1
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He X, Fan K, Gong H, Huang M, Zeng Q, Huang J, Peng X, Lai P, Lu Y, Wang H. Mechanism study of cross presentation of exogenous antigen induced by cholera toxin-like chimeric protein. Vaccine 2024; 42:1549-1560. [PMID: 38320931 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Tumor subunit vaccines have great potential in personalized cancer immunotherapy. They are usually administered with adjuvant owing to their low immunogenicity. Cholera toxin (CT) is a biological adjuvant with diverse biological functions and a long history of use. Our earlier study revealed that a CT-like chimeric protein co-delivered with murine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) and prostate cancer antigen epitope could co-stimulate dendritic cells (DCs) and enhance cross presentation of tumor epitope. To further study the molecular mechanism of CT-like chimeric protein in cross presentation, major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I)-restricted epitope 257-264 of ovalbumin (OVAT) was used as a model antigen peptide in this study. Recombinant A subunit and pentameric B subunit of CT protein were respectively genetically constructed and purified. Then both assembled into AB5 chimeric protein in vitro. Three different chimeric biomacromolecules containing mGM-CSF and OVAT were constructed according to the different fusion sites and whether the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention sequence was included. It was found that A2 domain and B subunit of CT were both available for loading epitopes and retaining GM1 affinity. The binding activity of GM1 was positively correlated with antigen endocytosis. Once internalized, DCs became mature and cross-presented antigen. KDEL helped the whole molecule to be retained in the ER, and this improved the cross presentation of antigen on MHC I molecules. In conclusion, hexameric CT-like chimeric protein with dual effects of GM1 affinity and ER retention sequence were potential in improvement of cross presentation. The results laid a foundation for designing personalized tumor vaccine based on CT-like chimeric protein molecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianying He
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, CN, China
| | - Kaixiang Fan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, CN, China
| | - Haiyan Gong
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, CN, China
| | - Mingqin Huang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, CN, China
| | - Qingsong Zeng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, CN, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, CN, China
| | - Ximing Peng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, CN, China
| | - Peifang Lai
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, CN, China
| | - Yujing Lu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, CN, China
| | - Huaqian Wang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, CN, China.
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2
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Narum S, Deal B, Ogasawara H, Mancuso JN, Zhang J, Salaita K. An Endosomal Escape Trojan Horse Platform to Improve Cytosolic Delivery of Nucleic Acids. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6186-6201. [PMID: 38346399 PMCID: PMC10906071 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Endocytosis is a major bottleneck toward cytosolic delivery of nucleic acids, as the vast majority of nucleic acid drugs remain trapped within endosomes. Current trends to overcome endosomal entrapment and subsequent degradation provide varied success; however, active delivery agents such as cell-penetrating peptides have emerged as a prominent strategy to improve cytosolic delivery. Yet, these membrane-active agents have poor selectivity for endosomal membranes, leading to toxicity. A hallmark of endosomes is their acidic environment, which aids in degradation of foreign materials. Here, we develop a pH-triggered spherical nucleic acid that provides smart antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) release upon endosomal acidification and selective membrane disruption, termed DNA EndosomaL Escape Vehicle Response (DELVR). We anchor i-Motif DNA to a nanoparticle (AuNP), where the complement strand contains both an ASO sequence and a functionalized endosomal escape peptide (EEP). By orienting the EEP toward the AuNP core, the EEP is inactive until it is released through acidification-induced i-Motif folding. In this study, we characterize a small library of i-Motif duplexes to develop a structure-switching nucleic acid sequence triggered by endosomal acidification. We evaluate antisense efficacy using HIF1a, a hypoxic indicator upregulated in many cancers, and demonstrate dose-dependent activity through RT-qPCR. We show that DELVR significantly improves ASO efficacy in vitro. Finally, we use fluorescence lifetime imaging and activity measurement to show that DELVR benefits synergistically from nuclease- and pH-driven release strategies with increased ASO endosomal escape efficiency. Overall, this study develops a modular platform that improves the cytosolic delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics and offers key insights for overcoming intracellular barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Narum
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute
of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Brendan Deal
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Hiroaki Ogasawara
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | | | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute
of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Khalid Salaita
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute
of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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3
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Pan X, Li Y, Huang P, Staecker H, He M. Extracellular vesicles for developing targeted hearing loss therapy. J Control Release 2024; 366:460-478. [PMID: 38182057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Substantial efforts have been made for local administration of small molecules or biologics in treating hearing loss diseases caused by either trauma, genetic mutations, or drug ototoxicity. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) naturally secreted from cells have drawn increasing attention on attenuating hearing impairment from both preclinical studies and clinical studies. Highly emerging field utilizing diverse bioengineering technologies for developing EVs as the bioderived therapeutic materials, along with artificial intelligence (AI)-based targeting toolkits, shed the light on the unique properties of EVs specific to inner ear delivery. This review will illuminate such exciting research field from fundamentals of hearing protective functions of EVs to biotechnology advancement and potential clinical translation of functionalized EVs. Specifically, the advancements in assessing targeting ligands using AI algorithms are systematically discussed. The overall translational potential of EVs is reviewed in the context of auditory sensing system for developing next generation gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Peixin Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Hinrich Staecker
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States.
| | - Mei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States.
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4
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Graceffa V. Intracellular protein delivery: New insights into the therapeutic applications and emerging technologies. Biochimie 2023; 213:82-99. [PMID: 37209808 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The inability to cross the plasma membranes traditionally limited the therapeutic use of recombinant proteins. However, in the last two decades, novel technologies made delivering proteins inside the cells possible. This allowed researchers to unlock intracellular targets, once considered 'undruggable', bringing a new research area to emerge. Protein transfection systems display a large potential in a plethora of applications. However, their modality of action is often unclear, and cytotoxic effects are elevated, whereas experimental conditions to increase transfection efficacy and cell viability still need to be identified. Furthermore, technical complexity often limits in vivo experimentation, while challenging industrial and clinical translation. This review highlights the applications of protein transfection technologies, and then critically discuss the current methodologies and their limitations. Physical membrane perforation systems are compared to systems exploiting cellular endocytosis. Research evidence of the existence of either extracellular vesicles (EVs) or cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs)- based systems, that circumvent the endosomal systems is critically analysed. Commercial systems, novel solid-phase reverse protein transfection systems, and engineered living intracellular bacteria-based mechanisms are finally described. This review ultimately aims at finding new methodologies and possible applications of protein transfection systems, while helping the development of an evidence-based research approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Graceffa
- Cellular Health and Toxicology Research Group (CHAT), Centre for Mathematical Modelling and Intelligent Systems for Health and Environment (MISHE), Atlantic Technological University (ATU), Sligo, Ireland.
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5
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Zhao Y, Jiang H, Yu J, Wang L, Du J. Engineered Histidine-Rich Peptides Enhance Endosomal Escape for Antibody-Targeted Intracellular Delivery of Functional Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202304692. [PMID: 37283024 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the clinical application of protein/peptide therapeutics is mainly limited to the modulation of diseases in extracellular spaces. Intracellular targets are hardly accessed, owing largely to the endosomal entrapment of internalized proteins/peptides. Here, we report a strategy to design and construct peptides that enable endosome-to-cytosol delivery based on an extension of the "histidine switch" principle. By substituting the Arg/Lys residues in cationic cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) with histidine, we obtained peptides with pH-dependent membrane-perturbation activity. These peptides do not randomly penetrate cells like CPPs, but imitate the endosomal escape of CPPs following cellular uptake. Working with one such 16-residue peptide (hsLMWP) with high endosomal escape capacity, we engineered modular fusion proteins and achieved antibody-targeted delivery of diverse protein cargoes-including the pro-apoptotic protein BID (BH3-interacting domain death agonist) and Cre recombinase-into the cytosol of multiple cancer cell types. After extensive in vitro testing, an in vivo analysis with xenograft mice ultimately demonstrated that a trastuzumab-hsLMWP-BID fusion conferred strong anti-tumor efficacy without apparent side effects. Notably, our fusion protein features a modular design, allowing flexible applications for any antibody/cargo combination of choice. Therefore, the potential applications extend throughout life science and biomedicine, including gene editing, cancer treatment, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute Biological Sciences (PTN) Joint Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haolin Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies (AAIS), Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute Biological Sciences (PTN) Joint Graduate Program, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiazhen Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Juanjuan Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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6
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Tomazini A, Shifman JM. Targeting Ras with protein engineering. Oncotarget 2023; 14:672-687. [PMID: 37395750 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ras proteins are small GTPases that regulate cell growth and division. Mutations in Ras genes are associated with many types of cancer, making them attractive targets for cancer therapy. Despite extensive efforts, targeting Ras proteins with small molecules has been extremely challenging due to Ras's mostly flat surface and lack of small molecule-binding cavities. These challenges were recently overcome by the development of the first covalent small-molecule anti-Ras drug, sotorasib, highlighting the efficacy of Ras inhibition as a therapeutic strategy. However, this drug exclusively inhibits the Ras G12C mutant, which is not a prevalent mutation in most cancer types. Unlike the G12C variant, other Ras oncogenic mutants lack reactive cysteines, rendering them unsuitable for targeting via the same strategy. Protein engineering has emerged as a promising method to target Ras, as engineered proteins have the ability to recognize various surfaces with high affinity and specificity. Over the past few years, scientists have engineered antibodies, natural Ras effectors, and novel binding domains to bind to Ras and counteract its carcinogenic activities via a variety of strategies. These include inhibiting Ras-effector interactions, disrupting Ras dimerization, interrupting Ras nucleotide exchange, stimulating Ras interaction with tumor suppressor genes, and promoting Ras degradation. In parallel, significant advancements have been made in intracellular protein delivery, enabling the delivery of the engineered anti-Ras agents into the cellular cytoplasm. These advances offer a promising path for targeting Ras proteins and other challenging drug targets, opening up new opportunities for drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilio Tomazini
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Julia M Shifman
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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7
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Qian L, Lin X, Gao X, Khan RU, Liao JY, Du S, Ge J, Zeng S, Yao SQ. The Dawn of a New Era: Targeting the "Undruggables" with Antibody-Based Therapeutics. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37186942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The high selectivity and affinity of antibodies toward their antigens have made them a highly valuable tool in disease therapy, diagnosis, and basic research. A plethora of chemical and genetic approaches have been devised to make antibodies accessible to more "undruggable" targets and equipped with new functions of illustrating or regulating biological processes more precisely. In this Review, in addition to introducing how naked antibodies and various antibody conjugates (such as antibody-drug conjugates, antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates, antibody-enzyme conjugates, etc.) work in therapeutic applications, special attention has been paid to how chemistry tools have helped to optimize the therapeutic outcome (i.e., with enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects) or facilitate the multifunctionalization of antibodies, with a focus on emerging fields such as targeted protein degradation, real-time live-cell imaging, catalytic labeling or decaging with spatiotemporal control as well as the engagement of antibodies inside cells. With advances in modern chemistry and biotechnology, well-designed antibodies and their derivatives via size miniaturization or multifunctionalization together with efficient delivery systems have emerged, which have gradually improved our understanding of important biological processes and paved the way to pursue novel targets for potential treatments of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghui Qian
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuefen Lin
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Rizwan Ullah Khan
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jia-Yu Liao
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shubo Du
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingyan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117544
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8
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Tian R, Shang Y, Wang Y, Jiang Q, Ding B. DNA Nanomaterials-Based Platforms for Cancer Immunotherapy. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201518. [PMID: 36651129 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed the evolving paradigm for cancer therapy from nonspecific cytotoxic agents to selective, mechanism-based therapeutics, especially immunotherapy. In particular, the integration of nanomaterials with immunotherapy is proven to improve the therapeutic outcome and minimize off-target toxicity in the treatment. As a novel nanomaterial, DNA-based self-assemblies featuring uniform geometries, feasible modifications, programmability, surface addressability, versatility, and intrinsic biocompatibility, are extensively exploited for innovative and effective cancer immunotherapy. In this review, the successful employment of DNA nanoplatforms for cancer immunotherapy, including the delivery of immunogenic cell death inducers, adjuvants and vaccines, immune checkpoint blockers as well as the application in immune cell engineering and adoptive cell therapy is summarized. The remaining challenges and future perspectives regarding the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, in vivo fate and immunogenicity of DNA materials, and the design of intelligent DNA nanomedicine for individualized cancer immunotherapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Sino-Danish College, Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yingxu Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qiao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baoquan Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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9
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Hori H, Kotani A, Abe J, Matsuguchi S, Hirai Y. Extracellular epimorphin impairs expression and processing of profilaggrin in HaCaT keratinocytes. Cytotechnology 2023; 75:123-133. [PMID: 36969570 PMCID: PMC10030722 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-022-00566-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression and processing of filaggrin, a filament-associated protein in the skin epidermis, is closely associated with keratinocyte cornification. The large precursor profilaggrin (Pro-FLG) is initially detected at the granular layer in keratohyalin granules, subsequently processed into 10 to 12 filaggrin monomers (mFLGs) for keratin assembly, and ultimately degraded into smaller peptides that behave as natural moisturizing factor (NMF) at the outermost epidermis. We previously reported that epimorphin (EPM) extruded upon external stimuli severely perturbs epidermal terminal differentiation. Using HaCaT keratinocytes with inducible expression and recombinant EPM and FLG, we investigated the effect of extracellular EPM on the expression profile of filaggrin. As expression and processing of Pro-FLG in primary keratinocytes are accompanied with apoptotic cell death, we employed HaCaT keratinocytes that grow and express filaggrin mRNA in standard culture medium. In response to ectopic stimulation with extracellular EPM, Pro-FLG expression decreased with elimination of keratohyalin granules in the cells, with filaggrin mRNA remained constant and profilaggrin processing was not accelerated. Additionally, using a recombinant form of mFLG engineered for intracellular localization, we found that extracellular EPM hindered proteolytic cleavage of mFLG for production of NMF. Taken together, extracellularly extruded EPM, an epidermal cornification blocker, not only decreases Pro-FLG expression but also reduces the production of NMF in HaCaT keratinocytes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-022-00566-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Hori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1, GakuenUegahara, Sanda, 669-1330 Japan
- Present Address: Oppen Cosmetics Co, LTD. 2-17-1 Kisibeminami, Suita, 565-8501 Japan
| | - Ayaka Kotani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1, GakuenUegahara, Sanda, 669-1330 Japan
| | - Junya Abe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1, GakuenUegahara, Sanda, 669-1330 Japan
| | - Shuji Matsuguchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1, GakuenUegahara, Sanda, 669-1330 Japan
| | - Yohei Hirai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1, GakuenUegahara, Sanda, 669-1330 Japan
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10
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Moreno-Gutierrez DS, Del Toro-Ríos X, Martinez-Sulvaran NJ, Perez-Altamirano MB, Hernandez-Garcia A. Programming the Cellular Uptake of Protein-Based Viromimetic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1563-1573. [PMID: 36877960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Viral mimetics is a noteworthy strategy to design efficient delivery systems without the safety drawbacks and engineering difficulties of modifying viral vectors. The triblock polypeptide CSB was previously designed de novo to self-assemble with DNA into nanocomplexes called artificial virus-like particles (AVLPs) due to their similarities to viral particles. Here, we show how we can incorporate new blocks into the CSB polypeptide to enhance its transfection without altering its self-assembly capabilities and the stability and morphology of the AVLPs. The addition of a short peptide (aurein) and/or a large protein (transferrin) to the AVLPs improved their internalization and specific targeting to cells by up to 11 times. Overall, these results show how we can further program the cellular uptake of the AVLPs with a wide range of bioactive blocks. This can pave the way to develop programmable and efficient gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Moreno-Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Department of Chemistry of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ximena Del Toro-Ríos
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Department of Chemistry of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Natalia J Martinez-Sulvaran
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Department of Chemistry of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mayra B Perez-Altamirano
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Department of Chemistry of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Hernandez-Garcia
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Department of Chemistry of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
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11
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Voltà-Durán E, Parladé E, Serna N, Villaverde A, Vazquez E, Unzueta U. Endosomal escape for cell-targeted proteins. Going out after going in. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 63:108103. [PMID: 36702197 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein-based nanocarriers are versatile and biocompatible drug delivery systems. They are of particular interest in nanomedicine as they can recruit multiple functions in a single modular polypeptide. Many cell-targeting peptides or protein domains can promote cell uptake when included in these nanoparticles through receptor-mediated endocytosis. In that way, targeting drugs to specific cell receptors allows a selective intracellular delivery process, avoiding potential side effects of the payload. However, once internalized, the endo-lysosomal route taken by the engulfed material usually results in full degradation, preventing their adequate subcellular localization, bioavailability and subsequent therapeutic effect. Thus, entrapment into endo-lysosomes is a main bottleneck in the efficacy of protein-drug nanomedicines. Promoting endosomal escape and preventing lysosomal degradation would make this therapeutic approach clinically plausible. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms intended to evade lysosomal degradation of proteins, with the most relevant examples and associated strategies, and the methods available to measure that effect. In addition, based on the increasing catalogue of peptide domains tailored to face this challenge as components of protein nanocarriers, we emphasize how their particular mechanisms of action can potentially alter the functionality of accompanying protein materials, especially in terms of targeting and specificity in the delivery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Voltà-Durán
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Eloi Parladé
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Naroa Serna
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Esther Vazquez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Spain.
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12
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Yu J, Zhou B, Zhang S, Yin H, Sun L, Pu Y, Zhou B, Sun Y, Li X, Fang Y, Wang L, Zhao C, Du D, Zhang Y, Xu H. Design of a self-driven probiotic-CRISPR/Cas9 nanosystem for sono-immunometabolic cancer therapy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7903. [PMID: 36550159 PMCID: PMC9780327 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment is a promising strategy for improving tumor immunotherapy efficacy. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 system can be used to knockdown tumor immunosuppression-related genes. Therefore, here, a self-driven multifunctional delivery vector is constructed to efficiently deliver the CRISPR-Cas9 nanosystem for indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) knockdown in order to amplify immunogenic cell death (ICD) and then reverse tumor immunosuppression. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a self-driven safety probiotic that can penetrate the hypoxia tumor center, allowing efficient delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to the tumor region. While LGG efficiently colonizes the tumor area, it also stimulates the organism to activate the immune system. The CRISPR/Cas9 nanosystem can generate abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the ultrasound irradiation, resulting in ICD, while the produced ROS can induce endosomal/lysosomal rupture and then releasing Cas9/sgRNA to knock down the IDO1 gene to lift immunosuppression. The system generates immune responses that effectively attack tumor cells in mice, contributing to the inhibition of tumor re-challenge in vivo. In addition, this strategy provides an immunological memory effect which offers protection against lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifeng Yu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 P. R. China
| | - Bangguo Zhou
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China
| | - Shen Zhang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China
| | - Haohao Yin
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 P. R. China ,grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China
| | - Liping Sun
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China
| | - Yinying Pu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China
| | - Boyang Zhou
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 P. R. China
| | - Yikang Sun
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 P. R. China
| | - Yan Fang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China
| | - Lifan Wang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 P. R. China
| | - Chongke Zhao
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 P. R. China
| | - Dou Du
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China ,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai, 200072 P. R. China
| | - Huixiong Xu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 P. R. China
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13
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Wang L, Geng J, Chen L, Guo X, Wang T, Fang Y, Belingon B, Wu J, Li M, Zhan Y, Shang W, Wan Y, Feng X, Li X, Wang H. Improved transfer efficiency of supercharged 36 + GFP protein mediate nucleic acid delivery. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:386-398. [PMID: 35075948 PMCID: PMC8794074 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of nucleic acid therapeutics to treat diseases by targeting specific cells has resulted in its increasing number of uses in clinical settings. However, the major challenge is to deliver bio-macromolecules into target cells and/or subcellular locations of interest ahead in the development of delivery systems. Although, supercharged residues replaced protein 36 + GFP can facilitate itself and cargoes delivery, its efficiency is still limited. Therefore, we combined our recent progress to further improve 36 + GFP based delivery efficiency. We found that the penetration efficacy of 36 + GFP protein was significantly improved by fusion with CPP-Dot1l or treatment with penetration enhancer dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in vitro. After safely packaged with plasmid DNA, we found that the efficacy of in vitro and in vivo transfection mediated by 36 + GFP-Dot1l fusion protein is also significantly improved than 36 + GFP itself. Our findings illustrated that fusion with CPP-Dot1l or incubation with DMSO is an alternative way to synergically promote 36 + GFP mediated plasmid DNA delivery in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Jingping Geng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Affiliated Ren He Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xiangli Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Tao Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yanfen Fang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Hubei, China
| | - Bonn Belingon
- School of Medicine, Institute of Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiao Wu
- Affiliated Ren He Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Manman Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Ying Zhan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Wendou Shang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yingying Wan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xuemei Feng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xianghui Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
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14
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Ichikawa S, Flaxman HA, Xu W, Vallavoju N, Lloyd HC, Wang B, Shen D, Pratt MR, Woo CM. The E3 ligase adapter cereblon targets the C-terminal cyclic imide degron. Nature 2022; 610:775-782. [PMID: 36261529 PMCID: PMC10316063 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin E3 ligase substrate adapter cereblon (CRBN) is a target of thalidomide and lenalidomide1, therapeutic agents used in the treatment of haematopoietic malignancies2-4 and as ligands for targeted protein degradation5-7. These agents are proposed to mimic a naturally occurring degron; however, the structural motif recognized by the thalidomide-binding domain of CRBN remains unknown. Here we report that C-terminal cyclic imides, post-translational modifications that arise from intramolecular cyclization of glutamine or asparagine residues, are physiological degrons on substrates for CRBN. Dipeptides bearing the C-terminal cyclic imide degron substitute for thalidomide when embedded within bifunctional chemical degraders. Addition of the degron to the C terminus of proteins induces CRBN-dependent ubiquitination and degradation in vitro and in cells. C-terminal cyclic imides form adventitiously on physiologically relevant timescales throughout the human proteome to afford a degron that is endogenously recognized and removed by CRBN. The discovery of the C-terminal cyclic imide degron defines a regulatory process that may affect the physiological function and therapeutic engagement of CRBN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Ichikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hope A Flaxman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nandini Vallavoju
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hannah C Lloyd
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Binyou Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dacheng Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew R Pratt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christina M Woo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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15
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Frtús A, Smolková B, Uzhytchak M, Lunova M, Jirsa M, Henry SJW, Dejneka A, Stephanopoulos N, Lunov O. The interactions between DNA nanostructures and cells: A critical overview from a cell biology perspective. Acta Biomater 2022; 146:10-22. [PMID: 35523414 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology has yielded remarkable advances in composite materials with diverse applications in biomedicine. The specificity and predictability of building 3D structures at the nanometer scale make DNA nanotechnology a promising tool for uses in biosensing, drug delivery, cell modulation, and bioimaging. However, for successful translation of DNA nanostructures to real-world applications, it is crucial to understand how they interact with living cells, and the consequences of such interactions. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the interactions of DNA nanostructures with cells. We identify key challenges, from a cell biology perspective, that influence progress towards the clinical translation of DNA nanostructures. We close by providing an outlook on what questions must be addressed to accelerate the clinical translation of DNA nanostructures. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Self-assembled DNA nanostructures (DNs) offers unique opportunities to overcome persistent challenges in the nanobiotechnology field. However, the interactions between engineered DNs and living cells are still not well defined. Critical systematization of current cellular models and biological responses triggered by DNs is a crucial foundation for the successful clinical translation of DNA nanostructures. Moreover, such an analysis will identify the pitfalls and challenges that are present in the field, and provide a basis for overcoming those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Frtús
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Uzhytchak
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic; Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague, 14021, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague, 14021, Czech Republic
| | - Skylar J W Henry
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, United States; Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Nicholas Stephanopoulos
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, United States; Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States.
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 18221, Czech Republic.
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16
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Zhou M, Zou X, Cheng K, Zhong S, Su Y, Wu T, Tao Y, Cong L, Yan B, Jiang Y. The role of cell-penetrating peptides in potential anti-cancer therapy. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e822. [PMID: 35593206 PMCID: PMC9121317 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the complex physiological structure, microenvironment and multiple physiological barriers, traditional anti-cancer drugs are severely restricted from reaching the tumour site. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are typically made up of 5-30 amino acids, and can be utilised as molecular transporters to facilitate the passage of therapeutic drugs across physiological barriers. Up to now, CPPs have widely been used in many anti-cancer treatment strategies, serving as an excellent potential choice for oncology treatment. However, their drawbacks, such as the lack of cell specificity, short duration of action, poor stability in vivo, compatibility problems (i.e. immunogenicity), poor therapeutic efficacy and formation of unwanted metabolites, have limited their further application in cancer treatment. The cellular uptake mechanisms of CPPs involve mainly endocytosis and direct penetration, but still remain highly controversial in academia. The CPPs-based drug delivery strategy could be improved by clever design or chemical modifications to develop the next-generation CPPs with enhanced cell penetration capability, stability and selectivity. In addition, some recent advances in targeted cell penetration that involve CPPs provide some new ideas to optimise CPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Zou
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kexin Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Suye Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yangzhou Su
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Cong
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiqun Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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17
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Shinn J, Kwon N, Lee SA, Lee Y. Smart pH-responsive nanomedicines for disease therapy. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022; 52:427-441. [PMID: 35573320 PMCID: PMC9083479 DOI: 10.1007/s40005-022-00573-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Currently nanomedicines are the focus of attention from researchers and clinicians because of the successes of lipid-nanoparticles-based COVID-19 vaccines. Nanoparticles improve existing treatments by providing a number of advantages including protection of cargo molecules from external stresses, delivery of drugs to target tissues, and sustained drug release. To prevent premature release-related side effects, stable drug loading in nanoformulations is required, but the increased stability of the formulation could also lead to a poor drug-release profile at the target sites. Thus, researchers have exploited differences in a range of properties (e.g., enzyme levels, pH, levels of reduced glutathione, and reactive oxygen species) between non-target and target sites for site-specific release of drugs. Among these environmental stimuli, pH gradients have been widely used to design novel, responsive nanoparticles. Area covered In this review, we assess drug delivery based on pH-responsive nanoparticles at the levels of tissues (tumor microenvironment, pH ~ 6.5) and of intracellular compartments (endosome and lysosome, pH 4.5-6.5). Upon exposure to these pH stimuli, pH-responsive nanoparticles respond with physicochemical changes to their material structure and surface characteristics. These changes include swelling, dissociation, or surface charge switching, in a manner that favors drug release at the target site (the tumor microenvironment region and the cytosol followed by endosomal escape) rather than the surrounding tissues. Expert opinion Lastly, we consider the challenges involved in the development of pH-responsive nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongyoon Shinn
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
| | - Nuri Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
| | - Seon Ah Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
| | - Yonghyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 South Korea
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18
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Sun Y, Lau SY, Lim ZW, Chang SC, Ghadessy F, Partridge A, Miserez A. Phase-separating peptides for direct cytosolic delivery and redox-activated release of macromolecular therapeutics. Nat Chem 2022; 14:274-283. [PMID: 35115657 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00854-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biomacromolecules are highly promising therapeutic modalities to treat various diseases. However, they suffer from poor cellular membrane permeability, limiting their access to intracellular targets. Strategies to overcome this challenge often employ nanoscale carriers that can get trapped in endosomal compartments. Here we report conjugated peptides that form pH- and redox-responsive coacervate microdroplets by liquid-liquid phase separation that readily cross the cell membrane. A wide range of macromolecules can be quickly recruited within the microdroplets, including small peptides, enzymes as large as 430 kDa and messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The therapeutic-loaded coacervates bypass classical endocytic pathways to enter the cytosol, where they undergo glutathione-mediated release of payload, the bioactivity of which is retained in the cell, while mRNAs exhibit a high transfection efficiency. These peptide coacervates represent a promising platform for the intracellular delivery of a large palette of macromolecular therapeutics that have potential for treating various pathologies (for example, cancers and metabolic diseases) or as carriers for mRNA-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Biological and Biomimetic Material Laboratory (BBML), Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sze Yi Lau
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi Wei Lim
- Biological and Biomimetic Material Laboratory (BBML), Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Chieh Chang
- Translation Medicine Research Centre, MSD International, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Farid Ghadessy
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anthony Partridge
- Translation Medicine Research Centre, MSD International, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ali Miserez
- Biological and Biomimetic Material Laboratory (BBML), Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Singapore. .,School of Biological Sciences, NTU, Singapore, Singapore.
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19
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Lieser RM, Li Q, Chen W, Sullivan MO. Incorporation of Endosomolytic Peptides with Varying Disruption Mechanisms into EGFR-Targeted Protein Conjugates: The Effect on Intracellular Protein Delivery and EGFR Specificity in Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:661-673. [PMID: 35040326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of protein therapeutics remains a significant challenge limiting the majority of clinically available protein drugs to extracellular targets. Strategies to deliver proteins to subcellular compartments have traditionally relied on cell-penetrating peptides, which can drive enhanced internalization but exhibit unreliable activity and are rarely able to target specific cells, leading to off-target effects. Moreover, few design rules exist regarding the relative efficacy of various endosomal escape strategies in proteins. Accordingly, we developed a simple fusion modification approach to incorporate endosomolytic peptides onto epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted protein conjugates and performed a systematic comparison of the endosomal escape efficacy, mechanism of action, and capacity to maintain EGFR-targeting specificity of conjugates modified with four different endosomolytic sequences of varying modes of action (Aurein 1.2, GALA, HA2, and L17E). Use of the recently developed Gal8-YFP assay indicated that the fusion of each endosomolytic peptide led to enhanced endosomal disruption. Additionally, the incorporation of each endosomolytic peptide increased the half-life of the internalized protein and lowered lysosomal colocalization, further supporting the membrane-disruptive capacity. Despite this, only EGFR-targeted conjugates modified with Aurein 1.2 or GALA maintained EGFR specificity. These results thus demonstrated that the choice of endosomal escape moiety can substantially affect targeting capability, cytotoxicity, and bioactivity and provided important new insights into endosomolytic peptide selection for the design of targeted protein delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Lieser
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Qirun Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Wilfred Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Millicent O Sullivan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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20
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Zorko M, Jones S, Langel Ü. Cell-penetrating peptides in protein mimicry and cancer therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 180:114044. [PMID: 34774552 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research has been undertaken in the pursuit of anticancer therapeutics. Many anticancer drugs require specificity of delivery to cancer cells, whilst sparing healthy tissue. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), now well established as facilitators of intracellular delivery, have in recent years advanced to incorporate target specificity and thus possess great potential for the targeted delivery of anticancer cargoes. Though none have yet been approved for clinical use, this novel technology has already entered clinical trials. In this review we present CPPs, discuss their classification, mechanisms of cargo internalization and highlight strategies for conjugation to anticancer moieties including their incorporation into therapeutic proteins. As the mainstay of this review, strategies to build specificity into tumor targeting CPP constructs through exploitation of the tumor microenvironment and the use of tumor homing peptides are discussed, whilst acknowledging the extensive contribution made by CPP constructs to target specific protein-protein interactions integral to intracellular signaling pathways associated with tumor cell survival and progression. Finally, antibody/antigen CPP conjugates and their potential roles in cancer immunotherapy and diagnostics are considered. In summary, this review aims to harness the potential of CPP-aided drug delivery for future cancer therapies and diagnostics whilst highlighting some of the most recent achievements in selective delivery of anticancer drugs, including cytostatic drugs, to a range of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matjaž Zorko
- University of Ljubljana, Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sarah Jones
- University of Wolverhampton, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science & Engineering, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK.
| | - Ülo Langel
- University of Stockholm, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Svante Arrhenius väg 16, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, Estonia 50411, Estonia.
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21
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Abstract
In this introductory chapter, we first define cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), give short overview of CPP history and discuss several aspects of CPP classification. Next section is devoted to the mechanism of CPP penetration into the cells, where direct and endocytic internalization of CPP is explained. Kinetics of internalization is discussed more extensively, since this topic is not discussed in other chapters of this book. At the end of this section some features of the thermodynamics of CPP interaction with the membrane is also presented. Finally, we present different cargoes that can be transferred into the cells by CPPs and briefly discuss the effect of cargo on the rate and efficiency of penetration into the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matjaž Zorko
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Ülo Langel
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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22
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Thompson R, Jefferies J, Wang S, Pu WT, Takemoto C, Hornby B, Heyman A, Chin MT, Vernon HJ. Current and future treatment approaches for Barth syndrome. J Inherit Metab Dis 2022; 45:17-28. [PMID: 34713454 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Barth Syndrome is an X-linked disorder of mitochondrial cardiolipin metabolism caused by pathogenic variants in TAFAZZIN with pleiotropic effects including cardiomyopathy, neutropenia, growth delay, and skeletal myopathy. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach to the organ-specific manifestations including specialists from cardiology, hematology, nutrition, physical therapy, genetics, and metabolism. Currently, treatment is centered on management of specific clinical features, and is not targeted toward remediating the underlying biochemical defect. However, two clinical trials have been recently undertaken which target the mitochondrial pathology of this disease: a study to examine the effects of elamipretide, a cardiolipin targeted agent, and a study to examine the effects of bezafibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist. Treatments to directly target the defective TAFAZZIN pathway are under development, including enzyme and gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reid Thompson
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John Jefferies
- The Cardiovascular Institute, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Suya Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clifford Takemoto
- Division of Clinical Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Brittany Hornby
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea Heyman
- Department of Nutrition, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael T Chin
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hilary J Vernon
- Department of Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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23
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Brodyagin N, Kataoka Y, Kumpina I, McGee DW, Rozners E. Cellular uptake of 2-aminopyridine-modified peptide nucleic acids conjugated with cell-penetrating peptides. Biopolymers 2021; 113:e23484. [PMID: 34914092 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been extensively used to deliver peptide nucleic acid (PNA) in cells. We have previously found that replacement of cytosine in triplex-forming PNAs with 2-aminopyridine (M) not only enhanced RNA binding, but also improved cellular uptake of PNAs. In this study, we used confocal fluorescence microscopy to evaluate the ability of CPPs to further improve cellular uptake of M-modified PNAs. We found that PNAs conjugated with Tat and octa-arginine peptides were effectively taken up in MCF7 cells when supplied in cell media at 1 μM. Remarkably, M-modified PNA without any CPP conjugation also showed strong uptake when the concentration was increased to 5 μM. Majority of PNA conjugates remained localized in distinct cytoplasmic vesicles, as judged by dot-like fluorescence patterns. However, M-modified PNAs conjugated with Tat, octa-arginine, and even a simple tri-lysine peptide also showed dispersed fluorescence in cytoplasm and were taken up in nuclei where they localized in larger vesicles, most likely nucleoli. Endosomolytic peptides or chemicals (chloroquine and CaCl2 ) did not release the conjugates from cytosolic vesicles, which suggested that the PNAs were not entrapped in endosomes. We hypothesize that M-modified PNAs escape endosomes and accumulate in cellular compartments rich in RNA, such as nucleoli, stress granules, and P-bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Brodyagin
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Yuka Kataoka
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Ilze Kumpina
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Dennis W McGee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Eriks Rozners
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA
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24
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Horn JM, Obermeyer AC. Genetic and Covalent Protein Modification Strategies to Facilitate Intracellular Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4883-4904. [PMID: 34855385 PMCID: PMC9310055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Protein-based therapeutics represent a rapidly growing segment of approved disease treatments. Successful intracellular delivery of proteins is an important precondition for expanded in vivo and in vitro applications of protein therapeutics. Direct modification of proteins and peptides for improved cytosolic translocation are a promising method of increasing delivery efficiency and expanding the viability of intracellular protein therapeutics. In this Review, we present recent advances in both synthetic and genetic protein modifications for intracellular delivery. Active endocytosis-based and passive internalization pathways are discussed, followed by a review of modification methods for improved cytosolic delivery. After establishing how proteins can be modified, general strategies for facilitating intracellular delivery, such as chemical supercharging or inclusion of cell-penetrating motifs, are covered. We then outline protein modifications that promote endosomal escape. We finally examine the delivery of two potential classes of therapeutic proteins, antibodies and associated antibody fragments, and gene editing proteins, such as cas9.
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25
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Liu C, Xu X, Koivisto O, Zhou W, Jacquemet G, Rosenholm JM, Zhang H. Improving the knock-in efficiency of the MOF-encapsulated CRISPR/Cas9 system through controllable embedding structures. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16525-16532. [PMID: 34596650 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02872c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Appropriate tuning of robust artificial coatings can not only enhance intracellular delivery but also preserve the biological functions of genetic molecules in gene based therapies. Here, we report a strategy to synthesize controllable nanostructures in situ by encapsulating CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) via biomimetic mineralization. The structure-functionality relationship studies indicate that MOF-coated nanostructures dramatically impact the biological features of the contained plasmids through different embedding structures. The plasmids are homogeneously distributed within the heterogeneous nanoarchitecture and protected from enzymatic degradation. In addition, the plasmid-MOF structure exhibits excellent loading capability, pH-responsive release, and affinity for plasmid binding. Through in vitro assays it was found that the superior MOF vector can greatly enhance cellular endocytosis and endo/lysosomal escape of sheltered plasmids, resulting in successful knock-in of GFP-tagged paxillin genomic sequences in cancer cell lines with high transfection potency compared to our previous studies. Thus, the development of new cost-effective approaches for MOF-based intracellular delivery systems offers an attractive option for overcoming the physiological barriers to CRISPR/Cas9 delivery, which shows great potential for investigating paxillin-associated focal adhesions and signal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland.
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland.
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Oliver Koivisto
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland.
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland.
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Guillaume Jacquemet
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell biology, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioimaging, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jessica M Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland.
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland.
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
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26
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Smolková B, MacCulloch T, Rockwood TF, Liu M, Henry SJW, Frtús A, Uzhytchak M, Lunova M, Hof M, Jurkiewicz P, Dejneka A, Stephanopoulos N, Lunov O. Protein Corona Inhibits Endosomal Escape of Functionalized DNA Nanostructures in Living Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:46375-46390. [PMID: 34569777 PMCID: PMC9590277 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanostructures (DNs) can be designed in a controlled and programmable manner, and these structures are increasingly used in a variety of biomedical applications, such as the delivery of therapeutic agents. When exposed to biological liquids, most nanomaterials become covered by a protein corona, which in turn modulates their cellular uptake and the biological response they elicit. However, the interplay between living cells and designed DNs are still not well established. Namely, there are very limited studies that assess protein corona impact on DN biological activity. Here, we analyzed the uptake of functionalized DNs in three distinct hepatic cell lines. Our analysis indicates that cellular uptake is linearly dependent on the cell size. Further, we show that the protein corona determines the endolysosomal vesicle escape efficiency of DNs coated with an endosome escape peptide. Our study offers an important basis for future optimization of DNs as delivery systems for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Smolková
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Tara MacCulloch
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Tyler F Rockwood
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Minghui Liu
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Skylar J W Henry
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Adam Frtús
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Uzhytchak
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague 14021, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hof
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18223, Czech Republic
| | - Piotr Jurkiewicz
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18223, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Nicholas Stephanopoulos
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
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27
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Zhang S, Lv J, Gao P, Feng Q, Wang H, Cheng Y. A pH-Responsive Phase-Transition Polymer with High Serum Stability in Cytosolic Protein Delivery. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:7855-7861. [PMID: 34478313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-mediated intracellular protein delivery systems are important for the development of protein-based biotechnologies and therapeutics. However, intracellular delivery of cargo proteins in the presence of serum remains challenging due to competitive binding of serum proteins with the polymers. Here, we reported a dendrimer engineered with a high density of 4-diethylaminophenyl groups on the surface to address this issue. The dendrimer showed a pH-responsive phase-transition behavior and could assemble with cargo proteins into stable nanoparticles in serum solutions. It efficiently delivered cargo proteins into living cells, and exhibited a pH-responsive disassembly behavior after cell internalization. As a result, various cargo proteins were delivered into the cytosol of living cells with maintained bioactivity. This study provided a convenient and efficient strategy to design polymers with high serum-tolerance in cytosolic protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Jia Lv
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Peng Gao
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Qiuyu Feng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P.R. China
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28
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Sakamoto K, Michibata J, Hirai Y, Ide A, Ikitoh A, Takatani-Nakase T, Futaki S. Potentiating the Membrane Interaction of an Attenuated Cationic Amphiphilic Lytic Peptide for Intracellular Protein Delivery by Anchoring with Pyrene Moiety. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:950-957. [PMID: 33861579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported an approach for intracellular protein delivery by attenuating membrane-lytic activity of cationic amphiphilic peptides on cell surfaces. HAad is one such peptides that cytosolically delivers proteins of interest, including antibodies, by stimulating their endosomal escape. Additionally, HAad elicits ruffling of cell membrane, accompanied by transient membrane permeabilization, allowing for the efficient cytosolic translocation of proteins. In this study, we prepared a conjugate of HAad with pyrenebutyric acid as a membrane-anchoring unit (pBu-HAad). pBu-HAad demonstrated protein delivery into cells with only 1/20 concentration of HAad. However, the conjugates with cholesteryl hemisuccinate and aliphatic fatty acids (C = 3, 6, and 10) did not yield such marked effects. The results of time-course and inhibitor studies suggest that the membrane anchoring of HAad by a pyrene moiety leads to enhanced peptide-membrane interaction and to loosen lipid packing, thus facilitating cytosolic translocation through membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentarou Sakamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Junya Michibata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hirai
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Akiko Ide
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Asuka Ikitoh
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | | | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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29
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Sánchez-Navarro M. Advances in peptide-mediated cytosolic delivery of proteins. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:187-198. [PMID: 33561452 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The number of protein-based drugs is exponentially increasing. However, development of protein therapeutics against intracellular targets is hampered by the lack of efficient cytosolic delivery strategies. In recent years, the use of cell-penetrating peptides has been proposed as a strategy to promote protein internalization. In this article, we provide the reader with a succinct update on the strategies exploited to enable peptide-mediated cytosolic delivery of proteins. First, we analyse the various methods available for delivery. We then describe the most popular and the in vitro assays designed to assess the intracellular distribution of protein cargo.
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30
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Gao X, Xue Y, Zhu Z, Chen J, Liu Y, Cheng X, Zhang X, Wang J, Pei X, Wan Q. Nanoscale Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Activator of Canonical MAPK Signaling for Bone Repair. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:97-111. [PMID: 33354968 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) is an important type of metal organic framework and has found numerous applications in the biomedical field. Our previous studies have demonstrated that nano ZIF-8-based titanium implants could promote osseointegration; however, its osteogenic capacity and the related mechanisms in bone regeneration have not been fully clarified. Presented here is a nanoscale ZIF-8 that could drive rat bone mesenchymal stem cell (rBMSC) differentiation into osteoblasts both in vitro and in vivo, and interestingly, nano ZIF-8 exhibited a better osteogenic effect compared with ionic conditions of Zn at the same concentration of Zn2+. Moreover, the cellular uptake mechanisms of the nanoparticles were thoroughly clarified. Specifically, nano ZIF-8 could enter the rBMSC cytoplasm probably via caveolae-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis. The intracellular and extracellular Zn2+ released from nano ZIF-8 and the receptors involved in the endocytosis may play a role in inducing activation of key osteogenic pathways. Furthermore, through transcriptome sequencing, multiple osteogenic pathways were found to be upregulated, among which nano ZIF-8 primarily phosphorylated ERK, thus activating the canonical mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and promoting the osteogenesis of rBMSCs. Taken together, this study helps to elucidate the mechanism by which nano ZIF-8 regulates osteogenesis and suggests it to be a potential biomaterial for constructing multifunctional composites in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yiyuan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Junyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xinting Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xibo Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Qianbing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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31
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Li J, Røise JJ, He M, Das R, Murthy N. Non-viral strategies for delivering genome editing enzymes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 168:99-117. [PMID: 32931860 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Genome-editing tools such as Cre recombinase (Cre), zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and most recently the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein system have revolutionized biomedical research, agriculture, microbial engineering, and therapeutic development. Direct delivery of genome editing enzymes, as opposed to their corresponding DNA and mRNA precursors, is advantageous since they do not require transcription and/or translation. In addition, prolonged overexpression is a problem when delivering viral vector or plasmid DNA which is bypassed when delivering whole proteins. This lowers the risk of insertional mutagenesis and makes for relatively easier manufacturing. However, a major limitation of utilizing genome editing proteins in vivo is their low delivery efficiency, and currently the most successful strategy involves using potentially immunogenic viral vectors. This lack of safe and effective non-viral delivery systems is still a big hurdle for the clinical translation of such enzymes. This review discusses the challenges of non-viral delivery strategies of widely used genome editing enzymes, including Cre recombinase, ZFNs and TALENs, CRISPR/Cas9, and Cas12a (Cpf1) in their protein format and highlights recent innovations of non-viral delivery strategies which have the potential to overcome current delivery limitations and advance the clinical translation of genome editing.
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Han Z, Lian C, Ma Y, Zhang C, Liu Z, Tu Y, Ma Y, Gu Y. A frog-derived bionic peptide with discriminative inhibition of tumors based on integrin αvβ3 identification. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:5920-5930. [PMID: 32959810 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01187h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aureins, natural active peptides extracted from skin secretions of Australian bell frogs, have become a research focus due to the antitumor effects caused by lysing cell membranes. However, clinical translation of Aureins is still limited by non-selective toxicity between normal and cancer cells. Herein, by structure-activity relationship analysis and rational linker design, a dual-function fusion peptide RA3 is designed by tactically fusing Aurein peptide A1 with strong anticancer activity, with a tri-peptide with integrin αvβ3-binding ability which was screened in our previous work. Rational design and selection of fusion linkers ensures α-helical conformation and active functions of this novel fusion peptide, inducing effective membrane rupture and selective apoptosis of cancer cells. The integrin binding and tumor recognition ability of the fusion peptide is further validated by fluorescence imaging in cell and mouse models, in comparison with the non-selective A1 peptide. Meanwhile, increased stability and superior therapeutic efficacy are achieved in vivo for the RA3 fusion peptide. Our study highlights that aided by computational simulation technologies, the biomimetic fusion RA3 peptide has been successfully designed, surmounting the poor tumor-selectivity of the natural defensive peptide, serving as a promising therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biomedicine Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, 210009, China.
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Lieser RM, Yur D, Sullivan MO, Chen W. Site-Specific Bioconjugation Approaches for Enhanced Delivery of Protein Therapeutics and Protein Drug Carriers. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2272-2282. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M. Lieser
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
| | - Daniel Yur
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
| | - Millicent O. Sullivan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
| | - Wilfred Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
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Sakamoto K, Akishiba M, Iwata T, Murata K, Mizuno S, Kawano K, Imanishi M, Sugiyama F, Futaki S. Optimizing Charge Switching in Membrane Lytic Peptides for Endosomal Release of Biomacromolecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kentarou Sakamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Misao Akishiba
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwata
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Kazuya Murata
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center Transborder Medical Research Center Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8575 Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center Transborder Medical Research Center Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8575 Japan
| | - Kenichi Kawano
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Miki Imanishi
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center Transborder Medical Research Center Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8575 Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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36
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Sakamoto K, Akishiba M, Iwata T, Murata K, Mizuno S, Kawano K, Imanishi M, Sugiyama F, Futaki S. Optimizing Charge Switching in Membrane Lytic Peptides for Endosomal Release of Biomacromolecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19990-19998. [PMID: 32557993 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Endocytic pathways are practical routes for the intracellular delivery of biomacromolecules. Along with this, effective strategies for endosomal cargo release into the cytosol are desired to achieve successful delivery. Focusing on compositional differences between the cell and endosomal membranes and the pH decrease within endosomes, we designed the lipid-sensitive and pH-responsive endosome-lytic peptide HAad. This peptide contains aminoadipic acid (Aad) residues, which serve as a safety catch for preferential permeabilization of endosomal membranes over cell membranes, and His-to-Ala substitutions enhance the endosomolytic activity. The ability of HAad to destabilize endosomal membranes was supported by model studies using large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) and by increased intracellular delivery of biomacromolecules (including antibodies) into live cells. Cerebral ventricle injection of Cre recombinase with HAad led to Cre/loxP recombination in a mouse model, thus demonstrating potential applicability of HAad in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentarou Sakamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Misao Akishiba
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kazuya Murata
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kawano
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Miki Imanishi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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Ding L, Lin X, Lin Z, Wu Y, Liu X, Liu J, Wu M, Zhang X, Zeng Y. Cancer Cell-Targeted Photosensitizer and Therapeutic Protein Co-Delivery Nanoplatform Based on a Metal-Organic Framework for Enhanced Synergistic Photodynamic and Protein Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:36906-36916. [PMID: 32706242 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and cancer cell-targeted delivery of photosensitizer (PS) and therapeutic protein has great potentiality for improving the anticancer effects. Herein, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles, one of the most attractive metal-organic framework materials, were used for coencapsulating the chlorin e6 (Ce6, a potent PS) and cytochrome c (Cyt c, a protein apoptosis inducer); then the nanoparticle was subsequently decorated with the hyaluronic acid (HA) shell to form cancer cell-active targeted nanoplatform (Ce6/Cyt c@ZIF-8/HA). The in vitro and in vivo experiments show the cancer cell targeting capability and pH-responsive decomposition and the release behavior of Ce6/Cyt c@ZIF-8/HA. Upon light irradiation, the released Ce6 produced cytotoxic reactive oxygen species for photodynamic therapy. Meanwhile, the released Cyt c-induced programmed cell death for protein therapy. Furthermore, the Cyt c worked normally under hypoxia conditions and could decompose H2O2 to O2 (with peroxidase-/catalase-like activity), resulting in synergistically improved therapeutic efficiency. These small molecules and protein codelivery nanoplatforms would promote the development of complementary and synergetic modes for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ding
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, P. R. China
| | - Ziguo Lin
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Yanni Wu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, P. R. China
| | - Ming Wu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yongyi Zeng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, P. R. China
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38
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Zhang K, Cheng X, Zhao L, Huang M, Tao Y, Zhang H, Rosenholm JM, Zhuang M, Chen ZY, Chen B, Shu Y. Direct Functional Protein Delivery with a Peptide into Neonatal and Adult Mammalian Inner Ear In Vivo. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 18:511-519. [PMID: 32953927 PMCID: PMC7477795 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to study an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), aurein 1.2, which substantially increased protein delivery directly into multiple mammalian inner-ear cell types in vivo. Different concentrations of aurein 1.2 with superpositively charged GFP (+36 GFP) protein fused with Cre recombinase were delivered to postnatal day 1-2 (P1-2) and adult cochleae of Cre reporter transgenic mice with various delivery methods. By cochleostomy at different concentrations of aurein 1.2-+36 GFP (1 μM, 5 μM, 22.5 μM, and 50 μM, respectively), the tdTomato (tdT) expression was observed in outer hair cells (OHCs; 20.77%, 23.02%, 76.36%, and 92.47%, respectively) and inner hair cells (IHCs; 14.90%, 44.50%, 89.59%, and 96.13%, respectively) in the cochlea. The optimal concentration was 22.5 μM with the highest transfection efficiency and the lowest cytotoxicity. Wide-spread tdT signals were detected in the cochlear-supporting cells, utricular-supporting cells, auditory nerve, and spiral ligament in neonatal and adult mice. Compared to cochleostomy, injection through the round window membrane (RWM) also produced highly efficient tdT+ labeled cells with less cell loss. In summary, the peptide aurein 1.2 fused with +36 GFP dramatically expanded the target cells with increased efficiency in direct protein delivery in the inner ear. Aurein 1.2-+36 GFP has the potential to be developed as protein-based therapy in regeneration and genome editing in the mammalian inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaoting Cheng
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Mingqian Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translation Medicine on Ear and Nose Disease, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory and Turku Bioscience Center, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jessica M Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory and Turku Bioscience Center, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Min Zhuang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Bing Chen
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yilai Shu
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
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39
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Knox SL, Steinauer A, Alpha-Cobb G, Trexler A, Rhoades E, Schepartz A. Quantification of protein delivery in live cells using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Methods Enzymol 2020; 641:477-505. [PMID: 32713536 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is a quantitative single-molecule method that measures the concentration and rate of diffusion of fluorophore-tagged molecules, both large and small, in vitro and within live cells, and even within discrete cellular compartments. FCS is exceptionally well-suited to directly quantify the efficiency of intracellular protein delivery-specifically, how well different "cell-penetrating" proteins and peptides guide proteinaceous materials into the cytosol and nuclei of live mammalian cells. This article provides an overview of the procedures necessary to execute robust FCS experiments and evaluate endosomal escape efficiencies: preparation of fluorophore-tagged proteins, incubation with mammalian cells and preparation of FCS samples, setup and execution of an FCS experiment, and a detailed discussion of and custom MATLAB® script for analyzing the resulting autocorrelation curves in the context of appropriate diffusion models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L Knox
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Angela Steinauer
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Garrett Alpha-Cobb
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Adam Trexler
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Elizabeth Rhoades
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alanna Schepartz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States.
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40
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Kimura S, Imamura K, Futami J. A suitable and effective stepwise oxidative refolding procedure for highly-cationic tetrameric avidin in nucleic acid free conditions. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e3031. [PMID: 32463160 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Optimized conditions are needed to refold recombinant proteins from bacterial inclusion bodies into their biologically active conformations. In this study, we found two crucial requirements for efficient refolding of cationic tetrameric chicken avidin. The first step is to eliminate nucleic acid contaminants from the bacterial inclusion body. The electrostatic interactions between the remaining nucleic acids and proteins strongly enhanced protein aggregation during the refolding process. The cysteine specific reversible S-cationization procedure was successfully employed for large-scale preparation of nucleic acid free denatured protein without purification tag system. The second step is the intramolecular disulfide formation prior to refolding in dialysis removing denaturant. Disulfide intact monomeric avidin showed efficient formation of biologically active tetrameric conformation during the refolding process. Using this optimized refolding procedure, highly cationic avidin derivative designed as an intracellular delivery carrier of biotinylated protein was successfully prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichiro Kimura
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koreyoshi Imamura
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Junichiro Futami
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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41
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Nadal‐Bufí F, Henriques ST. How to overcome endosomal entrapment of cell‐penetrating peptides to release the therapeutic potential of peptides? Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Nadal‐Bufí
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology Translational Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Sónia Troeira Henriques
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology Translational Research Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia
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42
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Feng S, Zhang X, Shi D, Wang Z. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) for drug delivery: A critical review. Front Chem Sci Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-020-1927-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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43
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Migoń D, Jaśkiewicz M, Neubauer D, Bauer M, Sikorska E, Kamysz E, Kamysz W. Alanine Scanning Studies of the Antimicrobial Peptide Aurein 1.2. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 11:1042-1054. [PMID: 30569430 PMCID: PMC6695355 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-018-9501-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are compounds widely distributed in nature that display activity against a broad spectrum of pathogens. Amphibian skin, as an organ rich in pharmacologically active peptides, appears to be an interesting source of novel AMPs. Aurein 1.2 (GLFDIIKKIAESF-NH2) is a short 13-residue antimicrobial peptide primarily isolated from the skin secretions of Australian bell frogs. In this study, the alanine scan of aurein 1.2 was performed to investigate the effect of each amino acid residue on its biological and physico-chemical properties. The biological studies included determination of minimum inhibitory concentration, activity against biofilm, and inhibitory effect on its formation. Moreover, the hemolytic activity as well as serum stability was determined. The hydrophobicity of peptides and their self-assembly were investigated using reversed-phase chromatography. In addition, their helicity was calculated from circular dichroism spectra. The results not only provided information on structure-activity relationship of aurein 1.2 but also gave insights into design of novel analogs of AMPs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Migoń
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland. .,Polpharma Biologics, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Maciej Jaśkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Damian Neubauer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Bauer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | | | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
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Zhu X, Tang R, Wang S, Chen X, Hu J, Lei C, Huang Y, Wang H, Nie Z, Yao S. Protein@Inorganic Nanodumpling System for High-Loading Protein Delivery with Activatable Fluorescence and Magnetic Resonance Bimodal Imaging Capabilities. ACS NANO 2020; 14:2172-2182. [PMID: 31990525 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Efficient protein delivery into the target cell is highly desirable for protein therapeutics. Current approaches for protein delivery commonly suffer from low-loading protein capacity, poor specificity for target cells, and invisible protein release. Herein, we report a protein@inorganic nanodumpling (ND) system as an intracellular protein delivery platform. Similar to a traditional Chinese food, the dumpling, ND consists of a protein complex "filling" formed by metal-ion-directed self-assembly of protein cargos fused to histidine-rich green fluorescent proteins (H39GFPs), which are further encapsulated by an external surface "wrapper" of manganese dioxide (MnO2) via in situ biomineralization. This ND structure allows for a high loading capacity (>63 wt %) for protein cargos with enhanced stability. NDs can be targeted and internalized into cancer cells specifically through folic acid receptors by surface-tailored folic acid. The protein cargo release is in a bistimuli-responsive manner, triggered by an either reductive or acidic intracellular microenvironment. Moreover, the MnO2 nanowrapper is an efficient fluorescence quencher for inner fused GFPs and also a "switch-on" magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agent via triggered release of Mn2+ ions, which enables activatable fluorescence/MRI bimodal imaging of protein release. Finally, the ND is highly potent and specific to deliver functional protein ribonuclease A (RNase A) into cultured target cells and the tumor site in a xenografted mouse model, eliminating the tumor cells with high therapeutic efficacy. Our approach provides a promising alternative to advance protein-based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan Normal University , Changsha 410081 , P. R. China
| | - Rui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Shigong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Hu
- College of Biology , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Honghui Wang
- College of Biology , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Zhou Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Shouzhuo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
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45
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Boyken SE, Benhaim MA, Busch F, Jia M, Bick MJ, Choi H, Klima JC, Chen Z, Walkey C, Mileant A, Sahasrabuddhe A, Wei KY, Hodge EA, Byron S, Quijano-Rubio A, Sankaran B, King NP, Lippincott-Schwartz J, Wysocki VH, Lee KK, Baker D. De novo design of tunable, pH-driven conformational changes. Science 2019; 364:658-664. [PMID: 31097662 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav7897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The ability of naturally occurring proteins to change conformation in response to environmental changes is critical to biological function. Although there have been advances in the de novo design of stable proteins with a single, deep free-energy minimum, the design of conformational switches remains challenging. We present a general strategy to design pH-responsive protein conformational changes by precisely preorganizing histidine residues in buried hydrogen-bond networks. We design homotrimers and heterodimers that are stable above pH 6.5 but undergo cooperative, large-scale conformational changes when the pH is lowered and electrostatic and steric repulsion builds up as the network histidine residues become protonated. The transition pH and cooperativity can be controlled through the number of histidine-containing networks and the strength of the surrounding hydrophobic interactions. Upon disassembly, the designed proteins disrupt lipid membranes both in vitro and after being endocytosed in mammalian cells. Our results demonstrate that environmentally triggered conformational changes can now be programmed by de novo protein design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Boyken
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Mark A Benhaim
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Florian Busch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mengxuan Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Matthew J Bick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Heejun Choi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Jason C Klima
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Zibo Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Graduate Program in Biological Physics, Structure, and Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carl Walkey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alexander Mileant
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Graduate Program in Biological Physics, Structure, and Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aniruddha Sahasrabuddhe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kathy Y Wei
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Edgar A Hodge
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sarah Byron
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alfredo Quijano-Rubio
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Banumathi Sankaran
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Vicki H Wysocki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kelly K Lee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Graduate Program in Biological Physics, Structure, and Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. .,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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46
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Li FY, Zhang ZF, Voss S, Wu YW, Zhao YF, Li YM, Chen YX. Inhibition of K-Ras4B-plasma membrane association with a membrane microdomain-targeting peptide. Chem Sci 2019; 11:826-832. [PMID: 34123058 PMCID: PMC8145430 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04726c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of K-Ras4B protein with plasma membrane (PM) is required for its signaling activity. Thus, direct inhibition of K-Ras4B–PM interaction could be a potential anti-Ras therapeutic strategy. However, it remains challenging to modulate such protein–PM interaction. Based on Ras isoform-specific PM microdomain localization patterns, we have developed a potent and isoform-selective peptide inhibitor, Memrasin, for detachment of K-Ras4B from the PM. Memrasin is one of the first direct inhibitors of K-Ras4B–PM interaction, and consists of a membrane ld region-binding sequence derived from the C-terminal region of K-Ras4B and an endosome-escape enhancing motif that can aggregate on membrane. It forms peptide-enriched domains in the ld region, abrogates the tethering of K-Ras4B to the PM and accordingly impairs Ras signaling activity, thereby efficiently decreasing the viability of several human lung cancer cells in a dose-responsive and K-Ras dependent manner. Memrasin provides a useful tool for exploring the biological function of K-Ras4B on or off the PM and a potential starting point for further development into anti-Ras therapeutics. A membrane ld microdomain-targeting hybrid peptide displays potent inhibition effect toward K-Ras4B-plasma membrane interaction and impairs Ras signaling output.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zhen-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 100101 China
| | - Stephanie Voss
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society Otto-Hahn-Str. 15 44227 Dortmund Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Yao-Wen Wu
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society Otto-Hahn-Str. 15 44227 Dortmund Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Umeå University 90187 Umeå Sweden
| | - Yu-Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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47
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Qin X, Yu C, Wei J, Li L, Zhang C, Wu Q, Liu J, Yao SQ, Huang W. Rational Design of Nanocarriers for Intracellular Protein Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902791. [PMID: 31496027 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein/antibody therapeutics have exhibited the advantages of high specificity and activity even at an extremely low concentration compared to small molecule drugs. However, they are accompanied by unfavorable physicochemical properties such as fragile tertiary structure, large molecular size, and poor penetration of the membrane, and thus the clinical use of protein drugs is hindered by inefficient delivery of proteins into the host cells. To overcome the challenges associated with protein therapeutics and enhance their biopharmaceutical applications, various protein-loaded nanocarriers with desired functions, such as lipid nanocapsules, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, and peptides, are developed. In this review, the different strategies for intracellular delivery of proteins are comprehensively summarized. Their designed routes, mechanisms of action, and potential therapeutics in live cells or in vivo are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the perspective on the new generation of delivery systems toward the emerging area of protein-based therapeutics is presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Changmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
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48
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Lv J, Fan Q, Wang H, Cheng Y. Polymers for cytosolic protein delivery. Biomaterials 2019; 218:119358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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49
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Gu H, Ghosh S, Staples RJ, Bane SL. β-Hydroxy-Stabilized Boron-Nitrogen Heterocycles Enable Rapid and Efficient C-Terminal Protein Modification. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2604-2613. [PMID: 31483610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal chemistry has enabled the development of bioconjugates in physiological environments while averting interference from endogenous biomolecules. Reactions between carbonyl-containing molecules and alkoxyamines or hydrazines have experienced a resurgence in popularity in bioorthogonal chemistry owing to advances that allow the reactions to occur under physiological conditions. In particular, ortho-carbonyl-substituted phenylboronic acids (CO-PBAs) exhibit greatly accelerated rates of hydrazone and oxime formation via intramolecular Lewis acid catalysis. Unfortunately, the rate of the reverse reaction is also increased, yielding a kinetically less stable bioconjugate. When the substrate is a hydrazine derivative, an intramolecular reaction between the boronic acid and the hydrazone can lead to the formation of a heterocycle containing a boron-nitrogen bond. We have shown previously that α-amino hydrazides undergo rapid reaction with CO-PBAs to form highly stable, tricyclic products, and that this reaction is orthogonal to the popular azide-alkyne and tetrazine-alkene reactions. In this work, we explore a series of heteroatom-substituted hydrazides for their ability to form tricyclic products with two CO-PBAs, 2-formylphenylboronic acid (2fPBA), and 2-acetylphenylboronic acid (AcPBA). In particular, highly stable products were formed using β-hydroxy hydrazides and 2fPBA. C-Terminal β-hydroxy hydrazide proteins are available using conventional biochemical methods, which alleviates one of the difficulties with applications of bioorthogonal chemical reactions: site-specific incorporation of a reactive group into the biomolecular target. Using sortase-mediated ligation (SML), C-terminal threonine and serine hydrazides were appended to a model eGFP protein in high yield. Subsequent labeling with 2fPBA functionalized probes could be performed quickly and quantitatively at neutral pH using micromolar concentrations of reactants. The SML process was applied directly to an expressed protein in cellular extract, and the C-terminal modified target protein was selectively immobilized using 2fPBA-agarose. Elution from the agarose yielded a highly pure protein that retained the hydrazide functionality. This strategy should be generally applicable for rapid, efficient site-specific protein labeling, protein immobilization, and preparation of highly pure functionalized proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gu
- Department of Chemistry , Binghamton University, State University of New York , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Saptarshi Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry , Binghamton University, State University of New York , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Richard J Staples
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48824 , United States
| | - Susan L Bane
- Department of Chemistry , Binghamton University, State University of New York , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
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50
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Lim WQ, Phua SZF, Zhao Y. Redox-Responsive Polymeric Nanocomplex for Delivery of Cytotoxic Protein and Chemotherapeutics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:31638-31648. [PMID: 31389684 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Responsive delivery of anticancer proteins into cells is an emerging field in biological therapeutics. Currently, the delivery of proteins is highly compromised by multiple successive physiological barriers that reduce the therapeutic efficacy. Hence, there is a need to design a robust and sustainable nanocarrier to provide suitable protection of proteins and overcome the physiological barriers for better cellular accumulation. In this work, polyethylenimine (PEI) cross-linked by oxaliplatin(IV) prodrug (oxliPt(IV)) was used to fabricate a redox-responsive nanocomplex (PEI-oxliPt(IV)@RNBC/GOD) for the delivery of a reactive oxygen species-cleavable, reversibly caged RNase A protein (i.e., RNase A nitrophenylboronic conjugate, RNBC) and glucose oxidase (GOD) in order to realize efficient cancer treatment. The generation of hydrogen peroxide by GOD can uncage and restore the enzymatic activity of RNBC. On account of the responsiveness of the nanocomplex to highly reducing cellular environment, it would dissociate and release the protein and active oxaliplatin drug, causing cell death by both catalyzing RNA degradation and inhibiting DNA synthesis. As assessed by the RNA degradation assay, the activity of the encapsulated RNBC was recovered by the catalytic production of hydrogen peroxide from GOD and glucose substrate overexpressed in cancer cells. Monitoring of the changes in nanoparticle size confirmed that the nanocomplex could dissociate in the reducing environment, with the release of active oxaliplatin drug and protein. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry analysis revealed highly efficient accumulation of the nanocomplex as compared to free native proteins. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments using 4T1 cancer cells showed ∼80% cell killing efficacy, with highly efficient apoptosis induction. Assisted by the cationic polymeric carrier, it was evident from CLSM images that intracellular delivery of the therapeutic protein significantly depleted the RNA level. Thus, this work provides a promising platform for the delivery of therapeutic proteins and chemotherapeutic drugs for efficient cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qi Lim
- NTU-Northwestern Institute for Nanomedicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive , 637553 , Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Soo Zeng Fiona Phua
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
| | - Yanli Zhao
- NTU-Northwestern Institute for Nanomedicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive , 637553 , Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , 637371 , Singapore
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