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Farkas E, Dóra Kovács K, Szekacs I, Peter B, Lagzi I, Kitahata H, Suematsu NJ, Horvath R. Kinetic monitoring of molecular interactions during surfactant-driven self-propelled droplet motion by high spatial resolution waveguide sensing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2025; 677:352-364. [PMID: 39151228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Self-driven actions, like motion, are fundamental characteristics of life. Today, intense research focuses on the kinetics of droplet motion. Quantifying macroscopic motion and exploring the underlying mechanisms are crucial in self-structuring and self-healing materials, advancements in soft robotics, innovations in self-cleaning environmental processes, and progress within the pharmaceutical industry. Usually, the driving forces inducing macroscopic motion act at the molecular scale, making their real-time and high-resolution investigation challenging. Label-free surface sensitive measurements with high lateral resolution could in situ measure both molecular-scale interactions and microscopic motion. EXPERIMENTS We employ surface-sensitive label-free sensors to investigate the kinetic changes in a self-assembled monolayer of the trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium chloride surfactant on a substrate surface during the self-propelled motion of nitrobenzene droplets. The adsorption-desorption of the surfactant at various concentrations, its removal due to the moving organic droplet, and rebuilding mechanisms at droplet-visited areas are all investigated with excellent time, spatial, and surface mass density resolution. FINDINGS We discovered concentration dependent velocity fluctuations, estimated the adsorbed amount of surfactant molecules, and revealed multilayer coverage at high concentrations. The desorption rate of surfactant (18.4 s-1) during the microscopic motion of oil droplets was determined by in situ differentiating between droplet visited and non-visited areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eniko Farkas
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kinga Dóra Kovács
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Inna Szekacs
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Peter
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Lagzi
- Department of Physics, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Muegyetem rkp. 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary; HUN-REN-BME Condensed Matter Physics Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Muegyetem rkp. 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hiroyuki Kitahata
- Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko J Suematsu
- Meiji Institute of Advanced Study of Mathematical Sciences (MIMS), Meiji University, 4-21-1 Nakano, Tokyo 164-8525, Japan; Graduate School of Advanced Mathematical Sciences, Meiji University, 4-21-1 Nakano, Tokyo 164-8525, Japan.
| | - Robert Horvath
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.
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Pillai RG, Azyat K, Chan NWC, Jemere AB. Rapid assembly of mixed thiols for toll-like receptor-based electrochemical pathogen sensing. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:7021-7032. [PMID: 39283241 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00983e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a rapid and facile fabrication of electrochemical sensors utilizing two different toll-like receptor (TLR) proteins as biorecognition elements to detect bacterial pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Using potential-assisted self-assembly, binary mixtures of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) and 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH), or MUA and an in-house synthesized zwitterionic sulfobetaine thiol (DPS) were assembled on a gold working electrode within 5 minutes, which is >200 times shorter than other TLR sensors' preparation time. Electrochemical methods and X-ray photoelectron microscopy were used to characterize the SAM layers. SAMs composed of the betaine terminated thiol exhibited superior resistance to nonspecific interactions, and were used to develop the TLR sensors. Biosensors containing two individually immobilized TLRs (TLR4 and TLR9) were fabricated on separate MUA-DPS SAM modified Au electrodes (MUA-DPS/Au) and tested for their response towards their respective PAMPs. The changes to electron transfer resistance in EIS of the TLR4/MUA-DPS/Au sensor showed a detection limit of 4 ng mL-1 for E. coli 0157:H7 endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and a dynamic range of up to 1000 ng mL-1. The TLR4-based sensor showed negligible response when tested with LPS spiked human plasma samples, showing no interference from the plasma matrix. The TLR9/MUA-DPS/Au sensor responded linearly up to 350 μg mL-1 bacterial DNA, with a detection limit of 7 μg mL-1. The rapid assembly of the TLR sensors, excellent antifouling properties of the mixed SAM assembly, small size and ease of operation of EIS hold great promise for the development of a portable and automated broad-spectrum pathogen detection and classification tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh G Pillai
- National Research Council Canada- Quantum and Nanotechnologies Research Center, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton T6G 2M9, AB, Canada.
| | - Khalid Azyat
- National Research Council Canada- Quantum and Nanotechnologies Research Center, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton T6G 2M9, AB, Canada.
| | - Nora W C Chan
- Defence Research and Development Canada - Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat T1A 8K6, AB, Canada
| | - Abebaw B Jemere
- National Research Council Canada- Quantum and Nanotechnologies Research Center, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton T6G 2M9, AB, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo N2L 3G1, ON, Canada
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3
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Abd Muain MF, Amir Hamzah AS, Chia SL, Yusoff K, Lim HN, Shinya I, Ahmad Tajudin A. Voltammetric-based immunosensing of Newcastle disease virus on polyethylene glycol-containing self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrode. Anal Biochem 2024; 697:115700. [PMID: 39461695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024]
Abstract
A voltammetric immunosensor for the detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been developed by employing polyclonal antibody targeting NDV (anti-NDV) as a bioreceptor. Anti-NDV was immobilized on polyethylene glycol (PEG)-containing self-assembled monolayer (SAM) which was activated with N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimidehydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS) coupling on screen-printed gold electrode (SPGE). The introduction of PEG-containing SAM on the SPGE allowed the bioreceptor to covalently bound to the electrode surface whilst still providing a hydrophilic layer on the electrode which is important to greatly reduce non-specific bindings. The bioreceptor functionalized electrode was then allowed to be incubated with NDV-spiked samples. The electrode surface modification with PEG-containing SAM, immobilization of anti-NDV as bioreceptor, up to the detection of NDV were characterized electrochemically through differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis in [Fe(CN)6]3- as the redox probe. Decrement of anodic current peak (Ipa) of [Fe(CN)6]3- was seen as the concentration of NDV increased from 0.156 to 20 HA μL-1 with the limit of detection (LoD) of 1.50 HA μL-1 at 3σ m-1. The detection of NDV in HA μL-1 unit in this study would ease interlaboratory interpretation as it was the same unit used in hemagglutination (HA) assay of conventional NDV diagnosis. The specificity of anti-NDV used as bioreceptor towards NDV was confirmed through western blot analysis, whilst the selectivity of the bioreceptor-functionalized electrode has been tested with allantoic fluid as the negative control in which no apparent changes of anodic peak (Ipa) has been seen. This simple, fast, and less laborious electrochemical detection method could become an alternative to the conventional method for NDV detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Farid Abd Muain
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Amir Syahir Amir Hamzah
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Suet Lin Chia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Malaysia Genome & Vaccine Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Jalan Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Malaysia Genome & Vaccine Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Jalan Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hong Ngee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ikeno Shinya
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu Science and Research Park, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Asilah Ahmad Tajudin
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Sarcina L, Scandurra C, Di Franco C, Caputo M, Catacchio M, Bollella P, Scamarcio G, Macchia E, Torsi L. A stable physisorbed layer of packed capture antibodies for high-performance sensing applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2023; 11:9093-9106. [PMID: 37457868 PMCID: PMC10341389 DOI: 10.1039/d3tc01123b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Antibody physisorption at a solid interface is a very interesting phenomenon that has important effects on applications such as the development of novel biomaterials and the rational design and fabrication of high-performance biosensors. The strategy selected to immobilize biorecognition elements can determine the performance level of a device and one of the simplest approaches is physical adsorption, which is cost-effective, fast, and compatible with printing techniques as well as with green-chemistry processes. Despite its huge advantages, physisorption is very seldom adopted, as there is an ingrained belief that it does not lead to high performance because of its lack of uniformity and long-term stability, which, however, have never been systematically investigated, particularly for bilayers of capture antibodies. Herein, the homogeneity and stability of an antibody layer against SARS-CoV-2-Spike1 (S1) protein physisorbed onto a gold surface have been investigated by means of multi-parametric surface plasmon resonance (MP-SPR). A surface coverage density of capture antibodies as high as (1.50 ± 0.06) × 1012 molecules per cm-2 is measured, corresponding to a thickness of 12 ± 1 nm. This value is compatible with a single monolayer of homogeneously deposited antibodies. The effect of the ionic strength (is) of the antibody solution in controlling physisorption of the protein was thoroughly investigated, demonstrating an enhancement in surface coverage at lower ionic strength. An atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigation shows a globular structure attributed to is-related aggregations of antibodies. The long-term stability over two weeks of the physisorbed proteins was also assessed. High-performance sensing was proven by evaluating figures of merit, such as the limit of detection (2 nM) and the selectivity ratio between a negative control and the sensing experiment (0.04), which is the best reported performance for an SPR S1 protein assay. These figures of merit outmatch those measured with more sophisticated biofunctionalization procedures involving chemical bonding of the capture antibodies to the gold surface. The present study opens up interesting new pathways toward the achievement of a cost-effective and scalable biofunctionalization protocol, which could guarantee the prolonged stability of the biolayer and easy handling of the biosensing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sarcina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Cecilia Scandurra
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Franco
- CNR - Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Mariapia Caputo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Michele Catacchio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Paolo Bollella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Gaetano Scamarcio
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica "M. Merlin", Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro 70126 Bari Italy
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Eleonora Macchia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro 70126 Bari Italy
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
- The Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University 20500 Turku Finland
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
- The Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University 20500 Turku Finland
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5
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Topor CV, Puiu M, Bala C. Strategies for Surface Design in Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Sensing. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040465. [PMID: 37185540 PMCID: PMC10136606 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) comprises several surface-sensitive techniques that enable the trace and ultra-trace detection of various analytes through affinity pairing. Although enabling label-free, sensitive detection and real-time monitoring, several issues remain to be addressed, such as poor stability, non-specific adsorption and the loss of operational activity of biomolecules. In this review, the progress over sensor modification, immobilization techniques and novel 2D nanomaterials, gold nanostructures and magnetic nanoparticles for signal amplification is discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of each design strategy will be provided together with some of the recent achievements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina-Virginia Topor
- Department of Analytical and Physical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania
- R&D Center LaborQ, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Puiu
- Department of Analytical and Physical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania
- R&D Center LaborQ, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia Bala
- Department of Analytical and Physical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania
- R&D Center LaborQ, University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd., 030018 Bucharest, Romania
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6
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Electrochemistry combined-surface plasmon resonance biosensors: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Thobakgale L, Ombinda-Lemboumba S, Mthunzi-Kufa P. Chemical Sensor Nanotechnology in Pharmaceutical Drug Research. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2688. [PMID: 35957119 PMCID: PMC9370582 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The increase in demand for pharmaceutical treatments due to pandemic-related illnesses has created a need for improved quality control in drug manufacturing. Understanding the physical, biological, and chemical properties of APIs is an important area of health-related research. As such, research into enhanced chemical sensing and analysis of pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) for drug development, delivery and monitoring has become immensely popular in the nanotechnology space. Nanomaterial-based chemical sensors have been used to detect and analyze APIs related to the treatment of various illnesses pre and post administration. Furthermore, electrical and optical techniques are often coupled with nano-chemical sensors to produce data for various applications which relate to the efficiencies of the APIs. In this review, we focus on the latest nanotechnology applied to probing the chemical and biochemical properties of pharmaceutical drugs, placing specific interest on several types of nanomaterial-based chemical sensors, their characteristics, detection methods, and applications. This study offers insight into the progress in drug development and monitoring research for designing improved quality control methods for pharmaceutical and health-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lebogang Thobakgale
- National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, University Road, Westville, Durban 3630, South Africa
| | - Saturnin Ombinda-Lemboumba
- National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Patience Mthunzi-Kufa
- National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, University Road, Westville, Durban 3630, South Africa
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8
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β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase-V colorectal cancer biomarker immunosensor with label-free electrochemical detection. Talanta 2022; 243:123337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Park K. Impedance Technique-Based Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor for Thrombin Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Casted Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22072699. [PMID: 35408313 PMCID: PMC9002654 DOI: 10.3390/s22072699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An impedance technique-based aptasensor for the detection of thrombin was developed using a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). In this work, a thrombin-binding aptamer (TBA) as probe was used for the determination of thrombin, and that was immobilized on SWCNT through π-π interaction. In the presence of thrombin, the TBA on SWCNT binds with target thrombin, and the amount of TBA on the SWCNT surface decreases. The detachment of TBA from SWCNT will be affected by the concentration of thrombin and the remaining TBA on the SWCNT surface can be monitored by electrochemical methods. The TBA-modified SWCNT/SPCE sensing layer was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV). For the measurement of thrombin, the change in charge-transfer resistance (Rct) of the sensing interface was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with a target thrombin and [Fe(CN)6]3- as redox maker. Upon incubation with thrombin, a decrease of Rct change was observed due to the decrease in the repulsive interaction between the redox marker and the electrode surface without any label. A plot of Rct changes vs. the logarithm of thrombin concentration provides the linear detection ranges from 0.1 nM to 1 µM, with a ~0.02 nM detection limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsoon Park
- Department of Chemistry and Cosmetics, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
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Watanabe S, Tadokoro C, Miyake K, Sasaki S, Nakano K. Processes of molecular adsorption and ordering enhanced by mechanical stimuli under high contact pressure. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3870. [PMID: 35264645 PMCID: PMC8907199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07854-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adsorbed molecular films, referred to as boundary films in tribology, are widely used in various industrial products as a keyway for surface functionalisation, such as lubricity, wettability, and adhesion. Because boundary films are thin nanometre-scale molecular layers and can easily be removed, their formation process cannot be elucidated in detail. In this study, to analyse the growth dynamics of boundary films, the film thickness and molecular orientation of the boundary film of a fatty acid used as an additive in rolling contact as mechanical stimuli were measured in situ. The measurements were performed on simple test lubricants, which were composed of n-hexadecane and stearic acid, at rolling tribological condition between steel and glass (or sapphire) surfaces by ultrathin film interferometry combined with sum-frequency generation spectroscopy according to a unique protocol. The results quantitatively demonstrate shear-induced boundary film formation. The insight gained from these results is anticipated to enable the formulation of high-performance lubricant additives to further reduce friction loss and high-performance glues that can be freely designed for removability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Watanabe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan.
| | - Chiharu Tadokoro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.
| | - Koji Miyake
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8564, Japan
| | - Shinya Sasaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Ken Nakano
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
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11
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Electrochemical and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Surface Characterization of Interchain-Driven Self-Assembled Monolayer (SAM) Reorganization. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050867. [PMID: 35269355 PMCID: PMC8912756 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a combined strategy encompassing electrochemical and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments to investigate self-assembled monolayer (SAM) conformational reorganization onto an electrode surface due to the application of an electrical field. In particular, 3-mercaptopriopionic acid SAM (3MPA SAM) modified gold electrodes are activated with a 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (NHSS) (EDC-NHSS) mixture by shortening the activation time, from 2 h to 15/20 min, labelled as Protocol-A, -B and -C, respectively. This step, later followed by a deactivation process with ethanolamine (EA), plays a key role in the reaction yields (formation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-mercaptopropanamide, NMPA) but also in the conformational rearrangement observed during the application of the electrical field. This study aims at explaining the high performance (i.e., single-molecule detection at a large electrode interface) of bioelectronic devices, where the 3MPA-based SAM structure is pivotal in achieving extremely high sensing performance levels due to its interchain interaction. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments performed in K4Fe(CN)6:K3Fe(CN)6 for 3MPA SAMs that are activated/deactivated show similar trends of anodic peak current (IA) over time, mainly related to the presence of interchain hydrogen bonds, driving the conformational rearrangements (tightening of SAMs structure) while applying an electrical field. In addition, XPS analysis allows correlation of the deactivation yield with electrochemical data (conformational rearrangements), identifying the best protocol in terms of high reaction yield, mainly related to the shorter reaction time, and not triggering any side reactions. Finally, Protocol-C’s SAM surface coverage, determined by CV in H2SO4 and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in NaOH, was 1.29 * 1013 molecules cm−2, being similar to the bioreceptor surface coverage in single-molecule detection at a large electrode interface.
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12
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Gahlaut SK, Pathak A, Gupta BD, Singh JP. Portable fiber-optic SPR platform for the detection of NS1-antigen for dengue diagnosis. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 196:113720. [PMID: 34710813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present a portable, selective and cost-effective fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based platform for early detection of Dengue virus. NS1 protein was targeted as the biomarker of dengue. Antibody-antigen specific binding was exploited for NS1 antigen detection. The binding of antibody was assisted by a self-assembled monolayer of alkanethiols on the surface of silver-coated unclad fiber. A wavelength interrogation mode of SPR was utilized to detect NS1 antigen in the dynamic range of 0.2-2.0 μg/ml. The 40 nm thick silver coated optical fiber exhibited resonance wavelength around 500 nm and change in resonance wavelength was monitored for each attachment step on the fiber. The sensitivity at the lowest concentration of NS1 antigen was found to be 54.7 nm/(μg/ml). The limit of detection of the sensor was found to be 0.06 μg/ml, which lies in the physiological range of NS1 protein present in the infected blood, hence the present technique may provide a very early detection advantage. Real blood serum samples were also successfully tested on the set-up, confirming compatibility with the conventional methods. The presented field-deployable platform has wide applications in mass monitoring of dengue, such as during outbreaks and epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank K Gahlaut
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Anisha Pathak
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Banshi D Gupta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - J P Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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13
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Gothe PK, Martinez A, Koh SJ. Effect of Ionic Strength, Nanoparticle Surface Charge Density, and Template Diameter on Self-Limiting Single-Particle Placement: A Numerical Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:11961-11977. [PMID: 34610743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For the bottom-up approach where functional materials are constructed out of nanoscale building blocks (e.g., nanoparticles), it is essential to have methods that are capable of placing the individual nanoscale building blocks onto exact substrate positions on a large scale and on a large area. One of the promising placement methods is the self-limiting single-particle placement (SPP), in which a single nanoparticle in a colloidal solution is electrostatically guided by electrostatic templates and exactly one single nanoparticle is placed on each target position in a self-limiting way. This paper presents a numerical study on SPP, where the effects of three key parameters, (1) ionic strength (IS), (2) nanoparticle surface charge density (σNP), and (3) circular template diameter (d), on SPP are investigated. For 40 different parameter sets of (IS, σNP, d), a 30 nm nanoparticle positioned at R⃗ above the substrate was modeled in two configurations (i) without and (ii) with the presence of a 30 nm nanoparticle at the center of a circular template. For each parameter set and each configuration, the electrostatic potentials were calculated by numerically solving the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, from which interaction forces and interaction free energies were subsequently calculated. These have identified realms of parameter sets that enable a successful SPP. A few exemplary parameter sets include (IS, σNP, d) = (0.5 mM, -1.5 μC/cm2, 100 nm), (0.05 mM, -0.5 μC/cm2, 100 nm), (0.5 mM, -1.5 μC/cm2, 150 nm), and (0.05 mM, -0.8 μC/cm2, 150 nm). This study provides clear guidance toward experimental realizations of large-scale and large-area SPPs, which could lead to bottom-up fabrications of novel electronic, photonic, plasmonic, and spintronic devices and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushkar K Gothe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Anthony Martinez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Seong Jin Koh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
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14
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Torricelli F, Adrahtas DZ, Bao Z, Berggren M, Biscarini F, Bonfiglio A, Bortolotti CA, Frisbie CD, Macchia E, Malliaras GG, McCulloch I, Moser M, Nguyen TQ, Owens RM, Salleo A, Spanu A, Torsi L. Electrolyte-gated transistors for enhanced performance bioelectronics. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2021; 1:66. [PMID: 35475166 PMCID: PMC9037952 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs), capable of transducing biological and biochemical inputs into amplified electronic signals and stably operating in aqueous environments, have emerged as fundamental building blocks in bioelectronics. In this Primer, the different EGT architectures are described with the fundamental mechanisms underpinning their functional operation, providing insight into key experiments including necessary data analysis and validation. Several organic and inorganic materials used in the EGT structures and the different fabrication approaches for an optimal experimental design are presented and compared. The functional bio-layers and/or biosystems integrated into or interfaced to EGTs, including self-organization and self-assembly strategies, are reviewed. Relevant and promising applications are discussed, including two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell monitoring, ultra-sensitive biosensors, electrophysiology, synaptic and neuromorphic bio-interfaces, prosthetics and robotics. Advantages, limitations and possible optimizations are also surveyed. Finally, current issues and future directions for further developments and applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Torricelli
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Demetra Z. Adrahtas
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Fabio Biscarini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bonfiglio
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carlo A. Bortolotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - C. Daniel Frisbie
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eleonora Macchia
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maximilian Moser
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Spanu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
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15
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Surface Plasmon Resonance Assay for Label‐Free and Selective Detection of
Xylella Fastidiosa. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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16
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Sarcina L, Mangiatordi GF, Torricelli F, Bollella P, Gounani Z, Österbacka R, Macchia E, Torsi L. Surface Plasmon Resonance Assay for Label-Free and Selective Detection of HIV-1 p24 Protein. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:180. [PMID: 34204930 PMCID: PMC8229864 DOI: 10.3390/bios11060180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The early detection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is of paramount importance to achieve efficient therapeutic treatment and limit the disease spreading. In this perspective, the assessment of biosensing assay for the HIV-1 p24 capsid protein plays a pivotal role in the timely and selective detection of HIV infections. In this study, multi-parameter-SPR has been used to develop a reliable and label-free detection method for HIV-1 p24 protein. Remarkably, both physical and chemical immobilization of mouse monoclonal antibodies against HIV-1 p24 on the SPR gold detecting surface have been characterized for the first time. The two immobilization techniques returned a capturing antibody surface coverage as high as (7.5 ± 0.3) × 1011 molecule/cm2 and (2.4 ± 0.6) × 1011 molecule/cm2, respectively. However, the covalent binding of the capturing antibodies through a mixed self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of alkanethiols led to a doubling of the p24 binding signal. Moreover, from the modeling of the dose-response curve, an equilibrium dissociation constant KD of 5.30 × 10-9 M was computed for the assay performed on the SAM modified surface compared to a much larger KD of 7.46 × 10-5 M extracted for the physisorbed antibodies. The chemically modified system was also characterized in terms of sensitivity and selectivity, reaching a limit of detection of (4.1 ± 0.5) nM and an unprecedented selectivity ratio of 0.02.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sarcina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita’ degli Studi di Bari A. Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (P.B.); (L.T.)
| | | | - Fabrizio Torricelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Paolo Bollella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita’ degli Studi di Bari A. Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (P.B.); (L.T.)
| | - Zahra Gounani
- Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland; (Z.G.); (R.Ö.)
| | - Ronald Österbacka
- Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland; (Z.G.); (R.Ö.)
| | - Eleonora Macchia
- Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland; (Z.G.); (R.Ö.)
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita’ degli Studi di Bari A. Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (P.B.); (L.T.)
- Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland; (Z.G.); (R.Ö.)
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), 70125 Bari, Italy
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17
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Reflection Absorption Infrared Spectroscopy Characterization of SAM Formation from 8-Mercapto- N-(phenethyl)octanamide Thiols with Phe Ring and Amide Groups. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235633. [PMID: 33265984 PMCID: PMC7730404 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional amide-containing self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) provide prospects for the construction of interfaces with required physicochemical properties and distinctive stability. In this study, we report the synthesis of amide-containing thiols with terminal phenylalanine (Phe) ring functionality (HS(CH2)7CONH(CH2)2C6H5) and the characterization of the formation of SAMs from these thiols on gold by reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS). For reliable assignments of vibrational bands, ring deuterated analogs were synthesized and studied as well. Adsorption time induced changes in Amide-II band frequency and relative intensity of Amide-II/Amide-I bands revealed two-state sigmoidal form dependence with a transition inflection points at 2.2 ± 0.5 and 4.7 ± 0.5 min, respectively. The transition from initial (disordered) to final (hydrogen-bonded, ordered) structure resulted in increased Amide-II frequency from 1548 to 1557 cm-1, which is diagnostic for a strongly hydrogen-bonded amide network in trans conformation. However, the lateral interactions between the alkyl chains were found to be somewhat reduced when compared with well-ordered alkane thiol monolayers.
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18
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Sarcina L, Torsi L, Picca RA, Manoli K, Macchia E. Assessment of Gold Bio-Functionalization for Wide-Interface Biosensing Platforms. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E3678. [PMID: 32630091 PMCID: PMC7374319 DOI: 10.3390/s20133678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The continuous improvement of the technical potential of bioelectronic devices for biosensing applications will provide clinicians with a reliable tool for biomarker quantification down to the single molecule. Eventually, physicians will be able to identify the very moment at which the illness state begins, with a terrific impact on the quality of life along with a reduction of health care expenses. However, in clinical practice, to gather enough information to formulate a diagnosis, multiple biomarkers are normally quantified from the same biological sample simultaneously. Therefore, it is critically important to translate lab-based bioelectronic devices based on electrolyte gated thin-film transistor technology into a cost-effective portable multiplexing array prototype. In this perspective, the assessment of cost-effective manufacturability represents a crucial step, with specific regard to the optimization of the bio-functionalization protocol of the transistor gate module. Hence, we have assessed, using surface plasmon resonance technique, a sustainable and reliable cost-effective process to successfully bio-functionalize a gold surface, suitable as gate electrode for wide-field bioelectronic sensors. The bio-functionalization process herein investigated allows to reduce the biorecognition element concentration to one-tenth, drastically impacting the manufacturing costs while retaining high analytical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sarcina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (L.T.); (R.A.P.)
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (L.T.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), Department of Chemistry, 70125 Bari, Italy
- The Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku, Finland;
| | - Rosaria Anna Picca
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (L.T.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), Department of Chemistry, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Kyriaki Manoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (L.T.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Centre for Colloid and Surface Science), Department of Chemistry, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Macchia
- The Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku, Finland;
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