1
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Shao A, Li R, Li Y, Zhang X, Jiang Y, Lin A, Ni J. Construction of HaloTag-based macromolecular probe for multiple logic gates and photoactivatable bioimaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:135043. [PMID: 39182891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Protein bioconjugation has emerged as one of the most valuable tools for the development of protein-based biochemical assays. Herein, we report a fluorescent macromolecular probe RF12_POI, in which the coumarin derivative RF12 is specifically conjugated onto the HaloTag fused protein of interest (POI) to achieve a dual stimuli-mediated fluorescence response. RF12 is first obtained by installing a photo-cleavable 1-ethyl-2-nitrobenzyl group onto the C7 hydroxy moiety of coumarin fluorophore with a HaloTag ligand attaching to the acid-labile 1,3-dioxane moiety. Upon stimulation, RF12_Halo exhibits a sequential fluorescence response to photon/H+ on both liquid and solid interfaces. Through the conjugation of RF12 onto the GFP_Halo protein, RF12_GFP_Halo presents a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from photo-cleaved RF12 to GFP in the protein complex. Furthermore, by utilizing the stimuli-responsive fluorescence characteristics of coumarin derivatives RF12 (photon/H+) and RF16 (H2O2/H+), we construct RF12/RF16_POI based protein films and achieve multiple applications of logic circuits, including AND, OR, XOR, INHIBIT, Half-adder or Half-subtractor. In these circuits, the output value of I/I0 is dependent on the input sequence of photon, H2O2, and H+. Additionally, we evaluate the fluorescence labeling ability of RF12 to intracellular IRE1_Halo protein and demonstrate that RF12 containing the HaloTag ligand could be precisely retained in cells to track IRE1_Halo protein. Hence, we provide a unique structural design strategy to construct fluorescence dual-responsive macromolecules for information encryption and cellular protein visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andong Shao
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Runqi Li
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yaxi Li
- Department of Radiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Xuekun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ang Lin
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Jianming Ni
- Department of Radiology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi 214002, China.
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2
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Choi JH, Kim S, Kang OY, Choi SY, Hyun JY, Lee HS, Shin I. Selective fluorescent labeling of cellular proteins and its biological applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:9446-9489. [PMID: 39109465 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00094c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Proteins, which are ubiquitous in cells and critical to almost all cellular functions, are indispensable for life. Fluorescence imaging of proteins is key to understanding their functions within their native milieu, as it provides insights into protein localization, dynamics, and trafficking in living systems. Consequently, the selective labeling of target proteins with fluorophores has emerged as a highly active research area, encompassing bioorganic chemistry, chemical biology, and cell biology. Various methods for selectively labeling proteins with fluorophores in cells and tissues have been established and are continually being developed to visualize and characterize proteins. This review highlights research findings reported since 2018, with a focus on the selective labeling of cellular proteins with small organic fluorophores and their biological applications in studying protein-associated biological events. We also discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each labeling approach for their utility in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hee Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sooin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 04107 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - On-Yu Kang
- Department of Drug Discovery, Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Yun Choi
- Department of Drug Discovery, Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Hyun
- Department of Drug Discovery, Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 04107 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Sun T, Zhao H, Hu L, Shao X, Lu Z, Wang Y, Ling P, Li Y, Zeng K, Chen Q. Enhanced optical imaging and fluorescent labeling for visualizing drug molecules within living organisms. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2428-2446. [PMID: 38828150 PMCID: PMC11143489 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The visualization of drugs in living systems has become key techniques in modern therapeutics. Recent advancements in optical imaging technologies and molecular design strategies have revolutionized drug visualization. At the subcellular level, super-resolution microscopy has allowed exploration of the molecular landscape within individual cells and the cellular response to drugs. Moving beyond subcellular imaging, researchers have integrated multiple modes, like optical near-infrared II imaging, to study the complex spatiotemporal interactions between drugs and their surroundings. By combining these visualization approaches, researchers gain supplementary information on physiological parameters, metabolic activity, and tissue composition, leading to a comprehensive understanding of drug behavior. This review focuses on cutting-edge technologies in drug visualization, particularly fluorescence imaging, and the main types of fluorescent molecules used. Additionally, we discuss current challenges and prospects in targeted drug research, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary cooperation in advancing drug visualization. With the integration of advanced imaging technology and molecular design, drug visualization has the potential to redefine our understanding of pharmacology, enabling the analysis of drug micro-dynamics in subcellular environments from new perspectives and deepening pharmacological research to the levels of the cell and organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Huanxin Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Luyao Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xintian Shao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
- School of Life Sciences, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Zhiyuan Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- Tianjin Pharmaceutical DA REN TANG Group Corporation Limited Traditional Chinese Pharmacy Research Institute, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Peixue Ling
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Postdoctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Jinan 250098, China
| | - Yubo Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Kewu Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qixin Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
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4
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Seul N, Lamade D, Stoychev P, Mijic M, Michenfelder RT, Rieger L, Geng P, Wagenknecht HA. Cyclopropenes as Chemical Reporters for Dual Bioorthogonal and Orthogonal Metabolic Labeling of DNA. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403044. [PMID: 38517205 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Dual bioorthogonal labeling enables the investigation and understanding of interactions in the biological environment that are not accessible by a single label. However, applying two bioorthogonal reactions in the same environment remains challenging due to cross-reactivity. We developed a pair of differently modified 2'-deoxynucleosides that solved this issue for dual and orthogonal labeling of DNA. Inverse-electron demand Diels-Alder and photoclick reactions were combined to attach two different fluorogenic labels to genomic DNA in cells. Using a small synthetic library of 1- and 3-methylcyclopropenyl-modified 2'-deoxynucleosides, two 2'-deoxyuridines were identified to be the fastest-reacting ones for each of the two bioorthogonal reactions. Their orthogonal reactivity could be evidenced in vitro. Primer extension experiments were performed with both 2'-deoxyuridines investigating their replication properties as substitutes for thymidine and evaluating subsequent labeling reactions on the DNA level. Finally, dual, orthogonal and metabolic fluorescent labeling of genomic DNA was demonstrated in HeLa cells. An experimental procedure was developed combining intracellular transport and metabolic DNA incorporation of the two 2'-deoxyuridines with the subsequent dual bioorthogonal labeling using a fluorogenic cyanine-styryl tetrazine and a fluorogenic pyrene-tetrazole. These results are fundamental for advanced metabolic labeling strategies for nucleic acids in the future, especially for live cell experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Seul
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dennis Lamade
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Petko Stoychev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michaela Mijic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rita T Michenfelder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lisa Rieger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Philipp Geng
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hans-Achim Wagenknecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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5
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Fang Y, Hillman AS, Fox JM. Advances in the Synthesis of Bioorthogonal Reagents: s-Tetrazines, 1,2,4-Triazines, Cyclooctynes, Heterocycloheptynes, and trans-Cyclooctenes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:15. [PMID: 38703255 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Aligned with the increasing importance of bioorthogonal chemistry has been an increasing demand for more potent, affordable, multifunctional, and programmable bioorthogonal reagents. More advanced synthetic chemistry techniques, including transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, C-H activation, photoinduced chemistry, and continuous flow chemistry, have been employed in synthesizing novel bioorthogonal reagents for universal purposes. We discuss herein recent developments regarding the synthesis of popular bioorthogonal reagents, with a focus on s-tetrazines, 1,2,4-triazines, trans-cyclooctenes, cyclooctynes, hetero-cycloheptynes, and -trans-cycloheptenes. This review aims to summarize and discuss the most representative synthetic approaches of these reagents and their derivatives that are useful in bioorthogonal chemistry. The preparation of these molecules and their derivatives utilizes both classical approaches as well as the latest organic chemistry methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzhi Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.
| | - Ashlyn S Hillman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE, 19713, USA
| | - Joseph M Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.
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6
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Işık M, Kısaçam MA. Readily Accessible and Brightly Fluorogenic BODIPY/NBD-Tetrazines via S NAr Reactions. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6513-6519. [PMID: 38598957 PMCID: PMC11077493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
We describe SNAr reactions of some commercial amino-tetrazines and halo-dyes, which give efficiently quenched BODIPY/NBD-tetrazines (ΦFl < 0.01) in high yields and, importantly, with high purities affordable via simple silica gel chromatography only. The dyes exhibit large Stokes shifts, moderate environmental sensitivity, and emission enhancements (up to 193-fold) upon Tz ligation with BCN─a strained dienophile. They successfully serve as labels for HSA protein premodified with BCN, resulting in bright blue-green emission upon ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Işık
- Department
of Food Engineering, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Ali Kısaçam
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, 31060 Hatay, Türkiye
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7
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Dai L, Zhou S, Yang C, Li J, Wang Y, Qin M, Pan L, Zhang D, Qian Z, Wu H. A bioorthogonal cell sorting strategy for isolation of desired cell phenotypes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1916-1919. [PMID: 38259188 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05604j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Here we describe a cost-effective and simplified cell sorting method using tetrazine bioorthogonal chemistry. We successfully isolated SKOV3 cells from complex mixtures, demonstrating efficacy in separating mouse lymphocytes expressing interferon and HeLa cells expressing virally transduced green fluorescent protein post-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Dai
- Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Siming Zhou
- Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yayue Wang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meng Qin
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lili Pan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Haoxing Wu
- Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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8
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Jiang Y, Li R, Ren F, Yang S, Shao A. Coumarin-Conjugated Macromolecular Probe for Sequential Stimuli-Mediated Activation. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:72-79. [PMID: 38091529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Protein bioconjugation has emerged as one of the most valuable tools for the development of protein-based biochemical assays. Here, we report a fluorescent macromolecular material, RF16_Halo, in which the coumarin derivative RF16 is specifically conjugated onto HaloTag protein to achieve a dual-stimuli-mediated fluorescence response. RF16 is first obtained by installing a H2O2-sensitive boron cage onto the C7 hydroxy moiety of the coumarin fluorophore with a HaloTag ligand attaching to the pH-labile 1,3-dioxane moiety. Upon stimulation, RF16_Halo exhibits a sequential fluorescence response to H2O2/pH at both liquid and solid interfaces. The fluorescence of the RF16_Halo-based protein film increases linearly toward H2O2 with a higher sensitivity when compared with that of RF16. Subsequently, the H2O2-cleaved RF16_Halo presents a pH-dependent fluorescence decrease under acidic conditions. Such a stimulus-responsive fluorescence "off-on-off" multimode enables RF16_Halo to be applied as a sequential logic circuit. In addition, we evaluate the fluorescence labeling ability of RF16 to intracellular IRE1_Halo protein and demonstrate that RF16 containing the HaloTag ligand could be precisely retained in cells to track IRE1_Halo protein. Hence, we provide a unique structural design strategy to construct a fluorescence dual-responsive macromolecular probe for information encryption and protein tracking in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Runqi Li
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fei Ren
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shuke Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Andong Shao
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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9
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Lee CH, Park S, Kim S, Hyun JY, Lee HS, Shin I. Engineering of cell-surface receptors for analysis of receptor internalization and detection of receptor-specific glycosylation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:555-565. [PMID: 38179521 PMCID: PMC10762726 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05054h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a cell-surface glycoprotein that is involved mainly in cell proliferation. Overexpression of this receptor is intimately related to the development of a broad spectrum of tumors. In addition, glycans linked to the EGFR are known to affect its EGF-induced activation. Because of the pathophysiological significance of the EGFR, we prepared a fluorescently labeled EGFR (EGFR128-AZDye 488) on the cell surface by employing the genetic code expansion technique and bioorthogonal chemistry. EGFR128-AZDye 488 was initially utilized to investigate time-dependent endocytosis of the EGFR in live cells. The results showed that an EGFR inhibitor and antibody suppress endocytosis of the EGFR promoted by the EGF, and that lectins recognizing glycans of the EGFR do not enhance EGFR internalization into cells. Observations made in studies of the effects of appended glycans on the entry of the EGFR into cells indicate that a de-sialylated or de-fucosylated EGFR is internalized into cells more efficiently than a wild-type EGFR. Furthermore, by using the FRET-based imaging method of cells which contain an EGFR linked to AZDye 488 (a FRET donor) and cellular glycans labeled with rhodamine (a FRET acceptor), sialic acid residues attached to the EGFR were specifically detected on the live cell surface. Taken together, the results suggest that a fluorescently labeled EGFR will be a valuable tool in studies aimed at gaining an understanding of cellular functions of the EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Sookil Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Sanggil Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University Seoul 04107 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Hyun
- Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University Seoul 04107 Republic of Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
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10
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Deng B, Xue J. HIV infection detection using CRISPR/Cas systems: Present and future prospects. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4409-4423. [PMID: 37711183 PMCID: PMC10498128 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection poses substantial medical risks to global public health. An essential strategy to combat the HIV epidemic is timely and effective virus testing. CRISPR-based assays combine the highly compatible CRISPR system with different elements, yielding portability, digitization capabilities, low economic burden and low operational thresholds. The application of CRISPR-based assays has demonstrated rapid, accurate, and accessible means of pathogen testing, suggesting great potential as point-of-care (POC) assays. This review outlines the different types of CRISPR/Cas systems based on Cas proteins and their applications for the detection of HIV. Additionally, we also offer an overview of future perspectives on CRISPR-based methods for HIV detection, including advances in nucleic acid amplification-free testing, improved personal testing, and refined testing for HIV genotypes and drug-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingpeng Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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11
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Alexander AK, Elshahawi SI. Promiscuous Enzymes for Residue-Specific Peptide and Protein Late-Stage Functionalization. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300372. [PMID: 37338668 PMCID: PMC10496146 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The late-stage functionalization of peptides and proteins holds significant promise for drug discovery and facilitates bioorthogonal chemistry. This selective functionalization leads to innovative advances in in vitro and in vivo biological research. However, it is a challenging endeavor to selectively target a certain amino acid or position in the presence of other residues containing reactive groups. Biocatalysis has emerged as a powerful tool for selective, efficient, and economical modifications of molecules. Enzymes that have the ability to modify multiple complex substrates or selectively install nonnative handles have wide applications. Herein, we highlight enzymes with broad substrate tolerance that have been demonstrated to modify a specific amino acid residue in simple or complex peptides and/or proteins at late-stage. The different substrates accepted by these enzymes are mentioned together with the reported downstream bioorthogonal reactions that have benefited from the enzymatic selective modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K Alexander
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Sherif I Elshahawi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
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12
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Liu S, Ling J, Chen P, Cao C, Peng L, Zhang Y, Ji G, Guo Y, Chen PR, Zou P, Chen Z. Orange/far-red hybrid voltage indicators with reduced phototoxicity enable reliable long-term imaging in neurons and cardiomyocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306950120. [PMID: 37590412 PMCID: PMC10450445 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306950120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid voltage indicators (HVIs) are chemogenetic sensors that combines the superior photophysical properties of organic dyes and the genetic targetability of protein sensors to report transient membrane voltage changes. They exhibit boosted sensitivity in excitable cells such as neurons and cardiomyocytes. However, the voltage signals recorded during long-term imaging are severely diminished or distorted due to phototoxicity and photobleaching issues. To capture stable electrophysiological activities over a long time, we employ cyanine dyes conjugated with a cyclooctatetraene (COT) molecule as the fluorescence reporter of HVI. The resulting orange-emitting HVI-COT-Cy3 enables high-fidelity voltage imaging for up to 30 min in cultured primary neurons with a sensitivity of ~ -30% ΔF/F0 per action potential (AP). It also maximally preserves the signal of individual APs in cardiomyocytes. The far-red-emitting HVI-COT-Cy5 allows two-color voltage/calcium imaging with GCaMP6s in neurons and cardiomyocytes for 15 min. We leverage the HVI-COT series with reduced phototoxicity and photobleaching to evaluate the impact of drug candidates on the electrophysiology of excitable cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research at Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Jing Ling
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Peking University-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing211800, China
- Genvivo Biotech, Nanjing211800, China
| | - Chang Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Luxin Peng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Guangshen Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Yingna Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Peng R. Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Peng Zou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research at Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing102206, China
| | - Zhixing Chen
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking University-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing211800, China
- Genvivo Biotech, Nanjing211800, China
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13
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Spampinato A, Kužmová E, Pohl R, Sýkorová V, Vrábel M, Kraus T, Hocek M. trans-Cyclooctene- and Bicyclononyne-Linked Nucleotides for Click Modification of DNA with Fluorogenic Tetrazines and Live Cell Metabolic Labeling and Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2023. [PMID: 36972479 PMCID: PMC10119924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
A series of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) bearing 2- or 4-linked trans-cyclooctene (TCO) or bicyclononyne (BCN) tethered through a shorter propargylcarbamate or longer triethyleneglycol-based spacer were designed and synthesized. They were found to be good substrates for KOD XL DNA polymerase for primer extension enzymatic synthesis of modified oligonucleotides. We systematically tested and compared the reactivity of TCO- and BCN-modified nucleotides and DNA with several fluorophore-containing tetrazines in inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) click reactions to show that the longer linker is crucial for efficient labeling. The modified dNTPs were transported into live cells using the synthetic transporter SNTT1, incubated for 1 h, and then treated with tetrazine conjugates. The PEG3-linked 4TCO and BCN nucleotides showed efficient incorporation into genomic DNA and good reactivity in the IEDDA click reaction with tetrazines to allow staining of DNA and imaging of DNA synthesis in live cells within time periods as short as 15 min. The BCN-linked nucleotide in combination with TAMRA-linked (TAMRA = carboxytetramethylrhodamine) tetrazine was also efficiently used for staining of DNA for flow cytometry. This methodology is a new approach for in cellulo metabolic labeling and imaging of DNA synthesis which is shorter, operationally simple, and overcomes several problems of previously used methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Spampinato
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, Prague 6 CZ-16610, Czech Republic
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, Prague 2 12843, Czech Republic
| | - Erika Kužmová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, Prague 6 CZ-16610, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, Prague 6 CZ-16610, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Sýkorová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, Prague 6 CZ-16610, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Vrábel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, Prague 6 CZ-16610, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kraus
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, Prague 6 CZ-16610, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Hocek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Namesti 2, Prague 6 CZ-16610, Czech Republic
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, Prague 2 12843, Czech Republic
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14
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Ma B, Niu W, Guo J. Proximity-enhanced protein crosslinking through an alkene-tetrazine reaction. Bioorg Chem 2023; 132:106359. [PMID: 36642019 PMCID: PMC9957846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (iEDDA) reaction between a tetrazine and a strained alkene has been widely explored as useful bioorthogonal chemistry for selective labeling of biomolecules. In this work, we exploit the slow reaction between a non-conjugated terminal alkene and a tetrazine, and apply this reaction to achieving a proximity-enhanced protein crosslinking. In one protein subunit, a terminal alkene-containing amino acid was site-specifically incorporated in response to an amber nonsense codon. In another protein subunit, a tetrazine moiety was introduced through the attachment to a cysteine residue. Fast protein crosslinking was achieved due to a large increase in effective molarity of the two reactants that were brought to close proximity by the two interacting protein subunits. Such a proximity-enhanced protein crosslinking is useful for the study of protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States
| | - Wei Niu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States
| | - Jiantao Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States; The Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication (NCIBC), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States.
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15
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Maujean T, Wagner P, Valencia C, Riché S, Iturrioz X, Villa P, Girard N, Karpenko J, Gulea M, Bonnet D. Rapid and Highly Selective Fluorescent Labeling of Peptides via a Thia-Diels-Alder Cycloaddition: Application to Apelin. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:162-168. [PMID: 36534753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a catalyst-free thia-Diels-Alder cycloaddition for the chemoselective labeling of fully deprotected phosphonodithioester-peptides in solution with fluorophores functionalized with an exocyclic diene. The reaction was optimized on the model tripeptide 1 containing a lysine residue, which enabled its rapid and straightforward labeling with three different fluorophores (fluorescein, lissamine rhodamine B, and squaraine) in very mild conditions (H2O/iPrOH, 37 °C, 1 h). The reaction was then successfully applied to the chemoselective labeling of fully deprotected apelin-13 with squaraine dye. The resulting fluorescent ligand 18 exhibited a high affinity (0.17 ± 0.03 nM) for apelinR. It enabled the development of time-resolved FRET-based competition assays for high-throughput screening and drug discovery. Thanks to its fluorogenic properties, ligand 18 was also successfully involved in the live-cell optical imaging of apelinR in no-wash conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothé Maujean
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, LIT UMR 7200, F-67400 Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, LIT UMR 7200, F-67400 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christel Valencia
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, PCBIS Plateforme de chimie biologie intégrative de Strasbourg, UAR 3286, F-67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Stéphanie Riché
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, LIT UMR 7200, F-67400 Strasbourg, France
| | - Xavier Iturrioz
- CEA, Institute of Biology and Technology, Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pascal Villa
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, PCBIS Plateforme de chimie biologie intégrative de Strasbourg, UAR 3286, F-67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Nicolas Girard
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, LIT UMR 7200, F-67400 Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Karpenko
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, LIT UMR 7200, F-67400 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mihaela Gulea
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, LIT UMR 7200, F-67400 Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, LIT UMR 7200, F-67400 Strasbourg, France
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16
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Schlein E, Syvänen S, Rokka J, Gustavsson T, Rossin R, Robillard M, Eriksson J, Sehlin D. Functionalization of Radiolabeled Antibodies to Enhance Peripheral Clearance for High Contrast Brain Imaging. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4111-4122. [PMID: 36201682 PMCID: PMC9644377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule imaging agents such as [11C]PiB, which bind to the core of insoluble amyloid-β (Aβ) fibrils, are useful tools in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research, diagnostics, and drug development. However, the [11C]PiB PET signal saturates early in the disease progression and does not detect soluble or diffuse Aβ pathology which are believed to play important roles in the disease progression. Antibodies, modified into a bispecific format to enter the brain via receptor-mediated transcytosis, could be a suitable alternative because of their diversity and high specificity for their target. However, the circulation time of these antibodies is long, resulting in an extended exposure to radiation and low imaging contrast. Here, we explore two alternative strategies to enhance imaging contrast by increasing clearance of the antibody ligand from blood. The bispecific Aβ targeting antibody RmAb158-scFv8D3 and the monospecific RmAb158 were radiolabeled and functionalized with either α-d-mannopyranosylphenyl isothiocyanate (mannose) or with trans-cyclooctene (TCO). While mannose can directly mediate antibody clearance via the liver, TCO-modified antibody clearance was induced by injection of a tetrazine-functionalized, liver-targeting clearing agent (CA). In vivo experiments in wild type and AD transgenic mice demonstrated the ability of both strategies to drastically shorten the circulation time of RmAb158, while they had limited effect on the bispecific variant RmAb158-8D3. Furthermore, single photon emission computed tomography imaging with TCO-[125I]I-RmAb158 in AD mice showed higher contrast 1 day after injection of the tetrazine-functionalized CA. In conclusion, strategies to enhance the clearance of antibody-based imaging ligands could allow imaging at earlier time points and thereby open the possibility to combine antibodies with short-lived radionuclides such as fluorine-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schlein
- Department
of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala
University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stina Syvänen
- Department
of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala
University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Rokka
- Department
of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala
University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tobias Gustavsson
- Department
of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala
University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Raffaella Rossin
- Tagworks
Pharmaceuticals, Toernooiveld
1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marc Robillard
- Tagworks
Pharmaceuticals, Toernooiveld
1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jonas Eriksson
- PET
Centre, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dag Sehlin
- Department
of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala
University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Tam LKB, He L, Ng DKP, Cheung PCK, Lo P. A Tumor‐Targeting Dual‐Stimuli‐Activatable Photodynamic Molecular Beacon for Precise Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201652. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leo K. B. Tam
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Lin He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Peter C. K. Cheung
- School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Pui‐Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong China
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18
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Bringing together the best of chemistry and biology: hybrid indicators for imaging neuronal membrane potential. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 363:109348. [PMID: 34480955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Membrane potential is an indispensable biophysical signal in neurobiology. Imaging neuronal electrical signals with fluorescent indicators allows for non-invasive recording at high spatial resolution. Over the past decades, both genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) and organic voltage sensing dyes (OVSDs) have been developed to achieve imaging membrane potential dynamics in cultured neurons and in vivo. More recently, hybrid voltage indicators have gained increasing attention due to their superior fluorescent quantum yield and photostability as compared to conventional GEVIs. In this mini-review, we summarize the design, characterization and biological applications of hybrid voltage indicators, and discuss future improvements.
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19
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Schirer A, Rouch A, Marcheteau E, Stojko J, Sophie Landron, Jeantet E, Fould B, Ferry G, Boutin JA. Further assessments of ligase LplA-mediated modifications of proteins in vitro and in cellulo. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:149-161. [PMID: 34718939 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06853-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttranslational modifications of proteins are catalyzed by a large family of enzymes catalyzing many chemical modifications. One can hijack the natural use of those enzymes to modify targeted proteins with synthetic chemical moieties. The lipoic acid ligase LplA mutants can be used to introduce onto the lysine sidechain lipoic acid moiety synthetic analogues. Substrate protein candidates of the ligase must obey a few a priori rules. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present report, we technically detailed the use of a cell line stably expressing both the ligase and a model protein (thioredoxin). Although the goal can be reach, and the protein visualized in situ, many experimental difficulties must be fixed. The sequence of events comprises (i) in cellulo labeling of the target protein with a N3-lipoic acid derivative catalyzed by the mutant ligase, (ii) the further introduction by click chemistry onto this lysine sidechain of a fluorophore and (iii) the following of the labeled protein in living cells. One of the main difficulties was to assess the click chemistry step onto the living cells, because images from both control and experimental cells were similar. Alternatively, we describe at that stage, the preferred use of another technique: the Halo-Tag one that led to the obtention of clear images of the targeted protein in its cellular context. Although the ligase-mediated labeling of protein in situ is a rich domain for which many cellular tools must be developed, many difficulties must be considered before entering a systematic use of this approach. CONCLUSIONS In the present contribution, we added several steps of analytical characterization, both in vitro and in cellulo that were previously lacking. Furthermore, we show that the use of the click chemistry should be manipulated with care, as the claimed specificity might be not complete whenever living cells are used. Finally, we added another approach-the Halo Tag-to complete the previously suggested approaches for labelling proteins in cells, as we found difficult to strictly apply the previously reported methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Schirer
- PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie, Biologie, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France.,, Techno Parc de Thudinie 2, 6536, Thuin, Belgium
| | - Anne Rouch
- PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie, Biologie, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Estelle Marcheteau
- PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie, Biologie, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Johann Stojko
- PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie, Biologie, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Sophie Landron
- PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie, Biologie, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Elodie Jeantet
- PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie, Biologie, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Benjamin Fould
- PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie, Biologie, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Gilles Ferry
- PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie, Biologie, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jean A Boutin
- PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie, Biologie, Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290, Croissy-sur-Seine, France. .,Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, 50 rue Carnot, 92284, Suresnes, France. .,Faculté de Pharmacie, PHARMADEV (Pharmacochimie et Biologie Pour le Développement), Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 35 chemin des maraîchers, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
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20
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Liu S, Lin C, Xu Y, Luo H, Peng L, Zeng X, Zheng H, Chen PR, Zou P. A far-red hybrid voltage indicator enabled by bioorthogonal engineering of rhodopsin on live neurons. Nat Chem 2021; 13:472-479. [PMID: 33859392 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00641-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Membrane potential is a key aspect of cellular signalling and is dynamically regulated by an array of ion-selective pumps and channels. Fluorescent voltage indicators enable non-invasive optical recording of the cellular membrane potential with high spatial resolution. Here, we report a palette of bright and sensitive hybrid voltage indicators (HVIs) with fluorescence intensities sensitive to changes in membrane potential via electrochromic Förster resonance energy transfer. Enzyme-mediated site-specific incorporation of a probe, followed by an inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder cycloaddition, was used to create enhanced voltage-sensing rhodopsins with hybrid dye-protein architectures. The most sensitive indicator, HVI-Cy3, displays high voltage sensitivity (-39% ΔF/F0 per 100 mV) and millisecond response kinetics, enabling optical recording of action potentials at a sampling rate of 400 Hz over 10 min across a large neuronal population. The far-red indicator HVI-Cy5 could be paired with optogenetic actuators and green/red-emitting fluorescent indicators, allowing an all-optical investigation of neuronal electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Lin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huixin Luo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Luxin Peng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmei Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huangtao Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng R Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Peng Zou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China. .,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China. .,Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR), Beijing, China.
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21
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Choi SK, Kim J, Kim E. Overview of Syntheses and Molecular-Design Strategies for Tetrazine-Based Fluorogenic Probes. Molecules 2021; 26:1868. [PMID: 33810254 PMCID: PMC8037913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Various bioorthogonal chemistries have been used for fluorescent imaging owing to the advantageous reactions they employ. Recent advances in bioorthogonal chemistry have revolutionized labeling strategies for fluorescence imaging, with inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (iEDDA) reactions in particular attracting recent attention owing to their fast kinetics and excellent specificity. One of the most interesting features of the iEDDA labeling strategy is that tetrazine-functionalized dyes are known to act as fluorogenic probes. In this review, we will focus on the synthesis, molecular-design strategies, and bioimaging applications of tetrazine-functionalized fluorogenic probes. Traditional Pinner reaction and "Pinner-like" reactions for tetrazine synthesis are discussed here, as well as metal-catalyzed C-C bond formations with convenient tetrazine intermediates and the fabrication of tetrazine-conjugated fluorophores. In addition, four different quenching mechanisms for tetrazine-modified fluorophores are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Kee Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Jonghoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea
| | - Eunha Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea;
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22
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Ma Y, Mao G, Wu G, Cui Z, Zhang XE, Huang W. CRISPR-dCas9-Guided and Telomerase-Responsive Nanosystem for Precise Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7890-7896. [PMID: 33513005 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanodrug delivery systems are very promising for highly efficient anticancer drug delivery. However, the present nanosystems are commonly located in the cytoplasm and mediate uncontrolled release of drugs into cytosol, while a large number of anticancer drugs function more efficiently inside the nucleus. Here, we constructed a CRISPR-dCas9-guided and telomerase-responsive nanosystem for nuclear targeting and smart release of anticancer drugs. CRISPR-dCas9 technology has been employed to achieve conjugation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with a high payload of the active anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX). A specifically designed wrapping DNA was used as a telomerase-responsive biogate to encapsulate DOX within MSNs. The wrapping DNA is extended in the presence of telomerase, which is highly activated in tumor cells, but not in normal cells. The extended DNA sequence forms a rigid hairpin-like structure and diffuses away from the MSN surface. CRISPR-dCas9 specifically targets telomere-repetitive sequences at the tips of chromosomes, facilitating the precise delivery of the nanosystem to the nucleus, and effective drug release triggered by telomerase that was enriched around telomeric repeats. This study provides a strategy and nanosystem for nuclear-targeted delivery and tumor-specific release of anticancer drugs that will maximize the efficiency of cancer cell destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518055, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guobin Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guoqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zongqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xian-En Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Biological Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Weiren Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518055, China
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23
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Ojima K, Shiraiwa K, Soga K, Doura T, Takato M, Komatsu K, Yuzaki M, Hamachi I, Kiyonaka S. Ligand-directed two-step labeling to quantify neuronal glutamate receptor trafficking. Nat Commun 2021; 12:831. [PMID: 33547306 PMCID: PMC7864911 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of glutamate receptor localization is critical for development and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system. Conventional biochemical and molecular biological approaches have been widely used to analyze glutamate receptor trafficking, especially for α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs). However, conflicting findings have been reported because of a lack of useful tools for analyzing endogenous AMPARs. Here, we develop a method for the rapid and selective labeling of AMPARs with chemical probes, by combining affinity-based protein labeling and bioorthogonal click chemistry under physiological temperature in culture medium. This method allows us to quantify AMPAR distribution and trafficking, which reveals some unique features of AMPARs, such as a long lifetime and a rapid recycling in neurons. This method is also successfully expanded to selectively label N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptors. Thus, bioorthogonal two-step labeling may be a versatile tool for investigating the physiological and pathophysiological roles of glutamate receptors in neurons. The analysis of AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR) trafficking is essential for understanding molecular mechanisms of learning and memory, but the analytical tools are currently limited. Here, the authors report a method that combines affinity-based receptor labeling and bioorthogonal click chemistry to quantify AMPAR distribution and trafficking under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Ojima
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuki Shiraiwa
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kyohei Soga
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Doura
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Mikiko Takato
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Komatsu
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Michisuke Yuzaki
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Kiyonaka
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
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24
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Yao J, Huang X, Ren J. Selective analysis of newly synthesized proteins by combining fluorescence correlation spectroscopy with bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging. Analyst 2021; 146:478-486. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01697g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
FCS with the BONCAT strategy is a promising approach for analysis of newly synthesized proteins and also be extended to further application for studying physiological or pathological processes related to proteins or other metabolic molecular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Xiangyi Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Jicun Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
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25
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Pinto‐Pacheco B, Carbery WP, Khan S, Turner DB, Buccella D. Fluorescence Quenching Effects of Tetrazines and Their Diels–Alder Products: Mechanistic Insight Toward Fluorogenic Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brismar Pinto‐Pacheco
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - William P. Carbery
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Sameer Khan
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Daniel B. Turner
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
- Current address: Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering Boise State University Boise ID 83725 USA
| | - Daniela Buccella
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
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26
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Pinto-Pacheco B, Carbery WP, Khan S, Turner DB, Buccella D. Fluorescence Quenching Effects of Tetrazines and Their Diels-Alder Products: Mechanistic Insight Toward Fluorogenic Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22140-22149. [PMID: 33245600 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reactions between s-tetrazines and strained dienophiles have numerous applications in fluorescent labeling of biomolecules. Herein, we investigate the effect of the dienophile on the fluorescence enhancement obtained upon reaction with a tetrazine-quenched fluorophore and study the possible mechanisms of fluorescence quenching by both the tetrazine and its reaction products. The dihydropyridazine obtained from reaction with a strained cyclooctene shows a residual fluorescence quenching effect, greater than that exerted by the pyridazine arising from reaction with the analogous alkyne. Linear and ultrabroadband two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy experiments reveal that resonance energy transfer is the mechanism responsible for the fluorescence quenching effect of tetrazines, whereas a mechanism involving more intimate electronic coupling, likely photoinduced electron transfer, is responsible for the quenching effect of the dihydropyridazine. These studies uncover parameters that can be tuned to maximize fluorogenic efficiency in bioconjugation reactions and reveal that strained alkynes are better reaction partners for achieving maximum contrast ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brismar Pinto-Pacheco
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - William P Carbery
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Sameer Khan
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Daniel B Turner
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA.,Current address: Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, 83725, USA
| | - Daniela Buccella
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
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27
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Macias‐Contreras M, Zhu L. The Collective Power of Genetically Encoded Protein/Peptide Tags and Bioorthogonal Chemistry in Biological Fluorescence Imaging. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Macias‐Contreras
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University 95 Chieftan Way Tallahassee FL 32306-4390 USA
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida State University 95 Chieftan Way Tallahassee FL 32306-4390 USA
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28
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Sueda S. Enzyme-based protein-tagging systems for site-specific labeling of proteins in living cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 69:156-166. [PMID: 32166307 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Various protein-labeling methods based on the specific interactions between genetically encoded tags and synthetic probes have been proposed to complement fluorescent protein-based labeling. In particular, labeling methods based on enzyme reactions have been intensively developed by taking advantage of the highly specific interactions between enzymes and their substrates. In this approach, the peptides or proteins are genetically attached to the target proteins as a tag, and the various labels are then incorporated into the tags by enzyme reactions with the substrates carrying those labels. On the other hand, we have been developing an enzyme-based protein-labeling system distinct from the existing ones. In our system, the substrate protein is attached to the target proteins as a tag, and the labels are incorporated into the tag by post-translational modification with an enzyme carrying those labels followed by tight complexation between the enzyme and the substrate protein. In this review, I summarize the enzyme-based protein-labeling systems with a focus on several typical methods and then describe our labeling system based on tight complexation between the enzyme and the substrate protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sueda
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka 820-8502, Japan.,Research Center for Bio-microsensing Technology, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan
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29
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Yang B, Kwon K, Jana S, Kim S, Avila-Crump S, Tae G, Mehl RA, Kwon I. Temporal Control of Efficient In Vivo Bioconjugation Using a Genetically Encoded Tetrazine-Mediated Inverse-Electron-Demand Diels–Alder Reaction. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2456-2464. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Byungseop Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyoon Kwon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Subhashis Jana
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Seoungkyun Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Savanna Avila-Crump
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Giyoong Tae
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryan A. Mehl
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Inchan Kwon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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30
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Longo B, Zanato C, Piras M, Dall'Angelo S, Windhorst AD, Vugts DJ, Baldassarre M, Zanda M. Design, Synthesis, Conjugation, and Reactivity of Novel trans,trans-1,5-Cyclooctadiene-Derived Bioorthogonal Linkers. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2201-2210. [PMID: 32786505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The tetrazine/trans-cyclooctene (TCO) inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction is the fastest bioorthogonal "click" ligation process reported to date. In this context, TCO reagents have found widespread applications; however, their availability and structural diversity is still somewhat limited due to challenges connected with their synthesis and structural modification. To address this issue, we developed a novel strategy for the conjugation of TCO derivatives to a biomolecule, which allows for the creation of greater structural diversity from a single precursor molecule, i.e., trans,trans-1,5-cyclooctadiene [(E,E)-COD] 1, whose preparation requires standard laboratory equipment and readily available reagents. This two-step strategy relies on the use of new bifunctional TCO linkers (5a-11a) for IEDDA reactions, which can be synthesized via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of (E,E)-COD 1 with different azido spacers (5-11) carrying an electrophilic function (NHS-ester, N-succinimidyl carbonate, p-nitrophenyl-carbonate, maleimide) in the ω-position. Following bioconjugation of these electrophilic linkers to the nucleophilic residue (cysteine or lysine) of a protein (step 1), the resulting TCO-decorated constructs can be subjected to a IEDDA reaction with tetrazines functionalized with fluorescent or near-infrared (NIR) tags (step 2). We successfully used this strategy to label bovine serum albumin with the TCO linker 8a and subsequently reacted it in a cell lysate with the fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC)-derived tetrazine 12. The same strategy was then used to label the bacterial wall of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, showing the potential of these linkers for live-cell imaging. Finally, we determined the impact of structural differences of the linkers upon the stability of the bioorthogonal constructs. The compounds for stability studies were prepared by conjugation of TCO linkers 6a, 8a, and 10a to mAbs, such as Rituximab and Obinutuzumab, and subsequent labeling with a reactive Cy3-functionalized tetrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Longo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, AB252ZD Aberdeen, United Kingdom.,Centre for Sensing and Imaging Science, School of Science, Loughborough University, LB11 3TU Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Zanato
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, AB252ZD Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Piras
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, AB252ZD Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Sergio Dall'Angelo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, AB252ZD Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, dept. Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J Vugts
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, dept. Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Massimiliano Baldassarre
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, AB252ZD Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Matteo Zanda
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, AB252ZD Aberdeen, United Kingdom.,Centre for Sensing and Imaging Science, School of Science, Loughborough University, LB11 3TU Loughborough, United Kingdom.,CNR-SCITEC, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
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31
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Baalmann M, Neises L, Bitsch S, Schneider H, Deweid L, Werther P, Ilkenhans N, Wolfring M, Ziegler MJ, Wilhelm J, Kolmar H, Wombacher R. A Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry Toolbox for Targeted Synthesis of Branched and Well-Defined Protein-Protein Conjugates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12885-12893. [PMID: 32342666 PMCID: PMC7496671 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal chemistry holds great potential to generate difficult-to-access protein-protein conjugate architectures. Current applications are hampered by challenging protein expression systems, slow conjugation chemistry, use of undesirable catalysts, or often do not result in quantitative product formation. Here we present a highly efficient technology for protein functionalization with commonly used bioorthogonal motifs for Diels-Alder cycloaddition with inverse electron demand (DAinv ). With the aim of precisely generating branched protein chimeras, we systematically assessed the reactivity, stability and side product formation of various bioorthogonal chemistries directly at the protein level. We demonstrate the efficiency and versatility of our conjugation platform using different functional proteins and the therapeutic antibody trastuzumab. This technology enables fast and routine access to tailored and hitherto inaccessible protein chimeras useful for a variety of scientific disciplines. We expect our work to substantially enhance antibody applications such as immunodetection and protein toxin-based targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Baalmann
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular BiotechnologyHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Laura Neises
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular BiotechnologyHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Sebastian Bitsch
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Hendrik Schneider
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Lukas Deweid
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Philipp Werther
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular BiotechnologyHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Nadja Ilkenhans
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular BiotechnologyHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Martin Wolfring
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular BiotechnologyHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Michael J. Ziegler
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular BiotechnologyHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Jonas Wilhelm
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular BiotechnologyHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryTechnische Universität DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Straße 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Richard Wombacher
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular BiotechnologyHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
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32
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Synthesis of pH-degradable polyglycerol-based nanogels by iEDDA-mediated crosslinking for encapsulation of asparaginase using inverse nanoprecipitation. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04675-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBiocompatible, environmentally responsive, and scalable nanocarriers are needed for targeted and triggered delivery of therapeutic proteins. Suitable polymers, preparation methods, and crosslinking chemistries must be considered for nanogel formation. Biocompatible dendritic polyglycerol (dPG) is used in the mild, surfactant-free inverse nanoprecipitation method for nanogel preparation. The biocompatible, fast, and bioorthogonal inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (iEDDA) crosslinking chemistry is used. In this work, the synthesis of pH-degradable nanogels, based on tetrazine, norbonene, and bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne (BCN) functionalized macromonomers, is reported. The macromonomers are non-toxic up to 2.5 mg mL−1 in three different cell lines. Nanogels are obtained in the size range of 47 to 200 nm and can be degraded within 48 h at pH 4.5 (BA-gels), and pH 3 (THP-gels), respectively. Encapsulation of asparaginase (32 kDa) yield encapsulation efficiencies of up to 93% at 5 wt.% feed. Overall, iEDDA-crosslinked pH-degradable dPG-nanogels from inverse nanoprecipitation are promising candidates for biomedical applications.
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33
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Baalmann M, Neises L, Bitsch S, Schneider H, Deweid L, Werther P, Ilkenhans N, Wolfring M, Ziegler MJ, Wilhelm J, Kolmar H, Wombacher R. A Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry Toolbox for Targeted Synthesis of Branched and Well‐Defined Protein–Protein Conjugates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Baalmann
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Laura Neises
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sebastian Bitsch
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Hendrik Schneider
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Lukas Deweid
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Philipp Werther
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Nadja Ilkenhans
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Martin Wolfring
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael J. Ziegler
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jonas Wilhelm
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Richard Wombacher
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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34
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Nie P, Vartak A, Li YM. γ-Secretase inhibitors and modulators: Mechanistic insights into the function and regulation of γ-Secretase. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 105:43-53. [PMID: 32249070 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over two decades, γ-secretase has been the target for extensive therapeutic development due to its pivotal role in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and cancer. However, it has proven to be a challenging task owing to its large set of substrates and our limited understanding of the enzyme's structural and mechanistic features. The scientific community is taking bigger strides towards solving this puzzle with recent advancement in techniques like cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and photo-affinity labelling (PAL). This review highlights the significance of the PAL technique with multiple examples of photo-probes developed from γ-secretase inhibitors and modulators. The binding of these probes into active and/or allosteric sites of the enzyme has provided crucial information on the γ-secretase complex and improved our mechanistic understanding of this protease. Combining the knowledge of function and regulation of γ-secretase will be a decisive factor in developing novel γ-secretase modulators and biological therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Nie
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Pharmacology program, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Abhishek Vartak
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yue-Ming Li
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Pharmacology program, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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35
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Macias-Contreras M, He H, Little KN, Lee JP, Campbell RP, Royzen M, Zhu L. SNAP/CLIP-Tags and Strain-Promoted Azide–Alkyne Cycloaddition (SPAAC)/Inverse Electron Demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA) for Intracellular Orthogonal/Bioorthogonal Labeling. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1370-1381. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Macias-Contreras
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Huan He
- Translational Science Laboratory, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4300, United States
- Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4380, United States
| | - Kevin N. Little
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Justin P. Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Ryan P. Campbell
- Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4380, United States
| | - Maksim Royzen
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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36
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Xu L, Raabe M, Zegota MM, Nogueira JCF, Chudasama V, Kuan SL, Weil T. Site-selective protein modification via disulfide rebridging for fast tetrazine/trans-cyclooctene bioconjugation. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1140-1147. [PMID: 31971218 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02687h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction between tetrazine and trans-cyclooctene (TCO) holds great promise for protein modification and manipulation. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a tetrazine-based disulfide rebridging reagent, which allows the site-selective installation of a tetrazine group into disulfide-containing peptides and proteins such as the hormone somatostatin (SST) and the antigen binding fragment (Fab) of human immunoglobulin G (IgG). The fast and efficient conjugation of the tetrazine modified proteins with three different TCO-containing substrates to form a set of bioconjugates in a site-selective manner was successfully demonstrated for the first time. Homogeneous, well-defined bioconjugates were obtained underlining the great potential of our method for fast bioconjugation in emerging protein therapeutics. The formed bioconjugates were stable against glutathione and in serum, and they maintained their secondary structure. With this work, we broaden the scope of tetrazine chemistry for site-selective protein modification to prepare well-defined SST and Fab conjugates with preserved structures and good stability under biologically relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujuan Xu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Marco Raabe
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Maksymilian M Zegota
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Vijay Chudasama
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. and Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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37
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Werther P, Yserentant K, Braun F, Kaltwasser N, Popp C, Baalmann M, Herten D, Wombacher R. Live-Cell Localization Microscopy with a Fluorogenic and Self-Blinking Tetrazine Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:804-810. [PMID: 31638314 PMCID: PMC6972563 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in fluorescence microscopy call for novel small-molecule-based labels with multiple functionalities to satisfy different experimental requirements. A current limitation in the advancement of live-cell single-molecule localization microscopy is the high excitation power required to induce blinking. This is in marked contrast to the minimal phototoxicity required in live-cell experiments. At the same time, quality of super-resolution imaging depends on high label specificity, making removal of excess dye essential. Approaching both hurdles, we present the design and synthesis of a small-molecule label comprising both fluorogenic and self-blinking features. Bioorthogonal click chemistry ensures fast and highly selective attachment onto a variety of biomolecular targets. Along with spectroscopic characterization, we demonstrate that the probe improves quality and conditions for regular and single-molecule localization microscopy on live-cell samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Werther
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare BiotechnologieRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Klaus Yserentant
- Physikalisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22969120HeidelbergGermany
- CellNetworks, Single-Molecule SpectroscopyRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 26769120HeidelbergGermany
- Fakultät für BiowissenschaftenRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 23469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Felix Braun
- Physikalisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22969120HeidelbergGermany
- CellNetworks, Single-Molecule SpectroscopyRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 26769120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Nicolai Kaltwasser
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare BiotechnologieRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Christoph Popp
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare BiotechnologieRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Mathis Baalmann
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare BiotechnologieRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Dirk‐Peter Herten
- Physikalisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22969120HeidelbergGermany
- CellNetworks, Single-Molecule SpectroscopyRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 26769120HeidelbergGermany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & School of ChemistryCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesMedical SchoolUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE)Universities of Birmingham and NottinghamMidlandsUK
| | - Richard Wombacher
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare BiotechnologieRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120HeidelbergGermany
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38
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Zhou Y, Wong RCH, Dai G, Ng DKP. A bioorthogonally activatable photosensitiser for site-specific photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:1078-1081. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07938f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inverse-electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction of a 1,2,4,5-tetrazine-substituted boron dipyrromethene with a biotin-conjugated trans-cyclooctene results in site-specific activation of the photoactivity of the former photosensitiser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, N. T
- P. R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine
| | - Roy C. H. Wong
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, N. T
- P. R. China
| | - Gaole Dai
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, N. T
- P. R. China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, N. T
- P. R. China
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39
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Peramo A, Dumas A, Remita H, Benoît M, Yen-Nicolay S, Corre R, Louzada RA, Dupuy C, Pecnard S, Lambert B, Young J, Desmaële D, Couvreur P. Selective modification of a native protein in a patient tissue homogenate using palladium nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:15121-15124. [PMID: 31782421 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07803g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have developed new benign palladium nanoparticles able to catalyze the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction on human thyroglobulin (Tg), a naturally iodinated protein produced by the thyroid gland, in homogenates from patients' tissues. This represents the first example of a chemoselective native protein modification using transition metal nanoobjects in near-organ medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Peramo
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Anaëlle Dumas
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Hynd Remita
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000-CNRS, Bâtiment 349, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Rue Michel Magat, 91400 Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Mireille Benoît
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000-CNRS, Bâtiment 349, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Rue Michel Magat, 91400 Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Stephanie Yen-Nicolay
- Trans-Prot, UMS IPSIT, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie 5 rue JB Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Raphaël Corre
- Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, UMR8200 CNRS, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Ruy A Louzada
- Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, UMR8200 CNRS, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Corinne Dupuy
- Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, UMR8200 CNRS, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Shannon Pecnard
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Benoit Lambert
- Hôpital Bicêtre, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jacques Young
- Hôpital Bicêtre, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Didier Desmaële
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, CNRS Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France.
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40
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Chen Y, Wu KL, Tang J, Loredo A, Clements J, Pei J, Peng Z, Gupta R, Fang X, Xiao H. Addition of Isocyanide-Containing Amino Acids to the Genetic Code for Protein Labeling and Activation. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:2793-2799. [PMID: 31682403 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Site-specific introduction of bioorthogonal handles into biomolecules provides powerful tools for studying and manipulating the structures and functions of proteins. Recent advances in bioorthogonal chemistry demonstrate that tetrazine-based bioorthogonal cycloaddition is a particularly useful methodology due to its high reactivity, biological selectivity, and turn-on property for fluorescence imaging. Despite its broad applications in protein labeling and imaging, utilization of tetrazine-based bioorthogonal cycloaddition has been limited to date by the requirement of a hydrophobic strained alkene reactive moiety. Circumventing this structural requirement, we report the site-specific incorporation of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) with a small isocyanide (or isonitrile) group into proteins in both bacterial and mammalian cells. We showed that under physiological conditions and in the absence of a catalyst these isocyanide-containing ncAAs could react selectively with tetrazine molecules via [4 + 1]-cycloaddition, thus providing a versatile bioorthogonal handle for site-specific protein labeling and protein decaging. Significantly, these bioorthogonal reactions between isocyanides and tetrazines also provide a unique mechanism for the activation of tetrazine-quenched fluorophores. The addition of these isocyanide-containing ncAAs to the list of 20 commonly used, naturally occurring amino acids expands our repertoire of reagents for bioorthogonal chemistry, therefore enabling new biological applications ranging from protein labeling and imaging studies to the chemical activation of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuda Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kuan-Lin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Axel Loredo
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jordan Clements
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jingqi Pei
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Zane Peng
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Ruchi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Xinlei Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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41
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Zhao Q, Hao WJ, Shi HN, Xu T, Tu SJ, Jiang B. Photocatalytic Annulation–Alkynyl Migration Strategy for Multiple Functionalization of Dual Unactivated Alkenes. Org Lett 2019; 21:9784-9789. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Nan Shi
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Ting Xu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
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42
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Oehrl A, Schötz S, Haag R. Systematic Screening of Different Polyglycerin-Based Dienophile Macromonomers for Efficient Nanogel Formation through IEDDA Inverse Nanoprecipitation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900510. [PMID: 31750985 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alternatives for strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) chemistries are needed because of the employment of expensive and not easily scalable precursors such as bicyclo[6.1.0]non-4-yne (BCN). Inverse electron demand Diels Alder (iEDDA)-based click chemistries, using dienophiles and tetrazines, offer a more bioorthogonal and faster toolbox, especially in the biomedical field. Here, the straightforward synthesis of dendritic polyglycerin dienophiles (dPG-dienophiles) and dPG-methyl-tetrazine (dPG-metTet) as macromonomers for a fast, stable, and scalable nanogel formation by inverse nanoprecipitation is reported. Nanogel size-influencing parameters are screened such as macromonomer concentration and water-to-acetone ratio are screened. dPG-norbonene and dPG-cyclopropene show fast and stable nanogel formation in the size range of 40-200 nm and are thus used for the coprecipitation of the model protein myoglobin. High encapsulation efficiencies of more than 70% at a 5 wt% feed ratio are obtained in both cases, showing the suitability of the mild gelation chemistry for the encapsulation of small proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Oehrl
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr 3, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schötz
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr 3, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr 3, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
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43
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Werther P, Yserentant K, Braun F, Kaltwasser N, Popp C, Baalmann M, Herten D, Wombacher R. Live‐Cell Localization Microscopy with a Fluorogenic and Self‐Blinking Tetrazine Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Werther
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare BiotechnologieRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Klaus Yserentant
- Physikalisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 229 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- CellNetworks, Single-Molecule SpectroscopyRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 267 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Fakultät für BiowissenschaftenRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 234 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Felix Braun
- Physikalisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 229 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- CellNetworks, Single-Molecule SpectroscopyRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 267 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Nicolai Kaltwasser
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare BiotechnologieRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Christoph Popp
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare BiotechnologieRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Mathis Baalmann
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare BiotechnologieRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Dirk‐Peter Herten
- Physikalisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 229 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- CellNetworks, Single-Molecule SpectroscopyRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 267 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & School of ChemistryCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesMedical SchoolUniversity of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE)Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham Midlands UK
| | - Richard Wombacher
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare BiotechnologieRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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44
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Tera M, Luedtke NW. Three-Component Bioorthogonal Reactions on Cellular DNA and RNA. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2991-2997. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Tera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nathan W. Luedtke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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45
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Travis CR, King EA, Gaunt GH, Young DD. Genetic Encoding of a Bioconjugation Handle for [2+2+2] Cycloaddition Reactions. Chembiochem 2019; 21:310-314. [PMID: 31298807 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein bioconjugates have many critical applications, especially in the development of therapeutics. Consequently, the design of novel methodologies to prepare protein bioconjugates is of great importance. Herein we present the development and optimization of a novel strategy to prepare bioconjugates through a genetically encoded [2+2+2] cycloaddition reaction. To do this, a novel unnatural amino acid (UAA) containing a dipropargyl amine functionality was synthesized and incorporated site specifically. This UAA-containing protein was reacted with an alkyne-containing fluorophore to afford a covalently linked, well-defined protein bioconjugate. This reaction is convenient with an optimized reaction time of just two hours at room temperature and yields a stable, polysubstituted benzene ring. Overall, this work contributes a new bioconjugation strategy to the growing toolbox of reactions to develop protein bioconjugates, which have a myriad of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Travis
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary, PO Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA, 23187, USA
| | - Elizabeth A King
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary, PO Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA, 23187, USA
| | - Gillian H Gaunt
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary, PO Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA, 23187, USA
| | - Douglas D Young
- Department of Chemistry, College of William & Mary, PO Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA, 23187, USA
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46
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Dai Y, Weng J, George J, Chen H, Lin Q, Wang J, Royzen M, Zhang Q. Three-Component Protein Modification Using Mercaptobenzaldehyde Derivatives. Org Lett 2019; 21:3828-3833. [PMID: 31058515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A chemoselective primary amine modification strategy that enables the three-component, one-pot bioconjugation is described. The specifically designed, mercaptobenzaldehyde-based bifunctional linker achieves highly selective and robust amine labeling under biocompatible conditions. This linker demonstrates wide functional group tolerance and is simple to prepare, which allowed facile payload incorporation. Finally, our studies have shown that the introduction of linker does not impair the function of modified protein such as insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Dai
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Jiaping Weng
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Justin George
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Qishan Lin
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Maksim Royzen
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany, State University of New York , 1400 Washington Avenue , Albany , New York 12222 , United States
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47
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Shemsi AM, Khanday FA, Qurashi A, Khalil A, Guerriero G, Siddiqui KS. Site-directed chemically-modified magnetic enzymes: fabrication, improvements, biotechnological applications and future prospects. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:357-381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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48
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Baalmann M, Ziegler MJ, Werther P, Wilhelm J, Wombacher R. Enzymatic and Site-Specific Ligation of Minimal-Size Tetrazines and Triazines to Proteins for Bioconjugation and Live-Cell Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1405-1414. [PMID: 30883100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diels-Alder reactions with inverse electron demand (DAinv) have emerged as an indispensable tool for bioorthogonal labeling and the manipulation of biomolecules. In this context, reactions between tetrazines and strained dienophiles have received attention because of high reaction rates. Current methods for the DAinv-mediated functionalization of proteins suffer from slow reactivity, impaired stability, isomerization, or elimination of the incorporated strained dienophiles. We report here a versatile platform for the posttranslational, highly selective, and quantitative modification of proteins with stable dienes. New synthetic access to minimal size tetrazine and triazine derivatives enabled us to synthesize tailored diene substrates for the lipoic acid protein ligase A (LplA) from Escherichia coli, which we employ for the rapid, mild, and quantitative bioconjugation of proteins by DAinv. The presented method benefits from the minimal tag size for LplA recognition and can be applied to proteins from any source organism. We demonstrate its broad suitability by site-specific in vitro protein labeling and live cell labeling for fluorescence microscopy. With this work we expand the scope of DAinv bioorthogonal chemistry for site-specific protein labeling, providing additional experimental flexibility for preparing well-defined bioconjugates and addressing biological questions in complex biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Baalmann
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Michael J Ziegler
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Philipp Werther
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Jonas Wilhelm
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Richard Wombacher
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 364 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
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Pagel M. Inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reactions in peptide chemistry. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3141. [PMID: 30585397 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Click chemistry is applied to selectively modify, lable and ligate peptides for their use as therapeutics, in biomaterials or analytical investigations. The inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction is a catalyst-free click reaction with pronounced chemoselectivity and fast reaction rates. Applications and achievements of the IEDDA reaction in peptide chemistry since 2008 are described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareen Pagel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Schnell A, Willms JA, Nozinovic S, Engeser M. Mechanistic studies of an L-proline-catalyzed pyridazine formation involving a Diels-Alder reaction with inverse electron demand. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:30-43. [PMID: 30680036 PMCID: PMC6334817 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of an L-proline-catalyzed pyridazine formation from acetone and aryl-substituted tetrazines via a Diels-Alder reaction with inverse electron demand has been studied with NMR and with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. A catalytic cycle with three intermediates has been proposed. An enamine derived from L-proline and acetone acts as an electron-rich dienophile in a [4 + 2] cycloaddition with the electron-poor tetrazine forming a tetraazabicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene derivative which then eliminates N2 in a retro-Diels-Alder reaction to yield a 4,5-dihydropyridazine species. The reaction was studied in three variants: unmodified, with a charge-tagged substrate, and with a charge-tagged proline catalyst. The charge-tagging technique strongly increases the ESI response of the respective species and therefore enables to capture otherwise undetected reaction components. With the first two reaction variants, only small intensities of intermediates were found, but the temporal progress of reactants and products could be monitored very well. In experiments with the charge-tagged L-proline-derived catalyst, all three intermediates of the proposed catalytic cycle were detected and characterized by collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments. Some of the CID pathways of intermediates mimic single steps of the proposed catalytic cycle in the gas phase. Thus, the charge-tagged catalyst proved one more time its superior effectiveness for the detection and study of reactive intermediates at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schnell
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - J Alexander Willms
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - S Nozinovic
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marianne Engeser
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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