1
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Nagashima I, Shimizu H. Preparation of Mucin Glycopeptides by Organic Synthesis. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2763:187-199. [PMID: 38347411 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3670-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Mucins are sugar-rich glycoproteins. Glycoprotein sugar moieties are structurally diverse, making it difficult to obtain naturally pure glycoproteins. Chemical synthesis is a powerful tool for obtaining target or designed compounds. Automated peptide synthesizers are commercially available, and many use the solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) method. In addition, some of these synthesizers apply microwave irradiation to obtain higher reaction yields, thereby enabling the synthesis of 40 to 50 amino acid residual glycopeptides. Theoretically, glycopeptides can be synthesized using methods similar to those used for peptide synthesis, but glycosylated amino acid synthons are less stable than amino acid synthons and are also very expensive. Therefore, they are not suitable for use in large excess amounts. Many of oligosaccharide-linked amino acid synthons are not commercially available, so they must be specially prepared, and they also require careful handling that demands specific organic synthesis experience and techniques. However, monosaccharide-linked amino acid synthons are commercially available and are relatively easy to handle. Here, as an entry into glycopeptide synthesis, we describe a typical glycopeptide synthesis procedure for a 27 amino acid residual MUC1 repeating unit with monosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izuru Nagashima
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan.
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2
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Nakahama K, Izumi M, Yoshimoto N, Fukui M, Sugimoto A, Nagamine H, Ogawa K, Sawa K, Tani Y, Kaneda H, Mitsuoka S, Watanabe T, Asai K, Kawaguchi T. Clinical significance of KL-6 in immune-checkpoint inhibitor treatment for non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 92:381-390. [PMID: 37606723 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04573-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) functions as a tumor marker, as well as a diagnostic tool for interstitial pneumonia (IP). However, the significance of KL-6 in the immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially in patients without IP, is unknown. METHODS This multicenter, retrospective study, which included patients with advanced NSCLC who received ICI therapy, analyzed the association between serum KL-6 values and ICI efficacy and the association between serum KL-6 values and ICI-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) occurrence, focusing primarily on patients without IP. RESULTS In total, 322 patients had available KL-6 values before ICI therapy. Among 202 patients without IP who received ICI monotherapy, the high-KL-6 group (≥ 500 U/mL) showed significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than the low-KL-6 group (< 500 U/mL) (median: 2.1 vs. 3.6 months, p = 0.048; median: 9.2 vs. 14.5 months, p = 0.035). There was no significant difference in response rate between the KL-6 high and low groups (19% vs. 29%, p = 0.14). In the multivariate analysis, high KL-6 was a significant predictor of poor PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-2.11, p = 0.012) and OS (HR, 1.51; 95% CI 1.07 - 2.13, p = 0.019) for patients treated with ICI monotherapy. There was no significant difference in the occurrence rate of ILD between the high KL-6 and low KL-6 groups in patients with (20% vs. 15%, p = 1.00) or without IP (12% vs. 12%, p = 1.00). CONCLUSION In ICI monotherapy for NSCLC without IP, elevated serum KL-6 levels were associated with poorer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nakahama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Motohiro Izumi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Bell Land General Hospital, Sakai, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoshimoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ishikiriseiki Hospital, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Fukui
- Department of Laboratory of Statistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Sugimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagamine
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Koichi Ogawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Sawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yoko Tani
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Kaneda
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mitsuoka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Asai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kawaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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Wakui H, Yokoi Y, Horidome C, Ose T, Yao M, Tanaka Y, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. Structural and molecular insight into antibody recognition of dynamic neoepitopes in membrane tethered MUC1 of pancreatic cancer cells and secreted exosomes. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:564-572. [PMID: 37547453 PMCID: PMC10398351 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00036b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is highly metastatic and has poor prognosis, mainly due to delayed detection, often after metastasis has occurred. A novel method to enable early detection and disease intervention is strongly needed. Here we unveil for the first time that pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1) and secreted exosomes express MUC1 bearing cancer-relevant dynamic epitopes recognized specifically by an anti-MUC1 antibody (SN-131), which binds specifically core 1 but not core 2 type O-glycans found in normal cells. Comprehensive assessment of the essential epitope for SN-131 indicates that PANC-1 cells produce dominantly MUC1 with aberrant O-glycoforms such as Tn, T, and sialyl T (ST) antigens. Importantly, SN-131 showed the highest affinity with MUC1 bearing ST antigen at the immunodominant DTR motif (KD = 1.58 nM) independent of the glycosylation states of other Ser/Thr residues in the MUC1 tandem repeats. The X-ray structure revealed that SN-131 interacts directly with Neu5Ac and root GalNAc of the ST antigen in addition to the proximal peptide region. Our results demonstrate that targeting O-glycosylated "dynamic neoepitopes" found in the membrane-tethered MUC1 is a promising therapeutic strategy for improving the treatment outcome of patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Wakui
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11 Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yokoi
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11 Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Chieko Horidome
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11 Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Ose
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8 Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Min Yao
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8 Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11 Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11 Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
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Detwiler RE, Kramer JR. Preparation and applications of artificial mucins in biomedicine. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022; 26:101031. [PMID: 37283850 PMCID: PMC10243510 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2022.101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Mucus is an essential barrier material that separates organisms from the outside world. This slippery material regulates the transport of nutrients, drugs, gases, and pathogens toward the cell surface. The surface of the cell itself is coated in a mucus-like barrier of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Mucin glycoproteins are the primary component of mucus and the epithelial glycocalyx. Aberrant mucin production is implicated in diverse disease states from cancer and inflammation to pre-term birth and infection. Biological mucins are inherently heterogenous in structure, which has challenged understanding their molecular functions as a barrier and as biochemically active proteins. Therefore, many synthetic materials have been developed as artificial mucins with precisely tunable structures. This review highlights advances in design and synthesis of artificial mucins and their application in biomedical studies of mucin chemistry, biology, and physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Detwiler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch
Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jessica R. Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch
Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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5
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Kohout VR, Wardzala CL, Kramer JR. Synthesis and biomedical applications of mucin mimic materials. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 191:114540. [PMID: 36228896 PMCID: PMC10066857 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Mucin glycoproteins are the major component of mucus and coat epithelial cell surfaces forming the glycocalyx. The glycocalyx and mucus are involved in the transport of nutrients, drugs, gases, and pathogens toward the cell surface. Mucins are also involved in diverse diseases such as cystic fibrosis and cancer. Due to inherent heterogeneity in native mucin structure, many synthetic materials have been designed to probe mucin chemistry, biology, and physics. Such materials include various glycopolymers, low molecular weight glycopeptides, glycopolypeptides, polysaccharides, and polysaccharide-protein conjugates. This review highlights advances in the area of design and synthesis of mucin mimic materials, and their biomedical applications in glycan binding, epithelial models of infection, therapeutic delivery, vaccine formulation, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R Kohout
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Casia L Wardzala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jessica R Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Zhang Z, Xu H, Tian Z. Exploration of quantitative site-specific serum O-glycoproteomics with isobaric labeling for the discovery of putative O-glycoprotein biomarkers. Proteomics Clin Appl 2022; 16:e2100095. [PMID: 35507764 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202100095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exploration study of site-specific isobaric-TMT-labeling quantitative serum O-glycoproteomics for the discovery of putative O-glycoprotein cancer biomarkers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Sera of 10 breast cancer patients was used as the exploration cohort. More abundant N-glycosylation was first removed with PNGase F. After tryptic digestion of de-N-glycosylated serum proteome, the TMT-labeled O-glycopeptides mixture was prepared and analyzed with RPLC-MS/MS. Site-specific qualitative and quantitative database search of O-glycopeptides was carried out with pGlyco 3.0. The same raw datasets were also searched with intact N-glycopeptide search engine GPSeeker to exclude possible interference of N-glycosylation. The final IDs were checked manually with GlcNAc-containing glycosite-determining fragment ions for confirmation. RESULTS With the control of spectrum-level FDR ≤ 1% and manual validation, 299 O-glycopeptides corresponding to 83 O-glycosites and 66 O-glycoproteins were identified, and 13 O-glycopeptides were found differentially expressed. Most interestingly, differential O-glycosylation was observed for IgG1 and IgG3, which is an interesting putative biomarker panel. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Isobaric-labeling site-specific quantitative O-glycoproteomics is currently a state-of-the-art instrumental platform for discovery of putative seral cancer biomarkers. Differential seral O-glycosylation was observed in the IgG1 and IgG3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Zhang
- School of Chemical Science & Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixin Tian
- School of Chemical Science & Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Shiratori K, Yokoi Y, Wakui H, Hirane N, Otaki M, Hinou H, Yoneyama T, Hatakeyama S, Kimura S, Ohyama C, Nishimura SI. Selective reaction monitoring approach using structure-defined synthetic glycopeptides for validating glycopeptide biomarkers pre-determined by bottom-up glycoproteomics. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21385-21393. [PMID: 35975084 PMCID: PMC9347767 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02903k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clusterin is a heavily glycosylated protein that is upregulated in various cancer and neurological diseases. The findings by the Hancock and Iliopoulos group that levels of the tryptic glycopeptide derived from plasma clusterin, 372Leu-Ala-Asn-Leu-Thr-Gln-Gly-Glu-Asp-Gln-Tyr-Tyr-Leu-Arg385 with a biantennary disialyl N-glycan (A2G2S2 or FA2G2S2) at Asn374 differed significantly prior to and after curative nephrectomy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients motivated us to verify the feasibility of this glycopeptide as a novel biomarker of RCC. To determine the precise N-glycan structure attached to Asn374, whether A2G2S2 is composed of the Neu5Acα2,3Gal or/and the Neu5Acα2,6Gal moiety, we synthesized key glycopeptides having one of the two putative isomers. Selective reaction monitoring assay using synthetic glycopeptides as calibration standards allowed "top-down glycopeptidomics" for the absolute quantitation of targeted label-free glycopeptides in a range from 313.3 to 697.5 nM in the complex tryptic digests derived from serum samples of RCC patients and healthy controls. Our results provided evidence that the Asn374 residue of human clusterin is modified dominantly with the Neu5Acα2,6Gal structure and the levels of clusterin bearing an A2G2S2 with homo Neu5Acα2,6Gal terminals at Asn374 decrease significantly in RCC patients as compared with healthy controls. The present study elicits that a new strategy integrating the bottom-up glycoproteomics with top-down glycopeptidomics using structure-defined synthetic glycopeptides enables the confident identification and quantitation of the glycopeptide targets pre-determined by the existing methods for intact glycopeptide profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouta Shiratori
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yokoi
- ENU Pharma, Co., Ltd N7, W6, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0807 Japan
| | - Hajime Wakui
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Nozomi Hirane
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Michiru Otaki
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Tohru Yoneyama
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University Hirosaki 036-8562 Japan
| | - Shingo Hatakeyama
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University Hirosaki 036-8562 Japan
| | - Satoshi Kimura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Central Clinical Laboratory, Showa University, Northern Yokohama Hospital Yokohama 224-8503 Japan
| | - Chikara Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University Hirosaki 036-8562 Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
- ENU Pharma, Co., Ltd N7, W6, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0807 Japan
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8
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Li Z, Yang D, Guo T, Lin M. Advances in MUC1-Mediated Breast Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070952. [PMID: 35883508 PMCID: PMC9313386 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is the leading cause of death from malignant tumors among women. Fortunately, however, immunotherapy has recently become a prospective BRCA treatment with encouraging achievements and mild safety profiles. Since the overexpression and aberrant glycosylation of MUC1 (human mucin) are closely associated with BRCA, it has become an ideal target for BRCA immunotherapies. In this review, the structure and function of MUC1 are briefly introduced, and the main research achievements in different kinds of MUC1-mediated BRCA immunotherapy are highlighted, from the laboratory to the clinic. Afterward, the future directions of MUC1-mediated BRCA immunotherapy are predicted, addressing, for example, urgent issues in regard to how efficient immunotherapeutic strategies can be generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Li
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dazhuang Yang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Ting Guo
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Taizhou People’s Hospital (Affiliated Hospital 5 of Nantong University), Taizhou 225300, China;
| | - Mei Lin
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Taizhou People’s Hospital (Affiliated Hospital 5 of Nantong University), Taizhou 225300, China;
- Correspondence:
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Lillehoj EP, Luzina IG, Atamas SP. Mammalian Neuraminidases in Immune-Mediated Diseases: Mucins and Beyond. Front Immunol 2022; 13:883079. [PMID: 35479093 PMCID: PMC9035539 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian neuraminidases (NEUs), also known as sialidases, are enzymes that cleave off the terminal neuraminic, or sialic, acid resides from the carbohydrate moieties of glycolipids and glycoproteins. A rapidly growing body of literature indicates that in addition to their metabolic functions, NEUs also regulate the activity of their glycoprotein targets. The simple post-translational modification of NEU protein targets-removal of the highly electronegative sialic acid-affects protein folding, alters protein interactions with their ligands, and exposes or covers proteolytic sites. Through such effects, NEUs regulate the downstream processes in which their glycoprotein targets participate. A major target of desialylation by NEUs are mucins (MUCs), and such post-translational modification contributes to regulation of disease processes. In this review, we focus on the regulatory roles of NEU-modified MUCs as coordinators of disease pathogenesis in fibrotic, inflammatory, infectious, and autoimmune diseases. Special attention is placed on the most abundant and best studied NEU1, and its recently discovered important target, mucin-1 (MUC1). The role of the NEU1 - MUC1 axis in disease pathogenesis is discussed, along with regulatory contributions from other MUCs and other pathophysiologically important NEU targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik P. Lillehoj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Irina G. Luzina
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Research Service, Baltimore Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sergei P. Atamas
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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A Biomonitoring Pilot Study in Workers from a Paints Production Plant Exposed to Pigment-Grade Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2). TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040171. [PMID: 35448433 PMCID: PMC9028136 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Among particulate matter composing paints, titanium dioxide (TiO2) forms about 20% of the final suspension. Although TiO2 is broadly used in many applications, TiO2 powders represent an established respiratory hazard for workers with long-term exposure. In 35 workers of a paints production plant (15 exposed and 20 not exposed), we assessed pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-17), surfactant protein D (SP-D) and Krebs von den Lungen-6 glycoprotein (KL-6) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). In urine samples, we measured 8-isoprostane (Isop) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) as biomarkers of oxidative stress, and Titanium (Ti-U) as a biomarker of exposure. Health status, habits and occupational history were recorded. Airborne respirable dusts and Ti were quantified. Particle number concentration and average diameter (nm) were detected by a NanoTracer™ monitoring device. Ti was measurable in filters collected at the respiratory breathing zone (0.11−0.44 µg/m3 8-h TWA). IL-1β and IL-10 values were significantly higher in exposed workers, whereas SP-D was significantly lower (p < 0.001). KL-6 was significantly higher in workers than in controls (p < 0.01). MDA levels were significantly increased in exposed workers and were positively correlated with Ti-U. Exposure to TiO2 in paint production is associated with the subtle alterations of lung pathobiology. These findings suggest the need for an integrated approach relying on both personal exposure and biomarker assessment to improve the hazard characterisation in occupational settings.
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Wang S, Chen C, Gadi MR, Saikam V, Liu D, Zhu H, Bollag R, Liu K, Chen X, Wang F, Wang PG, Ling P, Guan W, Li L. Chemoenzymatic modular assembly of O-GalNAc glycans for functional glycomics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3573. [PMID: 34117223 PMCID: PMC8196059 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GalNAc glycans (or mucin O-glycans) play pivotal roles in diverse biological and pathological processes, including tumor growth and progression. Structurally defined O-GalNAc glycans are essential for functional studies but synthetic challenges and their inherent structural diversity and complexity have limited access to these compounds. Herein, we report an efficient and robust chemoenzymatic modular assembly (CEMA) strategy to construct structurally diverse O-GalNAc glycans. The key to this strategy is the convergent assembly of O-GalNAc cores 1-4 and 6 from three chemical building blocks, followed by enzymatic diversification of the cores by 13 well-tailored enzyme modules. A total of 83 O-GalNAc glycans presenting various natural glycan epitopes are obtained and used to generate a unique synthetic mucin O-glycan microarray. Binding specificities of glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) including plant lectins and selected anti-glycan antibodies towards these O-GalNAc glycans are revealed by this microarray, promoting their applicability in functional O-glycomics. Serum samples from colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls are assayed using the array reveal higher bindings towards less common cores 3, 4, and 6 than abundant cores 1 and 2, providing insights into O-GalNAc glycan structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Wang
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Congcong Chen
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China ,grid.495839.aShandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, Jinan, 250101 Shandong China
| | - Madhusudhan Reddy Gadi
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Varma Saikam
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Ding Liu
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - He Zhu
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Roni Bollag
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Xi Chen
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Fengshan Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Peng George Wang
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA ,grid.263817.9Present Address: School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong China
| | - Peixue Ling
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China ,grid.495839.aShandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, Jinan, 250101 Shandong China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Wanyi Guan
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024 Hebei China
| | - Lei Li
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
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12
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Bose M, Mukherjee P. Potential of Anti-MUC1 Antibodies as a Targeted Therapy for Gastrointestinal Cancers. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E659. [PMID: 33167508 PMCID: PMC7712407 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers (GI) account for 26% of cancer incidences globally and 35% of all cancer-related deaths. The main challenge is to target cancer specific antigens. Mucins are heavily O-glycosylated proteins overexpressed in different cancers. The transmembrane glycoprotein MUC1 is the most likeable target for antibodies, owing to its specific overexpression and aberrant glycosylation in many types of cancers. For the past 30 years, MUC1 has remained a possible diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. Despite initiation of numerous clinical trials, a comprehensively effective therapy with clinical benefit is yet to be achieved. However, the interest in MUC1 as a therapeutic target remains unaltered. For all translational studies, it is important to incorporate updated relevant research findings into therapeutic strategies. In this review we present an overview of the antibodies targeting MUC1 in GI cancers, their potential role in immunotherapy (i.e., antibody-drug and radioimmunoconjugates, CAR-T cells), and other novel therapeutic strategies. We also present our perspectives on how the mechanisms of action of different anti-MUC1 antibodies can target specific hallmarks of cancer and therefore be utilized as a combination therapy for better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukulika Bose
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
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13
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Pourjafar M, Samadi P, Saidijam M. MUC1 antibody-based therapeutics: the promise of cancer immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2020; 12:1269-1286. [PMID: 33019839 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2020-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-based targeted therapies have been able to target cancers with enhanced specificity and high efficacy. In this regard, identifying cancer markers (antigens) that are only present (tumor-specific antigens) or have an increased expression (tumor-associated antigen) on the surface of cancer cells is a crucial step for targeted cancer treatment. Various cancer antigens have already been used for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. MUC1 is one of the most important tumor markers with high levels of expression in various solid tumors which makes it as a potential target for antibody-based therapies. This review discusses preclinical and clinical results from various platforms based on monoclonal antibodies, nanobodies as well as bispecific antibodies against MUC1. We also highlight unmet challenges that must be overcome to generate more effective cancer immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Pourjafar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Pouria Samadi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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14
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Mehta AY, Veeraiah RKH, Dutta S, Goth CK, Hanes MS, Gao C, Stavenhagen K, Kardish R, Matsumoto Y, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Boyce M, Pohl NLB, Cummings RD. Parallel Glyco-SPOT Synthesis of Glycopeptide Libraries. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1207-1219.e9. [PMID: 32610041 PMCID: PMC7556346 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycan recognition is typically studied using free glycans, but glycopeptide presentations represent more physiological conditions for glycoproteins. To facilitate studies of glycopeptide recognition, we developed Glyco-SPOT synthesis, which enables the parallel production of diverse glycopeptide libraries at microgram scales. The method uses a closed system for prolonged reactions required for coupling Fmoc-protected glycoamino acids, including O-, N-, and S-linked glycosides, and release conditions to prevent side reactions. To optimize reaction conditions and sample reaction progress, we devised a biopsy testing method. We demonstrate the efficient utilization of such microscale glycopeptide libraries to determine the specificity of glycan-recognizing antibodies (e.g., CTD110.6) using microarrays, enzyme specificity on-array and in-solution (e.g., ST6GalNAc1, GCNT1, and T-synthase), and binding kinetics using fluorescence polarization. We demonstrated that the glycosylation on these peptides can be expanded using glycosyltransferases both in-solution and on-array. This technology will promote the discovery of biological functions of peptide modifications by glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akul Y Mehta
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ravi Kumar H Veeraiah
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 120A Simon Hall, 212 South Hawthorne Drive, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Sucharita Dutta
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christoffer K Goth
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Melinda S Hanes
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathrin Stavenhagen
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert Kardish
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Boyce
- Department of Biochemistry and Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nicola L B Pohl
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 120A Simon Hall, 212 South Hawthorne Drive, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, National Center for Functional Glycomics, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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15
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Śliwińska-Mossoń M, Wadowska K, Trembecki Ł, Bil-Lula I. Markers Useful in Monitoring Radiation-Induced Lung Injury in Lung Cancer Patients: A Review. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10030072. [PMID: 32722546 PMCID: PMC7565537 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2018, lung cancer was the most common cancer and the most common cause of cancer death, accounting for a 1.76 million deaths. Radiotherapy (RT) is a widely used and effective non-surgical cancer treatment that induces remission in, and even cures, patients with lung cancer. However, RT faces some restrictions linked to the radioresistance and treatment toxicity, manifesting in radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). About 30–40% of lung cancer patients will develop RILI, which next to the local recurrence and distant metastasis is a substantial challenge to the successful management of lung cancer treatment. These data indicate an urgent need of looking for novel, precise biomarkers of individual response and risk of side effects in the course of RT. The aim of this review was to summarize both preclinical and clinical approaches in RILI monitoring that could be brought into clinical practice. Next to transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) that was reported as one of the most important growth factors expressed in the tissues after ionizing radiation (IR), there is a group of novel, potential biomarkers—microRNAs—that may be used as predictive biomarkers in therapy response and disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Śliwińska-Mossoń
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Ś.-M.); (I.B.-L.)
| | - Katarzyna Wadowska
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Ś.-M.); (I.B.-L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Łukasz Trembecki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lower Silesian Oncology Center, pl. Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, pl. Hirszfelda 12, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Bil-Lula
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Ś.-M.); (I.B.-L.)
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16
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Wakui H, Tanaka Y, Ose T, Matsumoto I, Kato K, Min Y, Tachibana T, Sato M, Naruchi K, Martin FG, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. A straightforward approach to antibodies recognising cancer specific glycopeptidic neoepitopes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4999-5006. [PMID: 34122956 PMCID: PMC8159228 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00317d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrantly truncated immature O-glycosylation in proteins occurs in essentially all types of epithelial cancer cells, which was demonstrated to be a common feature of most adenocarcinomas and strongly associated with cancer proliferation and metastasis. Although extensive efforts have been made toward the development of anticancer antibodies targeting MUC1, one of the most studied mucins having cancer-relevant immature O-glycans, no anti-MUC1 antibody recognises carbohydrates and the proximal MUC1 peptide region, concurrently. Here we present a general strategy that allows for the creation of antibodies interacting specifically with glycopeptidic neoepitopes by using homogeneous synthetic MUC1 glycopeptides designed for the streamlined process of immunization, antibody screening, three-dimensional structure analysis, epitope mapping and biochemical analysis. The X-ray crystal structure of the anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody SN-101 complexed with the antigenic glycopeptide provides for the first time evidence that SN-101 recognises specifically the essential epitope by forming multiple hydrogen bonds both with the proximal peptide and GalNAc linked to the threonine residue, concurrently. Remarkably, the structure of the MUC1 glycopeptide in complex with SN-101 is identical to its solution NMR structure, an extended conformation induced by site-specific glycosylation. We demonstrate that this method accelerates dramatically the development of a new class of designated antibodies targeting a variety of "dynamic neoepitopes" elaborated by disease-specific O-glycosylation in the immunodominant mucin domains and mucin-like sequences found in intrinsically disordered regions of many proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Wakui
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Ose
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Isamu Matsumoto
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Koji Kato
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yao Min
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Taro Tachibana
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Masaharu Sato
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd. N9 W15, Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-0009 Japan
| | - Kentaro Naruchi
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd. N9 W15, Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-0009 Japan
| | - Fayna Garcia Martin
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
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17
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Impaired O-Glycosylation at Consecutive Threonine TTX Motifs in Mucins Generates Conformationally Restricted Cancer Neoepitopes. Biochemistry 2020; 59:1221-1241. [PMID: 32155332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibody signatures of circulating mucin fragments stem from cancer tissues, and microenvironments are promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and therapy. This study highlights dynamic epitopes generated by aberrantly truncated immature O-glycosylation at consecutive threonine motifs (TTX) found in mucins and intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). NMR analysis of synthetic mucin models having glycosylated TTX motifs and colonic MUC2 tandem repeats (TRs) containing TTP and TTL moieties unveils a general principle that O-glycosylation at TTX motifs generates a highly extended and rigid conformation in IDPs. We demonstrate that the specific conformation of glycosylated TTX motifs in MUC2 TRs is rationally rearranged by concerted motions of multiple dihedral angles and noncovalent interactions between the carbohydrate and peptide region. Importantly, this canonical conformation of glycosylated TTX motifs minimizes steric crowding of glycans attached to threonine residues, in which O-glycans possess restricted orientations permitting further sugar extension. An antiadhesive microarray displaying synthetic MUC2 derivatives elicited the presence of natural autoantibodies to MUC2 with impaired O-glycosylation at TTX motifs in sera of healthy volunteers and patients diagnosed with early stage colorectal cancer (CRC). Interestingly, autoantibody levels in sera of the late stage CRC patients were distinctly lower than those of early stage CRC and normal individuals, indicating that the anti-MUC2 humoral response to MUC2 neoepitopes correlates inversely with the CRC stage of patients. Our results uncovered the structural basis of the creation of dynamic epitopes by immature O-glycosylation at TTX motifs in mucins that facilitates the identification of high-potential targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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18
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Denneny E, Sahota J, Beatson R, Thornton D, Burchell J, Porter J. Mucins and their receptors in chronic lung disease. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e01120. [PMID: 32194962 PMCID: PMC7077995 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing recognition that mucus and mucin biology have a considerable impact on respiratory health, and subsequent global morbidity and mortality. Mucins play a critical role in chronic lung disease, not only by providing a physical barrier and clearing pathogens, but also in immune homeostasis. The aim of this review is to familiarise the reader with the role of mucins in both lung health and disease, with particular focus on function in immunity, infection and inflammation. We will also discuss their receptors, termed glycan-binding proteins, and how they provide an attractive prospect for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Denneny
- Leukocyte Trafficking Laboratory Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair UCL Respiratory Rayne Institute University College London London UK
| | - Jagdeep Sahota
- Leukocyte Trafficking Laboratory Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair UCL Respiratory Rayne Institute University College London London UK
| | - Richard Beatson
- Breast Cancer Biology Group Division of Cancer Studies King's College London Guy's Hospital London UK
| | - David Thornton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Joy Burchell
- Breast Cancer Biology Group Division of Cancer Studies King's College London Guy's Hospital London UK
| | - Joanna Porter
- Leukocyte Trafficking Laboratory Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair UCL Respiratory Rayne Institute University College London London UK
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19
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Singh Y, Rodriguez Benavente MC, Al-Huniti MH, Beckwith D, Ayyalasomayajula R, Patino E, Miranda WS, Wade A, Cudic M. Positional Scanning MUC1 Glycopeptide Library Reveals the Importance of PDTR Epitope Glycosylation for Lectin Binding. J Org Chem 2019; 85:1434-1445. [PMID: 31799848 PMCID: PMC7012140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the main barriers to explaining the functional significance of glycan-based changes in cancer is the natural epitope heterogeneity found on the surface of cancer cells. To help address this knowledge gap, we focused on designing synthetic tools to explore the role of tumor-associated glycans of MUC1 in the formation of metastasis via association with lectins. In this study, we have synthesized for the first time a MUC1-derived positional scanning synthetic glycopeptide combinatorial library (PS-SGCL) that vary in number and location of cancer-associated Tn antigen using the "tea bag" approach. The determination of the isokinetic ratios necessary for the equimolar incorporation of (glyco)amino acids mixtures to resin-bound amino acid was determined, along with developing an efficient protocol for on resin deprotection of O-acetyl groups. Enzyme-linked lectin assay was used to screen PS-SGCL against two plant lectins, Glycine max soybean agglutinin and Vicia villosa. The results revealed a carbohydrate density-dependent affinity trend and site-specific glycosylation requirements for high affinity binding to these lectins. Hence, PS-SGCLs provide a platform to systematically elucidate MUC1-lectin binding specificities, which in the long term may provide a rational design for novel inhibitors of MUC1-lectin interactions involved in tumor spread and glycopeptide-based cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- YashoNandini Singh
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Maria C Rodriguez Benavente
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Mohammed H Al-Huniti
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Donella Beckwith
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Ramya Ayyalasomayajula
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Eric Patino
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - William S Miranda
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Alex Wade
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Maré Cudic
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
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20
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Products of Chemoenzymatic Synthesis Representing MUC1 Tandem Repeat Unit with T-, ST- or STn-antigen Revealed Distinct Specificities of Anti-MUC1 Antibodies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16641. [PMID: 31719620 PMCID: PMC6851390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-mucin1 (MUC1) antibodies have long been used clinically in cancer diagnosis and therapy and specific bindings of some of them are known to be dependent on the differential glycosylation of MUC1. However, a systematic comparison of the binding specificities of anti-MUC1 antibodies was not previously conducted. Here, a total of 20 glycopeptides including the tandem repeat unit of MUC1, APPAHGVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPAHGV with GalNAc (Tn-antigen), Galβ1-3GalNAc (T-antigen), NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAc (sialyl-T-antigen), or NeuAcα2-6GalNAc (sialyl-Tn-antigen) at each threonine or serine residue were prepared by a combination of chemical glycopeptide synthesis and enzymatic extension of carbohydrate chains. These glycopeptides were tested by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for their capacity to bind 13 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) known to be specific for MUC1. The results indicated that anti-MUC1 mAbs have diverse specificities but can be classified into a few characteristic groups based on their binding pattern toward glycopeptides in some cases having a specific glycan at unique glycosylation sites. Because the clinical significance of some of these antibodies was already established, the structural features identified by these antibodies as revealed in the present study should provide useful information relevant to their further clinical use and the biological understanding of MUC1.
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21
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Hinou H, Kikuchi S, Ochi R, Igarashi K, Takada W, Nishimura SI. Synthetic glycopeptides reveal specific binding pattern and conformational change at O-mannosylated position of α-dystroglycan by POMGnT1 catalyzed GlcNAc modification. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2822-2831. [PMID: 31079966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Structural and functional effects of core M1 type glycan modification catalyzed by protein O-linked mannose β1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1 (POMGnT1) were investigated using a core M1 glycoform focused library of an α-dystroglycan fragment, 372TRGAIIQTPTLGPIQPTRV390. Evanescent-field fluorescence-assisted microarray system illuminated the specific binding pattern of plant lectins that can discriminate the glycan structure of core M1 glycan of the library. The comparative NMR analysis of synthetic glycopeptide having different length of the O-mannosylated glycans revealed a conformational change of the peptide backbone along with core M1 disaccharide formation. No long-range NOE signals of glycan-amino acid nor inter amino acid indicate the conformational change is induced by steric hindrance of core M1, the sole 1,2-O-modified form among protein binding sugar residue found in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Hinou
- Graduate School of Life Science, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material & Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Seiya Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Life Science, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material & Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Rika Ochi
- Graduate School of Life Science, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material & Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | | | | | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Life Science, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material & Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Sapporo, Japan
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22
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Santra A, Li Y, Ghosh T, Li R, Yu H, Chen X. Regioselective One-Pot Multienzyme (OPME) Chemoenzymatic Strategies for Systematic Synthesis of Sialyl Core 2 Glycans. ACS Catal 2019; 9:211-215. [PMID: 31304048 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
O-GalNAc glycans or mucin-type glycans are common protein post-translational modifications in eukaryotes. Core 2 O-GalNAc glycans are branched structures that are broadly distributed in glycoproteins and mucins of all types of cells. To better understand their biological roles, it is important to obtain structurally defined Core 2 O-GalNAc glycans. We present here regioselective one-pot multienzyme (OPME) chemoenzymatic strategies to systematically access a diverse array of sialyl Core 2 glycans. Regioselectivity can be achieved by using OPME systems containing a glycosyltransferase with restricted acceptor specificity or by differentiating the branches using altered glycosylation sequences. This work provides a general regioselective strategy to access diverse Core 2 O-GalNAc glycans which can be extended for the synthesis of other complex branched glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Santra
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Tamashree Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Riyao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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23
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Zhou D, Xu L, Huang W, Tonn T. Epitopes of MUC1 Tandem Repeats in Cancer as Revealed by Antibody Crystallography: Toward Glycopeptide Signature-Guided Therapy. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061326. [PMID: 29857542 PMCID: PMC6099590 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormally O-glycosylated MUC1 tandem repeat glycopeptide epitopes expressed by multiple types of cancer have long been attractive targets for therapy in the race against genetic mutations of tumor cells. Glycopeptide signature-guided therapy might be a more promising avenue than mutation signature-guided therapy. Three O-glycosylated peptide motifs, PDTR, GSTA, and GVTS, exist in a tandem repeat HGVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPA, containing five O-glycosylation sites. The exact peptide and sugar residues involved in antibody binding are poorly defined. Co-crystal structures of glycopeptides and respective monoclonal antibodies are very few. Here we review 3 groups of monoclonal antibodies: antibodies which only bind to peptide portion, antibodies which only bind to sugar portion, and antibodies which bind to both peptide and sugar portions. The antigenicity of peptide and sugar portions of glyco-MUC1 tandem repeat were analyzed according to available biochemical and structural data, especially the GSTA and GVTS motifs independent from the most studied PDTR. Tn is focused as a peptide-modifying residue in vaccine design, to induce glycopeptide-binding antibodies with cross reactivity to Tn-related tumor glycans, but not glycans of healthy cells. The unique requirement for the designs of antibody in antibody-drug conjugate, bi-specific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Zhou
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Lan Xu
- Laboratory of Antibody Structure, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences and iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Torsten Tonn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine Dresden, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North-East, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
- Medical Faculty, Carl Gustav Carus Technical University Dresden, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
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24
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Martínez-Sáez N, Peregrina JM, Corzana F. Principles of mucin structure: implications for the rational design of cancer vaccines derived from MUC1-glycopeptides. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:7154-7175. [PMID: 29022615 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00858e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is currently one of the world's most serious public health problems. Significant efforts are being made to develop new strategies that can eradicate tumours selectively without detrimental effects to healthy cells. One promising approach is focused on the design of vaccines that contain partially glycosylated mucins in their formulation. Although some of these vaccines are in clinical trials, a lack of knowledge about the molecular basis that governs the antigen presentation, and the interactions between antigens and the elicited antibodies has limited their success thus far. This review focuses on the most significant milestones achieved to date in the conformational analysis of tumour-associated MUC1 derivatives both in solution and bound to antibodies. The effect that the carbohydrate scaffold has on the peptide backbone structure and the role of the sugar in molecular recognition by antibodies are emphasised. The outcomes summarised in this review may be a useful guide to develop new antigens for the design of cancer vaccines in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Martínez-Sáez
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño, Spain.
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25
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Naito S, Takahashi T, Onoda J, Uemura S, Ohyabu N, Takemoto H, Yamane S, Fujii I, Nishimura SI, Numata Y. Generation of Novel Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibodies with Designed Carbohydrate Specificities Using MUC1 Glycopeptide Library. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:7493-7505. [PMID: 30023556 PMCID: PMC6044872 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous anti-mucin 1 (anti-MUC1) antibodies that recognize O-glycan core structures have already been developed. However, most of them show low specificities toward O-glycan structures and/or low affinity toward a monovalent epitope. In this study, using an MUC1 glycopeptide library, we established two novel anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibodies (1B2 and 12D10) with designed carbohydrate specificities. Compared with previously reported anti-MUC1 antibodies, 1B2 and 12D10 showed quite different features regarding their specificities, affinities, and reactivity profiles to various cell lines. Both antibodies recognized specific O-glycan structures at the PDT*R motif (the asterisk represents an O-glycosylation site). 1B2 recognized O-glycans with an unsubstituted O-6 position of the GalNAc residue (Tn, T, and 23ST), whereas 12D10 recognized Neu5Ac at the same position (STn, 26ST, and dST). Neither of them bound to glycopeptides with core 2 O-glycans that have GlcNAc at the O-6 position of the GalNAc residue. Furthermore, 1B2 and 12D10 showed a strong binding to not only native MUC1 but also 20-mer glycopeptide with a monovalent epitope. These anti-MUC1 antibodies should thus become powerful tools for biological studies on MUC1 O-glycan structures. Furthermore, the strategy of using glycopeptide libraries should enable the development of novel antibodies with predesigned O-glycan specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Naito
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Takahashi
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Junji Onoda
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Shoko Uemura
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Naoki Ohyabu
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takemoto
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Shoji Yamane
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Ikuo Fujii
- School
of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho,
Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Faculty
of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yoshito Numata
- Shionogi
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi
& Co., Ltd., 3-1-1
Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
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26
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Hayakawa S, Yokoi Y, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. Chemical Synthesis Demonstrates That Dynamic O-Glycosylation Regulates the Folding and Functional Conformation of a Pivotal EGF12 Domain of the Human NOTCH1 Receptor. Biochemistry 2017; 56:4379-4391. [PMID: 28745885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of the human NOTCH1 receptor and its ligands is a crucial step in initiating the intracellular signal transductions, in which O-glycosylation of the extracellular EGF-like domain strongly affects multiple aspects of cell differentiation, development, and cancer biology. However, consequences of biosynthetic O-glycosylation processes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi on the folding of EGF domains remain unclear. Synthetic human NOTCH1 EGF12 modules allow for new insight into the crucial roles of O-glycosylation in the folding and conformation of this pivotal domain. Here, we show for the first time that predominant O-glucosylation at Ser458 facilitates proper folding of the EGF12 domain in the presence of calcium ion, while the nonglycosylated linear EGF12 peptide affords large amounts of misfolded products (>50%) during in vitro oxidative folding. Strikingly, O-fucosylation at Thr466 prior to O-glucosylation at Ser458 totally impedes folding of EGF12 independent of calcium ion, whereas modification of the Fucα1→ moiety with β-linked GlcNAc dramatically enhances folding efficiency. In addition, we elicit that extension of the Glcβ1→ moiety with xyloses is a negative-regulation mechanism in the folding of EGF12 when synthesis of a trisaccharide (Xylα1→3Xylα1→3Glcβ1→) dominates over the posttranslational modification at Thr466. Comprehensive nuclear magnetic resonance studies of correctly folded EGF12 modules demonstrate that noncovalently bonded bridges between sugars and peptide moieties, namely sugar bridges, contribute independently to the stabilization of the antiparallel β-sheet in the ligand-binding region. Our results provide evidence that the dynamic O-glycosylation status of the EGF12 domain elaborated in the ER and Golgi strongly affects folding and trafficking of the human NOTCH1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Hayakawa
- Graduate School of Life Science and Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University , N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yokoi
- Graduate School of Life Science and Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University , N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Graduate School of Life Science and Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University , N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.,Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Company Ltd. , N9, W15, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-0009, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Life Science and Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University , N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.,Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Company Ltd. , N9, W15, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-0009, Japan
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27
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Abstract
AbstractCancer immunotherapy based on tumor vaccine is very promising and intriguing for carcinoma treatment. Herein, antitumor nanovaccines consisting of self-assembled chitosan (CS) nanoparticles and two-component mucin1 (MUC1) glycopeptide antigens were reported. Two different kinds of polyanionic electrolyte [sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and γ-poly-L-glutamic acid (γ-PGA)] were combined with chitosan polymers to fabricate the diameter of nearly 400–500 nm CS nanoparticles by electrostatic interactions. The nanovaccines were constructed by physically mixing MUC1 glycopeptide antigens with CS nanoparticles, which reduced vaccine constructing complexity compared with traditional chemical total synthetic vaccines. Immunological studies revealed that the CS/γ-PGA nanoparticle could dramatically enhance the immunogenicity of peptide epitope and produce significantly high titers of IgG antibody which was even better than Freund’s adjuvant-containing vaccines.
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28
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Artigas G, Hinou H, Garcia-Martin F, Gabius HJ, Nishimura SI. Synthetic Mucin-Like Glycopeptides as Versatile Tools to Measure Effects of Glycan Structure/Density/Position on the Interaction with Adhesion/Growth-Regulatory Galectins in Arrays. Chem Asian J 2016; 12:159-167. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Artigas
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku; Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku; Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd. N9W15, Chuo-ku; Sapporo 060-0009 Japan
| | - Fayna Garcia-Martin
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku; Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich; Veterinärstr. 13 80539 München Germany
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku; Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd. N9W15, Chuo-ku; Sapporo 060-0009 Japan
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29
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Sterner E, Flanagan N, Gildersleeve JC. Perspectives on Anti-Glycan Antibodies Gleaned from Development of a Community Resource Database. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:1773-83. [PMID: 27220698 PMCID: PMC4949583 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Antibodies are used
extensively for a wide range of basic research
and clinical applications. While an abundant and diverse collection
of antibodies to protein antigens have been developed, good monoclonal
antibodies to carbohydrates are much less common. Moreover, it can
be difficult to determine if a particular antibody has the appropriate
specificity, which antibody is best suited for a given application,
and where to obtain that antibody. Herein, we provide an overview
of the current state of the field, discuss challenges for selecting
and using antiglycan antibodies, and summarize deficiencies in the
existing repertoire of antiglycan antibodies. This perspective was
enabled by collecting information from publications, databases, and
commercial entities and assembling it into a single database, referred
to as the Database of Anti-Glycan Reagents (DAGR). DAGR is a publicly
available, comprehensive resource for anticarbohydrate antibodies,
their applications, availability, and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Sterner
- Chemical Biology Laboratory,
Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Natalie Flanagan
- Chemical Biology Laboratory,
Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Jeffrey C. Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory,
Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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30
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Ohyabu N, Kakiya K, Yokoi Y, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. Convergent Solid-Phase Synthesis of Macromolecular MUC1 Models Truly Mimicking Serum Glycoprotein Biomarkers of Interstitial Lung Diseases. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:8392-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ohyabu
- Shionogi & Company, Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
- Graduate School of Life Science and Faculty of Advanced
Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Kakiya
- Shionogi & Company, Ltd., 2-1-3 Kuiseterashima, Amagasaki 660-0813, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yokoi
- Graduate School of Life Science and Faculty of Advanced
Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Graduate School of Life Science and Faculty of Advanced
Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd., N21, W12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0022, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Life Science and Faculty of Advanced
Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd., N21, W12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0022, Japan
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31
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Hayakawa S, Koide R, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. Synthetic Human NOTCH1 EGF Modules Unraveled Molecular Mechanisms for the Structural and Functional Roles of Calcium Ions and O-Glycans in the Ligand-Binding Region. Biochemistry 2016; 55:776-87. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Hayakawa
- Graduate
School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Koide
- Graduate
School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Graduate
School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Company Ltd., N21, W12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Graduate
School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Company Ltd., N21, W12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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32
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Rangappa S, Artigas G, Miyoshi R, Yokoi Y, Hayakawa S, Garcia-Martin F, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. Effects of the multiple O-glycosylation states on antibody recognition of the immunodominant motif in MUC1 extracellular tandem repeats. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00100a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The conformational impact of the clusteredO-glycans strongly influences recognition by antibodies of the cancer-relevant epitope in the MUC1 extracellular tandem repeat domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobith Rangappa
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Gerard Artigas
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Risho Miyoshi
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yokoi
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Shun Hayakawa
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Fayna Garcia-Martin
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
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33
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for 2009-2010. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:268-422. [PMID: 24863367 PMCID: PMC7168572 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review is the sixth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2010. General aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, arrays and fragmentation are covered in the first part of the review and applications to various structural typed constitutes the remainder. The main groups of compound that are discussed in this section are oligo and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Many of these applications are presented in tabular form. Also discussed are medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Harvey
- Department of BiochemistryOxford Glycobiology InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3QUUK
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34
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Shaib W, Goldstein D, El-Rayes BF. Peptide Vaccines for Treatment of Colon Cancer: Have We Made Progress? CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-014-0250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Garcia-Martin F, Matsushita T, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. Fast epitope mapping for the anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody by combining a one-bead-one-glycopeptide library and a microarray platform. Chemistry 2014; 20:15891-902. [PMID: 25303614 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are powerful tools that can be used to recognize cancer-related MUC1 molecules, the O-glycosylation status of which is believed to affect binding affinity. We demonstrate the feasibility of using a rapid screening methodology to elucidate those effects. The approach involves i) "one-bead-one-compound"-based preparation of bilayer resins carrying glycopeptides on the shell and mass-tag tripeptides coding O-glycan patterns in the core, ii) on-resin screening with an anti-MUC1 mAb, iii) separating positive resins by utilizing secondary antibody conjugation with magnetic beads, and (iv) decoding the mass-tag that is detached from the positive resins pool by using mass spectrometric analysis. We tested a small library consisting of 27 MUC1 glycopeptides with different O-glycosylations against anti-MUC1 mAb clone VU-3C6. Qualitative mass-tag analysis showed that increasing the number of glycans leads to an increase in the binding affinity. Six glycopeptides selected from the library were validated by using a microarray-based assay. Our screening provides valuable information on O-glycosylations of epitopes leading to high affinity with mAb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayna Garcia-Martin
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021 (Japan), Fax: (+81) 11-706-9042
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36
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Inagaki Y, Gao J, Song P, Kokudo N, Nakata M, Tang W. Clinicopathological utility of sialoglycoconjugates in diagnosing and treating colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:6123-6132. [PMID: 24876734 PMCID: PMC4033451 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i20.6123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of glycoconjugates occurs during malignant transformation of cancer cells. Overexpression of sialoglycoconjugates in particular may play an important role in the progression, i.e., invasion or metastasis, of cancer. Various types of sialoglycoconjugates have been investigated to clarify their biological significance and clinical utility in diagnosing and treating colorectal cancer. This review focuses specifically on expression of mucin (MUC) 1 and it suggests that MUC1 with the specific structure of a sialo-oligosaccharide has biological significance in determining the metastatic potential of colorectal cancer cells and clinicopathological utility in evaluating the effectiveness of treatments and the prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer. Further studies are expected to contribute to the expanded use of cancer-associated sialoglycoconjugates in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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37
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Matsushita T, Takada W, Igarashi K, Naruchi K, Miyoshi R, Garcia-Martin F, Amano M, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. A straightforward protocol for the preparation of high performance microarray displaying synthetic MUC1 glycopeptides. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:1105-16. [PMID: 24246952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human serum MUC1 peptide fragments bearing aberrant O-glycans are secreted from columnar epithelial cell surfaces and known as clinically important serum biomarkers for the epithelial carcinoma when a specific monoclonal antibody can probe disease-relevant epitopes. Despite the growing importance of MUC1 glycopeptides as biomarkers, the precise epitopes of most anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibodies remains unclear. METHODS A novel protocol for the fabrication of versatile microarray displaying peptide/glycopeptide library was investigated for the construction of highly sensitive and accurate epitope mapping assay of various anti-MUC1 antibodies. RESULTS Selective imine-coupling between aminooxy-functionalized methacrylic copolymer with phosphorylcholine unit and synthetic MUC1 glycopeptides-capped by a ketone linker at N-terminus provided a facile and seamless protocol for the preparation of glycopeptides microarray platform. It was demonstrated that anti-KL-6 monoclonal antibody shows an extremely specific and strong binding affinity toward MUC1 fragments carrying sialyl T antigen (Neu5Acα2,3Galβ1,3GalNAcα1→) at Pro-Asp-Thr-Arg motif when compared with other seven anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibodies such as VU-3D1, VU-12E1, VU-11E2, Ma552, VU-3C6, SM3, and DF3. The present microarray also uncovered the occurrence of IgG autoantibodies in healthy human sera that bind specifically with sialyl T antigen attached at five potential O-glycosylation sites of MUC1 tandem repeats. CONCLUSION We established a straightforward strategy toward the standardized microarray platform allowing highly sensitive and accurate epitope mapping analysis by reducing the background noise due to nonspecific protein adsorption. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The present approach would greatly accelerate the discovery research of new class autoantibodies as well as the development of therapeutic mAbs reacting specifically with disease-relevant epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Matsushita
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N22, W11 Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | | | | | - Kentaro Naruchi
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co. Ltd., N22, W12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Risho Miyoshi
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co. Ltd., N22, W12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Fayna Garcia-Martin
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N22, W11 Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Maho Amano
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N22, W11 Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co. Ltd., N22, W12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N22, W11 Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co. Ltd., N22, W12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N22, W11 Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co. Ltd., N22, W12, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
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38
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Abstract
In the last decade, carbohydrate microarrays have been core technologies for analyzing carbohydrate-mediated recognition events in a high-throughput fashion. A number of methods have been exploited for immobilizing glycans on the solid surface in a microarray format. This microarray-based technology has been widely employed for rapid analysis of the glycan binding properties of lectins and antibodies, the quantitative measurements of glycan-protein interactions, detection of cells and pathogens, identification of disease-related anti-glycan antibodies for diagnosis, and fast assessment of substrate specificities of glycosyltransferases. This review covers the construction of carbohydrate microarrays, detection methods of carbohydrate microarrays and their applications in biological and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Biofunctional Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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39
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A novel approach for the parallel synthesis of glycopeptides by combining solid-phase peptide synthesis and dendrimer-supported enzymatic modifications. Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2013.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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40
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Izumi R, Matsushita T, Fujitani N, Naruchi K, Shimizu H, Tsuda S, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. Microwave-Assisted Solid-Phase Synthesis of Antifreeze Glycopeptides. Chemistry 2013; 19:3913-20. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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41
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Matsushita T, Ohyabu N, Fujitani N, Naruchi K, Shimizu H, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. Site-specific conformational alteration induced by sialylation of MUC1 tandem repeating glycopeptides at an epitope region for the anti-KL-6 monoclonal antibody. Biochemistry 2013; 52:402-14. [PMID: 23259747 DOI: 10.1021/bi3013142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Protein O-glycosylation is an essential step for controlling structure and biological functions of glycoproteins involving differentiation, cell adhesion, immune response, inflammation, and tumorigenesis and metastasis. This study provides evidence of site-specific structural alteration induced during multiple sialylation at Ser/Thr residues of the tandem repeats in human MUC1 glycoprotein. Systematic nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study revealed that sialylation of the MUC1 tandem repeating glycopeptide, Pro-Pro-Ala-His-Gly-Val-Thr-Ser-Ala-Pro-Asp-Thr-Arg-Pro-Ala-Pro-Gly-Ser-Thr-Ala with core 2-type O-glycans at five potential glycosylation sites, afforded a specific conformational change at one of the most important cancer-relevant epitopes (Pro-Asp-Thr-Arg). This result indicates that disease-relevant epitope structures of human epithelial cell surface mucins can be altered both by the introduction of an inner GalNAc residue and by the distal sialylation in a peptide sequence-dependent manner. These data demonstrate the feasibility of NMR-based structural characterization of glycopeptides synthesized in a chemical and enzymatic manner in examining the conformational impact of the distal glycosylation at multiple O-glycosylation sites of mucin-like domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Matsushita
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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42
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MacPherson IS, Temme JS, Habeshian S, Felczak K, Pankiewicz K, Hedstrom L, Krauss IJ. Multivalent glycocluster design through directed evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 50:11238-42. [PMID: 22191092 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iain S MacPherson
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South St., Waltham, MA 02454, USA
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43
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Zhang Y, Muthana SM, Farnsworth D, Ludek O, Adams K, Barchi JJ, Gildersleeve JC. Enhanced epimerization of glycosylated amino acids during solid-phase peptide synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6316-25. [PMID: 22390544 PMCID: PMC3324660 DOI: 10.1021/ja212188r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycopeptides are extremely useful for basic research and clinical applications, but access to structurally defined glycopeptides is limited by the difficulties in synthesizing this class of compounds. In this study, we demonstrate that many common peptide coupling conditions used to prepare O-linked glycopeptides result in substantial amounts of epimerization at the α position. In fact, epimerization resulted in up to 80% of the non-natural epimer, indicating that it can be the major product in some reactions. Through a series of mechanistic studies, we demonstrate that the enhanced epimerization relative to nonglycosylated amino acids is due to a combination of factors, including a faster rate of epimerization, an energetic preference for the unnatural epimer over the natural epimer, and a slower overall rate of peptide coupling. In addition, we demonstrate that use of 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine (TMP) as the base in peptide couplings produces glycopeptides with high efficiency and low epimerization. The information and improved reaction conditions will facilitate the preparation of glycopeptides as therapeutic compounds and vaccine antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Zhang
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, 376 Boyles Street, Building 376, Frederick, Maryland, 21702
| | - Saddam M. Muthana
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, 376 Boyles Street, Building 376, Frederick, Maryland, 21702
| | - David Farnsworth
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, 376 Boyles Street, Building 376, Frederick, Maryland, 21702
| | - Olaf Ludek
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, 376 Boyles Street, Building 376, Frederick, Maryland, 21702
| | - Kristie Adams
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, 376 Boyles Street, Building 376, Frederick, Maryland, 21702
| | - Joseph J. Barchi
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, 376 Boyles Street, Building 376, Frederick, Maryland, 21702
| | - Jeffrey C. Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, 376 Boyles Street, Building 376, Frederick, Maryland, 21702
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44
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Characterization of the viral O-glycopeptidome: a novel tool of relevance for vaccine design and serodiagnosis. J Virol 2012; 86:6268-78. [PMID: 22491453 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00392-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral envelope proteins mediate interactions with host cells, leading to internalization and intracellular propagation. Envelope proteins are glycosylated and are known to serve important functions in masking host immunity to viral glycoproteins. However, the viral infectious cycle in cells may also lead to aberrant glycosylation that may elicit immunity. Our knowledge of immunity to aberrant viral glycans and glycoproteins is limited, potentially due to technical limitations in identifying immunogenic glycans and glycopeptide epitopes. This work describes three different complementary methods for high-throughput screening and identification of potential immunodominant O-glycopeptide epitopes on viral envelope glycoproteins: (i) on-chip enzymatic glycosylation of scan peptides, (ii) chemical glycopeptide microarray synthesis, and (iii) a one-bead-one-compound random glycopeptide library. We used herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) as a model system and identified a simple O-glycopeptide pan-epitope, (501)PPA(GalNAc)TAPG(507), on the mature gG-2 glycoprotein that was broadly recognized by IgG antibodies in HSV-2-infected individuals but not in HSV-1-infected or noninfected individuals. Serum reactivity to the extended sialyl-T glycoform was tolerated, suggesting that self glycans can participate in immune responses. The methods presented provide new insight into viral immunity and new targets for immunodiagnostic and therapeutic measures.
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45
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Yoshimura Y, Nudelman AS, Levery SB, Wandall HH, Bennett EP, Hindsgaul O, Clausen H, Nishimura SI. Elucidation of the sugar recognition ability of the lectin domain of UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 by using unnatural glycopeptide substrates. Glycobiology 2012; 22:429-38. [PMID: 22042768 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucin-type glycosylation [α-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (α-GalNAc)-O-Ser/Thr] on proteins is initiated biosynthetically by 16 homologous isoforms of GalNAc-Ts (uridine diphosphate-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases). All the GalNAc-Ts consist of a catalytic domain and a lectin domain. Previous reports of GalNAc-T assays toward peptides and α-GalNAc glycopeptides showed that the lectin domain recognized the sugar on the substrates and affected the reaction; however, the details are not clear. Here, we report a new strategy to give insight on the sugar recognition ability and the function of the GalNAc-T3 lectin domain using chemically synthesized natural-type (α-GalNAc-O-Thr) and unnatural-type [β-GalNAc-O-Thr, α-Fuc-O-Thr and β-GlcNAc-O-Thr] MUC5AC glycopeptides. GalNAc-T3 is one of isoforms expressed in various organs, its substrate specificity extensively characterized and its anomalous expression has been identified in several types of cancer (e.g. pancreas and stomach). The glycopeptides used in this study were designed based on a preliminary peptide assay with a sequence derived from the MUC5AC tandem repeat. Through GalNAc-T3 and lectin-inactivated GalNAc-T3, competition assays between the glycopeptide substrates and product analyses (MALDI-TOF MS, RP-HPLC and ETD-MS/MS), we show that the lectin domain strictly recognized GalNAc on the substrate and this specificity controlled the glycosylation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Life Science and Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
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46
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Das S, Paul R, De U, Mukherjee M. Management of breast cancer by vaccine: fact or fiction. THE JOURNAL OF IMA 2012; 44:jima-44-1-09055. [PMID: 23864997 PMCID: PMC3708638 DOI: 10.5915/44-1-9055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy (75–80%) among women. Options for management of BC are multivariate. Available modalities include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormone therapy. Despite availability of improved therapeutic adjuncts, mortality from BC is 40%. Vaccination strategies against BC are emerging as a viable alternative. This review highlights the available results of this emerging therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Das
- Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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47
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Nagashima I, Shimizu H. Addressing the Unique Non-thermal Microwave Effect for Chemical Reactions in the Fields of Peptide, Oligosaccharide, Drug Library, Process and Enzymatic Syntheses. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2012. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.70.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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48
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Pedersen SL, Tofteng AP, Malik L, Jensen KJ. Microwave heating in solid-phase peptide synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:1826-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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49
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Garcia-Martin F, Hinou H, Matsushita T, Hayakawa S, Nishimura SI. An efficient protocol for the solid-phase synthesis of glycopeptides under microwave irradiation. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:1612-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06532k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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50
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Takahashi K, Smith AD, Poulsen K, Kilian M, Julian BA, Mestecky J, Novak J, Renfrow MB. Naturally occurring structural isomers in serum IgA1 o-glycosylation. J Proteome Res 2011; 11:692-702. [PMID: 22067045 DOI: 10.1021/pr200608q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
IgA is the most abundantly produced antibody and plays an important role in the mucosal immune system. Human IgA is represented by two isotypes, IgA1 and IgA2. The major structural difference between these two subclasses is the presence of nine potential sites of O-glycosylation in the hinge region between the first and second constant region domains of the heavy chain. Thr(225), Thr(228), Ser(230), Ser(232) and Thr(236) have been identified as the predominant sites of O-glycan attachment. The range and distribution of O-glycan chains at each site within the context of adjacent sites in this clustered region create a complex heterogeneity of surface epitopes that is incompletely defined. We previously described the analysis of IgA1 O-glycan heterogeneity by use of high resolution LC-MS and electron capture dissociation tandem MS to unambiguously localize all amino acid attachment sites in IgA1 (Ale) myeloma protein. Here, we report the identification and elucidation of IgA1 O-glycopeptide structural isomers that occur based on amino acid position of the attached glycans (positional isomers) and the structure of the O-glycan chains at individual sites (glycan isomers). These isomers are present in a model IgA1 (Mce1) myeloma protein and occur naturally in normal human serum IgA1. Variable O-glycan chains attached to Ser(230), Thr(233) or Thr(236) produce the predominant positional isomers, including O-glycans composed of a single GalNAc residue. These findings represent the first definitive identification of structural isomeric IgA1 O-glycoforms, define the single-site heterogeneity for all O-glycan sites in a single sample, and have implications for defining epitopes based on clustered O-glycan variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Takahashi
- UAB Biomedical FT-ICR MS Laboratory, MCLM 570, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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