1
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Sun H, Gao Y, Fan Y, Du J, Jiang J, Gao C. Polymeric Bowl-Shaped Nanoparticles: Hollow Structures with a Large Opening on the Surface. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300196. [PMID: 37246639 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric bowl-shaped nanoparticles (BNPs) are anisotropic hollow structures with large openings on the surface, which have shown advantages such as high specific area and efficient encapsulation, delivery and release of large-sized cargoes on demand compared to solid nanoparticles or closed hollow structures. Several strategies have been developed to prepare BNPs based on either template or template-free methods. For instance, despite the widely used self-assembly strategy, alternative methods including emulsion polymerization, swelling and freeze-drying of polymeric spheres, and template-assisted approaches have also been developed. It is attractive but still challenging to fabricate BNPs due to their unique structural features. However, there is still no comprehensive summary of BNPs up to now, which significantly hinders the further development of this field. In this review, the recent progress of BNPs will be highlighted from the perspectives of design strategies, preparation methods, formation mechanisms, and emerging applications. Moreover, the future perspectives of BNPs will also be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yaning Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yirong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Jinhui Jiang
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Chenchen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
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2
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Clothier GKK, Guimarães TR, Thompson SW, Rho JY, Perrier S, Moad G, Zetterlund PB. Multiblock copolymer synthesis via RAFT emulsion polymerization. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:3438-3469. [PMID: 37093560 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00115b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
A multiblock copolymer is a polymer of a specific structure that consists of multiple covalently linked segments, each comprising a different monomer type. The control of the monomer sequence has often been described as the "holy grail" of synthetic polymer chemistry, with the ultimate goal being synthetic access to polymers of a "perfect" structure, where each monomeric building block is placed at a desired position along the polymer chain. Given that polymer properties are intimately linked to the microstructure and monomer distribution along the constituent chains, it goes without saying that there exist seemingly endless opportunities in terms of fine-tuning the properties of such materials by careful consideration of the length of each block, the number and order of blocks, and the inclusion of monomers with specific functional groups. The area of multiblock copolymer synthesis remains relatively unexplored, in particular with regard to structure-property relationships, and there are currently significant opportunities for the design and synthesis of advanced materials. The present review focuses on the synthesis of multiblock copolymers via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization implemented as aqueous emulsion polymerization. RAFT emulsion polymerization offers intriguing opportunities not only for the advanced synthesis of multiblock copolymers, but also provides access to polymeric nanoparticles of specific morphologies. Precise multiblock copolymer synthesis coupled with self-assembly offers material morphology control on length scales ranging from a few nanometers to a micrometer. It is imperative that polymer chemists interact with physicists and material scientists to maximize the impact of these materials of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn K K Clothier
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Thiago R Guimarães
- MACROARC, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Steven W Thompson
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Julia Y Rho
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Per B Zetterlund
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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3
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Cheng YT, Xia Q, Liu H, Solomon MB, Brisson ERL, Blackman LD, Ling CD, Müllner M. Tunable Polymer Nanoreactors from RAFT Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly: Fabrication of Nanostructured Carbon-Coated Anatase as Battery Anode Materials with Variable Morphology and Porosity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12261-12272. [PMID: 36821625 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a modular synthesis approach to yield mesoporous carbon-coated anatase (denoted as TiO2/C) nanostructures. Combining polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) dispersion polymerization enabled the fabrication of uniform core-shell polymeric nanoreactors with tunable morphologies. The nanoreactors comprised of a poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) shell and a poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PBzMA) core. We selected worm-like and vesicular morphologies to guide the nanostructuring of a TiO2 precursor, namely, titanium(IV) bis(ammonium lactato)dihydroxide (TALH). Subsequent carbonization yielded nanocrystalline anatase and simultaneously introduced a porous carbon framework, which also suppressed the crystal growth (∼5 nm crystallites). The as-prepared TiO2/C materials comprised of a porous structure, with large specific surface areas (>85 m2/g) and various carbon contents (20-30 wt %). As anode components in lithium-ion batteries, our TiO2/C nanomaterials improved the cycling stability, facilitated high overall capacities, and minimized the capacity loss compared to both their sans carbon and commercial anatase analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Theng Cheng
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Qingbo Xia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Sydney Microscopy & Microanalysis, The University of Sydney node of Microscopy Australia, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Marcello B Solomon
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Emma R L Brisson
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lewis D Blackman
- CSIRO Manufacturing Business Unit, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Chris D Ling
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Markus Müllner
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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4
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Wang M, Mao X, Liu J, Deng B, Deng S, Jin S, Li W, Gong J, Deng R, Zhu J. A Versatile 3D-Confined Self-Assembly Strategy for Anisotropic and Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Microparticles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202394. [PMID: 35780503 PMCID: PMC9443438 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous carbon microparticles (MCMPs) with anisotropic shapes and ordered structures are attractive materials that remain challenging to access. In this study, a facile yet versatile route is developed to prepare anisotropic MCMPs by combining neutral interface-guided 3D confined self-assembly (3D-CSA) of block copolymer (BCP) with a self-templated direct carbonization strategy. This route enables pre-engineering BCP into microparticles with oblate shape and hexagonal packing cylindrical mesostructures, followed by selective crosslinking and decorating of their continuous phase with functional species (such as platinum nanoparticles, Pt NPs) via in situ growth. To realize uniform in situ growth, a "guest exchange" strategy is proposed to make room for functional species and a pre-crosslinking strategy is developed to preserve the structural stability of preformed BCP microparticles during infiltration. Finally, Pt NP-loaded MCMPs are derived from the continuous phase of BCP microparticles through selective self-templated direct carbonization without using any external carbon source. This study introduces an effective concept to obtain functional species-loaded and N-doped MCMPs with oblate shape and almost hexagonal structure (p6mm), which would find important applications in fuel cells, separation, and heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould TechnologyKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Xi Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould TechnologyKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Jingye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould TechnologyKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Bite Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould TechnologyKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Shuai Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould TechnologyKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Shaohong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould TechnologyKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Wang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould TechnologyKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Jiang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould TechnologyKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Renhua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould TechnologyKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould TechnologyKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
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5
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Mohamed MG, Kuo SW. Progress in the self-assembly of organic/inorganic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) hybrids. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:5535-5561. [PMID: 35880446 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00635a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This Review describes recent progress in the self-assembly of organic/inorganic POSS hybrids derived from mono-, di-, and multi-functionalized POSS cages. We highlight the self-assembled structures and physical properties of giant surfactants and chain-end- and side-chain-type hybrids derived from mono-functionalized POSS cages; main-chain-type hybrids derived from di-functionalized POSS cages; and star-shaped hybrids derived from multi-functionalized POSS cages; with various polymeric attachments, including polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), phenolic, PVPh, and polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gamal Mohamed
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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6
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Lee D, Kim J, Ku KH, Li S, Shin JJ, Kim B. Poly(vinylpyridine)-Containing Block Copolymers for Smart, Multicompartment Particles. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00150k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multicompartment particles generated by the self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) have received considerable attention due to their unique morphologies and functionalities. A class of important building blocks for multicomponent particles...
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7
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Vena MP, de Moor D, Ianiro A, Tuinier R, Patterson JP. Kinetic state diagrams for a highly asymmetric block copolymer assembled in solution. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:1084-1090. [PMID: 33289775 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01596b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polymer self-assembly is used to form nanomaterials with a wide range of structures. While self-assembly of polymers in bulk has been thoroughly explored, the same process in solution remains widely used but partially unresolved, due to the formation of structures which are often kinetically trapped. In this paper we report kinetic state diagrams of polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer in water by changing the solvent-switch assembly conditions. We study 36 different conditions for a single block copolymer, exploring three parameters: polymer concentration, temperature and rate addition of selective solvent. The data shows that polymer concentration plays an important role in determining which morphologies are accessible within a given set of experimental parameters and provides evidence that vesicles can evolve into particles with complex internal structures, supportive of recent mechanistic studies. Most importantly, the data shows a complex relationship between all parameters and the resulting kinetically trapped morphologies indicating that combined in situ and ex situ studies are required to gain a fundamental understanding of kinetically controlled block copolymer assembly processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Paula Vena
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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8
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Sun CH, Septani CM, Sun YS. Direct Access to Bowl-Like Nanostructures with Block Copolymer Anisotropic Truncated Microspheres. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:636-645. [PMID: 33395300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bowl-like nanostructures have attracted significant scientific and technological interest due to their favorable characteristics, such as high specific surface area, interconnected porous channels, and conductivity. However, tailored synthesis of bowl-like nanostructures with well-defined and uniform morphology is still a challenge. Herein, we report a versatile microemulsion assembly approach to prepare bowl-like nanostructures of three different materials: polymer, carbon, and platinum. To this end, polystyrene-block-poly(4vinylpyridine), PS-b-P4VP, block copolymer (BCP) microparticles with truncated-sphere shape and composed of stacks of parallel lamellae were used because those anisotropic microparticles play an important role in the design of bowl-like nanostructures. To form nanolamellae-within-microparticle morphology, a designed PS-b-P4VP/chloroform/CTAB microemulsion can be facilely obtained in the aqueous medium, where the morphology can be tailored by the interplay between macro-phase separations, BCP self-assembly, and interfacial energies of three phases in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Finally, protonation or combination of cross-linking and pyrolysis of those truncated microparticles enables formation of polymer or carbon bowl-like nanostructures, respectively. Upon selective adsorption of Pt precursor salt ions with the pyridyl moieties followed by chemical reduction, subsequent calcination permits the synthesis of Pt bowl-like nanostructures. The microemulsion assembly approach opens up new ways to direct and template bowl-like nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hao Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Cindy Mutiara Septani
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sen Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
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9
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Larder RR, Bennett TM, Blankenship LS, Fernandes JA, Husband BK, Atkinson RL, Derry MJ, Toolan DTW, Centurion HA, Topham PD, Gonçalves RV, Taresco V, Howdle SM. Porous hollow TiO2 microparticles for photocatalysis: exploiting novel ABC triblock terpolymer templates synthesised in supercritical CO2. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00334h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of phase separated PMMA-b-PS-b-P4VP microparticles via RAFT-mediated dispersion polymerisation in scCO2 and their use as a structure-directing agent for the fabrication of TiO2 microparticles for photocatalysis.
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10
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11
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Riba-Moliner M, Oliveras-González C, Amabilino DB, González-Campo A. Supramolecular block copolymers incorporating chiral and achiral chromophores for the bottom-up assembly of nanomaterials. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619500809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The coordination of the chiral metalloporphyrin ([5,10,15,20-[4-([Formula: see text]-2-[Formula: see text]-octadecylamidoethyloxiphenyl]porphyrin] zinc (II)) and an achiral homologue to an amphiphilic block copolymer of poly(styrene-[Formula: see text]-4-vinyl pyridine) (PS-[Formula: see text]-P4VP) have been studied in solution and as cast material. The resulting chiral dye-polymer hybrid material has been accomplished via axial coordination between the zinc (II) metal ion in the core of the porphyrin ring and the pyridyl units of the block-copolymer in a non-coordinative solvent. The supramolecular organization and possible chirality transfer to the hybrid material have been studied in solution by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Circular Dichroism. The morphology of the chiral and achiral doped polymers has been studied in solid state by Transmission Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy. We show that the nanostructures formed depend greatly upon the nature of the side-chains on the porphyrins, where a chiral group leads to a very homogeneous phase-separated material, perhaps indicating that chiral side groups are useful for the preparation of this type of supramolecular hybrid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Riba-Moliner
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Oliveras-González
- Université d’Angers, CNRS Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR 6200, UFR Science, Bât. K, 2 Bd. Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France
| | - David B. Amabilino
- School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Arántzazu González-Campo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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12
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Jiang Z, Bhaskaran A, Aitken HM, Shackleford ICG, Connal LA. Using Synergistic Multiple Dynamic Bonds to Construct Polymers with Engineered Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900038. [PMID: 30977952 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic bonds have achieved significant attention for their ability to impart fascinating properties to polymeric materials, such as high mechanical strength, self-healing, shape memory, 3D printability, and conductivity. Incorporating multiple dynamic bonds into polymer systems affords an attractive and efficient approach to endow multiple functionalities. This mini-review focuses on the use of complementary dynamic interactions to control the properties of soft materials. Owing to the diversity in dynamic chemistries that can be explored, the scope of this article is restricted to polymers and does not include colloids, amphiphiles, liquid crystals, or biological soft matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jiang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ayana Bhaskaran
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Heather M Aitken
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - India C G Shackleford
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Luke A Connal
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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13
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Bennett TM, He G, Larder RR, Fischer MG, Rance GA, Fay MW, Pearce AK, Parmenter CDJ, Steiner U, Howdle SM. Clean Block Copolymer Microparticles from Supercritical CO 2: Universal Templates for the Facile and Scalable Fabrication of Hierarchical Mesostructured Metal Oxides. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:7560-7569. [PMID: 30407014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide microparticles with well-defined internal mesostructures are promising materials for a variety of different applications, but practical routes to such materials that allow the constituent structural length scales to be precisely tuned have thus far been difficult to realize. Herein, we describe a novel platform methodology that utilizes self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) microparticles synthesized by dispersion polymerization in supercritical CO2 (scCO2) as universal structure directing agents for both hydrolytic and nonhydrolytic sol-gel routes to metal oxides. Spherically structured poly(methyl methacrylate- block-4-vinylpyridine) (PMMA- b-P4VP) BCP microparticles are translated into a series of the corresponding organic/inorganic composites and pure inorganic derivatives with a high degree of fidelity for the metal oxides TiO2 and LiFePO4. The final products are comprised of particles close to 1 μm in size with a highly ordered internal morphology of interconnected spheres between 20-40 nm in size. Furthermore, our approach is readily scalable, enabling grams of pure or carbon-coated TiO2 and LiFePO4, respectively, to be fabricated in a facile two step route involving ambient temperature mixing and drying stages. Given that both length scales within these BCP microparticles can be controlled independently by minor variations in the reagent quantities used, the present general strategy could represent a milestone in the design and synthesis of hierarchical metal oxides with completely tunable dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Bennett
- School of Chemistry , The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham , NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Guping He
- School of Chemistry , The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham , NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Ryan R Larder
- School of Chemistry , The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham , NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Michael G Fischer
- Adolphe Merkle Institute , Université de Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4 , 1700 Fribourg , Switzerland
| | - Graham A Rance
- School of Chemistry , The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham , NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC) , The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham , NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Michael W Fay
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC) , The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham , NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Amanda K Pearce
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy , The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham , NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D J Parmenter
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre (nmRC) , The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham , NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Ullrich Steiner
- Adolphe Merkle Institute , Université de Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4 , 1700 Fribourg , Switzerland
| | - Steven M Howdle
- School of Chemistry , The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham , NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
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14
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Quintieri G, Saccone M, Spengler M, Giese M, Gröschel AH. Supramolecular Modification of ABC Triblock Terpolymers in Confinement Assembly. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E1029. [PMID: 30544769 PMCID: PMC6315710 DOI: 10.3390/nano8121029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of AB diblock copolymers in three-dimensional (3D) soft confinement of nanoemulsions has recently become an attractive bottom up route to prepare colloids with controlled inner morphologies. In that regard, ABC triblock terpolymers show a more complex morphological behavior and could thus give access to extensive libraries of multicompartment microparticles. However, knowledge about their self-assembly in confinement is very limited thus far. Here, we investigated the confinement assembly of polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine)-block-poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PS-b-P4VP-b-PT or SVT) triblock terpolymers in nanoemulsion droplets. Depending on the block weight fractions, we found spherical microparticles with concentric lamella⁻sphere (ls) morphology, i.e., PS/PT lamella intercalated with P4VP spheres, or unusual conic microparticles with concentric lamella⁻cylinder (lc) morphology. We further described how these morphologies can be modified through supramolecular additives, such as hydrogen bond (HB) and halogen bond (XB) donors. We bound donors to the 4VP units and analyzed changes in the morphology depending on the binding strength and the length of the alkyl tail. The interaction with the weaker donors resulted in an increase in volume of the P4VP domains, which depends upon the molar fraction of the added donor. For donors with a high tendency of intermolecular packing, a visible change in the morphology was observed. This ultimately caused a shape change in the microparticle. Knowledge about how to control inner morphologies of multicompartment microparticles could lead to novel carbon supports for catalysis, nanoparticles with unprecedented topologies, and potentially, reversible shape changes by light actuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Quintieri
- Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Marco Saccone
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 41125 Essen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Spengler
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 41125 Essen, Germany.
| | - Michael Giese
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 41125 Essen, Germany.
| | - André H Gröschel
- Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
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15
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Chang CW, Tu YH, Luo KH, Chen JT. From Block Copolymer Nanotubes to Nanospheres: Nonsolvent-Induced Morphology Transformation Using Porous Templates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:14388-14394. [PMID: 30376343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymer nanostructures have attracted great attention because of the wide range of applications such as sensors and drug delivery. The fabrication of block copolymer nanostructures with controlled morphologies and sizes, however, is still challenging. Here, we study the fabrication of nanotubes and nanospheres of polystyrene- block-polybutadiene (PS- b-PBD) using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. When PS- b-PBD solutions in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone are introduced into the nanopores of the AAO templates applying the traditional solution wetting method, PS- b-PBD nanotubes can be obtained. When PS- b-PBD solutions in the nanopores are in contact with a nonsolvent, acetic acid, PS- b-PBD nanospheres are formed. Two possible mechanisms are proposed to discuss the formation of the nonsolvent-driven morphology transformation, including the Rayleigh-instability-type transformation mechanism and the nucleation and growth mechanism. The effect of the polymer concentrations on the internal morphologies of the PS- b-PBD nanostructures is discussed; at higher concentrations, PS- b-PBD nanocapsules can also be prepared. Furthermore, core-shell PS- b-PBD/polymethylmethacrylate nanospheres can be fabricated using this strategy with polymer blend solutions. This work not only demonstrates a simple strategy to control the morphologies of block copolymer nanostructures but also deepens the understanding of the interactions between polymer solutions and solvents.
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16
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Yu CY, Kuo SW. Phenolic Functionality of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Nanoparticles Affects Self-Assembly Supramolecular Structures of Block Copolymer Hybrid Complexes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Yu
- Department of Materials and
Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and
Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
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17
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Avalos E, Teramoto T, Komiyama H, Yabu H, Nishiura Y. Transformation of Block Copolymer Nanoparticles from Ellipsoids with Striped Lamellae into Onionlike Spheres and Dynamical Control via Coupled Cahn-Hilliard Equations. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1304-1314. [PMID: 31457966 PMCID: PMC6641522 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Annealing of block copolymers has become a tool of great importance for the reconfiguration of nanoparticles. Here, we present the experimental results of annealing block copolymer nanoparticles and a theoretical model to describe the morphological transformation of ellipsoids with striped lamellae into onionlike spheres. A good correspondence between the experimental findings and predictions of the model was observed. The model based on finding the steepest direction of descent of an appropriate free energy leads to a set of Cahn-Hilliard equations that correctly describe the dynamical transformation of striped ellipsoids into onionlike spheres and reverse onionlike particles, regardless of the nature of the annealing process. This universality makes it possible to describe a variety of experimental conditions involving nanoparticles underlying a heating process. A notable advantage of the proposed approach is that it enables selective control of the interaction between the confined block copolymer and the surrounding medium. This feature endows the model with a great versatility to enable the reproduction of several combined effects of surfactants in diverse conditions, including cases with reverse affinities for the block copolymer segments. A phase diagram to describe a variety of morphologies is presented. We employ the relationship between the temperature-dependent Flory-Huggins parameter and the width of the interfaces to account for changes in temperature due to the heating process. Simulation results correctly show how the transformation evolves as the temperature increases. This increment in temperature corresponds to progressively smaller values of the interfacial width. We anticipate that the proposed approach will facilitate the design and more precise control of experiments involving various kinds of annealing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Avalos
- Mathematical
Science Group, WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takashi Teramoto
- Department
of Mathematics, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1, Midorigaoka-higashi, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | - Hideaki Komiyama
- Device/System
Group, WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yabu
- Device/System
Group, WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Nishiura
- Mathematical
Science Group, WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, MathAM-OIL, 2-1-1 Katahira,
Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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18
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Schmidt BVKJ, Wang CX, Kraemer S, Connal LA, Klinger D. Highly functional ellipsoidal block copolymer nanoparticles: a generalized approach to nanostructured chemical ordering in phase separated colloidal particles. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01817g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Spatially controlled introduction of chemical functionalities into ellipsoidal block copolymer nanoparticles is achieved through pre- and post-assembly strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C. X. Wang
- Materials Research Laboratory
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - S. Kraemer
- Materials Research Laboratory
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - L. A. Connal
- Research School of Chemistry
- Australian National University
- Canberra
- Australia
| | - D. Klinger
- Institute of Pharmacy
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
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19
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TiO 2 composite nanotubes embedded with CdS and upconversion nanoparticles for near infrared light driven photocatalysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62929-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Kim HN, Vahidinia S, Holt AL, Sweeney AM, Yang S. Geometric Design of Scalable Forward Scatterers for Optimally Efficient Solar Transformers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1702922. [PMID: 29034980 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It will be ideal to deliver equal, optimally efficient "doses" of sunlight to all cells in a photobioreactor system, while simultaneously utilizing the entire solar resource. Backed by the numerical scattering simulation and optimization, here, the design, synthesis, and characterization of the synthetic iridocytes that recapitulated the salient forward-scattering behavior of the Tridacnid clam system are reported, which presents the first geometric solution to allow narrow, precise forward redistribution of flux, utilizing the solar resource at the maximum quantum efficiency possible in living cells. The synthetic iridocytes are composed of silica nanoparticles in microspheres embedded in gelatin, both are low refractive index materials and inexpensive. They show wavelength selectivity, have little loss (the back-scattering intensity is reduced to less than ≈0.01% of the forward-scattered intensity), and narrow forward scattering cone similar to giant clams. Moreover, by comparing experiments and theoretical calculation, it is confirmed that the nonuniformity of the scatter sizes is a "feature not a bug" of the design, allowing for efficient, forward redistribution of solar flux in a micrometer-scaled paradigm. This method is environmentally benign, inexpensive, and scalable to produce optical components that will find uses in efficiency-limited solar conversion technologies, heat sinks, and biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Na Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sanaz Vahidinia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- The Nature Conservancy, 4245 North Fairfax Drive, Arlington, VA, 22203, USA
| | - Amanda L Holt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alison M Sweeney
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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21
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Fischer MG, Hua X, Wilts BD, Gunkel I, Bennett TM, Steiner U. Mesoporous Titania Microspheres with Highly Tunable Pores as an Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:22388-22397. [PMID: 28609102 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous titania microspheres (MTMs) have been employed in many applications, including (photo)catalysis as well as energy conversion and storage. Their morphology offers a hierarchical structural design motif that lends itself to being incorporated into established large-scale fabrication processes. Despite the fact that device performance hinges on the precise morphological characteristics of these materials, control over the detailed mesopore structure and the tunability of the pore size remains a challenge. Especially the accessibility of a wide range of mesopore sizes by the same synthesis method is desirable, as this would allow for a comparative study of the relationship between structural features and performance. Here, we report a method that combines sol-gel chemistry with polymer micro- and macrophase separation to synthesize porous titania spheres with diameters in the micrometer range. The as-prepared MTMs exhibit well-defined, accessible porosities with mesopore sizes adjustable by the choice of the polymers. When applied as an anode material in lithium ion batteries (LIBs), the MTMs demonstrate excellent performance. The influence of the pore size and an in situ carbon coating on charge transport and storage is examined, providing important insights for the optimization of structured titania anodes in LIBs. Our synthesis strategy presents a facile one-pot approach that can be applied to different structure-directing agents and inorganic materials, thus further extending its scope of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Fischer
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Xiao Hua
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bodo D Wilts
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ilja Gunkel
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Bennett
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Ullrich Steiner
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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22
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Frascaroli J, Cianci E, Spiga S, Seguini G, Perego M. Ozone-Based Sequential Infiltration Synthesis of Al 2O 3 Nanostructures in Symmetric Block Copolymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:33933-33942. [PMID: 27960442 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS) provides an original strategy to grow inorganic materials by infiltrating gaseous precursors in polymeric films. Combined with microphase-separated nanostructures resulting from block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly, SIS selectively binds the precursors to only one domain, mimicking the morphology of the original BCP template. This methodology represents a smart solution for the fabrication of inorganic nanostructures starting from self-assembled BCP thin films, in view of advanced lithographic application and of functional nanostructure synthesis. The SIS process using trimethylaluminum (TMA) and H2O precursors in self-assembled PS-b-PMMA BCP thin films was established as a model system, where the PMMA phase is selectively infiltrated. However, the temperature range allowed by polymeric material restricts the available precursors to highly reactive reagents, such as TMA. In order to extend the SIS methodology and access a wide library of materials, a crucial step is the implementation of processes using reactive reagents that are fully compatible with the initial polymeric template. This work reports a comprehensive morphological (SEM, SE, AFM) and physicochemical (XPS) investigation of alumina nanostructures synthesized by means of a SIS process using O3 as oxygen precursor in self-assembled PS-b-PMMA thin films with lamellar morphology. The comparison with the H2O-based SIS process validates the possibility to use O3 as oxygen precursor, expanding the possible range of precursors for the fabrication of inorganic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Frascaroli
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR, Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Elena Cianci
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR, Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Sabina Spiga
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR, Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Gabriele Seguini
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR, Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Michele Perego
- Laboratorio MDM, IMM-CNR, Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
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23
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Nadgorny M, Xiao Z, Chen C, Connal LA. Three-Dimensional Printing of pH-Responsive and Functional Polymers on an Affordable Desktop Printer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:28946-28954. [PMID: 27696806 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work we describe the synthesis, thermal and rheological characterization, hot-melt extrusion, and three-dimensional printing (3DP) of poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP). We investigate the effect of thermal processing conditions on physical properties of produced filaments in order to achieve high quality, 3D-printable filaments for material extrusion 3DP (ME3DP). Mechanical properties and processing performances of P2VP were enhanced by addition of 12 wt % acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), which reinforced P2VP fibers. We 3D-print P2VP filaments using an affordable 3D printer. The pyridine moieties are cross-linked and quaternized postprinting to form 3D-printed pH-responsive hydrogels. The printed objects exhibited dynamic and reversible pH-dependent swelling. These hydrogels act as flow-regulating valves, controlling the flow rate with pH. Additionally, a macroporous P2VP membrane was 3D-printed and the coordinating ability of the pyridyl groups was employed to immobilize silver precursors on its surface. After the reduction of silver ions, the structure was used to catalyze the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol with a high efficiency. This is a facile technique to print recyclable catalytic objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Nadgorny
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, 3010 Australia
| | - Zeyun Xiao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, 3010 Australia
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, 3010 Australia
| | - Luke A Connal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, 3010 Australia
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24
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Jennings J, Bassett SP, Hermida-Merino D, Portale G, Bras W, Knight L, Titman JJ, Higuchi T, Jinnai H, Howdle SM. How does dense phase CO2 influence the phase behaviour of block copolymers synthesised by dispersion polymerisation? Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01823d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Using a CO2 continuous phase for dispersion synthesis of block copolymers can provide a useful handle to control phase behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Jennings
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - S. P. Bassett
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - D. Hermida-Merino
- DUBBLE@ESRF
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (N.W.O.)
- Grenoble
- France
| | - G. Portale
- DUBBLE@ESRF
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (N.W.O.)
- Grenoble
- France
| | - W. Bras
- DUBBLE@ESRF
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (N.W.O.)
- Grenoble
- France
| | - L. Knight
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - J. J. Titman
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - T. Higuchi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM)
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8577
- Japan
| | - H. Jinnai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM)
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8577
- Japan
| | - S. M. Howdle
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
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25
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Jennings J, He G, Howdle SM, Zetterlund PB. Block copolymer synthesis by controlled/living radical polymerisation in heterogeneous systems. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:5055-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00253f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We review the range of CLRP-controlled syntheses of block copolymer particles in dispersed systems, which are being exploited to create new opportunities for the design of nanostructured soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Jennings
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
| | - G. He
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - S. M. Howdle
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - P. B. Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
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26
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Chen C, Xiao Z, Connal LA. Phase Separated Block Copolymer Particles with Tuneable Morphologies: Striped, Onion, and Patchy Particles. Aust J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/ch16033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aqueous solution self-assembly of a series of poly(2-vinyl pyridine)-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (P2VP-b-PDMS) diblock copolymers is reported. The particles show a phase separated interior morphology which can be tuned from onion-like sphere to axially stacked lamella with dimensions in the nanoscale. The key to this transition is the control of the interfacial properties using a mixture of two surfactants with preferential wetting to the respective blocks (P2VP or PDMS). Influence of block weights on particle morphology was investigated with results showing that the volume fraction of PDMS plays a crucial role in self-assembly, and a non-conventional structure of a prolate spheroid nanoparticle with a unique phase separated interior morphology can be synthesised.
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27
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Kempe K, Wylie RA, Dimitriou MD, Tran H, Hoogenboom R, Schubert US, Hawker CJ, Campos LM, Connal LA. Preparation of non-spherical particles from amphiphilic block copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Kempe
- Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 Jena 07743 Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Ross A. Wylie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; The University of Melbourne; 3010 Australia
| | - Michael D. Dimitriou
- Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Helen Tran
- Department of Chemistry; Columbia University; New York New York 10027
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Department of Organic Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 Ghent B-9000 Belgium
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstr. 10 Jena 07743 Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7 Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, Materials Department and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Santa Barbara California 93106
| | - Luis M. Campos
- Department of Chemistry; Columbia University; New York New York 10027
| | - Luke A. Connal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; The University of Melbourne; 3010 Australia
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28
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Wu J, Weng LT, Qin W, Liang G, Tang BZ. Crystallization-Induced Redox-Active Nanoribbons of Organometallic Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:593-597. [PMID: 35596298 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polymer/inorganic functional nanostructures are essential for the fabrication of high-performance nanodevices in the future. The synthesis of hybrid nanostructures is hindered by complicated synthetic protocols or harsh conditions. Herein, we report a facile and scalable method for the synthesis of organometallic polymer nanoribbons through crystallization of polymers capped with a ferrate complex. Nanoribbons consisted of a single crystalline polymer lamella coated with a redox-active ferrate complex on both sides. The nanoribbons had a width of approximately 70 nm and a thickness of 10 nm. With the merit of highly ordered crystalline structures of polymers and functional coating layers, as well as a highly anisotropic nature, the nanoribbons are useful in nanodevices and biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Wu
- DSAP,
PCFM and GDHPPC lab, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lu-Tao Weng
- Materials
Characterization and Preparation Facility, Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Qin
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research
Institute, No. 9 Yuexing first RD,
South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China 518057
| | - Guodong Liang
- DSAP,
PCFM and GDHPPC lab, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research
Institute, No. 9 Yuexing first RD,
South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China 518057
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29
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Xu J, Wang K, Li J, Zhou H, Xie X, Zhu J. ABC Triblock Copolymer Particles with Tunable Shape and Internal Structure through 3D Confined Assembly. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Xu
- Key
Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry
of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School
of Materials Science and Engineering, HUST, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry
of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Key
Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry
of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huamin Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School
of Materials Science and Engineering, HUST, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Key
Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry
of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key
Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System of the Ministry
of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
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30
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Jin Z, Fan H. Self-assembly of nanostructured block copolymer nanoparticles. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:9212-9219. [PMID: 25341526 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02064b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this highlight, we discuss the self-assembly of block copolymer (BCP) nanoparticles. We first review the state-of-art of hierarchical structural features of BCP nanoparticles due to 3D geometric confinement, both theory and experiments. Simultaneously, we highlight the applications based on these structural features: the generation of multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles, the fabrication of mesoporous BCP nanoparticles, and applications of using BCP nanoparticles as nanocontainers or nanocargos. Finally, we discuss the challenge in the fabrication and potential applications of nanostructured BCP nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China.
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31
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Fattakhova-Rohlfing D, Zaleska A, Bein T. Three-Dimensional Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2014; 114:9487-558. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500201c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Adriana Zaleska
- Department
of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich, Germany
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32
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Hong L, Zhang Z, Zhang W. Synthesis of Organic/Inorganic Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane-Containing Block Copolymers via Reversible Addition–Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization and Their Self-Assembly in Aqueous Solution. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie501517m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Hong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional
Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhenghe Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional
Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional
Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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33
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Fan H, Jin Z. Freezing polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) micelle nanoparticles with different nanostructures and sizes. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:2848-2855. [PMID: 24668189 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm53049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report how to control the nanostructures and sizes of polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P2VP) nanoparticles via manipulating freezing in solvent-exchange. By characterizing and analyzing the distinct structural features of the obtained nanoparticles, we recognized that micelle self-assembly happens in the precipitation of PS-b-P2VP when water is added into the block copolymer (BCP) solution. Solvent properties significantly influence micelle types that are vesicles in acetone/H2O and spherical micelles in tetrahydrofuran/H2O, respectively, thus further inducing different frozen nanostructures of the obtained nanoparticles, onion-like in acetone/H2O and large compound micelles in tetrahydrofuran/H2O. By changing the concentration of the block copolymers and the Vsolvent/VH2O ratio to modify the freezing stage at which block copolymer micelles are frozen, we can further control the size of the nanoparticles. Moreover, small molecules (phosphotungstic acid, pyrene, 1-pyrenebutyric acid) can be trapped into the block copolymer nanoparticles via the freezing process. Their distribution in the nanoparticles relies not only on the solvent property, but also on their interactions with block copolymers. The hybrid nanoparticles with ordered distribution of small molecules can be further changed to partially-void nanoparticles. Our study demonstrated that manipulating the freezing of block copolymers in the solvent exchange process is a simple and controllable fabrication method to generate BCP nanoparticles with different architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China.
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34
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Molina EF, Pulcinelli SH, Briois V, Santilli CV. Fine-tuning of a nanostructure, swelling, and drug delivery profile by blending ureasil–PEO and ureasil–PPO hybrids. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01126g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Dey P, Zhu S, Thurecht KJ, Fredericks PM, Blakey I. Self assembly of plasmonic core–satellite nano-assemblies mediated by hyperbranched polymer linkers. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:2827-2837. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00263f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of plasmonic nano-assemblies has a direct influence on optical properties, such as localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dey
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Future Environments
| | - Shaoli Zhu
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- St. Lucia, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging
- University of Queensland
| | - Peter M. Fredericks
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Future Environments
| | - Idriss Blakey
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- St. Lucia, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging
- University of Queensland
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36
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Sageshima Y, Noro A, Matsushita Y. Structural isomer effects on the morphology of block copolymer/metal salts hybrids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Sageshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University, Furo-cho; Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Atsushi Noro
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University, Furo-cho; Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Yushu Matsushita
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University, Furo-cho; Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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37
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Klinger D, Robb MJ, Spruell JM, Lynd NA, Hawker CJ, Connal LA. Supramolecular guests in solvent driven block copolymer assembly: From internally structured nanoparticles to micelles. Polym Chem 2013; 4:5038-5042. [PMID: 25525473 PMCID: PMC4267284 DOI: 10.1039/c3py00750b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular interactions between different hydrogen-bonding guests and poly(2-vinyl pyridine)-block-poly (styrene) can be exploited to prepare remarkably diverse self-assembled nanostructures in dispersion from a single block copolymer (BCP). The characteristics of the BCP can be efficiently controlled by tailoring the properties of a guest which preferentially binds to the P2VP block. For example, the incorporation of a hydrophobic guest creates a hydrophobic BCP complex that forms phase separated nanoparticles upon self-assembly. Conversely, the incorporation of a hydrophilic guest results in an amphiphilic BCP complex that forms spherical micelles in water. The ability to tune the self-assembly behavior and access dramatically different nanostructures from a single BCP substrate demonstrates the exceptional versatility of the self-assembly of BCPs driven by supramolecular interactions. This approach represents a new methodology that will enable the further design of complex, responsive self-assembled nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Klinger
- Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106
| | - Maxwell J Robb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106
| | - Jason M Spruell
- Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106
| | - Nathaniel A Lynd
- Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106
| | - Craig J Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106 ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106
| | - Luke A Connal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, the University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3010
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38
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Higuchi T, Shimomura M, Yabu H. Reorientation of Microphase-Separated Structures in Water-Suspended Block Copolymer Nanoparticles through Microwave Annealing. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400620v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Higuchi
- WPI Research Center, Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai
980-8577, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Shimomura
- WPI Research Center, Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai
980-8577, Japan
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai
980-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yabu
- Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai
980-8577, Japan
- Precursory
Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho,
Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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39
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Jang SG, Audus DJ, Klinger D, Krogstad DV, Kim BJ, Cameron A, Kim SW, Delaney KT, Hur SM, Killops KL, Fredrickson GH, Kramer EJ, Hawker CJ. Striped, Ellipsoidal Particles by Controlled Assembly of Diblock Copolymers. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:6649-57. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4019447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular
Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daehon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Kato L. Killops
- Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, U.S. Army Research, Development, and Engineering Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010, United States
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