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Saura-Sanmartin A. Synthesis of 'Impossible' Rotaxanes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304025. [PMID: 38168751 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
'Impossible' rotaxanes, which are constituted by interlocked components without obvious binding motifs, have attracted the interest of the mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) community. Within the synthetic efforts reported in the last decades towards the preparation of MIMs, some innovative protocols for accessing 'impossible' rotaxanes have been developed. This short review highlights different selected synthetic examples of 'impossible' rotaxanes, as well as suggests some future directions of this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Saura-Sanmartin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Tsai CY, Cheng HT, Chiu SH. Improbable Rotaxanes Constructed From Surrogate Malonate Rotaxanes as Encircled Methylene Synthons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308974. [PMID: 37712453 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a new approach for the synthesis of "improbable" rotaxanes by using malonate-centered rotaxanes as interlocked surrogate precursors. Here, the desired dumbbell-shaped structure can be assembled from two different, completely separate, portions, with the only residual structure introduced from the malonate surrogate being a methylene group. We have synthesized improbable [2]- and [3]rotaxanes with all-hydrocarbon dumbbell-shaped components to demonstrate the potential structural flexibility and scope of the guest species that can be interlocked when using this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-You Tsai
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Te Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
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3
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Yamamoto K, Nameki R, Sogawa H, Takata T. Macrocyclic Dinuclear Palladium Complex as a Novel Doubly Threaded [3]Rotaxane Scaffold and Its Application as a Rotaxane Cross‐Linker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamamoto
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Present address: Division of Molecular Science, Faculty of Science and Technology Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515 Japan
| | - Riku Nameki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Sogawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Present address: Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials, and Bioengineering Kansai University 3-3-35 Yamate-cho Suita, Osaka 564-8680 Japan
| | - Toshikazu Takata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
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Yamamoto K, Nameki R, Sogawa H, Takata T. Macrocyclic Dinuclear Palladium Complex as a Novel Doubly Threaded [3]Rotaxane Scaffold and Its Application as a Rotaxane Cross-Linker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18023-18028. [PMID: 32578285 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A dinuclear PdII complex possessing a cyclic ligand was developed as a novel doubly threaded [3]rotaxane scaffold and applied as a rotaxane cross-linker reagent. The dinuclear complex (PdMC)2 was prepared by one-step macrocyclization followed by the double palladation reaction. 1 H NMR analysis and UV/Vis measurements revealed the formation of a doubly threaded pseudo[3]rotaxane by the complexation of (PdMC)2 with 2 equivalents of 2,6-disubstituted pyridine 3 through double metal coordination. The treatment of (PdMC)2 with 2 equivalents of 4-vinylpyridine (VP) afforded a doubly threaded [3]rotaxane cross-linker (PdMC-VP)2 . Radical co-polymerization of VP and t-butylstyrene in the presence of (PdMC-VP)2 afforded a stable rotaxane cross-linked polymer (RCP). An elastic RCP was also prepared by using n-butyl acrylate as a monomer. The obtained RCPs exhibited higher swelling ability and higher mechanical toughness compared with the corresponding covalent cross-linked polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamamoto
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Present address: Division of Molecular Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Riku Nameki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Sogawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Present address: Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials, and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Takata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
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Baghery S, Zarei M, Zolfigol MA, Mallakpour S, Behranvand V. Application of trityl moieties in chemical processes: part I. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-01980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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6
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Modicom F, Jamieson EMG, Rochette E, Goldup SM. Chemical Consequences of the Mechanical Bond: A Tandem Active Template-Rearrangement Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3875-3879. [PMID: 30600892 PMCID: PMC6589916 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the unexpected discovery of a tandem active template CuAAC-rearrangement process, in which N2 is extruded on the way to the 1,2,3-triazole product to give instead acrylamide rotaxanes. Mechanistic investigations suggest this process is dictated by the mechanical bond, which stabilizes the CuI -triazolide intermediate of the CuAAC reaction and diverts it down the rearrangement pathway; when no mechanical bond is formed, the CuAAC product is isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Modicom
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | | | - Elise Rochette
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
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Modicom F, Jamieson EMG, Rochette E, Goldup SM. Chemical Consequences of the Mechanical Bond: A Tandem Active Template‐Rearrangement Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Modicom
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | | | - Elise Rochette
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Stephen M. Goldup
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
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Ayme JF, Beves JE, Campbell CJ, Leigh DA. Probing the Dynamics of the Imine-Based Pentafoil Knot and Pentameric Circular Helicate Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:3605-3612. [PMID: 30707020 PMCID: PMC6429429 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
We investigate the self-assembly
dynamics of an imine-based pentafoil
knot and related pentameric circular helicates, each derived from
a common bis(formylpyridine)bipyridyl building block, iron(II) chloride,
and either monoamines or a diamine. The mixing of circular helicates
derived from different amines led to the complete exchange of the N-alkyl residues on the periphery of the metallo-supramolecular
scaffolds over 4 days in DMSO at 60 °C. Under similar conditions,
deuterium-labeled and nonlabeled building blocks showed full dialdehyde
building block exchange over 13 days for open circular helicates but
was much slower for the analogous closed-loop pentafoil knot (>60
days). Although both knots and open circular helicates self-assemble
under thermodynamic control given sufficiently long reaction times,
this is significantly longer than the time taken to afford the maximum
product yield (2 days). Highly effective error correction occurs during
the synthesis of imine-based pentafoil molecular knots and pentameric
circular helicates despite, in practice, the systems not operating
under full thermodynamic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Ayme
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , The King's Buildings, West Mains Road , Edinburgh EH9 3JJ , United Kingdom
| | - Jonathon E Beves
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , The King's Buildings, West Mains Road , Edinburgh EH9 3JJ , United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Campbell
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , The King's Buildings, West Mains Road , Edinburgh EH9 3JJ , United Kingdom
| | - David A Leigh
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , The King's Buildings, West Mains Road , Edinburgh EH9 3JJ , United Kingdom
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Jinks MA, de Juan A, Denis M, Fletcher CJ, Galli M, Jamieson EMG, Modicom F, Zhang Z, Goldup SM. Stereoselective Synthesis of Mechanically Planar Chiral Rotaxanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14806-14810. [PMID: 30253008 PMCID: PMC6220991 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chiral interlocked molecules in which the mechanical bond provides the sole stereogenic unit are typically produced with no control over the mechanical stereochemistry. Here we report a stereoselective approach to mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes in up to 98:2 d.r. using a readily available α-amino acid-derived azide. Symmetrization of the covalent stereocenter yields a rotaxane in which the mechanical bond provides the only stereogenic element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Jinks
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Alberto de Juan
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Mathieu Denis
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | | | - Marzia Galli
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | | | - Florian Modicom
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- ChemistryUniversity of Southampton, HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
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10
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Jinks MA, de Juan A, Denis M, Fletcher CJ, Galli M, Jamieson EMG, Modicom F, Zhang Z, Goldup SM. Stereoselective Synthesis of Mechanically Planar Chiral Rotaxanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Jinks
- Chemistry; University of Southampton, Highfield; Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Alberto de Juan
- Chemistry; University of Southampton, Highfield; Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Mathieu Denis
- Chemistry; University of Southampton, Highfield; Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | | | - Marzia Galli
- Chemistry; University of Southampton, Highfield; Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | | | - Florian Modicom
- Chemistry; University of Southampton, Highfield; Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Chemistry; University of Southampton, Highfield; Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Stephen M. Goldup
- Chemistry; University of Southampton, Highfield; Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
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Denis M, Qin L, Turner P, Jolliffe KA, Goldup SM. A Fluorescent Ditopic Rotaxane Ion-Pair Host. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5315-5319. [PMID: 29393993 PMCID: PMC5947583 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a rotaxane based on a simple urea motif that binds Cl- selectively as a separated ion pair with H+ and reports the anion binding event through a fluorescence switch-on response. The host selectively binds Cl- over more basic anions, which deprotonate the framework, and less basic anions, which bind more weakly. The mechanical bond also imparts size selectivity to the ditopic host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Denis
- ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Lei Qin
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Peter Turner
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
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12
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Denis M, Pancholi J, Jobe K, Watkinson M, Goldup SM. Chelating Rotaxane Ligands as Fluorescent Sensors for Metal Ions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5310-5314. [PMID: 29537728 PMCID: PMC5947674 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although metal-ion-binding interlocked molecules have been under intense investigation for over three decades, their application as scaffolds for the development of sensors for metal ions remains underexplored. In this work, we demonstrate the potential of simple rotaxanes as metal-ion-responsive ligand scaffolds through the development of a proof-of-concept selective sensor for Zn2+ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Denis
- ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Jessica Pancholi
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
| | - Kajally Jobe
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
| | - Michael Watkinson
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
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13
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Denis M, Pancholi J, Jobe K, Watkinson M, Goldup SM. Chelating Rotaxane Ligands as Fluorescent Sensors for Metal Ions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Denis
- Chemistry; University of Southampton; Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Jessica Pancholi
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Kajally Jobe
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Michael Watkinson
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Stephen M. Goldup
- Chemistry; University of Southampton; Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
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14
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Lewis JEM, Modicom F, Goldup SM. Efficient Multicomponent Active Template Synthesis of Catenanes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4787-4791. [PMID: 29558129 PMCID: PMC5916464 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe a simple and high yielding active template synthesis of [2]catenanes. In addition to mechanical bond formation using a single premacrocycle bearing an azide and alkyne moiety, our method is also suitable for the co-macrocyclization of readily available bis-alkyne and bis-azide comonomers and even short alkyne/azide components which oligomerize prior to mechanical bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E M Lewis
- Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton SO17 1BJ , United Kingdom
| | - Florian Modicom
- Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton SO17 1BJ , United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Goldup
- Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton SO17 1BJ , United Kingdom
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15
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Denis M, Qin L, Turner P, Jolliffe KA, Goldup SM. A Fluorescent Ditopic Rotaxane Ion-Pair Host. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Denis
- Chemistry; University of Southampton; Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Lei Qin
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Peter Turner
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | | | - Stephen M. Goldup
- Chemistry; University of Southampton; Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
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17
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Roberts DA, Pilgrim BS, Nitschke JR. Covalent post-assembly modification in metallosupramolecular chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:626-644. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00907g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review examines the growing variety of covalent reactions used to achieve the post-assembly modification of self-assembled metallosupramolecular complexes.
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18
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Evans NH, Akien GR. Rapid and simultaneous synthesis of a hydrogen bond templated [3]rotaxane and its related [2]rotaxane molecular shuttle. Supramol Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2017.1400031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jiang Z, Li Y, Wang M, Liu D, Yuan J, Chen M, Wang J, Newkome GR, Sun W, Li X, Wang P. Constructing High-Generation Sierpiński Triangles by Molecular Puzzling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - Yiming Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; Tampa FL 78666 USA
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun Jilin- 130012 China
| | - Die Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - Jie Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - Mingzhao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - George R. Newkome
- Departments of Polymer Science; Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science; Department of Polymer Engineering and Chemistry; The University of Akron; Akron OH 44325 USA
| | - Wei Sun
- College of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; Tampa FL 78666 USA
| | - Pingshan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
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21
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Jiang Z, Li Y, Wang M, Liu D, Yuan J, Chen M, Wang J, Newkome GR, Sun W, Li X, Wang P. Constructing High-Generation Sierpiński Triangles by Molecular Puzzling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11450-11455. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - Yiming Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; Tampa FL 78666 USA
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials; College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun Jilin- 130012 China
| | - Die Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - Jie Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - Mingzhao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - George R. Newkome
- Departments of Polymer Science; Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science; Department of Polymer Engineering and Chemistry; The University of Akron; Akron OH 44325 USA
| | - Wei Sun
- College of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; Tampa FL 78666 USA
| | - Pingshan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Central South University; Changsha Hunan- 410083 China
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22
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Yamazaki Y, Mutoh Y, Saito S. Synthesis of Interlocked Compounds by Utilizing Bond-forming Reactions Mediated by Macrocyclic Phenanthroline-Cu Complexes. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601
| | - Yuichiro Mutoh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601
| | - Shinichi Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601
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Lewis JEM, Winn J, Goldup SM. Stepwise, Protecting Group Free Synthesis of [4]Rotaxanes. Molecules 2017; 22:E89. [PMID: 28075366 PMCID: PMC6155830 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in the last three decades towards high yielding syntheses of rotaxanes, the preparation of systems constructed from more than two components remains a challenge. Herein we build upon our previous report of an active template copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) rotaxane synthesis with a diyne in which, following the formation of the first mechanical bond, the steric bulk of the macrocycle tempers the reactivity of the second alkyne unit. We have now extended this approach to the use of 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene in order to successively prepare [2]-, [3]- and [4]rotaxanes without the need for protecting group chemistry. Whilst the first two iterations proceeded in good yield, the steric shielding that affords this selectivity also significantly reduces the efficacy of the active template (AT)-CuAAC reaction of the third alkyne towards the preparation of [4]rotaxanes, resulting in severely diminished yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E M Lewis
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Joby Winn
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Stephen M Goldup
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
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Kumar J, Pratibha, Verma S. Crystallographic signatures of silver-purine frameworks with an azide functionality. Inorganica Chim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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25
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Li Y, Jiang Z, Wang M, Yuan J, Liu D, Yang X, Chen M, Yan J, Li X, Wang P. Giant, Hollow 2D Metalloarchitecture: Stepwise Self-Assembly of a Hexagonal Supramolecular Nut. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10041-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhilong Jiang
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science, Engineering,
and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Die Liu
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhao Chen
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science, Engineering,
and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
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26
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Yamada Y, Kato T, Tanaka K. Assembly of Multi-Phthalocyanines on a Porphyrin Template by Fourfold Rotaxane Formation. Chemistry 2016; 22:12371-80. [PMID: 27417388 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A stacked assembly composed of a porphyrin and two phthalocyanines was prepared through fourfold rotaxane formation. Two phthalocyanine molecules, bearing four 24-crown-8 units, were assembled onto a porphyrin template incorporating four sidechains with two dialkylammonium ions each through pseudorotaxane formation between crown ether units and ammonium ions. The Staudinger phosphite reaction, as the stoppering reaction, resulted in the formation of the stacked heterotrimer composed of a porphyrin and two phthalocyanines connected through a fourfold rotaxane structure. UV/Vis spectroscopic and electrochemical studies of the heterotrimer indicated that there is a significant electronic interaction between the two phthalocyanine units due to the close stacking. The electrochemical oxidation process of the stacked heterotrimer was studied by cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of a dinuclear Cu(II) complex, in which two Cu(II) phthalocyanines were assembled on a metal-free porphyrin template, revealed that two Cu(II) phthalocyanines were located within the stacking distance, which resulted in an antiferromagnetic interaction between the two S=1/2 spins in the ground state of the Cu(2+) ions in the heterotrimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Naogya, 464-8602, Japan.,Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Naogya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Department of Interdisciplinary Environment, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshidanihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Naogya, 464-8602, Japan.
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27
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Lewis JEM, Bordoli RJ, Denis M, Fletcher CJ, Galli M, Neal EA, Rochette EM, Goldup SM. High yielding synthesis of 2,2'-bipyridine macrocycles, versatile intermediates in the synthesis of rotaxanes. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3154-3161. [PMID: 29997807 PMCID: PMC6005271 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00011h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an operationally simple approach to 2,2'-bipyridine macrocycles. Our method uses simple starting materials to produce these previously hard to access rotaxane precursors in remarkable yields (typically >65%) across a range of scales (0.1-5 mmol). All of the macrocycles reported are efficiently converted (>90%) to rotaxanes under AT-CuAAC conditions. With the requisite macrocycles finally available in sufficient quantities, we further demonstrate their long term utility through the first gram-scale synthesis of an AT-CuAAC [2]rotaxane and extend this powerful methodology to produce novel Sauvage-type molecular shuttles.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E M Lewis
- Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK .
| | - R J Bordoli
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences , Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road , London , E1 4NS , UK
| | - M Denis
- Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK .
| | - C J Fletcher
- Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK .
| | - M Galli
- Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK .
| | - E A Neal
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences , Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road , London , E1 4NS , UK
| | - E M Rochette
- Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK .
| | - S M Goldup
- Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton , SO17 1BJ , UK .
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28
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Hayashi R, Slavík P, Mutoh Y, Kasama T, Saito S. Sequence-Selective Synthesis of Rotacatenane Isomers. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1175-84. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuto Hayashi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Petr Slavík
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Mutoh
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kasama
- Research
Center for Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Shinichi Saito
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
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29
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Hoekman S, Kitching MO, Leigh DA, Papmeyer M, Roke D. Goldberg Active Template Synthesis of a [2]Rotaxane Ligand for Asymmetric Transition-Metal Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:7656-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b04726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Hoekman
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew O. Kitching
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Papmeyer
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Diederik Roke
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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30
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Wilson EA, Vermeulen NA, McGonigal PR, Avestro AJ, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Stoddart JF. Formation of a hetero[3]rotaxane by a dynamic component-swapping strategy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:9665-8. [PMID: 25019588 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03612c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Acid-catalysed scrambling of the mechanically interlocked components between two different homo[3]rotaxanes, constituted of dumbbells containing two secondary dialkylammonium ion recognition sites encircled by two [24]crown-8 rings, each containing a couple of imine bonds, affords a statistical mixture of a hetero[3]rotaxane along with the two homo[3]rotaxanes, indicating that neither selectivity nor cooperativity is operating during the assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor A Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA.
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31
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Neal EA, Goldup SM. Competitive formation of homocircuit [3]rotaxanes in synthetically useful yields in the bipyridine-mediated active template CuAAC reaction. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2398-2404. [PMID: 29308153 PMCID: PMC5645920 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03999h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently identified competitive formation of doubly interlocked [3]rotaxanes as the origin of the non-linear variation in yield of [2]rotaxane with macrocycle size in the bipyridine-mediated AT-CuAAC reaction. Selection of reaction conditions gave [2]rotaxanes in essentially quantitative yield in all cases and hard to access doubly threaded [3]rotaxanes in up to 50% yield in a single, four component coupling. Based on the effect of macrocycle structure on the reaction outcome we propose a detailed mechanism of [3]rotaxane formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Neal
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences , Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road , London , E1 4NS , UK
| | - Stephen M Goldup
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southampton , Highfield , Southampton , Hampshire SO17 1BJ , UK .
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32
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Yamashita Y, Mutoh Y, Yamasaki R, Kasama T, Saito S. Synthesis of [3]rotaxanes that utilize the catalytic activity of a macrocyclic phenanthroline-Cu Complex: remarkable effect of the length of the axle precursor. Chemistry 2014; 21:2139-45. [PMID: 25470127 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
[3]Rotaxanes, which consist of one macrocyclic phenanthroline compound and two axle components, were prepared by the oxidative dimerization of an alkyne compound with bulky tris[4'-cyclohexyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl]methyl blocking group. The catalytic activity of a macrocyclic phenanthroline-Cu complex was utilized to thread the two axle components inside the ring. The alkyne compound with chain of 15 or 20 methylene groups gave [3]rotaxanes in high yields, whereas the axle with a chain of six methylene groups afforded a [3]rotaxane in very poor yield. We also examined the effect of the ring size on the synthesis of [3]rotaxanes. [3]Rotaxanes were not isolated when a macrocyclic phenanthroline compound with a smaller ring size was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601 (Japan)
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Vanesa Marcos
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam R. Wilson
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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34
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Browne C, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. Palladium-Templated Subcomponent Self-Assembly of Macrocycles, Catenanes, and Rotaxanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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35
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Browne C, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. Palladium-Templated Subcomponent Self-Assembly of Macrocycles, Catenanes, and Rotaxanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:10701-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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36
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37
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Bordoli R, Goldup SM. An efficient approach to mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:4817-20. [PMID: 24559064 PMCID: PMC3977585 DOI: 10.1021/ja412715m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe the first method for production of mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes in excellent enantiopurity without the use of chiral separation techniques and, for the first time, unambiguously assign the absolute stereochemistry of the products. This proof-of-concept study, which employs a chiral pool sugar as the source of asymmetry and a high-yielding active template reaction for mechanical bond formation, finally opens the door to detailed investigation of these challenging targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert
J. Bordoli
- School of Biological and
Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University
of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K.
| | - Stephen M. Goldup
- School of Biological and
Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University
of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K.
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38
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Saha S, Santra S, Ghosh P. Cu
II
‐Templated Threading of a Bis‐amide‐tris‐amine Macrocycle by Substituted 2,2′‐Bipyridyl Derivatives Assisted by Strong π–π Stacking and Second‐Sphere H‐Bonding Interactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201301609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Saha
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A&2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India, http://www.iacs.res.in/inorg/icpg/
| | - Saikat Santra
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A&2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India, http://www.iacs.res.in/inorg/icpg/
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A&2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India, http://www.iacs.res.in/inorg/icpg/
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39
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Hayashi R, Wakatsuki K, Yamasaki R, Mutoh Y, Kasama T, Saito S. Synthesis of rotacatenanes by the combination of Cu-mediated threading reaction and the template method: the dual role of one ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:204-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47425a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuto Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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40
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Noor A, Moratti SC, Crowley JD. Active-template synthesis of “click” [2]rotaxane ligands: self-assembly of mechanically interlocked metallo-supramolecular dimers, macrocycles and oligomers. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01438c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A "click" active-metal-template strategy has been exploited to develop mono- and bi-2,2′,6′,2″-terpyridine functionalised [2]rotaxanes. When reacted with Fe(ii) ions these rotaxanes formed metallo-bis-([2]rotaxanes), macrocycles and oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Noor
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin, New Zealand
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41
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Saito S, Takahashi E, Wakatsuki K, Inoue K, Orikasa T, Sakai K, Yamasaki R, Mutoh Y, Kasama T. Synthesis of Large [2]Rotaxanes. The Relationship between the Size of the Blocking Group and the Stability of the Rotaxane. J Org Chem 2013; 78:3553-60. [DOI: 10.1021/jo302800t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Eiko Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Kouta Wakatsuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tomoko Orikasa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Kenta Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Ryu Yamasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Mutoh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kasama
- Instrumental Analysis Research
Center for Life Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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42
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Zhu Z, Bruns CJ, Li H, Lei J, Ke C, Liu Z, Shafaie S, Colquhoun HM, Stoddart JF. Synthesis and solution-state dynamics of donor–acceptor oligorotaxane foldamers. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc00015j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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43
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Glen PE, O'Neill JA, Lee AL. Synthesis of a C1-symmetric Box macrocycle and studies towards active-template synthesis of mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Ayme JF, Lux J, Sauvage JP, Sour A. [2]Catenanes built around octahedral transition-metal complexes that contain two intertwined endocyclic but non-sterically hindering tridentate ligands. Chemistry 2012; 18:5565-73. [PMID: 22431359 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201104061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Sterically hindering bidentate chelates, such as 2,9-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, form entwined complexes with copper(I) and other tetrahedrally coordinated transition-metal centres. To prepare octahedral complexes containing two entwined tridentate ligands and thus apply a strategy similar to that used for making catenanes with tetrahedral metal centres, the use of the classical terpy ligand (terpy=2,2':6',2''-terpyridine) appears to be attractive. In fact, 6,6''-diphenyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (dp-terpy) is not appropriate due to strong "pinching" of the organic backbone by coordination to the metal and thus stable entwined complexes with this ligand cannot be obtained. Herein, we report the synthesis and coordination properties of a new family of tridentate ligands, the main features of which are their endocyclic nature and non-sterically hindering character. The coordinating fragment consists of two 8'-phenylisoquinolin-3'-yl groups attached at the 2 and 6 positions of a pyridine nucleus. Octahedral complexes containing two such entangled ligands around an octahedral metal centre, such as Fe(II) , Ru(II) or Co(III) , are highly stable, with no steric congestion around the metal. By using functionalised ligands bearing terminal olefins, double ring-closing metathesis leads to [2]catenanes in good yield with Fe(II) or Co(III) as the templating metal centre. The X-ray crystallography structures of the Fe(II) precursor and the Fe(II) catenane are also reported. These show that although significant pinching of the ligand is observed in both Fe(II) complexes, the system is very open and no steric constraints can be detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Ayme
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, Institut de Chimie, University de Strasbourg-CNRS/UMR, France
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45
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Chou SSP, Lu CL, Hsu YH. Synthesis of Triazolyl-Substituted Quinolizidine Imides. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201100610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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46
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Dzyuba EV, Baytekin B, Sattler D, Schalley CA. Phenanthroline- and Terpyridine-Substituted Tetralactam Macrocycles: A Facile Route to Rigid Di- and Trivalent Receptors and Interlocked Molecules. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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47
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Baumes JM, Murgu I, Connell RD, Culligan WJ, Oliver AG, Smith BD. Allosteric regulation of a reactive squaraine rotaxane endoperoxide. Supramol Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2011.611887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M. Baumes
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN , 46556 , USA
| | - Ivan Murgu
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN , 46556 , USA
| | - Richard D. Connell
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN , 46556 , USA
| | - William J. Culligan
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN , 46556 , USA
| | - Allen G. Oliver
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN , 46556 , USA
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN , 46556 , USA
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48
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Saha S, Ravikumar I, Ghosh P. A Fluorophoric-Axle-Based, Nonfluororescent, Metallo anti-[3]Pseudorotaxane: Recovery of Fluorescence by Means of an Axle Substitution Reaction. Chemistry 2011; 17:13712-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Li C, Shu X, Li J, Chen S, Han K, Xu M, Hu B, Yu Y, Jia X. Complexation of 1,4-bis(pyridinium)butanes by negatively charged carboxylatopillar[5]arene. J Org Chem 2011; 76:8458-65. [PMID: 21923191 DOI: 10.1021/jo201185e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The binding behavior of substituted 1,4-bis(pyridinium)butane derivatives (X-Py(CH(2))(4)Py-X, X = H, 2-methyl, 3-methyl, 4-methyl, 2,6-dimethyl, 4-pyridyl, and 4-COOEthyl) 1(2+)-7(2+), with negatively charged carboxylatopillar[5]arene (CP5A) has been comprehensively investigated by (1)H NMR and 2D ROESY and UV absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy in aqueous phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.2). The results indicated that the position of the substituents attached on pyridinium ring dramatically affects the association constants and binding modes. 3- and 4-Substituted guests (1(2+), 3(2+), 4(2+), 6(2+), 7(2+)) form [2]pseudorotaxane geometries with CP5A host, giving very large association constants (>10(5) M(-1)), while 2,6-dimethyl-substituted 5(2+) forms external complex with relatively small K(a) values [(2.4 ± 0.3) × 10(3) M(-1)] because the 2,6-dimethylpyridinium unit is too bulky to thread the host cavity. Both of the binding geometries mentioned above are observed for 2(2+), having one methyl group in the 2-position of pyridinium. Typically, the association constant of [2]pseudorotaxane 1(2+)⊂CP5A exceeds 10(6) M(-1) in water, which is significantly higher than those of previously reported analogues in organic solvents. The remarkably improved complexation of bis(pyridinium) guests by the anionic host was due to electrostatic attraction forces and hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunju Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
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Beves JE, Blight BA, Campbell CJ, Leigh DA, McBurney RT. Strategien und Taktiken für die metallgesteuerte Synthese von Rotaxanen, Knoten, Catenanen und Verschlingungen höherer Ordnung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201007963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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