1
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Turanov АN, Karandashev VК, Yarkevich AN. Novel Bis(diphenylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide) Ligand for Effective Extraction of Actinides and Lanthanides from Nitric Acid Solutions. SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2021.2001973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- А. N. Turanov
- Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - V. К. Karandashev
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - A. N. Yarkevich
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
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2
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Pamuła M, Nissinen M, Helttunen K. Correlating Solution- and Solid-State Structures of Conformationally Flexible Resorcinarenes: Significance of a Sulfonyl Group in Intramolecular Self-Inclusion. Chemistry 2020; 26:7374-7383. [PMID: 32083359 PMCID: PMC7317440 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of tetramethoxyresorcinarene podands bearing p-toluene arms connected by -SO3 - (1) and -CH2 O- (2) linkers is presented herein. In the solid state, the resorcinarene podand 1 forms an intramolecular self-inclusion complex with the pendant p-toluene group of a podand arm, whereas the resorcinarene podand 2 does not show self-inclusion. The conformations of the flexible resorcinarene podands in solution were investigated by variable-temperature experiments using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques as well as by computational methods, including a conformational search and subsequent DFT optimisation of representative structures. The 1 H NMR spectra of 1 and 2 at room temperature show a single set of proton signals that are in agreement with C4v symmetry. At low temperatures, the molecules exist as a mixture of boat conformations featuring slow exchange on the NMR timescale. Energy barriers (ΔG≠ 298 ) of 55.5 and 52.0 kJ mol-1 were calculated for the boat-to-boat exchange of 1 and 2, respectively. The results of the ROESY experiments performed at 193 K and computational modelling suggest that in solution the resorcinarene podand 1 adopts a similar conformation to that present in its crystal structure, whereas podand 2 populates a more versatile range of conformations in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Pamuła
- Department of ChemistryNanoscience CenterUniversity of JyvaskylaP.O. Box 3540014JyvaskylaFinland
| | - Maija Nissinen
- Department of ChemistryNanoscience CenterUniversity of JyvaskylaP.O. Box 3540014JyvaskylaFinland
| | - Kaisa Helttunen
- Department of ChemistryNanoscience CenterUniversity of JyvaskylaP.O. Box 3540014JyvaskylaFinland
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3
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Torelli M, Terenziani F, Pedrini A, Guagnini F, Domenichelli I, Massera C, Dalcanale E. Mechanically-Driven Vase-Kite Conformational Switch in Cavitand Cross-Linked Polyurethanes. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:261-268. [PMID: 32128296 PMCID: PMC7043258 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The eligibility of tetraquinoxaline cavitands (QxCav) as molecular grippers relies on their unique conformational mobility between a closed (vase) and an open (kite) form, triggered in solution by conventional stimuli like pH, temperature and ion concentration. In the present paper, the mechanochemical conformational switching of ad hoc functionalized QxCav covalently embedded in an elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane and in a more rigid polyurethane matrix is investigated. The rigid polymer matrix is more effective in converting mechanical force into a conformational switch at the molecular level, provided that all four quinoxaline wings are covalently connected to the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Torelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and INSTM UdR ParmaUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/AParma43124Italy
| | - Francesca Terenziani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and INSTM UdR ParmaUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/AParma43124Italy
| | - Alessandro Pedrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and INSTM UdR ParmaUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/AParma43124Italy
| | - Francesca Guagnini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and INSTM UdR ParmaUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/AParma43124Italy
| | - Ilaria Domenichelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and INSTM UdR ParmaUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/AParma43124Italy
| | - Chiara Massera
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and INSTM UdR ParmaUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/AParma43124Italy
| | - Enrico Dalcanale
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and INSTM UdR ParmaUniversity of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/AParma43124Italy
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4
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VanderWeide AI, Staples RJ, Biros SM. Crystal structures of two bis-carbamoyl-methyl-phosphine oxide (CMPO) compounds. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2019; 75:991-996. [PMID: 31392011 PMCID: PMC6659340 DOI: 10.1107/s205698901900820x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Two bis-carbamoyl-methyl-phosphine oxide compounds, namely {[(3-{[2-(di-phen-yl-phosphino-yl)ethanamido]-meth-yl}benz-yl)carbamo-yl]meth-yl}di-phenyl-phos-phine oxide, C36H34N2O4P2, (I), and diethyl [({2-[2-(di-eth-oxy-phosphino-yl)ethanamido]-eth-yl}carbamo-yl)meth-yl]phospho-nate, C14H30N2O8P2, (II), were synthesized via nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions between an ester and a primary amine. Hydrogen-bonding inter-actions are present in both crystals, but these inter-actions are intra-molecular in the case of compound (I) and inter-molecular in compound (II). Intra-molecular π-π stacking inter-actions are also present in the crystal of compound (I) with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.9479 (12) Å and a dihedral angle of 9.56 (12)°. Inter-molecular C-H⋯π inter-actions [C⋯centroid distance of 3.622 (2) Å, C-H⋯centroid angle of 146°] give rise to supra-molecular sheets that lie in the ab plane. Key geometric features for compound (I) involve a nearly planar, trans-amide group with a C-N-C-C torsion angle of 169.12 (17)°, and a torsion angle of -108.39 (15)° between the phosphine oxide phospho-rus atom and the amide nitro-gen atom. For compound (II), the electron density corresponding to the phosphoryl group was disordered, and was modeled as two parts with a 0.7387 (19):0.2613 (19) occupancy ratio. Compound (II) also boasts a trans-amide group that approaches planarity with a C-N-C-C torsion angle of -176.50 (16)°. The hydrogen bonds in this structure are inter-molecular, with a D⋯A distance of 2.883 (2) Å and a D-H⋯A angle of 175.0 (18)° between the amide hydrogen atom and the P=O oxygen atom. These non-covalent inter-actions create ribbons that run along the b-axis direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I. VanderWeide
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Dr., Allendale, MI 49401, USA
| | - Richard J. Staples
- Center for Crystallographic Research, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Shannon M. Biros
- Department of Chemistry, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Dr., Allendale, MI 49401, USA
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5
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Ananthnag GS, Mondal D, Mague JT, Balakrishna MS. Synthesis of tetra-pincer nickel(ii) and palladium(ii) complexes of resorcin[4]arene-octophosphinite [Res(OPR2)8] and rhodium-catalyzed regioselective hydroformylation reaction. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14632-14641. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02499a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of resorcin[4]arene based octaphosphinite ligands and their tetra-pincer NiII and PdII complexes and rhodium-octaphosphinite catalyzed hydroformylation of styrene and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guddekoppa S. Ananthnag
- Phosphorus Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Dipanjan Mondal
- Phosphorus Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry
- Tulane University
- New Orleans
- USA
| | - Maravanji S. Balakrishna
- Phosphorus Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
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6
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Werner EJ, Biros SM. Supramolecular ligands for the extraction of lanthanide and actinide ions. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00242a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A selection of supramolecular ligands designed to extract f-elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Werner
- Department of Chemistry
- Biochemistry and Physics
- The University of Tampa
- Tampa
- USA
| | - Shannon M. Biros
- Department of Chemistry
- Grand Valley State University
- Allendale
- USA
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7
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Vidal D, Costas M, Lledó A. A Deep Cavitand Receptor Functionalized with Fe(II) and Mn(II) Aminopyridine Complexes for Bioinspired Oxidation Catalysis. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b04426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Vidal
- Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis, and Department of Chemistry, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia de Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Miquel Costas
- Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis, and Department of Chemistry, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia de Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Agustí Lledó
- Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis, and Department of Chemistry, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia de Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
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8
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Matthews SE, Cecioni S, O'Brien JE, MacDonald CJ, Hughes DL, Jones GA, Ashworth SH, Vidal S. Fixing the Conformation of Calix[4]arenes: When Are Three Carbons Not Enough? Chemistry 2018; 24:4436-4444. [PMID: 29338100 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Calix[4]arenes are unique macrocycles that through judicious functionalisation at the lower rim can be either fixed in one of four conformations or remain conformationally flexible. Introduction of propynyl or propenyl groups unexpectedly provides a new possibility; a unidirectional conformational switch, with the 1,3-alternate and 1,2-alternate conformers switching to the partial cone conformation, whilst the cone conformation is unchanged, under standard experimental conditions. Using 1 H NMR kinetic studies, rates of switching have been shown to be dependent on the starting conformation, upper-rim substituent, where reduction in bulk enables faster switching, solvent and temperature with 1,2-alternate conformations switching fastest. Ab initio calculations (DFT) confirmed the relative stabilities of the conformations and point towards the partial cone conformer being the most stable of the four. The potential impact on synthesis through the "click" reaction has been investigated and found not to be significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Matthews
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Samy Cecioni
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, CO2-Glyco, UMR 5246, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - John E O'Brien
- School of Chemistry, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Colin J MacDonald
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - David L Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Garth A Jones
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Stephen H Ashworth
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Sébastien Vidal
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, CO2-Glyco, UMR 5246, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
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9
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Bhattacharjee I, Ghosh N, Raina A, Dasgupta J, Ray D. Conformational switching via an intramolecular H-bond modulates the fluorescence lifetime in a novel coumarin–imidazole conjugate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:6060-6072. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07274k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Achieving synthetic control over light-driven molecular dynamics is essential for designing complex molecule-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nita Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- India
| | - Abhinav Raina
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- India
| | | | - Debdas Ray
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- India
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10
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Korom S, Ballester P. Attachment of a Ru II Complex to a Self-Folding Hexaamide Deep Cavitand. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:12109-12112. [PMID: 28820939 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis and characterization of a new RuII metallocavitand that is catalytically active in alkene epoxidation reactions. The elaboration of the resorcin[4]arene's aromatic cavity produced a self-folding, deep hexaamide cavitand featuring a single diverging terpyridine (tpy) group installed at its upper rim. The construction of the metallocavitand involved the initial chelation of a RuIII chloride complex by the tpy ligand followed by the incorporation of 2-(phenylazo)pyridine (azpy) as an ancillary ligand. The resulting RuII chloro complex was converted into the catalytically active aqua counterpart by a ligand exchange process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saša Korom
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA , Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Lledó A, Soler A. Binding of ion pairs in a thiourea-functionalized self-folding cavitand. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00191f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A bioinspired supramolecular container with complementary binding sites displays cooperative binding of ion pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Lledó
- Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de Girona
- 17003 Girona
- Spain
| | - A. Soler
- Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de Girona
- 17003 Girona
- Spain
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12
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Turanov АN, Karandashev VK, Sharova EV, Аrtyushin ОI. Bis(Diphenylcarbamoylmethylphosphine Oxide) Ligand Containing 4, 7, 10 – Trioxatridecane Spacer: Novel Effective Extractant for Actinides and Lanthanides. SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2015.1129197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Erbas-Cakmak
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Charlie T. McTernan
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Alina
L. Nussbaumer
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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14
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Abstract
A new family of cavitands bearing urea groups has been prepared. The hosts display a fluxional behavior akin to that of amide analogues. The ureido functions serve a dual role, stabilizing the folded conformer of the receptor and providing stabilization to guests present in the cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustí Lledó
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi s/n, 17071 Girona, Spain
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15
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Abstract
In this review, we describe the construction of gated molecular baskets, discuss their mechanism of action in regulating the exchange of guests and illustrate the potential of these concave hosts to act as catalysts for controlling chemical reactions. Importantly, a number of computational and experimental studies have suggested that gated baskets ought to unfold their gates at the rim for permitting the passage of guests to/from their inner space. These dynamic hosts are therefore offered as useful models for investigating the process of gating in artificial systems. Furthermore, gated baskets should permit examining the benefit of controlling the rate by which reactants access a gated catalyst for promoting chemical reactions occurring in its confined space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Hermann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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16
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Knipe PC, Thompson S, Hamilton AD. Ion-mediated conformational switches. Chem Sci 2015; 6:1630-1639. [PMID: 28694943 PMCID: PMC5482205 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular switches are ubiquitous in Nature and provide the basis of many forms of transport and signalling. Single synthetic molecules that change conformation, and thus function, reversibly in a stimulus-dependent manner are of great interest not only to chemists but society in general; myriad applications exist in storage, display, sensing and medicine. Here we describe recent developments in the area of ion-mediated switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Knipe
- Department of Chemistry , Chemistry Research Laboratory , University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , UK . ; ; Tel: +44 (0)1865 275978
| | - Sam Thompson
- Department of Chemistry , Chemistry Research Laboratory , University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , UK . ; ; Tel: +44 (0)1865 275978
| | - Andrew D Hamilton
- Department of Chemistry , Chemistry Research Laboratory , University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road , Oxford OX1 3TA , UK . ; ; Tel: +44 (0)1865 275978
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17
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Turanov AN, Karandashev VK, Sharova EV, Genkina GK, Artyushin OI. Bis(carbamoylmethylphosphine oxide) ligands fixed on the arene core via 1,2,3-triazole linkers: novel effective extractants for palladium, lanthanides and actinides. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00120j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The extraction of U(vi) and Th(iv) from 3 M HNO3 solutions with 0.01 M solutions of extractants 1–8 in 1,2-dichloroethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Turanov
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 142432 Chernogolovka
- Russia
| | - Vasilii K. Karandashev
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 142432 Chernogolovka
- Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS
| | - Elena V. Sharova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
| | - Galina K. Genkina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
| | - Oleg I. Artyushin
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
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18
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Sharova EV, Artyushin OI, Odinets IL. Synthetic routes to carbamoylmethylphosphoryl compounds — extractants for the processing of spent nuclear fuels. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2014v083n02abeh004384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Soberats B, Sanna E, Martorell G, Rotger C, Costa A. Programmed Enzyme-Mimic Hydrolysis of a Choline Carbonate by a Metal-Free 2-Aminobenzimidazole-Based Cavitand. Org Lett 2014; 16:840-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol403612e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartolomé Soberats
- Departament
de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa,
km 7.5, 07122 Palma
de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Elena Sanna
- Departament
de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa,
km 7.5, 07122 Palma
de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Gabriel Martorell
- Serveis
Cientificotècnics, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra.
Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Carmen Rotger
- Departament
de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa,
km 7.5, 07122 Palma
de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antoni Costa
- Departament
de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. Valldemossa,
km 7.5, 07122 Palma
de Mallorca, Spain
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20
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Ma YX, Han Y, Chen CF. Triptycene-derived calixarenes, heterocalixarenes and analogues. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-013-0372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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N-Tris[(2-aminoethyl)-2-(diphenylphosphoryl) acetamide)] — novel CMPO tripodand: synthesis, extraction studies and luminescent properties of lanthanide complexes. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-011-0124-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractA ligand system containing three carbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO) moieties attached to a tripodal platform with a central nitrogen atom has been synthesized for metal complexation and extraction from neutral and nitric acid solutions. Liquid-liquid extractions performed for Ln(III), both from neutral and acidic media, show excellent extraction properties which exceeded those for the known mono- and di-CMPO derivatives as well as the related tripodands. A considerable enhancement of the DLn values was observed in the presence of IL ([bmim][Tf2N]) in the organic phase towards lanthanide ions from 3M HNO3 solutions. The protonation of the central amine nitrogen atom of the ligand 1 in the acidic media provides also the effective extraction of the perrhenate anionic complexes. The europium complexes formed by mono- and tris-CMPO ligands in the solid state, as well as Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes generated in solutions, possess intensive luminescence at 300K
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22
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Degardin M, Busseron E, Kim DA, Ajami D, Rebek J. Deep cavitands featuring functional acetal-based walls. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:11850-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc36517k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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24
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Maslennikova VI, Serkova OS, Guzeeva TV, Lyssenko KA, Levina II, Glushko VV, Nifantyev EE. Regioselective Synthesis and Structure of New Oligophosphorylated rctt Resorcinarenes. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2010.531489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera I. Maslennikova
- a Department of Chemistry , Moscow Pedagogical State University , Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga S. Serkova
- a Department of Chemistry , Moscow Pedagogical State University , Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V. Guzeeva
- a Department of Chemistry , Moscow Pedagogical State University , Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Lyssenko
- b Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina I. Levina
- c Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina V. Glushko
- a Department of Chemistry , Moscow Pedagogical State University , Moscow, Russia
| | - Eduard E. Nifantyev
- a Department of Chemistry , Moscow Pedagogical State University , Moscow, Russia
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Rieth S, Wang BY, Bao X, Badjić JD. Four-State Switching Characteristics of a Gated Molecular Basket. Org Lett 2009; 11:2495-8. [PMID: 19453138 DOI: 10.1021/ol9009392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Rieth
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Bao-Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Xiaoguang Bao
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Jovica D. Badjić
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Abstract
We report that a benzimidazole cavitand is incorporated in aqueous phosphocholine (PC) micelles, folds into the vase conformation, and functions as small-molecule host. As a micelle-bound host it has the ability to sequester selective hydrophobic guest "anchors" into its interior. These anchors include cycloalkanes, adamantanes, and nitrogen heterocycles that compete favorably with the large excess of PC alkyl side-chains that make up the micelle interior. The adamantyl anchor was further functionalized with a fluorophore, and in another instance a dipeptide and both guests retain their recognition properties with the micelle-bound cavitand. Additionally, we report that variations in the cavitand periphery and rim are well-tolerated under our experimental conditions. We find that enhanced binding toward certain guests in both micelles as well as in solution occurs in response to titration with base; this previously unknown property of benzimidazole cavitands is reported in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Schramm
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, Mail MB 26, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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28
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Ballester P, Sarmentero MA. Hybrid cavitand-resorcin[4]arene receptor for the selective binding of choline and related compounds in protic media. Org Lett 2007; 8:3477-80. [PMID: 16869639 DOI: 10.1021/ol061097i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] A hybrid cavitand-resorcin[4]arene receptor capable of displaying pH-modulated binding affinity toward trimethylalkylammonium ions is proposed as an alternative to the low selectivity exhibited by other receptors used in supramolecular fluorescent sensor systems for choline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ballester
- ICREA and Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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29
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Kay ER, Leigh DA, Zerbetto F. Synthetic molecular motors and mechanical machines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:72-191. [PMID: 17133632 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200504313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2048] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of controlled molecular-level motion in key natural processes suggests that great rewards could come from bridging the gap between the present generation of synthetic molecular systems, which by and large rely upon electronic and chemical effects to carry out their functions, and the machines of the macroscopic world, which utilize the synchronized movements of smaller parts to perform specific tasks. This is a scientific area of great contemporary interest and extraordinary recent growth, yet the notion of molecular-level machines dates back to a time when the ideas surrounding the statistical nature of matter and the laws of thermodynamics were first being formulated. Here we outline the exciting successes in taming molecular-level movement thus far, the underlying principles that all experimental designs must follow, and the early progress made towards utilizing synthetic molecular structures to perform tasks using mechanical motion. We also highlight some of the issues and challenges that still need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan R Kay
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, UK
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30
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Luostarinen M, Nissinen M, Nieger M, Shivanyuk A, Rissanen K. Regioselective acylation of aminoresorcinarenes. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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Kay E, Leigh D, Zerbetto F. Synthetische molekulare Motoren und mechanische Maschinen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200504313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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32
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Gembus A, Corzilius B, Eichel RA, Dinse KP, Immel S, Stumm D, Flauaus M, Plenio H. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Structure Investigation of Copper Complexation in a Hemicarcerand. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:15012-20. [PMID: 16869616 DOI: 10.1021/jp062158x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The double-bridged hemicarcerand [A,B-(CH2OH)2-cavitand]-(CH2NHCH2)2-[A,B-(CH2OH)2-cavitand] 23 (and several other related compounds) was synthesized by the condensation of the two complementary precursors A,B-(CH2NH2)2(CH2OH)2-cavitand and A,B-(CH2Br)2(CH2OAc)2-cavitand followed by hydrolysis of the acetate groups. This hemicarcerand has nitrogen and oxygen donor atoms located on the interior of the spherical cavity and thus allows endohedral coordination of metal ions. The cavity has a volume of approximately 0.12 nm3, a value obtained by calculating a Connolly-type contact surface and the molecular electrostatic potential. The Cu2+ complex of hemicarcerand 23 was studied in detail by EPR and DFT calculations at the UB3LYP/6-31G level to verify the anticipated endohedral nature of the metal complex. It could be shown that the copper ion is coordinated to four oxygen donor atoms and no deviation from axial symmetry at the copper site could be detected. No direct coordination to nitrogen atoms of the hemicarcerand could be observed; however, complexation with DMF solvent molecules was detected by ESEEM and HYSCORE experiments. The closed structure of the hemicarcerand was also confirmed by an evaluation of proton-copper distances. Results from DFT calculations are in accord with the EPR results, and further support suggested coordination of the Cu(II) within the hemicarcerand cavity by four oxygen donor atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gembus
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Petersenstr. 19-21, and Clemens-Schöpf-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Petersenstr. 22, Darmstadt University of Technology, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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33
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Roncucci P, Pirondini L, Paderni G, Massera C, Dalcanale E, Azov VA, Diederich F. Conformational Behavior of Pyrazine-Bridged and Mixed-Bridged Cavitands: A General Model for Solvent Effects on Thermal “Vase–Kite” Switching. Chemistry 2006; 12:4775-84. [PMID: 16671048 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The controllable switching of suitably bridged resorcin[4]arene cavitands between a "vase" conformation, with a cavity capable of guest inclusion, and a "kite" conformation, featuring an extended flattened surface, provides the basis for ongoing developments of dynamic molecular receptors, sensors, and molecular machines. This paper describes the synthesis, X-ray crystallographic characterization, and NMR analysis of the "vase-kite" switching behavior of a fully pyrazine-bridged cavitand and five other mixed-bridged quinoxaline-bridged cavitands with one methylene, phosphonate, or phosphate bridge. The pyrazine-bridged resorcin[4]arene cavitand displayed an unexpectedly high preference for the kite conformation in nonpolar solvents, relative to the quinoxaline-bridged analogue. This observation led to extensive solvent-dependent switching studies that provide a detailed picture of how solvent affects the thermal vase-kite equilibration. As for any thermodynamic process in the liquid phase, the conformational equilibrium is affected by how the solvent stabilizes the two individual states. Suitably sized solvents (benzene and derivatives) solvate the cavity of the vase form and reduce the propensity for the vase-to-kite transition. Correspondingly, the kite geometry becomes preferred in bulky solvents such as mesitylene, incapable of penetrating the vase cavity. As proposed earlier by Cram, the kite form is preferred at low temperatures due to the more favorable enthalpy of solvation of the enlarged surface. Furthermore, the kite conformation is more preferred in solvents with substantial hydrogen-bonding acidity: weak hydrogen-bonding interactions between the mildly basic quinoxaline and pyrazine nitrogen atoms and solvent molecules are more efficient in the open kite than in the closed vase form. Vase-to-kite conversion is entirely absent in dipolar aprotic solvents lacking any H-bonding acidity. Thermal vase-kite switching requires fully quinoxaline- or pyrazine-bridged cavitands, whereas pH-controlled switching is also applicable to systems incorporating only two or three such bridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Roncucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica ed Industriale and Unità INSTM, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, 43100 Parma, Italy
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Hooley RJ, Van Anda HJ, Rebek J. Cavitands with Revolving Doors Regulate Binding Selectivities and Rates in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:3894-5. [PMID: 16551081 DOI: 10.1021/ja058727g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble self-folding cavitand has been prepared, featuring four benzoate groups attached to the open end. These benzoates act as rapidly "revolving doors" to the cavity. The cavitand shows increased selectivity for small hydrophobic guests and slower rates of guest exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Hooley
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute MB-26, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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35
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Dignam CF, Zopf JJ, Richards CJ, Wenzel TJ. Water-Soluble Calix[4]resorcarenes as Enantioselective NMR Shift Reagents for Aromatic Compounds. J Org Chem 2005; 70:8071-8. [PMID: 16277329 DOI: 10.1021/jo051267p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A tetra L-prolinylmethyl derivative of a tetra-sulfonated calix[4]resorcarene (1) is an effective chiral NMR solvating agent for water-soluble compounds with phenyl, pyridyl, bicyclic aromatic, or indole rings. These aromatic compounds form host-guest complexes with the calix[4]resorcarene in water. Complexation of substrates with the calix[4]resorcarene is likely promoted by hydrophobic effects, and bicyclic substrates have association constants with the calix[4]resorcarene larger than those of similar phenyl-containing compounds. Aromatic resonances of the substrates show substantial upfield shifts because of shielding from the aromatic rings of the calix[4]resorcarene, and several resonances in the 1H NMR spectra typically exhibit enantiomeric discrimination. The extent of enantiomeric discrimination depends in part on interactions of the substituent groups of the substrates with the prolinylmethyl groups of the calix[4]resorcarene. The effectiveness of a calix[4]resorcarene prepared from N-methyl-L-alanine (2) as a chiral NMR discriminating agent is compared to the L-prolinylmethyl derivative.
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36
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Lagugné-Labarthet F, An YQ, Yu T, Shen YR, Dalcanale E, Shenoy DK. Proton driven vase-to-kite conformational change in cavitands at an air-water interface monitored by surface SHG. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:7066-70. [PMID: 16042423 DOI: 10.1021/la050821n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The conformational changes of quinoxaline-bridged cavitands deposited as Langmuir films were monitored at different pH values of the subphase using surface second harmonic generation during the compression of the monolayer at the water surface. A quantitative analysis of the susceptibility tensor elements was performed for methylene (MeCav)- and quinoxaline (QxCav)-bridged cavitands for pH values varying between 5.7 and 0.1. For MeCav (reference compound), no significant changes were observed for different pHs, confirming that the cavity does not undergo protonation or a drastic conformational change. For the QxCav, however, the results suggest a partial opening of the cavity on the basis of analysis of the compression curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Lagugné-Labarthet
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 366 Leconte Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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37
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Choi HJ, Park YS, Song J, Youn SJ, Kim HS, Kim SH, Koh K, Paek K. Structural Properties of Benzimidazole Cavitand and Its Selective Recognition toward 4-Methylbenzamide over 4-Methylanilide. J Org Chem 2005; 70:5974-81. [PMID: 16018693 DOI: 10.1021/jo0506478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The conformations and properties of cavitand 5 with four benzimidazole flaps are studied by (1)H NMR. The benzimidazole cavitand 5 can form very stable vase structures with an enforced concave cavity by intermolecular hydrogen bonding with four hydroxyl-containing molecules, X-OH, such as methanol (X = Me), acetic acid (X = CH(3)CO), and trifluoroacetic acid (X = CF(3)CO). The stronger hydrogen bond donor strengths of X-OH are, the stronger hydrogen bonds are formed between the NH and N atoms of the neighboring benzimidazole fragments and the more vase structures of 5.4HOX are stable. The annular tautomerism of 5 in CDCl(3)/CD(3)OD (9:1, v/v) due to the proton exchange between NH and N atoms of the neighboring benzimidazole fragments is observed by 400 MHz (1)H NMR, and the free energy of activation is measured as DeltaG++(210) = 10.2 kcal/mol at a coalescence temperature of 210 K. Cavitand 5 forms inclusion complexes with 4-methylbezamide guests such as 4-methyl-N-p-tolylbenzamide 6 and N,4-dimethylbenzamide 7 in water-saturated CDCl(3). However, an isomorphic 4-methylanilide guest such as N-4-tolylacetamide 8 cannot be recognized in the concave cavity of 5. This high selectivity toward 4-methylbenzamide over 4-methylanilide seems attributable to the hydrogen-binding interaction between the NH proton of 4-methylbezamide guest 7 and the oxygen atom of the closest water molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heung-Jin Choi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.
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38
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Molecular Engineering. Part 10. Solution Behavior of Nanosize Coordination Molecular Capsules. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2005. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2005.26.5.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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Rare earth thiocyanate complexes with tripiperidinophosphine oxide: synthesis and characterization. Crystal structure of Pr(SCN)3(tpppO)3. Inorganica Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2004.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Efficient Synthesis and Characterization of Tetrakis(p-cyanophenyl)cavitand Based on Resorcin[4]arene. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2005. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2005.26.1.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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41
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Haas CH, Biros SM, Rebek J. Binding properties of cavitands in aqueous solution—the influence of charge on guest selectivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:6044-5. [PMID: 16333522 DOI: 10.1039/b513408k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The charge of the upper rim has influences on the binding properties of cavitands in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens H Haas
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and the Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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42
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Bakirci H, Koner AL, Nau WM. Binding of inorganic cations by p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene monitored through competitive fluorophore displacement in aqueous solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:5411-3. [PMID: 16261230 DOI: 10.1039/b510319c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new working principle for detecting inorganic cation binding by water-soluble calix[4]arenes involves the displacement of a fluorescent azoalkane as guest. Fluorescence regeneration is observed for various metal ions, and binding of monovalent cations (alkali and ammonium) to p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene is detected and quantified for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin Bakirci
- School of Engineering and Science, International University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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43
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Simple route to secondary amides of phosphorylacetic acids and their use for extraction and sorption of actinides from nitric acid solutions. Russ Chem Bull 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-005-0146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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44
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Dueno EE, Bisht KS. Synthesis of polyhydroxy cavitands and intramolecular inclusion of their octaester derivatives. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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45
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Biros SM, Ullrich EC, Hof F, Trembleau L, Rebek J. Kinetically stable complexes in water: the role of hydration and hydrophobicity. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:2870-6. [PMID: 14995204 DOI: 10.1021/ja038823m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe here the synthesis and characterization of a molecular receptor that forms kinetically and thermodynamically stable host-guest complexes in water. This cavitand-based host is composed of a preorganized aromatic pocket whose rim is decorated with four negatively charged carboxylate groups. (1)H NMR and isothermal titration calorimetry have been used to characterize the behavior of the resulting complexes in response to changes in pH, buffer identity, and salt concentration and in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Biros
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and the Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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46
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47
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Ballester P, Shivanyuk A, Far AR, Rebek J. A synthetic receptor for choline and carnitine. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:14014-6. [PMID: 12440898 DOI: 10.1021/ja0282689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic receptor is described with the appropriate shape and size for alkylated trimethylammonium ions such as choline and carnitine. The structure features a deep, concave binding site, lined with aromatic walls that provide cation-pi interactions between host and guest. Molecular mechanic calculations suggest that the host's shape is maintained through intermolecular hydrogen bonding with DMSO solvent molecules. The cavity is too small to accommodate larger ions. Choline and carnitine are recognized and bound with high affinity even though no complementary charges are involved in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ballester
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, MB-26, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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