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Tao R, Hu R, Gwenzi W, Ruppert H, Noubactep C, Alahmadi TA. Effects of common dissolved anions on the efficiency of Fe 0-based remediation systems. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120566. [PMID: 38520854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Quiescent batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the influences of Cl-, F-, HCO3-, HPO42-, and SO42- on the reactivity of metallic iron (Fe0) for water remediation using the methylene blue (MB) method. Strong discoloration of MB indicates high availability of solid iron corrosion products (FeCPs). Tap water was used as an operational reference. Experiments were carried out in graduated test tubes (22 mL) for up to 45 d, using 0.1 g of Fe0 and 0.5 g of sand. Operational parameters investigated were (i) equilibration time (0-45 d), (ii) 4 different types of Fe0, (iii) anion concentration (10 values), and (iv) use of MB and Orange II (O-II). The degree of dye discoloration, the pH, and the iron concentration were monitored in each system. Relative to the reference system, HCO3- enhanced the extent of MB discoloration, while Cl-, F-, HPO42-, and SO42- inhibited it. A different behavior was observed for O-II discoloration: in particular, HCO3- inhibited O-II discoloration. The increased MB discoloration in the HCO3- system was justified by considering the availability of FeCPs as contaminant scavengers, pH increase, and contact time. The addition of any other anion initially delays the availability of FeCPs. Conflicting results in the literature can be attributed to the use of inappropriate experimental conditions. The results indicate that the application of Fe0-based systems for water remediation is a highly site-specific issue which has to include the anion chemistry of the water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Tao
- Applied Geology, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 3, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Rui Hu
- School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing, 211100, China.
| | - Willis Gwenzi
- Grassland Science and Renewable Plant Resources, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Science, University of Kassel, Steinstrasse 19, D-37213, Witzenhausen, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Alle 100, D-14469, Potsdam, Germany; Currently, Biosystems and Environmental Engineering Research Group, 380 New Adylin, Westgate, Harare, Zimbabwe.
| | - Hans Ruppert
- Department of Sedimentology & Environmental Geology, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 3, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Chicgoua Noubactep
- Applied Geology, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 3, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Water and Environmental Science and Engineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, P.O. Box 447, Tanzania; Faculty of Science and Technology, Campus of Banekane, Université des Montagnes, Bangangté, P.O. Box 208, Cameroon; Centre for Modern Indian Studies (CeMIS), University of Göttingen, Waldweg 26, D-37073, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Medical City, PO Box-2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Park J, Bandstra JZ, Tratnyek PG, Harvey OR, Bae JS, Lee G. Modeling the Role in pH on Contaminant Sequestration by Zerovalent Metals: Chromate Reduction by Zerovalent Magnesium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2564-2573. [PMID: 38278139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The role of pH in sequestration of Cr(VI) by zerovalent magnesium (ZVMg) was characterized by global fitting of a kinetic model to time-series data from unbuffered batch experiments with varying initial pH values. At initial pH values ranging from 2.0 to 6.8, ZVMg (0.5 g/L) completely reduced Cr(VI) (18.1 μM) within 24 h, during which time pH rapidly increased to a plateau value of ∼10. Time-series correlation analysis of the pH and aqueous Cr(VI), Cr(III), and Mg(II) concentration data suggested that these conditions are controlled by combinations of reactions (involving Mg0 oxidative dissolution and Cr(VI) sequestration) that evolve over the time course of each experiment. Since this is also likely to occur during any engineering applications of ZVMg for remediation, we developed a kinetic model for dynamic pH changes coupled with ZVMg corrosion processes. Using this model, the synchronous changes in Cr(VI) and Mg(II) concentrations were fully predicted based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics and transition-state theory, respectively. The reactivity of ZVMg was different in two pH regimes that were pH-dependent at pH < 4 and pH-independent at the higher pH. This contrasting pH effect could be ascribed to the shift of the primary oxidant of ZVMg from H+ to H2O at the lower and higher pH regimes, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeseon Park
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joel Z Bandstra
- Department of Mathematics, Engineering, and Computer Science, Saint Francis University, P.O. Box 600, Loretto, Pennsylvania 15940, United States
| | - Paul G Tratnyek
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Omar R Harvey
- Department of Geological Sciences, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Jong-Seong Bae
- Division of High-Technology Materials Research, Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 30 Gwahaksandan 1-ro 60, Gangseo-gu, Busan 618-230, Republic of Korea
| | - Giehyeon Lee
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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3
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Su J, Jin X, Chen H, Xue F, Li J, Yang Q, Yang Z. Constructing Ni 4/Fe@Fe 3O 4-g-C 3N 4 nanocomposites for highly efficient degradation of carbon tetrachloride from aqueous solution. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136169. [PMID: 36037964 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic hydrodechlorination is one of the most potential remediation methods for chlorinated organic pollutants. In this study, Ni4/Fe@Fe3O4-g-C3N4 (NFFOCN) nanocomposites were synthesized for carbon tetrachloride (CT) removal and characterized by SEM, XPS and FTIR. The characterization results demonstrated that the special functional groups of g-C3N4, especially NH groups, effectively alleviated the aggregation of nanoparticles. In addition, the C and N groups of g-C3N4 enhanced the catalytic dechlorination of CT by providing binding sites. The experimental results showed that NFFOCN could effectively remove CT over a wide initial pH range of 3-9, and the CT removal efficiency reached 94.7% after 35 min with only 0.15 g/L of NFFOCN at pH 5.5. The Cl-, SO42-, and HCO3- promoted the removal of CT, while HA and NO3- had the opposite effect. Furthermore, good sequential CT removal by NFFOCN nanocomposites was observed, and the CT removal efficiency reached 77.3% after four cycles. Based on the identification of products, a possible degradation pathway of CT was proposed. Moreover, the main mechanisms regarding CT removal included the direct reduction of nZVI (about 40.51%), adsorption (around 34.79%), and hydrodechlorination of CT by Ni0 using H2 (about 19.40%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, West Anhui University, Liu An, 237012, PR China.
| | - Hai Chen
- CGN Dasheng Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, 215214, PR China.
| | - Fenglan Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Drainage Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, PR China.
| | - Jingran Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Qi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Zhilin Yang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, 126 Hobgood, 2117 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843-2117, USA.
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4
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Sun Z, Geng D, Wu X, Zhu L, Wen J, Wang L, Zhao X. Degradation of 3-chlorocarbazole in water by sulfidated zero-valent iron/peroxymonosulfate system: Kinetics, influential factors, degradation products and pathways. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:134016. [PMID: 35182529 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging class of organic contaminants, polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) have been increasingly detected all over the world since 1980s. Due to the environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and dioxin-like toxicity, PHCZs have aroused widespread concerns in recent years. However, efficient approach for the degradation of PHCZs is quite limited so far. Therefore, in this study, an advanced oxidation process (AOP), sulfidated zero-valent iron/peroxymonosulfate (S-ZVI/PMS) system was used to degrade 3-chlorocarbazole (3-CCZ), which is one of the mostly detected PHCZs congeners. The degradation of 3-CCZ was systematically studied under different conditions by varying the molar ratio of S/Fe, the dosage of S-ZVI or PMS, pH and temperature. The results indicated that S-ZVI/PMS was an effective strategy for PHCZs treatment. The 20-min degradation efficiency of 3-CZZ was up to 96.6% with the pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.168 min-1 under the conditions of 5 mg/L 3-CZZ, 0.3 g/L S-ZVI (S/Fe = 0.2), 1.0 mM PMS, pH 5.8 and 25 °C. HCO3-, Cl- and humic acid (HA) showed inhibitory effects to different degrees. Results of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and scavenging experiments clarified the dominant role of •OH, followed by 1O2 and SO4•─. The product analysis and DFT calculation revealed three degradation pathways of 3-CCZ, namely hydroxylation, dechlorination and C-N bond cleavage, which largely alleviated the toxicity of the parent compound. This study showed the effectiveness of S-ZVI/PMS system in PHCZs treatment and provided a comprehensive investigation on the degradation behaviors of PHCZs in AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyu Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dan Geng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiuling Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Luxiang Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jin Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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5
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Roccamante M, Ruiz-Delgado A, Cabrera-Reina A, Oller I, Malato S, Miralles-Cuevas S. Removal of microcontaminants by zero-valent iron solar processes at natural pH: Water matrix and oxidant agents effect. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 819:153152. [PMID: 35041954 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work deals with microcontaminants (MCs) removal by natural solar zero-valent iron (ZVI) process at natural pH in actual matrices. Commercial ZVI microspheres were selected as ZVI source and hydrogen peroxide and persulfate were used as oxidant agents. The experimental plan comprised the evaluation of sulphates and carbonates/bicarbonates effect on process performance, the possibility of adding an iron chelate (EDDS) to take advantage of leached iron and the treatment of MCs in actual MWWTP secondary effluent. The presence of sulphates and EDDS addition did not lead to significant changes in the process efficiency, while the carbonates naturally present in natural water (458 mg/L) diminished the treatment time need to reach the decontamination goal. Finally, the treatment of a MCs mixture consisting of Atrazine, Carbendazim, Imidacloprid, and Thiamethoxam in the range of μg/L in actual MWWTP secondary effluent by solar/msZVI/H2O2 and solar/msZVI/S2O82- obtained 7 and 22% of total removal after 180 min, respectively, which indicated a moderate competitiveness of these processes with respect to other advanced oxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Roccamante
- Plataforma Solar de Almería-CIEMAT, Ctra Senés km 4, 04200 Tabernas, Almería, Spain; CIESOL, Joint Centre of the University of Almería-CIEMAT, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Ruiz-Delgado
- Plataforma Solar de Almería-CIEMAT, Ctra Senés km 4, 04200 Tabernas, Almería, Spain; CIESOL, Joint Centre of the University of Almería-CIEMAT, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Cabrera-Reina
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la I+D+i, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Av. Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile
| | - I Oller
- Plataforma Solar de Almería-CIEMAT, Ctra Senés km 4, 04200 Tabernas, Almería, Spain; CIESOL, Joint Centre of the University of Almería-CIEMAT, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - S Malato
- Plataforma Solar de Almería-CIEMAT, Ctra Senés km 4, 04200 Tabernas, Almería, Spain; CIESOL, Joint Centre of the University of Almería-CIEMAT, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - S Miralles-Cuevas
- Plataforma Solar de Almería-CIEMAT, Ctra Senés km 4, 04200 Tabernas, Almería, Spain.
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6
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Zeng S, Zhong D, Xu Y, Zhong N. A novel sulfide-modified nanoscale zero valent iron supported on porous anion exchange resin composite for Cr(VI) effective removal from waste. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Pranić M, Kimani EM, Biesheuvel PM, Porada S. Desalination of Complex Multi-Ionic Solutions by Reverse Osmosis at Different pH Values, Temperatures, and Compositions. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:19946-19955. [PMID: 34368581 PMCID: PMC8340418 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For a thorough mechanistic understanding of reverse osmosis (RO), data on ion retention obtained by desalination of multi-ionic solutions are needed. In this paper, we show how to obtain such data under controlled laboratory conditions at any nonextreme pH. For that, we propose a simple method where we use N2 and CO2 gas control to set the composition of a gas phase in equilibrium with the feedwater solution. By increasing the CO2 partial pressure, the pH of the solution will decrease and vice versa. We applied this method of CO2 gas control to extend and validate an existing data set on ion retention of multi-ionic brackish water with 10 different ionic species, whereas conditions in the prior data set were slightly uncontrolled; in our new analysis, we performed experiments at precisely controlled pH and temperature. We run experiments at pH 6.73 and pH 7.11 and in a temperature range of T = 15-31 °C. Our results show that when pH is decreased, or temperature increased, the ion retention of most ions decreases. We also tested the influence of the Na+ to Ca2+ concentration ratio in this multi-ionic solution on ion retention at pH 6.73 and T ∼ 31 °C. We noticed that this ratio has a larger effect on ion retention for cations than for anions. We compare our data with the earlier reported data and describe similarities and differences. The improved data set will be an important tool for future development of accurate and validated RO ion transport models. Such RO models that describe desalination performance in detail are important for successful commercial application of the RO technology. We also discuss a relevant preparation method for water slightly oversaturated with barely soluble CaCO3 by solution preparation at high CO2 pressure, after which the solution is brought to the required pH by the N2 and CO2 gas control method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Pranić
- European
Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Wetsus, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Faculty
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Edward M. Kimani
- European
Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Wetsus, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Membrane
Science and Technology Cluster, University
of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - P. M. Biesheuvel
- European
Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Wetsus, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Slawomir Porada
- European
Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Wetsus, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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8
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Yang X, Zhang C, Liu F, Tang J. Groundwater geochemical constituents controlling the reductive dechlorination of TCE by nZVI: Evidence from diverse anaerobic corrosion mechanisms of nZVI. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127707. [PMID: 32755691 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The corrosion mechanisms of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) vary with different geochemical constituents, which affect the reductive dechlorination process of trichloroethylene (TCE). In this study, the effect of nZVI anaerobic corrosion on the reductive dechlorination of TCE with different groundwater geochemical constituents (Ca2+-SO42-, Ca2+-HCO3-, Na+-NO3-) was investigated. Microscopic characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and dissolved Fe2+ in solutions to illustrate the corrosion mechanism of nZVI. In the four systems including ultrapure water (UPW), the reduction of TCE conformed to pseudo-first-order kinetics, the generation of Cl- accorded with zero-order kinetics, and multi-step reaction kinetics was used to fit the generation and degradation of chlorinated byproducts (Dichloroethylene, DCEs). Compared with UPW system, the dissolution corrosion of Ca2+-HCO3- and Ca2+-SO42- promoted the reductive dechlorination of TCE (kobs, TCE = 0.658 ± 0.010 & 0.245 ± 0.028 d-1 and kobs, Cl- = 41.682 ± 1.016 & 20.623 ± 1.923 μM⋅d-1 for Ca2+-HCO3- & Ca2+-SO42-, respectively) and the degradation of DCEs (0.444 ± 0.036 & 0.244 ± 0.040 μM⋅d-1 for Ca2+-HCO3- & Ca2+-SO42-, respectively); redox-active NO3- competed for electrons and passivated the surface of nZVI, which limited the reductive dechlorination of TCE (kobs, TCE = 0.111 ± 0.025 d-1 & kobs, Cl- = 14.943 ± 0.664 μM⋅d-1) and the degradation of DCEs (0.078 ± 0.018 μM⋅d-1), and the passivation layer promoted the adsorption of TCE. This study from the perspective of nZVI corrosion provides a theoretical basis for the long-term application of nZVI technology in the remediation of TCE-contaminated sites with different groundwater geochemical types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Chong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Fei Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Jie Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
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9
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Gao W, Zhong D, Xu Y, Luo H, Zeng S. Nano zero-valent iron supported by macroporous styrene ion exchange resin for enhanced Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1848583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengjie Zhong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunlan Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Luo
- School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sijing Zeng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
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10
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Reductive immobilization of uranium by stabilized zero-valent iron nanoparticles: Effects of stabilizers, water chemistry and long-term stability. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Wu SC, Huang JW, Liang C. Reductive Degradation of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane with Alkaline Green Tea/Ferrous Ion in Aqueous Phase. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siang Chen Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Huang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chenju Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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12
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Gong L, Lv N, Qi J, Qiu X, Gu Y, He F. Effects of non-reducible dissolved solutes on reductive dechlorination of trichloroethylene by ball milled zero valent irons. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122620. [PMID: 32315940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-reducible solution anions have been well recognized to affect reactivity of ZVI in dechlorinating chlorinated hydrocarbons. However, their effects and corresponding functional mechanisms on electron efficiency (εe) of ZVI remain unclear. In this study, mechanochemically modified microscale sulfidated and unsulfidated ZVI particles (i.e., S-mZVIbm and mZVIbm) and trichloroethylene (TCE) were used as model particles and contaminant to explore such effects. PO43- as a corrosion promoter enhanced initial dechlorination rate by both particles. However, its passivating role as a surface complex agent became significant at the later stage of dechlorination by mZVIbm, while sulfidation alleviated this effect without inhibition of dechlorination. Compared with enhancing dechlorination, PO43- promoted hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) to a higher extent, decreasing εe for both particles by 17-73 %. HCO3- negligibly affected dechlorination by both particles, while elevated HER. Thus, HCO3- [5 mM] decreased εe for S-mZVIbm and mZVIbm by 1.9 % and 22 %. Different from PO43- and HCO3-, Cl- and SO42- showed no significant effects on dechlorination, HER, and therefore εe for both particles. These results imply that even though some co-existing anions (i.e., PO43- and HCO3-) acting as corrosion promoters could improve the dechlorination by ZVIs, they would lead to decreased εe and shortened particle reactive lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gong
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Neng Lv
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Jianlong Qi
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Xiaojiang Qiu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yawei Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong Province, 250353, PR China
| | - Feng He
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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13
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Tso CP, Kuo DTF, Shih YH. Removal of hexabromocyclododecane by carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized Fe and Ni/Fe bimetallic nanoparticles: The particle stability and reactivity in water. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 250:126155. [PMID: 32105853 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation of nanoparticles (NPs) can hinder the degradative reactivity of particles towards organic pollutants as it reduces available surface area for reaction. This limitation may be circumvented by applying dispersant to improve colloidal stability of nanoparticle suspension. This study examined the removal of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), a recently listed persistent organic pollutant, by carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) stabilized nanoscale zerovalent iron (CMC-NZVI) and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles (CMC-Ni/Fe) under the influence of suspension chemistry. The mass-normalized removal rate constants of HBCD by CMC-Ni/Fe NPs increased with lower particle aggregation. However, the coating could introduce diffusion resistance as HBCD diffused through the CMC layer to the Fe surface. The activation energy was estimated to be 26.8 kJ mol-1, indicating the overall reaction process was neither surface-limited nor diffusion-controlled. The reactivity of CMC-Ni/Fe NPs toward HBCD was not affected by aqueous initial pH substantially. Common monoanions (Cl-, NO3-, and HCO3-) generally enhanced HBCD adsorption but diminished its debromination. The removal rate did not differ significantly among the studied monoanions over a concentration of 2.5-10 mM except HCO3-. Overall, CMC coating can stabilize Ni/Fe NPs, increase their adsorption of HBCD, provide buffer pH capacity, and overcome common inhibition effects of anions in water. These findings suggested the high potential of using CMC-Ni/Fe NPs for in-situ remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Tso
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Dave Ta Fu Kuo
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yang-Hsin Shih
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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Wang Q, Song X, Tang S, Yu L. Enhanced removal of tetrachloroethylene from aqueous solutions by biodegradation coupled with nZVI modified by layered double hydroxide. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125260. [PMID: 31734600 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated volatile organic compounds, such as tetrachloroethylene (PCE), are the most commonly detected toxic contaminants in groundwater. In this study, the performance of PCE removal by a microbial consortium combined with nZVI modified by layered double hydroxide (nZVI-LDH) was evaluated. The enriched PCE-degrading consortium consisted of 44.49% Clostridium and other potential PCE degraders, and 0.5-2.5 mg/L PCE was completely biodegraded within 4 days. The characterization of nZVI-LDH indicated that LDH was coated on the surfaces of nZVI particles with an increased surface area. The PCE removal kinetics by nZVI-LDH was well described by a second-order model, and the removal rate constant of nZVI-LDH was 0.12 L h/mg, higher than that of native nZVI (0.02 L h/mg). Interestingly, the presence of Cu2+ improved the removal efficiency of PCE by nZVI-LDH, owing to its role as a catalyst or medium for charge transfer during reduction. Removal of PCE was enhanced by coupling the PCE-degrading consortium and nZVI-LDH. The initial removal of PCE was mainly dominated by the abiotic degradation and adsorption of nZVI-LDH, and biodegradation then played a major role in the exhaustion of nZVI-LDH. These results suggest that biodegradation coupled with nZVI-LDH has a great potential for applications in the remediation of chlorinated-solvent contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 21008, China
| | - Xin Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 21008, China.
| | - Shiyue Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 21008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
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15
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Qin H, Yin D, Bandstra JZ, Sun Y, Cao G, Guan X. Ferrous ion mitigates the negative effects of humic acid on removal of 4-nitrophenol by zerovalent iron. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121218. [PMID: 31563765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Fe2+ addition was employed to overcome the negative effects of humic acid (HA) on contaminant removal by zerovalent iron (ZVI), and its feasibility to improve electron efficiency of ZVI was also tested. HA at high concentrations suppressed the removal of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) by ZVI, while the addition of 0.25-1.0 mM Fe2+ could greatly mitigate this inhibitory effect and enhance 4-NP reduction. Specifically, with a mixed-order model, global fitting results showed that the addition of Fe2+ increased the rate constant from 0.124 × 10-2-0.219 × 10-2 mM/min to 0.227 × 10-2-0.417 × 10-2 mM/min and shortened lag period from 19.7-47.9 min to 8.0-15.2 min for 4-NP removal. The mechanistic investigation revealed this trend could be explained by the following aspects: i) Fe2+ can facilitate the generation of Fe(II)-containing oxides, which can act as an electron mediator or direct electron donor for 4-NP reduction; ii) the presence of Fe2+ could lead to aggregation of HA particles and accordingly reduced its coverage on ZVI surface. But the results of respike experiments indicate that Fe2+ addition did not show remarkable effect on the electron efficiency of 4-NP by ZVI, which should be associated with that Fe2+ was not able to favor the enrichment of 4-NP on ZVI surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Daqiang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Joel Z Bandstra
- Department of Mathematics, Engineering, and Computer Science, Saint Francis University, Loretto, PA, 15940, USA
| | - Yuankui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Guomin Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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16
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Ji H, Zhu Y, Duan J, Liu W, Zhao D. Reductive immobilization and long-term remobilization of radioactive pertechnetate using bio-macromolecules stabilized zero valent iron nanoparticles. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Meng F, Ma Y, Wang Y. Degradation of carbon tetrachloride using ultrasound‐assisted nanoscaled zero‐valent iron particles@sulfur/nitrogen dual‐doped reduced graphene oxide composite: Kinetics, activation energy, effects of reaction conditions and degradation mechanism. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fansheng Meng
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China
| | - Yiyang Ma
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental EngineeringChina University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yeyao Wang
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center Beijing 100012 China
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Vogel M, Georgi A, Kopinke FD, Mackenzie K. Sulfidation of ZVI/AC composite leads to highly corrosion-resistant nanoremediation particles with extended life-time. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 665:235-245. [PMID: 30772554 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is a powerful reductant for many water pollutants. The lifetime of nZVI in aqueous environments is one of its limitations. Sulfidation of the nZVI surface by reduced sulfur species is known to significantly modify the particle properties. In the present study we examined various post-synthesis sulfidation methods applied on Carbo-Iron, a composite material where iron nanostructures are embedded in colloidal activated carbon (AC) particles. In such cases, where ZVI is surrounded by carbon, sulfidation largely inhibits the anaerobic corrosion of ZVI in water whereas its dechlorination activity was slightly increased. Even at a very low molar S/Fe ratio of 0.004 a strong decrease of the corrosion rate by a factor of 65 was achieved, while concurrently dechlorination of tetrachloroethene (PCE) was accelerated by a factor of three compared to the untreated particles. As a consequence, over 98% of the reduction equivalents of the sulfidated ZVI were utilized for the reduction of the target contaminant (33 mg L-1 PCE) under simulated groundwater conditions. In a long-term experiment over 160 days the extended life-time and the preservation of the reduction capacity of the embedded ZVI were confirmed. Reasons for the modified reaction behavior of Carbo-Iron after sulfidation compared to previously studied nZVI are discussed. We hypothesize that the structure of the carbon-embedded iron is decisive for the observed reaction behavior. In addition to reaction rates, the product pattern is vastly different compared to that of sulfidated nZVI. The triple combination of ZVI, AC and sulfur makes the composite particle very suitable for practical in-situ applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vogel
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Engineering, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anett Georgi
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Engineering, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frank-Dieter Kopinke
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Engineering, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katrin Mackenzie
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Engineering, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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19
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Pan Y, Zhang Y, Zhou M, Cai J, Tian Y. Enhanced removal of antibiotics from secondary wastewater effluents by novel UV/pre-magnetized Fe 0/H 2O 2 process. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 153:144-159. [PMID: 30710842 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics have been frequently detected in the aquatic environment and are of emerging concern due to their adverse effect and potential of inducing antibiotic resistance. In this study, we developed an UV/pre-magnetized Fe0/H2O2 process (UV/pre-Fe0/H2O2) valid for neutral pH conditions, which could remove sulfamethazine (SMT) completely within only 30 min and enhance 1.8 times of SMT removal. Meanwhile, this process demonstrated outstanding mineralization capability with the TOC removal of 92.1%, while for UV/H2O2 and UV/Fe0/H2O2 system it was 53.9% and 72.1%, respectively. Better synergetic effect between UV irradiation and pre-Fe0/H2O2 system was observed, and the value of synergetic factor was 6.3 in the presence of both ions and humic acid, which was much higher than that in deionized water (4.4), humic acid (5.5) and ions (1.5). Moreover, the process could efficiently remove various antibiotics (800 μg L-1 oxytetracycline (OTC); 800 μg L-1 tetracycline (TC); 400 μg L-1 sulfadiazine (SD) and 400 μg L-1 SMT) in the secondary wastewater effluent. After optimization of Fe0 and H2O2 dosage, these antibiotics could be removed within 10 min (kapp (103) = 288.6 min-1) with a very low treatment cost of 0.1 USD m-3, and the EE/O value was only 1.22 kWh m-3. Compared with O3, UV/Fe2+/PDS, VUV/UV/Fe2+ and other US-based processes, the degradation rates by this process could enhance as high as 22.3 folds while the treatment cost or EE/O value could reduce greatly. Therefore, UV/pre-Fe0/H2O2 process is promising and cost-effective for the treatment of antibiotics in secondary wastewater effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Advanced Water Treatment Technology International Joint Research Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Advanced Water Treatment Technology International Joint Research Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Minghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Advanced Water Treatment Technology International Joint Research Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Jingju Cai
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Advanced Water Treatment Technology International Joint Research Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yusi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Advanced Water Treatment Technology International Joint Research Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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20
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Pan Y, Xu L, Zhou M. Pre-magnetized Fe0 activated persulphate for the degradation of nitrobenzene in groundwater. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Qin H, Guan X, Bandstra JZ, Johnson RL, Tratnyek PG. Modeling the Kinetics of Hydrogen Formation by Zerovalent Iron: Effects of Sulfidation on Micro- and Nano-Scale Particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:13887-13896. [PMID: 30381947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) that generates H2 from the reduction of H2O by Fe0 is among the most fundamental of the processes that control reactivity in environmental systems containing zerovalent iron (ZVI). To develop a comprehensive kinetic model for this process, a large and high-resolution data set for HER was measured using five types of ZVI pretreated by acid-washing and/or sulfidation (in pH 7 HEPES buffer). The data were fit to four alternative kinetic models using nonlinear regression analysis applied to the whole data set simultaneously, which allowed some model parameters to be treated globally across multiple experiments. The preferred model uses two independent reactive phases to match the two-stage character of most HER data, with rate constants ( k's) for each phase fitted globally by iron type and phase quantities ( S's) fitted as fully local (independent) parameters. The first, faster stage was attributed to a reactive mineral intermediate (RMI) phase like Fe(OH)2, which may form in all experiments during preequilibration, but is rapidly consumed, leaving the second, slower stage of HER, which is due to reaction of Fe0. In addition to providing a deterministic model to explain the kinetics of HER by ZVI over a wide range of conditions, the results provide an improved quantitative basis for comparing the effects of sulfidation on ZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security , Shanghai 200092 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security , Shanghai 200092 , P.R. China
| | - Joel Z Bandstra
- Department of Mathematics, Engineering, and Computer Science , Saint Francis University , P.O. Box 600, Loretto , Pennsylvania 15940 , United States
| | - Richard L Johnson
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health , Oregon Health & Science University , 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road , Portland , Oregon 97239 , United States
| | - Paul G Tratnyek
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health , Oregon Health & Science University , 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road , Portland , Oregon 97239 , United States
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22
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Wei T, Hong M, Liu L. Study on the removal effect and influencing factors of nitrobenzene reduction by iron carbonate precipitates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:27112-27121. [PMID: 30022388 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the activity of iron carbonate precipitates produced by long-term operation of Fe0 permeable reactive barriers, three kinds of precipitates, namely Fe6(OH)12CO3, Fe2(OH)2CO3, and FeCO3, were prepared to reduce the pollutant nitrobenzene. We studied the reduction effects of these iron carbonate precipitates on nitrobenzene by considering three factors, namely the initial nitrobenzene concentration, initial pH, and precipitate dosage, and established the kinetic degradation using pseudo-first-order kinetics model. The results showed that all three precipitates can reduce nitrobenzene, and the order of reducing capability is Fe6(OH)12CO3 > Fe2(OH)2CO3 > FeCO3; moreover, the removal efficiency values of nitrobenzene are 68.08, 53.00, and 50.29%. A high initial nitrobenzene concentration and high pH value are beneficial to nitrobenzene reduction, and removal efficiency was increased when pH was increased from 4 to 9. In addition, the increased precipitate addition in the Fe6(OH)12CO3 and Fe2(OH)2CO3 systems increased removal efficiency. Furthermore, the dosage did not significantly influence the removal rate in the FeCO3 system. Fe6(OH)12CO3 and Fe2(OH)2CO3 mainly relied on the precipitate itself with the structural Fe(II) to reduce nitrobenzene, and FeCO3 mainly relied on the dissolved Fe2+. The reaction of all three precipitates in reducing nitrobenzene followed the first-order reaction kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Jie Fang Road 2519, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mei Hong
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Jie Fang Road 2519, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Jie Fang Road 2519, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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23
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Lu H, Wen C, Gao S, Dong Y, Zhang M, Li B, Hu W, Dong J. Incorporation of nanoscale zero-valent iron particles in monodisperse mesoporous silica nanospheres: Characterization, reactivity, transport in porous media. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Zhang W, Xiao T, Liu N, Ying W. The removal of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons from water using reactive activated carbon: the influence of synthesis factors and reaction environments. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:1328-1339. [PMID: 28488466 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1329350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Granular activated carbon (GAC) composite incorporated with nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles (reactive activated carbon, RAC) was synthesized by the liquid phase precipitation method and used to remove chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) from water. The influence of synthesis factors, such as base carbon types and annealing treatment temperature, and environmental factors, such as the molecular structure of CAHs, common ionic species and natural organic matter, on the removal capacities of RAC for CAHs was investigated. Mesoporous carbon with high hardness is a good candidate for base carbon, and high annealing treatment (up to 700°C) enhanced the total removal capacity of RAC for CAHs. The removal capacities of RAC for CAHs are consistent with the following order: tetrachloroethene >1,1,1-trichloroethane > trichloroethylene, and the CAH removal processes fit the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics model well. The removal mechanism of CAHs might be in accordance with a sequence of adsorption, diffusion and dechlorination in two heterogeneous GAC and nZVI materials. The presence of other CAHs, common ionic species and humic acid all inhibited the removal of CAHs. The removal ability of aged RAC for CAHs decreased slightly compared with that of fresh RAC, which demonstrated its good application potential in underground water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- a State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process , School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Xiao
- a State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process , School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
| | - Nuo Liu
- b School of Environmental Sciences , Tsinghua University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Weichi Ying
- a State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process , School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , People's Republic of China
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25
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Velimirovic M, Auffan M, Carniato L, Micić Batka V, Schmid D, Wagner S, Borschneck D, Proux O, von der Kammer F, Hofmann T. Effect of field site hydrogeochemical conditions on the corrosion of milled zerovalent iron particles and their dechlorination efficiency. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:1619-1627. [PMID: 29111242 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Milled zerovalent iron (milled ZVI) particles have been recognized as a promising agent for groundwater remediation because of (1) their high reactivity with chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides, organic dyes, and a number of inorganic contaminants, and (2) a possible greater persistance than the more extensively investigated nanoscale zerovalent iron. We have used laboratory-scale batch degradation experiments to investigate the effect that hydrogeochemical conditions have on the corrosion of milled ZVI and on its ability to degrade trichloroethene (TCE). The observed pseudo first-order degradation rate constants indicated that the degradation of TCE by milled ZVI is affected by groundwater chemistry. The apparent corrosion rates of milled ZVI particles were of the same order of magnitude for hydrogeochemical conditions representative for two contaminated field sites (133-140mmolkg-1day-1, indicating a milled ZVI life-time of 128-135days). Sulfate enhances milled ZVI reactivity by removing passivating iron oxides and hydroxides from the Fe0 surface, thus increasing the number of reactive sites available. The organic matter content of 1.69% in the aquifer material tends to suppress the formation of iron corrosion precipitates. Results from scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and iron K-edge X-ray adsorption spectroscopy suggest that the corrosion mechanisms involve the partial dissolution of particles followed by the formation and surface precipitation of magnetite and/or maghemite. Numerical corrosion modeling revealed that fitting iron corrosion rates and hydrogen inhibitory terms to hydrogen and pH measurements in batch reactors can reduce the life-time of milled ZVI particles by a factor of 1.2 to 1.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Velimirovic
- University of Vienna, Department of Environmental Geosciences and Environmental Science Research Network, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Auffan
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, Coll de France, CEREGE, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Luca Carniato
- Department of Water Resources, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Vesna Micić Batka
- University of Vienna, Department of Environmental Geosciences and Environmental Science Research Network, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Schmid
- University of Vienna, Department of Environmental Geosciences and Environmental Science Research Network, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Wagner
- University of Vienna, Department of Environmental Geosciences and Environmental Science Research Network, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Borschneck
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, Coll de France, CEREGE, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Olivier Proux
- Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), UMS 832 CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Frank von der Kammer
- University of Vienna, Department of Environmental Geosciences and Environmental Science Research Network, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thilo Hofmann
- University of Vienna, Department of Environmental Geosciences and Environmental Science Research Network, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Xiong Z, Lai B, Yang P. Enhancing the efficiency of zero valent iron by electrolysis: Performance and reaction mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:189-199. [PMID: 29207351 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrolysis was applied to enhance the efficiency of micron-size zero valent iron (mFe0) and thereby promote p-nitrophenol (PNP) removal. The rate of PNP removal by mFe0 with electrolysis was determined in cylindrical electrolysis reactor that employed annular aluminum plate cathode as a function of experimental factors, including initial pH, mFe0 dosage and current density. The rate constants of PNP removal by Ele-mFe0 were 1.72-144.50-fold greater than those by pristine mFe0 under various tested conditions. The electrolysis-induced improvement could be primarily ascribed to stimulated mFe0 corrosion, as evidenced by Fe2+ release. The application of electrolysis could extend the working pH range of mFe0 from 3.0 to 6.0 to 3.0-10.0 for PNP removal. Additionally, intermediates analysis and scavengers experiments unraveled the reduction capacity of mFe0 was accelerated in the presence of electrolysis instead of oxidation. Moreover, the electrolysis effect could also delay passivation of mFe0 under acidic condition, as evidenced by SEM-EDS, XRD, and XPS analysis after long-term operation. This is mainly due to increased electromigration meaning that iron corrosion products (iron hydroxides and oxides) are not primarily formed in the vicinity of the mFe0 or at its surface. In the presence of electrolysis, the effect of electric field significantly promoted the efficiency of electromigration, thereby enhanced mFe0 corrosion and eventually accelerated the PNP removal rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokun Xiong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bo Lai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Phenrat T, Schoenfelder D, Kirschling TL, Tilton RD, Lowry GV. Adsorbed poly(aspartate) coating limits the adverse effects of dissolved groundwater solutes on Fe 0 nanoparticle reactivity with trichloroethylene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:7157-7169. [PMID: 26233743 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
For in situ groundwater remediation, polyelectrolyte-modified nanoscale zerovalent iron particles (NZVIs) have to be delivered into the subsurface, where they degrade pollutants such as trichloroethylene (TCE). The effect of groundwater organic and ionic solutes on TCE dechlorination using polyelectrolyte-modified NZVIs is unexplored, but is required for an effective remediation design. This study evaluates the TCE dechlorination rate and reaction by-products using poly(aspartate) (PAP)-modified and bare NZVIs in groundwater samples from actual TCE-contaminated sites in Florida, South Carolina, and Michigan. The effects of groundwater solutes on short- and intermediate-term dechlorination rates were evaluated. An adsorbed PAP layer on the NZVIs appeared to limit the adverse effect of groundwater solutes on the TCE dechlorination rate in the first TCE dechlorination cycle (short-term effect). Presumably, the pre-adsorption of PAP "trains" and the Donnan potential in the adsorbed PAP layer prevented groundwater solutes from further blocking NZVI reactive sites, which appeared to substantially decrease the TCE dechlorination rate of bare NZVIs. In the second and third TCE dechlorination cycles (intermediate-term effect), TCE dechlorination rates using PAP-modified NZVIs increased substantially (~100 and 200%, respectively, from the rate of the first spike). The desorption of PAP from the surface of NZVIs over time due to salt-induced desorption is hypothesized to restore NZVI reactivity with TCE. This study suggests that NZVI surface modification with small, charged macromolecules, such as PAP, helps to restore NZVI reactivity due to gradual PAP desorption in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanapon Phenrat
- Research Unit for Integrated Natural Resources Remediation and Reclamation (IN3R), Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence for Sustainability of Health, Environment and Industry (SHEI), Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | - Daniel Schoenfelder
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT) and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA
| | - Teresa L Kirschling
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT) and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA
| | - Robert D Tilton
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT) and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT) and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA.
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Tso CP, Shih YH. Effect of carboxylic acids on the properties of zerovalent iron toward adsorption and degradation of trichloroethylene. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 206:817-825. [PMID: 29197807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Zerovalent iron (ZVI) based technology has been applied to remediate contaminated groundwater and has been paid great attention as an economic alternative. But it is still remains highly challenging to remove chlorinated pollutants such as trichloroethylene (TCE) with ZVI. Low molecular weight carboxylic ligands (formic acid (FA), oxalic acid (OA), and citric acid (CA)) were chosen to study the influence on the performance of ZVI in groundwater, including the morphology of Fe surface and the Fe dissolution. The removal rate of TCE with ZVI in the presence of 30 mM carboxylic groups followed an order of FA > OA > pure water ≅ CA. FA provides protons to promote the surface corrosion and generated more magnetite on the ZVI surface, which was further responsible for a high adsorption of TCE. With the strong complexing ability of OA and CA, passive layers could form dissoluble complexes via a ligand-promoted dissolution process. However, high concentration of OA resulted in Fe oxalate reprecipitated back onto the ZVI surface then inhibited the reactivity of ZVI. The Fe-ligand complexes also have ability to transform TCE depending on their redox properties. It is expected that effectiveness of carboxylic ligands on the ZVI: those low molecular weight carboxylic ligands in groundwater and soil may enhance the reaction efficiency of ZVI by altering the surface characteristics of ZVI. Therefore, the carboxylic ligands could increase the reactivity and the longevity of ZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Tso
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road Sec. 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yang-Hsin Shih
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Road Sec. 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
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Dykstra CM, Pavlostathis SG. Zero-Valent Iron Enhances Biocathodic Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Methane. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:12956-12964. [PMID: 28994592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Methanogenic bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), which convert carbon dioxide (CO2) directly to methane (CH4), promise to be an innovative technology for anaerobic digester biogas upgrading. Zero-valent iron (ZVI), which has previously been used to improve CH4 production in anaerobic digesters, has not been explored in methanogenic biocathodes. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of biocathode ZVI on BES performance at 1 and 2 g/L initial ZVI concentrations and at various cathode potentials (-0.65 to -0.80 V versus SHE). The total CH4 produced during a 7-day feeding cycle with 1 and 2 g/L initial ZVI was 2.8- and 2.9-fold higher, respectively, than the mean CH4 production in the four prior cycles without ZVI addition. Furthermore, CH4 production by the ZVI-amended biocathodes remained elevated throughout three subsequent feeding cycles, despite catholyte replacement and no new ZVI addition. The fourth cycle following a single ZVI addition of 1 g/L and 2 g/L yielded 123% and 231% more total CH4 than in the non-ZVI cycles, respectively. The higher CH4 production could not be fully explained by complete anaerobic oxidation of the ZVI and utilization of produced H2 by hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Microbial community analysis showed that the same phylotype, most closely related to Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus, dominated the archaeal community in the ZVI-free and ZVI-amended biocathodes. However, the bacterial community experienced substantial changes following ZVI exposure, with more Proteobacteria and fewer Bacteroidetes in the ZVI-amended biocathode. Furthermore, it is likely that a redox-active precipitate formed in the ZVI-amended biocathode, which sorbed to the electrode and/or biofilm, acted as a redox mediator, and enhanced electron transfer and CH4 production. Thus, ZVI may be used to increase biocathode CH4 production, assist in the start-up of an electromethanogenic biocathode, and/or maintain microbial activity during voltage interruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy M Dykstra
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0512, United States
| | - Spyros G Pavlostathis
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0512, United States
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Xiong Z, Yuan D, Yang P, Lai B. Cu 2+ release and transfer in various Fe/Cu-based processes during wastewater treatment. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Sun Y, Hu Y, Huang T, Li J, Qin H, Guan X. Combined Effect of Weak Magnetic Fields and Anions on Arsenite Sequestration by Zerovalent Iron: Kinetics and Mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:3742-3750. [PMID: 28287255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of major anions (e.g., ClO4-, NO3-, Cl-, and SO42-) in water on the reactivity of zerovalent iron (ZVI) toward As(III) sequestration were evaluated with and without a weak magnetic field (WMF). Without WMF, ClO4- and NO3- had negligible influence on As(III) removal by ZVI, but Cl- and SO42- could improve As(III) sequestration by ZVI. Moreover, the WMF-enhancing effect on As(III) removal by ZVI was minor in ultrapure water. A synergetic effect of WMF and individual anion on improving As(III) removal by ZVI was observed for each of the investigated anion, which became more pronounced as the concentration of anion increased. Based on the extent of enhancing effects, these anions were ranked in the order of SO42- > Cl- > NO3- ≈ ClO4- (from most- to least-enhanced). Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of HSiO3-, HCO3-, and H2PO4- on ZVI corrosion could be alleviated taking advantage of the combined effect of WMF and SO42-. The coupled influence of anions and WMF was associated with the simultaneous movement of anions with paramagnetic Fe2+ to keep local electroneutrality in solution. Our findings suggest that the presence of anions is quite essential to maintaining or stimulating the WMF effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jinxiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Hejie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
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Huang G, Wang M, Hu Y, Lv S, Li C. Synthesis, characterization, and debromination reactivity of cellulose-stabilized Pd/Fe nanoparticles for 2,2',4,4'-tretrabromodiphenyl ether. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174589. [PMID: 28355273 PMCID: PMC5371346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two kinds of cellulose derivatives (polyanionic cellulose (PAC) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC)) were selected as stabilizers of Pd/Fe nanoparticles (NPs) to investigate their influences on the debromination performances of 2,2',4,4'-tretrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47). Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) images revealed that the cellulose-stabilized Pd/Fe NPs were smaller and more uniform than the bare-Pd/Fe NPs. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results suggested that cellulose coatings found on Pd/Fe NPs surfaces featured some antioxidation abilities, which followed the order of HPMC < PAC. Sedimentation tests demonstrated that the stabilizing power of PAC for Pd/Fe NPs was higher than that of HPMC. Fourier transfer infrared spectrometer (FTIR) results indicated that PAC molecules were bound to the Pd/Fe NPs surfaces by polar covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds, while HPMC molecules interacted with the nanoparticles by hydrogen bonds. Batch debromination test for BDE47 demonstrated that the catalytic debromination rate with cellulose-stabilized Pd/Fe NPs was higher than that with bare-Pd/Fe NPs during reaction period of 15 min. Overall, this study indicated that both celluloses are beneficial to forming smaller, more regular, stable and antioxidative Pd/Fe NPs, leading to higher debromination reactivity for BDE47 compared with the bare-Pd/Fe NPs. Therefore Pd/Fe NPs can be utilized as a promising remediation technology for the contaminated groundwater and soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofu Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, the Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Mianmian Wang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, PR China
- Dongguan Cleaner Production Center, Dongguan, PR China
| | - Yongyou Hu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, the Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Sihao Lv
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, PR China
| | - Changfang Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, the Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
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33
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Yang Z, Xu H, Shan C, Jiang Z, Pan B. Effects of brining on the corrosion of ZVI and its subsequent As(III/V) and Se(IV/VI) removal from water. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 170:251-259. [PMID: 28006758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Zero-valent iron (ZVI) has been extensively applied in water remediation, and most of the ZVI materials employed in practical applications are iron scraps, which have usually been corroded to certain extent under different conditions. In this study, the effects of brining with six solutions (NaCl, Na2SO4, NaHCO3, Na2SiO3, NH4Cl, and NaH2PO4) on the corrosion of ZVI and its performance in the removal of As(III/V)/Se(IV/VI) were systematically investigated. All the studied solutions enhanced the corrosion of ZVI except for Na2SiO3, and the degrees of corrosion followed the order of NH4Cl > NaH2PO4 > Na2SO4 > NaCl > NaHCO3 > H2O > Na2SiO3. The corrosion products derived from ZVI were identified by SEM and XRD, and the dominant corrosion products varied with the type of brine solution. The positive correlation between the degree of ZVI corrosion and As(III/V)/Se(IV/VI) removal by the pre-corroded ZVI (pcZVI) was verified. In addition, As and Se removal by pcZVI was realized via a comprehensive process including adsorption and reduction, as further supported by the XPS analysis. We believe this study will shed new light upon the selection of iron materials pre-corroded under different saline conditions for practical water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chao Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bingcai Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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34
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Tso CP, Shih YH. The influence of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) on the reactivity of Fe NPs toward decabrominated diphenyl ether: The Ni doping, temperature, pH, and anion effects. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 322:145-151. [PMID: 27083057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are commonly used brominated flame retardants in many products. They have accumulated in the environment and become widely dispersed. In this study, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was applied to modify nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles (NPs) to prevent NP aggregation. In this study the removal kinetics of the decabrominated diphenyl ethers (DBDE) with CMC-stabilized Fe NPs were evaluated. CMC-stabilized Ni/Fe NPs with an average size of 86.7nm contained metallic Fe0 and reduced Ni. The colloidal stability decreased with a decrease in pH, which was further accompanied by a change in the removal rate of DBDE. Our results showed that anions do not change the removal rates of DBDE, with the exception of 10mM NO3-, which induced the formation of Fe (hydro)oxides on the Fe NP surface, which could further coagulate with DBDE. This study provides important information for our understanding of the influence of CMC coatings on the reactivity of Fe NPs. Because CMC coatings prevent the passivation of Fe in the presence of anions, CMC-coated Fe NPs show potential for the in-situ remediation of PBDEs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Tso
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yang-Hsin Shih
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
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35
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Kim HJ, Leitch M, Naknakorn B, Tilton RD, Lowry GV. Effect of emplaced nZVI mass and groundwater velocity on PCE dechlorination and hydrogen evolution in water-saturated sand. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 322:136-144. [PMID: 27250869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of nZVI mass loading and groundwater velocity on the tetrachloroethylene (PCE) dechlorination rate and the hydrogen evolution rate for poly(maleic acid-co-olefin) (MW=12K) coated nZVI was examined. In batch reactors, the PCE reaction rate constant (3.7×10-4Lhr-1m-2) and hydrogen evolution rate constant (1.4 nanomolLhr-1m-2) were independent of nZVI concentration above 10g/L, but the PCE dechlorination rate decreased and the hydrogen evolution rate increased for nZVI concentration below 10g/L. The nonlinearity between nZVI mass loading and PCE dechlorination and H2 evolution was explained by differences in pH and Eh at each nZVI mass loading; PCE reactivity increased when solution Eh decreased, and the H2 evolution rate increased with decreasing pH. Thus, nZVI mass loading of <5g/L yields lower reactivity with PCE and lower efficiency of Fe° utilization than for higher nZVI mass loading. The PCE dechlorination rate increased with increasing pore-water velocity, suggesting that mass transfer limits the reaction at low porewater velocity. Overall, this work suggests that design of nZVI-based reactive barriers for groundwater treatment should consider the non-linear effects of both mass loading and flow velocity on performance and expected reactive lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Kim
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Chemical Research Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Megan Leitch
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA
| | - Bhanuphong Naknakorn
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA
| | - Robert D Tilton
- Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA; Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890, USA.
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36
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Sun Y, Li J, Huang T, Guan X. The influences of iron characteristics, operating conditions and solution chemistry on contaminants removal by zero-valent iron: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 100:277-295. [PMID: 27206056 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
For successful application of a zero-valent iron (ZVI) system, of particular interest is the performance of ZVI under various conditions. The current review comprehensively summarizes the potential effects of the major influencing factors, such as iron intrinsic characteristics (e.g., surface area, iron impurities and oxide films), operating conditions (e.g., pH, dissolved oxygen, iron dosage, iron pretreatment, mixing conditions and temperature) and solution chemistry (e.g., anions, cations and natural organic matter) on the performance of ZVI reported in literature. It was demonstrated that all of the factors could exert significant effects on the ZVI performance toward contaminants removal, negatively or positively. Depending on the removal mechanisms of the respective contaminants and other environmental conditions, an individual variable may exhibit different effects. On the other hand, many of these influences have not been well understood or cannot be individually isolated in experimental or natural systems. Thus, more research is required in order to elucidate the exact roles and mechanisms of each factor in affecting the performance of ZVI. Furthermore, based on these understandings, future research may attempt to establish some feasible strategies to minimize the deteriorating effects and utilize the positive effects so as to improve the performance of ZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Jinxiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Xiong X, Gan J, Zhan W, Sun B. Effects of oxygen and weak magnetic field on Fe(0)/bisulfite system: performance and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:16761-16770. [PMID: 27184150 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6672-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The performance and mechanisms of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) degradation by the Fe(0)/bisulfite system were systematically investigated for the first time. The evidences presented in this study verified that O2 was a crucial factor that affected the mechanism of Fe(0)/bisulfite-driven 4-NP degradation. In the Fe(0)/bisulfite/O2 system, Fe(0) acted as a supplier of Fe(2+) to catalyze bisulfite oxidation that induced a chain reaction to produce reactive radicals for 4-NP degradation. While under N2 purging condition, bisulfite worked as a specified reductant that facilitated the transformation of Fe(3+) to nascent Fe(2+) ions, which principally accounted for the reductive removal of 4-NP. The application of a weak magnetic field (WMF) efficiently improved the removal rate of 4-NP and did not alter the mechanisms in both Fe(0)/bisulfite/O2 and Fe(0)/bisulfite/N2 processes. The secondary radicals, HO(·), SO4 (·-), and SO5 (·-), were considered as the most possible active oxidants contributing to the oxidative removal of 4-NP and even partial mineralization under an oxic condition. Compared with anoxic conditions, the performance removal of 4-NP by the WMF-Fe(0)/bisulfite/O2 system showed less pHini dependence. To facilitate the application of WMF-Fe(0)/bisulfite/O2 technology in real practice, premagnetization of Fe(0) was employed to combine with bisulfite/O2 and proved to be an effective and applicable method for 4-NP removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Xiong
- Department of Civil Engineering and Urban Construction, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinhong Gan
- Department of Civil Engineering and Urban Construction, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhan
- Department of Civil Engineering and Urban Construction, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
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Chen R, Chen J, Hong M, Zhang W. Formation of chukanovite in simulated groundwater containing [Formula: see text]. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:2786-2792. [PMID: 26979799 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1164759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chukanovite (Fe2(OH)2CO3) is one of the secondary mineral precipitates on the surfaces of zero-valent iron (ZVI) barriers in groundwater containing carbonates. Synthesizing experiments were conducted in FeCl2, NaOH, and Na2CO3 solutions to investigate the effect of carbonate concentration on the formation of Fe2(OH)2CO3 and estimate the stability field of Fe2(OH)2CO3 on the potential-pH diagram. Results revealed that Fe2(OH)2CO3 is a unique product based on X-ray diffraction. The [Formula: see text], OH-, and Fe2+ concentrations and the ratios (R = [Fe2+]/[OH-] and R' = [[Formula: see text]]/[OH-]) are important parameters in the formation of the Fe2(OH)2CO3. Fe2(OH)2CO3 was better formed in the R = 1.1, R' = 0.9 system than in the R = 1.1, R' = 0.7 system. The crystallization of Fe2(OH)2CO3was increased with the concentration of [Formula: see text] increased from 0.018 to 0.18 mol/L. The standard Gibbs free energy of the formation of Fe2(OH)2CO3 was -1151.1 ± 5.3 kJ/mol from the equilibrium conditions between Fe2(OH)2CO3 and Fe2+, [Formula: see text]. Potential-pH diagram of iron, including Fe2(OH)2CO3, was drawn in the Fe-C-H2O system. In this diagram, the stable domain of Fe2(OH)2CO3 was 7.87 < pH < 10.34, -740 mV < Eh < -400 mV, which can be converted into FeCO3 in low pH value in the 0.18mol/L carbonate solution. This work will aid in predicting the potential for mineral precipitation, as well as estimating the reactivity, porosity, and hydraulic performance of ZVI permeable reactive barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education , Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education , Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Hong
- a Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education , Jilin University , Changchun , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- b Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning (CAEP) , Beijing , People's Republic of China
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Danish M, Gu X, Lu S, Xu M, Zhang X, Fu X, Xue Y, Miao Z, Naqvi M, Nasir M. Role of reactive oxygen species and effect of solution matrix in trichloroethylene degradation from aqueous solution by zeolite-supported nano iron as percarbonate activator. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kuppusamy S, Palanisami T, Megharaj M, Venkateswarlu K, Naidu R. Ex-Situ Remediation Technologies for Environmental Pollutants: A Critical Perspective. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 236:117-192. [PMID: 26423074 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-20013-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pollution and the global health impacts from toxic environmental pollutants are presently of great concern. At present, more than 100 million people are at risk from exposure to a plethora of toxic organic and inorganic pollutants. This review is an exploration of the ex-situ technologies for cleaning-up the contaminated soil, groundwater and air emissions, highlighting their principles, advantages, deficiencies and the knowledge gaps. Challenges and strategies for removing different types of contaminants, mainly heavy metals and priority organic pollutants, are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Kuppusamy
- CERAR-Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
- CRC CARE-Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment, 486, Salisbury South, SA, 5106, Australia
| | - Thavamani Palanisami
- CRC CARE-Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment, 486, Salisbury South, SA, 5106, Australia
- GIER- Global Institute for Environmental Research, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- CRC CARE-Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment, 486, Salisbury South, SA, 5106, Australia.
- GIER- Global Institute for Environmental Research, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
- Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, 515055, India
| | - Ravi Naidu
- CRC CARE-Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment, 486, Salisbury South, SA, 5106, Australia
- GIER- Global Institute for Environmental Research, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Schmid D, Micić V, Laumann S, Hofmann T. Measuring the reactivity of commercially available zero-valent iron nanoparticles used for environmental remediation with iopromide. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2015; 181:36-45. [PMID: 25708601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The high specific surface area and high reactivity of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles have led to much research on their application to environmental remediation. The reactivity of nZVI is affected by both the water chemistry and the properties of the particular type of nZVI particle used. We have investigated the reactivity of three types of commercially available Nanofer particles (from Nanoiron, s.r.o., Czech Republic) that are currently either used in, or proposed for use in full scale environmental remediation projects. The performance of one of these, the air-stable and thus easy-to-handle Nanofer Star particle, has not previously been reported. Experiments were carried out first in batch shaking reactors in order to derive maximum reactivity rates and provide a rapid estimate of the Nanofer particle's reactivity. The experiments were performed under near-natural environmental conditions with respect to the pH value of water and solute concentrations, and results were compared with those obtained using synthetic water. Thereafter, the polyelectrolyte-coated Nanofer 25S particles (having the highest potential for transport within porous media) were chosen for the experiments in column reactors, in order to elucidate nanoparticle reactivity under a more field-site realistic setting. Iopromide was rapidly dehalogenated by the investigated nZVI particles, following pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics that was independent of the experimental conditions. The specific surface area normalized reaction rate constant (kSA) value in the batch reactors ranged between 0.12 and 0.53Lm(-2)h(-1); it was highest for the uncoated Nanofer 25 particles, followed by the polyacrylic acid-coated Nanofer 25S and air-stable Nanofer Star particles. In the batch reactors all particles were less reactive in natural water than in synthetic water. The kSA values derived from the column reactor experiments were about 1000 times lower than those from the batch reactors, ranging between 2.6×10(-4) and 5.7×10(-4)Lm(-2)h(-1). Our results revealed that the easy-to-handle and air-stable Nanofer Star particles are the least reactive of all the Nanofer products tested. The reaction kinetics predicted by column experiments were more realistic than those predicted by batch experiments and these should therefore be used when designing a full-scale field application of nanomaterials for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Schmid
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vesna Micić
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Susanne Laumann
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Engineering Consultancy Tauw b.v., Handelskade 37, Postbus 133, 7400 AC Deventer, The Netherlands
| | - Thilo Hofmann
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Fan JH, Wang HW. Effects of operational parameters and common ions on the reduction of 2,4-dinitrotoluene by scrap copper-modified cast iron. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:9932-9942. [PMID: 25663339 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Scrap Cu-modified cast iron (CMCI) is a potent material for the reduction of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) by a surface-mediated reaction. However, the effects of operational parameters and common ions on its reduction and final rate are unknown. Results show that the 2,4-DNT reduction was significantly affected by Cu:Fe mass ratio and the optimum m(Cu:Fe) was 0.25%. The slight pH-dependent trend of 2,4-DNT reduction by CMCI was observed at pH 3 to 11, and the maximum end product, 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT), was generated at pH 7. Dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water reduced the 2,4-DNT degradation and the formation of 2,4-DAT. CMCI effectively treated high concentrations of 2,4-DNT (60 to 150 mg L(-1)). In addition, varying the concentration of (NH4)2SO4 from 0.001 to 0.1 mol L(-1) improved the efficiency of the reduction process. The green rust-like corrosion products (GR-SO4 (2-)) were also effective for 2,4-DNT reduction, in which Na2CO3 (0.01 to 0.2 mol L(-1)) significantly inhibited this reduction. The repeated-use efficiency of CMCI was also inhibited. Moreover, 2,4-DNT and its products, such as 4A2NT, 2A4NT, and 2,4-DAT, produced mass imbalance (<35%). Hydrolysis of Fe(3+) and CO3 (2-) leading to the generation of Fe(OH)3 and conversion to FeOOH that precipitated on the surface and strongly adsorbed the products of reduction caused the inhibition of CO3 (2-). The 2,4-DNT reduction by CMCI could be described by pseudo-first-order kinetics. The operational conditions and common ions affected the 2,4-DNT reduction and its products by enhancing the corrosion of iron or accumulating a passive oxide film on the reactivity sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Technology and Equipment for Water Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Obiri-Nyarko F, Kwiatkowska-Malina J, Malina G, Kasela T. Geochemical modelling for predicting the long-term performance of zeolite-PRB to treat lead contaminated groundwater. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2015; 177-178:76-84. [PMID: 25863218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of using geochemical modelling to predict the performance of a zeolite-permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for treating lead (Pb(2+)) contaminated water was investigated in this study. A short-term laboratory column experiment was first performed with the zeolite (clinoptilolite) until the elution of 50 PV (1 PV=ca. 283 mL). Geochemical simulations of the one-dimensional transport of the Pb(2+), considering removal processes including: ion-exchange, adsorption and complexation; the concomitant release of exchangeable cations (Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Na(+), and K(+)) and the changes in pH were subsequently performed using the geochemical model PHREEQC. The results showed a reasonable agreement between the experimental results and the numerical simulations, with the exception of Ca(2+) for which a great discrepancy was observed. The model also indicated the formation of secondary mineral precipitates such as goethite and hematite throughout the experiment, of which the effect on the hydraulic conductivity was found to be negligible. The results were further used to extrapolate the long-term performance of the zeolite. We found the capacity would be completely exhausted at PV=250 (ca. 3 days). The study, thus, generally demonstrates the applicability of PHREEQC to predict the short and long-term performance of zeolite-PRBs. Therefore, it can be used to assist in the design and for management purposes of such barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Obiri-Nyarko
- Department of Geology and Environmental Protection, Hydrogeotechnika Sp z o.o., ul.Sciegiennego 262A, 25-112 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Kwiatkowska-Malina
- Department of Spatial Planning and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Warsaw University of Technology, Pl Politechniki 1, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Malina
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kasela
- Department of Geology and Environmental Protection, Hydrogeotechnika Sp z o.o., ul.Sciegiennego 262A, 25-112 Kielce, Poland
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Hwang Y, Kim D, Shin HS. Inhibition of nitrate reduction by NaCl adsorption on a nano-zero-valent iron surface during a concentrate treatment for water reuse. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:1178-1187. [PMID: 25358487 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.982723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) has been considered as a possible material to treat water and wastewater. However, it is necessary to verify the effect of the matrix components in different types of target water. In this study, different effects depending on the sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration on reductions of nitrates and on the characteristics of NZVI were investigated. Although NaCl is known as a promoter of iron corrosion, a high concentration of NaCl (>3 g/L) has a significant inhibition effect on the degree of NZVI reactivity towards nitrate. The experimental results were interpreted by a Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson reaction in terms of inhibition, and the decreased NZVI reactivity could be explained by the increase in the inhibition constant. As a result of a chloride concentration analysis, it was verified that 7.7-26.5% of chloride was adsorbed onto the surface of NZVI. Moreover, the change of the iron corrosion product under different NaCl concentrations was investigated by a surface analysis of spent NZVI. Magnetite was the main product, with a low NaCl concentration (0.5 g/L), whereas amorphous iron hydroxide was observed at a high concentration (12 g/L). Though the surface was changed to permeable iron hydroxide, the Fe(0) in the core was not completely oxidized. Therefore, the inhibition effect of NaCl could be explained as the competitive adsorption of chloride and nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhoon Hwang
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Miljøvej, Building 113, Lyngby 2800 , Denmark
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Tso CP, Shih YH. The reactivity of well-dispersed zerovalent iron nanoparticles toward pentachlorophenol in water. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 72:372-380. [PMID: 25575963 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to prevent the aggregation of nanoparticles (NPs), surface modification or the addition of a stabilizer are used for stabilization. However, the real reactivity of NPs is still unclear because of the surface coating. For different physical dispersion methods, the particle stabilization for nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) particles and their reactivity are studied. The particle properties of different preparations and their reactivity toward one polychlorinated aromatic compound, pentachlorophenol (PCP), with different electrolytes are also evaluated. Ultrasonication (US) with magnetic stirring disperses NZVI and Pd/Fe NPs well in water and does not affect the surface redox property a lot under the operating conditions in this study. The well-suspended NZVI cannot dechlorinate PCP but adsorption removal is observed. Compared to shaking, which gives limited removal of PCP (about 43%), Pd/Fe NPs remove 81% and 93% of PCP from water in the US and the US/stirring systems, respectively, which demonstrates that a greater surface area is exposed because of effective dispersion of Pd/Fe NPs. As the Pd doping increases, the dechlorination kinetics of PCP is improved, which shows that a catalyst is needed. With US/stirring, chloride ions do not significantly affect the removal kinetics of PCP, but the removal efficiency increases in the presence of nitrate ions because PCP anions were adsorbed and coagulated by the greater amount of iron (hydro)oxides that are generated from the reduction of nitrate on Pd/Fe. However, bicarbonate ions significantly block the adsorption and reaction sites on the Pd/Fe NP surface with US/stirring. The US/stirring method can be used to evaluate the actual activity of NPs near the nanoscale. The use of Pd/Fe NPs with US/stirring removes PCP from water effectively, even in the presence of common anions expect a high concentration of bicarbonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-ping Tso
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yang-hsin Shih
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
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Chen MY, Su YF, Shih YH. Effect of geochemical properties on degradation of trichloroethylene by stabilized zerovalent iron nanoparticle with Na-acrylic copolymer. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 144:88-92. [PMID: 24929499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Stable nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) particles have been developed to remediate chlorinated compounds. The degradation kinetics and efficiency of trichloroethylene (TCE) by a commercial stabilized NZVI with Na-acrylic copolymer (acNZVI) were investigated and compared with those by laboratory-synthesized NZVI and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-stabilized NZVI particles. Results show that the degradation of TCE by acNZVI was faster than that by NZVI and CMC-NZVI. Increase in temperature enhanced the degradation rate and efficiency of TCE with acNZVI. The activation energy of TCE degradation by acNZVI was estimated to be 23 kJ/mol. The degradation rate constants of TCE decreased from 0.064 to 0.026 min(-1) with decrease in initial pH from 9.03 to 4.23. Common groundwater anions including NO3(-), Cl(-), HCO3(-), and SO4(2-) inhibited slightly the degradation efficiencies of TCE by acNZVI. The Na-acrylic copolymer-stabilized NZVI, which exhibited high degradation kinetics and efficiency, could be a good remediation agent for chlorinated organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-yi Chen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuh-fan Su
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yang-hsin Shih
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
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Kim HS, Ahn JY, Kim C, Lee S, Hwang I. Effect of anions and humic acid on the performance of nanoscale zero-valent iron particles coated with polyacrylic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 113:93-100. [PMID: 25065795 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Effects of anions (NO3(-), HCO3(-), Cl(-), SO4(2-)) and humic acid on the reactivity and core/shell chemistries of polyacrylic acid-coated nanoscale zero-valent iron (PAA-NZVI) and inorganically modified NZVI (INORG-NZVI) particles were investigated. The reactivity tests under various ion concentrations (0.2-30mN) revealed the existence of a favorable molar ratio of anion/NZVI that increased the reactivity of NZVI particles. The presence of a relatively small amount of humic acid (0.5mgL(-1)) substantially decreased the INORG-NZVI reactivity by 76%, whereas the reactivity of PAA-NZVI decreased only by 12%. The XRD and TEM results supported the role of the PAA coating of PAA-NZVI in impeding the oxidation of the Fe(0) core by groundwater solutes. This protective role provided by the organic coating also resulted in a 2.3-fold increase in the trichloroethylene (TCE) reduction capacity of PAA-NZVI compared to that of INORG-NZVI in the presence of anions/humic acid. Ethylene and ethane were simultaneously produced as the major reduction products of TCE in both NZVI systems, suggesting that a hydrodechlorination occurred without the aid of metallic catalysts. The PAA coating, originally designed to improve the mobility of NZVI, enhanced TCE degradation performances of NZVI in the presence of anions and humic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Seok Kim
- Research & Development Division, Hyundai Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd., 17-5, Mabukno 240-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-912, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Ahn
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 30 Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolyong Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 30 Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Seockheon Lee
- Center for Water Resource Cycle, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangdo 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseong Hwang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 30 Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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Tso CP, Shih YH. The transformation of hexabromocyclododecane using zerovalent iron nanoparticle aggregates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 277:76-83. [PMID: 24962054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), an emerging contaminant, is a brominated flame retardant that has been widely detected in the environment. In this study, nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) aggregates are firstly used to treat HBCD and its removal under different geochemical conditions is evaluated. HBCD is almost removed from solutions by NZVI, with a kSA of 4.22×10(-3)Lm(-2)min(-1). An increase in the iron dosage and temperature increases the removal rate. The activation energy for the removal of HBCD by NZVI is 30.2kJmol(-1), which suggests that a surface-chemical reaction occurs on NZVI. HBCD is adsorbed on the NZVI surface, where electrons were transferred to HBCD, and consequently forms byproducts with less bromide. Three common groundwater anions decrease the reaction kinetics and efficiency of NZVI. The kobs of HBCD in the presence of anions is in the order: pure water >Cl(-)>NO3(-)≒HCO3(-). The inhibitory effect of these anions may be a result of the possible complexation of anions with the oxidized iron surface. The oxidized sites on NZVI and oxidized species of iron also contribute to the removal of HBCD by adsorption on NZVI from solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-ping Tso
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yang-hsin Shih
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
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Liang L, Guan X, Shi Z, Li J, Wu Y, Tratnyek PG. Coupled effects of aging and weak magnetic fields on sequestration of selenite by zero-valent iron. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:6326-6334. [PMID: 24804570 DOI: 10.1021/es500958b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The sequestration of Se(IV) by zero-valent iron (ZVI) is strongly influenced by the coupled effects of aging ZVI and the presence of a weak magnetic field (WMF). ZVI aged at pH 6.0 with MES as buffer between 6 and 60 h gave nearly constant rates of Se(IV) removal with WMF but with rate constants that are 10- to 100-fold greater than without. XANES analysis showed that applying WMF changes the mechanism of Se(IV) removal by ZVI aged for 6-60 h from adsorption followed by reduction to direct reduction. The strong correlation between Se(IV) removal and Fe2+ release suggests direct reduction of Se(IV) to Se(0) by Fe0, in agreement with the XANES analysis. The numerical simulation of ZVI magnetization revealed that the WMF influence on Se(IV) sequestration is associated mainly with the ferromagnetism of ZVI and the paramagnetism of Fe2+. In the presence of the WMF, the Lorentz force gives rise to convection in the solution, which narrows the diffusion layer, and the field gradient force, which tends to move paramagnetic ions (esp. Fe2+) along the higher field gradient at the ZVI particle surface, thereby inducing nonuniform depassivation and eventually localized corrosion of the ZVI surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, PR China
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50
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Kaifas D, Malleret L, Kumar N, Fétimi W, Claeys-Bruno M, Sergent M, Doumenq P. Assessment of potential positive effects of nZVI surface modification and concentration levels on TCE dechlorination in the presence of competing strong oxidants, using an experimental design. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 481:335-342. [PMID: 24607397 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles are efficient for the remediation of aquifers polluted by trichloroethylene (TCE). But for on-site applications, their reactivity can be affected by the presence of common inorganic co-pollutants, which are equally reduced by nZVI particles. The aim of this study was to assess the potential positive effects of nZVI surface modification and concentration level on TCE removal in the concomitant presence of two strong oxidants, i.e., Cr(VI) and NO3(-). A design of experiments, testing four factors (i.e. nZVI concentration, nZVI surface modification, Cr(VI) concentration and NO3(-) concentration), was used to select the best trials for the identification of the main effects of the factors and of the factors interactions. The effects of these factors were studied by measuring the following responses: TCE removal rates at different times, degradation kinetic rates, and the transformation products formed. As expected, TCE degradation was delayed or inhibited in most of the experiments, due to the presence of inorganics. The negative effects of co-pollutants can be palliated by combining surface modification with a slight increase in nZVI concentration. Encouragingly, complete TCE removal was achieved for some given experimental conditions. Noteworthily, nZVI surface modification was found to promote the efficient degradation of TCE. When degradation occurred, TCE was mainly transformed into innocuous non-chlorinated transformation products, while hazardous chlorinated transformation products accounted for a small percentage of the mass-balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Kaifas
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, Bâtiment Villemin, Europôle de l'Arbois, Avenue Louis Philibert, BP 80, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 4, France.
| | - Laure Malleret
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, Bâtiment Villemin, Europôle de l'Arbois, Avenue Louis Philibert, BP 80, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 4, France.
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CEREGE, UMR 7330, Europôle de l'Arbois, Avenue Louis Philibert, BP 80, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 4, France.
| | - Wafa Fétimi
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, Bâtiment Villemin, Europôle de l'Arbois, Avenue Louis Philibert, BP 80, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 4, France.
| | - Magalie Claeys-Bruno
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LISA, EA 4672, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niémen, Case 451, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| | - Michelle Sergent
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LISA, EA 4672, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niémen, Case 451, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| | - Pierre Doumenq
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, Bâtiment Villemin, Europôle de l'Arbois, Avenue Louis Philibert, BP 80, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 4, France.
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