1
|
Habib H, Kumar A, Amin T, Bhat TA, Aziz N, Rasane P, Ercisli S, Singh J. Process optimization, growth kinetics, and antioxidant activity of germinated buckwheat and amaranth-based yogurt mimic. Food Chem 2024; 457:140138. [PMID: 38901337 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the integration of cereal and germinated pseudocereals into set-type yogurt mimic, resulting in a novel and nutritious product. Four groups of yogurts mimic, namely CPY-1, CPY-2, CPY-3, and CPY-4, were prepared using different probiotic cultures, including L. acidophilus 21, L. plantarum 14, and L. rhamnosus 296 along with starter cultures. Notably, CPY-2 cultured with L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus and incubated for 12 h exhibited the most desirable attributes. The resulting yogurt demonstrated an acidity of 0.65%, pH of 4.37 and a probiotic count of 6.38 log CFU/mL. The logistic growth model fit revealed maximum growth rates (k, 1/h) and maximum bacterial counts (Nm log CFU/mL) for each CPY variant. The results revealed that CPY-2 significantly improved protein, dietary fiber, phenols and antioxidant capacities compared to the control. Scanning electron microscopy showed more structured and compact casein network in CPY-2, highlighting its superior textural characteristics. Overall, this study demonstrates the incorporation of cereal and germinated pseudocereals into set-type yogurt mimic offers health benefits through increased dietary fiber and β-glucan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huraiya Habib
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Institute of Food Technology, Bundelkhand University Jhansi, 284128, India
| | - Tawheed Amin
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 190025, India
| | - Tashooq Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 190025, India
| | - Nargis Aziz
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, India
| | - Prasad Rasane
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sharma P, Mahongnao S, Gupta A, Nanda S. Health Risk Assessment for Potentially Toxic Elements Accumulation in Amaranthaceae Family Cultivars and their Correlation with Antioxidants and Antinutrients. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 87:187-207. [PMID: 39120729 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-024-01084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Delhi's agricultural hub, nestled along the Yamuna floodplains, faces soil and water contamination issues. Utilizing organic waste composts is gaining traction to improve soil quality, but uncertainties remain about their efficacy in reducing harmful elements. The study examined three Amaranthaceae cultivars, comparing organic waste composts with chemical fertilizer to evaluate correlations between heavy metals, antioxidants, and antinutrients to assess their bioremediation potential. "Heavy metals" or "potentially toxic elements (PTE)" levels in soil and leaves were measured by ICP-MS, while antioxidants and antinutrients were analyzed with UV-VIS spectroscopy. The study revealed higher PTE levels in floodplain soil, with Cr, Ni, and Cd exceeding safe limits in all cultivars. Compost amendments reduced these pollutants by 28% compared to chemical fertilizers, decreasing bioaccumulation by 20%. Health risk assessments showed lower risks in compost-amended cultivars. Additionally, compost amendment displayed a stronger negative correlation between PTE and antioxidants, suggesting effective bioremediation. Overall, compost amendments offer promise for mitigating PTE in metropolitan floodplains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Daulat Ram College for Women, University of Delhi, 4, Patel Marg, Maurice Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Sophayo Mahongnao
- Department of Biochemistry, Daulat Ram College for Women, University of Delhi, 4, Patel Marg, Maurice Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Asmita Gupta
- Department of Botany, Daulat Ram College for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Sarita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, Daulat Ram College for Women, University of Delhi, 4, Patel Marg, Maurice Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ahmed M, Ahmad M, Khan MA, Sohail A, Sanaullah M, Ahmad W, Iqbal DN, Khalid K, Wani TA, Zargar S. Assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of exposure to potentially toxic elements in tea infusions: Determination by ICP-OES and multivariate statistical data analysis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127454. [PMID: 38669815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The perennial evergreen tea (Camellia sinensis) plant is one of the most popular nonalcoholic drinks in the world. Fertilizers and industrial, agricultural, and municipal activities are the usual drivers of soil contamination, contaminating tea plants with potentially toxic elements (PTEs). These elements might potentially accumulate to larger amounts in the leaves of plants after being taken up from the soil. Thus, frequent monitoring of these elements is critically important. METHODS The present study intended to determine PTEs (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in both tea leaves and infusions using ICP-OES. Various multivariate data analysis methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were employed to elucidate the potential sources of PTEs contamination, whether from anthropogenic activities or natural origins. Additionally, Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC) was calculated to assess the relationships between the variables under study. RESULTS The mean contents (mg/L) of all studied elements in tea infusions decreased in order Mn (150.59 ± 1.66) > Fe (11.39 ± 0.99) > Zn (6.62 ± 0.89) > Cu (5.86 ± 0.62) > Co (3.25 ± 0.64) > Ni (1.69 ± 0.23) > Pb (1.08 ± 0.16) > Cr (0.57 ± 0.09) > Cd (0.46 ± 0.09) > Al (0.05 ± 0.008), indicating that Mn exhibits the highest abundance. The mean concentration trend in tea leaf samples mirrored that of infusions, albeit with higher concentrations of PTEs in the former. The tolerable dietary intake (TDI) value for Ni and provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI) value for Cd surpassed the standards set by the WHO and EFSA. Calculated hazard index (HI < 1) and cumulative cancer risk (CCR) values suggest negligible exposure risk. CONCLUSION Elevated levels of PTEs in commonly consumed tea products concern the public and regulatory agencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, College Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, College Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ayyan Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, College Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Sohail
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, College Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mudassar Sanaullah
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, College Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Dure Najaf Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khuram Khalid
- Faculty of Applied Science and Technology، Sheridan College, 7899 McLaughlin Road Brampton, Ontario L6Y 5H9, Canada
| | - Tanveer A Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seema Zargar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 222452, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kang L, Luo J, Su Z, Zhou L, Xie Q, Li G. Effect of Sprouted Buckwheat on Glycemic Index and Quality of Reconstituted Rice. Foods 2024; 13:1148. [PMID: 38672821 PMCID: PMC11048801 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study utilized sprouted buckwheat as the main component and aimed to optimize its combination with other grains to produce reconstituted rice with enhanced taste and a reduced glycemic index (GI). The optimal blend comprised wheat flour, sprouted buckwheat flour, black rice flour, and purple potato flour in a ratio of 34.5:28.8:26.7:10.0. Based on this blend, the reconstituted rice processed through extrusion puffing exhibited a purple-black hue; meanwhile, the instant reconstituted rice, produced through further microwave puffing, displayed a reddish-brown color. both imparted a rich cereal flavor. The starch in both types of rice exhibited a V-shaped structure with lower relative crystallinity. Compared to commercial rice, the reconstituted rice and instant reconstituted rice contained higher levels of flavonoids, polyphenols, and other flavor compounds, along with 1.63-fold and 1.75-fold more proteins, respectively. The GI values of the reconstituted rice and the instant reconstituted rice were 68.86 and 69.47, respectively; thus, they are medium-GI foods that can alleviate the increase in blood glucose levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingtao Kang
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (L.K.); (J.L.); (Z.S.); (L.Z.)
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Fruits and Vegetables Storage Processing and Quality Safety, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jiaqian Luo
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (L.K.); (J.L.); (Z.S.); (L.Z.)
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Fruits and Vegetables Storage Processing and Quality Safety, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Zhipeng Su
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (L.K.); (J.L.); (Z.S.); (L.Z.)
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Fruits and Vegetables Storage Processing and Quality Safety, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Liling Zhou
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (L.K.); (J.L.); (Z.S.); (L.Z.)
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Fruits and Vegetables Storage Processing and Quality Safety, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Qiutao Xie
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Fruits and Vegetables Storage Processing and Quality Safety, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Gaoyang Li
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (L.K.); (J.L.); (Z.S.); (L.Z.)
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Fruits and Vegetables Storage Processing and Quality Safety, Changsha 410125, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Noda T, Ishiguro K, Suzuki T, Morishita T. Tartary Buckwheat Bran: A Review of Its Chemical Composition, Processing Methods and Food Uses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1965. [PMID: 37653882 PMCID: PMC10222156 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) containing large amounts of functional compounds with antioxidant activity, such as rutin, has attracted substantial research attention due to its industrial applications. Particularly, the functional compounds in Tartary buckwheat bran, an unexploited byproduct of the buckwheat flour milling process, are more concentrated than those in Tartary buckwheat flour. Thus, Tartary buckwheat bran is deemed to be a potential material for making functional foods. However, a review that comprehensively summarizes the research on Tartary buckwheat bran is lacking. Therefore, we highlighted current studies on the chemical composition of Tartary buckwheat bran. Moreover, the processing method and food uses of Tartary buckwheat bran are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Noda
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai-gun 082-0081, Japan
| | - Koji Ishiguro
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai-gun 082-0081, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Suzuki
- Kyushu-Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Suya, Koshi, Kumamoto 861-1192, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Morishita
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai-gun 082-0081, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiao C, Liang B, Xiong W, Ye X. Enrichment and health risks associated with trace elements in medicine food homology teas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:54193-54204. [PMID: 36872404 PMCID: PMC9985956 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the irreplaceable role of traditional Chinese medicine in the history of human resistance to diseases, medicine food homology teas (MFHTs) have emerged as a widely-consumed daily drink, although they may contain toxic or excessive trace elements. This study aims to determine the total and infused concentrations of nine trace elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cr, Cu, As, Pb, and Ni) in 12 MFHTs collected from 18 provinces in China, to evaluate their potential risks to human health, and to explore the factors affecting the trace element enrichment in traditional MFHTs. The exceedances of Cr (82%) and Ni (100%) in 12 MFHTs were higher than those of Cu (32%), Cd (23%), Pb (12%), and As (10%). The high values of the Nemerow integrated pollution index of dandelions and Flos sophorae (25.96 and 9.06, respectively) indicate severe trace metal pollution. The health risk assessment results showed that As, Cr, and Mn in the 12 types of MFHTs posed high non-carcinogenic risk. Honeysuckle and dandelion teas may be hazardous to human health through trace element exposure when consumed daily. The enrichment of Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Pb in MFHTs is influenced by the MFHT type and producing area, whereas As and Cd are mainly controlled by the MFHT type. Environmental factors such as soil background values, rainfall, and temperature also affect the enrichment of trace elements in MFHTs collected from different producing areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xiao
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Enivironment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Baowen Liang
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Enivironment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Wen Xiong
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Enivironment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Xiaochuan Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430060, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Principal Components and Cluster Analysis of Trace Elements in Buckwheat Flour. Foods 2023; 12:foods12010225. [PMID: 36613441 PMCID: PMC9818536 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential trace elements are required at very low quantities in the human body but are essential for various physiological functions. Each trace element has a specific role and a lack of these elements can easily cause a threat to health and can be potentially fatal. In this study, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) were used to determine the content of trace metal elements Ca, Fe, Cu, Mg, Zn, Se, Mo, Mn, and Cd in buckwheat flour. The content and distribution characteristics of trace metal elements were investigated using principal component and cluster analysis. The principal component analysis yielded a four-factor model that explained 73.64% of the test data; the cumulative contribution of the variance of the 1st and 2nd principal factors amounted to 44.41% and showed that Cu, Mg, Mo, and Cd are the characteristic elements of buckwheat flour. The cluster analysis divided the 28 buckwheat samples into two groups, to some extent, reflecting the genuineness of buckwheat flour. Buckwheat flour is rich in essential trace metal elements and can be used as a source of dietary nutrients for Mg and Mo.
Collapse
|
8
|
Luo S, Wang K, Li Z, Li H, Shao J, Zhu X. Salicylic Acid Enhances Cadmium Tolerance and Reduces Its Shoot Accumulation in Fagopyrum tataricum Seedlings by Promoting Root Cadmium Retention and Mitigating Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314746. [PMID: 36499075 PMCID: PMC9739840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination seriously reduces the production and product quality of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), and strategies are urgently needed to mitigate these adverse influences. Herein, we investigated the effect of salicylic acid (SA) on Tartary buckwheat seedlings grown in Cd-contaminated soil in terms of Cd tolerance and accumulation. The results showed that 75-100 µmol L-1 SA treatment enhanced the Cd tolerance of Tartary buckwheat, as reflected by the significant increase in plant height and root and shoot biomass, as well as largely mitigated oxidative stress. Moreover, 100 µmol L-1 SA considerably reduced the stem and leaf Cd concentration by 60% and 47%, respectively, which is a consequence of increased root biomass and root Cd retention with promoted Cd partitioning into cell wall and immobile chemical forms. Transcriptome analysis also revealed the upregulation of the genes responsible for cell wall biosynthesis and antioxidative activities in roots, especially secondary cell wall synthesis. The present study determines that 100 µmol L-1 is the best SA concentration for reducing Cd accumulation and toxicity in Tartary buckwheat and indicates the important role of root in Cd stress in this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Luo
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Kaiyi Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hanhan Li
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jirong Shao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang Road No. 46, Yaan 625014, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu S, Zhang W, Miao X, Wang Y, Fu R. Spatial Distribution, Source Analysis and Health Risk Study of Heavy Metals in the Liujiang River Basin in Different Seasons. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15435. [PMID: 36497508 PMCID: PMC9738270 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Three high-frequency sampling and monitoring experiments were performed at the Lutang and Luowei transects of the Liujiang River entrance and at the southeast exit of the Liuzhou during 2019 for the purpose of assessing physico-chemical variables and human health hazards of water heavy metals in different rainfall processes. There were significant seasonal variations in concentrations of 11 heavy metals and most variables showed higher levels during the dry season. The distribution of heavy metals in the Liuzhou area varied significantly by region. Pollution source analysis indicated distinct seasons of wetness and dryness. The dry season is dominated by anthropogenic activities, while the wet season is dominated by natural processes. The results of hazard quotient (HQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR) analysis showed that the health risk of non-carcinogenic heavy metals in the wet season is slightly higher than that in the dry season. Seasonal changes in carcinogenic risk are the opposite; this is due to the combined influence of natural and human activities on the concentration of heavy metals in the river. Among them, Al was the most important pollutant causing non-carcinogenic, with As being a significant contributor to carcinogenic health risk. Spatially, the downstream Luowei transect has a high health risk in both the dry and rainy seasons, probably due to the fact that the Luowei transect is located within a major industrial area in the study area. There are some input points for industrial effluent discharge in the area. Therefore, high-frequency monitoring is essential to analyze and reduce the heavy metal concentrations in the Liujiang River during dry and wet seasons in order to protect the health of the residents in the area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiongyi Miao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Rongjie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kreft I, Vollmannová A, Lidiková J, Musilová J, Germ M, Golob A, Vombergar B, Kocjan Ačko D, Luthar Z. Molecular Shield for Protection of Buckwheat Plants from UV-B Radiation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175577. [PMID: 36080352 PMCID: PMC9457819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) and common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) are adapted to growing in harsh conditions of high altitudes. Ultraviolet radiation at high altitudes strongly impacts plant growth and development. Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, protecting substances are synthesized in plants. The synthesis of UV-B defense metabolites is genetically conditioned, and their quantity depends on the intensity of the ultraviolet radiation to which the plants and plant parts are exposed. These substances include flavonoids, and especially rutin. Other substances with aromatic rings of six carbon atoms have a similar function, including fagopyrin, the metabolite specific for buckwheat. Defensive substances are formed in the leaves and flowers of common and Tartary buckwheat, up to about the same concentration in both species. In comparison, the concentration of rutin in the grain of Tartary buckwheat is much higher than in common buckwheat. Flavonoids also have other functions in plants so that they can protect them from pests and diseases. After crushing the grains, rutin is exposed to contact with the molecules of rutin-degrading enzymes. In an environment with the necessary humidity, rutin is turned into bitter quercetin under the action of rutin-degrading enzymes. This bitterness has a deterrent effect against pests. Moreover, flavonoids have important functions in human nutrition to prevent several chronic diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular diseases, gallstone formation, and hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kreft
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alena Vollmannová
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Judita Lidiková
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Janette Musilová
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Mateja Germ
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksandra Golob
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Blanka Vombergar
- The Education Centre Piramida Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Darja Kocjan Ačko
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zlata Luthar
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li Z, Wang C, Wang K, Zhao J, Shao J, Chen H, Zhou M, Zhu X. Metal Tolerance Protein Encoding Gene Family in Fagopyrum tartaricum: Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression under Multiple Metal Stresses. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070850. [PMID: 35406830 PMCID: PMC9003181 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Metal tolerance proteins (MTP) as divalent cation transporters are essential for plant metal tolerance and homeostasis. However, the characterization and the definitive phylogeny of the MTP gene family in Fagopyrum tartaricum, and their roles in response to metal stress are still unknown. In the present study, MTP genes in Fagopyrum tartaricum were identified, and their phylogenetic relationships, structural characteristics, physicochemical parameters, as well as expression profiles under five metal stresses including Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Cd were also investigated. Phylogenetic relationship analysis showed that 12 Fagopyrum tartaricum MTP genes were classified into three major clusters and seven groups. All FtMTPs had typical structural features of the MTP gene family and were predicted to be located in the cell vacuole. The upstream region of FtMTPs contained abundant cis-acting elements, implying their functions in development progress and stress response. Tissue-specific expression analysis results indicated the regulation of FtMTPs in the growth and development of Fagopyrum tataricum. Besides, the expression of most FtMTP genes could be induced by multiple metals and showed different expression patterns under at least two metal stresses. These findings provide useful information for the research of the metal tolerance mechanism and genetic improvement of Fagopyrum tataricum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.L.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Chenglong Wang
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Post-Doctoral Research Station, Beijing Forestry University Forest Science Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kaiyi Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.L.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.L.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jirong Shao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (J.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (J.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.L.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (X.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bobková A, Demianová A, Belej Ľ, Harangozo Ľ, Bobko M, Jurčaga L, Poláková K, Božiková M, Bilčík M, Árvay J. Detection of Changes in Total Antioxidant Capacity, the Content of Polyphenols, Caffeine, and Heavy Metals of Teas in Relation to Their Origin and Fermentation. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081821. [PMID: 34441598 PMCID: PMC8394337 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis) is widely sought for beverages worldwide. Heavy metals are often the main aims of the survey of teas, given that the use of agricultural fertilization is very frequent. Some of these may affect the content of bioactive compounds. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed fermented and non-fermented teas of a single plant origin from Japan, Nepal, Korea, and China, and described mutual correlations and changes in the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the content of polyphenols (TPC), caffeine, and heavy metals in tea leaves, in relation to the origin and fermentation process. Using UV-VIS spectrophotometry and HPLC-DAD, we determined variations in bioactive compounds’ content in relation to the fermentation process and origin and observed negative correlations between TAC and TPC. Heavy metal content followed this order: Mn > Fe > Cu > Zn > Ni > Cr > Pb > Co > Cd > Hg. Given the homogenous content of these elements in relation to fermentation, this paper also describes the possibility of using heavy metals as determinants of geographical origin. Linear Discriminant Analysis showed an accuracy of 75% for Ni, Co, Cd, Hg, and Pb, explaining 95.19% of the variability between geographical regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alica Bobková
- Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (A.B.); (Ľ.B.); (K.P.)
| | - Alžbeta Demianová
- Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (A.B.); (Ľ.B.); (K.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ľubomír Belej
- Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (A.B.); (Ľ.B.); (K.P.)
| | - Ľuboš Harangozo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (Ľ.H.); (J.Á.)
| | - Marek Bobko
- Department of Technology and the Quality of Animal Products, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (M.B.); (L.J.)
| | - Lukáš Jurčaga
- Department of Technology and the Quality of Animal Products, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (M.B.); (L.J.)
| | - Katarína Poláková
- Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (A.B.); (Ľ.B.); (K.P.)
| | - Monika Božiková
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Matúš Bilčík
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Július Árvay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (Ľ.H.); (J.Á.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Martinez Jimenez M, Avila A, de Barros A, Lopez EO, Alvarez F, Riul A, Perez-Taborda JA. Polyethyleneimine-Functionalized Carbon Nanotube/Graphene Oxide Composite: A Novel Sensing Platform for Pb(II) Acetate in Aqueous Solution. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:18190-18199. [PMID: 34308050 PMCID: PMC8296609 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is posing a severe health risk on living organisms. Therefore, significant research efforts are focused on their detection. Here, we developed a sensing platform sensor for the selective detection of lead(II) acetate. The sensor is based on self-assembled polyethyleneimine-functionalized carbon nanotubes (PEI-CNTs) and graphene oxide films deposited onto gold interdigitated electrodes. The graphene-based nanostructure showed a resistive behavior, and the fabricated layer-by-layer film was used to detect Pb(II) acetate in an aqueous solution by comparison of three electrochemical methods: impedance spectroscopy, amperometry, and potentiometry stripping analysis. The results obtained from different methods show that the detection limit was down to 36 pmol/L and the sensitivity up to 4.3 μAL/μmol, with excellent repeatability. The detection mechanism was associated with the high affinity of heavy metal ions with the functional groups present in the PEI-CNTs and GO, allowing high performance and sensitivity. The achieved results are important for the research toward integrated monitoring and sensing platforms for Pb(II) contamination in drinking water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mawin
J. Martinez Jimenez
- Colombian
Society of Engineering Physics (SCIF), Pereira 660003, Colombia
- Department
of Applied Physics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alba Avila
- Centro
de Microelectrónica (CMUA), Departamento de Ingeniería
Eléctrica y Electrónica, Universidad
de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Anerise de Barros
- Laboratory
of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elvis Oswaldo Lopez
- Department
of Experimental Low Energy Physics, Brazilian
Center for Research in Physics (CBPF), Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, Rio de Janeiro 22290-180, Brazil
| | - Fernando Alvarez
- Department
of Applied Physics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Riul
- Department
of Applied Physics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaime Andres Perez-Taborda
- Colombian
Society of Engineering Physics (SCIF), Pereira 660003, Colombia
- Centro
de Microelectrónica (CMUA), Departamento de Ingeniería
Eléctrica y Electrónica, Universidad
de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zou L, Wu D, Ren G, Hu Y, Peng L, Zhao J, Garcia-Perez P, Carpena M, Prieto MA, Cao H, Cheng KW, Wang M, Simal-Gandara J, John OD, Rengasamy KRR, Zhao G, Xiao J. Bioactive compounds, health benefits, and industrial applications of Tartary buckwheat ( Fagopyrum tataricum). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:657-673. [PMID: 34278850 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1952161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat belongs to the family Polygonaceae, which is a traditionally edible and medicinal plant. Due to its various bioactive compounds, the consumption of Tartary buckwheat is correlated to a wide range of health benefits, and increasing attention has been paid to its potential as a functional food. This review summarizes the main bioactive compounds and important bioactivities and health benefits of Tartary buckwheat, emphasizing its protective effects on metabolic diseases and relevant molecular mechanisms. Tartary buckwheat contains a wide range of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenoids, phenylpropanoid glycosides, bioactive polysaccharides, and bioactive proteins and peptides, as well as D-chiro-inositol and its derivatives. Consumption of Tartary buckwheat and Tartary buckwheat-enriched products is linked to multiple health benefits, e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antihypertensive, and hepatoprotective activities. Especially, clinical studies indicate that Tartary buckwheat exhibits remarkable antidiabetic activities. Various tartary buckwheat -based foods presenting major health benefits as fat and blood glucose-lowering agents have been commercialized. Additionally, to address the safety concerns, i.e., allergic reactions, heavy metal and mycotoxin contaminations, the quality control standards for Tartary buckwheat and its products should be drafted and completed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dingtao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guixing Ren
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yichen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lianxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianglin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pascual Garcia-Perez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Maria Carpena
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Miguel A Prieto
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ka-Wing Cheng
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Oliver D John
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Green Biotechnologies Research Centre of Excellence, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain.,International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu H, Xu C, Wang J, Xiang Y, Ren M, Qie H, Zhang Y, Yao R, Li L, Lin A. Health risk assessment based on source identification of heavy metals: A case study of Beiyun River, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112046. [PMID: 33607337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Long-term retention and accumulation of heavy metals in rivers pose a great threat to the stability of ecosystems and human health. In this study, Beiyun River was taken as the example to quantitatively identify pollution sources and assess the pollution source-oriented health risk. A total of 8 heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, As, Cr, Cd, and Cu) in Beiyun River were measured. Ordinary kriging (OK) and inverse distance weight (IDW) methods were used to predict the distribution of heavy metals. The results showed that the OK method is more accurate, and heavy metal pollution in the midstream and downstream is much more serious than that in the upstream. Principal component analysis-multiple linear regressions (PCA-MLR) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) methods were used to quantitatively identify pollution sources. The coefficient of determination (R2) of PMF is closer to 1, and the analyzed pollution source is more refined. Furthermore, the result of source identification was imported into the health risk assessment to calculate the hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) of various pollution sources. The results showed that the HI and CR of As and Ni to local residents were serious in the Beiyun River. Industrial activities (23.0%) are considered to be the largest contribution of heavy metals in Beiyun River, followed by traffic source (17%), agricultural source (16%), and atmospheric deposition (16%). The source-oriented risk assessment indicated that the largest contribution of HI and CR is agricultural source in the Beiyun River, followed by industrial activities. This study provides a "target" for the precise control of pollution sources, which is of great significance for improving the fine management of the water environment in the basin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Congbin Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jinhang Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Ying Xiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Meng Ren
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Hantong Qie
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yinjie Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Ruihua Yao
- Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Lu Li
- Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Aijun Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Luthar Z, Golob A, Germ M, Vombergar B, Kreft I. Tartary Buckwheat in Human Nutrition. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:700. [PMID: 33916396 PMCID: PMC8066602 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) originates in mountain areas of western China, and it is mainly cultivated in China, Bhutan, northern India, Nepal, and central Europe. Tartary buckwheat shows greater cold resistance than common buckwheat, and has traits for drought tolerance. Buckwheat can provide health benefits due to its contents of resistant starch, mineral elements, proteins, and in particular, phenolic substances, which prevent the effects of several chronic human diseases, including hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and gallstone formation. The contents of the flavonoids rutin and quercetin are very variable among Tartary buckwheat samples from different origins and parts of the plants. Quercetin is formed after the degradation of rutin by the Tartary buckwheat enzyme rutinosidase, which mainly occurs after grain milling during mixing of the flour with water. High temperature treatments of wet Tartary buckwheat material prevent the conversion of rutin to quercetin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zlata Luthar
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Z.L.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Golob
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Z.L.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Mateja Germ
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Z.L.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Blanka Vombergar
- The Education Centre Piramida Maribor, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Ivan Kreft
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mushtaq T, Shah AA, Akram W, Yasin NA. Synergistic ameliorative effect of iron oxide nanoparticles and Bacillus subtilis S4 against arsenic toxicity in Cucurbita moschata: polyamines, antioxidants, and physiochemical studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1408-1419. [PMID: 32574074 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1781052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study was intended to assess the potential of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and Bacillus subtilis S4 in mitigation of arsenic (As) stress in Cucurbita moschata. Cucurbita moschata seedlings were subjected to As stress for 60 days. Reduced level of growth parameters including photosynthetic pigments, rate of photosynthesis and gas exchange characteristics was observed in seedlings subjected to As stress. However, IONPs and B. subtilis S4 improved growth attributes and proline contents in supplemented C. moschata seedlings. Bacillus subtilis S4 inoculated seedlings showed higher activity of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) under As toxicity. Similarly, the co-application of IONPs and B. subtilis S4 further increased the activity of these antioxidative enzymes. The As stress alleviation in inoculated C. moschata seedlings is credited to reduced levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL) in IONPs and B. subtilis S4-treated plants. Furthermore, synergism between plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and IONPs enhanced the biosynthesis of stress mitigating polyamines including spermidine and putrescine in As-stressed seedlings. Current research reveals that synergistic application of IONPs and B. subtilis S4 is an effective sustainable and ecofriendly approach for alleviation of As stress in C. moschata seedlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarifa Mushtaq
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Akram
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables/Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- Senior Superintendent Garden, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Taher A, Susan MABH, Begum N, Lee IM. Amine-functionalized metal–organic framework-based Pd nanoparticles: highly efficient multifunctional catalysts for base-free aerobic oxidation of different alcohols. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04138f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal–organic framework-based palladium nanoparticles are found to be highly efficient multifunctional catalysts for the base-free aerobic oxidation of different aliphatic, aromatic and hetero-aromatic alcohols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abu Taher
- Department of Industrial and Production Engineering
- European University of Bangladesh
- Mirpur
- Bangladesh
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Noorjahan Begum
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry
- Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University
- Dhaka
- Bangladesh
| | - Ik-Mo Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Inha University
- Incheon 402-751
- South Korea
| |
Collapse
|