1
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Kim J, Bain DC, Ding V, Majumder K, Windemuller D, Feng J, Wu J, Patil S, Anthony J, Kim W, Musser AJ. Coherent photoexcitation of entangled triplet pair states. Nat Chem 2024:10.1038/s41557-024-01556-3. [PMID: 38898214 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The functional properties of organic semiconductors are defined by the interplay between optically bright and dark states. Organic devices require rapid conversion between these bright and dark manifolds for maximum efficiency, and one way to achieve this is through multiexciton generation (S1→1TT). The dark state 1TT is typically generated from bright S1 after optical excitation; however, the mechanistic details are hotly debated. Here we report a 1TT generation pathway in which it can be coherently photoexcited, without any involvement of bright S1. Using <10-fs transient absorption spectroscopy and pumping sub-resonantly, 1TT is directly generated from the ground state. Applying this method to a range of pentacene dimers and thin films of various aggregation types, we determine the critical material properties that enable this forbidden pathway. Through a strikingly simple technique, this result opens the door for new mechanistic insights into 1TT and other dark states in organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juno Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - David C Bain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Vivian Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Kanad Majumder
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore, Republic of India
| | - Dean Windemuller
- Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jiaqi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Satish Patil
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore, Republic of India
| | - John Anthony
- Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Woojae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Andrew J Musser
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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2
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Seki S, Yoshida K, Sugisaki M, Yamano N, Fujii R. Characterization of the Ultraviolet-B Absorption Band of Carotenoids Using Solvent-dependent Shifts in Steady-State and Transient Absorption Spectra. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5623-5629. [PMID: 38833602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The versatile functions of carotenoids in biological systems are associated with the extended π-electron conjugation system. Strong visible absorption resulting from the optically allowed S2 (1Bu+) state and the low-lying optically forbidden S1 (2Ag-) state examined. Carotenoids also exhibit an absorption band in the ultraviolet-B region; however, the origin of this band (hereafter referred to as Suv state) is not well characterized. The Suv state is a candidate for the destination level of the well-known S1 → Sn transient absorption; however, an obvious energy mismatch has been observed. In this study, we examined the steady-state and picosecond transient absorption spectra of lycopene in various solvents. The Suv absorption of carotenoids with diverse conjugation lengths was also examined. The dependence of the energies on solvent polarizability and conjugation length revealed that both Suv and Sn are the "second" Bu+ state. The absorption spectrum for lycopene at 200 K revealed an additional vibrational band, which may be the vibrational origin of the S0 → Suv band. Considering the slow vibrational relaxation of the 2Ag- state, the S1 → Sn transition may represent the 2Ag- (v = 1) → 2Bu+ (v = 0) transition, and the energetic contradiction can be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Seki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yoshida
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Sugisaki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Nami Yamano
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Ritsuko Fujii
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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3
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Huang J, Ojambati OS, Climent C, Cuartero-Gonzalez A, Elliott E, Feist J, Fernández-Domínguez AI, Baumberg JJ. Influence of Quadrupolar Molecular Transitions within Plasmonic Cavities. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14487-14495. [PMID: 38787356 PMCID: PMC11155255 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Optical nanocavities have revolutionized the manipulation of radiative properties of molecular and semiconductor emitters. Here, we investigate the amplified photoluminescence arising from exciting a dark transition of β-carotene molecules embedded within plasmonic nanocavities. Integrating a molecular monolayer into nanoparticle-on-mirror nanostructures unveils enhancements surpassing 4 orders of magnitude in the initially light-forbidden excitation. Such pronounced enhancements transcend conventional dipolar mechanisms, underscoring the presence of alternative enhancement pathways. Notably, Fourier-plane scattering spectroscopy shows that the photoluminescence excitation resonance aligns with a higher-order plasmonic cavity mode, which supports strong field gradients. Combining quantum chemistry calculations with electromagnetic simulations reveals an important interplay between the Franck-Condon quadrupole and Herzberg-Teller dipole contributions in governing the absorption characteristics of this dark transition. In contrast to free space, the quadrupole moment plays a significant role in photoluminescence enhancement within nanoparticle-on-mirror cavities. These findings provide an approach to access optically inactive transitions, promising advancements in spectroscopy and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Huang
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Oluwafemi S. Ojambati
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Clàudia Climent
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alvaro Cuartero-Gonzalez
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
- Mechanical
Engineering Department, ICAI, Universidad
Pontificia Comillas, Madrid 28015, Spain
| | - Eoin Elliott
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Johannes Feist
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Antonio I. Fernández-Domínguez
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
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4
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Chrupková P, van Stokkum IHM, Friedrich T, Moldenhauer M, Budisa N, Tseng HW, Polívka T, Cherepanov DA, Maksimov EG, Kloz M. Raman Vibrational Signatures of Excited States of Echinenone in the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) and Implications for its Photoactivation Mechanism. J Mol Biol 2024:168625. [PMID: 38797429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the vibrational characteristics of optically excited echinenone in various solvents and the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) in red and orange states are systematically investigated through steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy techniques. Time-resolved experiments, employing both Transient Absorption (TA) and Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy (FSRS), reveal different states in the OCP photoactivation process. The time-resolved studies indicate vibrational signatures of exited states positioned above the S1 state during the initial 140 fs of carotenoid evolution in OCP, an absence of a vibrational signature for the relaxed S1 state of echinenone in OCP, and more robust signatures of a highly excited ground state (GS) in OCP. Differences in S1 state vibration population signatures between OCP and solvents are attributed to distinct conformations of echinenone in OCP and hydrogen bonds at the keto group forming a short-lived intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state. The vibrational dynamics of the hot GS in OCP show a more pronounced red shift of ground state CC vibration compared to echinenone in solvents, thus suggesting an unusually hot form of GS. The study proposes a hypothesis for the photoactivation mechanism of OCP, emphasizing the high level of vibrational excitation in longitudinal stretching modes as a driving force. In conclusion, the comparison of vibrational signatures reveals unique dynamics of energy dissipation in OCP, providing insights into the photoactivation mechanism and highlighting the impact of the protein environment on carotenoid behavior. The study underscores the importance of vibrational analysis in understanding the intricate processes involved in early phase OCP photoactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Chrupková
- The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, ELI Beamlines Facility, Za Radnicí 835, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo H M van Stokkum
- Vrije Universiteit, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Moldenhauer
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nediljko Budisa
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, 144 Dysart Rd, 360 Parker Building, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Hsueh-Wei Tseng
- University of Manitoba, Department of Chemistry, 144 Dysart Rd, 360 Parker Building, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Dmitry A Cherepanov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russian Federation; Lomonosov Moscow State University, A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Eugene G Maksimov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Vorobyovy Gory 1-12, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Miroslav Kloz
- The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, ELI Beamlines Facility, Za Radnicí 835, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic.
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5
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Peng B, Wang Z, Jiang J, Huang Y, Liu W. Investigation of ultrafast intermediate states during singlet fission in lycopene H-aggregate using femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:194304. [PMID: 38757619 DOI: 10.1063/5.0200802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The singlet fission process involves the conversion of one singlet excited state into two triplet states, which has significant potential for enhancing the energy utilization efficiency of solar cells. Carotenoid, a typical π conjugated chromophore, exhibits specific aggregate morphologies known to display singlet fission behavior. In this study, we investigate the singlet fission process in lycopene H-aggregates using femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy aided by quantum chemical calculation. The experimental results reveal two reaction pathways that effectively relax the S2 (11Bu+) state populations in lycopene H-aggregates: a monomer-like singlet excited state relaxation pathway through S2 (11Bu+) → 11Bu- → S1 (21Ag-) and a dominant sequential singlet fission reaction pathway involving the S2 (11Bu+) state, followed by S* state, a triplet pair state [1(TT)], eventually leading to a long lifetime triplet state T1. Importantly, the presence of both anionic and cationic fingerprint Raman peaks in the S* state is indicative of a substantial charge-transfer character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jiaming Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yifan Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Weimin Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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6
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Arcidiacono A, Cignoni E, Mazzeo P, Cupellini L, Mennucci B. Predicting Solvatochromism of Chromophores in Proteins through QM/MM and Machine Learning. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:3646-3658. [PMID: 38683801 PMCID: PMC11089512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Solvatochromism occurs in both homogeneous solvents and more complex biological environments, such as proteins. While in both cases the solvatochromic effects report on the surroundings of the chromophore, their interpretation in proteins becomes more complicated not only because of structural effects induced by the protein pocket but also because the protein environment is highly anisotropic. This is particularly evident for highly conjugated and flexible molecules such as carotenoids, whose excitation energy is strongly dependent on both the geometry and the electrostatics of the environment. Here, we introduce a machine learning (ML) strategy trained on quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations of geometrical and electrochromic contributions to carotenoids' excitation energies. We employ this strategy to compare solvatochromism in protein and solvent environments. Despite the important specifities of the protein, ML models trained on solvents can faithfully predict excitation energies in the protein environment, demonstrating the robustness of the chosen descriptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Arcidiacono
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial
Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Cignoni
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial
Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mazzeo
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial
Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial
Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial
Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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7
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Beck WF. Intramolecular charge transfer and the function of vibronic excitons in photosynthetic light harvesting. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s11120-024-01095-5. [PMID: 38656684 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
A widely discussed explanation for the prevalence of pairs or clusters of closely spaced electronic chromophores in photosynthetic light-harvesting proteins is the presence of ultrafast and highly directional excitation energy transfer pathways mediated by vibronic excitons, the delocalized optical excitations derived from mixing of the electronic and vibrational states of the chromophores. We discuss herein the hypothesis that internal conversion processes between exciton states on the <100 fs timescale are possible when the excitonic potential energy surfaces are controlled by the vibrational modes that induce charge transfer character in a strongly coupled system of chromophores. We discuss two examples, the peridinin-chlorophyll protein from marine dinoflagellates and the intact phycobilisome from cyanobacteria, in which the intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) character arising from out-of-plane distortion of the conjugation of carotenoid or bilin chromophores also results in localization of the initially delocalized optical excitation on the vibrational timescale. Tuning of the ground state conformations of the chromophores to manipulate their ICT character provides a natural photoregulatory mechanism, which would control the overall quantum yield of excitation energy transfer by turning on and off the delocalized character of the optical excitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren F Beck
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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8
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Özcan E, Šímová I, Bína D, Litvín R, Polívka T. Ultrafast spectroscopy of the hydrophilic carotenoid crocin at various pH. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10225-10233. [PMID: 38497307 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00665h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study delves into the pH-dependent effects on the excited-state behavior of crocin, a hydrophilic carotenoid with diverse functions in biological systems. Steady-state spectroscopy demonstrates notable changes in absorption and fluorescence spectra, characterized by a pH-dependent blue shift and altered resolution of vibrational bands. Transient absorption spectra further elucidate these effects, highlighting a significant blue shift in the S1-Sn peak with increasing pH. Detailed kinetic analysis shows the pH-dependent dynamics of crocin's excited states. At pH 11, a shortening of effective conjugation is observed, resulting in a prolonged S1/ICT lifetime. Conversely, at pH 9, our data suggest a more complex scenario, suggesting the presence of two distinct crocin species with different relaxation patterns. This implies structural alterations within the crocin molecule, potentially linked to the deprotonation of hydroxyl groups in crocin and/or saponification at high pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Özcan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Šímová
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - David Bína
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Litvín
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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9
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Yakovlev AG, Taisova AS. Quenching of bacteriochlorophyll a triplet state by carotenoids in the chlorosome baseplate of green bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:8815-8823. [PMID: 38421198 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00287c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
To capture weak light fluxes, green photosynthetic bacteria have unique structures - chlorosomes, consisting of 104-5 molecules of bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c, d, e. Chlorosomes are attached to the cytoplasmic membrane through the baseplate, a paracrystalline protein structure containing BChl a and carotenoids (Car). The most important function of Car is the quenching of triplet states of BChl, which prevents the formation of singlet oxygen and thereby provides photoprotection. In our work, we studied the dynamics of the triplet states of BChl a and Car in the baseplate of Chloroflexus aurantiacus chlorosomes using picosecond differential spectroscopy. BChl a of the baseplate was excited into the Qy band at 810 nm, and the corresponding absorption changes were recorded in the range of 420-880 nm. It was found that the formation of the Car triplet state occurs in ∼1.3 ns, which is ∼3 times faster than the formation of this state in the peripheral antenna of C. aurantiacus according to literature data. The Car triplet state was recorded by the characteristic absorption band T1 → Tn at ∼550 nm. Simultaneously with the appearance of absorption T1 → Tn, there was a bleaching of the singlet absorption of Car in the region of 400-500 nm. Theoretical modeling made it possible to estimate the characteristic time of formation of the triplet state of BChl a as ∼0.5 ns. It is shown that the experimental data are well described by the sequential scheme of formation and quenching of the BChl a triplet state: BChl a* → BChl aT → CarT. Thus, carotenoids from green bacteria effectively protect the baseplate from possible damage by singlet oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei G Yakovlev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexandra S Taisova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
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10
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Marcolin G, Tumbarello F, Fresch E, Agostini A, Büchel C, Carbonera D, Collini E. Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy Characterization of Fucoxanthin-Chlorophyll Protein Reveals Excitonic Carotenoid-Chlorophyll Interactions. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:2392-2399. [PMID: 38394035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin Chlorophyll Protein (FCP) is a Light Harvesting Complex found in diatoms and brown algae. It is particularly interesting for its efficiency in capturing the blue-green part of the light spectrum due to the presence of specific chromophores (fucoxanthin, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll c). Recently, the crystallographic structure of FCP was solved, revealing the 3D arrangement of the pigments in the protein scaffold. While this information is helpful for interpreting the spectroscopic features of FCP, it has also raised new questions about the potential interactions between fucoxanthin and chlorophyll c. These interactions were suggested by their spatial closeness but have never been experimentally observed. To investigate this possible interaction mechanism, in this work, two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) has been applied to study the ultrafast relaxation dynamics of FCP. The experiments captured an instantaneous delocalization of the excitation among fucoxanthin and chlorophyll c, suggesting the presence of a non-negligible coupling between the chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Marcolin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Tumbarello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Fresch
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Agostini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Büchel
- Institut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straβe 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Donatella Carbonera
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Collini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
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11
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Pedraza-González L, Accomasso D, Cupellini L, Granucci G, Mennucci B. Ultrafast excited-state dynamics of Luteins in the major light-harvesting complex LHCII. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:303-314. [PMID: 38151602 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00518-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoid pigments are known to present a functional versatility when bound to light-harvesting complexes. This versatility originates from a strong correlation between a complex electronic structure and a flexible geometry that is easily tunable by the surrounding protein environment. Here, we investigated how the different L1 and L2 sites of the major trimeric light-harvesting complex (LHCII) of green plants tune the electronic structure of the two embedded luteins, and how this reflects on their ultrafast dynamics upon excitation. By combining molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations, we found that the two luteins feature a different conformation around the second dihedral angle in the lumenal side. The s-cis preference of the lutein in site L2 allows for a more planar geometry of the π -conjugated backbone, which results in an increased degree of delocalization and a reduced excitation energy, explaining the experimentally observed red shift. Despite these remarkable differences, according to surface hopping simulations the two luteins present analogous ultrafast dynamics upon excitation: the bright S 2 state quickly decays (in ∼ 50 fs) to the dark intermediate S x , eventually ending up in the S 1 state. Furthermore, by employing two different theoretical approaches (i.e., Förster theory and an excitonic version of surface hopping), we investigated the experimentally debated energy transfer between the two luteins. With both approaches, no evident energy transfer was observed in the ultrafast timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pedraza-González
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Davide Accomasso
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Granucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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12
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Accomasso D, Londi G, Cupellini L, Mennucci B. The nature of carotenoid S* state and its role in the nonphotochemical quenching of plants. Nat Commun 2024; 15:847. [PMID: 38286840 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
In plants, light-harvesting complexes serve as antennas to collect and transfer the absorbed energy to reaction centers, but also regulate energy transport by dissipating the excitation energy of chlorophylls. This process, known as nonphotochemical quenching, seems to be activated by conformational changes within the light-harvesting complex, but the quenching mechanisms remain elusive. Recent spectroscopic measurements suggest the carotenoid S* dark state as the quencher of chlorophylls' excitation. By investigating lutein embedded in different conformations of CP29 (a minor antenna in plants) via nonadiabatic excited state dynamics simulations, we reveal that different conformations of the complex differently stabilize the lutein s-trans conformer with respect to the dominant s-cis one. We show that the s-trans conformer presents the spectroscopic signatures of the S* state and rationalize its ability to accept energy from the closest excited chlorophylls, providing thus a relationship between the complex's conformation and the nonphotochemical quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Accomasso
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Giacomo Londi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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13
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Li J, Zeng T, Qu Z, Zhai Y, Li H. Energy transfer from two luteins to chlorophylls in light-harvesting complex II study by using exciton models with phase correction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1023-1029. [PMID: 38093671 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05278h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
In light-harvesting complex II of plants, the two lutein pigments (LUT1 and LUT2) are always paired and an energy transfer pathway between them is believed to exist. However, it remains unclear whether this pathway is essential for the energy transfer between carotenoids and chlorophylls. In this work, we performed hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations with Frenkel exciton models to investigate this energy transfer. The results show that the energy transfer pathways between the S2 state of LUT1 and CLAs are not affected by LUT2 S2. The energy transfer between LUT and chlorophyll-a (CLA) also follows a resonance mechanism. The two LUTs have different energy transfer pathways according to their energy gaps and coupling strengths with each CLA. The present work sheds light on the energy transfer pathways involved in the two LUTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130023, China.
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Zexing Qu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130023, China.
| | - Yu Zhai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130023, China.
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14
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Wang K, Chen X, Xu J, Peng S, Wu D, Xia J. Recent Advance in the Development of Singlet-Fission-Capable Polymeric Materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300241. [PMID: 37548255 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Singlet fission (SF) is a spin-allowed process in which a higher-energy singlet exciton is converted into two lower-energy triplet excitons via a triplet pair intermediate state. Implementing SF in photovoltaic devices holds the potential to exceed the Shockley-Queisser limit of conventional single-junction solar cells. Although great progress has been made in exploiting the underlying mechanism of SF over the past decades, the scope of materials capable of SF, particularly polymeric materials, remains poor. SF-capable polymer is one of the most potential candidates in the implementation of SF into devices due to their distinct superiorities in flexibility, solution processability and self-assembly behavior. Notably, recent advancements have demonstrated high-performance SF in isolated donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymer chains. This review provides an overview of recent progress in the development of SF-capable polymeric materials, with a significant focus on elucidating the mechanisms of SF in polymers and optimizing the design strategies for SF-capable polymers. Additionally, the paper discusses the challenges encountered in this field and presents future perspectives. It is expected that this comprehensive review will offer valuable insights into the design of novel SF-capable polymeric materials, further advancing the potential for SF implementation in photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shaoqian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jianlong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
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15
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Kosumi D, Bandou-Uotani M, Kato S, Kawakami K, Yonekura K, Kamiya N. Reinvestigation on primary processes of PSII-dimer from Thermosynechococcus vulcanus by femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 159:79-91. [PMID: 38363474 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial photosynthetic apparatus efficiently capture sunlight, and the energy is subsequently transferred to photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII), to produce electrochemical potentials. PSII is a unique membrane protein complex that photo-catalyzes oxidation of water and majorly contains photosynthetic pigments of chlorophyll a and carotenoids. In the present study, the ultrafast energy transfer and charge separation dynamics of PSII from a thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus were reinvestigated by femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopic measurements under low temperature and weak intensity excitation condition. The results imply the two possible models of the energy transfers and subsequent charge separation in PSII. One is the previously suggested "transfer-to-trapped limit" model. Another model suggests that the energy transfers from core CP43 and CP47 antennas to the primary electron donor ChlD1 with time-constants of 0.71 ps and 3.28 ps at 140 K (0.17 and 1.33 ps at 296 K), respectively and that the pheophytin anion (PheoD1-) is generated with the time-constant of 43.0 ps at 140 K (14.8 ps at 296 K) upon excitation into the Qy band of chlorophyll a at 670 nm. The secondary electron transfer to quinone QA: PheoD1-QA → PheoD1QA- is observed with the time-constant of 650 ps only at 296 K. On the other hand, an inefficient β-carotene → chlorophyll a energy transfer (33%) occurred after excitation to the S2 state of β-carotene at 500 nm. Instead, the carotenoid triplet state appeared in an ultrafast timescale after excitation at 500 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kosumi
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Miki Bandou-Uotani
- School of Graduate Studies, The Open University of Japan, 2-11 Wakaba, Mihama-Ku, Chiba, 261-8586, Japan
- Division of Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Shunya Kato
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawakami
- Biostructual Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN, SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo, Hyougo, 679-5148, Japan.
| | - Koji Yonekura
- Biostructual Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN, SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo, Hyougo, 679-5148, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kamiya
- The OCU Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138Sumiyoshi-Ku, SugimotoOsaka City, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
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16
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Gray C, Kailas L, Adams PG, Duffy CDP. Unravelling the fluorescence kinetics of light-harvesting proteins with simulated measurements. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1865:149004. [PMID: 37699505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2023.149004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The plant light-harvesting pigment-protein complex LHCII is the major antenna sub-unit of PSII and is generally (though not universally) accepted to play a role in photoprotective energy dissipation under high light conditions, a process known Non-Photochemical Quenching (NPQ). The underlying mechanisms of energy trapping and dissipation within LHCII are still debated. Various models have been proposed for the underlying molecular detail of NPQ, but they are often based on different interpretations of very similar transient absorption measurements of isolated complexes. Here we present a simulated measurement of the fluorescence decay kinetics of quenched LHCII aggregates to determine whether this relatively simple measurement can discriminate between different potential NPQ mechanisms. We simulate not just the underlying physics (excitation, energy migration, quenching and singlet-singlet annihilation) but also the signal detection and typical experimental data analysis. Comparing this to a selection of published fluorescence decay kinetics we find that: (1) Different proposed quenching mechanisms produce noticeably different fluorescence kinetics even at low (annihilation free) excitation density, though the degree of difference is dependent on pulse width. (2) Measured decay kinetics are consistent with most LHCII trimers becoming relatively slow excitation quenchers. A small sub-population of very fast quenchers produces kinetics which do not resemble any observed measurement. (3) It is necessary to consider at least two distinct quenching mechanisms in order to accurately reproduce experimental kinetics, supporting the idea that NPQ is not a simple binary switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Gray
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Lekshmi Kailas
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Peter G Adams
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D P Duffy
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom.
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17
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Rose JB, Gascón JA, Sutter M, Sheppard DI, Kerfeld CA, Beck WF. Photoactivation of the orange carotenoid protein requires two light-driven reactions mediated by a metastable monomeric intermediate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:33000-33012. [PMID: 38032096 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04484j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The orange carotenoid protein (OCP) functions as a sensor of the ambient light intensity and as a quencher of bilin excitons when it binds to the core of the cyanobacterial phycobilisome. We show herein that the photoactivation mechanism that converts the resting, orange-colored state, OCPO, to the active red-colored state, OCPR, requires a sequence of two reactions, each requiring absorption of a single photon by an intrinsic ketocarotenoid chromophore. Global analysis of absorption spectra recorded during continuous illumination of OCPO preparations from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 detects the reversible formation of a metastable intermediate, OCPI, in which the ketocarotenoid canthaxanthin exhibits an absorption spectrum with a partial red shift and a broadened vibronic structure compared to that of the OCPO state. While the dark recovery from OCPR to OCPI is a first-order, unimolecular reaction, the subsequent conversion of OCPI to the resting OCPO state is bimolecular, involving association of two OCPO monomers to form the dark-stable OCPO dimer aggregate. These results indicate that photodissociation of the OCPO dimer to form the monomeric OCPO intermediate is the first step in the photoactivation mechanism. Formation of the OCPO monomer from the dimer increases the mean value and broadens the distribution of the solvent-accessible surface area of the canthaxanthin chromophore measured in molecular dynamics trajectories at 300 K. The second step in the photoactivation mechanism is initiated by absorption of a second photon, by canthaxanthin in the OCPO monomer, which obtains the fully red-shifted and broadened absorption spectrum detected in the OCPR product state owing to displacement of the C-terminal domain and the translocation of canthaxanthin more than 12 Å into the N-terminal domain. Both steps in the photoactivation reaction of OCP are likely to involve changes in the structure of the C-terminal domain elicited by excited-state conformational motions of the ketocarotenoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Rose
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA.
| | - José A Gascón
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, USA
| | - Markus Sutter
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Damien I Sheppard
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA
| | - Cheryl A Kerfeld
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Warren F Beck
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA.
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18
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Keşan G, Özcan E, Chábera P, Polívka T, Fuciman M. Time-Resolved Spectroelectrochemical Dynamics of Carotenoid 8'-apo-β-Carotenal. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300404. [PMID: 37747302 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
This work examines the influence of applied external voltage in bulk electrolysis on the excited-state properties of 8'-apo-β-carotenal in acetonitrile by steady-state and ultrafast time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. The data collected under bulk electrolysis were compared with those taken without applied voltage. The steady-state measurements showed that although intensity of the S0 -S2 absorption band varies with the applied voltage, the spectral position remain nearly constant. Comparison of transient absorption spectra shows that the magnitude of the ICT-like band decreases during the experiment under applied voltage condition, and is associated with a prolongation of the S1 /ICT-like lifetime from 8 ps to 13 ps. Furthermore, switching off the applied voltage resulted in returning to no-voltage data within about 30 min. Our results show that the amplitude of the signal associated with the ICT state can be tuned by applying an external voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gürkan Keşan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České, Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Emrah Özcan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České, Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Pavel Chábera
- Pavel Chábera, Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 142, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České, Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Fuciman
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České, Budějovice, Czech Republic
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19
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Götze JP, Lokstein H. Excitation Energy Transfer between Higher Excited States of Photosynthetic Pigments: 2. Chlorophyll b is a B Band Excitation Trap. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40015-40023. [PMID: 37929150 PMCID: PMC10620878 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophylls (Chls) are known for fast, subpicosecond internal conversion (IC) from ultraviolet/blue absorbing ("B" or "Soret" states) to the energetically lower, red light-absorbing Q states. Consequently, excitation energy transfer (EET) in photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes involving the B states has so far not been considered. We present, for the first time, a theoretical framework for the existence of B-B EET in tightly coupled Chl aggregates such as photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes. We show that according to a Förster resonance energy transport (FRET) scheme, unmodulated B-B EET has an unexpectedly high range. Unsuppressed, it could pose an existential threat-the damage potential of blue light for photochemical reaction centers (RCs) is well-known. This insight reveals so-far undescribed roles for carotenoids (Crts, cf. previous article in this series) and Chl b (this article) of possibly vital importance. Our model system is the photosynthetic antenna pigment-protein complex (CP29). The focus of the study is on the role of Chl b for EET in the Q and B bands. Further, the initial excited pigment distribution in the B band is computed for relevant solar irradiation and wavelength-centered laser pulses. It is found that both accessory pigment classes compete efficiently with Chl a absorption in the B band, leaving only 40% of B band excitations for Chl a. B state population is preferentially relocated to Chl b after excitation of any Chls, due to a near-perfect match of Chl b B band absorption with Chl a B state emission spectra. This results in an efficient depletion of the Chl a population (0.66 per IC/EET step, as compared to 0.21 in a Chl a-only system). Since Chl b only occurs in the peripheral antenna complexes of plants and algae, and RCs contain only Chl a, this would automatically trap potentially dangerous B state population in the antennae, preventing forwarding to the RCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan P. Götze
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Fachbereich Biologie Chemie Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Lokstein
- Department
of Chemical Physics and Optics, Charles
University, Ke Karlovu
3, 121 16 Prague
2, Czech Republic
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20
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Götze JP, Lokstein H. Excitation Energy Transfer between Higher Excited States of Photosynthetic Pigments: 1. Carotenoids Intercept and Remove B Band Excitations. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:40005-40014. [PMID: 37929138 PMCID: PMC10620780 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophylls (Chls) are known for fast, subpicosecond internal conversion (IC) from ultraviolet/blue-absorbing ("B" or "Soret" states) to the energetically lower, red light-absorbing Q states. Consequently, excitation energy transfer (EET) in photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes involving the B states has so far not been considered. We present, for the first time, a theoretical framework for the existence of B-B EET in tightly coupled Chl aggregates such as photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes. We show that according to a Förster resonance energy transport (FRET) scheme, unmodulated B-B EET has an unexpectedly high range. Unsuppressed, it could pose an existential threat: the damage potential of blue light for photochemical reaction centers (RCs) is well-known. This insight reveals so far undescribed roles for carotenoids (Crts, this article) and Chl b (next article in this series) of possibly vital importance. Our model system is the photosynthetic antenna pigment-protein complex (CP29). Here, we show that the B → Q IC is assisted by the optically allowed Crt state (S2): The sequence is B → S2 (Crt, unrelaxed) → S2 (Crt, relaxed) → Q. This sequence has the advantage of preventing ∼39% of Chl-Chl B-B EET since the Crt S2 state is a highly efficient FRET acceptor. The B-B EET range and thus the likelihood of CP29 to forward potentially harmful B excitations toward the RC are thus reduced. In contrast to the B band of Chls, most Crt energy donation is energetically located near the Q band, which allows for 74/80% backdonation (from lutein/violaxanthin) to Chls. Neoxanthin, on the other hand, likely donates in the B band region of Chl b, with 76% efficiency. Crts thus act not only in their currently proposed photoprotective roles but also as a crucial building block for any system that could otherwise deliver harmful "blue" excitations to the RCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan P. Götze
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Fachbereich Biologie Chemie Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Lokstein
- Department
of Chemical Physics and Optics, Charles
University, Ke Karlovu
3, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
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21
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Menger MFSJ, Köppel H. On the Fluorescence Properties and Nonradiative Transitions in Medium-Sized All-Trans Polyenes. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:8501-8507. [PMID: 37815131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The nonadiabatic photodynamics of all-trans linear polyenes with N = 4-8 conjugated double bonds is studied from an electronic structure perspective. Excitation energies and stationary points for the 1Bu and 2Ag singlet states have been computed by using the state-average complete active space (SA-CASSCF) method and its second-order perturbation theory variant (MS-CASPT2). The dependence of the two low-lying excited states on the "chain length" N has been elucidated. In addition, the 1Bu-2Ag crossing seam has been mapped out in a suitable two-dimensional coordinate space and its minimum within the subspace has been determined. This minimum is found to increase substantially and monotonously in energy with increasing N. This increase is discussed and interpreted in relation to the fluorescence properties of these systems. In particular, it allows to understand the crossover from S1(2Ag) fluorescence for smaller N to S2(1Bu) (or dual) fluorescence for larger N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian F S J Menger
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, University Heidelberg, INF 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Horst Köppel
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, University Heidelberg, INF 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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22
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Liu N, Zhang Y, Niu K, Lu F, Zhong D. Optical Control of Crossing the Conical Intersection in β-Carotene. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9215-9221. [PMID: 37811837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Optical control of dynamic processes has been challenging yet has only been demonstrated in several chemical and biological systems. The control of a reaction passing the widely present conical intersection has not been realized. Here, we modulated the phase of the excitation pulse to control the dynamics of β-carotene through accessing the conical intersection (CI). We observed different dynamics in 110-220 fs into the CI and the consecutive process in 400-600 fs through another CI by various chirped excitation pulses. We successfully controlled those ultrafast wavepacket dynamics passing the CIs on the femtosecond time scales. The method developed here can be used to control a various of ultrafast chemical and biological reactions through the CI(s).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dongping Zhong
- Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Program of Biophysics, Program of Chemical Physics, and Program of Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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23
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Telegina TA, Vechtomova YL, Aybush AV, Buglak AA, Kritsky MS. Isomerization of carotenoids in photosynthesis and metabolic adaptation. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:887-906. [PMID: 37974987 PMCID: PMC10643480 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In nature, carotenoids are present as trans- and cis-isomers. Various physical and chemical factors like light, heat, acids, catalytic agents, and photosensitizers can contribute to the isomerization of carotenoids. Living organisms in the process of evolution have developed different mechanisms of adaptation to light stress, which can also involve isomeric forms of carotenoids. Particularly, light stress conditions can enhance isomerization processes. The purpose of this work is to review the recent studies on cis/trans isomerization of carotenoids as well as the role of carotenoid isomers for the light capture, energy transfer, photoprotection in light-harvesting complexes, and reaction centers of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants and other photosynthetic organisms. The review also presents recent studies of carotenoid isomers for the biomedical aspects, showing cis- and trans-isomers differ in bioavailability, antioxidant activity and biological activity, which can be used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. A. Telegina
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninsky Prospect, Building 2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuliya L. Vechtomova
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninsky Prospect, Building 2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - A. V. Aybush
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - A. A. Buglak
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7-9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - M. S. Kritsky
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninsky Prospect, Building 2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
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24
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Polak D, Hannon ADP, Marczak Giorio GA, Hawkins OA, Oliver TAA. The Solvent-Dependent Photophysics of Diphenyloctatetraene. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:8199-8207. [PMID: 37708380 PMCID: PMC10544004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c03737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite many decades of study, the excited state photophysics of polyenes remains controversial. In diphenylpolyenes with conjugated backbones that contain between 2 and 4 double carbon-carbon bonds, the first two excited electronic states are nearly degenerate but of entirely different character, and their energy splitting is strongly dependent on solvent polarizability. To examine the interplay between these different states, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopies were used to undertake a comprehensive investigation of diphenylocatetraene's (DPO) excited state dynamics in 10 solvents of different polarizabilities and polarities, ranging from weakly interacting alkanes to polar hydrogen-bonding alcohols. These data revealed that photopreparation of the optically bright 1Bu state resulted in fast (<170 ps) internal conversion to the lower-lying optically dark 2Ag state. The 2Ag state is responsible for almost all the observed DPO fluorescence and gains oscillator strength via vibronic intensity stealing with the near-degenerate 1Bu state. The fluorescence lifetime associated with the 2Ag state decayed monoexponentially (4.2-7.2 ns) in contrast to prior biexponential decay kinetics reported for similar polyenes, diphenylbutadiene and diphenylhexatriene. An analysis combining the measured fluorescence lifetimes and fluorescence quantum yields (the latter varying between 7 and 21%) allowed for a 190 cm-1 Herzberg-Teller vibronic coupling constant between the 1Bu and 2Ag states to be determined. The analysis also revealed that the ordering of electronic states remains constant in all the solvents studied, with the 2Ag state minimum always lower in energy than that of the 1Bu state, thus making it a relatively simple polyene compared to structurally similar diphenylhexatriene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Olivia A. Hawkins
- School of Chemistry, Cantock’s
Close, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Thomas A. A. Oliver
- School of Chemistry, Cantock’s
Close, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K.
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25
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Li J, Zeng T, Zhai Y, Qu Z, Li H. Intermolecular resonance energy transfer between two lutein pigments in light-harvesting complex II studied by frenkel exciton models. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:24636-24642. [PMID: 37665609 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03092j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The energy transfer pathways in light-harvesting complex II are complicated and the discovery of the energy transfer between the two luteins revealed an unelucidated important role of carotenoids in the energy flow. This energy transfer between the two S2 states of luteins was for the first time investigated using Frenkel exciton models, using a hybrid scheme of molecular mechanics and quantum mechanics. The results show the energy flow between the two luteins under the Förster resonance energy transfer mechanism. The energy transfer caused by energy level resonance occurs in configurations with small energy gaps. This energy transfer pathway is particularly sensitive to conformation. Moreover, according to the statistical characteristics of the data of the energy gaps and coupling values between LUTs, we proposed stochastic exciton Hamiltonian models to facilitate clarification of the energy transfer among pigments in antenna complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130023, China.
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Yu Zhai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130023, China.
| | - Zexing Qu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130023, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130023, China.
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26
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Petry S, Tremblay JC, Götze JP. Impact of Structure, Coupling Scheme, and State of Interest on the Energy Transfer in CP29. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:7207-7219. [PMID: 37581578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The Qy and Bx excitation energy transfer (EET) in the minor light-harvesting complex CP29 (LHCII B4.1) antenna complex of Pisum sativum was characterized using a computational approach. We applied Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and the transition density cube (TDC) method to estimate the Coulombic coupling, based on a combination of classical molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations. Employing TDC instead of FRET mostly affects the EET between chlorophylls (Chls) and carotenoids (Crts), as expected due to the Crts being spatially more challenging for FRET. Only between Chls, effects are found to be small (about only 0.1 EET efficiency change when introducing TDC instead of FRET). Effects of structural sampling were found to be small, illustrated by a small average standard deviation for the Qy state coupling elements (FRET/TDC: 0.97/0.94 cm-1). Due to the higher flexibility of the Bx state, the corresponding deviations are larger (FRET/TDC between Chl-Chl pairs: 17.58/22.67 cm-1, between Crt-Chl pairs: 62.58/31.63 cm-1). In summary, it was found for the Q band that the coupling between Chls varies only slightly depending on FRET or TDC, resulting in a minute effect on EET acceptor preference. In contrast, the coupling in the B band spectral region is found to be more affected. Here, the S2 (1Bu) states of the spatially challenging Crts may act as acceptors in addition to the B states of the Chls. Depending on FRET or TDC, several Chls show different Chl-to-Crt couplings. Interestingly, the EET between Chls or Crts in the B band is found to often outcompete the corresponding decay processes. The individual efficiencies for B band EET to Crts vary however strongly with the chosen coupling scheme (e.g., up to 0.29/0.99 FRET/TDC efficiency for the Chl a604/neoxanthin pair). Thus, the choice of the coupling scheme must involve a consideration of the state of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Petry
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J C Tremblay
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques, CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 57070 Metz, France
| | - J P Götze
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Kuznetsova V, Fuciman M, Polívka T. Relaxation dynamics of high-energy excited states of carotenoids studied by UV excitation and pump-repump-probe transient absorption spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:22336-22344. [PMID: 37580966 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02485g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The excited states of carotenoids have been a subject of numerous studies. While a majority of these reports target the excited state dynamics initiated by the excitation of the S2 state, the upper excited state(s) absorbing in the UV spectral region (denoted as SUV) has been only scarcely studied. Moreover, the relation between the SUV and Sn, the final state of the well-known S1-Sn transition of carotenoids, remains unknown. To address this yet-unresolved issue, we compared the excited state dynamics of two carotenoids, namely, β-carotene and astaxanthin, after excitation of either the SUV or Sn state. The SUV state was excited directly by UV light, and the excitation of the Sn state was achieved via re-pumping the S1-Sn transition. The results indicated that direct SUV excitation produces an S1-Sn band that is significantly broader than that obtained after S2 excitation, most probably due to the generation of multiple S1 conformations produced by excess energy. No such broadening is observed if the Sn state is excited by the re-pump pulse. This shows that the Sn and SUV states are different, each initializing a specific relaxation pathway. We propose that the Sn state retains the coupled triplet pair character of the S1 state, while the SUV state is the higher state of Bu+ symmetry accessible by one-photon transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentyna Kuznetsova
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Marcel Fuciman
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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28
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Kabaciński P, Marabotti P, Fazzi D, Petropoulos V, Iudica A, Serafini P, Cerullo G, Casari CS, Zavelani-Rossi M. Disclosing Early Excited State Relaxation Events in Prototypical Linear Carbon Chains. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18382-18390. [PMID: 37525883 PMCID: PMC10450801 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) linear nanostructures comprising sp-hybridized carbon atoms, as derivatives of the prototypical allotrope known as carbyne, are predicted to possess outstanding mechanical, thermal, and electronic properties. Despite recent advances in their synthesis, their chemical and physical properties are still poorly understood. Here, we investigate the photophysics of a prototypical polyyne (i.e., 1D chain with alternating single and triple carbon bonds) as the simplest model of finite carbon wire and as a prototype of sp-carbon-based chains. We perform transient absorption experiments with high temporal resolution (<30 fs) on monodispersed hydrogen-capped hexayne H─(C≡C)6─H synthesized by laser ablation in liquid. With the support of computational studies based on ground state density functional theory (DFT) and excited state time-dependent (TD)-DFT calculations, we provide a comprehensive description of the excited state relaxation processes at early times following photoexcitation. We show that the internal conversion from a bright high-energy singlet excited state to a low-lying singlet dark state is ultrafast and takes place with a 200 fs time constant, followed by thermalization on the picosecond time scale and decay of the low-energy singlet state with hundreds of picoseconds time constant. We also show that the time scale of these processes does not depend on the end groups capping the sp-carbon chain. The understanding of the primary photoinduced events in polyynes is of key importance both for fundamental knowledge and for potential optoelectronic and light-harvesting applications of low-dimensional nanostructured carbon-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kabaciński
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Pietro Marabotti
- Dipartimento
di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via G. Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Fazzi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Università degli studi di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vasilis Petropoulos
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Iudica
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Patrick Serafini
- Dipartimento
di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via G. Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Istituto
di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie IFN-CNR, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo S. Casari
- Dipartimento
di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via G. Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Zavelani-Rossi
- Dipartimento
di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, via G. Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Istituto
di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie IFN-CNR, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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29
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Yin BW, Wang JL, Xue PJ, Zhang TS, Xie BB, Shen L, Fang WH. Understanding the Excited-State Relaxation Mechanisms of Xanthophyll Lutein by Multi-configurational Electronic Structure Calculations. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:4679-4690. [PMID: 37489739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The contradictory behaviors in light harvesting and non-photochemical quenching make xanthophyll lutein the most attractive functional molecule in photosynthesis. Despite several theoretical simulations on the spectral properties and excited-state dynamics, the atomic-level photophysical mechanisms need to be further studied and established, especially for an accurate description of geometric and electronic structures of conical intersections for the lowest several electronic states of lutein. In the present work, semiempirical OM2/MRCI and multi-configurational restricted active space self-consistent field methods were performed to optimize the minima and conical intersections in and between the 1Ag-, 2Ag-, 1Bu+, and 1Bu- states. Meanwhile, the relative energies were refined by MS-CASPT2(10,8)/6-31G*, which can reproduce correct electronic state properties as those in the spectroscopic experiments. Based on the above calculation results, we proposed a possible excited-state relaxation mechanism for lutein from its initially populated 1Bu+ state. Once excited to the optically bright 1Bu+ state, the system will propagate along the key reaction coordinate, i.e., the stretching vibration of the conjugated carbon chain. During this period of time, the 1Bu- state will participate in and forms a resonance state between the 1Bu- and 1Bu+ states. Later, the system will rapidly hop to the 2Ag- state via the 1Bu+/2Ag- conical intersection. Finally, the lutein molecule will survive in the 2Ag- state for a relatively long time before it internally converts to the ground state directly or via a twisted S1/S0 conical intersection. Notably, though the photophysical picture may be very different in solvents and proteins, the current theoretical study proposed a promising calculation protocol and also provided many valuable mechanistic insights for lutein and similar carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wen Yin
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou 311231 Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Lei Wang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou 311231 Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Pu-Jie Xue
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Teng-Shuo Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Bin-Bin Xie
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou 311231 Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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30
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Nagao R, Ueno Y, Furutani M, Kato K, Shen JR, Akimoto S. Biochemical and spectroscopic characterization of PSI-LHCI from the red alga Cyanidium caldarium. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 156:315-323. [PMID: 36781711 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-00999-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) have been diversified in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, and play an essential role in capturing light energy which is transferred to two types of photosystem cores to promote charge-separation reactions. Red algae are one of the groups of photosynthetic eukaryotes, and their chlorophyll (Chl) a-binding LHCs are specifically associated with photosystem I (PSI). In this study, we purified three types of preparations, PSI-LHCI supercomplexes, PSI cores, and isolated LHCIs, from the red alga Cyanidium caldarium, and examined their properties. The polypeptide bands of PSI-LHCI showed characteristic PSI and LHCI components without contamination by other proteins. The carotenoid composition of LHCI displayed zeaxanthins, β-cryptoxanthins, and β-carotenes. Among the carotenoids, zeaxanthins were enriched in LHCI. On the contrary, both zeaxanthins and β-cryptoxanthins could not be detected from PSI, suggesting that zeaxanthins and β-cryptoxanthins are bound to LHCI but not PSI. A Qy peak of Chl a in the absorption spectrum of LHCI was shifted to a shorter wavelength than those in PSI and PSI-LHCI. This tendency is in line with the result of fluorescence-emission spectra, in which the emission maxima of PSI-LHCI, PSI, and LHCI appeared at 727, 719, and 677 nm, respectively. Time-resolved fluorescence spectra of LHCI represented no 719 and 727-nm fluorescence bands from picoseconds to nanoseconds. These results indicate that energy levels of Chls around/within LHCIs and within PSI are changed by binding LHCIs to PSI. Based on these findings, we discuss the expression, function, and structure of red algal PSI-LHCI supercomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nagao
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Ueno
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
- Institute of Arts and Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Miyu Furutani
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Koji Kato
- Structural Biology Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo-Gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Seiji Akimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
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31
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Monzón-Bensojo JF, Flores-Hidalgo MA, Flores-Barraza R, Barraza-Jiménez D. Theoretical FRET Efficiency of an Antenna Material Containing Natural Dyes and Zeolite L. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15594-15610. [PMID: 37151506 PMCID: PMC10157681 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We calculated the Förster resonance energy-transfer (FRET) efficiency of a theoretical host-guest composite formed by all-trans β-cryptoxanthin (BCRY), all-trans zeaxanthin (ZEA), and a zeolite-LTL (Linde Type L) nanochannel with the help of computational chemistry tools. Climate change demands urgently the development of novel renewable energies, and in such a context, artificial photosynthesis arises as a promising technology capable of contributing to satisfying humankind's energy needs. All artificial photosynthetic devices need antennas to harvest and transfer energy to a reaction center efficiently. Antenna materials integrated by highly fluorescent synthetic pigments embedded onto the nanochannels of a zeolite-LTL have already been shown experimentally to be very efficient supramolecular assemblies. However, research work computing the efficiency of an antenna made of nonfluorescent natural pigments and a zeolite-LTL nanochannel has not been undertaken yet, at least to our knowledge. Fortunately, natural dyes possess outstanding features to study them dynamically; they are environmentally friendly, inexpensive, ubiquitous, and abundant. Density functional theory (DFT) methods were chiefly employed along with the CAM-B3LYP functional and the 3-21G*/6-311+G(d,p) basis sets. The ONIOM method enabled geometry and energy calculations of dyes inside the zeolite-LTL (ZL) nanochannel. The Förster resonance energy-transfer (FRET) efficiency and the Förster radius of the composite were 40.9% and 24.9 Å, respectively. Theoretical findings suggested that this composite might contribute to diminishing costs and improving the environmental friendliness of an antenna system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Francisco Monzón-Bensojo
- Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Veterinaria s/n, Circuito Universitario, Col. Valle del sur, C.P. 34120 Victoria de Durango, Durango, México
| | - Manuel Alberto Flores-Hidalgo
- Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Veterinaria s/n, Circuito Universitario, Col. Valle del sur, C.P. 34120 Victoria de Durango, Durango, México
| | - Ruth Flores-Barraza
- Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Veterinaria s/n, Circuito Universitario, Col. Valle del sur, C.P. 34120 Victoria de Durango, Durango, México
| | - Diana Barraza-Jiménez
- Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Veterinaria s/n, Circuito Universitario, Col. Valle del sur, C.P. 34120 Victoria de Durango, Durango, México
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32
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Koo S, Kim YH, Flender O, Scholz M, Oum K, Lenzer T. Photoinduced Dynamics of 13,13'-Diphenylpropyl-β-carotene. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083505. [PMID: 37110738 PMCID: PMC10143239 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are ubiquitous pigment systems in nature which are relevant to a range of processes, such as photosynthesis, but the detailed influence of substitutions at the polyene backbone on their photophysics is still underexplored. Here, we present a detailed experimental and theoretical investigation of the carotenoid 13,13'-diphenylpropyl-β-carotene using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy and steady-state absorption experiments in n-hexane and n-hexadecane, complemented by DFT/TDDFT calculations. In spite of their bulkiness and their potential capability to "fold back" onto the polyene system, which could result in π-stacking effects, the phenylpropyl residues have only a minor impact on the photophysical properties compared with the parent compound β-carotene. Ultrafast spectroscopy finds lifetimes of 200-300 fs for the S2 state and 8.3-9.5 ps for the S1 state. Intramolecular vibrational redistribution with time constants in the range 0.6-1.4 ps is observed in terms of a spectral narrowing of the S1 spectrum over time. We also find clear indications of the presence of vibrationally hot molecules in the ground electronic state (S0*). The DFT/TDDFT calculations confirm that the propyl spacer electronically decouples the phenyl and polyene π-systems and that the substituents in the 13 and 13' positions point away from the polyene system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangho Koo
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Myongji-Ro 116, Cheoin-Gu, Yongin 17058, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Hun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Myongji-Ro 116, Cheoin-Gu, Yongin 17058, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Oliver Flender
- Physical Chemistry 2, Department Chemistry and Biology, Faculty IV: School of Science and Technology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Mirko Scholz
- Physical Chemistry 2, Department Chemistry and Biology, Faculty IV: School of Science and Technology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Kawon Oum
- Physical Chemistry 2, Department Chemistry and Biology, Faculty IV: School of Science and Technology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Thomas Lenzer
- Physical Chemistry 2, Department Chemistry and Biology, Faculty IV: School of Science and Technology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
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33
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Fatková K, Cajzl R, Burda JV. The vertical excitation energies and a lifetime of the two lowest singlet excited states of the conjugated polyenes from C2 to C22: Ab initio, DFT, and semiclassical MNDO-MD simulations. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:777-787. [PMID: 36444915 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Electronic excited states in the series of polyene molecules were explored. Optimal ground-state geometry was used for the evaluation of vertical excitation energies. Results of a chosen set of functionals were compared to post-HF methods (EOM-CCSD, NEVPT2, CASPT2, and MRCI). In addition, the semiempirical OM2/MNDO method using MRCISD computational level was confronted with the above-mentioned techniques. Despite the fact that the first excited state has a significant double-excitation character some functionals were able to qualitatively determine the correct state order (where the lowest excited state has a A g - character). The most successful functionals in transition energies predictions were PBE, TPSS and BLYP in Tamm-Dancoff approach (TDA), which had the smallest root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) scoring towards the experimental values. Regarding RMSD scoring, the OM2/MNDO method performed fairly well, too. Besides absorption spectra, lifetimes of the first two excited states were estimated based on a stochastic approach exploring a swarm of OM2/MNDO hopping dynamics using the Tully fewest switch algorithm for each molecule. The longest lifetime of the first excited state (S1 ) was found for decapentaene (about 5 ps). Further elongation of the conjugated chain caused a mild decrease of this value to ca 1.5 ps for docosaundecaene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Fatková
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Cajzl
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav V Burda
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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34
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Dombrowski DR, Schulz T, Kleinschmidt M, Marian CM. R2022: A DFT/MRCI Ansatz with Improved Performance for Double Excitations. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2011-2025. [PMID: 36799533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
A reformulation of the combined density functional theory and multireference configuration interaction method (DFT/MRCI) is presented. Expressions for ab initio matrix elements are used to derive correction terms for a new effective Hamiltonian. On the example of diatomic carbon, the correction terms are derived, focusing on the doubly excited 1Δg state, which was problematic in previous formulations of the method, as were double excitations in general. The derivation shows that a splitting of the parameters for intra- and interorbital interactions is necessary for a concise description of the underlying physics. Results for 1La and 1Lb states in polyacenes and 1Au and 1Ag states in mini-β-carotenoids suggest that the presented formulation is superior to former effective Hamiltonians. Furthermore, statistical analysis reveals that all the benefits of the previous DFT/MRCI Hamiltonians are retained. Consequently, the here presented formulation should be considered as the new standard for DFT/MRCI calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis R Dombrowski
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Timo Schulz
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Kleinschmidt
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christel M Marian
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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35
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Özcan E, Kuznetsova V, Keşan G, Fuciman M, Litvín R, Polívka T. Ultrafast Excited States Dynamics of Metal Ion Complexes of the Carotenoid Astaxanthin. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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36
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Nagao R, Kato K, Hamaguchi T, Ueno Y, Tsuboshita N, Shimizu S, Furutani M, Ehira S, Nakajima Y, Kawakami K, Suzuki T, Dohmae N, Akimoto S, Yonekura K, Shen JR. Structure of a monomeric photosystem I core associated with iron-stress-induced-A proteins from Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. Nat Commun 2023; 14:920. [PMID: 36805598 PMCID: PMC9938196 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron-stress-induced-A proteins (IsiAs) are expressed in cyanobacteria under iron-deficient conditions. The cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 has four isiA genes; however, their binding property and functional roles in PSI are still missing. We analyzed a cryo-electron microscopy structure of a PSI-IsiA supercomplex isolated from Anabaena grown under an iron-deficient condition. The PSI-IsiA structure contains six IsiA subunits associated with the PsaA side of a PSI core monomer. Three of the six IsiA subunits were identified as IsiA1 and IsiA2. The PSI-IsiA structure lacks a PsaL subunit; instead, a C-terminal domain of IsiA2 occupies the position of PsaL, which inhibits the oligomerization of PSI, leading to the formation of a PSI monomer. Furthermore, excitation-energy transfer from IsiAs to PSI appeared with a time constant of 55 ps. These findings provide insights into both the molecular assembly of the Anabaena IsiA family and the functional roles of IsiAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nagao
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan. .,Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Koji Kato
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.,Structural Biology Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Tasuku Hamaguchi
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.,Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Ueno
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.,Institute of Arts and Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Naoki Tsuboshita
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shota Shimizu
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Miyu Furutani
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shigeki Ehira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakajima
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawakami
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Seiji Akimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Koji Yonekura
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan. .,Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan. .,Advanced Electron Microscope Development Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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37
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Niedzwiedzki DM. Transient " cis-Peak" Is Present in Excited-State Absorption of Central- cis Isomers of Carotenoids. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1650-1655. [PMID: 36753559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Application of femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy on all-trans and central-cis isomers of two exemplary carotenoids, lutein and spirilloxanthin, performed at room and cryogenic temperatures in the spectral range expanded toward UV revealed new spectroscopic transient features for the cis isomers. Notably, particularly for the central-cis spirilloxanthin, a very distinct additional transient absorption band is observed on the short wavelength side of the main excited-state absorption band of the S1 state, having the same temporal characteristics as the latter one. This band is absent in transient absorption spectra of all-trans isomers, suggesting it could be assigned to "transient cis-peak." Overall, the results show that the "transient" counterpart of the spectral marker of cis-isomers of carotenoids, or the so-called cis-peak, is detectable in the excited-state absorption spectrum and could be attributed to electronic transition from the S1 state. This new transient spectral band could be very useful for spectroscopic experiments targeting the dynamics of carotenoid isomers and their severely distorted forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage and Department of Energy Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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38
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Lu L, Song Y, Liu W, Jiang L. Excitation-Dependence of Excited-State Dynamics and Vibrational Relaxation of Lutein Explored by Multiplex Transient Grating. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:48250-48260. [PMID: 36591184 PMCID: PMC9798734 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiplex transient grating (MTG) spectroscopy was applied to lutein in ethanol to investigate the excitation-energy dependence of the excited-state dynamics and vibrational relaxation. The transient spectra obtained upon low (480 nm) and high-energy (380 nm) excitation both recorded a strong excited-state absorption (ESA) of S1 → S n as well as a broad band in the blue wavelength that was previously proposed as the S* state. By means of Gaussian decomposition and global fitting of the ESA band, a long-time component assigned to the triplet state was derived from the kinetic trace of 480 nm excitation. Moreover, the MTG signal with a resolution of 110 fs displayed the short-time quantum beat signal. In order to unveil the vibrational coherence in the excited-state decay, the linear and non-linear simulations of the steady spectrum and dynamic signals were presented in which at least three fundamental modes standing for C-C stretching (ν1), C=C stretching (ν2), and O-H valence vibrations (ν3) were considered to analyze the experimental signals. It was identified that the vibrational coherence between ν1 and ν3 or ν2 and ν3 was responsible for quantum beat that may be associated with the triplet state. We concluded that upon low- or high-energy excitation into the S2 state, the photo-isomerization of the molecule and structural recovery on the time-scale of vibrational cooling are the key factors to form a mixed conformation in the hot-S1 state that is the precursor of a long life-time triplet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Lu
- College
of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Yunfei Song
- National
Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan621900, China
| | - Weilong Liu
- Department
of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang150080, China
| | - Lilin Jiang
- Office
of Academic Research, Hezhou University, Hezhou, Guangxi542899, China
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39
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Elvers I, Nguyen-Phan TC, Gardiner AT, Hunter CN, Cogdell RJ, Köhler J. Phasor Analysis Reveals Multicomponent Fluorescence Kinetics in the LH2 Complex from Marichromatium purpuratum. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:10335-10346. [PMID: 36449272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c04983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the fluorescence kinetics of LH2 complexes from Marichromatium purpuratum, the cryo-EM structure of which has been recently elucidated with 2.4 Å resolution. The experiments have been carried out as a function of the excitation density by varying both the excitation fluence and the repetition rate of the laser excitation. Instead of the usual multiexponential fitting procedure, we applied the less common phasor formalism for evaluating the transients because this allows for a model-free analysis of the data without a priori knowledge about the number of processes that contribute to a particular decay. For the various excitation conditions, this analysis reproduces consistently three lifetime components with decay times below 100 ps, 500 ps, and 730 ps, which were associated with the quenched state, singlet-triplet annihilation, and fluorescence decay, respectively. Moreover, it reveals that the number of decay components that contribute to the transients depends on whether the excitation wavelength is in resonance with the B800 BChl a molecules or with the carotenoids. Based on the mutual arrangement of the chromophores in their binding pockets, this leads us to conclude that the energy transfer pathways within the LH2 complex of this species differ significantly from each other for exciting either the B800 BChl molecules or the carotenoids. Finally, we speculate whether the illumination with strong laser light converts the LH2 complexes studied here into a quenched conformation that might be related to the development of the non-photochemical quenching mechanism that occurs in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Elvers
- Spectroscopy of Soft Matter, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Tu C Nguyen-Phan
- School of Infection and Immunity, Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8TA, U.K
| | - Alastair T Gardiner
- Laboratory of Anoxygenic Phototrophs, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - C Neil Hunter
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K
| | - Richard J Cogdell
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Jürgen Köhler
- Spectroscopy of Soft Matter, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.,Bayreuth Institute for Macromolecular Research (BIMF), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.,Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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40
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Li DH, Wang W, Zhou C, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Zhou YM, Gao RY, Yao HD, Fu LM, Wang P, Shen JR, Kuang T, Zhang JP. Photoinduced chlorophyll charge transfer state identified in the light-harvesting complex II from a marine green alga Bryopsis corticulans. iScience 2022; 26:105761. [PMID: 36594012 PMCID: PMC9804108 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The light-harvesting complex II of Bryopsis corticulans (B-LHCII), a green alga, differs from that of spinach (S-LHCII) in chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid (Car) compositions. We investigated ultrafast excitation dynamics of B-LHCII with visible-to-near infrared time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. Absolute fluorescence quantum yield (Φ FL) of LHCII and spectroelectrochemical (SEC) spectra of Chl a and b were measured to assist the spectral analysis. Red-light excitation at Chl Qy-band, but not Car-band, induced transient features resembling the characteristic SEC spectra of Chl a ⋅+ and Chl b ⋅-, indicating ultrafast photogeneration of Chl-Chl charge transfer (CT) species; Φ FL and 3Car∗ declined whereas CT species increased upon prolonging excitation wavelength, showing positive correlation of 1Chl∗ deactivation with Chl-Chl CT formation. Moreover, ultrafast Chl b-to-Chl a and Car-to-Chl singlet excitation transfer were illustrated. The red-light induction of Chl-Chl CT species, as also observed for S-LHCII, is considered a general occurrence for LHCIIs in light-harvesting form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China,School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Wenda Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Cuicui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Songhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yi-Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Rong-Yao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Hai-Dan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Li-Min Fu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China,Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China,Corresponding author
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China,Corresponding author
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41
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Yakovlev AG, Taisova AS, Fetisova ZG. Dynamic Stark effect in β and γ carotenes induced by photoexcitation of bacteriochlorophyll c in chlorosomes from Chloroflexus aurantiacus. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 154:291-302. [PMID: 36115930 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00942-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlorosomes of green bacteria can be considered as a prototype of future artificial light-harvesting devices due to their unique property of self-assembly of a large number of bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c/d/e molecules into compact aggregates. The presence of carotenoids (Cars) in chlorosomes is very important for photoprotection, light harvesting and structure stabilization. In this work, we studied for the first time the electrochromic band shift (Stark effect) in Cars of the phototrophic filamentous green bacterium Chloroflexus (Cfx.) aurantiacus induced by fs light excitation of the main pigment, BChl c. The high accuracy of the spectral measurements permitted us to extract a small wavy spectral feature, which, obviously, can be associated with the dynamic shift of the Car absorption band. A global analysis of spectroscopy data and theoretical modeling of absorption spectra showed that near 60% of Cars exhibited a red Stark shift of ~ 25 cm-1 and the remaining 40% exhibited a blue shift. We interpreted this finding as evidence of various orientations of Car in chlorosomes. We estimated the average value of the light-induced electric field strength in the place of Car molecules as ~ 106 V/cm and the average distance between Car and the neighboring BChl c as ~ 10 Å. We concluded that the dynamics of the Car electrochromic band shift mainly reflected the dynamics of exciton migration through the chlorosome toward the baseplate within ~ 1 ps. Our work has unambiguously shown that Cars are sensitive indicators of light-induced internal electric fields in chlorosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei G Yakovlev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexandra S Taisova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Zoya G Fetisova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
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42
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Yao HD, Li DH, Gao RY, Zhou C, Wang W, Wang P, Shen JR, Kuang T, Zhang JP. A Possible Mechanism for Aggregation-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quenching in Light-Harvesting Complex II from the Marine Green Alga Bryopsis corticulans. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:9580-9590. [PMID: 36356234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c05823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The light-harvesting complex II of a green alga Bryopsis corticulans (B-LHCII) is peculiar in that it contains siphonein and siphonaxathin as carotenoid (Car). Since the S1 state of siphonein and siphonaxathin lies substantially higher than the Qy state of chlorophyll a (Chl a), the Chl a(Qy)-to-Car(S1) excitation energy transfer is unfeasible. To understand the photoprotective mechanism of algal photosynthesis, we investigated the influence of temperature on the excitation dynamics of B-LHCII in trimeric and aggregated forms. At room temperature, the aggregated form showed a 10-fold decrease in fluorescence intensity and lifetime than the trimeric form. Upon lowering the temperature, the characteristic 680 nm fluorescence (F-680) of B-LHCII in both forms exhibited systematic intensity enhancement and spectral narrowing; however, only the aggregated form showed a red emission extending over 690-780 nm (F-RE) with pronounced blueshift, lifetime prolongation, and intensity boost. The remarkable T-dependence of F-RE is ascribed to the Chl-Chl charge transfer (CT) species involved directly in the aggregation-induced Chl deactivation. The CT-quenching mechanism, which is considered to be crucial for B. corticulans photoprotection, draws strong support from the positive correlation of the Chl deactivation rate with the CT state population, as revealed by comparing the fluorescence dynamics of B-LHCII with that of the plant LHCII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Dan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
| | - Dan-Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Yao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
| | - Cuicui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China.,Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
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Seki S, Nakaniwa T, Castro-Hartmann P, Sader K, Kawamoto A, Tanaka H, Qian P, Kurisu G, Fujii R. Structural insights into blue-green light utilization by marine green algal light harvesting complex II at 2.78 Å. BBA ADVANCES 2022; 2:100064. [PMID: 37082593 PMCID: PMC10074980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2022.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) present in plants and green algae absorbs solar energy to promote photochemical reactions. A marine green macroalga, Codium fragile, exhibits the unique characteristic of absorbing blue-green light from the sun during photochemical reactions while being underwater owing to the presence of pigment-altered LHCII called siphonaxanthin-chlorophyll a/b-binding protein (SCP). In this study, we determined the structure of SCP at a resolution of 2.78 Å using cryogenic electron microscopy. SCP has a trimeric structure, wherein each monomer containing two lutein and two chlorophyll a molecules in the plant-type LHCII are replaced by siphonaxanthin and its ester and two chlorophyll b molecules, respectively. Siphonaxanthin occupies the binding site in SCP having a polarity in the trimeric inner core, and exhibits a distorted conjugated chain comprising a carbonyl group hydrogen bonded to a cysteine residue of apoprotein. These features suggest that the siphonaxanthin molecule is responsible for the characteristic green absorption of SCP. The replaced chlorophyll b molecules extend the region of the stromal side chlorophyll b cluster, spanning two adjacent monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Seki
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558–8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuko Nakaniwa
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Pablo Castro-Hartmann
- Materials and Structural Analysis, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Kasim Sader
- Materials and Structural Analysis, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Akihiro Kawamoto
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–9871, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tanaka
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–9871, Japan
| | - Pu Qian
- Materials and Structural Analysis, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Genji Kurisu
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–9871, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Fujii
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558–8585, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558–8585, Japan
- Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (ReCAP), Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558–8585, Japan
- Corresponding author.
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44
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Magdaong NCM, Su X, Liu H. Biochemical and spectroscopic characterizations of the oligomeric antenna of the coral symbiotic Symbiodiniaceae Fugacium kawagutii. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 154:113-124. [PMID: 36070061 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Light-harvesting antennas in photosynthesis capture light energy and transfer it to the reaction centers (RCs) where photochemistry takes place. The sustainable growth of the reef-building corals relies on a constant supply of the photosynthates produced by the endosymbiotic dinoflagellate, belonging to the family of Symbiodiniaceae. The antenna system in this group consists of the water-soluble peridinin-chlorophyll a-protein (PCP) and the intrinsic membrane chlorophyll a-chlorophyll c2-peridinin protein complex (acpPC). In this report, a nonameric acpPC is reported in a dinoflagellate, Fugasium kawagutii (formerly Symbiodinium kawagutii sp. CS-156). We found that extensive biochemical purification altered the oligomerization states of the initially isolated nonameric acpPC. The excitation energy transfer pathways in the acpPC nonamer and its variants were studied using time-resolved fluorescence and time-resolved absorption spectroscopic techniques at 77 K. Compared to the well-characterized trimeric acpPC, the nonameric acpPC contains an 11 nm red-shifted terminal energy emitter and substantially altered excited state lifetimes of Chl a. The observed energetic overlap of the fluorescence terminal energy emitters with the absorption of RCs is hypothesized to enable efficient downhill excitation energy transfer. Additionally, the shortened Chl a fluorescence decay lifetime in the oligomeric acpPC indicate a protective self-relaxation strategy. We propose that the highly-oligomerized acpPC nonamer represents an intact functional unit in the Symbiodiniaceae thylakoid membrane. They perform efficient excitation energy transfer (to RCs), and are under manageable regulations in favor of photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
- Department of Energy Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | | | - Xinyang Su
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Haijun Liu
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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45
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Chukhutsina VU, Baxter JM, Fadini A, Morgan RM, Pope MA, Maghlaoui K, Orr CM, Wagner A, van Thor JJ. Light activation of Orange Carotenoid Protein reveals bicycle-pedal single-bond isomerization. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6420. [PMID: 36307413 PMCID: PMC9616832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Orange Carotenoid protein (OCP) is the only known photoreceptor which uses carotenoid for its activation. It is found exclusively in cyanobacteria, where it functions to control light-harvesting of the photosynthetic machinery. However, the photochemical reactions and structural dynamics of this unique photosensing process are not yet resolved. We present time-resolved crystal structures at second-to-minute delays under bright illumination, capturing the early photoproduct and structures of the subsequent reaction intermediates. The first stable photoproduct shows concerted isomerization of C9'-C8' and C7'-C6' single bonds in the bicycle-pedal (s-BP) manner and structural changes in the N-terminal domain with minute timescale kinetics. These are followed by a thermally-driven recovery of the s-BP isomer to the dark state carotenoid configuration. Structural changes propagate to the C-terminal domain, resulting, at later time, in the H-bond rupture of the carotenoid keto group with protein residues. Solution FTIR and UV/Vis spectroscopy support the single bond isomerization of the carotenoid in the s-BP manner and subsequent thermal structural reactions as the basis of OCP photoreception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volha U. Chukhutsina
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - James M. Baxter
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Alisia Fadini
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Rhodri M. Morgan
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Matthew A. Pope
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Karim Maghlaoui
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Christian M. Orr
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE UK
| | - Armin Wagner
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE UK
| | - Jasper J. van Thor
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
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46
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Intramolecular charge-transfer enhances energy transfer efficiency in carotenoid-reconstituted light-harvesting 1 complex of purple photosynthetic bacteria. Commun Chem 2022; 5:135. [PMID: 36697849 PMCID: PMC9814923 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00749-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In bacterial photosynthesis, the excitation energy transfer (EET) from carotenoids to bacteriochlorophyll a has a significant impact on the overall efficiency of the primary photosynthetic process. This efficiency can be enhanced when the involved carotenoid has intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) character, as found in light-harvesting systems of marine alga and diatoms. Here, we provide insights into the significance of ICT excited states following the incorporation of a higher plant carotenoid, β-apo-8'-carotenal, into the carotenoidless light-harvesting 1 (LH1) complex of the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum strain G9+. β-apo-8'-carotenal generates the ICT excited state in the reconstituted LH1 complex, achieving an efficiency of EET of up to 79%, which exceeds that found in the wild-type LH1 complex.
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47
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Nikoobakht B, Hakim R, Menger MF, Köppel H. On the UV spectroscopy and photodynamics of octatetraene. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2132186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Nikoobakht
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Raymond Hakim
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian F.S.J. Menger
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Horst Köppel
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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48
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Hanscam R, Neuscamman E. Applying Generalized Variational Principles to Excited-State-Specific Complete Active Space Self-consistent Field Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:6608-6621. [PMID: 36215108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We employ a generalized variational principle to improve the stability, reliability, and precision of fully excited-state-specific complete active space self-consistent field theory. Compared to previous approaches that similarly seek to tailor this ansatz's orbitals and configuration interaction expansion for an individual excited state, we find the present approach to be more resistant to root flipping and better at achieving tight convergence to an energy stationary point. Unlike state-averaging, this approach allows orbital shapes to be optimal for individual excited states, which is especially important for charge-transfer states and some doubly excited states. We demonstrate the convergence and state-targeting abilities of this method in LiH, ozone, and MgO, showing in the latter that it is capable of finding three excited-state energy stationary points that no previous method has been able to locate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hanscam
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Eric Neuscamman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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49
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Šímová I, Kuznetsova V, Gardiner AT, Šebelík V, Koblížek M, Fuciman M, Polívka T. Carotenoid responds to excess energy dissipation in the LH2 complex from Rhodoblastus acidophilus. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 154:75-87. [PMID: 36066816 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00952-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The functions of both (bacterio) chlorophylls and carotenoids in light-harvesting complexes have been extensively studied during the past decade, yet, the involvement of BChl a high-energy Soret band in the cascade of light-harvesting processes still remains a relatively unexplored topic. Here, we present transient absorption data recorded after excitation of the Soret band in the LH2 complex from Rhodoblastus acidophilus. Comparison of obtained data to those recorded after excitation of rhodopin glucoside and B800 BChl a suggests that no Soret-to-Car energy transfer pathway is active in LH2 complex. Furthermore, a spectrally rich pattern observed in the spectral region of rhodopin glucoside ground state bleaching (420-550 nm) has been assigned to an electrochromic shift. The results of global fitting analysis demonstrate two more features. A 6 ps component obtained exclusively after excitation of the Soret band has been assigned to the response of rhodopin glucoside to excess energy dissipation in LH2. Another time component, ~ 450 ps, appearing independently of the excitation wavelength was assigned to BChl a-to-Car triplet-triplet transfer. Presented data demonstrate several new features of LH2 complex and its behavior following the excitation of the Soret band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šímová
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Valentyna Kuznetsova
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Alastair T Gardiner
- Laboratory of Anoxygenic Phototrophs, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Šebelík
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Dynamical Spectroscopy, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching b. Munich, Germany
| | - Michal Koblížek
- Laboratory of Anoxygenic Phototrophs, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Fuciman
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
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50
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Yoneda Y, Noji T, Mizutani N, Kato D, Kondo M, Miyasaka H, Nagasawa Y, Dewa T. Energy transfer dynamics and the mechanism of biohybrid photosynthetic antenna complexes chemically linked with artificial chromophores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:24714-24726. [PMID: 36128743 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02465a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A light-harvesting strategy is crucial for the utilisation of solar energy. In this study, we addressed the expanding light-harvesting (LH) wavelength of photosynthetic LH complex 2 (LH2, from Rhodoblastus acidophilus strain 10050) through covalent conjugation with extrinsic chromophores. To further understand the conjugation architecture and mechanism of excitation energy transfer (EET), we examined the effects of the linker length and spectral overlap integral between the emission and absorption spectra of the energy donor and acceptor pigments. In the former case, contrary to the intuition based on the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) theory, the observed energy transfer rate was similar regardless of the linker length, and the energy transfer efficiency increased with longer linkers. In the latter case, despite the energy transfer rate increases at higher spectral overlaps, it was quantitatively inconsistent with the FRET theory. The mechanism of EET beyond the FRET theory was discussed in terms of the higher-lying exciton state of B850, which mediates efficient EET despite the small spectral overlap. This systematic investigation provides insights for the development of efficient artificial photosynthetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yoneda
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.,Research Center of Integrative Molecular Systems, Institute for Molecular Science, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Tomoyasu Noji
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan.
| | - Naoto Mizutani
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan.
| | - Daiji Kato
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan.
| | - Masaharu Kondo
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Miyasaka
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nagasawa
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Takehisa Dewa
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan.
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