1
|
Iqbal N, Brittin DO, Daluwathumullagamage PJ, Alam MS, Senanayake IM, Gafar AT, Siraj Z, Petrilla A, Pugh M, Tonazzi B, Ragunathan S, Poorman ME, Sacolick L, Theis T, Rosen MS, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM. Toward Next-Generation Molecular Imaging with a Clinical Low-Field (0.064 T) Point-of-Care MRI Scanner. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10348-10355. [PMID: 38857182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Low-field (LF) MRI promises soft-tissue imaging without the expensive, immobile magnets of clinical scanners but generally suffers from limited detection sensitivity and contrast. The sensitivity boost provided by hyperpolarization can thus be highly synergistic with LF MRI. Initial efforts to integrate a continuous-bubbling SABRE (signal amplification by reversible exchange) hyperpolarization setup with a portable, point-of-care 64 mT clinical MRI scanner are reported. Results from 1H SABRE MRI of pyrazine and nicotinamide are compared with those of benchtop NMR spectroscopy. Comparison with MRI signals from samples with known H2O/D2O ratios allowed quantification of the SABRE enhancements of imaged samples with various substrate concentrations (down to 3 mM). Respective limits of detection and quantification of 3.3 and 10.1 mM were determined with pyrazine 1H polarization (PH) enhancements of ∼1900 (PH ∼0.04%), supporting ongoing and envisioned efforts to realize SABRE-enabled MRI-based molecular imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadiya Iqbal
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Drew O Brittin
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | | | - Md Shahabuddin Alam
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Ishani M Senanayake
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - A Tobi Gafar
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Zahid Siraj
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Anthony Petrilla
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Margaret Pugh
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Brockton Tonazzi
- School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | | | | | - Laura Sacolick
- Hyperfine Inc., Guilford, Connecticut 06437, United States
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Matthew S Rosen
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee SJ, Yu KK, Hwang SM, Oh S, Song NW, Jung HS, Han OH, Shim JH. Chemical Analysis of an Isotopically Labeled Molecule Using Two-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy at 34 μT. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:37302-37308. [PMID: 37841117 PMCID: PMC10568728 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, conducted at or below a few millitesla, provides only limited spectral information due to its inability to resolve chemical shifts. Thus, chemical analysis based on this technique remains challenging. One potential solution to overcome this limitation is the use of isotopically labeled molecules. However, such compounds, particularly their use in two-dimensional (2D) NMR techniques, have rarely been studied. This study presents the results of both experimental and simulated correlation spectroscopy (COSY) on 1-13C-ethanol at 34.38 μT. The strong heteronuclear coupling in this molecule breaks the magnetic equivalence, causing all J-couplings, including homonuclear coupling, to split the 1H spectrum. The obtained COSY spectrum clearly shows the spectral details. Furthermore, we observed that homonuclear coupling between 1H spins generated cross-peaks only when the associated 1H spins were coupled to identical 13C spin states. Our findings demonstrate that a low-field 2D spectrum, even with a moderate spectral line width, can reveal the J-coupling networks of isotopically labeled molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Joo Lee
- Quantum
Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Kwon Kyu Yu
- Center
for Superconducting Quantum Computing System, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-min Hwang
- Quantum
Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Sangwon Oh
- Quantum
Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Nam Woong Song
- Quantum
Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hak-Sung Jung
- Quantum
Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Oc Hee Han
- Western
Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
- Graduate
School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Shim
- Quantum
Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute
of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
- Department
of Applied Measurement Science, University
of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chuchkova L, Bodenstedt S, Picazo-Frutos R, Eills J, Tretiak O, Hu Y, Barskiy DA, de Santis J, Tayler MCD, Budker D, Sheberstov KF. Magnetometer-Detected Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Photochemically Hyperpolarized Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:6814-6822. [PMID: 37486855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP) enables nuclear spin ordering by irradiating samples with light. Polarized spins are conventionally detected via high-field chemical-shift-resolved NMR (above 0.1 T). In this Letter, we demonstrate in situ low-field photo-CIDNP measurements using a magnetically shielded fast-field-cycling NMR setup detecting Larmor precession via atomic magnetometers. For solutions comprising mM concentrations of the photochemically polarized molecules, hyperpolarized 1H magnetization is detected by pulse-acquired NMR spectroscopy. The observed NMR line widths are about 5 times narrower than normally anticipated in high-field NMR and are systematically affected by light irradiation during the acquisition period, reflecting a reduction of the transverse relaxation time constant, T2*, on the order of 10%. Magnetometer-detected photo-CIDNP spectroscopy enables straightforward observation of spin-chemistry processes in the ambient field range from a few nT to tens of mT. Potential applications of this measuring modality are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liubov Chuchkova
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Bodenstedt
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Román Picazo-Frutos
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - James Eills
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oleg Tretiak
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yinan Hu
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jacopo de Santis
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Michael C D Tayler
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, United States
| | - Kirill F Sheberstov
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Put P, Alcicek S, Bondar O, Bodek Ł, Duckett S, Pustelny S. Detection of pyridine derivatives by SABRE hyperpolarization at zero field. Commun Chem 2023; 6:131. [PMID: 37349558 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool used in modern science and technology. Its novel incarnation, based on measurements of NMR signals without external magnetic fields, provides direct access to intramolecular interactions based on heteronuclear scalar J-coupling. The uniqueness of these interactions makes each zero-field NMR spectrum distinct and useful in chemical fingerprinting. However, the necessity of heteronuclear coupling often results in weak signals due to the low abundance of certain nuclei (e.g., 15N). Hyperpolarization of such compounds may solve the problem. In this work, we investigate molecules with natural isotopic abundance that are polarized using non-hydrogenative parahydrogen-induced polarization. We demonstrate that spectra of hyperpolarized naturally abundant pyridine derivatives can be observed and uniquely identified whether the same substituent is placed at a different position of the pyridine ring or different constituents are placed at the same position. To do so, we constructed an experimental system using a home-built nitrogen vapor condenser, which allows for consistent long-term measurements, crucial for identifying naturally abundant hyperpolarized molecules at a concentration level of ~1 mM. This opens avenues for future chemical detection of naturally abundant compounds using zero-field NMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Put
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland.
| | - Seyma Alcicek
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland.
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Institute of Neuroradiology, Frankfurt am Main, 60528, Germany.
| | - Oksana Bondar
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Łukasz Bodek
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland
| | - Simon Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM), University of York, Heslington, YO10 5NY, UK
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stern Q, Sheberstov K. Simulation of NMR spectra at zero and ultralow fields from A to Z - a tribute to Prof. Konstantin L'vovich Ivanov. MAGNETIC RESONANCE (GOTTINGEN, GERMANY) 2023; 4:87-109. [PMID: 38650894 PMCID: PMC11034480 DOI: 10.5194/mr-4-87-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Simulating NMR experiments may appear mysterious and even daunting for those who are new to the field. Yet, broken down into pieces, the process may turn out to be easier than expected. Quite the opposite, it is in fact a powerful and playful means to get insights into the spin dynamics of NMR experiments. In this tutorial paper, we show step by step how some NMR experiments can be simulated, assuming as little prior knowledge from the reader as possible. We focus on the case of NMR at zero and ultralow fields, an emerging modality of NMR in which the spin dynamics are dominated by spin-spin interactions rather than spin-field interactions, as is usually the case with conventional high-field NMR. We first show how to simulate spectra numerically. In a second step, we detail an approach to construct an eigenbasis for systems of spin-1 / 2 nuclei at zero field. We then use it to interpret the numerical simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Stern
- Univ Lyon, ENS Lyon, UCBL, CNRS, CRMN UMR 5082, 69100,
VILLEURBANNE, France
| | - Kirill Sheberstov
- Laboratoire des biomolécules (LBM), Département de chimie, École
normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris,
France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany,Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany,Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States,Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kaseman DC, Batrice RJ, Williams RF. Detection of natural abundance 13C J-couplings at Earth's magnetic field for spin system differentiation of small organic molecules. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2022; 342:107272. [PMID: 35917767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy routinely characterizes the unique spin systems of molecules using a combination of chemical shift and J-coupling interactions for the 1H and 13C nuclei. However, at Earth's magnetic field, chemical shifts are unresolvable and the ability to characterize structure relies solely on the J-couplings. Fortuitously, the J-couplings at Earth's field provides the same spin system information as high field, but only requires detection of the 1H nucleus. We report the first identification of the multiple natural abundance 1H-13C spin systems on organic molecules detected at Earth's magnetic field. The results clearly demonstrate the feasibility of Earth's field NMR to characterize small organic molecules without costly enrichment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derrick C Kaseman
- Bioenergy and Biome Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| | - Rami J Batrice
- Chemical Diagnostics and Engineering Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States
| | - Robert F Williams
- Bioenergy and Biome Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tickner BJ, Zhivonitko VV. Advancing homogeneous catalysis for parahydrogen-derived hyperpolarisation and its NMR applications. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4670-4696. [PMID: 35655870 PMCID: PMC9067625 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00737a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parahydrogen-induced polarisation (PHIP) is a nuclear spin hyperpolarisation technique employed to enhance NMR signals for a wide range of molecules. This is achieved by exploiting the chemical reactions of parahydrogen (para-H2), the spin-0 isomer of H2. These reactions break the molecular symmetry of para-H2 in a way that can produce dramatically enhanced NMR signals for reaction products, and are usually catalysed by a transition metal complex. In this review, we discuss recent advances in novel homogeneous catalysts that can produce hyperpolarised products upon reaction with para-H2. We also discuss hyperpolarisation attained in reversible reactions (termed signal amplification by reversible exchange, SABRE) and focus on catalyst developments in recent years that have allowed hyperpolarisation of a wider range of target molecules. In particular, recent examples of novel ruthenium catalysts for trans and geminal hydrogenation, metal-free catalysts, iridium sulfoxide-containing SABRE systems, and cobalt complexes for PHIP and SABRE are reviewed. Advances in this catalysis have expanded the types of molecules amenable to hyperpolarisation using PHIP and SABRE, and their applications in NMR reaction monitoring, mechanistic elucidation, biomedical imaging, and many other areas, are increasing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben J Tickner
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 Oulu 90014 Finland
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 7610001 Israel
| | - Vladimir V Zhivonitko
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu P.O. Box 3000 Oulu 90014 Finland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Buntkowsky G, Theiss F, Lins J, Miloslavina YA, Wienands L, Kiryutin A, Yurkovskaya A. Recent advances in the application of parahydrogen in catalysis and biochemistry. RSC Adv 2022; 12:12477-12506. [PMID: 35480380 PMCID: PMC9039419 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01346k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are analytical and diagnostic tools that are essential for a very broad field of applications, ranging from chemical analytics, to non-destructive testing of materials and the investigation of molecular dynamics, to in vivo medical diagnostics and drug research. One of the major challenges in their application to many problems is the inherent low sensitivity of magnetic resonance, which results from the small energy-differences of the nuclear spin-states. At thermal equilibrium at room temperature the normalized population difference of the spin-states, called the Boltzmann polarization, is only on the order of 10-5. Parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) is an efficient and cost-effective hyperpolarization method, which has widespread applications in Chemistry, Physics, Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Medical Imaging. PHIP creates its signal-enhancements by means of a reversible (SABRE) or irreversible (classic PHIP) chemical reaction between the parahydrogen, a catalyst, and a substrate. Here, we first give a short overview about parahydrogen-based hyperpolarization techniques and then review the current literature on method developments and applications of various flavors of the PHIP experiment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Franziska Theiss
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Jonas Lins
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Yuliya A Miloslavina
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Laura Wienands
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Alexey Kiryutin
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Alexandra Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schmidt AB, Bowers CR, Buckenmaier K, Chekmenev EY, de Maissin H, Eills J, Ellermann F, Glöggler S, Gordon JW, Knecht S, Koptyug IV, Kuhn J, Pravdivtsev AN, Reineri F, Theis T, Them K, Hövener JB. Instrumentation for Hydrogenative Parahydrogen-Based Hyperpolarization Techniques. Anal Chem 2022; 94:479-502. [PMID: 34974698 PMCID: PMC8784962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B. Schmidt
- Department of Radiology – Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - C. Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 2001 Museum Road, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max-Planck-Ring 11, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio), Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospect, 14, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Henri de Maissin
- Department of Radiology – Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - James Eills
- Institute for Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, D-55090 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frowin Ellermann
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- NMR Signal Enhancement Group Max Planck Institutefor Biophysical Chemistry Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jeremy W. Gordon
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | | | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Jule Kuhn
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Thomas Theis
- Departments of Chemistry, Physics and Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Kolja Them
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Blanchard JW, Ripka B, Suslick BA, Gelevski D, Wu T, Münnemann K, Barskiy DA, Budker D. Towards large-scale steady-state enhanced nuclear magnetization with in situ detection. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:1208-1215. [PMID: 33826170 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) boosts NMR signals of various nuclei enabling new applications spanning from magnetic resonance imaging to analytical chemistry and fundamental physics. SABRE is especially well positioned for continuous generation of enhanced magnetization on a large scale; however, several challenges need to be addressed for accomplishing this goal. Specifically, SABRE requires (i) a specialized catalyst capable of reversible H2 activation and (ii) physical transfer of the sample from the point of magnetization generation to the point of detection (e.g., a high-field or a benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] spectrometer). Moreover, (iii) continuous parahydrogen bubbling accelerates solvent (e.g., methanol) evaporation, thereby limiting the experimental window to tens of minutes per sample. In this work, we demonstrate a strategy to rapidly generate the best-to-date precatalyst (a compound that is chemically modified in the course of the reaction to yield the catalyst) for SABRE, [Ir(IMes)(COD)Cl] (IMes = 1,3-bis-[2,4,6-trimethylphenyl]-imidazol-2-ylidene; COD = cyclooctadiene) via a highly accessible synthesis. Second, we measure hyperpolarized samples using a home-built zero-field NMR spectrometer and study the field dependence of hyperpolarization directly in the detection apparatus, eliminating the need to physically move the sample during the experiment. Finally, we prolong the measurement time and reduce evaporation by presaturating parahydrogen with the solvent vapor before bubbling into the sample. These advancements extend opportunities for exploring SABRE hyperpolarization by researchers from various fields and pave the way to producing large quantities of hyperpolarized material for long-lasting detection of SABRE-derived nuclear magnetization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Ripka
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin A Suslick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Dario Gelevski
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Teng Wu
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Münnemann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alcicek S, Put P, Barskiy D, Kontul V, Pustelny S. Zero-Field NMR of Urea: Spin-Topology Engineering by Chemical Exchange. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10671-10676. [PMID: 34705470 PMCID: PMC8573776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Well-resolved and information-rich J-spectra are the foundation for chemical detection in zero-field NMR. However, even for relatively small molecules, spectra exhibit complexity, hindering the analysis. To address this problem, we investigate an example biomolecule with a complex J-coupling network─urea, a key metabolite in protein catabolism─and demonstrate ways of simplifying its zero-field spectra by modifying spin topology. This goal is achieved by controlling pH-dependent chemical exchange rates of 1H nuclei and varying the composition of the D2O/H2O mixture used as a solvent. Specifically, we demonstrate that by increasing the proton exchange rate in the [13C,15N2]-urea solution, the spin system simplifies, manifesting through a single narrow spectral peak. Additionally, we show that the spectra of 1H/D isotopologues of [15N2]-urea can be understood easily by analyzing isolated spin subsystems. This study paves the way for zero-field NMR detection of complex biomolecules, particularly in biofluids with a high concentration of water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Alcicek
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Put
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Danila Barskiy
- Helmholtz
Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center
for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Vladimir Kontul
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Blanchard JW, Budker D, Trabesinger A. Lower than low: Perspectives on zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 323:106886. [PMID: 33518173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The less-traveled low road in nuclear magnetic resonance is discussed, honoring the contributions of Prof. Bernhard Blümich, aspiring towards reaching 'a new low.' A history of the subject and its current status are briefly reviewed, followed by an effort to prophesy possible directions for future developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alcicek S, Put P, Kontul V, Pustelny S. Zero-Field NMR J-Spectroscopy of Organophosphorus Compounds. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:787-792. [PMID: 33411543 PMCID: PMC7877728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds are a wide and diverse class of chemicals playing a crucial role in living organisms. This aspect has been often investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which provides information about molecular structure and function. In this paper, we report the results of theoretical and experimental studies on basic organophosphorus compounds using zero-field NMR, where spin dynamics are investigated in the absence of a magnetic field with the dominant heteronuclear J-coupling. We demonstrate that the zero-field NMR enables distinguishing the chemicals owing to their unique electronic environment even though their spin systems have the same alphabetic designation. Such information can be obtained just in a single measurement, while amplitudes and widths of observed low-field NMR resonances enable the study of processes affecting spin dynamics. An excellent agreement between simulations and measurements of the spectra, particularly in the largest frequency J-couplings range ever reported in zero-field NMR, is demonstrated.
Collapse
|
15
|
Put P, Pustelny S, Budker D, Druga E, Sjolander TF, Pines A, Barskiy DA. Zero- to Ultralow-Field NMR Spectroscopy of Small Biomolecules. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3226-3232. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Put
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, United States
| | - Emanuel Druga
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
| | - Tobias F. Sjolander
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
| | - Alexander Pines
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Burueva DB, Eills J, Blanchard JW, Garcon A, Picazo‐Frutos R, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Budker D. Chemical Reaction Monitoring using Zero‐Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Enables Study of Heterogeneous Samples in Metal Containers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dudari B. Burueva
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk State University 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - James Eills
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH 55128 Mainz Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University 55090 Mainz Germany
| | - John W. Blanchard
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Antoine Garcon
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH 55128 Mainz Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University 55090 Mainz Germany
| | - Román Picazo‐Frutos
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH 55128 Mainz Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University 55090 Mainz Germany
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk State University 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk State University 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH 55128 Mainz Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University 55090 Mainz Germany
- University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Burueva DB, Eills J, Blanchard JW, Garcon A, Picazo‐Frutos R, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Budker D. Chemical Reaction Monitoring using Zero-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Enables Study of Heterogeneous Samples in Metal Containers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17026-17032. [PMID: 32510813 PMCID: PMC7540358 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that heterogeneous/biphasic chemical reactions can be monitored with high spectroscopic resolution using zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This is possible because magnetic susceptibility broadening is negligible at ultralow magnetic fields. We show the two-step hydrogenation of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate with para-enriched hydrogen gas in conventional glass NMR tubes, as well as in a titanium tube. The low frequency zero-field NMR signals ensure that there is no significant signal attenuation arising from shielding by the electrically conductive sample container. This method paves the way for in situ monitoring of reactions in complex heterogeneous multiphase systems and in reactors made of conductive materials while maintaining resolution and chemical specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dudari B. Burueva
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance MicroimagingInternational Tomography Center630090NovosibirskRussia
- Novosibirsk State University630090NovosibirskRussia
| | - James Eills
- Helmholtz Institute MainzGSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH55128MainzGermany
- Johannes Gutenberg University55090MainzGermany
| | - John W. Blanchard
- Helmholtz Institute MainzGSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH55128MainzGermany
| | - Antoine Garcon
- Helmholtz Institute MainzGSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH55128MainzGermany
- Johannes Gutenberg University55090MainzGermany
| | - Román Picazo‐Frutos
- Helmholtz Institute MainzGSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH55128MainzGermany
- Johannes Gutenberg University55090MainzGermany
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance MicroimagingInternational Tomography Center630090NovosibirskRussia
- Novosibirsk State University630090NovosibirskRussia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance MicroimagingInternational Tomography Center630090NovosibirskRussia
- Novosibirsk State University630090NovosibirskRussia
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz Institute MainzGSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH55128MainzGermany
- Johannes Gutenberg University55090MainzGermany
- University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA94720USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lehmkuhl S, Suefke M, Kentner A, Yen YF, Blümich B, Rosen MS, Appelt S, Theis T. SABRE polarized low field rare-spin spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:184202. [PMID: 32414242 DOI: 10.1063/5.0002412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an indispensable technique for identification and characterization of chemicals and biomolecular structures. In the vast majority of NMR experiments, nuclear spin polarization arises from thermalization in multi-Tesla magnetic fields produced by superconducting magnets. In contrast, NMR instruments operating at low magnetic fields are emerging as a compact, inexpensive, and highly accessible alternative but suffer from low thermal polarization at a low field strength and consequently a low signal. However, certain hyperpolarization techniques create high polarization levels on target molecules independent of magnetic fields, giving low-field NMR a significant sensitivity boost. In this study, SABRE (Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange) was combined with high homogeneity electromagnets operating at mT fields, enabling high resolution 1H, 13C, 15N, and 19F spectra to be detected with a single scan at magnetic fields between 1 mT and 10 mT. Chemical specificity is attained at mT magnetic fields with complex, highly resolved spectra. Most spectra are in the strong coupling regime where J-couplings are on the order of chemical shift differences. The spectra and the hyperpolarization spin dynamics are simulated with SPINACH. The simulations start from the parahydrogen singlet in the bound complex and include both chemical exchange and spin evolution at these mT fields. The simulations qualitatively match the experimental spectra and are used to identify the spin order terms formed during mT SABRE. The combination of low field NMR instruments with SABRE polarization results in sensitive measurements, even for rare spins with low gyromagnetic ratios at low magnetic fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sören Lehmkuhl
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 851 Main Campus Dr, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
| | - Martin Suefke
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Arne Kentner
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yi-Fen Yen
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Bernhard Blümich
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthew S Rosen
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Stephan Appelt
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 851 Main Campus Dr, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kaseman DC, Magnelind PE, Widgeon Paisner S, Yoder JL, Alvarez M, Urbaitis AV, Janicke MT, Nath P, Espy MA, Williams RF. Design and implementation of a J-coupled spectrometer for multidimensional structure and relaxation detection at low magnetic fields. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:054103. [PMID: 32486714 DOI: 10.1063/1.5130391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, it has been realized that low and ultra-low field (mT-nT magnetic field range) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can be used for molecular structural analysis. However, spectra are often hindered by lengthy acquisition times or require large sample volumes and high concentrations. Here, we report a low field (50 μT) instrument that employs a linear actuator to shuttle samples between a 1 T prepolarization field and a solenoid detector in a laboratory setting. The current experimental setup is benchmarked using water and 13C-methanol with a single scan detection limit of 2 × 1020 spins (3 µl, 55M H2O) and detection limit of 2.9 × 1019 (200 µl, 617 mM 13C-methanol) spins with signal averaging. The system has a dynamic range of >3 orders of magnitude. Investigations of room-temperature relaxation dynamics of 13C-methanol show that sample dilution can be used in lieu of sample heating to acquire spectra with linewidths comparable to high-temperature spectra. These results indicate that the T1 and T2 mechanisms are governed by both the proton exchange rate and the dissolved oxygen in the sample. Finally, a 2D correlation spectroscopy experiment is reported, performed in the strong coupling regime that resolves the multiple resonances associated with the heteronuclear J-coupling. The spectrum was collected using 10 times less sample and in less than half the time from previous reports in the strong coupling limit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derrick C Kaseman
- Bioenergy and Biome Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Per E Magnelind
- Quantum Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Scarlett Widgeon Paisner
- Materials Science in Radiation and Dynamics Extremes Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Jacob L Yoder
- Bioenergy and Biome Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Marc Alvarez
- Bioenergy and Biome Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Algis V Urbaitis
- Quantum Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Michael T Janicke
- Inorganic, Isotope and Actinide Chemistry Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Pulak Nath
- Quantum Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Michelle A Espy
- Non-destructive Testing and Evaluation Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Robert F Williams
- Bioenergy and Biome Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Blanchard JW, Wu T, Eills J, Hu Y, Budker D. Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance J-spectroscopy with commercial atomic magnetometers. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 314:106723. [PMID: 32298993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance (ZULF NMR) is an alternative spectroscopic method to high-field NMR, in which samples are studied in the absence of a large magnetic field. Unfortunately, there is a large barrier to entry for many groups, because operating the optical magnetometers needed for signal detection requires some expertise in atomic physics and optics. Commercially available magnetometers offer a solution to this problem. Here we describe a simple ZULF NMR configuration employing commercial magnetometers, and demonstrate sufficient functionality to measure samples with nuclear spins prepolarized in a permanent magnet or initialized using parahydrogen. This opens the possibility for other groups to use ZULF NMR, which provides a means to study complex materials without magnetic susceptibility-induced line broadening, and to observe samples through conductive materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Teng Wu
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - James Eills
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yinan Hu
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Overview of the Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr). MICROWAVE CAVITIES AND DETECTORS FOR AXION RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43761-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
|
22
|
Breynaert E, Houlleberghs M, Radhakrishnan S, Grübel G, Taulelle F, Martens JA. Water as a tuneable solvent: a perspective. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:2557-2569. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00545e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Water is the most sustainable solvent, but its polarity limits the solubility of non-polar solutes. Confining water in hydrophobic nanopores could be a way to modulate water solvent properties and enable using water as tuneable solvent (WaTuSo).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Breynaert
- KU Leuven, Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis – Characterization and Application Team (COK-KAT)
- B-3001 Heverlee
- Belgium
- Center for Molecular Water Science (CMWS)
- 22607 Hamburg
| | - Maarten Houlleberghs
- KU Leuven, Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis – Characterization and Application Team (COK-KAT)
- B-3001 Heverlee
- Belgium
| | - Sambhu Radhakrishnan
- KU Leuven, Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis – Characterization and Application Team (COK-KAT)
- B-3001 Heverlee
- Belgium
| | - Gerhard Grübel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- 22607 Hamburg
- Germany
- Center for Molecular Water Science (CMWS)
- 22607 Hamburg
| | - Francis Taulelle
- KU Leuven, Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis – Characterization and Application Team (COK-KAT)
- B-3001 Heverlee
- Belgium
| | - Johan A. Martens
- KU Leuven, Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis – Characterization and Application Team (COK-KAT)
- B-3001 Heverlee
- Belgium
- Center for Molecular Water Science (CMWS)
- 22607 Hamburg
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hill-Casey F, Sakho A, Mohammed A, Rossetto M, Ahwal F, Duckett SB, John RO, Richardson PM, Virgo R, Halse ME. In Situ SABRE Hyperpolarization with Earth's Field NMR Detection. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224126. [PMID: 31739621 PMCID: PMC6891519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarization methods, which increase the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have the potential to expand the range of applications of these powerful analytical techniques and to enable the use of smaller and cheaper devices. The signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) method is of particular interest because it is relatively low-cost, straight-forward to implement, produces high-levels of renewable signal enhancement, and can be interfaced with low-cost and portable NMR detectors. In this work, we demonstrate an in situ approach to SABRE hyperpolarization that can be achieved using a simple, commercially-available Earth’s field NMR detector to provide 1H polarization levels of up to 3.3%. This corresponds to a signal enhancement over the Earth’s magnetic field by a factor of ε > 2 × 108. The key benefit of our approach is that it can be used to directly probe the polarization transfer process at the heart of the SABRE technique. In particular, we demonstrate the use of in situ hyperpolarization to observe the activation of the SABRE catalyst, the build-up of signal in the polarization transfer field (PTF), the dependence of the hyperpolarization level on the strength of the PTF, and the rate of decay of the hyperpolarization in the ultra-low-field regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fraser Hill-Casey
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
| | - Aminata Sakho
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Ahmed Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Matheus Rossetto
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
| | - Fadi Ahwal
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Richard O. John
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Peter M. Richardson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Robin Virgo
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NY, UK; (F.A.); (S.B.D.); (R.O.J.)
| | - Meghan E. Halse
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; (F.H.-C.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (M.R.); (P.M.R.); (R.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1904-322853
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Buckenmaier K, Scheffler K, Plaumann M, Fehling P, Bernarding J, Rudolph M, Back C, Koelle D, Kleiner R, Hövener J, Pravdivtsev AN. Multiple Quantum Coherences Hyperpolarized at Ultra-Low Fields. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2823-2829. [PMID: 31536665 PMCID: PMC6900040 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of hyperpolarization technologies enabled several yet exotic NMR applications at low and ultra-low fields (ULF), where without hyperpolarization even the detection of a signal from analytes is a challenge. Herein, we present a method for the simultaneous excitation and observation of homo- and heteronuclear multiple quantum coherences (from zero up to the third-order), which give an additional degree of freedom for ULF NMR experiments, where the chemical shift variation is negligible. The approach is based on heteronuclear correlated spectroscopy (COSY); its combination with a phase-cycling scheme allows the selective observation of multiple quantum coherences of different orders. The nonequilibrium spin state and multiple spin orders are generated by signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) and detected at ULF with a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based NMR system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Buckenmaier
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance CenterMax Planck Institute for Biological CyberneticsMax-Planck-Ring 1172076TübingenGermany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance CenterMax Planck Institute for Biological CyberneticsMax-Planck-Ring 1172076TübingenGermany
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic ResonanceUniversity of TübingenHoppe-Seyler-Str. 372076TübingenGermany
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Institute for Biometrics and Medical InformaticsOtto-von-Guericke University Building 02Leipziger Str. 4439120MagdeburgGermany
| | - Paul Fehling
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance CenterMax Planck Institute for Biological CyberneticsMax-Planck-Ring 1172076TübingenGermany
| | - Johannes Bernarding
- Institute for Biometrics and Medical InformaticsOtto-von-Guericke University Building 02Leipziger Str. 4439120MagdeburgGermany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance CenterMax Planck Institute for Biological CyberneticsMax-Planck-Ring 1172076TübingenGermany
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISAUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1472076TübingenGermany
| | - Christoph Back
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISAUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1472076TübingenGermany
| | - Dieter Koelle
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISAUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1472076TübingenGermany
| | - Reinhold Kleiner
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISAUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1472076TübingenGermany
| | - Jan‐Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology University Medical Center KielKiel UniversityAm Botanischen Garten 1424114KielGermany
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology University Medical Center KielKiel UniversityAm Botanischen Garten 1424114KielGermany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Barskiy DA, Knecht S, Yurkovskaya AV, Ivanov KL. SABRE: Chemical kinetics and spin dynamics of the formation of hyperpolarization. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 114-115:33-70. [PMID: 31779885 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we present the physical principles of the SABRE (Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange) method. SABRE is a promising hyperpolarization technique that enhances NMR signals by transferring spin order from parahydrogen (an isomer of the H2 molecule that is in a singlet nuclear spin state) to a substrate that is to be polarized. Spin order transfer takes place in a transient organometallic complex which binds both parahydrogen and substrate molecules; after dissociation of the SABRE complex, free hyperpolarized substrate molecules are accumulated in solution. An advantage of this method is that the substrate is not modified chemically, and its polarization can be regenerated multiple times by bubbling fresh parahydrogen through the solution. Thus, SABRE requires two key ingredients: (i) polarization transfer and (ii) chemical exchange of both parahydrogen and substrate. While there are several excellent reviews on applications of SABRE, the background of the method is discussed less frequently. In this review we aim to explain in detail how SABRE hyperpolarization is formed, focusing on key aspects of both spin dynamics and chemical kinetics, as well as on the interplay between them. Hence, we first cover the known spin order transfer methods applicable to SABRE - cross-relaxation, coherent spin mixing at avoided level crossings, and coherence transfer - and discuss their practical implementation for obtaining SABRE polarization in the most efficient way. Second, we introduce and explain the principle of SABRE hyperpolarization techniques that operate at ultralow (<1 μT), at low (1μT to 0.1 T) and at high (>0.1 T) magnetic fields. Finally, chemical aspects of SABRE are discussed in detail, including chemical systems that are amenable to SABRE and the exchange processes that are required for polarization formation. A theoretical treatment of the spin dynamics and their interplay with chemical kinetics is also presented. This review outlines known aspects of SABRE and provides guidelines for the design of new SABRE experiments, with the goal of solving practical problems of enhancing weak NMR signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danila A Barskiy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Stephan Knecht
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany; Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Garcon A, Blanchard JW, Centers GP, Figueroa NL, Graham PW, Jackson Kimball DF, Rajendran S, Sushkov AO, Stadnik YV, Wickenbrock A, Wu T, Budker D. Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax4539. [PMID: 31692765 PMCID: PMC6814373 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax4539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The nature of dark matter, the invisible substance making up over 80% of the matter in the universe, is one of the most fundamental mysteries of modern physics. Ultralight bosons such as axions, axion-like particles, or dark photons could make up most of the dark matter. Couplings between such bosons and nuclear spins may enable their direct detection via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy: As nuclear spins move through the galactic dark-matter halo, they couple to dark matter and behave as if they were in an oscillating magnetic field, generating a dark-matter-driven NMR signal. As part of the cosmic axion spin precession experiment (CASPEr), an NMR-based dark-matter search, we use ultralow-field NMR to probe the axion-fermion "wind" coupling and dark-photon couplings to nuclear spins. No dark matter signal was detected above background, establishing new experimental bounds for dark matter bosons with masses ranging from 1.8 × 10-16 to 7.8 × 10-14 eV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Garcon
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Gary P. Centers
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nataniel L. Figueroa
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter W. Graham
- Department of Physics, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Surjeet Rajendran
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
| | | | - Yevgeny V. Stadnik
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Arne Wickenbrock
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Teng Wu
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee SJ, Jeong K, Shim JH, Lee HJ, Min S, Chae H, Namgoong SK, Kim K. SQUID-based ultralow-field MRI of a hyperpolarized material using signal amplification by reversible exchange. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12422. [PMID: 31455823 PMCID: PMC6712030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48827-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) technique is a very promising method for increasing magnetic resonance (MR) signals. SABRE can play a particularly large role in studies with a low or ultralow magnetic field because they suffer from a low signal-to-noise ratio. In this work, we conducted real-time superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in a microtesla-range magnetic field using the SABRE technique after designing a bubble-separated phantom. A maximum enhancement of 2658 for 1H was obtained for pyridine in the SABRE-NMR experiment. A clear SABRE-enhanced MR image of the bubble-separated phantom, in which the para-hydrogen gas was bubbling at only the margin, was successfully obtained at 34.3 μT. The results show that SABRE can be successfully incorporated into an ultralow-field MRI system, which enables new SQUID-based MRI applications. SABRE can shorten the MRI operation time by more than 6 orders of magnitude and establish a firm basis for future low-field MRI applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Joo Lee
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunhong Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Military Academy, 574, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01805, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Shim
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Lee
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.,Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), 218, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Sein Min
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, 621, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Heelim Chae
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, 621, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keon Namgoong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women's University, 621, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwoong Kim
- Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Medical Physics, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance of chemically exchanging systems. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3002. [PMID: 31278303 PMCID: PMC6611813 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10787-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Zero- to ultralow-field (ZULF) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an emerging tool for precision chemical analysis. In this work, we study dynamic processes and investigate the influence of chemical exchange on ZULF NMR J-spectra. We develop a computational approach that allows quantitative calculation of J-spectra in the presence of chemical exchange and apply it to study aqueous solutions of [15N]ammonium (15N\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$${\mathrm{H}}_4^ +$$\end{document}H4+) as a model system. We show that pH-dependent chemical exchange substantially affects the J-spectra and, in some cases, can lead to degradation and complete disappearance of the spectral features. To demonstrate potential applications of ZULF NMR for chemistry and biomedicine, we show a ZULF NMR spectrum of [2-13C]pyruvic acid hyperpolarized via dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP). We foresee applications of affordable and scalable ZULF NMR coupled with hyperpolarization to study chemical exchange phenomena in vivo and in situations where high-field NMR detection is not possible to implement. Zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance can identify species and collective behaviors in mixtures without applied magnetic fields. Here the authors demonstrate its use for resolving proton exchange in ammonium and for the detection of hyperpolarized pyruvic acid, an important imaging biomarker.
Collapse
|
29
|
Wu T, Blanchard JW, Centers GP, Figueroa NL, Garcon A, Graham PW, Kimball DFJ, Rajendran S, Stadnik YV, Sushkov AO, Wickenbrock A, Budker D. Search for Axionlike Dark Matter with a Liquid-State Nuclear Spin Comagnetometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:191302. [PMID: 31144940 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.191302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of a search for axionlike dark matter using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. This search is part of the multifaceted Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment program. In order to distinguish axionlike dark matter from magnetic fields, we employ a comagnetometry scheme measuring ultralow-field NMR signals involving two different nuclei (^{13}C and ^{1}H) in a liquid-state sample of acetonitrile-2-^{13}C (^{13}CH_{3}CN). No axionlike dark matter signal was detected above the background. This result constrains the parameter space describing the coupling of the gradient of the axionlike dark matter field to nucleons to be g_{aNN}<6×10^{-5} GeV^{-1} (95% confidence level) for particle masses ranging from 10^{-22} eV to 1.3×10^{-17} eV, improving over previous laboratory limits for masses below 10^{-21} eV. The result also constrains the coupling of nuclear spins to the gradient of the square of the axionlike dark matter field, improving over astrophysical limits by orders of magnitude over the entire range of particle masses probed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wu
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Gary P Centers
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nataniel L Figueroa
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Antoine Garcon
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter W Graham
- Department of Physics, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, California 94305, USA
| | - Derek F Jackson Kimball
- Department of Physics, California State University-East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA
| | - Surjeet Rajendran
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| | - Yevgeny V Stadnik
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Arne Wickenbrock
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Schwartz I, Rosskopf J, Schmitt S, Tratzmiller B, Chen Q, McGuinness LP, Jelezko F, Plenio MB. Blueprint for nanoscale NMR. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6938. [PMID: 31061430 PMCID: PMC6502870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43404-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have been used as ultrasensitive magnetometers to perform nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of statistically polarized samples at 1-100 nm length scales. However, the spectral linewidth is typically limited to the kHz level, both by the NV sensor coherence time and by rapid molecular diffusion of the nuclei through the detection volume which in turn is critical for achieving long nuclear coherence times. Here we provide a blueprint supported by detailed theoretical analysis for a set-up that combines a sensitivity sufficient for detecting NMR signals from nano- to micron-scale samples with a spectral resolution that is limited only by the nuclear spin coherence, i.e. comparable to conventional NMR. Our protocol detects the nuclear polarization induced along the direction of an external magnetic field with near surface NV centers using lock-in detection techniques to enable phase coherent signal averaging. Using the NV centers in a dual role of NMR detector and optical hyperpolarization source to increase signal to noise, and in combination with Bayesian inference models for signal processing, nano/microscale NMR spectroscopy can be performed on sample concentrations in the micromolar range, several orders of magnitude better than the current state of the art.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilai Schwartz
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Joachim Rosskopf
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Simon Schmitt
- Institute of Quantum Optics and IQST, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benedikt Tratzmiller
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Qiong Chen
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Liam P McGuinness
- Institute of Quantum Optics and IQST, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Fedor Jelezko
- Institute of Quantum Optics and IQST, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin B Plenio
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and IQST, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pravdivtsev AN, Hövener JB. Simulating Non-linear Chemical and Physical (CAP) Dynamics of Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE). Chemistry 2019; 25:7659-7668. [PMID: 30689237 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The hyperpolarization of nuclear spins by using parahydrogen (pH2 ) is a fascinating technique that allows spin polarization and thus the magnetic resonance signal to be increased by several orders of magnitude. Entirely new applications have become available. Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) is a relatively new method that is based on the reversible exchange of a substrate, catalyst and parahydrogen. SABRE is particularly interesting for in vivo medical and industrial applications, such as fast and low-cost trace analysis or continuous signal enhancement. Ever since its discovery, many attempts have been made to model and understand SABRE, with various degrees of simplifications. In this work, we reduced the simplifications further, taking into account non-linear chemical and physical (CAP) dynamics of several multi-spin systems. A master equation was derived and realized using the MOIN open-source software. The effects of different parameters (exchange rates, concentrations, spin-spin couplings) on relaxation and the polarization level have been evaluated and the results provide interesting insights into the mechanism of SABRE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Richardson PM, John RO, Parrott AJ, Rayner PJ, Iali W, Nordon A, Halse ME, Duckett SB. Quantification of hyperpolarisation efficiency in SABRE and SABRE-Relay enhanced NMR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:26362-26371. [PMID: 30303501 PMCID: PMC6202922 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05473h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
para-Hydrogen (p-H2) induced polarisation (PHIP) is an increasingly popular method for sensitivity enhancement in NMR spectroscopy. Its growing popularity is due in part to the introduction of the signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) method that generates renewable hyperpolarisation in target analytes in seconds. A key benefit of PHIP and SABRE is that p-H2 can be relatively easily and cheaply produced, with costs increasing with the desired level of p-H2 purity. In this work, the efficiency of the SABRE polarisation transfer is explored by measuring the level of analyte hyperpolarisation as a function of the level of p-H2 enrichment. A linear relationship was found between p-H2 enrichment and analyte 1H hyperpolarisation for a range of molecules, polarisation transfer catalysts, NMR detection fields and for both the SABRE and SABRE-Relay transfer mechanisms over the range 29-99% p-H2 purity. The gradient of these linear relationships were related to a simple theoretical model to define an overall efficiency parameter, E, that quantifies the net fraction of the available p-H2 polarisation that is transferred to the target analyte. We find that the efficiency of SABRE is independent of the NMR detection field and exceeds E = 20% for methyl-4,6-d2-nicotinate when using a previously optimised catalyst system. For the SABRE-Relay transfer mechanism, efficiencies of up to E = 1% were found for 1H polarisation of 1-propanol, when ammonia was used as the polarisation carrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Richardson
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, UK.
| | - Richard O John
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, UK.
| | - Andrew J Parrott
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry and CPACT, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Peter J Rayner
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, UK.
| | - Wissam Iali
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, UK.
| | - Alison Nordon
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry and CPACT, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Meghan E Halse
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, UK.
| | - Simon B Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tickner BJ, Iali W, Roy SS, Whitwood AC, Duckett SB. Iridium α
-Carboxyimine Complexes Hyperpolarized with para
-Hydrogen Exist in Nuclear Singlet States before Conversion into Iridium Carbonates. Chemphyschem 2018; 20:241-245. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben. J. Tickner
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance; University of York; Heslington U.K. YO10 5NY
| | - Wissam Iali
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance; University of York; Heslington U.K. YO10 5NY
| | - Soumya S. Roy
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance; University of York; Heslington U.K. YO10 5NY
| | - Adrian C. Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington U.K. Kingdom YO10 5DD
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance; University of York; Heslington U.K. YO10 5NY
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hövener JB, Pravdivtsev AN, Kidd B, Bowers CR, Glöggler S, Kovtunov KV, Plaumann M, Katz-Brull R, Buckenmaier K, Jerschow A, Reineri F, Theis T, Shchepin RV, Wagner S, Bhattacharya P, Zacharias NM, Chekmenev EY. Parahydrogen-Based Hyperpolarization for Biomedicine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11140-11162. [PMID: 29484795 PMCID: PMC6105405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) is one of the most versatile and useful physical effects used for human imaging, chemical analysis, and the elucidation of molecular structures. However, its full potential is rarely used, because only a small fraction of the nuclear spin ensemble is polarized, that is, aligned with the applied static magnetic field. Hyperpolarization methods seek other means to increase the polarization and thus the MR signal. A unique source of pure spin order is the entangled singlet spin state of dihydrogen, parahydrogen (pH2 ), which is inherently stable and long-lived. When brought into contact with another molecule, this "spin order on demand" allows the MR signal to be enhanced by several orders of magnitude. Considerable progress has been made in the past decade in the area of pH2 -based hyperpolarization techniques for biomedical applications. It is the goal of this Review to provide a selective overview of these developments, covering the areas of spin physics, catalysis, instrumentation, preparation of the contrast agents, and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bryce Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - C Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, Von-Siebold-Strasse 3A, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Department of Biometry and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rachel Katz-Brull
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- Magnetic resonance center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alexej Jerschow
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Sq. East, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105, Nashville, TN, 37027, USA
| | - Shawn Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Niki M Zacharias
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) and Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hövener J, Pravdivtsev AN, Kidd B, Bowers CR, Glöggler S, Kovtunov KV, Plaumann M, Katz‐Brull R, Buckenmaier K, Jerschow A, Reineri F, Theis T, Shchepin RV, Wagner S, Bhattacharya P, Zacharias NM, Chekmenev EY. Parawasserstoff‐basierte Hyperpolarisierung für die Biomedizin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan‐Bernd Hövener
- Sektion Biomedizinische Bildgebung, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Klinik für Radiologie und Neuroradiologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Deutschland
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Sektion Biomedizinische Bildgebung, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC) Klinik für Radiologie und Neuroradiologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Deutschland
| | - Bryce Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - C. Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration Von-Siebold-Straße 3A 37075 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Institut für Biometrie und Medizinische Informatik Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Leipziger Straße 44 39120 Magdeburg Deutschland
| | - Rachel Katz‐Brull
- Department of Radiology Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- Magnetresonanz-Zentrum Max Planck-Institut für biologische Kybernetik Tübingen Deutschland
| | - Alexej Jerschow
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Sq. East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Torino via Nizza 52 Torino Italien
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Physics Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105 Nashville TN 37027 USA
| | - Shawn Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute Cedars Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CA 90048 USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Niki M. Zacharias
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences 1161 21st Ave South, MCN AA-1105 Nashville TN 37027 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Leninskiy Prospekt 14 Moscow 119991 Russland
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) and Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University Detroit MI 48202 USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wu T, Blanchard JW, Jackson Kimball DF, Jiang M, Budker D. Nuclear-Spin Comagnetometer Based on a Liquid of Identical Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:023202. [PMID: 30085696 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.023202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Atomic comagnetometers are used in searches for anomalous spin-dependent interactions. Magnetic field gradients are one of the major sources of systematic errors in such experiments. Here we describe a comagnetometer based on the nuclear spins within an ensemble of identical molecules. The dependence of the measured spin-precession frequency ratio on the first-order magnetic field gradient is suppressed by over an order of magnitude compared to a comagnetometer based on overlapping ensembles of different molecules. Our single-species comagnetometer is capable of measuring the hypothetical spin-dependent gravitational energy of nuclei at the 10^{-17} eV level, comparable to the most stringent existing constraints. Combined with techniques for enhancing the signal such as parahydrogen-induced polarization, this method of comagnetometry offers the potential to improve constraints on spin-gravity coupling of nucleons by several orders of magnitude.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wu
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Derek F Jackson Kimball
- Department of Physics, California State University-East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA
| | - Min Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Richardson PM, Parrott AJ, Semenova O, Nordon A, Duckett SB, Halse ME. SABRE hyperpolarization enables high-sensitivity 1H and 13C benchtop NMR spectroscopy. Analyst 2018; 143:3442-3450. [PMID: 29917031 PMCID: PMC6040279 DOI: 10.1039/c8an00596f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Benchtop NMR spectrometers operating with low magnetic fields of 1-2 T at sub-ppm resolution show great promise as analytical platforms that can be used outside the traditional laboratory environment for industrial process monitoring. One current limitation that reduces the uptake of benchtop NMR is associated with the detection fields' reduced sensitivity. Here we demonstrate how para-hydrogen (p-H2) based signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE), a simple to achieve hyperpolarization technique, enhances agent detectability within the environment of a benchtop (1 T) NMR spectrometer so that informative 1H and 13C NMR spectra can be readily recorded for low-concentration analytes. SABRE-derived 1H NMR signal enhancements of up to 17 000-fold, corresponding to 1H polarization levels of P = 5.9%, were achieved for 26 mM pyridine in d4-methanol in a matter of seconds. Comparable enhancement levels can be achieved in both deuterated and protio solvents but now the SABRE-enhanced analyte signals dominate due to the comparatively weak thermally-polarized solvent response. The SABRE approach also enables the acquisition of 13C NMR spectra of analytes at natural isotopic abundance in a single scan as evidenced by hyperpolarized 13C NMR spectra of tens of millimolar concentrations of 4-methylpyridine. Now the associated signal enhancement factors are up to 45 500 fold (P = 4.0%) and achieved in just 15 s. Integration of an automated SABRE polarization system with the benchtop NMR spectrometer framework produces renewable and reproducible NMR signal enhancements that can be exploited for the collection of multi-dimensional NMR spectra, exemplified here by a SABRE-enhanced 2D COSY NMR spectrum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter M. Richardson
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, Department of Chemistry
, University of York
,
UK
.
;
| | - Andrew J. Parrott
- WestCHEM
, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry and CPACT
, University of Strathclyde
,
Glasgow
, UK
| | - Olga Semenova
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, Department of Chemistry
, University of York
,
UK
.
;
| | - Alison Nordon
- WestCHEM
, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry and CPACT
, University of Strathclyde
,
Glasgow
, UK
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, Department of Chemistry
, University of York
,
UK
.
;
| | - Meghan E. Halse
- Centre for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance
, Department of Chemistry
, University of York
,
UK
.
;
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rayner PJ, Duckett SB. Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE): From Discovery to Diagnosis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6742-6753. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Rayner
- Centre of Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD UK
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre of Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rayner PJ, Duckett SB. Signalverstärkung durch reversiblen Austausch (SABRE): von der Entdeckung zur diagnostischen Anwendung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Rayner
- Centre of Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD Großbritannien
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Centre of Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington YO10 5DD Großbritannien
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Buckenmaier K, Rudolph M, Back C, Misztal T, Bommerich U, Fehling P, Koelle D, Kleiner R, Mayer HA, Scheffler K, Bernarding J, Plaumann M. SQUID-based detection of ultra-low-field multinuclear NMR of substances hyperpolarized using signal amplification by reversible exchange. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13431. [PMID: 29044168 PMCID: PMC5647402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-low-field (ULF) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a promising spectroscopy method allowing for, e.g., the simultaneous detection of multiple nuclei. To overcome the low signal-to-noise ratio that usually hampers a wider application, we present here an alternative approach to ULF NMR, which makes use of the hyperpolarizing technique signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE). In contrast to standard parahydrogen hyperpolarization, SABRE can continuously hyperpolarize 1 H as well as other MR-active nuclei. For simultaneous measurements of 1 H and 19 F under SABRE conditions a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based NMR detection unit was adapted. We successfully hyperpolarized fluorinated pyridine derivatives with an up to 2000-fold signal enhancement in 19 F. The detected signals may be explained by two alternative reaction mechanisms. SABRE combined with simultaneous SQUID-based broadband multinuclear detection may enable the quantitative analysis of multinuclear processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Buckenmaier
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstr. 41, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - M Rudolph
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstr. 41, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - C Back
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - T Misztal
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - U Bommerich
- Department for Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - P Fehling
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstr. 41, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - D Koelle
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - R Kleiner
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Quantum Science (CQ) in LISA+, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - H A Mayer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - K Scheffler
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstr. 41, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - J Bernarding
- Department for Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M Plaumann
- Department for Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tayler MCD, Theis T, Sjolander TF, Blanchard JW, Kentner A, Pustelny S, Pines A, Budker D. Invited Review Article: Instrumentation for nuclear magnetic resonance in zero and ultralow magnetic field. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:091101. [PMID: 28964224 DOI: 10.1063/1.5003347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We review experimental techniques in our laboratory for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in zero and ultralow magnetic field (below 0.1 μT) where detection is based on a low-cost, non-cryogenic, spin-exchange relaxation free 87Rb atomic magnetometer. The typical sensitivity is 20-30 fT/Hz1/2 for signal frequencies below 1 kHz and NMR linewidths range from Hz all the way down to tens of mHz. These features enable precision measurements of chemically informative nuclear spin-spin couplings as well as nuclear spin precession in ultralow magnetic fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | | | | | | | - Szymon Pustelny
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Alexander Pines
- College of Chemistry, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Department of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shen K, Logan AWJ, Colell JFP, Bae J, Ortiz GX, Theis T, Warren WS, Malcolmson SJ, Wang Q. Diazirines as Potential Molecular Imaging Tags: Probing the Requirements for Efficient and Long‐Lived SABRE‐Induced Hyperpolarization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Shen
- Department of Chemistry Duke University French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Angus W. J. Logan
- Department of Chemistry Duke University French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Johannes F. P. Colell
- Department of Chemistry Duke University French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Junu Bae
- Department of Chemistry Duke University French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Gerardo X. Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry Duke University French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry Duke University French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Warren S. Warren
- Department of Chemistry Duke University French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
- Department of Physics Duke University USA
- Department of Radiology Duke University USA
| | - Steven J. Malcolmson
- Department of Chemistry Duke University French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry Duke University French Family Science Center 124 Science Drive Durham NC 27708 USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Shen K, Logan AWJ, Colell JFP, Bae J, Ortiz GX, Theis T, Warren WS, Malcolmson SJ, Wang Q. Diazirines as Potential Molecular Imaging Tags: Probing the Requirements for Efficient and Long-Lived SABRE-Induced Hyperpolarization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12112-12116. [PMID: 28664640 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Diazirines are an attractive class of potential molecular tags for magnetic resonance imaging owing to their biocompatibility and ease of incorporation into a large variety of molecules. As recently reported, 15 N2 -diazirine can be hyperpolarized by the SABRE-SHEATH method, sustaining both singlet and magnetization states, thus offering a path to long-lived polarization storage. Herein, we show the generality of this approach by illustrating that the diazirine tag alone is sufficient for achieving excellent signal enhancements with long-lasting polarization. Our investigations reveal the critical role of Lewis basic additives, including water, on achieving SABRE-promoted hyperpolarization. The application of this strategy to a 15 N2 -diazirine-containing choline derivative demonstrates the potential of 15 N2 -diazirines as molecular imaging tags for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Angus W J Logan
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Johannes F P Colell
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Junu Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Gerardo X Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Warren S Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.,Department of Physics, Duke University, USA.,Department of Radiology, Duke University, USA
| | - Steven J Malcolmson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Tayler MCD, Sjolander TF, Pines A, Budker D. Nuclear magnetic resonance at millitesla fields using a zero-field spectrometer. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 270:35-39. [PMID: 27391123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We describe new analytical capabilities for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments in which signal detection is performed with chemical resolution (via spin-spin J couplings) in the zero to ultra-low magnetic field region, below 1μT. Using magnetic fields in the 100μT to 1mT range, we demonstrate the implementation of conventional NMR pulse sequences with spin-species selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C D Tayler
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | | | - Alexander Pines
- College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55099, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kovtunov KV, Salnikov OG, Zhivonitko VV, Skovpin IV, Bukhtiyarov VI, Koptyug IV. Catalysis and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Signal Enhancement with Parahydrogen. Top Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-016-0688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
47
|
Coffey AM, Shchepin RV, Truong ML, Wilkens K, Pham W, Chekmenev EY. Open-Source Automated Parahydrogen Hyperpolarizer for Molecular Imaging Using (13)C Metabolic Contrast Agents. Anal Chem 2016; 88:8279-88. [PMID: 27478927 PMCID: PMC4991553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
![]()
An
open-source hyperpolarizer producing 13C hyperpolarized
contrast agents using parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) for
biomedical and other applications is presented. This PHIP hyperpolarizer
utilizes an Arduino microcontroller in conjunction with a readily
modified graphical user interface written in the open-source processing
software environment to completely control the PHIP hyperpolarization
process including remotely triggering an NMR spectrometer for efficient
production of payloads of hyperpolarized contrast agent and in situ quality assurance of the produced hyperpolarization.
Key advantages of this hyperpolarizer include: (i) use of open-source
software and hardware seamlessly allowing for replication and further
improvement as well as readily customizable integration with other
NMR spectrometers or MRI scanners (i.e., this is a multiplatform design),
(ii) relatively low cost and robustness, and (iii) in situ detection capability and complete automation. The device performance
is demonstrated by production of a dose (∼2–3 mL) of
hyperpolarized 13C-succinate with %P13C ∼ 28% and 30 mM concentration and 13C-phospholactate
at %P13C ∼ 15% and 25 mM concentration
in aqueous medium. These contrast agents are used for ultrafast molecular
imaging and spectroscopy at 4.7 and 0.0475 T. In particular, the conversion
of hyperpolarized 13C-phospholactate to 13C-lactate in vivo is used here to demonstrate the feasibility of ultrafast
multislice 13C MRI after tail vein injection of hyperpolarized 13C-phospholactate in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Theis T, Ortiz GX, Logan AWJ, Claytor KE, Feng Y, Huhn WP, Blum V, Malcolmson SJ, Chekmenev EY, Wang Q, Warren WS. Direct and cost-efficient hyperpolarization of long-lived nuclear spin states on universal (15)N2-diazirine molecular tags. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1501438. [PMID: 27051867 PMCID: PMC4820385 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1501438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Conventional magnetic resonance (MR) faces serious sensitivity limitations which can be overcome by hyperpolarization methods, but the most common method (dynamic nuclear polarization) is complex and expensive, and applications are limited by short spin lifetimes (typically seconds) of biologically relevant molecules. We use a recently developed method, SABRE-SHEATH, to directly hyperpolarize (15)N2 magnetization and long-lived (15)N2 singlet spin order, with signal decay time constants of 5.8 and 23 minutes, respectively. We find >10,000-fold enhancements generating detectable nuclear MR signals that last for over an hour. (15)N2-diazirines represent a class of particularly promising and versatile molecular tags, and can be incorporated into a wide range of biomolecules without significantly altering molecular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Corresponding author. E-mail: (W.S.W.); (Q.W.); (T.T.)
| | | | | | | | - Yesu Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - William P. Huhn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Volker Blum
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Corresponding author. E-mail: (W.S.W.); (Q.W.); (T.T.)
| | - Warren S. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Corresponding author. E-mail: (W.S.W.); (Q.W.); (T.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pravdivtsev AN, Ivanov KL, Yurkovskaya AV, Petrov PA, Limbach HH, Kaptein R, Vieth HM. Spin polarization transfer mechanisms of SABRE: A magnetic field dependent study. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2015; 261:73-82. [PMID: 26529205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the magnetic field dependence of Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) arising from binding of para-hydrogen (p-H2) and a substrate to a suitable transition metal complex. The magnetic field dependence of the amplification of the (1)H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) signals of the released substrates and dihydrogen, and the transient transition metal dihydride species shows characteristic patterns, which is explained using the theory presented here. The generation of SABRE is most efficient at low magnetic fields due to coherent spin mixing at nuclear spin Level Anti-Crossings (LACs) in the SABRE complexes. We studied two Ir-complexes and have shown that the presence of a (31)P atom in the SABRE complex doubles the number of LACs and, consequently, the number of peaks in the SABRE field dependence. Interestingly, the polarization of SABRE substrates is always accompanied by the para-to-ortho conversion in dihydride species that results in enhancement of the NMR signal of free (H2) and catalyst-bound H2 (Ir-HH). The field dependences of hyperpolarized H2 and Ir-HH by means of SABRE are studied here, for the first time, in detail. The field dependences depend on the chemical shifts and coupling constants of Ir-HH, in which the polarization transfer takes place. A negative coupling constant of -7Hz between the two chemically equivalent but magnetically inequivalent hydride nuclei is determined, which indicates that Ir-HH is a dihydride with an HH distance larger than 2Å. Finally, the field dependence of SABRE at high fields as found earlier has been investigated and attributed to polarization transfer to the substrate by cross-relaxation. The present study provides further evidence for the key role of LACs in the formation of SABRE-derived polarization. Understanding the spin dynamics behind the SABRE method opens the way to optimizing its performance and overcoming the main limitation of NMR, its notoriously low sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Pavel A Petrov
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Hans-Heinrich Limbach
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Robert Kaptein
- Utrecht University, Bijvoet Center, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Martin Vieth
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, Berlin 14195, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Pravdivtsev AN, Yurkovskaya AV, Ivanov KL, Vieth HM. Importance of polarization transfer in reaction products for interpreting and analyzing CIDNP at low magnetic fields. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2015; 254:35-47. [PMID: 25797825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic field dependence of Chemically Induced Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (CIDNP) was studied for the amino acids N-acetyl histidine, N-acetyl tryptophan and N-acetyl tyrosine. It is demonstrated that at low field CIDNP is strongly affected by polarization redistribution in the diamagnetic molecules. Such a polarization transfer is of coherent nature and is due to spin coherences formed together with non-equilibrium population of the spin states. These coherences clearly manifest themselves in an oscillatory time dependence of polarization. Polarization transfer effects are most pronounced at nuclear spin Level Anti-Crossings (LACs), which also result in sharp features in the CIDNP field dependence. Thus, polarization transfer is an important factor, which has to be taken into account in order to interpret low-field CIDNP data on both qualitative and quantitative level. Possible applications of polarization transfer phenomena are also discussed in the paper. In particular, the role of LACs in spin order transfer is highlighted: LACs provide a new tool for precise manipulation of spin hyperpolarization and NMR enhancement of selected target spins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N Pravdivtsev
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Hans-Martin Vieth
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|