1
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Panarello S, González-Díez A, Berizzi AE, Malhaire F, Borràs-Tudurí R, Rovira X, Serra C, Prézeau L, Pin JP, Goudet C, Llebaria A, Gómez-Santacana X. Photoswitchable positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 to improve selectivity. iScience 2024; 27:110123. [PMID: 38966572 PMCID: PMC11223089 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu) regulate multiple functions in the nervous systems and are involved in several neurological disorders. However, selectively targeting individual mGlu subtypes with spatiotemporal precision is still an unmet need. Photopharmacology can address this concern through the utilization of photoswitchable compounds such as optogluram, which is a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of mGlu4 that enables the precise control of physiological responses using light but does not have an optimal selectivity profile. Optogluram analogs were developed to obtain photoswitchable PAMs of mGlu4 receptor with an improved selectivity. Among them, optogluram-2 emerged as a photoswitchable ligand for mGlu4 receptor with activity as both PAM and allosteric agonists. It presents a higher selectivity and offers improved photoswitching of mGlu4 activity. These improved properties make optogluram-2 an excellent candidate to study the role of mGlu4 with a high spatiotemporal precision in systems where mGlu4 can be co-expressed with other mGlu receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Panarello
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- PhD Program in Organic Chemistry of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix González-Díez
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- PhD Program in Organic Chemistry of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alice E. Berizzi
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Fanny Malhaire
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Xavier Rovira
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Serra
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laurent Prézeau
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Cyril Goudet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
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2
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Dumazer A, Gómez-Santacana X, Malhaire F, Jopling C, Maurel D, Lebon G, Llebaria A, Goudet C. Optical Control of Adenosine A 2A Receptor Using Istradefylline Photosensitivity. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:645-655. [PMID: 38275568 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the potential therapeutic use of inhibitors of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Nevertheless, the widespread expression of A2AR throughout the body emphasizes the importance of temporally and spatially selective ligands. Photopharmacology is an emerging strategy that utilizes photosensitive ligands to attain high spatiotemporal precision and regulate the function of biomolecules using light. In this study, we combined photochemistry and cellular and in vivo photopharmacology to investigate the light sensitivity of the FDA-approved antagonist istradefylline and its potential use as an A2AR photopharmacological tool. Our findings reveal that istradefylline exhibits rapid trans-to-cis isomerization under near-UV light, and prolonged exposure results in the formation of photocycloaddition products. We demonstrate that exposure to UV light triggers a time-dependent decrease in the antagonistic activity of istradefylline in A2AR-expressing cells and enables real-time optical control of A2AR signaling in living cells and zebrafish. Together, these data demonstrate that istradefylline is a photoinactivatable A2AR antagonist and that this property can be utilized to perform photopharmacological experiments in living cells and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaëlle Dumazer
- IGF, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fanny Malhaire
- IGF, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Chris Jopling
- IGF, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Damien Maurel
- IGF, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Lebon
- IGF, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cyril Goudet
- IGF, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France
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3
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Araya T, Matsuba Y, Suzuki H, Doura T, Nuemket N, Nango E, Yamamoto M, Im D, Asada H, Kiyonaka S, Iwata S. Crystal structure reveals the binding mode and selectivity of a photoswitchable ligand for the adenosine A 2A receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 695:149393. [PMID: 38171234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Rational synthetic expansion of photoresponsive ligands is important for photopharmacological studies. Adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) is stimulated by adenosine and related in Parkinson's disease and other diseases. Here, we report the crystal structure of the A2AR in complex with the novel photoresponsive ligand photoNECA (blue) at 3.34 Å resolution. PhotoNECA (blue) was designed for this structural study and the cell-based assay showed a photoresponsive and receptor selective characteristics of photoNECA (blue) for A2AR. The crystal structure explains the binding mode, photoresponsive mechanism and receptor selectivity of photoNECA (blue). Our study would promote not only the rational design of photoresponsive ligands but also dynamic structural studies of A2AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Araya
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Matsuba
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Harufumi Suzuki
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Doura
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Nipawan Nuemket
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan; JASRI, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Eriko Nango
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan; Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | | | - Dohyun Im
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Asada
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Kiyonaka
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan; Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
| | - So Iwata
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan; RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.
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4
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Choi Y, Jeong JY, Hong S. Highly Sensitive Real-Time Monitoring of Adenosine Receptor Activities in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cells Using Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2101-2109. [PMID: 38166368 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Adenosine metabolism through adenosine receptors plays a critical role in lung cancer biology. Although recent studies showed the potential of targeting adenosine receptors as drug targets for lung cancer treatment, conventional methods for investigating receptor activities often suffer from various drawbacks, including low sensitivity and slow analysis speed. In this study, adenosine receptor activities in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were monitored in real time with high sensitivity through a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET). In this method, we hybridized a CNT-FET with NSCLC cells expressing A2A and A2B adenosine receptors to construct a hybrid platform. This platform could detect adenosine, an endogenous ligand of adenosine receptors, down to 1 fM in real time and sensitively discriminate adenosine among other nucleosides. Furthermore, we could also utilize the platform to detect adenosine in complicated environments, such as human serum. Notably, our hybrid platform allowed us to monitor pharmacological effects between adenosine and other drugs, including dipyridamole and theophylline, even in human serum samples. These results indicate that the NSCLC cell-hybridized CNT-FET can be a practical tool for biomedical applications, such as the evaluation and screening of drug-candidate substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonji Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Jeong
- Post-Silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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5
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Berndt A, Cai D, Cohen A, Juarez B, Iglesias JT, Xiong H, Qin Z, Tian L, Slesinger PA. Current Status and Future Strategies for Advancing Functional Circuit Mapping In Vivo. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7587-7598. [PMID: 37940594 PMCID: PMC10634581 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1391-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain represents one of the most complex biological systems, containing billions of neurons interconnected through trillions of synapses. Inherent to the brain is a biochemical complexity involving ions, signaling molecules, and peptides that regulate neuronal activity and allow for short- and long-term adaptations. Large-scale and noninvasive imaging techniques, such as fMRI and EEG, have highlighted brain regions involved in specific functions and visualized connections between different brain areas. A major shortcoming, however, is the need for more information on specific cell types and neurotransmitters involved, as well as poor spatial and temporal resolution. Recent technologies have been advanced for neuronal circuit mapping and implemented in behaving model organisms to address this. Here, we highlight strategies for targeting specific neuronal subtypes, identifying, and releasing signaling molecules, controlling gene expression, and monitoring neuronal circuits in real-time in vivo Combined, these approaches allow us to establish direct causal links from genes and molecules to the systems level and ultimately to cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denise Cai
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhenpeng Qin
- University of Texas-Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Lin Tian
- University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616
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6
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Marcus DJ, Bruchas MR. Optical Approaches for Investigating Neuromodulation and G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:1119-1139. [PMID: 37429736 PMCID: PMC10595021 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that roughly 40% of all US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved pharmacological therapeutics target G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), there remains a gap in our understanding of the physiologic and functional role of these receptors at the systems level. Although heterologous expression systems and in vitro assays have revealed a tremendous amount about GPCR signaling cascades, how these cascades interact across cell types, tissues, and organ systems remains obscure. Classic behavioral pharmacology experiments lack both the temporal and spatial resolution to resolve these long-standing issues. Over the past half century, there has been a concerted effort toward the development of optical tools for understanding GPCR signaling. From initial ligand uncaging approaches to more recent development of optogenetic techniques, these strategies have allowed researchers to probe longstanding questions in GPCR pharmacology both in vivo and in vitro. These tools have been employed across biologic systems and have allowed for interrogation of everything from specific intramolecular events to pharmacology at the systems level in a spatiotemporally specific manner. In this review, we present a historical perspective on the motivation behind and development of a variety of optical toolkits that have been generated to probe GPCR signaling. Here we highlight how these tools have been used in vivo to uncover the functional role of distinct populations of GPCRs and their signaling cascades at a systems level. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) remain one of the most targeted classes of proteins for pharmaceutical intervention, yet we still have a limited understanding of how their unique signaling cascades effect physiology and behavior at the systems level. In this review, we discuss a vast array of optical techniques that have been devised to probe GPCR signaling both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Marcus
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Pharmacology (M.R.B.), and Department of Bioengineering (M.R.B.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Pharmacology (M.R.B.), and Department of Bioengineering (M.R.B.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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7
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Xiong H, Alberto KA, Youn J, Taura J, Morstein J, Li X, Wang Y, Trauner D, Slesinger PA, Nielsen SO, Qin Z. Optical control of neuronal activities with photoswitchable nanovesicles. NANO RESEARCH 2023; 16:1033-1041. [PMID: 37063114 PMCID: PMC10103898 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Precise modulation of neuronal activity by neuroactive molecules is essential for understanding brain circuits and behavior. However, tools for highly controllable molecular release are lacking. Here, we developed a photoswitchable nanovesicle with azobenzene-containing phosphatidylcholine (azo-PC), coined 'azosome', for neuromodulation. Irradiation with 365 nm light triggers the trans-to-cis isomerization of azo-PC, resulting in a disordered lipid bilayer with decreased thickness and cargo release. Irradiation with 455 nm light induces reverse isomerization and switches the release off. Real-time fluorescence imaging shows controllable and repeatable cargo release within seconds (< 3 s). Importantly, we demonstrate that SKF-81297, a dopamine D1-receptor agonist, can be repeatedly released from the azosome to activate cultures of primary striatal neurons. Azosome shows promise for precise optical control over the molecular release and can be a valuable tool for molecular neuroscience studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejian Xiong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Kevin A. Alberto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Jonghae Youn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Jaume Taura
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Johannes Morstein
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
| | - Xiuying Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Paul A. Slesinger
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
| | - Steven O. Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Zhenpeng Qin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas at Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75080, USA
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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8
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Xiong H, Alberto KA, Youn J, Taura J, Morstein J, Li X, Wang Y, Trauner D, Slesinger PA, Nielsen SO, Qin Z. Optical control of neuronal activities with photoswitchable nanovesicles. NANO RESEARCH 2023; 16:1033-1041. [PMID: 37063114 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Precise modulation of neuronal activity by neuroactive molecules is essential for understanding brain circuits and behavior. However, tools for highly controllable molecular release are lacking. Here, we developed a photoswitchable nanovesicle with azobenzene-containing phosphatidylcholine (azo-PC), coined 'azosome', for neuromodulation. Irradiation with 365 nm light triggers the trans-to-cis isomerization of azo-PC, resulting in a disordered lipid bilayer with decreased thickness and cargo release. Irradiation with 455 nm light induces reverse isomerization and switches the release off. Real-time fluorescence imaging shows controllable and repeatable cargo release within seconds (< 3 s). Importantly, we demonstrate that SKF-81297, a dopamine D1-receptor agonist, can be repeatedly released from the azosome to activate cultures of primary striatal neurons. Azosome shows promise for precise optical control over the molecular release and can be a valuable tool for molecular neuroscience studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejian Xiong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Kevin A Alberto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Jonghae Youn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Jaume Taura
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Johannes Morstein
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
| | - Xiuying Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Paul A Slesinger
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
| | - Steven O Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Zhenpeng Qin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas at Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75080, USA
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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9
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Beerkens BL, Koç Ç, Liu R, Florea BI, Le Dévédec SE, Heitman LH, IJzerman AP, van der Es D. A Chemical Biological Approach to Study G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Labeling the Adenosine A 1 Receptor Using an Electrophilic Covalent Probe. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:3131-3139. [PMID: 36279267 PMCID: PMC9679998 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been known for decades as attractive drug targets. This has led to the development and approval of many ligands targeting GPCRs. Although ligand binding effects have been studied thoroughly for many GPCRs, there are multiple aspects of GPCR signaling that remain poorly understood. The reasons for this are the difficulties that are encountered upon studying GPCRs, for example, a poor solubility and low expression levels. In this work, we have managed to overcome some of these issues by developing an affinity-based probe for a prototypic GPCR, the adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR). Here, we show the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of this probe in various biochemical assays, such as SDS-PAGE, confocal microscopy, and chemical proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert L.
H. Beerkens
- Division
of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Çağla Koç
- Division
of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rongfang Liu
- Division
of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bogdan I. Florea
- Department
of Bioorganic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia E. Le Dévédec
- Division
of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laura H. Heitman
- Division
of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands,Oncode
Institute, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan P. IJzerman
- Division
of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van der Es
- Division
of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands,
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10
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Caged-carvedilol as a new tool for visible-light photopharmacology of β-adrenoceptors in native tissues. iScience 2022; 25:105128. [PMID: 36185381 PMCID: PMC9515591 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenoceptors are G protein-coupled receptors involved in a large variety of physiological processes, also under pathological conditions. This is due in large part to their ubiquitous expression in the body exerting numerous essential functions. Therefore, the possibility to control their activity with high spatial and temporal precision would constitute a valuable research tool. In this study, we present a caged version of the approved non-selective β-adrenoceptor antagonist carvedilol, synthesized by alkylation of its secondary amine with a coumarin derivative. Introducing this photo-removable group abolished carvedilol physiological effects in cell cultures, mouse isolated perfused hearts and living zebrafish larvae. Only after visible light application, carvedilol was released and the different physiological systems were pharmacologically modulated in a similar manner as the control drug. This research provides a new photopharmacological tool for a wide range of research applications that may help in the development of future precise therapies. We report a diffusible caged antagonist based on the beta blocker carvedilol (C-C) Carvedilol release from C-C is produced by light on the visible range (405 nm) Light-dependent effects are assessed in cells, mice hearts, and zebrafish larvae Physiological processes can be regulated by C-C and light (heart rate and behavior)
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11
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Morstein J, Romano G, Hetzler BE, Plante A, Haake C, Levitz J, Trauner D. Photoswitchable Serotonins for Optical Control of the 5-HT 2A Receptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117094. [PMID: 34989082 PMCID: PMC9423688 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin receptors play central roles in neuromodulation and are critical drug targets for psychiatric disorders. Optical control of serotonin receptor subtypes has the potential to greatly enhance our understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of receptor function. While other neuromodulatory receptors have been successfully rendered photoswitchable, reversible photocontrol of serotonin receptors has not been achieved, representing a major gap in GPCR photopharmacology. Herein, we develop the first tools that allow for such control. Azo5HT-2 shows light-dependent 5-HT2A R agonism, with greater activity in the cis-form. Based on docking and test compound analysis, we also develop photoswitchable orthogonal, remotely-tethered ligands (PORTLs). These BG-Azo5HTs provide rapid, reversible, and repeatable optical control following conjugation to SNAP-tagged 5-HT2A R. Overall, this study provides a foundation for the broad extension of photopharmacology to the serotonin receptor family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Morstein
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Giovanna Romano
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology Graduate Program and Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Belinda E Hetzler
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Ambrose Plante
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology Graduate Program and Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Caleb Haake
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology Graduate Program and Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
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12
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Optical control of Class A G protein-coupled receptors with photoswitchable ligands. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 63:102192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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13
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Morstein J, Romano G, Hetzler B, Plante A, Haake C, Levitz J, Trauner D. Photoswitchable Serotonins for Optical Control of the 5‐HT2A Receptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dirk Trauner
- New York University Department of Chemistry 100 Washington Square East 10003 New York UNITED STATES
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14
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Hüll K, Fernández-Dueñas V, Schönberger M, López-Cano M, Trauner D, Ciruela F. Optical Control of Adenosine-Mediated Pain Modulation. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1979-1983. [PMID: 34448572 PMCID: PMC8634359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Adenosine
receptors (ARs) play many important roles in physiology
and have been recognized as potential targets for pain relief. Here,
we introduce three photoswitchable adenosine derivatives that function
as light-dependent agonists for ARs and confer optical control to
these G protein-coupled receptors. One of our compounds, AzoAdenosine-3,
was evaluated in the classical formalin model of pain. The molecule,
active in the dark, was not metabolized by adenosine deaminase and
effectively reduced pain perception in a light-dependent manner. These
antinociceptive effects suggested a major role for A1R
and A3R in peripheral-mediated pain sensitization, whereas
an average adenosine-mediated antinociceptive effect will be facilitated
by A2AR and A2BR. Our results demonstrate that
a photoswitchable adenosine derivative can be used to map the contribution
of ARs mediating analgesia in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hüll
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York City, New York 10003, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Menchen, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Víctor Fernández-Dueñas
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, IDIBELL, Av. Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Matthias Schönberger
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Menchen, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Marc López-Cano
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, IDIBELL, Av. Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York City, New York 10003, United States
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, IDIBELL, Av. Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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15
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Donthamsetti P, Konrad DB, Hetzler B, Fu Z, Trauner D, Isacoff EY. Selective Photoswitchable Allosteric Agonist of a G Protein-Coupled Receptor. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8951-8956. [PMID: 34115935 PMCID: PMC8227462 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most common targets of drug discovery. However, the similarity between related GPCRs combined with the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of receptor activation in vivo has hindered drug development. Photopharmacology offers the possibility of using light to control the location and timing of drug action by incorporating a photoisomerizable azobenzene into a GPCR ligand, enabling rapid and reversible switching between an inactive and active configuration. Recent advances in this area include (i) photoagonists and photoantagonists that directly control receptor activity but are nonselective because they bind conserved sites, and (ii) photoallosteric modulators that bind selectively to nonconserved sites but indirectly control receptor activity by modulating the response to endogenous ligand. In this study, we designed a photoswitchable allosteric agonist that targets a nonconserved allosteric site for selectivity and activates the receptor on its own to provide direct control. This work culminated in the development of aBINA, a photoswitchable allosteric agonist that selectively activates the Gi/o-coupled metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2). aBINA is the first example of a new class of precision drugs for GPCRs and other clinically important signaling proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Donthamsetti
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David B. Konrad
- Department
of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Belinda Hetzler
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Zhu Fu
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Ehud Y. Isacoff
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Helen
Wills Neuroscience Institute, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular
Biophysics & Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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16
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Wang T, Ulrich H, Semyanov A, Illes P, Tang Y. Optical control of purinergic signaling. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:385-392. [PMID: 34156578 PMCID: PMC8410941 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signaling plays a pivotal role in physiological processes and pathological conditions. Over the past decades, conventional pharmacological, biochemical, and molecular biology techniques have been utilized to investigate purinergic signaling cascades. However, none of them is capable of spatially and temporally manipulating purinergic signaling cascades. Currently, optical approaches, including optopharmacology and optogenetic, enable controlling purinergic signaling with low invasiveness and high spatiotemporal precision. In this mini-review, we discuss optical approaches for controlling purinergic signaling and their applications in basic and translational science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- International Collaborative Centre On Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Henning Ulrich
- International Collaborative Centre On Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexey Semyanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter Illes
- International Collaborative Centre On Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Yong Tang
- International Collaborative Centre On Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China. .,Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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17
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Ricart-Ortega M, Berizzi AE, Pereira V, Malhaire F, Catena J, Font J, Gómez-Santacana X, Muñoz L, Zussy C, Serra C, Rovira X, Goudet C, Llebaria A. Mechanistic Insights into Light-Driven Allosteric Control of GPCR Biological Activity. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:883-895. [PMID: 33073188 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), including the metabotrobic glutamate 5 receptor (mGlu5), are important therapeutic targets and the development of allosteric ligands for targeting GPCRs has become a desirable approach toward modulating receptor activity. Traditional pharmacological approaches toward modulating GPCR activity are still limited since precise spatiotemporal control of a ligand is lost as soon as it is administered. Photopharmacology proposes the use of photoswitchable ligands to overcome this limitation, since their activity can be reversibly controlled by light with high precision. As this is still a growing field, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the light-induced changes of different photoswitchable ligand pharmacology is suboptimal. For this reason, we have studied the mechanisms of action of alloswitch-1 and MCS0331; two freely diffusible, mGlu5 phenylazopyridine photoswitchable negative allosteric modulators. We combined photochemical, cell-based, and in vivo photopharmacological approaches to investigate the effects of trans-cis azobenzene photoisomerization on the functional activity and binding ability of these ligands to the mGlu5 allosteric pocket. From these results, we conclude that photoisomerization can take place inside and outside the ligand binding pocket, and this leads to a reversible loss in affinity, in part, due to changes in dissociation rates from the receptor. Ligand activity for both photoswitchable ligands deviates from high-affinity mGlu5 negative allosteric modulation (in the trans configuration) to reduced affinity for the mGlu5 in their cis configuration. Importantly, this mechanism translates to dynamic and reversible control over pain following local injection and illumination of negative allosteric modulators into a brain region implicated in pain control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ricart-Ortega
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Synthesis, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain.,IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Alice E Berizzi
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Vanessa Pereira
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Fanny Malhaire
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Juanlo Catena
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Synthesis, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Joan Font
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Lourdes Muñoz
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Synthesis, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain.,SIMchem, Service of Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Charleine Zussy
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Carmen Serra
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Synthesis, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain.,SIMchem, Service of Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Xavier Rovira
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Synthesis, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Cyril Goudet
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, F-34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Synthesis, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain.,SIMchem, Service of Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
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18
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Duran-Corbera A, Catena J, Otero-Viñas M, Llebaria A, Rovira X. Photoswitchable Antagonists for a Precise Spatiotemporal Control of β 2-Adrenoceptors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8458-8470. [PMID: 32686936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
β2-Adrenoceptors (β2-AR) are prototypical G-protein-coupled receptors and important pharmacological targets with relevant roles in physiological processes and diseases. Herein, we introduce Photoazolol-1-3, a series of photoswitchable azobenzene β2-AR antagonists that can be reversibly controlled with light. These new photochromic ligands are designed following the azologization strategy, with a p-acetamido azobenzene substituting the hydrophobic moiety present in many β2-AR antagonists. Using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor-based assay, a variety of photopharmacological properties are identified. Two of the light-regulated molecules show potent β2-AR antagonism and enable a reversible and dynamic control of cellular receptor activity with light. Their photopharmacological properties are opposite, with Photoazolol-1 being more active in the dark and Photoazolol-2 demonstrating higher antagonism upon illumination. In addition, we provide a molecular rationale for the interaction of the different photoisomers with the receptor. Overall, we present innovative tools and a proof of concept for the precise control of β2-AR by means of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Duran-Corbera
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juanlo Catena
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain.,SiMChem, Service of Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Otero-Viñas
- Molecular Photopharmacology Research Group, The Tissue Repair and Regeneration Laboratory (TR2Lab), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Rovira
- Molecular Photopharmacology Research Group, The Tissue Repair and Regeneration Laboratory (TR2Lab), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Zhou C, Ji Y, Ren L, Shao X. Photochromic meta-diamides for optical modulation of ligand activity and neuron function†. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:854-857. [PMID: 33856679 DOI: 10.1039/d0pp00045k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Photopharmacology offers facile solutions for spatiotemporal control over ligand activity and receptor function. The meta-diamide insecticide acts on insect GABA receptors (GABARs) as an antagonist that causes firing of a neuron. We present here photochromic GABAR ligands azobenzene-meta-diamides (ABMDAs) by incorporating photoswitchable azobenzene with meta-diamides. ABMDAs showed good isomerization efficiency and fatigue resistance. Among them, ABMDA7 shows a 1.5-fold insecticidal activity difference towards mosquito larvae (Aedes albopictus) before and after UV illumination. We translated this light-dependent activity difference to the optical modulation of the membrane potential of American cockroach (Periptaneta americana) DUM neurons. This light-responsive meta-diamide-based GABAR ligand allows for optical regulation of insecticidal activity and DUM neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuncun Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yunfan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liping Ren
- Sinochem Agro Co., Ltd, Sinochem International Plaza, NO. 233 North Changqing Rd., Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200126, China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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20
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Lesca E. Light-Sensitive Membrane Proteins as Tools to Generate Precision Treatments. J Membr Biol 2020; 253:81-86. [PMID: 32248246 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-020-00115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION BY ANA-NICOLETA BONDAR, BIOPHYSICS SECTION HEAD EDITOR: This issue of the Journal of Membrane Biology inaugurates Up-and-Coming Scientist, in which investigators at early career stages are invited to present recent research in the broad context of their discipline. We inaugurate Up-and-Coming Scientist with the essay by Dr. Elena Lesca of the ETH Zürich and the Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland. Dr. Lesca has completed her doctoral degree at the Technical University München, Germany, in 2014, and pursued postdoctoral research at the ETH Zürich and Paul Scherrer Institut, where she is Senior Assistant since 2019. Two recent papers by Dr. Lesca et al. (references 33 and 39) have used X-ray crystallography and experimental biophysics approaches to shed light on the mechanism of action of a membrane receptor from the G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) family, Jumping Spider Rhodopsin-1 (JSR-1). JSR-1 is a visual rhodopsin activated upon absorption of light by its covalently bound retinal chromophore. Unlike the better-understood bovine rhodopsin GPCR, which is monostable, JSR-1 is bistable (i.e., in JSR-1 the Schiff base that binds retinal to the protein stays protonated throughout the reaction cycle), and absorption of a second photon resets the retinal ligand to the resting state configuration. In her essay, Dr. Lesca discusses the implications of her work on JSR-1 and, more broadly, GPCR research, for state-of-the-art applications in optogenetics and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lesca
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
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21
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Paoletti P, Ellis-Davies GCR, Mourot A. Optical control of neuronal ion channels and receptors. Nat Rev Neurosci 2020; 20:514-532. [PMID: 31289380 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-019-0197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Light-controllable tools provide powerful means to manipulate and interrogate brain function with relatively low invasiveness and high spatiotemporal precision. Although optogenetic approaches permit neuronal excitation or inhibition at the network level, other technologies, such as optopharmacology (also known as photopharmacology) have emerged that provide molecular-level control by endowing light sensitivity to endogenous biomolecules. In this Review, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of photocontrolling native neuronal signalling pathways, focusing on ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors. We describe existing strategies for rendering receptors and channels light sensitive and provide an overview of the neuroscientific insights gained from such approaches. At the crossroads of chemistry, protein engineering and neuroscience, optopharmacology offers great potential for understanding the molecular basis of brain function and behaviour, with promises for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Paoletti
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France.
| | | | - Alexandre Mourot
- Neuroscience Paris Seine-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS-IBPS), CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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22
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Gómez-Santacana X, de Munnik SM, Mocking TAM, Hauwert NJ, Sun S, Vijayachandran P, de Esch IJP, Vischer HF, Wijtmans M, Leurs R. A toolbox of molecular photoswitches to modulate the CXCR3 chemokine receptor with light. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2509-2523. [PMID: 31728165 PMCID: PMC6839561 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a detailed structure-activity relationship for the scaffold of VUF16216, a compound we have previously communicated as a small-molecule efficacy photoswitch for the peptidergic chemokine GPCR CXCR3. A series of photoswitchable azobenzene ligands was prepared through various synthetic strategies and multistep syntheses. Photochemical and pharmacological properties were used to guide the design iterations. Investigations of positional and substituent effects reveal that halogen substituents on the ortho-position of the outer ring are preferred for conferring partial agonism on the cis form of the ligands. This effect could be expanded by an electron-donating group on the para-position of the central ring. A variety of efficacy differences between the trans and cis forms emerges from these compounds. Tool compounds VUF15888 (4d) and VUF16620 (6e) represent more subtle efficacy switches, while VUF16216 (6f) displays the largest efficacy switch, from antagonism to full agonism. The compound class disclosed here can aid in new photopharmacology studies of CXCR3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,present address: Institute of Functional Genomics, Université de Montpellier, Unité 5302 CNRS and Unité U1191, INSERM, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Sabrina M de Munnik
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tamara A M Mocking
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels J Hauwert
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shanliang Sun
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Prashanna Vijayachandran
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J P de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry F Vischer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Pittolo S, Lee H, Lladó A, Tosi S, Bosch M, Bardia L, Gómez-Santacana X, Llebaria A, Soriano E, Colombelli J, Poskanzer KE, Perea G, Gorostiza P. Reversible silencing of endogenous receptors in intact brain tissue using 2-photon pharmacology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13680-13689. [PMID: 31196955 PMCID: PMC6613107 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1900430116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological activity of proteins is often studied with loss-of-function genetic approaches, but the corresponding phenotypes develop slowly and can be confounding. Photopharmacology allows direct, fast, and reversible control of endogenous protein activity, with spatiotemporal resolution set by the illumination method. Here, we combine a photoswitchable allosteric modulator (alloswitch) and 2-photon excitation using pulsed near-infrared lasers to reversibly silence metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu5) receptor activity in intact brain tissue. Endogenous receptors can be photoactivated in neurons and astrocytes with pharmacological selectivity and with an axial resolution between 5 and 10 µm. Thus, 2-photon pharmacology using alloswitch allows investigating mGlu5-dependent processes in wild-type animals, including synaptic formation and plasticity, and signaling pathways from intracellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pittolo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hyojung Lee
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Lladó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sébastien Tosi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bosch
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Bardia
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Soriano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Center of Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julien Colombelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kira E Poskanzer
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), CA 94158
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Gertrudis Perea
- Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IC-CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Center of Biomedical Research in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 50015 Zaragoza, Spain
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24
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Ricart-Ortega M, Font J, Llebaria A. GPCR photopharmacology. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 488:36-51. [PMID: 30862498 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
New technologies for spatial and temporal remote control of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are necessary to unravel the complexity of GPCR signalling in cells, tissues and living organisms. An effective approach, recently developed, consists on the design of light-operated ligands whereby light-dependent GPCR activity regulation can be achieved. In this context, the use of light provides an advantage as it combines safety, easy delivery, high resolution and it does not interfere with most cellular processes. In this review we summarize the most relevant successful achievements in GPCR photopharmacology. These recent findings constitute a significant advance in research studies on the molecular dynamics of receptor activation and their physiological roles in vivo. Moreover, these molecules hold potential toward clinical uses as light-operated drugs, which can overcome some of the problems of conventional pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ricart-Ortega
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University de Montpellier, F-34094, Montpellier, France.
| | - Joan Font
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University de Montpellier, F-34094, Montpellier, France.
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
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25
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Leippe P, Frank JA. Designing azobenzene-based tools for controlling neurotransmission. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2019; 57:23-30. [PMID: 30825844 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemical and electrical signaling at the synapse is a dynamic process that is crucial to neurotransmission and pathology. Traditional pharmacotherapy has found countless applications in both academic labs and the clinic; however, diffusible drugs lack spatial and temporal precision when employed in heterogeneous tissues such as the brain. In the field of photopharmacology, chemical attachment of a synthetic photoswitch to a bioactive ligand allows cellular signaling to be controlled with light. Azobenzenes have remained the go-to photoswitch for biological applications due to their tunable photophysical properties, and can be leveraged to achieve reversible optical control of numerous receptors and ion channels. Here, we discuss the most recent advances in photopharmacology which will improve the use of azobenzene-based probes for neuroscience applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Leippe
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Jahnstr. 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James Allen Frank
- The Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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26
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Agnetta L, Bermudez M, Riefolo F, Matera C, Claro E, Messerer R, Littmann T, Wolber G, Holzgrabe U, Decker M. Fluorination of Photoswitchable Muscarinic Agonists Tunes Receptor Pharmacology and Photochromic Properties. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3009-3020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Agnetta
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Bermudez
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2 + 4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabio Riefolo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carlo Matera
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Claro
- Institut de Neurociències (INc) and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Regina Messerer
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Timo Littmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wolber
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2 + 4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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27
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Gómez-Santacana X, de Munnik SM, Vijayachandran P, Da Costa Pereira D, Bebelman JPM, de Esch IJP, Vischer HF, Wijtmans M, Leurs R. Photoswitching the Efficacy of a Small-Molecule Ligand for a Peptidergic GPCR: from Antagonism to Agonism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11608-11612. [PMID: 29926530 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
For optical control of GPCR function, we set out to develop small-molecule ligands with photoswitchable efficacy in which both configurations bind the target protein but exert distinct pharmacological effects, that is, stimulate or antagonize GPCR activation. Our design was based on a previously identified efficacy hotspot for the peptidergic chemokine receptor CXCR3 and resulted in the synthesis and characterization of five new azobenzene-containing CXCR3 ligands. G protein activation assays and real-time electrophysiology experiments demonstrated photoswitching from antagonism to partial agonism and even to full agonism (compound VUF16216). SAR evaluation suggests that the size and electron-donating properties of the substituents on the inner aromatic ring are important for the efficacy photoswitching. These compounds are the first GPCR azo ligands with a nearly full efficacy photoswitch and may become valuable pharmacological tools for the optical control of peptidergic GPCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina M de Munnik
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Prashanna Vijayachandran
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Da Costa Pereira
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Paul M Bebelman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J P de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry F Vischer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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28
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Gómez-Santacana X, de Munnik SM, Vijayachandran P, Da Costa Pereira D, Bebelman JPM, de Esch IJP, Vischer HF, Wijtmans M, Leurs R. Photoswitching the Efficacy of a Small-Molecule Ligand for a Peptidergic GPCR: from Antagonism to Agonism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina M. de Munnik
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Prashanna Vijayachandran
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Da Costa Pereira
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jan Paul M. Bebelman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J. P. de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Henry F. Vischer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hüll
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6699, United States
| | - Johannes Morstein
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6699, United States
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6699, United States
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30
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Taura J, Nolen EG, Cabré G, Hernando J, Squarcialupi L, López-Cano M, Jacobson KA, Fernández-Dueñas V, Ciruela F. Remote control of movement disorders using a photoactive adenosine A 2A receptor antagonist. J Control Release 2018; 283:135-142. [PMID: 29859955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled adenosine receptors are promising therapeutic targets for a wide range of neuropathological conditions, including Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the ubiquity of adenosine receptors and the ultimate lack of selectivity of certain adenosine-based drugs have frequently diminished their therapeutic use. Photopharmacology is a novel approach that allows the spatiotemporal control of receptor function, thus circumventing some of these limitations. Here, we aimed to develop a light-sensitive caged adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonist to photocontrol movement disorders. We synthesized MRS7145 by blocking with coumarin the 5-amino position of the selective A2AR antagonist SCH442416, which could be photoreleased upon violet light illumination (405 nm). First, the light-dependent pharmacological profile of MRS7145 was determined in A2AR-expressing cells. Upon photoactivation, MRS7145 precluded A2AR ligand binding and agonist-induced cAMP accumulation. Next, the ability of MRS7145 to block A2AR in a light-dependent manner was assessed in vivo. To this end, A2AR antagonist-mediated locomotor activity potentiation was evaluated in brain (striatum) fiber-optic implanted mice. Upon irradiation (405 nm) of the dorsal striatum, MRS7145 induced significant hyperlocomotion and counteracted haloperidol-induced catalepsy and pilocarpine-induced tremor. Finally, its efficacy in reversing motor impairment was evaluated in a PD animal model, namely the hemiparkinsonian 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned mouse. Photo-activated MRS7145 was able to potentiate the number of contralateral rotations induced by L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA). Overall, MRS7145 is a new light-operated A2AR antagonist with potential utility to manage movement disorders, including PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Taura
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapéutica Experimental, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Gisela Cabré
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jordi Hernando
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Lucia Squarcialupi
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Marc López-Cano
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapéutica Experimental, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA.
| | - Víctor Fernández-Dueñas
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapéutica Experimental, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament Patologia i Terapéutica Experimental, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
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31
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Hauwert NJ, Mocking TAM, Da Costa Pereira D, Kooistra AJ, Wijnen LM, Vreeker GCM, Verweij EWE, De Boer AH, Smit MJ, De Graaf C, Vischer HF, de Esch IJP, Wijtmans M, Leurs R. Synthesis and Characterization of a Bidirectional Photoswitchable Antagonist Toolbox for Real-Time GPCR Photopharmacology. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4232-4243. [PMID: 29470065 PMCID: PMC5879491 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Noninvasive methods
to modulate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)
with temporal and spatial precision are in great demand. Photopharmacology
uses photons to control in situ the biological properties
of photoswitchable small-molecule ligands, which bodes well for chemical
biological precision approaches. Integrating the light-switchable
configurational properties of an azobenzene into the ligand core,
we developed a bidirectional antagonist toolbox for an archetypical
family A GPCR, the histamine H3 receptor (H3R). From 16 newly synthesized photoswitchable compounds, VUF14738
(28) and VUF14862 (33) were selected as
they swiftly and reversibly photoisomerize and show over 10-fold increased
or decreased H3R binding affinities, respectively, upon
illumination at 360 nm. Both ligands combine long thermal half-lives
with fast and high photochemical trans-/cis conversion, allowing their use in real-time electrophysiology experiments
with oocytes to confirm dynamic photomodulation of H3R
activation in repeated second-scale cycles. VUF14738 and VUF14862
are robust and fatigue-resistant photoswitchable GPCR antagonists
suitable for spatiotemporal studies of H3R signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels J Hauwert
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Tamara A M Mocking
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Da Costa Pereira
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Albert J Kooistra
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Lisa M Wijnen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Gerda C M Vreeker
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Eléonore W E Verweij
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Albertus H De Boer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Martine J Smit
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Chris De Graaf
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Henry F Vischer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J P de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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32
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Zussy C, Gómez-Santacana X, Rovira X, De Bundel D, Ferrazzo S, Bosch D, Asede D, Malhaire F, Acher F, Giraldo J, Valjent E, Ehrlich I, Ferraguti F, Pin JP, Llebaria A, Goudet C. Dynamic modulation of inflammatory pain-related affective and sensory symptoms by optical control of amygdala metabotropic glutamate receptor 4. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:509-520. [PMID: 27994221 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Contrary to acute pain, chronic pain does not serve as a warning signal and must be considered as a disease per se. This pathology presents a sensory and psychological dimension at the origin of affective and cognitive disorders. Being largely refractory to current pharmacotherapies, identification of endogenous systems involved in persistent and chronic pain is crucial. The amygdala is a key brain region linking pain sensation with negative emotions. Here, we show that activation of a specific intrinsic neuromodulatory system within the amygdala associated with type 4 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu4) abolishes sensory and affective symptoms of persistent pain such as hypersensitivity to pain, anxiety- and depression-related behaviors, and fear extinction impairment. Interestingly, neuroanatomical and synaptic analysis of the amygdala circuitry suggests that the effects of mGlu4 activation occur outside the central nucleus via modulation of multisensory thalamic inputs to lateral amygdala principal neurons and dorso-medial intercalated cells. Furthermore, we developed optogluram, a small diffusible photoswitchable positive allosteric modulator of mGlu4. This ligand allows the control of endogenous mGlu4 activity with light. Using this photopharmacological approach, we rapidly and reversibly inhibited behavioral symptoms associated with persistent pain through optical control of optogluram in the amygdala of freely behaving animals. Altogether, our data identify amygdala mGlu4 signaling as a mechanism that bypasses central sensitization processes to dynamically modulate persistent pain symptoms. Our findings help to define novel and more precise therapeutic interventions for chronic pain, and exemplify the potential of optopharmacology to study the dynamic activity of endogenous neuromodulatory mechanisms in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zussy
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - X Gómez-Santacana
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - X Rovira
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - D De Bundel
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - S Ferrazzo
- Department of Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D Bosch
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - D Asede
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - F Malhaire
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - F Acher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J Giraldo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Valjent
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - I Ehrlich
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - F Ferraguti
- Department of Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J-P Pin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - A Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Goudet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
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33
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Dolles D, Strasser A, Wittmann HJ, Marinelli O, Nabissi M, Pertwee RG, Decker M. The First Photochromic Affinity Switch for the Human Cannabinoid Receptor 2. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201700032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Dolles
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry; Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry; Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
| | - Andrea Strasser
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry II; Institute of Pharmacy; University of Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Wittmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry II; Institute of Pharmacy; University of Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
| | - Oliviero Marinelli
- School of Pharmacy; Department of Experimental Medicine; University of Camerino; Camerino Italy
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- School of Pharmacy; Department of Experimental Medicine; University of Camerino; Camerino Italy
| | - Roger G. Pertwee
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition; Institute of Medical Sciences; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen Scotland UK
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry; Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry; Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Würzburg Germany
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Goudet C, Rovira X, Llebaria A. Shedding light on metabotropic glutamate receptors using optogenetics and photopharmacology. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2018; 38:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abela R, Beaud P, van Bokhoven JA, Chergui M, Feurer T, Haase J, Ingold G, Johnson SL, Knopp G, Lemke H, Milne CJ, Pedrini B, Radi P, Schertler G, Standfuss J, Staub U, Patthey L. Perspective: Opportunities for ultrafast science at SwissFEL. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2017; 4:061602. [PMID: 29376109 PMCID: PMC5758366 DOI: 10.1063/1.4997222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the main specifications of the newly constructed Swiss Free Electron Laser, SwissFEL, and explore its potential impact on ultrafast science. In light of recent achievements at current X-ray free electron lasers, we discuss the potential territory for new scientific breakthroughs offered by SwissFEL in Chemistry, Biology, and Materials Science, as well as nonlinear X-ray science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Abela
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Paul Beaud
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen A van Bokhoven
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, and Department of Chemistry, ETH-Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Majed Chergui
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-FSB, Station 6, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Feurer
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Haase
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, and Department of Chemistry, ETH-Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Ingold
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Steven L Johnson
- Institute for Quantum Electronics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Knopp
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Lemke
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Chris J Milne
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Bill Pedrini
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Peter Radi
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Jörg Standfuss
- Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Urs Staub
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Luc Patthey
- SwissFEL, Paul-Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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Flavonoid allosteric modulation of mutated visual rhodopsin associated with retinitis pigmentosa. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11167. [PMID: 28894166 PMCID: PMC5593859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary flavonoids exhibit many biologically-relevant functions and can potentially have beneficial effects in the treatment of pathological conditions. In spite of its well known antioxidant properties, scarce structural information is available on the interaction of flavonoids with membrane receptors. Advances in the structural biology of a specific class of membrane receptors, the G protein-coupled receptors, have significantly increased our understanding of drug action and paved the way for developing improved therapeutic approaches. We have analyzed the effect of the flavonoid quercetin on the conformation, stability and function of the G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin, and the G90V mutant associated with the retinal degenerative disease retinitis pigmentosa. By using a combination of experimental and computational methods, we suggest that quercetin can act as an allosteric modulator of opsin regenerated with 9-cis-retinal and more importantly, that this binding has a positive effect on the stability and conformational properties of the G90V mutant associated with retinitis pigmentosa. These results open new possibilities to use quercetin and other flavonoids, in combination with specific retinoids like 9-cis-retinal, for the treatment of retinal degeneration associated with retinitis pigmentosa. Moreover, the use of flavonoids as allosteric modulators may also be applicable to other members of the G protein-coupled receptors superfamily.
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Lachmann D, Studte C, Männel B, Hübner H, Gmeiner P, König B. Photochromic Dopamine Receptor Ligands Based on Dithienylethenes and Fulgides. Chemistry 2017. [PMID: 28650111 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We describe the incorporation of the well-investigated class of photochromic dithienylethenes (DTEs) and fulgides into known dopamine receptor ligands such as 1,4-disubstituted aromatic and hydroxybenzoxazinone piperazines as well as aminoindanes. Subtype and functional selective photochromic ligands were obtained and characterized by NMR and UV/VIS spectroscopic measurements. The photophysical properties of the DTE based dopamine ligands revealed a high fatigue resistance for the diarylmaleimides, but the ringclosure could not be accomplished in polar solvents due to a known twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT). Several cyclopentene-DTEs showed high PSS, but a fast degradation by forming an irreversible byproduct. Focusing on the fulgides, high photostationary states and switching in polar solvents were possible. The compounds 43, 45 and 46 containing the isopropyl group showed only isomerization between the open E-form and the closed C-form. At a concentration of 1 nm, the cyclopentene-DTE 29-open showed a more than 11-fold higher activation of D2S , a pharmacologically important G protein-coupled receptor, than its photochromic congener 29-closed. Interestingly, the fulgimide-based pair 52-(E)-open/52-closed could be discovered as an alternative photoswitch with inverse activation properties exhibiting four-fold higher activity in the closed state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lachmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Studte
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Männel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University, Emil Fischer Center, Schuhstrasse 19, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Hübner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University, Emil Fischer Center, Schuhstrasse 19, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University, Emil Fischer Center, Schuhstrasse 19, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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Schweighauser L, Wegner HA. Chemical Talking with Living Systems: Molecular Switches Steer Quorum Sensing in Bacteria. Chembiochem 2015; 16:1709-11. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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