1
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Hong F, Robertson CM, Bower JF. An Aza-Enolate Strategy Enables Iridium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroalkenylations of Minimally Polarized Alkenes en Route to Complex N-Aryl β 2-Amino Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:22923-22929. [PMID: 39106062 PMCID: PMC11345758 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Cationic Ir(I)-complexes modified with homochiral diphosphines promote the hydroalkenylative cross-coupling of β-(arylamino)acrylates with monosubstituted styrenes and α-olefins. The processes are dependent on the presence of an NH unit, and it is postulated that metalation of this generates an iridium aza-enolate that engages the alkene during the C-C bond forming event. The method offers high branched selectivity and enantioselectivity and occurs with complete atom economy. Diastereocontrolled reduction of the products provides β2-amino acids that possess contiguous stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United
Kingdom
| | - Craig M. Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United
Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United
Kingdom
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2
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Shen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Li H, Hu C, Yu Z, Zheng K, Su Z. Elucidating Mechanism and Selectivity in Pyridine Functionalization Through Silylium Catalysis. Chemistry 2024:e202402078. [PMID: 38976314 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The functionalization of aromatic N-heterocycles through silylium activation demonstrates exceptional selectivity and efficiency. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations unveil the detailed silylium catalysis mechanism and elucidate the origins of selectivity in this reaction. The phosphoramidimidate sulfonamide (PADI) precatalyst orchestrates of the catalytic cycle via three elementary steps. The Brønsted acidity of precatalyst significantly influences both the formation of silylium-based Lewis acid active species and the silylium activation of pyridine. Unlike disulfonimide (DSI)-type precatalysts, both Tf2NH and PADI precatalysts with strong acidities can easily promote the generation of activated silylium pyridine species. A semi-enclosed 'rigid' electronegative cavity in PADI-type anions constructs a well-defined recognition site, facilitating engagement with the positively charged silylium pyridine species. Due to the high electrophilicity and less steric demand at the C4-position of the pyridine substrate, the product with C4-regioselectivity was predominantly generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Shen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Cefei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Haoze Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhishan Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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3
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Hong F, Aldhous TP, Kemmitt PD, Bower JF. A directed enolization strategy enables by-product-free construction of contiguous stereocentres en route to complex amino acids. Nat Chem 2024; 16:1125-1132. [PMID: 38565976 PMCID: PMC11230901 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01473-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Homochiral α-amino acids are widely used in pharmaceutical design as key subunits in chiral catalyst synthesis or as building blocks in synthetic biology. Many synthetic methods have been developed to access rare or unnatural variants by controlling the installation of the α-stereocentre. By contrast, and despite their importance, α-amino acids possessing β-stereocentres are much harder to synthesize. Here we demonstrate an iridium-catalysed protocol that allows the direct upconversion of simple alkenes and glycine derivatives to give β-substituted α-amino acids with exceptional levels of regio- and stereocontrol. Our method exploits the native directing ability of a glycine-derived N-H unit to facilitate Ir-catalysed enolization of the adjacent carbonyl. The resulting stereodefined enolate cross-couples with a styrene or α-olefin to install two contiguous stereocentres. The process offers very high levels of regio- and stereocontrol and occurs with complete atom economy. In broader terms, our reaction design offers a unique directing-group-controlled strategy for the direct stereocontrolled α-alkylation of carbonyl compounds, and provides a powerful approach for the synthesis of challenging contiguous stereocentres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Timothy P Aldhous
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul D Kemmitt
- Medicinal Chemistry, Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - John F Bower
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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4
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Liu N, Feng J, Chen X, Luo Y, Lv T, Wu Q, Zhu D. Reshaping the Substrate Binding Pocket of β-Amino Acid Dehydrogenase for the Synthesis of Aromatic β-Amino Acids. Org Lett 2023; 25:8469-8473. [PMID: 37972311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
By reshaping the substrate-binding pocket of β-amino acid dehydrogenase (β-AADH), some variants were obtained with up to 2560-fold enhanced activity toward the model substrates (S)-β-homophenylalanine and (R)-β-phenylalanine. A few aromatic β-amino acids were prepared with >99% ee and high isolated yields via either kinetic resolution of racemates or reductive amination of the corresponding β-keto acids. This work expands the catalytic capability of β-AADHs and highlights their practical application in the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant β-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yuyang Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- School of Biotechnology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Tong Lv
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
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5
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Singh VK, Zhu C, De CK, Leutzsch M, Baldinelli L, Mitra R, Bistoni G, List B. Taming secondary benzylic cations in catalytic asymmetric S N1 reactions. Science 2023; 382:325-329. [PMID: 37856595 DOI: 10.1126/science.adj7007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Benzylic stereogenic centers are ubiquitous in natural products and pharmaceuticals. A potentially general, though challenging, approach toward their selective creation would be asymmetric unimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN1) reactions that proceed through highly reactive benzylic cations. We now report a broadly applicable solution to this problem by identifying chiral counteranions that pair with secondary benzylic cations to engage in catalytic asymmetric C-C, C-O, and C-N bond-forming reactions with excellent enantioselectivity. The critical cationic intermediate can be accessed from different precursors via Lewis- or Brønsted acid catalysis. Key to our strategy is the use of only weakly basic, confined counteranions that are posited to prolong the lifetime of the carbocation, thereby avoiding nonproductive deprotonation pathways to the corresponding styrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar Singh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Chendan Zhu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Chandra Kanta De
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Baldinelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Raja Mitra
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa-403401, India
| | - Giovanni Bistoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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6
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Bhattacharya T, Baroliya PK, Al-Thabaiti SA, Maiti D. Simplifying the Synthesis of Nonproteinogenic Amino Acids via Palladium-Catalyzed δ-Methyl C-H Olefination of Aliphatic Amines and Amino Acids. JACS AU 2023; 3:1975-1983. [PMID: 37502162 PMCID: PMC10369672 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed directing group assisted C-H functionalizations provide a straightforward access to a wide variety of nonproteinogenic amino acids. While altering the side chain of an existing natural amino acids is one way, introducing a functional group to an aliphatic amine to synthesize versatile unnatural amino acids is another exciting avenue. In this work, we explore both the possibilities by the palladium-catalyzed δ-C(sp3)-H olefination of aliphatic amines and amino acids. A diverse substrate scope including sequential difunctionalizations followed by post synthetic transformations were achieved to understand the applicability of the current protocol. An in-depth mechanistic study was carried out to learn the mode of the reaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Bhattacharya
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar Baroliya
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Department
of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Shaeel A. Al-Thabaiti
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz
University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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7
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Wei J, Zhang J, Cheng JK, Xiang SH, Tan B. Modular enantioselective access to β-amino amides by Brønsted acid-catalysed multicomponent reactions. Nat Chem 2023; 15:647-657. [PMID: 37055574 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
β-Amino acids are structural motifs widely found in therapeutic natural products, novel biomimetic polymers and peptidomimetics. As a convergent method, the synthesis of stereoenriched β-amino amides through the asymmetric Mannich reaction requires specialized amide substrates or a metal catalyst for enolate formation. By a redesign of the Ugi reaction, a conceptually different solution to prepare chiral β-amino amides was established using ambiphilic ynamides as two-carbon synthons. The modulation of ynamides or oxygen nucleophiles concisely furnished three classes of β-amino amides with generally good efficiency as well as excellent chemo- and stereo-control. The utility is verified in the preparation of over 100 desired products that bear one or two contiguous carbon stereocentres, including those that directly incorporate drug molecules. This advance also provides a synthetic shortcut to other valuable structures. The amino amides could be elaborated into β-amino acids, anti-vicinal diamines, γ-amino alcohols and β-lactams or undergo transamidation with amino acids and amine-containing pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Kee Cheng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shao-Hua Xiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Bin Tan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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8
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Zhou H, Properzi R, Leutzsch M, Belanzoni P, Bistoni G, Tsuji N, Han JT, Zhu C, List B. Organocatalytic DYKAT of Si-Stereogenic Silanes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4994-5000. [PMID: 36826435 PMCID: PMC9999423 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Chiral organosilanes do not exist in nature and are therefore absent from the "chiral pool". As a consequence, synthetic approaches toward enantiopure silanes, stereogenic at silicon, are rather limited. While catalytic asymmetric desymmetrization reactions of symmetric organosilicon compounds have been developed, the utilization of racemic silanes in a dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation (DYKAT) or dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) would significantly expand the breadth of accessible Si-stereogenic compounds. We now report a DYKAT of racemic allyl silanes enabled by strong and confined imidodiphosphorimidate (IDPi) catalysts, providing access to Si-stereogenic silyl ethers. The products of this reaction are easily converted into useful enantiopure monohydrosilanes. We propose a spectroscopically and experimentally supported mechanism involving the epimerization of a catalyst-bound intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Roberta Properzi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- University of Perugia, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bistoni
- University of Perugia, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Nobuya Tsuji
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Jung Tae Han
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Chendan Zhu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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9
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Tsuji N, Sidorov P, Zhu C, Nagata Y, Gimadiev T, Varnek A, List B. Predicting Highly Enantioselective Catalysts Using Tunable Fragment Descriptors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218659. [PMID: 36688354 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Catalyst optimization processes typically rely on inductive and qualitative assumptions of chemists based on screening data. While machine learning models using molecular properties or calculated 3D structures enable quantitative data evaluation, costly quantum chemical calculations are often required. In contrast, readily available binary fingerprint descriptors are time- and cost-efficient, but their predictive performance remains insufficient. Here, we describe a machine learning model based on fragment descriptors, which are fine-tuned for asymmetric catalysis and represent cyclic or polyaromatic hydrocarbons, enabling robust and efficient virtual screening. Using training data with only moderate selectivities, we designed theoretically and validated experimentally new catalysts showing higher selectivities in a challenging asymmetric tetrahydropyran synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuya Tsuji
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Pavel Sidorov
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Chendan Zhu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Yuuya Nagata
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Timur Gimadiev
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Alexandre Varnek
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan.,Laboratory of Chemoinformatics, UMR 7140, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Benjamin List
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan.,Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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10
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Cross-assembly confined bifunctional catalysis via non-covalent interactions for asymmetric halogenation. Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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11
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Suzuki H, Kondo S, Yamada K, Matsuda T. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Reductive Mannich-type Reaction of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids to Ketimines: A Direct Entry to Unprotected β 2,3,3 -Amino Acids. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202575. [PMID: 36341524 PMCID: PMC10107894 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Stereoselective construction of unprotected β-amino acids is a significant challenge owing to the lack of methods for the catalytic generation of highly enantioenriched carboxylic acid enolates. In this study, a novel copper-catalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective reductive Mannich-type reaction of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids was developed, which provides a direct and scalable synthetic method for enantioenriched β2,3,3 -amino acids with vicinal stereogenic centers. The protocol features in situ generation of transiently protected carboxylic acids by a hydrosilane and their diastereo- and enantioselective reductive coupling with ketimines. The synthetic utility of this process was demonstrated by a gram-scale reaction and the transformation of β-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagrazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Sora Kondo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagrazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagrazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagrazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
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12
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Feng M, Mosiagin I, Kaiser D, Maryasin B, Maulide N. Deployment of Sulfinimines in Charge-Accelerated Sulfonium Rearrangement Enables a Surrogate Asymmetric Mannich Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13044-13049. [PMID: 35839521 PMCID: PMC9374180 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
β-Amino acid derivatives are key structural elements in synthetic and biological chemistry. Despite being a hallmark method for their preparation, the direct Mannich reaction encounters significant challenges when carboxylic acid derivatives are employed. Indeed, not only is chemoselective enolate formation a pitfall (particularly with carboxamides), but most importantly the inability to reliably access α-tertiary amines through an enolate/ketimine coupling is an unsolved problem of this century-old reaction. Herein, we report a strategy enabling the first direct coupling of carboxamides with ketimines for the diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of β-amino amides. This conceptually novel approach hinges on the innovative deployment of enantiopure sulfinimines in sulfonium rearrangements, and at once solves the problems of chemoselectivity, reactivity, and (relative and absolute) stereoselectivity of the Mannich process. In-depth computational studies explain the observed, unexpected (dia)stereoselectivity and showcase the key role of intramolecular interactions, including London dispersion, for the accurate description of the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Feng
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan Mosiagin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Kaiser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Boris Maryasin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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13
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Momiyama N, Jongwohan C, Ohtsuka N, Chaibuth P, Fujinami T, Adachi K, Suzuki T. Chiral Counteranion-Directed Catalytic Asymmetric Methylene Migration Reaction of Ene-Aldimines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9399-9407. [PMID: 35736506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic asymmetric methylene migration reaction of ene-aldimines directed by chiral counteranions is developed, with the optimal catalyst identified as phenanthryl-substituted (R)-BINOL phosphate. Control experiments and density functional theory computations reveal the importance of the 2-hydroxy group of the ene-aldimine and attractive (e.g., OH···O, CH···O, CH···π, and π···π) interactions for high enantioselectivity (up to 74% ee). The results contribute to the design of asymmetric catalysis for the rearrangement of highly reactive iminium intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norie Momiyama
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.,SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Chanantida Jongwohan
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.,SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Naoya Ohtsuka
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.,SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Pawittra Chaibuth
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.,Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Kiyohiro Adachi
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 111-8656, Japan
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14
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Zhou H, Han JT, Nöthling N, Lindner MM, Jenniches J, Kühn C, Tsuji N, Zhang L, List B. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Si-Stereogenic Silyl Ethers. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10156-10161. [PMID: 35649270 PMCID: PMC9490845 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized enantiopure organosilanes are important building blocks with applications in various fields of chemistry; nevertheless, asymmetric synthetic methods for their preparation are rare. Here we report the first organocatalytic enantioselective synthesis of tertiary silyl ethers possessing "central chirality" on silicon. The reaction proceeds via a desymmetrizing carbon-carbon bond forming silicon-hydrogen exchange reaction of symmetrical bis(methallyl)silanes with phenols using newly developed imidodiphosphorimidate (IDPi) catalysts. A variety of enantiopure silyl ethers was obtained in high yields with good chemo- and enantioselectivities and could be readily derivatized to several useful chiral silicon compounds, leveraging the olefin functionality and the leaving group nature of the phenoxy substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Jung Tae Han
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Monika M. Lindner
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Judith Jenniches
- Innovation
Center, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Clemens Kühn
- Innovation
Center, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Nobuya Tsuji
- Institute
for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Li Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institute
for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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15
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Zou LM, Huang XY, Zheng C, Cheng YZ, You SL. Chiral Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Intramolecular Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Indoles with Primary Alcohols. Org Lett 2022; 24:3544-3548. [PMID: 35533379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein, chiral Brønsted acid-catalyzed intramolecular asymmetric allylic alkylation of indoles with allylic primary alcohols is described. The allyl alcohols were directly employed as the allylic precursors in this metal-free protocol, without preactivation or any additional activating reagents. This method provides the convenient synthesis of a broad range of functionalized tetrahydrocarbazoles in excellent yields (≤97%) with good enantioselectivity (≤93% ee). The optimal conditions are compatible for gram-scale reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Ming Zou
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xian-Yun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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16
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Ouyang J, Maji R, Leutzsch M, Mitschke B, List B. Design of an Organocatalytic Asymmetric (4 + 3) Cycloaddition of 2-Indolylalcohols with Dienolsilanes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8460-8466. [PMID: 35523203 PMCID: PMC9121375 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
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Here we present the
design of a highly enantioselective, catalytic
(4 + 3) cycloaddition of gem-dialkyl 2-indolyl alcohols
and dienolsilanes, enabled by strong and confined IDPi Lewis acids.
The method furnishes novel bicyclo[3.2.2]cyclohepta[b]indoles with up to three stereogenic centers, one of which is quaternary.
A broad substrate scope is accompanied by versatile downstream chemical
modifications. Density functional theory-supported mechanistic studies
shed light on the importance of the in situ generated silylium species
in an overall concerted yet asynchronous cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ouyang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Rajat Maji
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin Mitschke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICRedd), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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17
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Grossmann O, Maji R, Aukland MH, Lee S, List B. Catalytic Asymmetric Additions of Enol Silanes to In Situ Generated Cyclic, Aliphatic N-Acyliminium Ions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115036. [PMID: 34897932 PMCID: PMC9303265 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Strong and confined imidodiphosphorimidate (IDPi) catalysts enable highly enantioselective substitutions of cyclic, aliphatic hemiaminal ethers with enol silanes. 2-Substituted pyrrolidines, piperidines, and azepanes are obtained with high enantioselectivities, and the method displays a broad tolerance of various enol silane nucleophiles. Several natural products can be accessed using this methodology. Mechanistic studies support the intermediacy of non-stabilized, cyclic N-(exo-acyl)iminium ions, paired with the confined chiral counteranion. Computational studies suggest transition states that explain the observed enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Grossmann
- Homogeneous CatalysisMax-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an derRuhrGermany
| | - Rajat Maji
- Homogeneous CatalysisMax-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an derRuhrGermany
| | - Miles H. Aukland
- Homogeneous CatalysisMax-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an derRuhrGermany
| | - Sunggi Lee
- Department of Emerging Materials ScienceDaegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)333, Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gunDaegu (Republik ofKorea
| | - Benjamin List
- Homogeneous CatalysisMax-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der Ruhr (Germany)
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD)Hokkaido UniversitySapporo001-0021Japan
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18
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Peng B, Ma J, Guo J, Gong Y, Wang R, Zhang Y, Zeng J, Chen WW, Ding K, Zhao B. A Powerful Chiral Super Brønsted C-H Acid for Asymmetric Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2853-2860. [PMID: 35143204 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new type of chiral super Brønsted C-H acids, BINOL-derived phosphoryl bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl) methanes (BPTMs), were developed. As compared to widely utilized BINOL-derived chiral phosphoric acids (BPAs) and N-triflyl phosphoramides (NTPAs), BPTMs displayed much higher Brønsted acidity, resulting in dramatically improved activity and excellent enantioselectivity as demonstrated in catalytic asymmetric Mukaiyama-Mannich reaction, allylic amination, three-component coupling of allyltrimethylsilane with 9-fluorenylmethyl carbamate and aldehydes, and protonation of silyl enol ether. These new strong Brønsted C-H acids have provided a platform for expanding the chemistry of asymmetric Brønsted acid catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingfei Peng
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Jiguo Ma
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yating Gong
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ronghao Wang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinlong Zeng
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Wen-Wen Chen
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Kuiling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Baoguo Zhao
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
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19
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Kovalevsky RA, Smirnov MV, Kucherenko AS, Bykova KA, Shikina EV, Zlotin SG. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Double Addition of Kojic Acids to 2‐Nitroallylic Carbonates. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan A. Kovalevsky
- I.N.Nazarov Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis t N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie gory 1–3 119234 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Maxim V. Smirnov
- I.N.Nazarov Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis t N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie gory 1–3 119234 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S. Kucherenko
- I.N.Nazarov Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis t N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Kseniya A. Bykova
- I.N.Nazarov Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis t N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Elizaveta V. Shikina
- I.N.Nazarov Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis t N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Faculty of Material sciences M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie gory 1–3 119234 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Sergei G. Zlotin
- I.N.Nazarov Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis t N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
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20
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Grossmann O, Maji R, Aukland MH, Lee S, List B. Katalytische asymmetrische Additionen von Enolsilanen an in situ erzeugte zyklische, aliphatische
N
‐Acyliminiumionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Grossmann
- Homogene Katalyse Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Rajat Maji
- Homogene Katalyse Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Miles H. Aukland
- Homogene Katalyse Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Sunggi Lee
- Department of Emerging Materials Science Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) 333, Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun Daegu (Republik Korea
| | - Benjamin List
- Homogene Katalyse Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr (Germany)
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
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21
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Niu R, He Y, Lin JB. Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of α-stereogenic carboxylic acids: recent advances. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:37-54. [PMID: 34854454 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02038b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chiral carboxylic acids bearing an α-stereogenic center constitute the backbone of many natural products and therapeutic reagents as well as privileged chiral ligands and catalysts. Hence, it is not surprising that a large number of elegant catalytic asymmetric strategies have been developed toward the efficient synthesis of α-chiral carboxylic acids, such as α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids. In this review, the recent advances in asymmetric synthesis of α-stereogenic free carboxylic acids via organocatalysis and transition metal catalysis are summarized (mainly from 2010 to 2020). The content is organized by the reaction type of the carboxyl source involved, including asymmetric functionalization of substituted carboxylic acids, cyclic anhydrides, α-keto acids, substituted α,β-unsaturated acids and so on. We hope that this review will motivate further interest in catalytic asymmetric synthesis of chiral α-substituted carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Niu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Yi He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Jun-Bing Lin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
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22
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Enantioselective formal carbene insertion into C–N bond of aminal as a concise track to chiral α-amino-β2,2-amino acids and synthetic applications. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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23
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Kovalevsky RA, Kucherenko AS, Korlyukov AA, Zlotin SG. Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of 3‐Hydroxychromen‐4‐Ones to Electron‐Deficient Olefins Catalyzed by Recyclable C
2
‐Symmetric Squaramide. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan A. Kovalevsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Department of Chemistry Leninskie gory 1–3 119234 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S. Kucherenko
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A. Korlyukov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Sergei G. Zlotin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 47 Leninsky Prospect 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
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24
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List B, Zhou H, Zhang P. The Silicon–Hydrogen Exchange Reaction: Catalytic Kinetic Resolution of 2-Substituted Cyclic Ketones. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1670-5829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AbstractWe have recently reported the strong and confined, chiral acid-catalyzed asymmetric ‘silicon−hydrogen exchange reaction’. One aspect of this transformation is that it enables access to enantiopure enol silanes in a tautomerizing σ-bond metathesis, via deprotosilylation of ketones with allyl silanes as the silicon source. However, until today, this reaction has not been applied to racemic, 2-substituted, cyclic ketones. We show here that these important substrates readily undergo a highly enantioselective kinetic resolution furnishing the corresponding kinetically preferred enol silanes. Mechanistic studies suggest the fascinating possibility of advancing the process to a dynamic kinetic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Zhou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
| | - Pinglu Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University
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25
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Amatov T, Tsuji N, Maji R, Schreyer L, Zhou H, Leutzsch M, List B. Confinement-Controlled, Either syn- or anti-Selective Catalytic Asymmetric Mukaiyama Aldolizations of Propionaldehyde Enolsilanes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14475-14481. [PMID: 34436899 PMCID: PMC8447262 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Protected aldols
(i.e., true aldols derived from aldehydes) with
either syn- or anti- stereochemistry
are versatile intermediates in many oligopropionate syntheses. Traditional
stereoselective approaches to such aldols typically require several
nonstrategic operations. Here we report two highly enantioselective
and diastereoselective catalytic Mukaiyama aldol reactions of the
TBS- or TES- enolsilanes of propionaldehyde with aromatic aldehydes.
Our reactions directly deliver valuable silyl protected propionaldehyde
aldols in a catalyst controlled manner, either as syn- or anti- isomer. We have identified a privileged
IDPi catalyst motif that is tailored for controlling these aldolizations
with exceptional selectivities. We demonstrate how a single atom modification
in the inner core of the IDPi catalyst, replacing a CF3-group with a CF2H-group, leads to a dramatic switch in
enantiofacial differentiation of the aldehyde. The origin of this
remarkable effect was attributed to tightening of the catalytic cavity
via unconventional C–H hydrogen bonding of the CF2H group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tynchtyk Amatov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nobuya Tsuji
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Rajat Maji
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lucas Schreyer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Hui Zhou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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26
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Zheng XZ, Chen K, Xiao JA, Li J, Wang SS, Zhao QL, Xiang HY, Chen XQ, Yang H. Unveiling the abnormal effect of temperature on enantioselectivity in the palladium-mediated decabonylative alkylation of MBH acetate. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00782c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unusual temperature–enantioselectivity relationship was observed in the newly developed palladium-catalysed enantioselective nucleophilic substitution of cyclic Morita–Baylis–Hillman acetate and 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Zhou Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jun-An Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Sha-Sha Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Lan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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