1
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Liu H, Zhang T, Wu P, Lee HW, Liu Z, Tang TW, Tang SY, Kang T, Park JH, Wang J, Zhang K, Zheng X, Peng YR, Chueh YL, Liu Y, Palacios T, Kong J, Luo Z. Boosting Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Growth by Hydrogen-Free Ramping during Chemical Vapor Deposition. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 38949123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The controlled vapor-phase synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is essential for functional applications. While chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques have been successful for transition metal sulfides, extending these methods to selenides and tellurides often faces challenges due to uncertain roles of hydrogen (H2) in their synthesis. Using CVD growth of MoSe2 as an example, this study illustrates the role of a H2-free environment during temperature ramping in suppressing the reduction of MoO3, which promotes effective vaporization and selenization of the Mo precursor to form MoSe2 monolayers with excellent crystal quality. As-synthesized MoSe2 monolayer-based field-effect transistors show excellent carrier mobility of up to 20.9 cm2/(V·s) with an on-off ratio of 7 × 107. This approach can be extended to other TMDs, such as WSe2, MoTe2, and MoSe2/WSe2 in-plane heterostructures. Our work provides a rational and facile approach to reproducibly synthesize high-quality TMD monolayers, facilitating their translation from laboratory to manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hae Won Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Zhenjing Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tsz Wing Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Shin-Yi Tang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ting Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Hoon Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xudong Zheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yu-Ren Peng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Lun Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Tomás Palacios
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Zhengtang Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
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2
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Gao W, Zhi G, Zhou M, Niu T. Growth of Single Crystalline 2D Materials beyond Graphene on Non-metallic Substrates. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311317. [PMID: 38712469 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The advent of 2D materials has ushered in the exploration of their synthesis, characterization and application. While plenty of 2D materials have been synthesized on various metallic substrates, interfacial interaction significantly affects their intrinsic electronic properties. Additionally, the complex transfer process presents further challenges. In this context, experimental efforts are devoted to the direct growth on technologically important semiconductor/insulator substrates. This review aims to uncover the effects of substrate on the growth of 2D materials. The focus is on non-metallic substrate used for epitaxial growth and how this highlights the necessity for phase engineering and advanced characterization at atomic scale. Special attention is paid to monoelemental 2D structures with topological properties. The conclusion is drawn through a discussion of the requirements for integrating 2D materials with current semiconductor-based technology and the unique properties of heterostructures based on 2D materials. Overall, this review describes how 2D materials can be fabricated directly on non-metallic substrates and the exploration of growth mechanism at atomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Gao
- Tianmushan Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | | | - Miao Zhou
- Tianmushan Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tianchao Niu
- Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China
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3
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Szczerba AK, Kucharek J, Pawłowski J, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Pacuski W. Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth of Cadmium Telluride Structures on Hexagonal Boron Nitride. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:44745-44750. [PMID: 38046332 PMCID: PMC10688111 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the feasibility of the epitaxial growth of a three-dimensional semiconductor on a two-dimensional substrate. In particular, we report for the first time the molecular beam epitaxy growth of cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum wells on hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). The presence of the quantum wells is confirmed by photoluminescence measurements conducted at helium temperatures. Growth of the quantum wells on two-dimensional, almost perfectly flat hBN appears to be very different from growth on bulk substrates; in particular, it requires 70-100 °C lower temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Kucharek
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Jan Pawłowski
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research
Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Wojciech Pacuski
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
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4
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Salah A, Ren HD, Al-Ansi N, Tan H, Yu F, Yanchun L, Thamer BM, Al-Salihy A, Zhao L, Li Y. Dispersing small Ru nanoparticles into boron nitride remodified by reduced graphene oxide for high-efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 644:378-387. [PMID: 37120886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium (Ru) electrocatalysts suffer from excessive aggregation during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which hinders their practical application for hydrogen production. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a potential carrier that could solve the above problem, but its wide band gap and low conductivity become obstacles. Herein, we provide a new, facile, low-cost, and effective strategy (killing two birds with one stone) to overcome the above issues. After modifying h-BN with reduced graphene oxide (rGO), a small amount of Ru nanoparticles (NPs) (2.2 %) are dispersed into BN with approximately uniform distribution and size control of Ru nanoparticles (∼3.85 nm). The strong synergy between Ru NPs and BN@C in the optimal Ru/BN@C (Ru wt.% = 2.22 %) electrocatalyst endows it an outstanding HER activity, with small HER overpotentials (η10 = 32 mV, 35 mV) and low Tafel slopes (33.89 mV dec-1, 37.66 mV dec-1) in both 1 M KOH and 0.5 M H2SO4 media, respectively, along with good long-term stability for 50 h. Based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the addition of Ru to BN has been successful in creating fresh active sites for H*, with good possible adsorption/desorption ability (ΔGH* = -0.24 eV) while preserving low water dissociation (ΔGb = 0.46 eV) in an alkaline environment. As a result, the Ru/BN composite exhibits outstanding HER activity in both acidic and alkaline conditions. Furthermore, this study provides, for the first time, a template-free strategy to develop a good and low-cost supporter (BN) for dispersing other noble metals and the formation of highly efficient HER/OER electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwahab Salah
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China; Department of Science Curricula and Teaching Methodologies, Faculty of Education, Sana'a University, Yemen
| | - Hong-Da Ren
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Nabilah Al-Ansi
- Faculty of Chemistry, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Huaqiao Tan
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Feiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Liu Yanchun
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Badr M Thamer
- Chemistry Department, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Al-Salihy
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Yangguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
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5
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Xiao Y, Xiong C, Chen MM, Wang S, Fu L, Zhang X. Structure modulation of two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides: recent advances in methodology, mechanism and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1215-1272. [PMID: 36601686 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01016f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Together with the development of two-dimensional (2D) materials, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have become one of the most popular series of model materials for fundamental sciences and practical applications. Due to the ever-growing requirements of customization and multi-function, dozens of modulated structures have been introduced in TMDs. In this review, we present a systematic and comprehensive overview of the structure modulation of TMDs, including point, linear and out-of-plane structures, following and updating the conventional classification for silicon and related bulk semiconductors. In particular, we focus on the structural characteristics of modulated TMD structures and analyse the corresponding root causes. We also summarize the recent progress in modulating methods, mechanisms, properties and applications based on modulated TMD structures. Finally, we demonstrate challenges and prospects in the structure modulation of TMDs and forecast potential directions about what and how breakthroughs can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Chengyi Xiong
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Miao-Miao Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Fu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China. .,College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
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6
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Wang S, Liu X, Xu M, Liu L, Yang D, Zhou P. Two-dimensional devices and integration towards the silicon lines. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:1225-1239. [PMID: 36284239 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite technical efforts and upgrades, advances in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor circuits have become unsustainable in the face of inherent silicon limits. New materials are being sought to compensate for silicon deficiencies, and two-dimensional materials are considered promising candidates due to their atomically thin structures and exotic physical properties. However, a potentially applicable method for incorporating two-dimensional materials into silicon platforms remains to be illustrated. Here we try to bridge two-dimensional materials and silicon technology, from integrated devices to monolithic 'on-silicon' (silicon as the substrate) and 'with-silicon' (silicon as a functional component) circuits, and discuss the corresponding requirements for material synthesis, device design and circuitry integration. Finally, we summarize the role played by two-dimensional materials in the silicon-dominated semiconductor industry and suggest the way forward, as well as the technologies that are expected to become mainstream in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiyuan Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Future Computing Hardware and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxian Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Future Computing Hardware and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingsheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Micro-Nano Electronics & Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Frontier Institute of Chip and System & Qizhi Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Micro-Nano Electronics & Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Shanghai Key Lab for Future Computing Hardware and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Frontier Institute of Chip and System & Qizhi Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Hubei Yangtze Memory Laboratories, Wuhan, China.
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7
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Filipovic L, Selberherr S. Application of Two-Dimensional Materials towards CMOS-Integrated Gas Sensors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12203651. [PMID: 36296844 PMCID: PMC9611560 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
During the last few decades, the microelectronics industry has actively been investigating the potential for the functional integration of semiconductor-based devices beyond digital logic and memory, which includes RF and analog circuits, biochips, and sensors, on the same chip. In the case of gas sensor integration, it is necessary that future devices can be manufactured using a fabrication technology which is also compatible with the processes applied to digital logic transistors. This will likely involve adopting the mature complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication technique or a technique which is compatible with CMOS due to the inherent low costs, scalability, and potential for mass production that this technology provides. While chemiresistive semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) gas sensors have been the principal semiconductor-based gas sensor technology investigated in the past, resulting in their eventual commercialization, they need high-temperature operation to provide sufficient energies for the surface chemical reactions essential for the molecular detection of gases in the ambient. Therefore, the integration of a microheater in a MEMS structure is a requirement, which can be quite complex. This is, therefore, undesirable and room temperature, or at least near-room temperature, solutions are readily being investigated and sought after. Room-temperature SMO operation has been achieved using UV illumination, but this further complicates CMOS integration. Recent studies suggest that two-dimensional (2D) materials may offer a solution to this problem since they have a high likelihood for integration with sophisticated CMOS fabrication while also providing a high sensitivity towards a plethora of gases of interest, even at room temperature. This review discusses many types of promising 2D materials which show high potential for integration as channel materials for digital logic field effect transistors (FETs) as well as chemiresistive and FET-based sensing films, due to the presence of a sufficiently wide band gap. This excludes graphene from this review, while recent achievements in gas sensing with graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), phosphorene, and MXenes are examined.
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8
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Liu L, Li T, Ma L, Li W, Gao S, Sun W, Dong R, Zou X, Fan D, Shao L, Gu C, Dai N, Yu Z, Chen X, Tu X, Nie Y, Wang P, Wang J, Shi Y, Wang X. Uniform nucleation and epitaxy of bilayer molybdenum disulfide on sapphire. Nature 2022; 605:69-75. [PMID: 35508774 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04523-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are of interest for beyond-silicon electronics1,2. It has been suggested that bilayer TMDs, which combine good electrostatic control, smaller bandgap and higher mobility than monolayers, could potentially provide improvements in the energy-delay product of transistors3-5. However, despite advances in the growth of monolayer TMDs6-14, the controlled epitaxial growth of multilayers remains a challenge15. Here we report the uniform nucleation (>99%) of bilayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) on c-plane sapphire. In particular, we engineer the atomic terrace height on c-plane sapphire to enable an edge-nucleation mechanism and the coalescence of MoS2 domains into continuous, centimetre-scale films. Fabricated field-effect transistor (FET) devices based on bilayer MoS2 channels show substantial improvements in mobility (up to 122.6 cm2 V-1 s-1) and variation compared with FETs based on monolayer films. Furthermore, short-channel FETs exhibit an on-state current of 1.27 mA μm-1, which exceeds the 2028 roadmap target for high-performance FETs16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Taotao Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Liang Ma
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Weisheng Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Si Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruikang Dong
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xilu Zou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongxu Fan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangwei Shao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenyi Gu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningxuan Dai
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihao Yu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuecou Tu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuefeng Nie
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinlan Wang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yi Shi
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinran Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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9
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Xiong R, Shu Y, Yang X, Zhang Y, Wen C, Anpo M, Wu B, Sa B. Direct Z-scheme WTe 2/InSe van der Waals heterostructure for overall water splitting. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00107a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
WTe2/InSe is a direct Z-scheme vdW heterostructure for water splitting. The Te-vacancy can effectively lower the energy of the HER, and the overall water splitting can proceed spontaneously on the surface of the WTe2/InSe heterostructure when pH > 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yu Shu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Xuhui Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007 Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Yinggan Zhang
- College of Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Cuilian Wen
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Masakazu Anpo
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Baisheng Sa
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
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10
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Wang G, Chang J, Guo SD, Wu W, Tang W, Guo H, Dang S, Wang R, Ang YS. MoSSe/Hf(Zr)S 2 heterostructures used for efficient Z-scheme photocatalytic water-splitting. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:25287-25297. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03764e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
HfS2/SMoSe, HfS2/SeMoS, ZrS2/SMoSe, and ZrS2/SeMoS heterostructures are promising overall water-splitting photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Extraordinary Bond Engineering and Advanced Materials Technology of Chongqing, School of Electronic Information Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China
- Institute for Structure and Function & Department of Physics & Chongqing Key Laboratory for Strongly Coupled Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Chongqing Jiulongyuan High-tech Industry Group Co., Ltd, Chongqing 400080, China
| | - Junli Chang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - San-Dong Guo
- School of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
| | - Weikang Wu
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Wenyi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Extraordinary Bond Engineering and Advanced Materials Technology of Chongqing, School of Electronic Information Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China
| | - Hao Guo
- School of Urban Construction, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Suihu Dang
- Key Laboratory of Extraordinary Bond Engineering and Advanced Materials Technology of Chongqing, School of Electronic Information Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Institute for Structure and Function & Department of Physics & Chongqing Key Laboratory for Strongly Coupled Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yee Sin Ang
- Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
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11
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Sun J, Dai K, Xia W, Chen J, Jiang K, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhu L, Shang L, Hu Z, Chu J. Thermal Conductivity of Large-Area Polycrystalline MoSe 2 Films Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:30526-30533. [PMID: 34805681 PMCID: PMC8600615 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
It is of great importance to understand the thermal properties of MoSe2 films for electronic and optoelectronic applications. In this work, large-area polycrystalline MoSe2 films are prepared using a low-cost, controllable, large-scale, and repeatable chemical vapor deposition method, which facilitates direct device fabrication. Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns indicate a hexagonal (2H) crystal structure of the MoSe2 film. Ellipsometric spectra analysis indicates that the optical band gap of the MoSe2 film is estimated to be ∼1.23 eV. From the analysis of the temperature-dependent and laser-power-dependent Raman spectra, the thermal conductivity of the suspended MoSe2 films is found to be ∼28.48 W/(m·K) at room temperature. The results can provide useful guidance for an effective thermal management of large-area polycrystalline MoSe2-based electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kai Dai
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liangqing Zhu
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liyan Shang
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhigao Hu
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi
University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
- Shanghai
Institute of Intelligent Electronics & Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junhao Chu
- Technical
Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai),
Department of Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi
University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
- Shanghai
Institute of Intelligent Electronics & Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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12
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Ludwiczak K, Da̧browska AK, Binder J, Tokarczyk M, Iwański J, Kurowska B, Turczyński J, Kowalski G, Bożek R, Stȩpniewski R, Pacuski W, Wysmołek A. Heteroepitaxial Growth of High Optical Quality, Wafer-Scale van der Waals Heterostrucutres. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:47904-47911. [PMID: 34606228 PMCID: PMC8517960 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are materials that can exhibit intriguing optical properties like a change of the bandgap from indirect to direct when being thinned down to a monolayer. Well-resolved narrow excitonic resonances can be observed for such monolayers although only for materials of sufficient crystalline quality and so far mostly available in the form of micrometer-sized flakes. A further significant improvement of optical and electrical properties can be achieved by transferring the TMD on hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). To exploit the full potential of TMDs in future applications, epitaxial techniques have to be developed that not only allow the growth of large-scale, high-quality TMD monolayers but also allow the growth to be performed directly on large-scale epitaxial hBN. In this work, we address this problem and demonstrate that MoSe2 of high optical quality can be directly grown on epitaxial hBN on an entire 2 in. wafer. We developed a combined growth theme for which hBN is first synthesized at high temperature by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) and as a second step MoSe2 is deposited on top by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) at much lower temperatures. We show that this structure exhibits excellent optical properties, manifested by narrow excitonic lines in the photoluminescence spectra. Moreover, the material is homogeneous on the area of the whole 2 in. wafer with only ±0.14 meV deviation of excitonic energy. Our mixed growth technique may guide the way for future large-scale production of high quality TMD/hBN heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ludwiczak
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Johannes Binder
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Tokarczyk
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Iwański
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogusława Kurowska
- Institute
of Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Turczyński
- Institute
of Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kowalski
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Bożek
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roman Stȩpniewski
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Pacuski
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wysmołek
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Shen H, Zhang Y, Wang G, Ji W, Xue X, Zhang W. Janus PtXO (X = S, Se) monolayers: the visible light driven water splitting photocatalysts with high carrier mobilities. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:21825-21832. [PMID: 34553718 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02526k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Triggered by the recent experimental synthesis of the Janus PtSSe monolayer, we use the first-principles calculations to predict two new Janus photocatalysts PtXO (X = S, Se), based on the systematic investigations of the structural stabilities, electronic structures, band alignments, catalytic activity and optical absorption. The two Janus structures are found to be mechanically, dynamically and thermodynamically stable, and have suitable band edge positions for the overall water splitting. Owing to the high electron mobility (up to 2164.95 cm2 V-1 s-1) and large disparity between the electron and hole mobilities, together with the indirect band gaps and the intrinsic dipole induced built-in electric fields, the photogenerated electrons/holes can be efficiently separated in PtXO. Moreover, the S/Se vacancy can effectively lower the free energy difference of the HER, making the catalytic reactions occur spontaneously under the potentials of photoexcited electrons and holes. Large optical absorption coefficients (105 cm-1) are also confirmed in the visible light range, and the biaxial tensile strain can further enhance the optical absorption while maintaining the capability of the overall water splitting. Our results not only propose two new Janus materials by demonstrating the possibility of experimental realization, but also indicate that PtXO are peculiar candidates for photocatalytic water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Shen
- Physicochemical Group of College of Criminal Science and Technology & Forensic Center of Public Security of Bureau of National Forestry Bureau, Nanjing Forest Police College, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Physicochemical Group of College of Criminal Science and Technology & Forensic Center of Public Security of Bureau of National Forestry Bureau, Nanjing Forest Police College, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Guangzhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Extraordinary Bond Engineering and Advanced Materials Technology of Chongqing, School of Electronic Information Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China
| | - Weixiao Ji
- Spintronics Institute, School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiaoming Xue
- Physicochemical Group of College of Criminal Science and Technology & Forensic Center of Public Security of Bureau of National Forestry Bureau, Nanjing Forest Police College, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Physicochemical Group of College of Criminal Science and Technology & Forensic Center of Public Security of Bureau of National Forestry Bureau, Nanjing Forest Police College, Nanjing 210023, China. .,NNU-SULI Thermal Energy Research Center, Center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy Science (CQTES), School of Physics and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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14
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Stefanou G, Menges F, Boehm B, Moran KA, Adams J, Ali M, Rosamond MC, Gotsmann B, Allenspach R, Burnell G, Hickey BJ. Scanning Thermal Microscopy and Ballistic Phonon Transport in Lateral Spin Valves. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:035901. [PMID: 34328759 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.035901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Using scanning thermal microscopy, we have mapped the spatial distribution of temperatures in an operating nanoscale device formed from a magnetic injector, an Ag connecting wire, and a magnetic detector. An analytical model explained the thermal diffusion over the measured temperature range (2-300 K) and injector-detector separation (400-3000 nm). The characteristic diffusion lengths of the Peltier and Joule heat differ remarkably below 60 K, a fact that can be explained by the onset of ballistic phonon heat transfer in the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stefanou
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - F Menges
- IBM Research-Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - B Boehm
- IBM Research-Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - K A Moran
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - J Adams
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - M Ali
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - M C Rosamond
- School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - B Gotsmann
- IBM Research-Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - R Allenspach
- IBM Research-Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - G Burnell
- IBM Research-Zurich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - B J Hickey
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, United Kingdom
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15
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Yu Y, Zhou J, Guo Z, Sun Z. Novel Two-Dimensional Janus MoSiGeN 4 and WSiGeN 4 as Highly Efficient Photocatalysts for Spontaneous Overall Water Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28090-28097. [PMID: 34115478 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Searching for highly efficient and eco-friendly photocatalysts for water splitting is essential for renewable conversion and storage of inexhaustible solar energy but remains a great challenge. Herein, based on the new emerging two-dimensional (2D) material of MoSi2N4, we report novel Janus MoSiGeN4 and WSiGeN4 structures with excellent stabilities and great potentials in photocatalytic applications through first-principles calculations. Comprehensive studies show that MoSi2N4, MoSiGeN4, and WSiGeN4 exhibit semiconductor characteristics with an indirect gap, appropriate band gaps, and strong optical absorbance in the visible spectrum. Excitingly, by constructing Janus structures, an intrinsic electric field is realized that enhances the spatial separation and anisotropic migration of photoexcited electrons and holes. Further, this strategy can also alter the band alignment to provide an adequate photoexcited carrier driving force for water redox reactions. Moreover, the surface N vacancy can effectively lower the energy demand of both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) so that the catalytic process can be self-sustained under the potential provided by the photocatalyst alone. Particularly, the overall water splitting can proceed simultaneously and spontaneously on the surface of MoSiGeN4 and WSiGeN4 when pH is 3 or ≥8, respectively. These explorations offer new prospects for the design of highly efficient photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Centre for Integrated Computational Materials Science, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Centre for Integrated Computational Materials Science, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhonglu Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Boron Nitride Micro and Nano Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Zhimei Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Centre for Integrated Computational Materials Science, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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16
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Yan H, Yu T, Li H, Li Z, Tang H, Hu H, Yu H, Yin S. Synthesis of large-area monolayer and few-layer MoSe 2 continuous films by chemical vapor deposition without hydrogen assistance and formation mechanism. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:8922-8930. [PMID: 33955448 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00552a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two dimensional (2D) MoSe2 with a layered structure has attracted extensive research due to its excellent electronic and optical properties. The controlled synthesis of large-scale and high-quality MoSe2 is highly desirable but still remains challenging. Ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) is an excellent method for the synthesis of 2D materials but the inevitable use of hydrogen during the growth and the easy formation of cracks in the ultrathin films still need to be solved. In the present work, we reported the synthesis of large-area continuous MoSe2 films with different layers by the APCVD method without the assistance of hydrogen on SiO2/Si substrates just by raising the reaction temperature of Se. The synthesized continuous MoSe2 films can reach several centimeters, which can be seen clearly by naked eyes, and, more importantly, the size of the monolayer film can reach up to 3 mm. The morphology, structural characteristics, and optical properties of the synthesized MoSe2 films have been investigated, demonstrating good performance and high crystallinity of the films. Raman spectra give the empirical expression of the frequency difference between E2g1 and A1g dependence of the layer number (N = 1-10 L) for CVD grown MoSe2, which is useful in layer number identification. Further, the formation mechanism of the MoSe2 continuous film is of interest as a fundamental scientific problem and needs to be studied. We proposed the wing model, boundary layer theory, and diffusion theory to account quantitatively for the formation behavior of the MoSe2 film. The presented facile growth method and theoretical model are useful to synthesize other ultrathin transition metal dichalcogenide films and understand the formation behaviors of the systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China. and Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, Institute of Functional Crystal, Tianjin University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China. and Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, Institute of Functional Crystal, Tianjin University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Heng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors and Applications, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China and Jiujiang Research Institute of Xiamen University, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Zhuocheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China. and Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, Institute of Functional Crystal, Tianjin University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Haitao Tang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Hangwei Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Hao Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China. and Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, Institute of Functional Crystal, Tianjin University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Shougen Yin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China. and Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, Institute of Functional Crystal, Tianjin University of Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300384, China
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17
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Prucnal S, Hashemi A, Ghorbani-Asl M, Hübner R, Duan J, Wei Y, Sharma D, Zahn DRT, Ziegenrücker R, Kentsch U, Krasheninnikov AV, Helm M, Zhou S. Chlorine doping of MoSe 2 flakes by ion implantation. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5834-5846. [PMID: 33720250 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08935d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The efficient integration of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) into the current electronic device technology requires mastering the techniques of effective tuning of their optoelectronic properties. Specifically, controllable doping is essential. For conventional bulk semiconductors, ion implantation is the most developed method offering stable and tunable doping. In this work, we demonstrate n-type doping in MoSe2 flakes realized by low-energy ion implantation of Cl+ ions followed by millisecond-range flash lamp annealing (FLA). We further show that FLA for 3 ms with a peak temperature of about 1000 °C is enough to recrystallize implanted MoSe2. The Cl distribution in few-layer-thick MoSe2 is measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. An increase in the electron concentration with increasing Cl fluence is determined from the softening and red shift of the Raman-active A1g phonon mode due to the Fano effect. The electrical measurements confirm the n-type doping of Cl-implanted MoSe2. A comparison of the results of our density functional theory calculations and experimental temperature-dependent micro-Raman spectroscopy data indicates that Cl atoms are incorporated into the atomic network of MoSe2 as substitutional donor impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slawomir Prucnal
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, P.O. Box 510119, 01314 Dresden, Germany.
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18
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Zhao X, Loh KP, Pennycook SJ. Electron beam triggered single-atom dynamics in two-dimensional materials. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:063001. [PMID: 33007771 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abbdb9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Controlling atomic structure and dynamics with single-atom precision is the ultimate goal in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Despite great successes being achieved by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) over the past a few decades, fundamental limitations, such as ultralow temperature, and low throughput, significantly hinder the fabrication of a large array of atomically defined structures by STM. The advent of aberration correction in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) revolutionized the field of nanomaterials characterization pushing the detection limit down to single-atom sensitivity. The sub-angstrom focused electron beam (e-beam) of STEM is capable of interacting with an individual atom, thereby it is the ideal platform to direct and control matter at the level of a single atom or a small cluster. In this article, we discuss the transfer of energy and momentum from the incident e-beam to atoms and their subsequent potential dynamics under different e-beam conditions in 2D materials, particularly transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Next, we systematically discuss the e-beam triggered structural evolutions of atomic defects, line defects, grain boundaries, and stacking faults in a few representative 2D materials. Their formation mechanisms, kinetic paths, and practical applications are comprehensively discussed. We show that desired structural evolution or atom-by-atom assembly can be precisely manipulated by e-beam irradiation which could introduce intriguing functionalities to 2D materials. In particular, we highlight the recent progress on controlling single Si atom migration in real-time on monolayer graphene along an extended path with high throughput in automated STEM. These results unprecedentedly demonstrate that single-atom dynamics can be realized by an atomically focused e-beam. With the burgeoning of artificial intelligence and big data, we can expect that fully automated microscopes with real-time data analysis and feedback could readily design and fabricate large scale nanostructures with unique functionalities in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Stephen J Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore
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19
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He Z, Wei T, Huang W, Zhou W, Hu P, Xie Z, Chen H, Wu S, Li S. Electrostatically Enhanced Electron-Phonon Interaction in Monolayer 2H-MoSe 2 Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:44067-44073. [PMID: 32901478 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The enhancement of electron-phonon interaction provides a reasonable explanation for gate-tunable phonon properties in some semiconductors where multiple inequivalent valleys are simultaneously occupied upon charge doping, especially in few-layer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). In this work, we report var der Waals epitaxy of 2H-MoSe2 by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and gate-tunable phonon properties in monolayer and bilayer MoSe2. In monolayer MoSe2, we find that out-of-plane phonon mode A1g exhibits a strong softening and shifting toward lower wavenumbers at a high electron doping level, while in-plane phonon mode E2g1 remains unchanged. The softening and shifting of the out-of-plane phonon mode could be attributed to the increase of electron-phonon interaction and the simultaneous occupation of electrons in multiple inequivalent valleys. In bilayer MoSe2, no corresponding changes of phonon modes are detected at the same doping level, which could originate from the occupation of electrons only in single valleys upon high electron doping. This study demonstrates electrostatically enhanced electron-phonon interaction in monolayer MoSe2 and clarifies the relevance between occupation of multiple valleys and phonon properties by comparing Raman spectra of monolayer and bilayer MoSe2 at different doping levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyao Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuchao Huang
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Huizhou University, No. 46, Yanda Road, Huizhou 516000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxiang Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuwei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
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20
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Dai TJ, Chen YQ, Zhou ZY, Sun J, Peng XS, Liu XZ. Two-dimensional MoSe2/graphene heterostructure thin film with wafer-scale continuity via van der Waals epitaxy. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Yang Q, Kou L, Hu X, Wang Y, Lu C, Krasheninnikov AV, Sun L. Strain robust spin gapless semiconductors/half-metals in transition metal embedded MoSe 2monolayer. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:365305. [PMID: 32369800 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The realization of spin gapless semiconductor (SGS) and half-metal (HM) behavior in two-dimensional (2D) transition metal (TM) dichalcogenides is highly desirable for their applications in spintronic devices. Here, using density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that Fe, Co, Ni substitutional impurities can not only induce magnetism in MoSe2monolayer, but also convert the semiconducting MoSe2to SGS/HM system. We also study the effects of mechanical strain on the electronic and magnetic properties of the doped monolayer. We show that for all TM impurities we considered, the system exhibits the robust SGS/HM behavior regardless of biaxial strain values. Moreover, it is found that the magnetic properties of TM-MoSe2can effectively be tuned under biaxial strain by controlling the spin polarization of the 3dorbitals of Fe, Co, Ni atoms. Our findings offer a new route to designing the SGS/HM properties and modulating magnetic characteristics of the TM-MoSe2system and may also facilitate the implementation of SGS/HM behavior and realization of spintronic devices based on other 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangzhi Kou
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Garden Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Arkady V Krasheninnikov
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01314 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, PO Box 11100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Litao Sun
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
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22
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Pacuski W, Grzeszczyk M, Nogajewski K, Bogucki A, Oreszczuk K, Kucharek J, Połczyńska KE, Seredyński B, Rodek A, Bożek R, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Kret S, Sadowski J, Kazimierczuk T, Potemski M, Kossacki P. Narrow Excitonic Lines and Large-Scale Homogeneity of Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy on Hexagonal Boron Nitride. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:3058-3066. [PMID: 32105481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) manifest exceptional optical properties related to narrow excitonic resonances. However, these properties have been so far explored only for structures produced by techniques inducing considerable large-scale inhomogeneity. In contrast, techniques which are essentially free from this disadvantage, such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), have to date yielded only structures characterized by considerable spectral broadening, which hinders most of the interesting optical effects. Here, we report for the first time on the MBE-grown TMD exhibiting narrow and resolved spectral lines of neutral and charged exciton. Moreover, our material exhibits unprecedented high homogeneity of optical properties, with variation of the exciton energy as small as ±0.16 meV over a distance of tens of micrometers. Our recipe for MBE growth is presented for MoSe2 and includes the use of atomically flat hexagonal boron nitride substrate. This recipe opens a possibility of producing TMD heterostructures with optical quality, dimensions, and homogeneity required for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Pacuski
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Grzeszczyk
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Nogajewski
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Bogucki
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kacper Oreszczuk
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julia Kucharek
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina E Połczyńska
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Seredyński
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Rodek
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Bożek
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Slawomir Kret
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Sadowski
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Tomasz Kazimierczuk
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Potemski
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, CNRS-UJF-UPS-INSA, 25 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Piotr Kossacki
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura St. 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Wei Y, Hu C, Li Y, Hu X, Hohage M, Sun L. Growth oscillation of MoSe 2 monolayers observed by differential reflectance spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:155001. [PMID: 31851955 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab634b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The precisely controlled growth of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers requires sensitive and nondestructive techniques to monitor the morphology and coverage in situ and in real time. In the current work, differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) was applied to monitor the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of atomically thin MoSe2 layers on mica. The optical evolution exhibits an oscillation with monolayer periodicity, revealing a two-dimensional (2D) layer-by-layer growth of the MoSe2 thin films. The observed sensitivity of DRS to the step density is associated to the modified electronic structures at the edges of TMDC monolayers. As DRS works in any transparent ambient, we speculate that it could be of great use for realizing precisely controlled growth of TMDC monolayers using not only MBE but also chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Nanchang Institute for Microtechnology of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District 300072 Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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24
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Deng Y, Lai Y, Zhao X, Wang X, Zhu C, Huang K, Zhu C, Zhou J, Zeng Q, Duan R, Fu Q, Kang L, Liu Y, Pennycook SJ, Wang XR, Liu Z. Controlled Growth of 3R Phase Tantalum Diselenide and Its Enhanced Superconductivity. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2948-2955. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuanming Lai
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences & School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Chao Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Ke Huang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences & School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Chao Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Qingsheng Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Ruihuan Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Qundong Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Lixing Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Stephen J. Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - X. Renshaw Wang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences & School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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25
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Wang X, Yang H, Zheng J, Li Y, Peng X, Qiao L, Wang Z, Wang Q, Han J, Xiao W. Controllable growth of transition metal dichalcogenide multilayer flakes with kirigami structures. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01838g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
2D TMDCs with triangular-shaped and hexagonal-shaped kirigami structures are grown on amorphous SiO2 substrates by chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
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26
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Fan Y, Wang J, Zhao M. Spontaneous full photocatalytic water splitting on 2D MoSe 2/SnSe 2 and WSe 2/SnSe 2 vdW heterostructures. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:14836-14843. [PMID: 31355831 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03469b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous full photocatalytic water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen under visible light irradiation without the need for sacrificial agents is a challenging task, because suitable band gaps, low overpotentials for both half-reactions and spatially-separated catalytic sites should be fulfilled simultaneously in a photocatalytic system. Here, we propose a promising strategy to achieve this goal by constructing van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Using first-principles calculations, we predict two promising photocatalysts, MoSe2/SnSe2 and WSe2/SnSe2 heterostructures, with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) taking place separately on the MoSe2 (WSe2) and SnSe2 layers. More excitingly, the Se-vacancy of the MoSe2 (WSe2) monolayer effectively lowers the HER overpotential, making the catalytic reactions occur spontaneously under the potentials solely provided by the photo-generated electrons and holes in pure water. The unique band alignment of these hetero-structured photocatalysts leads to high solar-to-hydrogen (STH) energy conversion efficiencies up to 10.5%, which is quite promising for commercial applications. This work opens up an avenue for the design of highly-efficient photocatalysts for full water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingcai Fan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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27
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He Q, Li P, Wu Z, Yuan B, Luo Z, Yang W, Liu J, Cao G, Zhang W, Shen Y, Zhang P, Liu S, Shao G, Yao Z. Molecular Beam Epitaxy Scalable Growth of Wafer-Scale Continuous Semiconducting Monolayer MoTe 2 on Inert Amorphous Dielectrics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901578. [PMID: 31199026 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer MoTe2 , with the narrowest direct bandgap of ≈1.1 eV among Mo- and W-based transition metal dichalcogenides, has attracted increasing attention as a promising candidate for applications in novel near-infrared electronics and optoelectronics. Realizing 2D lateral growth is an essential prerequisite for uniform thickness and property control over the large scale, while it is not successful yet. Here, layer-by-layer growth of 2 in. wafer-scale continuous monolayer 2H-MoTe2 films on inert SiO2 dielectrics by molecular beam epitaxy is reported. A single-step Mo-flux controlled nucleation and growth process is developed to suppress island growth. Atomically flat 2H-MoTe2 with 100% monolayer coverage is successfully grown on inert 2 in. SiO2 /Si wafer, which exhibits highly uniform in-plane structural continuity and excellent phonon-limited carrier transport behavior. The dynamics-controlled growth recipe is also extended to fabricate continuous monolayer 2H-MoTe2 on atomic-layer-deposited Al2 O3 dielectric. With the breakthrough in growth of wafer-scale continuous 2H-MoTe2 monolayers on device compatible dielectrics, batch fabrication of high-mobility monolayer 2H-MoTe2 field-effect transistors and the three-level integration of vertically stacked monolayer 2H-MoTe2 transistor arrays for 3D circuitry are successfully demonstrated. This work provides novel insights into the scalable synthesis of monolayer 2H-MoTe2 films on universal substrates and paves the way for the ultimate miniaturization of electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan He
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Pengji Li
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhiheng Wu
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Process Research R&D Array Technology Department, Visionox Technology Co., Ltd., Gu'an New Industry Park, Langfang, 065500, P. R. China
| | - Zhongtao Luo
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Guoqin Cao
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Institutes for Renewable Energy and Environmental Technologies, University of Bolton, Bolton, BL3 5AB, UK
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yonglong Shen
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Suilin Liu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Guosheng Shao
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Yao
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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28
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Zhao X, Ji Y, Chen J, Fu W, Dan J, Liu Y, Pennycook SJ, Zhou W, Loh KP. Healing of Planar Defects in 2D Materials via Grain Boundary Sliding. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900237. [PMID: 30811670 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms and kinetics of defect annihilations, particularly at the atomic scale, is important for the preparation of high-quality crystals for realizing the full potential of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) in electronics and quantum photonics. Herein, by performing in situ annealing experiments in an atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscope, it is found that stacking faults and rotational disorders in multilayered 2D crystals can be healed by grain boundary (GB) sliding, which works like a "wiper blade" to correct all metastable phases into thermodynamically stable phases along its trace. The driving force for GB sliding is the gain in interlayer binding energy as the more stable phase grows at the expanse of the metastable ones. Density functional theory calculations show that the correction of 2D stacking faults is triggered by the ejection of Mo atoms in mirror twin boundaries, followed by the collective migrations of 1D GB. The study highlights the role of the often-neglected interlayer interactions for defect repair in 2D materials and shows that exploiting these interactions has significant potential for obtaining large-scale defect-free 2D films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 13 Centre for Life Sciences, #05-01, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Yujin Ji
- Texas Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jianyi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Jiadong Dan
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 13 Centre for Life Sciences, #05-01, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Yuanyue Liu
- Texas Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Stephen J Pennycook
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 13 Centre for Life Sciences, #05-01, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Wu Zhou
- School of Physical Sciences and CAS Centre for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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29
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Poh SM, Tan SJR, Wang H, Song P, Abidi IH, Zhao X, Dan J, Chen J, Luo Z, Pennycook SJ, Castro Neto AH, Loh KP. Molecular-Beam Epitaxy of Two-Dimensional In 2Se 3 and Its Giant Electroresistance Switching in Ferroresistive Memory Junction. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6340-6346. [PMID: 30192558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectric thin film has attracted great interest for nonvolatile memory applications and can be used in either ferroelectric Schottky diodes or ferroelectric tunneling junctions due to its promise of fast switching speed, high on-to-off ratio, and nondestructive readout. Two-dimensional α-phase indium selenide (In2Se3), which has a modest band gap and robust ferroelectric properties stabilized by dipole locking, is an excellent candidate for multidirectional piezoelectric and switchable photodiode applications. However, the large-scale synthesis of this material is still elusive, and its performance as a ferroresistive memory junction is rarely reported. Here, we report the low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) of large-area monolayer α-In2Se3 on graphene and demonstrate the use of α-In2Se3 on graphene in ferroelectric Schottky diode junctions by employing high-work-function gold as the top electrode. The polarization-modulated Schottky barrier formed at the interface exhibits a giant electroresistance ratio of 3.9 × 106 with a readout current density of >12 A/cm2, which is more than 200% higher than the state-of-the-art technology. Our MBE growth method allows a high-quality ultrathin film of In2Se3 to be heteroepitaxially grown on graphene, thereby simplifying the fabrication of high-performance 2D ferroelectric junctions for ferroresistive memory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sock Mui Poh
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering , Centre for Life Sciences No. 05-01 , 28 Medical Drive , 117456 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Science Drive 3 , 117543 Singapore
| | - Sherman Jun Rong Tan
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering , Centre for Life Sciences No. 05-01 , 28 Medical Drive , 117456 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Science Drive 3 , 117543 Singapore
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National University of Singapore , 117575 Singapore
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Science Drive 3 , 117543 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre , National University of Singapore , 117546 Singapore
| | - Irfan H Abidi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering , Centre for Life Sciences No. 05-01 , 28 Medical Drive , 117456 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Science Drive 3 , 117543 Singapore
| | - Jiadong Dan
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering , Centre for Life Sciences No. 05-01 , 28 Medical Drive , 117456 Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National University of Singapore , 117575 Singapore
| | - Jingsheng Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National University of Singapore , 117575 Singapore
| | - Zhengtang Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Stephen J Pennycook
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering , Centre for Life Sciences No. 05-01 , 28 Medical Drive , 117456 Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National University of Singapore , 117575 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre , National University of Singapore , 117546 Singapore
| | - Antonio H Castro Neto
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre , National University of Singapore , 117546 Singapore
- Department of Physics , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 2 , 117542 Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Science Drive 3 , 117543 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre , National University of Singapore , 117546 Singapore
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