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Bahri H, Buratto J, Rojo M, Dompierre JP, Salin B, Blancard C, Cuvellier S, Rose M, Ben Ammar Elgaaied A, Tetaud E, di Rago JP, Devin A, Duvezin-Caubet S. TMEM70 forms oligomeric scaffolds within mitochondrial cristae promoting in situ assembly of mammalian ATP synthase proton channel. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118942. [PMID: 33359711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial ATP-synthesis is catalyzed by a F1Fo-ATP synthase, an enzyme of dual genetic origin enriched at the edge of cristae where it plays a key role in their structure/stability. The enzyme's biogenesis remains poorly understood, both from a mechanistic and a compartmentalization point of view. The present study provides novel molecular insights into this process through investigations on a human protein called TMEM70 with an unclear role in the assembly of ATP synthase. A recent study has revealed the existence of physical interactions between TMEM70 and the subunit c (Su.c), a protein present in 8 identical copies forming a transmembrane oligomeric ring (c-ring) within the ATP synthase proton translocating domain (Fo). Herein we analyzed the ATP-synthase assembly in cells lacking TMEM70, mitochondrial DNA or F1 subunits and observe a direct correlation between TMEM70 and Su.c levels, regardless of the status of other ATP synthase subunits or of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Immunoprecipitation, two-dimensional blue-native/SDS-PAGE, and pulse-chase experiments reveal that TMEM70 forms large oligomers that interact with Su.c not yet incorporated into ATP synthase complexes. Moreover, discrete TMEM70-Su.c complexes with increasing Su.c contents can be detected, suggesting a role for TMEM70 oligomers in the gradual assembly of the c-ring. Furthermore, we demonstrate using expansion super-resolution microscopy the specific localization of TMEM70 at the inner cristae membrane, distinct from the MICOS component MIC60. Taken together, our results show that TMEM70 oligomers provide a scaffold for c-ring assembly and that mammalian ATP synthase is assembled within inner cristae membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hela Bahri
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire de génétique, Immunologie et Pathologie Humaine, Faculté des sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar FST, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Jeremie Buratto
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université Bordeaux, CNRS, IPB, CBMN (UMR 5248), Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Manuel Rojo
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jim Paul Dompierre
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Bénédicte Salin
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Corinne Blancard
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvain Cuvellier
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie Rose
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Amel Ben Ammar Elgaaied
- Laboratoire de génétique, Immunologie et Pathologie Humaine, Faculté des sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar FST, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Emmanuel Tetaud
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire de Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité UMR-CNRS 5234, 146 rue Léo Saignat, CEDEX F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Paul di Rago
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne Devin
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphane Duvezin-Caubet
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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Colina-Tenorio L, Dautant A, Miranda-Astudillo H, Giraud MF, González-Halphen D. The Peripheral Stalk of Rotary ATPases. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1243. [PMID: 30233414 PMCID: PMC6131620 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotary ATPases are a family of enzymes that are thought of as molecular nanomotors and are classified in three types: F, A, and V-type ATPases. Two members (F and A-type) can synthesize and hydrolyze ATP, depending on the energetic needs of the cell, while the V-type enzyme exhibits only a hydrolytic activity. The overall architecture of all these enzymes is conserved and three main sectors are distinguished: a catalytic core, a rotor and a stator or peripheral stalk. The peripheral stalks of the A and V-types are highly conserved in both structure and function, however, the F-type peripheral stalks have divergent structures. Furthermore, the peripheral stalk has other roles beyond its stator function, as evidenced by several biochemical and recent structural studies. This review describes the information regarding the organization of the peripheral stalk components of F, A, and V-ATPases, highlighting the key differences between the studied enzymes, as well as the different processes in which the structure is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Colina-Tenorio
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alain Dautant
- CNRS, UMR5095, IBGC, Bordeaux, France.,Energy Transducing Systems and Mitochondrial Morphology, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Héctor Miranda-Astudillo
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, InBios, PhytoSYSTEMS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie-France Giraud
- CNRS, UMR5095, IBGC, Bordeaux, France.,Energy Transducing Systems and Mitochondrial Morphology, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Diego González-Halphen
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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3
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Esparza-Perusquía M, Olvera-Sánchez S, Pardo JP, Mendoza-Hernández G, Martínez F, Flores-Herrera O. Structural and kinetics characterization of the F 1F 0-ATP synthase dimer. New repercussion of monomer-monomer contact. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2017; 1858:975-981. [PMID: 28919501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ustilago maydis is an aerobic basidiomycete that fully depends on oxidative phosphorylation for its supply of ATP, pointing to mitochondria as a key player in the energy metabolism of this organism. Mitochondrial F1F0-ATP synthase occurs in supramolecular structures. In this work, we isolated the monomer (640kDa) and the dimer (1280kDa) and characterized their subunit composition and kinetics of ATP hydrolysis. Mass spectrometry revealed that dimerizing subunits e and g were present in the dimer but not in the monomer. Analysis of the ATPase activity showed that both oligomers had Michaelis-Menten kinetics, but the dimer was 7 times more active than the monomer, while affinities were similar. The dimer was more sensitive to oligomycin inhibition, with a Ki of 24nM, while the monomer had a Ki of 169nM. The results suggest that the interphase between the monomers in the dimer state affects the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme and its sensitivity to inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Esparza-Perusquía
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México City, México
| | - Sofía Olvera-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México City, México
| | - Juan Pablo Pardo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México City, México
| | - Guillermo Mendoza-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México City, México
| | - Federico Martínez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México City, México
| | - Oscar Flores-Herrera
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México City, México.
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Sánchez-Vásquez L, González-Halphen D. TOPOLOGÍA Y FUNCIÓN DE LAS SUBUNIDADES INTRÍNSECAS DE LA MEMBRANA DE LAS F 1 F O -ATP SINTASA MITOCONDRIALES. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recqb.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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5
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Sawyer EM, Brunner EC, Hwang Y, Ivey LE, Brown O, Bannon M, Akrobetu D, Sheaffer KE, Morgan O, Field CO, Suresh N, Gordon MG, Gunnell ET, Regruto LA, Wood CG, Fuller MT, Hales KG. Testis-specific ATP synthase peripheral stalk subunits required for tissue-specific mitochondrial morphogenesis in Drosophila. BMC Cell Biol 2017; 18:16. [PMID: 28335714 PMCID: PMC5364652 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-017-0132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Drosophila early post-meiotic spermatids, mitochondria undergo dramatic shaping into the Nebenkern, a spherical body with complex internal structure that contains two interwrapped giant mitochondrial derivatives. The purpose of this study was to elucidate genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the shaping of this structure. Results The knotted onions (knon) gene encodes an unconventionally large testis-specific paralog of ATP synthase subunit d and is required for internal structure of the Nebenkern as well as its subsequent disassembly and elongation. Knon localizes to spermatid mitochondria and, when exogenously expressed in flight muscle, alters the ratio of ATP synthase complex dimers to monomers. By RNAi knockdown we uncovered mitochondrial shaping roles for other testis-expressed ATP synthase subunits. Conclusions We demonstrate the first known instance of a tissue-specific ATP synthase subunit affecting tissue-specific mitochondrial morphogenesis. Since ATP synthase dimerization is known to affect the degree of inner mitochondrial membrane curvature in other systems, the effect of Knon and other testis-specific paralogs of ATP synthase subunits may be to mediate differential membrane curvature within the Nebenkern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Sawyer
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA
| | | | - Yihharn Hwang
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA
| | - Lauren E Ivey
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA
| | - Olivia Brown
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA
| | - Megan Bannon
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Oshauna Morgan
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA
| | - Conroy O Field
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA
| | - Nishita Suresh
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA
| | - M Grace Gordon
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Cricket G Wood
- Departments of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Margaret T Fuller
- Departments of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karen G Hales
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA. .,Departments of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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6
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Structure of the mitochondrial ATP synthase from Pichia angusta determined by electron cryo-microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:12709-12714. [PMID: 27791192 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1615902113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure of the intact monomeric ATP synthase from the fungus, Pichia angusta, has been solved by electron cryo-microscopy. The structure provides insights into the mechanical coupling of the transmembrane proton motive force across mitochondrial membranes in the synthesis of ATP. This mechanism requires a strong and integral stator, consisting of the catalytic α3β3-domain, peripheral stalk, and, in the membrane domain, subunit a and associated supernumerary subunits, kept in contact with the rotor turning at speeds up to 350 Hz. The stator's integrity is ensured by robust attachment of both the oligomycin sensitivity conferral protein (OSCP) to the catalytic domain and the membrane domain of subunit b to subunit a. The ATP8 subunit provides an additional brace between the peripheral stalk and subunit a. At the junction between the OSCP and the apparently stiff, elongated α-helical b-subunit and associated d- and h-subunits, an elbow or joint allows the stator to bend to accommodate lateral movements during the activity of the catalytic domain. The stator may also apply lateral force to help keep the static a-subunit and rotating c10-ring together. The interface between the c10-ring and the a-subunit contains the transmembrane pathway for protons, and their passage across the membrane generates the turning of the rotor. The pathway has two half-channels containing conserved polar residues provided by a bundle of four α-helices inclined at ∼30° to the plane of the membrane, similar to those described in other species. The structure provides more insights into the workings of this amazing machine.
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7
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Vázquez-Acevedo M, Vega-deLuna F, Sánchez-Vásquez L, Colina-Tenorio L, Remacle C, Cardol P, Miranda-Astudillo H, González-Halphen D. Dissecting the peripheral stalk of the mitochondrial ATP synthase of chlorophycean algae. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:1183-1190. [PMID: 26873638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Polytomella sp., a green and a colorless member of the chlorophycean lineage respectively, exhibit a highly-stable dimeric mitochondrial F1Fo-ATP synthase (complex V), with a molecular mass of 1600 kDa. Polytomella, lacking both chloroplasts and a cell wall, has greatly facilitated the purification of the algal ATP-synthase. Each monomer of the enzyme has 17 polypeptides, eight of which are the conserved, main functional components, and nine polypeptides (Asa1 to Asa9) unique to chlorophycean algae. These atypical subunits form the two robust peripheral stalks observed in the highly-stable dimer of the algal ATP synthase in several electron-microscopy studies. The topological disposition of the components of the enzyme has been addressed with cross-linking experiments in the isolated complex; generation of subcomplexes by limited dissociation of complex V; detection of subunit-subunit interactions using recombinant subunits; in vitro reconstitution of subcomplexes; silencing of the expression of Asa subunits; and modeling of the overall structural features of the complex by EM image reconstruction. Here, we report that the amphipathic polymer Amphipol A8-35 partially dissociates the enzyme, giving rise to two discrete dimeric subcomplexes, whose compositions were characterized. An updated model for the topological disposition of the 17 polypeptides that constitute the algal enzyme is suggested. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'EBEC 2016: 19th European Bioenergetics Conference, Riva del Garda, Italy, July 2-6, 2016', edited by Prof. Paolo Bernardi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Vázquez-Acevedo
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Félix Vega-deLuna
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Lorenzo Sánchez-Vásquez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Lilia Colina-Tenorio
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Claire Remacle
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Cardol
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Héctor Miranda-Astudillo
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Diego González-Halphen
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., Mexico.
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Bernardi P, Rasola A, Forte M, Lippe G. The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore: Channel Formation by F-ATP Synthase, Integration in Signal Transduction, and Role in Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:1111-55. [PMID: 26269524 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00001.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition (PT) is a permeability increase of the inner mitochondrial membrane mediated by a channel, the permeability transition pore (PTP). After a brief historical introduction, we cover the key regulatory features of the PTP and provide a critical assessment of putative protein components that have been tested by genetic analysis. The discovery that under conditions of oxidative stress the F-ATP synthases of mammals, yeast, and Drosophila can be turned into Ca(2+)-dependent channels, whose electrophysiological properties match those of the corresponding PTPs, opens new perspectives to the field. We discuss structural and functional features of F-ATP synthases that may provide clues to its transition from an energy-conserving into an energy-dissipating device as well as recent advances on signal transduction to the PTP and on its role in cellular pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon; and Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Andrea Rasola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon; and Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Michael Forte
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon; and Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon; and Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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9
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Carraro M, Giorgio V, Šileikytė J, Sartori G, Forte M, Lippe G, Zoratti M, Szabò I, Bernardi P. Channel formation by yeast F-ATP synthase and the role of dimerization in the mitochondrial permeability transition. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:15980-5. [PMID: 24790105 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c114.559633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purified F-ATP synthase dimers of yeast mitochondria display Ca(2+)-dependent channel activity with properties resembling those of the permeability transition pore (PTP) of mammals. After treatment with the Ca(2+) ionophore ETH129, which allows electrophoretic Ca(2+) uptake, isolated yeast mitochondria undergo inner membrane permeabilization due to PTP opening. Yeast mutant strains ΔTIM11 and ΔATP20 (lacking the e and g F-ATP synthase subunits, respectively, which are necessary for dimer formation) display a striking resistance to PTP opening. These results show that the yeast PTP originates from F-ATP synthase and indicate that dimerization is required for pore formation in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Carraro
- From the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Valentina Giorgio
- From the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Justina Šileikytė
- From the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Geppo Sartori
- From the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Michael Forte
- the Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, and
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- the Department of Food Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- From the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- the Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- From the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences and
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10
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Antoniel M, Giorgio V, Fogolari F, Glick GD, Bernardi P, Lippe G. The oligomycin-sensitivity conferring protein of mitochondrial ATP synthase: emerging new roles in mitochondrial pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:7513-36. [PMID: 24786291 PMCID: PMC4057687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15057513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The oligomycin-sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP) of the mitochondrial F(O)F1 ATP synthase has long been recognized to be essential for the coupling of proton transport to ATP synthesis. Located on top of the catalytic F1 sector, it makes stable contacts with both F1 and the peripheral stalk, ensuring the structural and functional coupling between F(O) and F1, which is disrupted by the antibiotic, oligomycin. Recent data have established that OSCP is the binding target of cyclophilin (CyP) D, a well-characterized inducer of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), whose opening can precipitate cell death. CyPD binding affects ATP synthase activity, and most importantly, it decreases the threshold matrix Ca²⁺ required for PTP opening, in striking analogy with benzodiazepine 423, an apoptosis-inducing agent that also binds OSCP. These findings are consistent with the demonstration that dimers of ATP synthase generate Ca²⁺-dependent currents with features indistinguishable from those of the PTP and suggest that ATP synthase is directly involved in PTP formation, although the underlying mechanism remains to be established. In this scenario, OSCP appears to play a fundamental role, sensing the signal(s) that switches the enzyme of life in a channel able to precipitate cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Antoniel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padua, Italy.
| | - Valentina Giorgio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padua, Italy.
| | - Federico Fogolari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Udine, p.le Kolbe, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Gary D Glick
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padua, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
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Chaban Y, Boekema EJ, Dudkina NV. Structures of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation supercomplexes and mechanisms for their stabilisation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:418-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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12
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Habersetzer J, Larrieu I, Priault M, Salin B, Rossignol R, Brèthes D, Paumard P. Human F1F0 ATP synthase, mitochondrial ultrastructure and OXPHOS impairment: a (super-)complex matter? PLoS One 2013; 8:e75429. [PMID: 24098383 PMCID: PMC3788808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial morphogenesis is a key process of cell physiology. It is essential for the proper function of this double membrane-delimited organelle, as it ensures the packing of the inner membrane in a very ordered pattern called cristae. In yeast, the mitochondrial ATP synthase is able to form dimers that can assemble into oligomers. Two subunits (e and g) are involved in this supramolecular organization. Deletion of the genes encoding these subunits has no effect on the ATP synthase monomer assembly or activity and only affects its dimerization and oligomerization. Concomitantly, the absence of subunits e and g and thus, of ATP synthase supercomplexes, promotes the modification of mitochondrial ultrastructure suggesting that ATP synthase oligomerization is involved in cristae morphogenesis. We report here that in mammalian cells in culture, the shRNA-mediated down-regulation of subunits e and g affects the stability of ATP synthase and results in a 50% decrease of the available functional enzyme. Comparable to what was shown in yeast, when subunits e and g expression are repressed, ATP synthase dimers and oligomers are less abundant when assayed by native electrophoresis. Unexpectedly, mammalian ATP synthase dimerization/oligomerization impairment has functional consequences on the respiratory chain leading to a decrease in OXPHOS activity. Finally these structural and functional alterations of the ATP synthase have a strong impact on the organelle itself leading to the fission of the mitochondrial network and the disorganization of mitochondrial ultrastructure. Unlike what was shown in yeast, the impairment of the ATP synthase oligomerization process drastically affects mitochondrial ATP production. Thus we propose that mutations or deletions of genes encoding subunits e and g may have physiopathological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Habersetzer
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Transducteurs d'Energie et Morphologie Mitochondriale, Université Bordeaux Segalen, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France ; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
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13
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Abstract
Macromolecular complexes are involved in a broad spectrum of cellular processes including protein biosynthesis, protein secretion and degradation, metabolism, DNA replication and repair, and signal transduction along with other important biological processes. The analysis of protein complexes in health and disease is important to gain insights into cellular physiology and pathophysiology. In the last few decades, research has focused on the identification and the dynamics of macromolecular complexes. Several techniques have been developed to isolate native protein complexes from cells and tissues to allow further characterization by microscopic and proteomic analysis. In the present paper, we provide a brief overview of proteomic methods that can be used to identify protein–protein interactions, focusing on recent developments to study the entire complexome of a biological sample.
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Bisetto E, Comelli M, Salzano AM, Picotti P, Scaloni A, Lippe G, Mavelli I. Proteomic analysis of F1F0-ATP synthase super-assembly in mitochondria of cardiomyoblasts undergoing differentiation to the cardiac lineage. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2013; 1827:807-16. [PMID: 23587863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles with multiple functions, especially in energy metabolism. An increasing number of data highlighted their role for cellular differentiation processes. We investigated differences in ATP synthase supra-molecular organization occurring in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts in the course of cardiac-like differentiation, along with ATP synthase biogenesis and maturation of mitochondrial cristae morphology. Using BN-PAGE analysis combined with one-step mild detergent extraction from mitochondria, a significant increase in dimer/monomer ratio was observed, indicating a distinct rise in the stability of the enzyme super-assembly. Remarkably, sub-stoichiometric mean values for ATP synthase subunit e were determined in both parental and cardiac-like H9c2 by an MS-based quantitative proteomics approach. This indicates a similar high proportion of complex molecules lacking subunit e in both cell types, and suggests a minor contribution of this component in the observed changes. 2D BN-PAGE/immunoblotting analysis and MS/MS analysis on single BN-PAGE band showed that the amount of inhibitor protein IF1 bound within the ATP synthase complexes increased in cardiac-like H9c2 and appeared greater in the dimer. In concomitance, a consistent improvement of enzyme activity, measured as both ATP synthesis and ATP hydrolysis rate, was observed, despite the increase of bound IF1 evocative of a greater inhibitory effect on the enzyme ATPase activity. The results suggest i) a role for IF1 in promoting dimer stabilization and super-assembly in H9c2 with physiological IF1 expression levels, likely unveiled by the fact that the contacts through accessory subunit e appear to be partially destabilized, ii) a link between dimer stabilization and enzyme activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bisetto
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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15
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ATP synthase oligomerization: From the enzyme models to the mitochondrial morphology. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:99-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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16
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Structure of the yeast F1Fo-ATP synthase dimer and its role in shaping the mitochondrial cristae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:13602-7. [PMID: 22864911 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1204593109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We used electron cryotomography of mitochondrial membranes from wild-type and mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae to investigate the structure and organization of ATP synthase dimers in situ. Subtomogram averaging of the dimers to 3.7 nm resolution revealed a V-shaped structure of twofold symmetry, with an angle of 86° between monomers. The central and peripheral stalks are well resolved. The monomers interact within the membrane at the base of the peripheral stalks. In wild-type mitochondria ATP synthase dimers are found in rows along the highly curved cristae ridges, and appear to be crucial for membrane morphology. Strains deficient in the dimer-specific subunits e and g or the first transmembrane helix of subunit 4 lack both dimers and lamellar cristae. Instead, cristae are either absent or balloon-shaped, with ATP synthase monomers distributed randomly in the membrane. Computer simulations indicate that isolated dimers induce a plastic deformation in the lipid bilayer, which is partially relieved by their side-by-side association. We propose that the assembly of ATP synthase dimer rows is driven by the reduction in the membrane elastic energy, rather than by direct protein contacts, and that the dimer rows enable the formation of highly curved ridges in mitochondrial cristae.
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18
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ATP synthase superassemblies in animals and plants: Two or more are better. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2011; 1807:1185-97. [PMID: 21679683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Velours J, Stines-Chaumeil C, Habersetzer J, Chaignepain S, Dautant A, Brèthes D. Evidence of the proximity of ATP synthase subunits 6 (a) in the inner mitochondrial membrane and in the supramolecular forms of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATP synthase. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:35477-35484. [PMID: 21868388 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.275776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of subunit 6 (a) in the interface between yeast ATP synthase monomers has been highlighted. Based on the formation of a disulfide bond and using the unique cysteine 23 as target, we show that two subunits 6 are close in the inner mitochondrial membrane and in the solubilized supramolecular forms of the yeast ATP synthase. In a null mutant devoid of supernumerary subunits e and g that are involved in the stabilization of ATP synthase dimers, ATP synthase monomers are close enough in the inner mitochondrial membrane to make a disulfide bridge between their subunits 6, and this proximity is maintained in detergent extract containing this enzyme. The cross-linking of cysteine 23 located in the N-terminal part of the first transmembrane helix of subunit 6 suggests that this membrane-spanning segment is in contact with its counterpart belonging to the ATP synthase monomer that faces it and participates in the monomer-monomer interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Velours
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095; Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5095, 1 Rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex.
| | - Claire Stines-Chaumeil
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095; Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5095, 1 Rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex
| | - Johan Habersetzer
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095; Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5095, 1 Rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex
| | - Stéphane Chaignepain
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095; Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5095, 1 Rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex; CNRS, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nanoobjets, UMR 5248, Allée de Saint Hilaire, Bât B14, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Alain Dautant
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095; Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5095, 1 Rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex
| | - Daniel Brèthes
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095; Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5095, 1 Rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex.
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Couoh-Cardel SJ, Uribe-Carvajal S, Wilkens S, García-Trejo JJ. Structure of dimeric F1F0-ATP synthase. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:36447-55. [PMID: 20833715 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.144907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of the dimeric ATP synthase from yeast mitochondria was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and single particle image analysis. In addition to the previously reported side views of the dimer, top view and intermediate projections served to resolve the arrangement of the rotary c(10) ring and the other stator subunits at the F(0)-F(0) dimeric interface. A three-dimensional reconstruction of the complex was calculated from a data set of 9960 molecular images at a resolution of 27 Å. The structural model of the dimeric ATP synthase shows the two monomers arranged at an angle of ∼45°, consistent with our earlier analysis of the ATP synthase from bovine heart mitochondria (Minauro-Sanmiguel, F., Wilkens, S., and Garcia, J. J. (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102, 12356-12358). In the ATP synthase dimer, the two peripheral stalks are located near the F(1)-F(1) interface but are turned away from each other so that they are not in contact. Based on the three-dimensional reconstruction, a model of how dimeric ATP synthase assembles to form the higher order oligomeric structures that are required for mitochondrial cristae biogenesis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio J Couoh-Cardel
- Department of Biology, Chemistry Faculty, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Wagner K, Perschil I, Fichter CD, van der Laan M. Stepwise assembly of dimeric F(1)F(o)-ATP synthase in mitochondria involves the small F(o)-subunits k and i. Mol Biol Cell 2010; 21:1494-504. [PMID: 20219971 PMCID: PMC2861609 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e09-12-1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligomerization of F1Fo-ATP synthase in the inner mitochondrial membrane governs the formation of cristae membrane domains. We show that the F1Fo-subunits Su i and Su k are crucial for the formation and maturation of ATP synthase dimers and oligomers. Su i additionally facilitates the incorporation of new subunits into ATP synthase monomers. F1Fo-ATP synthase is a key enzyme of oxidative phosphorylation that is localized in the inner membrane of mitochondria. It uses the energy stored in the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to catalyze the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate. Dimeric and higher oligomeric forms of ATP synthase have been observed in mitochondria from various organisms. Oligomerization of ATP synthase is critical for the morphology of the inner mitochondrial membrane because it supports the generation of tubular cristae membrane domains. Association of individual F1Fo-ATP synthase complexes is mediated by the membrane-embedded Fo-part. Several subunits were mapped to monomer-monomer-interfaces of yeast ATP synthase complexes, but only Su e (Atp21) and Su g (Atp20) have so far been identified as crucial for the formation of stable dimers. We show that two other small Fo-components, Su k (Atp19) and Su i (Atp18) are involved in the stepwise assembly of F1Fo-ATP synthase dimers and oligomers. We have identified an intermediate form of the ATP synthase dimer, which accumulates in the absence of Su i. Moreover, our data indicate that Su i facilitates the incorporation of newly synthesized subunits into ATP synthase complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Wagner
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Freiburg, Germany
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22
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Mitochondrial F1F0-ATP synthase and organellar internal architecture. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2009; 41:1783-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2008] [Revised: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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23
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Supramolecular organization of ATP synthase and respiratory chain in mitochondrial membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2009; 1787:672-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2008] [Revised: 12/29/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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24
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Lippe G, Bisetto E, Comelli M, Contessi S, Di Pancrazio F, Mavelli I. Mitochondrial and cell-surface F0F1ATPsynthase in innate and acquired cardioprotection. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2009; 41:151-7. [PMID: 19387805 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-009-9208-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are central to heart function and dysfunction, and the pathways activated by different cardioprotective interventions mostly converge on mitochondria. In a context of perspectives in innate and acquired cardioprotection, we review some recent advances in F(0)F(1)ATPsynthase structure/function and regulation in cardiac cells. We focus on three topics regarding the mitochondrial F(0)F(1)ATPsynthase and the plasma membrane enzyme, i.e.: i) the crucial role of cardiac mitochondrial F(0)F(1)ATPsynthase regulation by the inhibitory protein IF(1) in heart preconditioning strategies; ii) the structure and function of mitochondrial F(0)F(1)ATPsynthase oligomers in mammalian myocardium as possible endogenous factors of mitochondria resistance to ischemic insult; iii) the external location and characterization of plasma membrane F(0)F(1) ATP synthase in search for possible actors of its regulation, such as IF(1) and calmodulin, at cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies and M.A.T.I. Centre of Excellence, University of Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy
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25
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Cristae formation—linking ultrastructure and function of mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2009; 1793:5-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Revised: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Bisetto E, Picotti P, Giorgio V, Alverdi V, Mavelli I, Lippe G. Functional and stoichiometric analysis of subunit e in bovine heart mitochondrial F(0)F(1)ATP synthase. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2008; 40:257-67. [PMID: 18958608 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-008-9183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of the integral inner membrane subunit e in self-association of F(0)F(1)ATP synthase from bovine heart mitochondria was analyzed by in situ limited proteolysis, blue native PAGE/iterative SDS-PAGE, and LC-MS/MS. Selective degradation of subunit e, without disrupting membrane integrity or ATPase capacity, altered the oligomeric distribution of F(0)F(1)ATP synthase, by eliminating oligomers and reducing dimers in favor of monomers. The stoichiometry of subunit e was determined by a quantitative MS-based proteomics approach, using synthetic isotope-labelled reference peptides IAQL*EEVK, VYGVGSL*ALYEK, and ELAEAQEDTIL*K to quantify the b, gamma and e subunits, respectively. Accuracy of the method was demonstrated by confirming the 1:1 stoichiometry of subunits gamma and b. Altogether, the results indicate that the integrity of a unique copy of subunit e is essential for self-association of mammalian F(0)F(1)ATP synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bisetto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies and M.A.T.I. Centre of Excellence, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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27
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García-Trejo JJ, Morales-Ríos E. Regulation of the F1F0-ATP synthase rotary nanomotor in its monomeric-bacterial and dimeric-mitochondrial forms. J Biol Phys 2008; 34:197-212. [PMID: 19669503 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-008-9114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The F(1)F(0)-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase rotational motor synthesizes most of the ATP required for living from adenosine diphosphate, Pi, and a proton electrochemical gradient across energy-transducing membranes of bacteria, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. However, as a reversible nanomotor, it also hydrolyzes ATP during de-energized conditions in all energy-transducing systems. Thus, different subunits and mechanisms have emerged in nature to control the intrinsic rotation of the enzyme to favor the ATP synthase activity over its opposite and commonly wasteful ATPase turnover. Recent advances in the structural analysis of the bacterial and mitochondrial ATP synthases are summarized to review the distribution and mechanism of the subunits that are part of the central rotor and regulate its gyration. In eubacteria, the epsilon subunit works as a ratchet to favor the rotation of the central stalk in the ATP synthase direction by extending and contracting two alpha-helixes of its C-terminal side and also by binding ATP with low affinity in thermophilic bacteria. On the other hand, in bovine heart mitochondria, the so-called inhibitor protein (IF(1)) interferes with the intrinsic rotational mechanism of the central gamma subunit and with the opening and closing of the catalytic beta-subunits to inhibit its ATPase activity. Besides its inhibitory role, the IF(1) protein also promotes the dimerization of the bovine and rat mitochondrial enzymes, albeit it is not essential for dimerization of the yeast F(1)F(0) mitochondrial complex. High-resolution electron microscopy of the dimeric enzyme in its bovine and yeast forms shows a conical shape that is compatible with the role of the ATP synthase dimer in the formation of tubular the cristae membrane of mitochondria after further oligomerization. Dimerization of the mitochondrial ATP synthase diminishes the rotational drag of the central rotor that would decrease the coupling efficiency between rotation of the central stalk and ATP synthesis taking place at the F(1) portion. In addition, F(1)F(0) dimerization and its further oligomerization also increase the stability of the enzyme to natural or experimentally induced destabilizing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J García-Trejo
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Lab. F-117, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., 04510, México.
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28
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Lau WC, Baker LA, Rubinstein JL. Cryo-EM Structure of the Yeast ATP Synthase. J Mol Biol 2008; 382:1256-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Revised: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Wittig I, Schägger H. Structural organization of mitochondrial ATP synthase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2008; 1777:592-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2008] [Revised: 04/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Kucharczyk R, Zick M, Bietenhader M, Rak M, Couplan E, Blondel M, Caubet SD, di Rago JP. Mitochondrial ATP synthase disorders: molecular mechanisms and the quest for curative therapeutic approaches. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2008; 1793:186-99. [PMID: 18620007 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2008] [Revised: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/11/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, the majority of cellular ATP is produced by the mitochondrial F1F(O)-ATP synthase through an elaborate catalytic mechanism. While most subunits of this enzymatic complex are encoded by the nuclear genome, a few essential components are encoded in the mitochondrial genome. The biogenesis of this multi-subunit enzyme is a sophisticated multi-step process that is regulated on levels of transcription, translation and assembly. Defects that result in diminished abundance or functional impairment of the F1F(O)-ATP synthase can cause a variety of severe neuromuscular disorders. Underlying mutations have been identified in both the nuclear and the mitochondrial DNA. The pathogenic mechanisms are only partially understood. Currently, the therapeutic options are extremely limited. Alternative methods of treatment have however been proposed, but still encounter several technical difficulties. The application of novel scientific approaches promises to deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the ATP synthase, unravel novel therapeutic pathways and improve the unfortunate situation of the patients suffering from such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza Kucharczyk
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS-Université Bordeaux2, Bordeaux 33077, France
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31
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Vonck J, Schäfer E. Supramolecular organization of protein complexes in the mitochondrial inner membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2008; 1793:117-24. [PMID: 18573282 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Revised: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The liquid state model that envisions respiratory chain complexes diffusing freely in the membrane is increasingly challenged by reports of supramolecular organization of the complexes in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Supercomplexes of complex III with complex I and/or IV can be isolated after solubilisation with mild detergents like digitonin. Electron microscopic studies have shown that these have a distinct architecture and are not random aggregates. A 3D reconstruction of a I1III2IV1 supercomplex shows that the ubiquinone and cytochrome c binding sites of the individual complexes are facing each other, suggesting a role in substrate channelling. Formation of supercomplexes plays a role in the assembly and stability of the complexes, suggesting that the supercomplexes are the functional state of the respiratory chain. Furthermore, a supramolecular organisation of ATP synthases has been observed in mitochondria, where ATP synthase is organised in dimer rows. Dimers can be isolated by mild detergent extraction and recent electron microscopic studies have shown that the membrane domains of the two partners in the dimer are at an angle to each other, indicating that in vivo the dimers would cause the membrane to bend. The suggested role in crista formation is supported by the observation of rows of ATP synthase dimers in the most curved parts of the cristae. Together these observations show that the mitochondrial inner membrane is highly organised and that the molecular events leading to ATP synthesis are carefully coordinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Vonck
- Department of Structural Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 3, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Wittig I, Velours J, Stuart R, Schägger H. Characterization of domain interfaces in monomeric and dimeric ATP synthase. Mol Cell Proteomics 2008; 7:995-1004. [PMID: 18245802 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m700465-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We disassembled monomeric and dimeric yeast ATP synthase under mild conditions to identify labile proteins and transiently stable subcomplexes that had not been observed before. Specific removal of subunits alpha, beta, oligomycin sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP), and h disrupted the ATP synthase at the gamma-alpha(3)beta(3) rotor-stator interface. Loss of two F(1)-parts from dimeric ATP synthase led to the isolation of a dimeric subcomplex containing membrane and peripheral stalk proteins thus identifying the membrane/peripheral stalk sectors immediately as the dimerizing parts of ATP synthase. Almost all subunit a was found associated with a ring of 10 c-subunits in two-dimensional blue native/SDS gels. We therefore postulate that c10a1-complex is a stable structure in resting ATP synthase until the entry of protons induces a breaking of interactions and stepwise rotation of the c-ring relative to the a-subunit in the catalytic mechanism. Dimeric subunit a was identified in SDS gels in association with two c10-rings suggesting that a c10a2c10-complex may constitute an important part of the monomer-monomer interface in dimeric ATP synthase that seems to be further tightened by subunits b, i, e, g, and h. In contrast to the monomer-monomer interface, the interface between dimers in higher oligomeric structures remains largely unknown. However, we could show that the natural inhibitor protein Inh1 is not required for oligomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Wittig
- Zentrum der Biologischen Chemie, Molekulare Bioenergetik, Cluster of Excellence "Macromolecular Complexes", Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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Dimer ribbons of ATP synthase shape the inner mitochondrial membrane. EMBO J 2008; 27:1154-60. [PMID: 18323778 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2008.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 491] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 02/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP synthase converts the electrochemical potential at the inner mitochondrial membrane into chemical energy, producing the ATP that powers the cell. Using electron cryo-tomography we show that the ATP synthase of mammalian mitochondria is arranged in long approximately 1-microm rows of dimeric supercomplexes, located at the apex of cristae membranes. The dimer ribbons enforce a strong local curvature on the membrane with a 17-nm outer radius. Calculations of the electrostatic field strength indicate a significant increase in charge density, and thus in the local pH gradient of approximately 0.5 units in regions of high membrane curvature. We conclude that the mitochondrial cristae act as proton traps, and that the proton sink of the ATP synthase at the apex of the compartment favours effective ATP synthesis under proton-limited conditions. We propose that the mitochondrial ATP synthase organises itself into dimer ribbons to optimise its own performance.
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Weimann T, Vaillier J, Salin B, Velours J. The Intermembrane Space Loop of Subunit b (4) Is a Major Determinant of the Stability of Yeast Oligomeric ATP Synthases. Biochemistry 2008; 47:3556-63. [DOI: 10.1021/bi702000g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Théodore Weimann
- Université de Bordeaux 2, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jacques Vaillier
- Université de Bordeaux 2, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Bénédicte Salin
- Université de Bordeaux 2, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean Velours
- Université de Bordeaux 2, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France
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Goyon V, Fronzes R, Salin B, di-Rago JP, Velours J, Brèthes D. Yeast cells depleted in Atp14p fail to assemble Atp6p within the ATP synthase and exhibit altered mitochondrial cristae morphology. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:9749-58. [PMID: 18252710 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m800204200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase, subunit h is a small nuclear encoded protein belonging to the so-called "peripheral stalk" that connects the enzyme catalytic F(1) component to the mitochondrial inner membrane. This study examines the role of subunit h in ATP synthase function and assembly using a regulatable, doxycycline-repressible subunit h gene to overcome the strong instability of the mtDNA previously observed in strains lacking the native subunit h gene. Yeast cells expressing less than 3% of subunit h, but still containing intact mitochondrial genomes, grew poorly on respiratory substrates because of a major impairment of ATP synthesis originating from the ATP synthase, whereas the respiratory chain complexes were not affected. The lack of ATP synthesis in the subunit h-depleted (deltah) mitochondria was attributed to defects in the assembly/stability of the ATP synthase. A main feature of deltah-mitochondria was a very low content (<6%) in the mitochondrially encoded Atp6p subunit, an essential component of the enzyme proton channel, which was in large part because of a slowing down in translation. Interestingly, depletion of subunit h resulted in dramatic changes in mitochondrial cristae morphology, which further supports the existence of a link between the ATP synthase and the folding/biogenesis of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Goyon
- Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, CNRS Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique/UMR 5095, 1 Rue Camille Saint-Saëns, Bordeaux Cedex, France
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Devenish RJ, Prescott M, Rodgers AJW. The structure and function of mitochondrial F1F0-ATP synthases. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2008; 267:1-58. [PMID: 18544496 DOI: 10.1016/s1937-6448(08)00601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We review recent advances in understanding of the structure of the F(1)F(0)-ATP synthase of the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtATPase). A significant achievement has been the determination of the structure of the principal peripheral or stator stalk components bringing us closer to achieving the Holy Grail of a complete 3D structure for the complex. A major focus of the field in recent years has been to understand the physiological significance of dimers or other oligomer forms of mtATPase recoverable from membranes and their relationship to the structure of the cristae of the inner mitochondrial membrane. In addition, the association of mtATPase with other membrane proteins has been described and suggests that further levels of functional organization need to be considered. Many reports in recent years have concerned the location and function of ATP synthase complexes or its component subunits on the external surface of the plasma membrane. We consider whether the evidence supports complete complexes being located on the cell surface, the biogenesis of such complexes, and aspects of function especially related to the structure of mtATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney J Devenish
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Microbial Structural and Functional Genomics, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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Schwassmann HJ, Rexroth S, Seelert H, Dencher NA. Metabolism controls dimerization of the chloroplast FoF1ATP synthase inChlamydomonas reinhardtii. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:1391-6. [PMID: 17350625 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Accepted: 02/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dimers and oligomers of F-type ATP synthases have been observed previously in mitochondria of various organisms and for the CF(o)F(1) ATP synthase of chloroplasts of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In contrast to mitochondria, however, dimers of chloroplast ATP synthases dissociate at elevated phosphate concentration. This suggests a regulation by cell physiological processes. Stable isotope labeling of living cells and blue-native PAGE have been employed to quantitate changes in the ratio of monomeric to dimeric CF(o)F(1) ATP synthase. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells were cultivated photoautotrophically in the presence of (15)N and photomixotrophically at natural (14)N abundance, respectively. As compared to photoautotrophic growth, an increased assembly of ATP synthase dimers on the expense of preexisting monomers during photomixotrophic growth was observed, demonstrating a metabolic control of the dimerization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena J Schwassmann
- Physical Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Darmstadt University of Technology, Petersenstrasse 22, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Vázquez-Acevedo M, Cardol P, Cano-Estrada A, Lapaille M, Remacle C, González-Halphen D. The mitochondrial ATP synthase of chlorophycean algae contains eight subunits of unknown origin involved in the formation of an atypical stator-stalk and in the dimerization of the complex. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2006; 38:271-82. [PMID: 17160464 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-006-9046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial F(1)F( O )-ATP synthase of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Polytomella sp. is a dimer of 1,600,000 Da. In Chlamydomonas the enzyme lacks the classical subunits that constitute the peripheral stator-stalk as well as those involved in the dimerization of the fungal and mammal complex. Instead, it contains eight novel polypeptides named ASA1 to 8. We show that homologs of these subunits are also present in the chlorophycean algae Polytomella sp. and Volvox carterii. Blue Native Gel Electrophoresis analysis of mitochondria from different green algal species also indicates that stable dimeric mitochondrial ATP synthases may be characteristic of all Chlorophyceae. One additional subunit, ASA9, was identified in the purified mitochondrial ATP synthase of Polytomella sp. The dissociation profile of the Polytomella enzyme at high-temperatures and cross-linking experiments finally suggest that some of the ASA polypeptides constitute a stator-stalk with a unique architecture, while others may be involved in the formation of a highly-stable dimeric complex. The algal enzyme seems to have modified the structural features of its surrounding scaffold, while conserving almost intact the structure of its catalytic subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Vázquez-Acevedo
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-600, Delegación Coyoacán, 04510, México D.F., Mexico
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