1
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Virumbrales C, Hernández-Ruiz R, Trigo-López M, Vallejos S, García JM. Sensory Polymers: Trends, Challenges, and Prospects Ahead. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3852. [PMID: 38931634 PMCID: PMC11207698 DOI: 10.3390/s24123852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, sensory polymers have evolved significantly, emerging as versatile and cost-effective materials valued for their flexibility and lightweight nature. These polymers have transformed into sophisticated, active systems capable of precise detection and interaction, driving innovation across various domains, including smart materials, biomedical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and industrial safety. Their unique responsiveness to specific stimuli has sparked considerable interest and exploration in numerous applications. However, along with these advancements, notable challenges need to be addressed. Issues such as wearable technology integration, biocompatibility, selectivity and sensitivity enhancement, stability and reliability improvement, signal processing optimization, IoT integration, and data analysis pose significant hurdles. When considered collectively, these challenges present formidable barriers to the commercial viability of sensory polymer-based technologies. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach encompassing technological innovation, regulatory compliance, market analysis, and commercialization strategies. Successfully navigating these complexities is essential for unlocking the full potential of sensory polymers and ensuring their widespread adoption and impact across industries, while also providing guidance to the scientific community to focus their research on the challenges of polymeric sensors and to understand the future prospects where research efforts need to be directed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Virumbrales
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (M.T.-L.); (S.V.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Raquel Hernández-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (M.T.-L.); (S.V.); (J.M.G.)
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2
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Rajput SK, Mothika VS. Powders to Thin Films: Advances in Conjugated Microporous Polymer Chemical Sensors. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300730. [PMID: 38407503 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Chemical sensing of harmful species released either from natural or anthropogenic activities is critical to ensuring human safety and health. Over the last decade, conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have been proven to be potential sensor materials with the possibility of realizing sensing devices for practical applications. CMPs found to be unique among other porous materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) due to their high chemical/thermal stability, high surface area, microporosity, efficient host-guest interactions with the analyte, efficient exciton migration along the π-conjugated chains, and tailorable structure to target specific analytes. Several CMP-based optical, electrochemical, colorimetric, and ratiometric sensors with excellent selectivity and sensing performance were reported. This review comprehensively discusses the advances in CMP chemical sensors (powders and thin films) in the detection of nitroaromatic explosives, chemical warfare agents, anions, metal ions, biomolecules, iodine, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with simultaneous delineation of design strategy principles guiding the selectivity and sensitivity of CMP. Preceding this, various photophysical mechanisms responsible for chemical sensing are discussed in detail for convenience. Finally, future challenges to be addressed in the field of CMP chemical sensors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kumar Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Venkata Suresh Mothika
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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3
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Huang Z, Yang T, Yu J, Gao Y, Weng Y, Huang Y, Li S. Ultra-efficient delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 using ionic liquid conjugated polymers for genome editing-based tumor therapy. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1716-1725. [PMID: 38344762 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01981k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Emerging CRISPR-Cas9 systems can rebuild DNA sequences in the genome in a spatiotemporal manner, offering a magic tool for biological research, drug discovery, and gene therapy. However, low delivery efficiency remains a major roadblock hampering the wide application of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing talent. Herein, ionic liquid-conjugated polymers (IL-CPs) are explored as efficient platforms for CRISPR-Cas9 plasmid delivery and in vivo genome editing-based tumor therapy. Via molecular screening of IL-CPs, IL-CPs integrated with fluorination monomers (PBF) can encapsulate plasmids into hybrid nanoparticles and achieve over 90% delivery efficiency in various cells regardless of serum interference. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that PBF can mediate Cas9/PLK1 plasmids for intracellular delivery and therapeutic genome editing in tumor, achieving efficient tumor suppression. This work provides a new tool for safe and efficient CRISPR-Cas9 delivery and therapeutic genome editing, thus opening a new avenue for the development of ionic liquid polymeric vectors for genome editing and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tongren Yang
- School of Medical Technology (Institute of Engineering Medicine), Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yijian Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuhua Weng
- School of Medical Technology (Institute of Engineering Medicine), Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Medical Technology (Institute of Engineering Medicine), Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Shengliang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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4
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Liu S, Guo Y, Jiang Y, Gong Y, Hu Q, Yu L. Single-Chain Conjugated Polymer Guests Confined inside Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Boosting the Detection and Degradation of a Sulfur Mustard Simulant. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38301156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Real-time detection and effective degradation of toxic gases have attracted considerable attention in environmental monitoring and human health. Here, we demonstrate a solvent-assisted dynamic assembly strategy to strongly enhance the detection and degradation performance for 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES, as a sulfur mustard simulant) via confinement of a conjugated polymer in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The conjugated polymer poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorene-altbenzothiadiazole) (F8BT) is infiltrated into one-dimensional nanochannels of the Zr-based topological MOF NU-1000 in a single-chain manner, which is caused by the nanoconfinement effect and the steric hindrance between 9,9-dioctylfluorene units and benzothiadiazole units. The obtained F8BT⊂NU-1000 composites provide a high specific surface area and abundant active sites. Based on the cooperative effect of F8BT and NU-1000, rapid and sensitive detection of CEES has been achieved. Moreover, the F8BT⊂NU-1000 composites can selectively oxidize CEES into 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfoxide (CEESO) under mild photooxidation conditions. Overall, this study opens a new avenue for the fabrication of conjugated polymer/MOF hybrid materials that show great potential for the sensitive detection and effective removal of hazardous chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yongxian Guo
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yifei Jiang
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Yanjun Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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5
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Xiao Y, Li H, Tu M, Sun L, Wang F. Novel AIEE pillar[5]arene-fluorene fluorescent copolymer for selective recognition of paraquat by forming polypseudorotaxane. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123112. [PMID: 37478758 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel conjugated polymer (Co-P[5]Flu) was synthesized by copolymerizing a difunctionalized pillar[5]arene and a fluorene derivative monomer. Co-P[5]Flu displayed an aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) effect because of the restricted intramolecular rotations of the pillar[5]arene unit. Co-P[5]Flu exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity towards the pesticide paraquat (PQ) with excellent anti-interference properties. It presented fluorescence quenching response (1-I/I0=96.6%) only towards paraquat and not towards other competitive guests. The fluorescence titration experiments revealed that the detection limit (LOD) for paraquat was as low as 1.69×10-8 M, and the Stern-Volmer constant (KSV) was determined to be 2.11×104 M-1. The recognition mechanism was studied using both 1H NMR titration and theoretical calculations. The Co-P[5]Flu showed fluorescence quenching for PQ due to the synergistic effect of polypseudorotaxane formation and photoinduced electron transfer (PET). Additionally, the polymer chemosensor demonstrated potential for the detection of paraquat in practical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China.
| | - Man Tu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Lei Sun
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Novel Reactor and Green Chemistry Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
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6
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Concellón A, Castro-Esteban J, Swager TM. Ultratrace PFAS Detection Using Amplifying Fluorescent Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11420-11430. [PMID: 37167538 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Per- and poly(fluoroalkyl) substances (PFAS) are environmentally persistent pollutants that are of growing concern due to their detrimental effects at ultratrace concentrations (ng·L-1) in human and environmental health. Suitable technologies for on-site ultratrace detection of PFAS do not exist and current methods require complex and specialized equipment, making the monitoring of PFAS in distributed water infrastructures extremely challenging. Herein, we describe amplifying fluorescent polymers (AFPs) that can selectively detect perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) at concentrations of ng·L-1. The AFPs are highly fluorinated and have poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) and polyfluorene backbones bearing pyridine-based selectors that react with acidic PFAS via a proton-transfer reaction. The fluorinated regions within the polymers partition PFAS into polymers, whereas the protonated pyridine units create lower-energy traps for the excitons, and emission from these pyridinium sites results in red-shifting of the fluorescence spectra. The AFPs are evaluated in thin-film and nanoparticle forms and can selectively detect PFAS concentrations of ∼1 ppb and ∼100 ppt, respectively. Both polymer films and nanoparticles are not affected by the type of water, and similar responses to PFAS were found in milliQ water, DI water, and well water. These results demonstrate a promising sensing approach for on-site detection of aqueous PFAS in the ng·L-1 range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Concellón
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jesús Castro-Esteban
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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7
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Hameed F, Mohanan M, Ibrahim N, Ochonma C, Rodríguez-López J, Gavvalapalli N. Controlling π-Conjugated Polymer-Acceptor Interactions by Designing Polymers with a Mixture of π-Face Strapped and Nonstrapped Monomers. Macromolecules 2023; 56:3421-3429. [PMID: 38510570 PMCID: PMC10950295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Controlling π-conjugated polymer-acceptor complex interaction, including the interaction strength and location along the polymer backbone, is central to organic electronics and energy applications. Straps in the strapped π-conjugated polymers mask the π-face of the polymer backbone and hence are useful to control the interactions of the π-face of the polymer backbone with other polymer chains and small molecules compared to the conventional pendant solubilizing chains. Herein, we have synthesized a series of strapped π-conjugated copolymers containing a mixture of strapped and nonstrapped comonomers to control the polymer-acceptor interactions. Simulations confirmed that the acceptor is directed toward the nonstrapped repeat unit. More importantly, strapped copolymers overcome a major drawback of homopolymers and display higher photoinduced photoluminescence (PL) quenching, which is a measure of electron transfer from the polymer to acceptor, compared to that of both the strapped homopolymer and the conventional polymer with pendant solubilizing chains. We have also shown that this strategy applies not only to strapped polymers, but also to the conventional polymers with pendant solubilizing chains. The increase in PL quenching is attributed to the absence of a steric sheath around the comonomers and their random location along the polymer backbone, which enhances the probability of non-neighbor acceptor binding events along the polymer backbone. Thus, by mixing insulated and noninsulated monomers along the polymer backbone, the location of the acceptor along the polymer backbone, polymer-acceptor interaction strength, and the efficiency of photoinduced charge transfer are controllable compared to the homopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Hameed
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
- Institute
for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Manikandan Mohanan
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
- Institute
for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Nafisa Ibrahim
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Charles Ochonma
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
- Institute
for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Joaquín Rodríguez-López
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nagarjuna Gavvalapalli
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
- Institute
for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
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8
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Wang Z, Lin H, Zhang M, Yu W, Zhu C, Wang P, Huang Y, Lv F, Bai H, Wang S. Water-soluble conjugated polymers for bioelectronic systems. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1210-1233. [PMID: 36752220 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01520j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics is an interdisciplinary field of research that aims to establish a synergy between electronics and biology. Contributing to a deeper understanding of bioelectronic processes and the built bioelectronic systems, a variety of new phenomena, mechanisms and concepts have been derived in the field of biology, medicine, energy, artificial intelligence science, etc. Organic semiconductors can promote the applications of bioelectronics in improving original performance and creating new features for organisms due to their excellent photoelectric and electrical properties. Recently, water-soluble conjugated polymers (WSCPs) have been employed as a class of ideal interface materials to regulate bioelectronic processes between biological systems and electronic systems, relying on their satisfying ionic conductivity, water-solubility, good biocompatibility and the additional mechanical and electrical properties. In this review, we summarize the prominent contributions of WSCPs in the aspect of the regulation of bioelectronic processes and highlight the latest advances in WSCPs for bioelectronic applications, involving biosynthetic systems, photosynthetic systems, biophotovoltaic systems, and bioelectronic devices. The challenges and outlooks of WSCPs in designing high-performance bioelectronic systems are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hongrui Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Wen Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chuanwei Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Yiming Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Haotian Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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9
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Jin YJ, Si BM, Kim E, Lee J, Kim H, Kwak G, Sakaguchi T, Lee J, Song IY, Lee CL, Kim JH, Heo K, Lee WE. Reusable, Ultrasensitive, Patterned Conjugated Polyelectrolyte-Surfactant Complex Film with a Wide Detection Range for Copper Ion Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12339-12349. [PMID: 36847579 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) are emerging as promising materials in the sensor field because they enable high-sensitivity detection of various substances in aqueous media. However, most CPE-based sensors have serious problems in real-world application because the sensor system is operated only when the CPE is dissolved in aqueous media. Here, the fabrication and performance of a water-swellable (WS) CPE-based sensor driven in the solid state are demonstrated. The WS CPE films are prepared by immersing a water-soluble CPE film in cationic surfactants of different alkyl chain lengths in a chloroform solution. The prepared film exhibits rapid, limited water swellability despite the absence of chemical crosslinking. The water swellability of the film enables the highly sensitive and selective detection of Cu2+ in water. The fluorescence quenching constant and the detection limit of the film are 7.24 × 106 L mol-1 and 4.38 nM (0.278 ppb), respectively. Moreover, the film is reusable via a facile treatment. Furthermore, various fluorescent patterns introduced by different surfactants are successfully fabricated by a simple stamping method. By integrating the patterns, Cu2+ detection in a wide concentration range (nM-mM) can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jae Jin
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Beom-Min Si
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Eonji Kim
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Jineun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Polymeric Nanomaterials Laboratory, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Heesang Kim
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Polymeric Nanomaterials Laboratory, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Giseop Kwak
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Polymeric Nanomaterials Laboratory, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Toshikazu Sakaguchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Jinhee Lee
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - In Young Song
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Chang-Lyoul Lee
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Joon Heon Kim
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Kyuyoung Heo
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Wang-Eun Lee
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
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10
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Sarkar M, Patra A. N, N'-octyl biphenothiazine and dibenzothiophene dioxide-based soluble porous organic polymer for biphasic photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2584-2587. [PMID: 36692376 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06321b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A donor-acceptor-based soluble porous organic polymer (PzDBS) was fabricated using a flexible core composed of N,N'-octyl biphenothiazine and a rigid building unit involving dibenzothiophene dioxide. The soluble porous organic polymer was explored for aqueous-organic biphasic photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, introducing a promising avenue in the domain of porous polymer photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India.
| | - Abhijit Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India.
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11
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Liu R, Ko CC. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Luminescent Chemosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:295. [PMID: 36832061 PMCID: PMC9953969 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based luminescent chemosensors combine the advantages of the highly specific molecular recognition of the imprinting sites and the high sensitivity with the luminescence detection. These advantages have drawn great attention during the past two decades. Luminescent molecularly imprinted polymers (luminescent MIPs) towards different targeted analytes are constructed with different strategies, such as the incorporation of luminescent functional monomers, physical entrapment, covalent attachment of luminescent signaling elements on the MIPs, and surface-imprinting polymerization on the luminescent nanomaterials. In this review, we will discuss the design strategies and sensing approaches of luminescent MIP-based chemosensors, as well as their selected applications in biosensing, bioimaging, food safety, and clinical diagnosis. The limitations and prospects for the future development of MIP-based luminescent chemosensors will also be discussed.
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12
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Tümay SO, Şenocak A, Çoşut B, Alidağı HA, Yeşilot S. A water-soluble small molecular fluorescent sensor based on phosphazene platform for selective detection of nitroaromatic compounds. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00388-3. [PMID: 36807055 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00388-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Nitro-aromatic compounds have a deleterious effect on the environment and they are extremely explosive. Therefore, societal concern about exposure to nitro-aromatic compounds encourages researchers to develop selective and sensitive detection platforms for nitro-aromatic compounds in recent years. In this paper, a new 100% water-soluble cyclotriphosphazene-based bridged naphthalene material (4) was prepared as a small molecule fluorescent sensor for ultra-selective detection of nitro-aromatic compounds. The chemical structure of 4 was extensively characterized by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies (31P, 13C, 1H). The photo-physical properties of the newly developed sensing system were investigated by steady-state fluorescence and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopies. The fluorescence sensor behaviors were extensively evaluated after treatment with the most commonly used metal cations, anions, competitive aromatic compounds, saccharides, and organic acids. The developed fluorescent sensing system (4) demonstrated ultra-selective fluorescence "turn-off" signal change toward nitro-aromatic compounds while other tested competitive species caused negligible changes. To evaluate selectivity, time-resolved, steady-state 3D-fluorescence and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopies were used in fully aqueous media. Moreover, theoretical calculations (density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory) were applied and discussed to identify fluorescence sensing mechanisms toward nitroaromatic compounds for the presented sensing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süreyya Oğuz Tümay
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Şenocak
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Bünyemin Çoşut
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | | | - Serkan Yeşilot
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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13
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A Poly(carbazole-alt-triazole) with Thiabendazole Side Groups as an "On-Off-On" Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Cu(II) Ion and Cysteine. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03164-9. [PMID: 36790630 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel conjugated polymer PCZBTA-TBZ containing thiabendazole as recognition unit was synthesized via Suzuki coupling reaction, and its structural characterization, spectroscopic analysis and photophysical properties were investigated. In the metal ion response study, the addition of Cu2+ led to the occurrence of the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism, which significantly quenched the fluorescence of the polymer PCZBTA-TBZ with a quenching effect of 98%. Furthermore, I- can significantly quench the fluorescence of the polymer, but other anions have no such effect. According to the density functional theory calculation, compared with other polycarbazoles or other alternative copolymers containing carbazole, with alternating carbazole and triazole enhances the electron mobility and reduces the energy band gap of the polymer. Due to the strong coordination ability between Cu2+ and Cys, the adding Cys competes the Cu2+ in the [PCZBTA-TBZ-Cu2+] complex, blocking the occurrence of PET, and the fluorescence intensity of PCZBTA-TBZ is restored. The addition of other amino acids caused almost no change. The polymer is expected to be used for dual fluorescence detection of specific metal ions and Cys.
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14
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Biswas S, Chowdhury A. Organic Supercapacitors as the Next Generation Energy Storage Device: Emergence, Opportunity, and Challenges. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200567. [PMID: 36215082 PMCID: PMC10092279 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing new materials for developing high-energy storage devices set off research in the field of organic supercapacitors. Various attractive properties like high energy density, lower device weight, excellent cycling stability, and impressive pseudocapacitive nature make organic supercapacitors suitable candidates for high-end storage device applications. This review highlights the overall progress and future of organic supercapacitors. Sustainable energy production and storage depend on low cost, large supercapacitor packs with high energy density. Organic supercapacitors with high pseudocapacitance, lightweight form factor, and higher device potential are alternatives to other energy storage devices. There are many recent ongoing research works that focus on organic electrolytes along with the material aspect of organic supercapacitors. This review summarizes the current research status and the chemistry behind the storage mechanism in organic supercapacitors to overcome the challenges and achieve superior performance for future opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Southern District, Israel
| | - Ananya Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institution of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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15
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A short review article on conjugated polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2023. [PMCID: PMC9947454 DOI: 10.1007/s10965-023-03451-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a brief review of conjugated polymers and the various typical polymerization reactions exploited by the community to synthesise different conjugated polyelectrolytes with varied conjugated backbone systems. We further discuss with detailed emphasises the mechanism involved such as photo-induced electron transfer, resonance energy transfer, and intra-molecular charge transfer in the detection or sensing of various analytes. Owing to their excellent photo-physical properties, facile synthesis, ease of functionalization, good biocompatibility, optical stability, high quantum yield, and strong fluorescence emission. Conjugated polymers have been explored for wide applications such as chemical and biological sensors, drug delivery and drug screening, cancer therapeutics and imaging. As such we believe it will be a timely review article for the community.
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16
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Zhang C, Zheng R, Li S, Yang K, Tai S, Tao Y, Zhang S, Zhang K. Using a dual-emission Sm( iii)-macrocycle as the perceptive lab-on-a-molecule chemosensor toward selective and discriminative detection of nitroaromatic explosives. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3nj00627a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
A dual-emission Sm(iii)-macrocycle Sm-2l is designed as the perceptive lab-on-a-molecule toward selective and discriminative detection of nitroaromatic explosives by statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ruijie Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Sichen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Kang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Shengdi Tai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yinsong Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Shishen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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17
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Yoon Y, Jo S, Lee DH, Lee TS. Synthesis of fluorescent, ortho-azonaphthol-containing conjugated polymer for ratiometric fluoride ion sensing. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Nikam SB, Pratap Singh C, Krishnamurty S, SK A. Structure-property insights into chiral thiophene copolymers by direct heteroarylation polymerization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Random Copolymers of Styrene with Pendant Fluorophore Moieties: Synthesis and Applications as Fluorescence Sensors for Nitroaromatics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206957. [PMID: 36296548 PMCID: PMC9612241 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Five random copolymers comprising styrene and styrene with pendant fluorophore moieties, namely pyrene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and triphenylamine, in molar ratios of 10:1, were synthesized and employed as fluorescent sensors. Their photophysical properties were investigated using absorption and emission spectral analyses in dichloromethane solution and in solid state. All copolymers possessed relative quantum yields up to 0.3 in solution and absolute quantum yields up to 0.93 in solid state, depending on their fluorophore components. Fluorescence studies showed that the emission of these copolymers is highly sensitive towards various nitroaromatic compounds, both in solution and in the vapor phase. The detection limits of these fluorophores for nitroaromatic compounds in dichloromethane solution proved to be in the range of 10−6 to 10−7 mol/L. The sensor materials for new hand-made sniffers based on these fluorophores were prepared by electrospinning and applied for the reliable detection of nitrobenzene vapors at 1 ppm in less than 5 min.
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Costa T, Knaapila M, Stewart B, Ramos ML, Justino LLG, Valente AJM, Dalgliesh R, Rogers SE, Kraft M, Allard S, Scherf U, Burrows HD. Nanostructuring with Surfactants: The Self-Assembly of a New Poly(thiophene-phenylene) Conjugated Polymer Bearing Azacrown Ether Pendant Groups. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:11845-11859. [PMID: 36121768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a new conjugated polymer bearing crown ether moieties, poly[(N(1-aza-[18]crown-6)carbamido)thiophene-2,5-diyl-alt-1,4-phenylene] (BG2). In water, BG2 forms a dispersion with a slightly cloudy appearance. We have studied the effect of adding surfactants, with different polar head groups, on these polymer-polymer aggregates. Special attention is given to the system with the anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The combination of photophysical techniques with electrical conductivity, NMR (1H, 13C, and 27Na), DFT calculations, molecular dynamics simulations, and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) provides a detailed picture on the behavior of the SDS/BG2 system in aqueous solution and in thin films. NMR, electric conductivity, and DFT results suggest that hydrophilic interactions occur between the polar headgroup of the surfactant (OSO3- Na+) and the aza-[18]-crown-6 moiety. DFT calculations confirmed the capability of BG2 to form stable complexes with the Na+ cations, where the cation can be either inside the azacrown cavity or sandwiched between the cavity and the polymer chain, which seem to determine the position of the surfactant hydrocarbon chain and, therefore, be responsible for the disruption of the BG2 aggregates and subsequent increase in the photoluminescence quantum yields. SANS measurements, made with hydrogenated and deuterated SDS in D2O, clearly show how micron-sized aggregates of BG2 are broken down by SDS and then how BG2 becomes preferentially incorporated within joint colloidal particles of BG2 and SDS with increasing [SDS]/[BG2] molar ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Costa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Coimbra P-3004-535, Portugal
| | - Matti Knaapila
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Beverly Stewart
- Polymer and Biomaterials Chemistry Laboratories, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - M Luísa Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Coimbra P-3004-535, Portugal
| | - Licinia L G Justino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Coimbra P-3004-535, Portugal
| | - Artur J M Valente
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Coimbra P-3004-535, Portugal
| | - Robert Dalgliesh
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, ISIS STFC, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Rogers
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, ISIS STFC, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Kraft
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (buwmacro), Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gauß-Strasse. 20, 42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sybille Allard
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (buwmacro), Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gauß-Strasse. 20, 42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ullrich Scherf
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (buwmacro), Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gauß-Strasse. 20, 42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hugh D Burrows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Coimbra P-3004-535, Portugal
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21
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Wang Z, Gou X, Shi Q, Liu K, Chang X, Wang G, Xu W, Lin S, Liu T, Fang Y. Through‐Space Charge Transfer: A New Way to Develop a High‐Performance Fluorescence Sensing Film towards Opto‐Electronically Inert Alkanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207619. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Gou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Qiyuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Ke Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Xingmao Chang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Simin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Taihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
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22
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Sinsinbar G, Gudlur S, Liedberg B. Rapid Detection of Escherichia coli: Optimized Peptide-Polythiophene Interactions Help Reduce Assay Time and Improve Naked-Eye Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:31541-31550. [PMID: 35797225 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent improvements in methods for rapid detection of microbial contamination in food and water samples have aided in the development of on-site and point-of-care testing. Early detection, made possible via on-site testing, can help limit the spread of food and waterborne illnesses. Recently, we reported a novel fluorescence-based Omptin-Polythiophene assay (the assay) to detect Escherichia coli in contaminated water samples. The assay targets OmpT─an E. coli outer membrane protease─and exploits the protease's ability to cleave at dibasic sites within a peptide. By combining a peptide substrate optimized for OmpT with a conjugated polythiophene reporter molecule whose optical properties vary upon interaction with the intact or cleaved peptide, we demonstrated the detection of 1-10 CFU/mL and 105 CFU/mL E. coli in 5.5 and 1 h, respectively. In comparison, most microbial detection methods that rely on culturing and plating techniques take anywhere between 8 and 24 h to report their results. Herein we report significant improvements in the assay which include reducing the assay time from an already short 1 h to a mere 10 min for detecting E. coli in highly contaminated samples and augmenting the assay with colorimetric sensing capability for naked eye discernment under normal visible light or under UV-A light. These improvements were made possible by characterizing the optical changes resulting from the interaction of the peptide with five carboxylate-functionalized polythiophene variants carrying different 3- side chain carboxylic acids and by identifying preferential peptide substrates via the screening of ten peptide sequence variants for OmpT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sinsinbar
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Sushanth Gudlur
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
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23
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Chen S, Peng L, Liu Y, Gao X, Zhang Y, Tang C, Zhai Z, Yang L, Wu W, He X, Liu LL, He F, Xia H. Conjugated polymers based on metalla-aromatic building blocks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203701119. [PMID: 35858304 PMCID: PMC9303910 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203701119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated polymers usually require strategies to expand the range of wavelengths absorbed and increase solubility. Developing effective strategies to enhance both properties remains challenging. Herein, we report syntheses of conjugated polymers based on a family of metalla-aromatic building blocks via a polymerization method involving consecutive carbyne shuttling processes. The involvement of metal d orbitals in aromatic systems efficiently reduces band gaps and enriches the electron transition pathways of the chromogenic repeat unit. These enable metalla-aromatic conjugated polymers to exhibit broad and strong ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption bands. Bulky ligands on the metal suppress π-π stacking of polymer chains and thus increase solubility. These conjugated polymers show robust stability toward light, heat, water, and air. Kinetic studies using NMR experiments and UV-Vis spectroscopy, coupled with the isolation of well-defined model oligomers, revealed the polymerization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Lixia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Chun Tang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Zhenghao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Weitai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xumin He
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China
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24
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Hussain S, Chen X, Wang C, Hao Y, Tian X, He Y, Li J, Shahid M, Iyer PK, Gao R. Aggregation and Binding-Directed FRET Modulation of Conjugated Polymer Materials for Selective and Point-of-Care Monitoring of Serum Albumins. Anal Chem 2022; 94:10685-10694. [PMID: 35849826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonspecific interactions of conjugated polymers (CPs) with various proteins prove to be a major impediment for researchers when designing a suitable CP-based probe for the amplified and selective recognition of particular proteins in complex body fluids. Herein, a new strategy is presented for the precise and specific monitoring of clinically important serum albumin (SA) proteins at the nanomolar level using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-modulated CP-surfactant ensembles as superior sensing materials. In brief, the newly designed color-tunable CP PF-DBT-Im undergoes intense aggregation with the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), enabling drastic change in the emission color from violet to deep red due to intermolecular FRET. The emission of PF-DBT-Im/SDS ensembles then changed from deep red to magenta specifically on addition of SAs owing to the exclusive reverse FRET facilitated by synergistic effects of electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic forces, and the comparatively high intrinsic quantum yield of SAs. Interestingly, PF-DBT-Im itself could not differentiate SAs from other proteins, demonstrating the superiority of the PF-DBT-Im/SDS self-assembly over PF-DBT-Im. Finally, an affordable smartphone-integrated point-of-care (PoC) device is also fabricated as a proof-of-concept for the on-site and rapid monitoring of SAs, validating the potential of the system in long-term clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Hussain
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
| | - Chaofeng Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
| | - Yi Hao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China.,School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710061, China
| | - Xuemeng Tian
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
| | - Yulian He
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiaotong University Joint Institute, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
| | - M Shahid
- Functional Inorganic Materials Lab (FIML), Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Parameswar Krishnan Iyer
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ruixia Gao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaan'xi 710049, China
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25
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Wang Z, Gou X, Shi Q, Liu K, Chang X, Wang G, Xu W, Lin S, Liu T, Fang Y. Through‐Space Charge Transfer: A New Way to Develop High‐Performance Fluorescence Sensing Film towards Opto‐Electronically Inert Alkanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Wang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xinyu Gou
- Shaanxi Normal University Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education CHINA
| | - Qiyuan Shi
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ke Liu
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xingmao Chang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Gang Wang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Simin Lin
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Taihong Liu
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yu Fang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 199 South Chang'an Road 710119 Xi'an CHINA
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26
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Giri D, Raut SK, Behera CK, Patra SK. Diketopyrrollopyrrole anchored carbazole-alt-thiophene based Fe3+-coordinated metallopolymer for the selective recognition of ATP. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of recent developments in the field of volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors, which are finding uses in healthcare, safety, environmental monitoring, food and agriculture, oil industry, and other fields. It starts by briefly explaining the basics of VOC sensing and reviewing the currently available and quickly progressing VOC sensing approaches. It then discusses the main trends in materials' design with special attention to nanostructuring and nanohybridization. Emerging sensing materials and strategies are highlighted and their involvement in the different types of sensing technologies is discussed, including optical, electrical, and gravimetric sensors. The review also provides detailed discussions about the main limitations of the field and offers potential solutions. The status of the field and suggestions of promising directions for future development are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khatib
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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28
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Yu C, Zheng Q, Wang L, Wang T, Zheng X, Gao G. A prototype of benzobis(imidazolium)-embedded conjugated polyelectrolyte: Synthesis by direct C‒H arylation and fluorescent responses to anions. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.09.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Highly Conjugated Carbazole and Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline based Small Molecules for Fluorescent Detection of Nitroexplosives. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Sarfaraz S, Yar M, Ali Khan A, Ahmad R, Ayub K. DFT investigation of adsorption of nitro-explosives over C2N surface: Highly selective towards trinitro benzene. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Krämer J, Kang R, Grimm LM, De Cola L, Picchetti P, Biedermann F. Molecular Probes, Chemosensors, and Nanosensors for Optical Detection of Biorelevant Molecules and Ions in Aqueous Media and Biofluids. Chem Rev 2022; 122:3459-3636. [PMID: 34995461 PMCID: PMC8832467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors used in combination with innovative assay protocols hold great potential for the development of robust, low-cost, and fast-responding sensors that are applicable in biofluids (urine, blood, and saliva). Particularly, the development of sensors for metabolites, neurotransmitters, drugs, and inorganic ions is highly desirable due to a lack of suitable biosensors. In addition, the monitoring and analysis of metabolic and signaling networks in cells and organisms by optical probes and chemosensors is becoming increasingly important in molecular biology and medicine. Thus, new perspectives for personalized diagnostics, theranostics, and biochemical/medical research will be unlocked when standing limitations of artificial binders and receptors are overcome. In this review, we survey synthetic sensing systems that have promising (future) application potential for the detection of small molecules, cations, and anions in aqueous media and biofluids. Special attention was given to sensing systems that provide a readily measurable optical signal through dynamic covalent chemistry, supramolecular host-guest interactions, or nanoparticles featuring plasmonic effects. This review shall also enable the reader to evaluate the current performance of molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors in terms of sensitivity and selectivity with respect to practical requirement, and thereby inspiring new ideas for the development of further advanced systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Krämer
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Rui Kang
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Laura M. Grimm
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Dipartimento
DISFARM, University of Milano, via Camillo Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department
of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierre Picchetti
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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32
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Pan D, Jana B, Ganguly J. Detection of
o
‐nitro aniline by bovine serum albumin based self‐fluorescent hydrogel via
FRET
process. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipika Pan
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur Howrah West‐Bengal India
| | - Biswajit Jana
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur Howrah West‐Bengal India
| | - Jhuma Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur Howrah West‐Bengal India
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33
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Conjugated polymer nanoparticles and their nanohybrids as smart photoluminescent and photoresponsive material for biosensing, imaging, and theranostics. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:83. [PMID: 35118576 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05153-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of conjugated polymers (CPs) has provided a pathway to attain smart multifunctional conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) with enhanced properties and diverse applications. CPNs based on π-extended CPs exhibit high fluorescence brightness, low cytotoxicity, excellent photostability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ability, high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE), etc. which endorse them as an excellent theranostic tool. Furthermore, the unique light-harvesting and energy transfer properties of CPNs enables their transformation into smart functional nanohybrids with augmented performance. Owing to such numerous features, simple preparation method and an easy separation process, the CPNs and their hybrids have been constantly rising as a frontrunner in the domain of medicine and much work has been done in the respective research area. This review summarizes the recent progress that has been made in the field of CPNs for biological and biomedical applications with special emphasis on biosensing, imaging, and theranostics. Following an introduction into the field, a first large section provides overview of the conventional as well as recently established synthetic methods for various types of CPNs. Then, the CPNs-based fluorometric assays for biomolecules based on different detection strategies have been described. Later on, examples of CPNs-based probes for imaging, both in vitro and in vivo using cancer cells and animal models have been explored. The next section highlighted the vital theranostic applications of CPNs and corresponding nanohybrids, mainly via imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT) and drug delivery. The last section summarizes the current challenges and gives an outlook on the potential future trends on CPNs as advanced healthcare material.
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34
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Pragya, Saini V, Rangan K, Khungar B. A pyrazinium-based fluorescent chemosensor for the selective detection of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in an aqueous medium. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02999e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent pyrazinium-based chemosensor has been synthesized, characterized, and employed for the selective detection of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in an aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Vaishali Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Krishnan Rangan
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Secunderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Bharti Khungar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
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35
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Yamaguchi I, Fukumoto D, Wang A. Synthesis and optical properties of
π‐conjugated
polymers and oligomers bearing hexaphenylbenzene and tetraphenyl ethene units. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isao Yamaguchi
- Department of Materials Chemistry Shimane University Matsue Japan
| | - Daiki Fukumoto
- Department of Materials Chemistry Shimane University Matsue Japan
| | - Aohan Wang
- Department of Materials Chemistry Shimane University Matsue Japan
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36
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Meng Z, Mirica KA. Covalent organic frameworks as multifunctional materials for chemical detection. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:13498-13558. [PMID: 34787136 PMCID: PMC9264329 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00600b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive and selective detection of chemical and biological analytes is critical in various scientific and technological fields. As an emerging class of multifunctional materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with their unique properties of chemical modularity, large surface area, high stability, low density, and tunable pore sizes and functionalities, which together define their programmable properties, show promise in advancing chemical detection. This review demonstrates the recent progress in chemical detection where COFs constitute an integral component of the achieved function. This review highlights how the unique properties of COFs can be harnessed to develop different types of chemical detection systems based on the principles of chromism, luminescence, electrical transduction, chromatography, spectrometry, and others to achieve highly sensitive and selective detection of various analytes, ranging from gases, volatiles, ions, to biomolecules. The key parameters of detection performance for target analytes are summarized, compared, and analyzed from the perspective of the detection mechanism and structure-property-performance correlations of COFs. Conclusions summarize the current accomplishments and analyze the challenges and limitations that exist for chemical detection under different mechanisms. Perspectives on how future directions of research can advance the COF-based chemical detection through innovation in novel COF design and synthesis, progress in device fabrication, and exploration of novel modes of detection are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, 41 College Street, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| | - Katherine A Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, 41 College Street, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
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37
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Lei P, Li Q, Meng T, Deng K, Wan J, Xiao X, Zeng Q. Diverse Self-assembly Structures of a Macrocycle Revealed with STM by Adjusting the Solution Concentration. Chem Asian J 2021; 17:e202101246. [PMID: 34843178 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The macrocyclic molecule [3]C12 TT-TPA was synthesized by a Stille coupling reaction through alternately connecting 4,7-bisthienyl-2,1,3-thienothiazole and triphenylamine units. The concentration-dependent self-assembly structures of [3]C12 TT-TPA were explored in liquid/solid interface by scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory. After increasing the solution concentration, five different nanostructures were constructed and the molecular packing densities were gradually enhanced. Those structural transformations from loose structures to compact structures are thermodynamically favourable because those transformations are accompanied by the adsorption of more [3]C12 TT-TPA molecules from liquid phase, which increases the interactions between molecules and the interactions between molecules and substrate considerably. This study of fundamental exploration is important to understand the basic formation mechanisms and the stability of two-dimensional functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lei
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Qianhui Li
- Key Laboratory of organosilicon chemistry and material technology of ministry of education, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318 yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Ting Meng
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ke Deng
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Wan
- Key Laboratory of organosilicon chemistry and material technology of ministry of education, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318 yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xunwen Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Qingdao Zeng
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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38
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Chong H, Xu Y, Han Y, Yan C, Su D, Wang C. Pillar[5]arene‐based “Three‐components” Supramolecular Assembly and the Performance of Nitrobenzene‐based Explosive Fluorescence Sensing. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chong
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University City of Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yinghui Xu
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University City of Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University City of Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Chaoguo Yan
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University City of Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Dawei Su
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences University of Technology Sydney City campus, Broadway Sydney NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Chengyin Wang
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University City of Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province China
- Testing Centre Yangzhou University City of Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Province China
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39
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Funtan A, Michael P, Rost S, Omeis J, Lienert K, Binder WH. Self-Diagnostic Polymers-Inline Detection of Thermal Degradation of Unsaturated Poly(ester imide)s. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2100068. [PMID: 33783026 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring polymer degradation is an important quest, particularly relevant for industry. Although many indirect methodologies for assessing polymer degradation exist, only few are applicable for an inline-monitoring via optic detection-systems. An inline-monitoring system is introduced for the thermal degradation of crosslinked poly(ester imide)s (PEIs) by embedding trifluoroacetyl functionalized stilbene molecules, serving as chemosensors to track the release of generated alcoholic byproducts. Nucleophilic addition of an alcohol to the sensors trifluoroacetyl functionality triggers hemiacetal formation which is accompanied by significant changes in optical properties, in turn allowing monitoring of sensor activation by direct spectroscopy. Fluorescence spectroscopy offers an easy detection tool for the inline thermal monitoring of PEI-degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Funtan
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Philipp Michael
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simon Rost
- ELANTAS Europe GmbH, Großmannstraße 105, 20539, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Lienert
- ELANTAS Europe GmbH, Großmannstraße 105, 20539, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Binder
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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40
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Kim H, Koo B. Iron(III) Sensors Based on the Fluorescence Quenching of Poly(phenylene ethynylene)s and Iron-Detecting PDMS Pads. Macromol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-021-9041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Levine M. Fluorescence-Based Sensing of Pesticides Using Supramolecular Chemistry. Front Chem 2021; 9:616815. [PMID: 33937184 PMCID: PMC8085505 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.616815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of pesticides in real-world environments is a high priority for a broad range of applications, including in areas of public health, environmental remediation, and agricultural sustainability. While many methods for pesticide detection currently exist, the use of supramolecular fluorescence-based methods has significant practical advantages. Herein, we will review the use of fluorescence-based pesticide detection methods, with a particular focus on supramolecular chemistry-based methods. Illustrative examples that show how such methods have achieved success in real-world environments are also included, as are areas highlighted for future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy Levine
- Ariel University, Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel, Israel
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42
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43
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Kei P, Howell MT, Chavez CA, Mai JC, Do C, Hong K, Nesterov EE. Kinetically Controlled Formation of Semi-crystalline Conjugated Polymer Nanostructures. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kei
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Mitchell T. Howell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
| | - Carlos A. Chavez
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Joseph C. Mai
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Changwoo Do
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Evgueni E. Nesterov
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
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44
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Kim B, Heo JM, Khazi MI, Kim JM. Reversible Solvatochromism of Polydiacetylenes Based on Extensively Hydrogen-Bonded Tubular Arrays. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bubsung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jung-Moo Heo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Mohammed Iqbal Khazi
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jong-Man Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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45
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Glackin JME, Gillanders RN, Eriksson F, Fjällgren M, Engblom J, Mohammed S, Samuel IDW, Turnbull GA. Explosives detection by swabbing for improvised explosive devices. Analyst 2021; 145:7956-7963. [PMID: 33034590 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01312a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Swabs taken from the surface of a suspicious object are a standard method of identifying a concealed explosive device in security-conscious locations like airports. In this paper we demonstrate a sensitive method to collect and detect trace explosive residues from improvised explosive devices using swabs and an optical sensor element. Swabs coated with a commercial fluoropolymer are used to collect material and are subsequently heated to thermally desorb the explosives, causing the quenching of light emission from a thin film luminescent sensor. We report the sorption and desorption characteristics of swabs loaded with 2,4-DNT tested with Super Yellow fluorescent sensors in a laboratory setting, with detection that is up to three orders of magnitude more sensitive than standard colorimetric tests. The method was then applied in field tests with raw military-grade explosives TNT, PETN and RDX, on various objects containing the explosives, and post-blast craters. We show for the first time results using organic semiconductors to detect sub-milligram amounts of explosive sorbed onto a substrate from real explosives in the field, giving a promising new approach for IED detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M E Glackin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, Scotland.
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46
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Dai C, Yang D, Hu Y, Deng Y, Yang X, Liu Z. A novel boron ketoiminate-based conjugated polymer with large Stokes shift: AIEE feature and cell imaging application. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06112c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel π-extended boron ketoiminate-based conjugated polymer with a typical AIEE feature has been successfully synthesized and used for cell imaging application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Dai
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang 330013
- P. R. China
- School of Chemistry
| | - Dongliang Yang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech)
- 30 South Puzhu Road
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Yanling Hu
- School of Electrical and Control Engineering
- Nanjing Polytechnic Institute
- 625 Geguan Road
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Yue Deng
- School of Chemistry
- Biology, and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang 330013
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoman Yang
- School of Chemistry
- Biology, and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang 330013
- P. R. China
| | - Zhonglin Liu
- School of Chemistry
- Biology, and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang 330013
- P. R. China
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47
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Pastoetter DL, Xu S, Borrelli M, Addicoat M, Biswal BP, Paasch S, Dianat A, Thomas H, Berger R, Reineke S, Brunner E, Cuniberti G, Richter M, Feng X. Synthesis of Vinylene-Linked Two-Dimensional Conjugated Polymers via the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23620-23625. [PMID: 32959467 PMCID: PMC7814668 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate the first synthesis of vinylene-linked 2D CPs, namely, 2D poly(phenylenequinoxalinevinylene)s 2D-PPQV1 and 2D-PPQV2, via the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) reaction of C2 -symmetric 1,4-bis(diethylphosphonomethyl)benzene or 4,4'-bis(diethylphosphonomethyl)biphenyl with C3 -symmetric 2,3,8,9,14,15-hexa(4-formylphenyl)diquinoxalino[2,3-a:2',3'-c]phenazine as monomers. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations unveil the crucial role of the initial reversible C-C single bond formation for the synthesis of crystalline 2D CPs. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) studies and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements demonstrate the formation of proclaimed crystalline, dual-pore structures with surface areas of up to 440 m2 g-1 . More importantly, the optoelectronic properties of the obtained 2D-PPQV1 (Eg =2.2 eV) and 2D-PPQV2 (Eg =2.2 eV) are compared with those of cyano-vinylene-linked 2D-CN-PPQV1 (Eg =2.4 eV) produced by the Knoevenagel reaction and imine-linked 2D COF analog (2D-C=N-PPQV1, Eg =2.3 eV), unambiguously proving the superior conjugation of the vinylene-linked 2D CPs using the HWE reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik L. Pastoetter
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Shunqi Xu
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Mino Borrelli
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Matthew Addicoat
- School of Science and TechnologyNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamNG118NSUK
| | - Bishnu P. Biswal
- Department of ChemistryAshoka UniversityRajiv Gandhi Education CitySonipat (Delhi NCR)Haryana131029India
| | - Silvia Paasch
- Chair of Bioanalytical ChemistryFaculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Chair of Material Science and NanotechnologyFaculty of Mechanical Science and EngineeringTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Heidi Thomas
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP)Technische Universität Dresden01187DresdenGermany
| | - Reinhard Berger
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Sebastian Reineke
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP)Technische Universität Dresden01187DresdenGermany
| | - Eike Brunner
- Chair of Bioanalytical ChemistryFaculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Chair of Material Science and NanotechnologyFaculty of Mechanical Science and EngineeringTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Marcus Richter
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Chair of Molecular Functional Materials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
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Fluorescent Calix[4]arene-Carbazole-Containing Polymers as Sensors for Nitroaromatic Explosives. CHEMOSENSORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors8040128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Two highly fluorescent calix[4]arene-containing phenylene-alt-ethynylene-carbazolylene polymers (Calix-PPE-CBZs) were used in the detection of explosives from the nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) family, in solution and in vapour phases. Both fluorophores exhibit high sensitivity and selectivity towards NACs detection. The quenching efficiencies in solution, assessed through static Stern-Volmer constants (KSV), follow the order picric acid (PA) >> 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) > 2,4-dinitrotoluene > (2,4-DNT) > nitrobenzene (NB). These correlate very well with the NACs electron affinities, as evaluated from their lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) energies, indicating a photo-induced electron transfer as the dominant mechanism in fluorescence quenching. Moreover, and most interesting, detection of TNT, 2,4-DNT and NB vapours via thin-films of Calix-PPE-CBZs revealed a remarkably sensitive response to these analytes, comparable to state-of-the-art chemosensors. The study also analyses and compares the current results to previous disclosed data on the detection of NACs by several calix[4]arene-based conjugated polymers and non-polymeric calix[4]arenes-carbazole conjugates, overall highlighting the superior role of calixarene and carbazole structural motifs in NACs’ detection performance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed on polymer models were used to support some of the experimental findings.
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Patil VB, Ture SA, Yelamaggad CV, Nadagouda MN, Venkataraman A. Turn‐off Fluorescent Sensing of Energetic Materials using Protonic Acid doped Polyaniline: A Spectrochemical Mechanistic Approach. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veerabhadragouda B. Patil
- Department of Studies and Research in Materials Science Gulbarga University 585106 Kalaburagi India
- Institute of Energetic Materials Faculty of Chemical Technology University of Pardubice Doubravice 41 532 10 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Satish A. Ture
- Department of Studies and Research in Materials Science Gulbarga University 585106 Kalaburagi India
- Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry Gulbarga University 585106 Kalaburagi India
| | | | | | - Abbaraju Venkataraman
- Department of Studies and Research in Materials Science Gulbarga University 585106 Kalaburagi India
- Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry Gulbarga University 585106 Kalaburagi India
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50
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Biswas R, Ghosh S, Bhaumik SK, Banerjee S. Selective recognition of ATP by multivalent nano-assemblies of bisimidazolium amphiphiles through "turn-on" fluorescence response. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2728-2738. [PMID: 33224299 PMCID: PMC7670119 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisimidazolium receptors, tagged with chromophoric pyrene at one end and linked to an n-alkyl chain at the other, underwent self-assembly in aqueous media depending on the length of the alkyl segment. The amphiphilic derivatives having n-decyl or longer chains, formed nano-assemblies with cyanic-green emission resulting from the stacked pyrene chromophores in the aggregates. The presence of positive surface charges on the multivalent aggregates led to ATP binding which was accompanied by a significant increase in the excimeric emission intensity. This provided a convenient way of monitoring ATP binding in a "turn-on" mode and an efficient detection of ATP was achieved in aqueous buffer and also in buffer containing 150 mM NaCl at physiological pH value. Furthermore, the multivalent aggregates demonstrated a significant selectivity in ATP detection over ADP, AMP and pyrophosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Biswas
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, India
| | - Surya Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, India
| | - Shubhra Kanti Bhaumik
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, India
| | - Supratim Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, India
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