1
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Choi YJ, Koo J, Wi Y, Jang J, Oh M, Rim M, Ko H, Yoon WJ, You NH, Jeong KU. Coatable Negative Dispersion Retarder: Kinetically Controlled Self-Assembly Pathway of Butterfly-Shaped Molecular Building Blocks for the Construction of Nanocolumns. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41000-41006. [PMID: 37585907 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Disc-shaped building blocks with columnar phases have attracted attention for their potential in optical applications, including a retarder. However, to achieve coatable high-performance optical films, it is essential to understand a subtle interaction balance between building blocks and relevant self-assembled behaviors during material processing. Herein, we studied a self-assembled nanocolumn evaluation of linear butterfly-shaped dendrons (T-A3D) consisting of thiophene-based conjugated core and flexible alkyl dendron. X-ray diffraction provided insight into the unique hexagonal columnar liquid crystal phase of T-A3D, driven by intermolecular hydrogen bonding and coplanarity of the thiophene-based conjugated core. The formation of a self-assembled nanocolumn with high mobility enabled the uniaxial orientation of butterfly-shaped T-A3D on the aligned rod-shaped nematic reactive mesogens, resulting in a transparent and colorless two-layered negative retarder. The self-assembled nanocolumn consisting of butterfly-shaped molecule would break a new ground for developing advanced optical thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Choi
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology and Department of Nanoconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jahyeon Koo
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology and Department of Nanoconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjae Wi
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology and Department of Nanoconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhwa Jang
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology and Department of Nanoconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Mintaek Oh
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology and Department of Nanoconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Rim
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology and Department of Nanoconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Ko
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology and Department of Nanoconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jin Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Nam-Ho You
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Chudong-ro 92, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Un Jeong
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology and Department of Nanoconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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2
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Cao Y, Alaasar M, Zhang L, Zhu C, Tschierske C, Liu F. Supramolecular meso-Trick: Ambidextrous Mirror Symmetry Breaking in a Liquid Crystalline Network with Tetragonal Symmetry. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6936-6945. [PMID: 35394276 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bicontinuous and multicontinuous network phases are among nature's most complex structures in soft matter systems. Here, a chiral bicontinuous tetragonal phase is reported as a new stable liquid crystalline intermediate phase at the transition between two cubic phases, the achiral double gyroid and the chiral triple network cubic phase with an I23 space group, both formed by dynamic networks of helices. The mirror symmetry of the double gyroid, representing a meso-structure of two enantiomorphic networks, is broken at the transition to this tetragonal phase by retaining uniform helicity only along one network while losing it along the other one. This leads to a conglomerate of enantiomorphic tetragonal space groups, P41212 and P43212. Phase structures and chirality were analyzed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), resonant soft X-ray scattering (RSoXS) at the carbon K-edge, and model-dependent SAXS/RSoXS simulation. Our findings not only lead to a new bicontinuous network-type three-dimensional mesophase but also reveal a mechanism of mirror symmetry breaking in soft matter by partial meso-structure racemization at the transition from enantiophilic to enantiophobic interhelical self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Mohamed Alaasar
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, Halle (Saale) D-06120, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Carsten Tschierske
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, Halle (Saale) D-06120, Germany
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
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3
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Li Y, Zhang C, Ling S, Ma C, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Zhao R, Li H, Lu J, Zhang Q. Toward Highly Robust Nonvolatile Multilevel Memory by Fine Tuning of the Nanostructural Crystalline Solid-State Order. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100102. [PMID: 33788423 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic resistive memory (ORM) offers great promise for next-generation high-density multilevel-cell (MLC) data storage. However, the fine tuning of crystalline order among its active layer still remains challenging, which largely restricts ORM behavior. Here, an exceptional solid-state transition from disordered orientations to highly-uniform orientation within the ORM layer is facilely triggered via molecular strategic tailoring. Two diketopyrrolopyrrole-based small molecular analogues (NI1 TDPP and NI2 TDPP) are demonstrated to display different symmetry. The asymmetric NI1 TDPP shows an irregular solid-state texture, while the centro-symmetric NI2 TDPP conforms to an ordered out-of-plane single-crystalline pattern that aligns with the foremost charge transportation along the substrate normal, and exhibits excellent MLC memory characteristics. Moreover, this highly oriented pattern guarantees the large-area film uniformity, leading to the twofold increase in the yield of as-fabricated ORM devices. This study reveals that the solid-state crystalline nanostructural order of organic materials can be controlled by reasonable molecular design to actuate high-performance organic electronic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Songtao Ling
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Chunlan Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Jinlei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Yucheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Run Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jianmei Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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4
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Herkert L, Selter P, Daniliuc CG, Bäumer N, Palakkal JP, Fernández G, Hansen MR. Tuning the Molecular Packing of Self-Assembled Amphiphilic Pt II Complexes by Varying the Hydrophilic Side-Chain Length. Chemistry 2021; 27:4617-4626. [PMID: 33350532 PMCID: PMC7986126 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between molecular design and packing modes constitutes one of the major challenges in self‐assembly and is essential for the preparation of functional materials. Herein, we have achieved high precision control over the supramolecular packing of amphiphilic PtII complexes by systematic variation of the hydrophilic side‐chain length. A novel approach of general applicability based on complementary X‐ray diffraction and solid‐state NMR spectroscopy has allowed us to establish a clear correlation between molecular features and supramolecular ordering. Systematically increasing the side‐chain length gradually increases the steric demand and reduces the extent of aromatic interactions, thereby inducing a gradual shift in the molecular packing from parallel to a long‐slipped organization. Notably, our findings highlight the necessity of advanced solid‐state NMR techniques to gain structural information for supramolecular systems where single‐crystal growth is not possible. Our work further demonstrates a new molecular design strategy to modulate aromatic interaction strengths and packing arrangements that could be useful for the engineering of functional materials based on PtII and aromatic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Herkert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße, 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Philipp Selter
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße, 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße, 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jasnamol P Palakkal
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße, 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany
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5
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Rest C, Philips DS, Dünnebacke T, Sutar P, Sampedro A, Droste J, Stepanenko V, Hansen MR, Albuquerque RQ, Fernández G. Tuning Aqueous Supramolecular Polymerization by an Acid-Responsive Conformational Switch. Chemistry 2020; 26:10005-10013. [PMID: 32374463 PMCID: PMC7496824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Besides their widespread use in coordination chemistry, 2,2'-bipyridines are known for their ability to undergo cis-trans conformational changes in response to metal ions and acids, which has been primarily investigated at the molecular level. However, the exploitation of such conformational switching in self-assembly has remained unexplored. In this work, the use of 2,2'-bipyridines as acid-responsive conformational switches to tune supramolecular polymerization processes has been demonstrated. To achieve this goal, we have designed a bipyridine-based linear bolaamphiphile, 1, that forms ordered supramolecular polymers in aqueous media through cooperative aromatic and hydrophobic interactions. Interestingly, addition of acid (TFA) induces the monoprotonation of the 2,2'-bipyridine moiety, leading to a switch in the molecular conformation from a linear (trans) to a V-shaped (cis) state. This increase in molecular distortion along with electrostatic repulsions of the positively charged bipyridine-H+ units attenuate the aggregation tendency and induce a transformation from long fibers to shorter thinner fibers. Our findings may contribute to opening up new directions in molecular switches and stimuli-responsive supramolecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Rest
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Würzburg am Hubland97078WürzburgGermany
| | - Divya Susan Philips
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) MünsterCorrensstraße, 40.48149MünsterGermany
| | - Torsten Dünnebacke
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) MünsterCorrensstraße, 40.48149MünsterGermany
| | - Papri Sutar
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) MünsterCorrensstraße, 40.48149MünsterGermany
| | - Angel Sampedro
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) MünsterCorrensstraße, 40.48149MünsterGermany
| | - Jörn Droste
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieWWU MünsterCorrensstraße, 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Vladimir Stepanenko
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Würzburg am Hubland97078WürzburgGermany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieWWU MünsterCorrensstraße, 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Rodrigo Q. Albuquerque
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) MünsterCorrensstraße, 40.48149MünsterGermany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) MünsterCorrensstraße, 40.48149MünsterGermany
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6
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Watanabe G, Watanabe H, Suzuki K, Yuge H, Yoshida S, Mandai T, Yoneda S, Sato H, Hara M, Yoshida J. Visualizing the helical stacking of octahedral metallomesogens with a chiral core. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12134-12137. [PMID: 32966410 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05930g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A combination of grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction and molecular dynamics simulation studies led to the visualization of the stacking structure of a helical columnar liquid crystal formed by enantiopure octahedral metallomesogens with ΔΛ chirality. The helical structure was elucidated as a hybrid of two major proposed structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Watanabe
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Hideyo Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Kota Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Hidetaka Yuge
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Yoshida
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Takuyoshi Mandai
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Shigetaka Yoneda
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Hisako Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Jun Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan.
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7
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Liu E, Li L, Davis K, Zhang G. Synthesis and structural characterization of dinuclear Zinc(II) and Europium(III) complexes based on a bis-hydrazone ligand. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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8
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Sahoo D, Imam MR, Peterca M, Partridge BE, Wilson DA, Zeng X, Ungar G, Heiney PA, Percec V. Hierarchical Self-Organization of Chiral Columns from Chiral Supramolecular Spheres. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13478-13487. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Sahoo
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Mohammad R. Imam
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Mihai Peterca
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, United States
| | - Benjamin E. Partridge
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Daniela A. Wilson
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Xiangbing Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Goran Ungar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Paul A. Heiney
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, United States
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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9
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Bohle A, Dudenko D, Koenen N, Sebastiani D, Allard S, Scherf U, Spiess HW, Hansen MR. A Generalized Packing Model for Bulk Crystalline Regioregular Poly(3-alkylthiophenes) with Extended Side Chains. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bohle
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Dmytro Dudenko
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Nils Koenen
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gauss-Straße 20 42097 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Daniel Sebastiani
- Department of Chemistry; Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 06120 Halle/Saale Germany
| | - Sybille Allard
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gauss-Straße 20 42097 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Ullrich Scherf
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gauss-Straße 20 42097 Wuppertal Germany
| | | | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstr. 28/30 48149 Münster Germany
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10
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Sivadas AP, Rao DSS, Kumar NSS, Prabhu DD, Varghese S, Ramachandran CN, Ongungal RM, Krishna Prasad S, Das S. Self-Assembling and Luminescent Properties of Chiral Bisoxadiazole Derivatives in Solution and Liquid-Crystalline Phases. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:1922-1929. [PMID: 28170256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b09820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis, self-assembly, and electroluminescence characteristics of a new green-emitting, pseudodiscoid chiral molecule, OXDC, containing an electron-donating stilbene core and an electron-accepting oxadiazole substituent. The helical organization and specific interaction of the chiral pseudodiscoid molecule resulted in the formation of self-assembled nanofibers with a columnar superstructure. Macroscopic chirality was observed in both the liquid-crystalline phases and the self-assembled nanofibers of OXDC, a feature which was absent in the analogous achiral oxadiazole derivative reported earlier [ Sivadas , A. P. ; Supergelation via Purely Aromatic π-π Driven Self-Assembly of Pseudodiscotic Oxadiazole Mesogens . J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014 , 136 , 5416 - 5423 ]. A high-performance organic light-emitting device was demonstrated using OXDC as the emitting material, with a luminous intensity of 10 115 cd m-2 at 5 V and chromaticity coordinates of (0.32, 0.51).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh P Sivadas
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) and Network of Institutes for Solar Energy, CSIR , Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - D S Shankar Rao
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences , Jalahalli, Bangalore 560013, India
| | - N S Saleesh Kumar
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) and Network of Institutes for Solar Energy, CSIR , Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - Deepak D Prabhu
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) and Network of Institutes for Solar Energy, CSIR , Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - Shinto Varghese
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) and Network of Institutes for Solar Energy, CSIR , Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - C N Ramachandran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Rahul M Ongungal
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) and Network of Institutes for Solar Energy, CSIR , Trivandrum 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NIIST , Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - S Krishna Prasad
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences , Jalahalli, Bangalore 560013, India
| | - Suresh Das
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) and Network of Institutes for Solar Energy, CSIR , Trivandrum 695019, India.,Kerala State Council for Science Technology and Environment , Sasthra Bhavan, Pattom, Trivandrum 695004, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NIIST , Trivandrum 695019, India
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11
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Zhu C, Mu AU, Lin YH, Guo ZH, Yuan T, Wheeler SE, Fang L. Molecular Coplanarity and Self-Assembly Promoted by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds. Org Lett 2016; 18:6332-6335. [PMID: 27978664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Active conformational control is realized in a conjugated system using intramolecular hydrogen bonds to achieve tailored molecular, supramolecular, and solid-state properties. The hydrogen bonding functionalities are fused to the backbone and precisely preorganized to enforce a fully coplanar conformation of the π-system, leading to short π-π stacking distances, controllable molecular self-assembly, and solid-state growth of one-dimensional nano-/microfibers. This investigation demonstrates the efficiency and significance of an intramolecular noncovalent approach in promoting conformational control and self-assembly of organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congzhi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Anthony U Mu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Yen-Hao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Zi-Hao Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Tianyu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Steven E Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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12
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Liu Y, Marszalek T, Müllen K, Pisula W, Feng X. Derivatizing Tribenzothiophene-Fused Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenes with Tunable Optoelectronic Properties. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:2107-12. [PMID: 27348404 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A series of trisbenzothieno[1,2:7,8:13,14]hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenes were synthesized and characterized by a combination of NMR, 2D NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, and 2D-WAXS measurement. By structural modulation like decoration of electro-donating alkoxyl chain, and conversion from an electron-rich thiophene ring into an electron-poor thiophene-S,S-dioxide moiety, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels of the hexabenzocoronenes derivatives can be effectively tuned which is further verified by the DFT calculations and cyclic voltammetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tomasz Marszalek
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany. .,Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and, Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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13
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Kotwica K, Kostyuchenko AS, Data P, Marszalek T, Skorka L, Jaroch T, Kacka S, Zagorska M, Nowakowski R, Monkman AP, Fisyuk AS, Pisula W, Pron A. Star-Shaped Conjugated Molecules with Oxa- or Thiadiazole Bithiophene Side Arms. Chemistry 2016; 22:11795-806. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kotwica
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anastasia S. Kostyuchenko
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Omsk F. M. Dostoevsky State University; Mira av. 55A Omsk Russian Federation
- Laboratory of New Organic Materials; Omsk State Technical University; Mira av. 11 Omsk 644050 Russian Federation
| | - Przemyslaw Data
- Physics Department; University of Durham; South Road Durham DH1 3LE United Kingdom
| | - Tomasz Marszalek
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Lukasz Skorka
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Tomasz Jaroch
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Sylwia Kacka
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zagorska
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Robert Nowakowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Andrew P. Monkman
- Physics Department; University of Durham; South Road Durham DH1 3LE United Kingdom
| | - Alexander S. Fisyuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Omsk F. M. Dostoevsky State University; Mira av. 55A Omsk Russian Federation
- Laboratory of New Organic Materials; Omsk State Technical University; Mira av. 11 Omsk 644050 Russian Federation
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Department of Molecular Physics; Faculty of Chemistry; Lodz University of Technology; Zeromskiego 116 90-924 Lodz Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00664 Warsaw Poland
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14
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Wöhrle T, Wurzbach I, Kirres J, Kostidou A, Kapernaum N, Litterscheidt J, Haenle JC, Staffeld P, Baro A, Giesselmann F, Laschat S. Discotic Liquid Crystals. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1139-241. [PMID: 26483267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 418] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wöhrle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Wurzbach
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jochen Kirres
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Antonia Kostidou
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nadia Kapernaum
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Juri Litterscheidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Christian Haenle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Staffeld
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Angelika Baro
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Giesselmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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15
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Synthesis and mesophases of C3h-symmetric 2,4,6-tris(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine derivatives with intramolecular hydrogen bonding networks. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Hansen MR, Graf R, Spiess HW. Interplay of Structure and Dynamics in Functional Macromolecular and Supramolecular Systems As Revealed by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1272-308. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ryan Hansen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, P.O. Box 3148, 55021 Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Graf
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, P.O. Box 3148, 55021 Mainz, Germany
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17
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Narita A, Verzhbitskiy IA, Frederickx W, Mali KS, Jensen SA, Hansen MR, Bonn M, De Feyter S, Casiraghi C, Feng X, Müllen K. Bottom-up synthesis of liquid-phase-processable graphene nanoribbons with near-infrared absorption. ACS NANO 2014; 8:11622-30. [PMID: 25338208 DOI: 10.1021/nn5049014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Structurally defined, long (>100 nm), and low-band-gap (∼1.2 eV) graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) were synthesized through a bottom-up approach, enabling GNRs with a broad absorption spanning into the near-infrared (NIR) region. The chemical identity of GNRs was validated by IR, Raman, solid-state NMR, and UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy. Atomic force microscopy revealed well-ordered self-assembled monolayers of uniform GNRs on a graphite surface upon deposition from the liquid phase. The broad absorption of the low-band-gap GNRs enables their detailed characterization by Raman and time-resolved terahertz photoconductivity spectroscopy with excitation at multiple wavelengths, including the NIR region, which provides further insights into the fundamental physical properties of such graphene nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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18
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Shayeganfar F. Columnar organization of stack-assembled trimesic acid on graphene. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:435305. [PMID: 25299971 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/43/435305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The stack-assembly of trimesic acid molecules into a highly organized columnar structure and their adsorption on graphene has been investigated by a DFT-based ab initio calculation method. Trimesic acid (TMA, benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid) constitutes an interesting building block for intermolecular hydrogen-bonding architecture by creating a strong net dipole moment which favors a symmetric π-stacking of molecular wire. Both the single orientation (syn) and alternating orientation (anti) of two- and three-unit TMA configurations are optimized, and determine that anti or AB pattern TMA wire is energetically more favorable than the syn case. Meanwhile, a decreasing band gap during the formation of the molecular wire proves the presence of delocalized π-electrons over the entire stack-assembly. The adsorption energy for a columnar TMA stack on graphene was found to be roughly less than of a single TMA adsorbed on graphene. The relative contribution of hydrogen bonding to column packing energy showed to be comparative and reasonable, with the energy of a conventional hydrogen bond. The magnitude of the band gap opening appears strongly correlated with the breaking of the symmetry of π-states of graphene by the TMA columnar patterning on the surface. Our results suggest that a stack-assembled molecular could be used to tune and control the electronic properties of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Shayeganfar
- Engineering Physics Department and Regroupement québécois sur les matériaux de pointe (RQMP), Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
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19
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El Gemayel M, Narita A, Dössel LF, Sundaram RS, Kiersnowski A, Pisula W, Hansen MR, Ferrari AC, Orgiu E, Feng X, Müllen K, Samorì P. Graphene nanoribbon blends with P3HT for organic electronics. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:6301-6314. [PMID: 24733615 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00256c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) the electrical characteristics of polymeric semiconducting materials suffer from the presence of structural/morphological defects and grain boundaries as well as amorphous domains within the film, hindering an efficient transport of charges. To improve the percolation of charges we blend a regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with newly designed N = 18 armchair graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). The latter, prepared by a bottom-up solution synthesis, are expected to form solid aggregates which cannot be easily interfaced with metallic electrodes, limiting charge injection at metal-semiconductor interfaces, and are characterized by a finite size, thus by grain boundaries, which negatively affect the charge transport within the film. Both P3HT and GNRs are soluble/dispersible in organic solvents, enabling the use of a single step co-deposition process. The resulting OFETs show a three-fold increase in the charge carrier mobilities in blend films, when compared to pure P3HT devices. This behavior can be ascribed to GNRs, and aggregates thereof, facilitating the transport of the charges within the conduction channel by connecting the domains of the semiconductor film. The electronic characteristics of the devices such as the Ion/Ioff ratio are not affected by the addition of GNRs at different loads. Studies of the electrical characteristics under illumination for potential use of our blend films as organic phototransistors (OPTs) reveal a tunable photoresponse. Therefore, our strategy offers a new method towards the enhancement of the performance of OFETs, and holds potential for technological applications in (opto)electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella El Gemayel
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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20
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Dam HH, Sun K, Hanssen E, White JM, Marszalek T, Pisula W, Czolk J, Ludwig J, Colsmann A, Pfaff M, Gerthsen D, Wong WWH, Jones DJ. Morphology change and improved efficiency in organic photovoltaics via hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene templates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:8824-8835. [PMID: 24848983 DOI: 10.1021/am5015666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of the active layer in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is of crucial importance as it greatly influences charge generation and transport. A templating interlayer between the electrode and the active layer can change active layer morphology and influence the domain orientation. A series of amphiphilic interface modifiers (IMs) combining a hydrophilic polyethylene-glycol (PEG) oligomer and a hydrophobic hexabenzocoronene (HBC) were designed to be soluble in PEDOT:PSS solutions, and surface accumulate on drying. These IMs are able to self-assemble in solution. When IMs are deposited on top of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film, they induce a morphology change of the active layer consisting of discotic fluorenyl-substituted HBC (FHBC) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). However, when only small amounts (0.2 wt %) of IMs are blended into PEDOT:PSS, a profound change of the active layer morphology is also observed. Morphology changes were monitored by grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), TEM tomography, and low-energy high-angle angular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF STEM). The interface modification resulted in a 20% enhancement of power conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henk H Dam
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne , 30 Flemmington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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21
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Dai Y, Zhao X, Su X, Li G, Zhang A. Supramolecular Assembly of C3Peptidic Molecules into Helical Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:1326-31. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutang Dai
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry; Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering; Department of Chemistry; Shanghai University; Materials Building Room 447, Nanchen Street 333 Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry; Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering; Department of Chemistry; Shanghai University; Materials Building Room 447, Nanchen Street 333 Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Xinyan Su
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry; Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering; Department of Chemistry; Shanghai University; Materials Building Room 447, Nanchen Street 333 Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Afang Zhang
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry; Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering; Department of Chemistry; Shanghai University; Materials Building Room 447, Nanchen Street 333 Shanghai 200444 China
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22
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Kins CF, Sengupta E, Kaltbeitzel A, Wagner M, Lieberwirth I, Spiess HW, Hansen MR. Morphological Anisotropy and Proton Conduction in Multiblock Copolyimide Electrolyte Membranes. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma500253s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph F. Kins
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Esha Sengupta
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Anke Kaltbeitzel
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans Wolfgang Spiess
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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23
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Rieth T, Marszalek T, Pisula W, Detert H. Thermotropic Properties and Molecular Packing of Discotic Tristriazolotriazines with Rigid Substituents. Chemistry 2014; 20:5000-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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24
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Jeżewski W. Complex superstructures in chiral liquid crystals: surface-induced helix destruction. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 89:032501. [PMID: 24730858 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.032501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The influence of surface anchoring in thin chiral ferroelectric liquid crystals on helical superstructures imposed onto smectic layers is studied by means of a simple model allowing surface anchoring through the self-depolarization effect. It is shown that, for narrow temperature ranges close to temperatures of tilting phase transitions, these interactions can destroy helices, leading to the emergence of complex, intertwined undulatory, and helical substructures with different, mainly short, pitches. Regions with both undulated and helical orderings are demonstrated to reveal different sizes and random distributions along the smectic layer normal. Assuming values of material model parameters, typical for liquid crystals being close to tilting phase transitions, the free energy of thin helical smectic liquid crystal systems is determined as a function of two variables. One of them specifies the helix period of the appropriate bulk system (unperturbed by surfaces), while the second describes the interplay between the surface anchoring and the liquid crystal elasticity. It is shown that the free energy exhibits a very complicated behavior within variable regions for which the regular helices or complex superstructures occur. The resulting sensitivity of the free energy on changes of these variables corresponds to the appearance of a large variety of complex superstructures with coexisting helices of different periods. This gives an explanation of the occurrence of intricate superstructures and provides new insight into the interplay between molecular and surface interactions near the tilting phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Jeżewski
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179 Poznań, Poland
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25
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Graf R, Hansen MR, Hinderberger D, Muennemann K, Spiess HW. Advanced magnetic resonance strategies for the elucidation of nanostructured soft matter. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:9700-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54614d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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