monserrato (Ca), Italy
| | - Wolfgang Tress
- Laboratory of Photomolecular Science (LSPM), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces (LPI), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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20
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Broadband emission of corner-sharing halometalate templated by benzyltrimethylammonium. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Cordero F, Craciun F, Paoletti AM, Zanotti G. Structural Transitions and Stability of FAPbI 3 and MAPbI 3: The Role of Interstitial Water. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061610. [PMID: 34207485 PMCID: PMC8234660 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
We studied the influence of water on the structural stability and transformations of MAPI and FAPI by anelastic and dielectric spectroscopies under various temperature and H2O partial pressure protocols. Before discussing the new results in terms of interstitial water in MAPI and FAPI, the literature is briefly reviewed, in search of other studies and evidences on interstitial water in hybrid halide perovskites. In hydrated MAPI, the elastic anomaly between the cubic α and tetragonal β phases may be depressed by more than 50%, demonstrating that there are H2O molecules dispersed in the perovskite lattice in interstitial form, that hinder the long range tilting of the PbI6 octahedra. Instead, in FAPI, interstitial water accelerates in both senses the reconstructive transformations between 3D α and 1D δ phases, which is useful during the crystallization of the α phase. On the other hand, the interstitial H2O molecules increase the effective size of the MA and FA cations to which are bonded, shifting the thermodynamic equilibrium from the compact perovskite structure to the open δ and hydrated phases of loosely bonded chains of PbI6 octahedra. For this reason, when fabricating devices based on hybrid metal-organic halide perovskites, it is important to reduce the content of interstitial water as much as possible before encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cordero
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma, Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Floriana Craciun
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma, Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria Paoletti
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo Scalo, I-00015 Rome, Italy; (A.M.P.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gloria Zanotti
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo Scalo, I-00015 Rome, Italy; (A.M.P.); (G.Z.)
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22
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Pols M, Vicent-Luna JM, Filot I, van Duin ACT, Tao S. Atomistic Insights Into the Degradation of Inorganic Halide Perovskite CsPbI 3: A Reactive Force Field Molecular Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5519-5525. [PMID: 34096726 PMCID: PMC8215647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites make efficient solar cells but suffer from several stability issues. The characterization of these degradation processes is challenging because of the limited spatiotemporal resolution in experiments and the absence of efficient computational methods to study these reactive processes. Here, we present the first reactive force field for molecular dynamics simulations of the phase instability and the defect-induced degradation in CsPbI3. We find that the phase transitions are driven by the anharmonic fluctuations of the atoms in the perovskite lattice. At low temperatures, the Cs cations tend to move away from their preferential positions, resulting in worse contacts with the surrounding metal halide framework which initiates the conversion to a nonperovskite phase. Moreover, our simulations of defective structures reveal that, although both iodine vacancies and interstitials are mobile in the perovskite lattice, the vacancies have a detrimental effect on the stability, leading to the decomposition of perovskites to PbI2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Pols
- Materials
Simulation & Modelling, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center
for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - José Manuel Vicent-Luna
- Materials
Simulation & Modelling, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center
for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Filot
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center
for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Adri C. T. van Duin
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Pennsylvania
State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Shuxia Tao
- Materials
Simulation & Modelling, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center
for Computational Energy Research, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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23
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Hills‐Kimball K, Yang H, Cai T, Wang J, Chen O. Recent Advances in Ligand Design and Engineering in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2100214. [PMID: 34194945 PMCID: PMC8224438 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystals (NCs) have recently garnered enhanced development efforts from research disciplines owing to their superior optical and optoelectronic properties. These materials, however, are unlike conventional quantum dots, because they possess strong ionic character, labile ligand coverage, and overall stability issues. As a result, the system as a whole is highly dynamic and can be affected by slight changes of particle surface environment. Specifically, the surface ligand shell of LHP NCs has proven to play imperative roles throughout the lifetime of a LHP NC. Recent advances in engineering and understanding the roles of surface ligand shells from initial synthesis, through postsynthetic processing and device integration, finally to application performances of colloidal LHP NCs are covered here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanjun Yang
- Department of ChemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Tong Cai
- Department of ChemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of ChemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA
| | - Ou Chen
- Department of ChemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRI02912USA
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24
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Jahanbakhshi F, Mladenović M, Dankl M, Boziki A, Ahlawat P, Rothlisberger U. Organic Spacers in 2D Perovskites: General Trends and Structure‐Property Relationships from Computational Studies. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Jahanbakhshi
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Marko Mladenović
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Mathias Dankl
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Ariadni Boziki
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Paramvir Ahlawat
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Ursula Rothlisberger
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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25
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Ahlawat P, Hinderhofer A, Alharbi EA, Lu H, Ummadisingu A, Niu H, Invernizzi M, Zakeeruddin SM, Dar MI, Schreiber F, Hagfeldt A, Grätzel M, Rothlisberger U, Parrinello M. A combined molecular dynamics and experimental study of two-step process enabling low-temperature formation of phase-pure α-FAPbI 3. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe3326. [PMID: 33893100 PMCID: PMC8064632 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe3326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that the lack of understanding the crystallization process in a two-step sequential deposition has a direct impact on efficiency, stability, and reproducibility of perovskite solar cells. Here, we try to understand the solid-solid phase transition occurring during the two-step sequential deposition of methylammonium lead iodide and formamidinium lead iodide. Using metadynamics, x-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy, we reveal the microscopic details of this process. We find that the formation of perovskite proceeds through intermediate structures and report polymorphs found for methylammonium lead iodide and formamidinium lead iodide. From simulations, we discover a possible crystallization pathway for the highly efficient metastable α phase of formamidinium lead iodide. Guided by these simulations, we perform experiments that result in the low-temperature crystallization of phase-pure α-formamidinium lead iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramvir Ahlawat
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Essa A Alharbi
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Haizhou Lu
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences Engineering, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amita Ummadisingu
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Haiyang Niu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Facoltà di Informatica, Istituto di Scienze Computazionali, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via G. Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Michele Invernizzi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Facoltà di Informatica, Istituto di Scienze Computazionali, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via G. Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Ibrahim Dar
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Schreiber
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences Engineering, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Ursula Rothlisberger
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Michele Parrinello
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
- Facoltà di Informatica, Istituto di Scienze Computazionali, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via G. Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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26
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Lehmann AG, Congiu F, Marongiu D, Mura A, Filippetti A, Mattoni A, Saba M, Pegna G, Sarritzu V, Quochi F, Bongiovanni G. Long-lived electrets and lack of ferroelectricity in methylammonium lead bromide CH 3NH 3PbBr 3 ferroelastic single crystals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:3233-3245. [PMID: 33465210 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05918h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid lead halides CH3NH3PbX3 (X = I, Br, and Cl) have emerged as a new class of semiconductors for low-cost optoelectronic devices with superior performance. Since their perovskite crystal structure may have lattice instabilities against polar distortions, they are also being considered as potential photo-ferroelectrics. However, so far, research on their ferroelectricity has yielded inconclusive results and the subject is far from being settled. Here, we investigate, using a combined experimental and theoretical approach, the possible presence of electric polarization in tetragonal and orthorhombic CH3NH3PbBr3 (T-MAPB and O-MAPB). We found that T-MAPB does not sustain spontaneous polarization but, under an external electric field, it is projected into a metastable, ionic space-charge electret state. The electret can be frozen on cooling, producing a large and long-lasting polarization in O-MAPB. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the ferroelastic domain boundaries are able to trap charges and segregate ionic point defects, thus playing a favorable role in the stabilization of the electret. At lower temperatures, the lack of ferroelectric behavior is explained using first principles calculations as the result of the tight competition among many metastable states with randomly oriented polarization; this large configurational entropy does not allow a single polar state to dominate at any significant temperature range.
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27
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Hong SN, Yu CJ, Jong UG, Choe SH, Kye YH. Effect of vacancy concentration on the lattice thermal conductivity of CH 3NH 3PbI 3: a molecular dynamics study. RSC Adv 2021; 11:34015-34023. [PMID: 35497285 PMCID: PMC9042382 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05393k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid halide perovskites are drawing great interest for photovoltaic and thermoelectric applications, but the relationship of thermal conductivities with vacancy defects remains unresolved. Here, we present a systematic investigation of the thermal conductivity of perfect and defective CH3NH3PbI3, performed using classical molecular dynamics with an ab initio-derived force field. We calculate the lattice thermal conductivity of perfect CH3NH3PbI3 as the temperature increases from 300 K to 420 K, confirming a good agreement with the previous theoretical and experimental data. Our calculations reveal that the thermal conductivities of defective systems at 330 K, containing vacancy defects such as VMA, VPb and VI, decrease overall with some slight rises, as the vacancy concentration increases from 0 to 1%. We show that such vacancies act as phonon scattering centers, thereby reducing the thermal conductivity. Moreover, we determine the elastic moduli and sound velocities of the defective systems, revealing that their slower sound speed is responsible for the lower thermal conductivity. These results could be useful for developing hybrid halide perovskite-based solar cells and thermoelectric devices with high performance. Molecular dynamics simulations with the MYP force field were performed to determine the thermal conductivity of perfect and defective bulk MAPbI3. Thermal conductivity was found to decrease overall as the vacancy concentration increased.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Nam Hong
- Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
| | - Chol-Jun Yu
- Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Gi Jong
- Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Hyok Choe
- Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hyok Kye
- Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
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28
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Almishal SSI, Rashwan O. New accurate molecular dynamics potential function to model the phase transformation of cesium lead triiodide perovskite (CsPbI 3). RSC Adv 2020; 10:44503-44511. [PMID: 35517159 PMCID: PMC9058495 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08434d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic metallic halide perovskites and cesium lead triiodide, CsPbI3, in particular, have gained enormous attention recently due to their unique photovoltaic properties and low processing temperatures. However, their structural stability and phase transition still need an in-depth investigation to better optimize their optoelectronic properties. For sake of time and cost, Classical Molecular Dynamics (CMD) and first principles calculations are being used to predict the structure stability and phase transition of CsPbI3. The major challenge of CMD is the choice of proper interatomic potential functions. In this paper, a new hybrid force field is being introduced, which integrates the embedded atomic potentials of Cs-Cs and Pb-Pb with Buckingham-Coulomb potentials. The Buckingham-Coulomb interatomic potential was solely employed as well. The outputs from both force fields were reported and compared to the experimental values. In fact, the new Hybrid Embedded Atomic Buckingham-Coulomb (EABC) potential reproduces, with a great degree of accuracy (within 2.5%), the structural properties, such as the radial distribution functions, interatomic separation distances, and the density. Also, it detects the phase transformation from an orthorhombic into a cubic crystal structure and the melting temperature at 594 K and 750 K respectively which agrees with the experimental values to within 1%. The new proposed hybrid potential proved to be accurate so it could potentially be used to infer the structure stability and the mechanical and thermal properties of the pure inorganic halide perovskites and the mixed halide perovskites as well which are used in various applications.
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29
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Xu KJ, Wang RT, Xu AF, Chen JY, Xu G. Hysteresis and Instability Predicted in Moisture Degradation of Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:48882-48889. [PMID: 33054159 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of the perovskite solar cell structure was expected recently to be reversible, which opened a new gate to the enhancement of the device lifetime by reversing the process. However, the kinetic details of the structural collapse and recovery are still missing, without which the perovskite reversibility cannot be further explored. Due to the experimental difficulty, a purposeful numerical model was conducted in this report, to simulate the water diffusion process in the perovskite structure in both directions. It was found that the moisture diffusion needs to be initiated by a certain level of structural imperfection and is non-Fickian, as assisted by the collapse of the perovskite into the 1D chains. The reversibility was verified by the back diffusion, but accompanied by hysteresis, stagnancy, and even surprising instability, which initiated the water flow under initial equilibrium, due possibly to the imbalance during the reconstruction of the perovskite lattice. These observations offer new insights to form strategies of improvement, for example, via the possible self-healing perovskite devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin J Xu
- Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, Columbia University, New York, 10027, United States
| | - Ryan T Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S4L8, Canada
| | - Alex F Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S4L8, Canada
| | - Jason Y Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S4L8, Canada
| | - Gu Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S4L8, Canada
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30
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Li S, Ding H, Cai H, Zhao H, Zhao Y, Yang J, Jin Y, Pan N, Wang X. Realizing CsPbBr 3 Light-Emitting Diode Arrays Based on PDMS Template Confined Solution Growth of Single-Crystalline Perovskite. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8275-8282. [PMID: 32941051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal-halide perovskites have shown excellent optoelectronic properties, among which the array-type architecture is highly desirable. However, both the susceptibility of perovskites to polar solvents and the complex 3D geometry of array structure have led to great challenges for device fabrication and performance, which hinders their further applications. Here, we report a simple but efficient approach highly compatible with the state-of-the-art microelectronics processes to construct single-crystalline array light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of perovskite. The well-aligned single-crystalline array was sandwiched as the emission layer, among the carefully designed multilayer ITO/NiO/CsPbBr3/PMMA/ZnO/Ag structure. Through systematically altering the size of CsPbBr3 single crystal and the thickness of insulation layer, the device performance has been optimized and eventually achieved a 99% working ratio in a 62 × 47 array. Moreover, a prototype device of LED display was also fabricated. These results clearly demonstrate that our strategy is efficient, reliable, and versatile, which can be easily extended to other perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Huaiyi Ding
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hongbing Cai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yilong Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Nan Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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31
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Mattoni A, Meloni S. Defect Dynamics in MAPbI
3
Polycrystalline Films: The Trapping Effect of Grain Boundaries. Helv Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mattoni
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto Officina dei Materiali CNR-IOM Cagliari Cittadella Universitaria IT-09042 Monserrato CA Italy
| | - Simone Meloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (DipSCF) Università degli Studi di Ferrara (Unife) Via Luigi Borsari 46 IT-44121 Ferrara Italy
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32
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Zhou H, Wang J, Wang M, Lin S. Competing Dissolution Pathways and Ligand Passivation-Enhanced Interfacial Stability of Hybrid Perovskites with Liquid Water. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:23584-23594. [PMID: 32326693 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Material instability issues, especially moisture degradation in ambient operating environments, limit the practical application of hybrid perovskite in photovoltaic and light-emitting devices. Very recent experiments demonstrate that ligand passivation can effectively improve the surface moisture tolerance of hybrid perovskites. In this work, the interfacial stability of as-synthesized pristine and alkylammonium-passivated methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) with liquid water is systematically investigated using molecular dynamics simulations and reaction kinetics models. Interestingly, the more hydrophilic [PbI2]0 surface is more stable than the less hydrophilic [MAI]0 surface because of the higher polarity of the former surface. Linear alkylammoniums significantly stabilize the [MAI]0 surface with highly reduced (by 1-2 orders of magnitude) dissociation rates of both MA+ and ligands themselves, while branched ligands, surprisingly, lead to higher dissociation rates as the surface coverage increases. Such anomalous behavior is attributed to the aggregation-assisted dissolution of surfactant-like ligands as micelles during the degradation process. Short-chain linear alkylammonium at the full surface coverage is found to be the optimal ligand to stabilize the [MAI]0 surface. This work not only provides fundamental insights into the ionic dissolution pathways and mechanisms of hybrid perovskites in water but also inspires the design of highly stable hybrid perovskites with ligand passivation layers. The computational framework developed here is also transferrable to the investigation of surface passivation chemistry for weak ionic materials in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Jingfan Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Mingchao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Shangchao Lin
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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33
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Giri A, Chen AZ, Mattoni A, Aryana K, Zhang D, Hu X, Lee SH, Choi JJ, Hopkins PE. Ultralow Thermal Conductivity of Two-Dimensional Metal Halide Perovskites. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:3331-3337. [PMID: 32202803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the thermal conductivities of two-dimensional metal halide perovskite films measured by time domain thermoreflectance. Depending on the molecular substructure of ammonium cations and owing to the weaker interactions in the layered structures, the thermal conductivities of our two-dimensional hybrid perovskites range from 0.10 to 0.19 W m-1 K-1, which is drastically lower than that of their three-dimensional counterparts. We use molecular dynamics simulations to show that the organic component induces a reduction of the stiffness and sound velocities along with giving rise to vibrational modes in the 5-15 THz range that are absent in the three-dimensional counterparts. By systematically studying eight different two-dimensional hybrid perovskites, we show that the thermal conductivities of our hybrid films do not depend on the thicknesses of the organic layers and instead are highly dependent on the relative orientation of the organic chains sandwiched between the inorganic constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Giri
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Alexander Z Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Alessandro Mattoni
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (CNR-IOM) Cagliari, SLACS, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Kiumars Aryana
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Depei Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Seung-Hun Lee
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Joshua J Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Patrick E Hopkins
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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34
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Mattoni A, Caddeo C. Dielectric function of hybrid perovskites at finite temperature investigated by classical molecular dynamics. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:104705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5133064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Mattoni
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (CNR - IOM) Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - C. Caddeo
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (CNR - IOM) Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, I-09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
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35
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Rathnayake PVGM, Bernardi S, Widmer-Cooper A. Evaluation of the AMOEBA force field for simulating metal halide perovskites in the solid state and in solution. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:024117. [PMID: 31941317 DOI: 10.1063/1.5131790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we compare the existing nonpolarizable force fields developed to study the solid or solution phases of hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites with the AMOEBA polarizable force field. The aim is to test whether more computationally expensive polarizable force fields like AMOEBA offer better transferability between solution and solid phases, with the ultimate goal being the study of crystal nucleation, growth, and other interfacial phenomena involving these ionic compounds. In the context of hybrid perovskites, AMOEBA force field parameters already exist for several elements in solution, and we decided to leave them unchanged and to only parameterize the missing ones (Pb2+ and CH3NH3 + ions) in order to maximize transferability and avoid overfitting to the specific examples studied here. Overall, we find that AMOEBA yields accurate hydration free energies (within 5%) for typical ionic species while showing the correct ordering of stability for the different crystal polymorphs of CsPbI3 and CH3NH3PbI3. Although the existing parameters do not accurately reproduce all transition temperatures and lattice parameters, AMOEBA offers better transferability between solution and solid states than existing nonpolarizable force fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V G M Rathnayake
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Stefano Bernardi
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Asaph Widmer-Cooper
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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36
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Wang RT, Xu AF, Chen JY, Yang LW, Xu G, Jarvis V, Britten JF. Reversing Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Degradation in Water via pH and Hydrogen Bonds. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:7245-7250. [PMID: 31689109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The moisture instability of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells has been a major obstacle to the commercialization, calling for mechanistic understanding of the degradation process, which has been under debate. Here we present a surprising discovery that the degradation is actually reversible, via in situ observation of X-ray diffraction, supported by FTIR and SEM. To isolate the hydrogen bond effect, water was replaced by methanol during the in situ experiment, revealing the decomposition to be initiated by the breakdown of N-H-I hydrogen bonds. This is followed by the step of organic iodide hydrolyzing, which can be inhibited in the neutral environment, making the whole process reversible under variable pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Taoran Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L8 , Canada
| | - Alex Fan Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L8 , Canada
| | - Jason Yuanzhe Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L8 , Canada
| | - Lory Wenjuan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L8 , Canada
| | - Gu Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L8 , Canada
| | - Victoria Jarvis
- MAX Diffraction Facility, Department of Chemistry , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4M1 , Canada
| | - James F Britten
- MAX Diffraction Facility, Department of Chemistry , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4M1 , Canada
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37
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Wang J, Li M, Shen W, Su W, He R. Ultrastable Carbon Quantum Dots-Doped MAPbBr 3 Perovskite with Silica Encapsulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:34348-34354. [PMID: 31455081 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Having suffered from intrinsic structural lability, perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) are extremely unstable under high-temperature and moisture conditions, which have greatly limited their applications. In this work, we propose a novel method to synthesize ultrastable carbon quantum dots (CQDs)-doped methylamine (MA) lead bromide PQDs with SiO2 encapsulation (CQDs-MAPbBr3@SiO2). The kernel CQDs-MAPbBr3 is formed by the interaction of carboxyl-rich CQDs with MAPbBr3 via H-bond, which greatly improves the thermal stability of CQDs-MAPbBr3. Furthermore, highly compact SiO2 encapsulates the proposed CQDs-MAPbBr3 via a facile in situ growth strategy, which effectively enhances the water resistance and air stability of CQDs-MAPbBr3@SiO2. As a result, the proposed nanomaterial shows extremely high water stability in aqueous solution for over 9 months and ideal thermal stability with strong fluorescence (FL) emission after 150 °C annealing. Based on the superior stability and ultrahigh FL efficiency of this proposed nanomaterial, a primary sensing method for ion (Ag+ and Zn2+) FL detection has been developed and the mechanism of PQDs-based ion determination has also been discussed, thus exhibiting the potential applications of CQDs-MAPbBr3@SiO2 in the area of FL assay and environment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics , Guangxi Teachers Education University , Nanning 530001 , P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics , Guangxi Teachers Education University , Nanning 530001 , P. R. China
| | - Rongxing He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
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38
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Yao CL, Li JC, Gao W, Jiang Q. Long-Term Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells under Different Growth Conditions: A Defect-Controlled Water Diffusion Mechanism. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5386-5391. [PMID: 30160489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the water-infiltration process is crucial for improving the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Although many attempts have been made in this regard, the role of growth condition in PSC synthesis, which has been observed experimentally to be essential for the stability of PSCs, remains elusive. Using first-principles tools, we demonstrate that the growth condition strongly controls the water-infiltration process of PSCs by dictating the formation of point defects on PSC surfaces. The resulting point defects are found to alter both the rate and the pathways of the water-infiltration process substantially. Our work builds a new scenario for understanding the relation between the PSC decomposition mechanism and its preparation methods; it not only sheds new insights for decrypting experimental phenomenon, but also provides important guidance for future preparation of PSCs with improved water resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cang-Lang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Chen Li
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130022 , People's Republic of China
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39
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Geng C, Xu S, Zhong H, Rogach AL, Bi W. Aqueous Synthesis of Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9650-9654. [PMID: 29878647 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Methylammonium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals offer attractive optoelectronic properties but suffer from fast degradation in the presence of water. In contradiction to this observation, we demonstrate the possibility of a direct aqueous synthesis of CH3 NH3 PbX3 (X=Br or Cl/Br) nanocrystals through the reaction between the lead halide complex and methylamine when the pH is maintained in the range of 0-5. Under these synthetic conditions, the positively charged surface of the perovskite nanocrystals and the proper ionic balance help to prevent their decomposition in water. Additional surface capping with organic amine ligands further improves the photoluminescence quantum yield of the perovskite nanocrystals to values close to 40 %, ensures their stability under ambient conditions for several months, and their photoluminescence performance under continuous 0.1 W mm-2 405 nm light irradiation for over 250 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Geng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices, School of Electronics & Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Shu Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices, School of Electronics & Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Haizheng Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Andrey L Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wengang Bi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices, School of Electronics & Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 5340 Xiping Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300401, China
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40
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Geng C, Xu S, Zhong H, Rogach AL, Bi W. Aqueous Synthesis of Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Geng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices; School of Electronics & Information Engineering; Hebei University of Technology; 5340 Xiping Road, Beichen District Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Shu Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices; School of Electronics & Information Engineering; Hebei University of Technology; 5340 Xiping Road, Beichen District Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Haizheng Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems; School of Materials Science & Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; 5 Zhongguancun South Street Haidian District, Beijing 100081 China
| | - Andrey L. Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP); City University of Hong Kong; 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wengang Bi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Electronic Materials and Devices; School of Electronics & Information Engineering; Hebei University of Technology; 5340 Xiping Road, Beichen District Tianjin 300401 China
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