1
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Wang SC, Ma J, Wang X, Xie RC, Wang W. Imaging Single Prussian Blue Nanoparticles with Extraordinary Low-Spin Iron Capacity. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39090997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
In attempts to obtain high-capacity Prussian blue nanomaterials, current efforts are predominantly focused on the particle-ensemble-level understanding of their structure-activity relationships. Complementarily, it would be insightful to screen out extraordinary individuals from the nanoparticle population. Using a simple and efficient technique of bright-field microscopy, this work enables, for the first time, quantitative characterization of the overall two-redox-center electrochemistry of single Prussian blue nanoparticles many at a time. Quantitative optical voltammograms with little interference from solvent breakdown and non-Faradaic electrode charging/discharging are extracted for each single nanoparticle, revealing clear heterogeneity among them. On this basis, the microscopic method allows a detailed comparative analysis between the two redox-active sites. It is found that while the synthesized nanoparticles show a similar specific capacity of the high-spin (HS-Fe) sites with STD/mean = 30%, most individual nanoparticles exhibit monodispersedly small capacities of the low-spin iron (LS-Fe) sites, only about 1 7 ± 1 of the HS-Fe capacity. Most importantly, it is discovered that there is always a small fraction (∼8%) of the single nanoparticles showing an impressively tripled LS-Fe capacity. Facilitated by optical imaging, the discovery of this easily overlooked extraordinary subpopulation confers alternative opportunities for targeted efforts for material chemists to improve synthesis and material design based on these unusual individuals, which in turn implies the general significance of nanoparticle screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (Chem BIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University. Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (Chem BIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University. Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (Chem BIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University. Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ruo-Chen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (Chem BIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University. Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (Chem BIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University. Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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2
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Kowal MD, Seifried TM, Brouwer CC, Tavakolizadeh H, Olsén E, Grant E. Electrophoretic Deposition Interferometric Scattering Mass Photometry. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10388-10396. [PMID: 38567867 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Interferometric scattering microscopy (iSCAT) has rapidly developed as a quantitative tool for the label-free detection of single macromolecules and nanoparticles. In practice, this measurement records the interferometric scattering signal of individual nanoparticles in solution as they land and stick on a coverslip, exhibiting an intensity that varies linearly with particle volume and an adsorption rate that reflects the solution-phase transport kinetics of the system. Together, such measurements provide a multidimensional gauge of the particle size and concentration in solution over time. However, the landing kinetics of particles in solution also manifest a measurement frequency limitation imposed by the slow long-range mobility of particle diffusion to the measurement interface. Here we introduce an effective means to overcome the inherent diffusion-controlled sampling limitation of spontaneous mass photometry. We term this methodology electrophoretic deposition interferometric scattering microscopy (EPD-iSCAT). This approach uses a coverslip supporting a conductive thin film of indium tin oxide (ITO). Charging this ITO film to a potential of around +1 V electrophoretically draws charged nanoparticles from solution and binds them in the focal plane of the microscope. Regulating this potential offers a direct means of controlling particle deposition. Thus, we find for a 0.1 nM solution of 50 nm polystyrene nanoparticles that the application of +1 V to an EPD-iSCAT coverslip assembly drives an electrophoretic deposition rate constant of 1.7 s-1 μm-2 nM-1. Removal of the potential causes deposition to cease. This user control of EPD-iSCAT affords a means to apply single-molecule mass photometry to monitor long-term changes in solution, owing to slow kinetic processes. In contrast with conventional coverslips chemically derivatized with charged thin films, EPD-iSCAT maintains a deposition rate that varies linearly with the bulk concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Kowal
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Teresa M Seifried
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Carraugh C Brouwer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hooman Tavakolizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Erik Olsén
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Edward Grant
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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3
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Xie RC, Gao J, Wang SC, Li H, Wang W. Optically Imaging In Situ Effects of Electrochemical Cycling on Single Nanoparticle Electrocatalysis. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38285921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Single-nanoparticle studies often need one or a series of nanoparticle populations that are designed with differences in a nominally particular structural parameter to clarify the structure-activity relationship (SAR). However, the heterogeneity of various properties within any population would make it rather difficult to approach an ideal one-parameter control. In situ modification ensures the same nanoparticle to be investigated and also avoids complicating effects from the otherwise often needed ex situ operations. Herein, we apply electrochemical cycling to single platinum nanoparticles and optically examine their SAR. An electrocatalytic fluorescent microscopic method is established to evaluate the apparent catalytic activity of a number of single nanoparticles toward the oxygen reduction reaction. Meanwhile, dark-field microscopy with the substrate electrode under a cyclic potential control is found to be able to assess the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of single nanoparticles via induced chloride redox electrochemistry. Consequently, nanoparticles with drastically increased catalytic activity are discovered to have larger ECSAs upon potential regulation, and interestingly, there are also a few particles with decreased activity, as opposed to the overall trend, that all develop a smaller ECSA in the process. The deactivated nanoparticles against the overall enhancement effects of potential cycling are revealed for the first time. As such, the SAR of single nanoparticles when subjected to an in situ structural control is optically demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Chen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Si-Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Haoran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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4
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Hernandez S, Perez-Estebanez M, Cheuquepan W, Perales-Rondon JV, Heras A, Colina A. Raman, UV-Vis Absorption, and Fluorescence Spectroelectrochemistry for Studying the Enhancement of the Raman Scattering Using Nanocrystals Activated by Metal Cations. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16070-16078. [PMID: 37871281 PMCID: PMC10633809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Raman signal enhancement is fundamental to develop different analytical tools for chemical analysis, interface reaction studies, or new materials characterization, among others. Thus, phenomena such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) have been used for decades to increase the sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy, leading to a huge development of this field. Recently, an alternative method to SERS for the amplification of Raman signals has been reported. This method, known as electrochemical surface oxidation-enhanced Raman scattering (EC-SOERS), has been experimentally described. However, to date, it has not yet been fully understood. In this work, new experimental data that clarify the origin of the Raman enhancement in SOERS are provided. The use of a complete and unique set of combined spectroelectrochemistry techniques, including time-resolved operando UV-vis absorption, fluorescence, and Raman spectroelectrochemistry, reveals that such enhancement is related to the generation of dielectric or semiconductor nanocrystals on the surface of the electrode and that the interaction between the target molecule and the dielectric substrate is mediated by metal cations. According to these results, the interaction metal electrode-nanocrystal-metal cation-molecule is proposed as being responsible for the Raman enhancement in Ag and Cu substrates. Elucidation of the origin of the Raman enhancement will help to promote the rational design of SOERS substrates as an attractive alternative to the well-known SERS phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Hernandez
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, E-09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Martin Perez-Estebanez
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, E-09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - William Cheuquepan
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, E-09001 Burgos, Spain
- Bernal
Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Juan V. Perales-Rondon
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, E-09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Heras
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, E-09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Alvaro Colina
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, E-09001 Burgos, Spain
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5
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Zong J, Wu W, Mao L, Yu P. Insight into active sites of nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst by stochastic collision electrochemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13163-13166. [PMID: 37849326 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04505f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the active sites of electrocatalysts is important for catalyst design. However, determining the specific active sites of catalysts is still a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate that stochastic collision electrochemistry could be used as a simple but efficient method for identifying the active sites of electrocatalysts, which can overcome the problems caused by the considerable difference between the giant geometric area and the limited exposure of active sites when using traditional cyclic voltammetry. To validate the method, the oxygen reduction reaction and ascorbic acid electrooxidation with the as-synthesized nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts were selected as model reactions. The results show that the pyridinic N dominates the reactivity of the oxygen reduction reaction while the CO functional group is the active site for ascorbic acid oxidation, which could not be identified by cyclic voltammetry with the ensemble drop-casting method. This manuscript demonstrates a new method for identifying the active sites of electrocatalysts, essentially enriching the methodology for identifying active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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6
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Chi H, Liu Y, Li Z, Chen W, He Y. Direct visual observation of pedal motion-dependent flexibility of single covalent organic frameworks. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5061. [PMID: 37604822 PMCID: PMC10442449 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40831-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been studied for applications containing sorption, selective separation, and catalysis. How to correlate the microscopic structure with flexibility in COFs is a great challenge. Herein, we visually track the flexible deformation behaviors of single COF-300 and COF-300-AR particles in response to solvent vapour guests with dark-field microscopy (DFM) in an in operando manner. COF-300-AR with freely-rotating C-N single bonds are synthesized by the reduction of imine-based COF-300 consisting of rigid C=N double bonds without changing topological structure and crystallinity. Unexpectedly, we observe that the flexible deformation of COF-300 is extremely higher than that of COF-300-AR despite it bears many C-N single bonds, clearly illustrating the apparent flexibility decrease of COF-300 after reduction. The high spatiotemporal resolution of DFM enables the finding of inter-particle variations of the flexibility among COF-300 crystals. Experimental characterizations by variable-temperature X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy as well as theoretical calculations demonstrate that the flexible deformation of COF-300 is ascribed to the pedal motion around rigid C=N double bonds. These observations provide new insights into COF flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Chi
- School of Nuclear Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010, Mianyang, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Nuclear Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010, Mianyang, P. R. China
- Sichuan College of Architectural Technology, 618000, Deyang, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Li
- School of Nuclear Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010, Mianyang, P. R. China
| | - Wanxin Chen
- School of Nuclear Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010, Mianyang, P. R. China
| | - Yi He
- School of Nuclear Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 621010, Mianyang, P. R. China.
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7
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Li Z, Chande C, Cheng YH, Basuray S. Recent State and Challenges in Spectroelectrochemistry with Its Applications in Microfluidics. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:667. [PMID: 36985074 PMCID: PMC10056660 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This review paper presents the recent developments in spectroelectrochemical (SEC) technologies. The coupling of spectroscopy and electrochemistry enables SEC to do a detailed and comprehensive study of the electron transfer kinetics and vibrational spectroscopic fingerprint of analytes during electrochemical reactions. Though SEC is a promising technique, the usage of SEC techniques is still limited. Therefore, enough publicity for SEC is required, considering the promising potential in the analysis fields. Unlike previously published review papers primarily focused on the relatively frequently used SEC techniques (ultraviolet-visible SEC and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy SEC), the two not-frequently used but promising techniques (nuclear magnetic resonance SEC and dark-field microscopy SEC) have also been studied in detail. This review paper not only focuses on the applications of each SEC method but also details their primary working mechanism. In short, this paper summarizes each SEC technique's working principles, current applications, challenges encountered, and future development directions. In addition, each SEC technique's applicative research directions are detailed and compared in this review work. Furthermore, integrating SEC techniques into microfluidics is becoming a trend in minimized analysis devices. Therefore, the usage of SEC techniques in microfluidics is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglong Li
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Charmi Chande
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Yu-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Sagnik Basuray
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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8
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Elabbadi M, Boukouvala C, Hopper ER, Asselin J, Ringe E. Synthesis of Controllable Cu Shells on Au Nanoparticles with Electrodeposition: A Systematic in Situ Single Particle Study. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:5044-5053. [PMID: 36960102 PMCID: PMC10026066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c08910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic Cu on Au nanoparticles with controllable morphology and optical properties were obtained via electrochemical synthesis. In particular, multilobed structures with good homogeneity were achieved through the optimization of experimental parameters such as deposition current, charge transfer, and metal ion concentration. A hyperspectral dark field scattering setup was used to characterize the electrodeposition on a single particle level, with changes in localized surface plasmon resonance frequency correlated with deposition charge transfer and amount of Cu deposited as determined by electron microscopy. This demonstrated the ability to tune morphology and spectra through electrochemical parameters alone. Time-resolved in situ measurements of single particle spectra were obtained, giving an insight into the kinetics of the deposition process. Nucleation of multiple cubes of Cu initially occurs preferentially on the tips of Au nanoparticles, before growing and coalescing to form a multilobed, lumpy shell. Modifying the surface of Au nanoparticles by plasma treatment resulted in thicker and more uniform Cu shells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Elabbadi
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB3 0FS
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 3EQ
| | - Christina Boukouvala
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB3 0FS
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 3EQ
| | - Elizabeth R. Hopper
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB3 0FS
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 3EQ
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, West Cambridge Site, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB3 0AS
| | - Jérémie Asselin
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB3 0FS
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 3EQ
| | - Emilie Ringe
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB3 0FS
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 3EQ
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9
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Chen M, Lu SM, Wang HW, Long YT. Monitoring Photoinduced Interparticle Chemical Communication In Situ. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215631. [PMID: 36637164 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring interparticle chemical communication plays a critical role in the nanomaterial synthesis as this communication controls the final structure and stability of global nanoparticles (NPs). Yet most ensemble analytical techniques, which could only reveal average macroscopic information, are unable to elucidate NP-to-NP interactions. Herein, we employ stochastic collision electrochemistry to track the morphology transformation of Ag NPs in photochemical process at the single NP level. By further statistical analysis of time-resolved current transients, we quantitatively determine the dynamic chemical potential difference and interparticle communication between populations of large and small Ag NPs. The high sensitivity of stochastic collision electrochemistry enables the in situ investigation of chemical communication-dependent transformation kinetics of NPs in photochemical process, shedding light on designing nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Si-Min Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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10
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Nguyen MC, Berto P, Valentino F, Lemineur JF, Noel JM, Kanoufi F, Tessier G. 3D Spectroscopic Tracking of Individual Brownian Nanoparticles during Galvanic Exchange. ACS NANO 2022; 16:14422-14431. [PMID: 36099198 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring chemical reactions in solutions at the scale of individual entities is challenging: single-particle detection requires small confocal volumes, which are hardly compatible with Brownian motion, particularly when long integration times are necessary. Here, we propose a real-time (10 Hz) holography-based nm-precision 3D tracking of single moving nanoparticles. Using this localization, the confocal collection volume is dynamically adjusted to follow the moving nanoparticle and allow continuous spectroscopic monitoring. This concept is applied to study galvanic exchange in freely moving colloidal silver nanoparticles with gold ions generated in situ. While the Brownian trajectory reveals particle size, spectral shifts dynamically reveal composition changes and transformation kinetics at the single-object level, pointing at different transformation kinetics for free and tethered particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Chau Nguyen
- Université Paris Cité, ITODYS, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Berto
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Valentino
- Université Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, F-75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Marc Noel
- Université Paris Cité, ITODYS, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Gilles Tessier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, F-75006 Paris, France
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11
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Jiang B, Gu W, Jiang W, Lv M, Niu B, Wu X, Wang W, Wang H. Directly Imaging Dynamic Electronic Coupling during Electrochemical Oxidation of Single Silver Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209964. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Wenjie Gu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Wenxuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Mengqi Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Ben Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Xue‐Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
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12
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Jiang B, Gu W, Jiang W, Lv M, Niu B, Wu XJ, Wang W, Wang H. Directly Imaging Dynamic Electronic Coupling during Electrochemical Oxidation of Single Silver Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wenjie Gu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wenxuan Jiang
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Mengqi Lv
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ben Niu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xue-Jun Wu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wei Wang
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Hui Wang
- Nanjing University Nanjing Xianlin road No. 163 CHINA
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13
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Jing C, Long Y. Observing electrochemistry on single plasmonic nanoparticles. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jing
- Department of Hydrogen Technique Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Shanghai P. R. China
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Tao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
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14
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Lemineur JF, Wang H, Wang W, Kanoufi F. Emerging Optical Microscopy Techniques for Electrochemistry. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2022; 15:57-82. [PMID: 35216529 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-015943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An optical microscope is probably the most intuitive, simple, and commonly used instrument to observe objects and discuss behaviors through images. Although the idea of imaging electrochemical processes operando by optical microscopy was initiated 40 years ago, it was not until significant progress was made in the last two decades in advanced optical microscopy or plasmonics that it could become a mainstream electroanalytical strategy. This review illustrates the potential of different optical microscopies to visualize and quantify local electrochemical processes with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution (below the diffraction limit), up to the single object level with subnanoparticle or single-molecule sensitivity. Developed through optically and electrochemically active model systems, optical microscopy is now shifting to materials and configurations focused on real-world electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China;
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China;
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15
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Wu G, Zhou X, Lv WL, Qian C, Liu XW. Real-Time Plasmonic Imaging of the Compositional Evolution of Single Nanoparticles in Electrochemical Reactions. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4383-4391. [PMID: 35549482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Real-time probing of the compositional evolution of single nanoparticles during an electrochemical reaction is crucial for understanding the structure-performance relationship and rationally designing nanomaterials for desirable applications; however, it is consistently challenging to achieve high-throughput real-time tracking. Here, we present an optical imaging method, termed plasmonic scattering interferometry microscopy (PSIM), which is capable of imaging the compositional evolution of single nanoparticles during an aqueous electrochemical reaction in real time. By quantifying the plasmonic scattering interferometric pattern of nanoparticles, we establish the relationship between the pattern and composition of single nanoparticles. Using PSIM, we have successfully probed the compositional transformation dynamics of multiple individual nanoparticles during electrochemical reactions. PSIM could be used as a universal platform for exploring the compositional evolution of nanomaterials at the single-nanoparticle level and offers great potentials for addressing the extensive fundamental questions in nanoscience and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wen-Li Lv
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chen Qian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xian-Wei Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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16
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Determining the depth of surface charging layer of single Prussian blue nanoparticles with pseudocapacitive behaviors. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2316. [PMID: 35484125 PMCID: PMC9051208 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the hybrid charge-storage mechanisms of pseudocapacitive nanomaterials holds promising keys to further improve the performance of energy storage devices. Based on the dependence of the light scattering intensity of single Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) on their oxidation state during sinusoidal potential modulation at varying frequencies, we present an electro-optical microscopic imaging approach to optically acquire the Faradaic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (oEIS) of single PBNPs. Here we reveal typical pseudocapacitive behavior with hybrid charge-storage mechanisms depending on the modulation frequency. In the low-frequency range, the optical amplitude is inversely proportional to the square root of the frequency (∆I ∝ f−0.5; diffusion-limited process), while in the high-frequency range, it is inversely proportional to the frequency (∆I ∝ f−1; surface charging process). Because the geometry of single cuboid-shaped PBNPs can be precisely determined by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, oEIS of single PBNPs allows the determination of the depth of the surface charging layer, revealing it to be ~2 unit cells regardless of the nanoparticle size. The surface charging layer in nanomaterials, which determines their pseudocapacitive behavior, is challenging to characterize. Here the authors perform Faradic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements of single cuboid Prussian blue nanoparticles, displaying a hybrid charge storage mechanism, and determine the depth of the surface charging layer.
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17
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Experimental characterization techniques for plasmon-assisted chemistry. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:259-274. [PMID: 37117871 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Plasmon-assisted chemistry is the result of a complex interplay between electromagnetic near fields, heat and charge transfer on the nanoscale. The disentanglement of their roles is non-trivial. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of the chemical, structural and spectral properties of the plasmonic/molecular system being used is required. Specific techniques are needed to fully characterize optical near fields, temperature and hot carriers with spatial, energetic and/or temporal resolution. The timescales for all relevant physical and chemical processes can range from a few femtoseconds to milliseconds, which necessitates the use of time-resolved techniques for monitoring the underlying dynamics. In this Review, we focus on experimental techniques to tackle these challenges. We further outline the difficulties when going from the ensemble level to single-particle measurements. Finally, a thorough understanding of plasmon-assisted chemistry also requires a substantial joint experimental and theoretical effort.
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18
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Jaugstetter M, Blanc N, Kratz M, Tschulik K. Electrochemistry under confinement. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2491-2543. [PMID: 35274639 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00789k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although the term 'confinement' regularly appears in electrochemical literature, elevated by continuous progression in the research of nanomaterials and nanostructures, up until today the various aspects of confinement considered in electrochemistry are rather scattered individual contributions outside the established disciplines in this field. Thanks to a number of highly original publications and the growing appreciation of confinement as an overarching link between different exciting new research strategies, 'electrochemistry under confinement' is the process of forming a research discipline of its own. To aid the development a coherent terminology and joint basic concepts, as crucial factors for this transformation, this review provides an overview on the different effects on electrochemical processes known to date that can be caused by confinement. It also suggests where boundaries to other effects, such as nano-effects could be drawn. To conceptualize the vast amount of research activities revolving around the main concepts of confinement, we define six types of confinement and select two of them to discuss the state of the art and anticipated future developments in more detail. The first type concerns nanochannel environments and their applications for electrodeposition and for electrochemical sensing. The second type covers the rather newly emerging field of colloidal single entity confinement in electrochemistry. In these contexts, we will for instance address the influence of confinement on the mass transport and electric field distributions and will link the associated changes in local species concentration or in the local driving force to altered reaction kinetics and product selectivity. Highlighting pioneering works and exciting recent developments, this educational review does not only aim at surveying and categorizing the state-of-the-art, but seeks to specifically point out future perspectives in the field of confinement-controlled electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Jaugstetter
- Analytical Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Niclas Blanc
- Analytical Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Markus Kratz
- Analytical Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Analytical Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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19
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Sikes JC, Wonner K, Nicholson A, Cignoni P, Fritsch I, Tschulik K. Characterization of Nanoparticles in Diverse Mixtures Using Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance and Nanoparticle Tracking by Dark-Field Microscopy with Redox Magnetohydrodynamics Microfluidics. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2022; 2:289-298. [PMID: 35915589 PMCID: PMC9335947 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.1c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Redox magnetohydrodynamics
(RMHD) microfluidics is coupled with
dark-field microscopy (DFM) to offer high-throughput single-nanoparticle
(NP) differentiation in situ and operando in a flowing mixture by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
and tracking of NPs. The color of the scattered light allows visualization
of the NPs below the diffraction limit. Their Brownian motion in 1-D
superimposed on and perpendicular to the RMHD trajectory yields their
diffusion coefficients. LSPR and diffusion coefficients provide two
orthogonal modalities for characterization where each depends on a
particle’s material composition, shape, size, and interactions
with the surrounding medium. RMHD coupled with DFM was demonstrated
on a mixture of 82 ± 9 nm silver and 140 ± 10 nm gold-coated
silica nanospheres. The two populations of NPs in the mixture were
identified by blue/green and orange/red LSPR and their scattering
intensity, respectively, and their sizes were further evaluated based
on their diffusion coefficients. RMHD microfluidics facilitates high-throughput
analysis by moving the sample solution across the wide field of view
absent of physical vibrations within the experimental cell. The well-controlled
pumping allows for a continuous, reversible, and uniform flow for
precise and simultaneous NP tracking of the Brownian motion. Additionally,
the amounts of nanomaterials required for the analysis are minimized
due to the elimination of an inlet and outlet. Several hundred individual
NPs were differentiated from each other in the mixture flowing in
forward and reverse directions. The ability to immediately reverse
the flow direction also facilitates re-analysis of the NPs, enabling
more precise sizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazlynn C. Sikes
- University of Arkansas Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Kevin Wonner
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry II, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Aaron Nicholson
- University of Arkansas Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Paolo Cignoni
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry II, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fritsch
- University of Arkansas Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry II, Bochum 44801, Germany
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20
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Zhou J, He W, Liu H, Huang CZ. Energy Flow during the Plasmon Resonance-Driven Photocatalytic Reactions on Single Nanoparticles. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical System (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Wei He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical System (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical System (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical System (Southwest University), Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
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21
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Deng Z, Renault C. Unravelling the last milliseconds of an individual graphene nanoplatelet before impact with a Pt surface by bipolar electrochemistry. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12494-12500. [PMID: 34603681 PMCID: PMC8480341 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03646g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Contactless interactions of micro/nano-particles near electrochemically or chemically active interfaces are ubiquitous in chemistry and biochemistry. Forces arising from a convective field, an electric field or chemical gradients act on different scales ranging from few microns down to few nanometers making their study difficult. Here, we correlated optical microscopy and electrochemical measurements to track at the millisecond timescale the dynamics of individual two-dimensional particles, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), when approaching an electrified Pt micro-interface. Our original approach takes advantage of the bipolar feedback current recorded when a conducting particle approaches an electrified surface without electrical contact and numerical simulations to access the velocity of individual GNPs. We evidenced a strong deceleration of GNPs from few tens of μm s-1 down to few μm s-1 within the last μm above the surface. This observation reveals the existence of strongly non-uniform forces between tens of and a thousand nanometers from the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Deng
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, IP Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Christophe Renault
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, IP Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France
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22
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Yang M, Batchelor-McAuley C, Barton S, Rickaby REM, Bouman HA, Compton RG. Opto-Electrochemical Dissolution Reveals Coccolith Calcium Carbonate Content. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20999-21006. [PMID: 34288323 PMCID: PMC8518593 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Coccoliths are plates of biogenic calcium carbonate secreted by calcifying marine phytoplankton; annually these phytoplankton are responsible for exporting >1 billion tonnes (1015 g) of calcite to the deep ocean. Rapid and reliable methods for assessing the degree of calcification are technically challenging because the coccoliths are micron sized and contain picograms (pg) of calcite. Here we pioneer an opto‐eletrochemical acid titration of individual coccoliths which allows 3D reconstruction of each individual coccolith via in situ optical imaging enabling direct inference of the coccolith mass. Coccolith mass ranging from 2 to 400 pg are reported herein, evidencing both inter‐ and intra‐species variation over four different species. We foresee this scientific breakthrough, which is independent of knowledge regarding the species and calibration‐free, will allow continuous monitoring and reporting of the degree of coccolith calcification in the changing marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Yang
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher Batchelor-McAuley
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Samuel Barton
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Rosalind E M Rickaby
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Heather A Bouman
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard G Compton
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
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23
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Yang M, Batchelor‐McAuley C, Barton S, Rickaby REM, Bouman HA, Compton RG. Opto‐Electrochemical Dissolution Reveals Coccolith Calcium Carbonate Content. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Yang
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford UK
| | - Christopher Batchelor‐McAuley
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford UK
| | - Samuel Barton
- Department of Earth Sciences University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford UK
| | | | - Heather A. Bouman
- Department of Earth Sciences University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford UK
| | - Richard G. Compton
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford UK
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24
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Saha P, Rahman MM, Hill CM. Borohydride oxidation electrocatalysis at individual, shape‐controlled Au nanoparticles. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Partha Saha
- Department of Chemistry University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming USA
| | | | - Caleb M. Hill
- Department of Chemistry University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming USA
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25
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Ciocci P, Lemineur JF, Noël JM, Combellas C, Kanoufi F. Differentiating electrochemically active regions of indium tin oxide electrodes for hydrogen evolution and reductive decomposition reactions. An in situ optical microscopy approach. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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26
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Laurinavichyute VK, Nizamov S, Mirsky VM. Real time tracking of the early stage of electrochemical nucleation. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Jiang W, Wei W, Yuan T, Liu S, Niu B, Wang H, Wang W. Tracking the optical mass centroid of single electroactive nanoparticles reveals the electrochemically inactive zone. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8556-8562. [PMID: 34221337 PMCID: PMC8221172 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01623g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The inevitable microstructural defects, including cracks, grain boundaries and cavities, make a portion of the material inaccessible to electrons and ions, becoming the incentives for electrochemically inactive zones in single entity. Herein, we introduced dark field microscopy to study the variation of scattering spectrum and optical mass centroid (OMC) of single Prussian blue nanoparticles during electrochemical reaction. The "dark zone" embedded in a single electroactive nanoparticle resulted in the incomplete reaction, and consequently led to the misalignment of OMC for different electrochemical intermediate states. We further revealed the dark zones such as lattice defects in the same entity, which were externally manifested as the fixed pathway for OMC for the migration of potassium ions. This method opens up enormous potentiality to optically access the heterogeneous intraparticle dark zones, with implications for evaluating the crystallinity and electrochemical recyclability of single electroactive nano-objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 210023 China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 210023 China
| | - Tinglian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 210023 China
| | - Shasha Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 210023 China
| | - Ben Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 210023 China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 210023 China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University 210023 China
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28
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Linnemann J, Kanokkanchana K, Tschulik K. Design Strategies for Electrocatalysts from an Electrochemist’s Perspective. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Linnemann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, ZEMOS, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kannasoot Kanokkanchana
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, ZEMOS, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, ZEMOS, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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29
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Zhvansky ES, Ivanov DG, Sorokin AA, Bugrova AE, Nikolaev EN, Popov IA. Interactive Estimation of Heterogeneity from Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3706-3709. [PMID: 33591173 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate a new approach for interactively assessing hyperspectral data spatial structures for heterogeneity using mass spectrometry imaging. This approach is based on the visualization of the cosine distance as the similarity levels between mass spectra of a chosen region and the rest of the image (sample). The applicability of the method is demonstrated on a set of mass spectrometry images of frontal mouse brain slices. Selection of the reference pixel of the mass spectrometric image and a further view of the corresponding cosine distance map helps to prepare supporting vectors for further analysis, select features, and carry out biological interpretation of different tissues in the mass spectrometry context with or without histological annotation. Visual inspection of the similarity maps reveals the spatial distribution of features in tissue samples, which can serve as the molecular histological annotation of a slide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny S Zhvansky
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskij bystr. 9, 141700 Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Daniil G Ivanov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskij bystr. 9, 141700 Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia.,Emanuel Institute for Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly A Sorokin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskij bystr. 9, 141700 Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia.,Institute of Cell Biophysics RAS, Institutskaya st., 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia.,Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Anna E Bugrova
- Emanuel Institute for Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Novaya Street, 100, 143025 Skolkovo, Russia
| | - Igor A Popov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskij bystr. 9, 141700 Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia
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30
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Gao PF, Lei G, Huang CZ. Dark-Field Microscopy: Recent Advances in Accurate Analysis and Emerging Applications. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4707-4726. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Gang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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31
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Oh H, Hwang H, Song H. Structural complexity induced by {110} blocking of cysteine in electrochemical copper deposition on silver nanocubes. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1777-1783. [PMID: 33433556 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07470e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Morphology evolution into intricate structures at the nanoscale is hard to understand, but we can get critical information from the combination of ex situ and in situ spectroelectrochemical techniques. In this study, we investigated the structural complexity generated during electrochemical Cu deposition on individual Ag nanocubes, which was driven by surface regulating cysteine molecules. During the deposition process, selective nucleation occurred on the Ag nanocubes by underpotential deposition, and then sequential structural evolution to a windmill morphology was observed. By adjusting the cysteine coverage, diverse structures were yielded, including face-overgrown, four-leaf clover, and octapod-like structures. Structural analysis along the crystallographic directions demonstrated that cysteine molecules exclusively blocked the growth along 110 and relatively promoted the growth along 100 and 111, respectively. Interestingly, all morphologies maintained a highly symmetric nature from the pristine cube, despite being diverse and sophisticated. These findings would be essential to design complex morphologies and achieve desirable optical and catalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuncheol Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Abstract
We present the results of acid–base experiments performed at the single ion (H+ or OH−) limit in ∼6 aL volume nanopores incorporating electrochemical zero-mode waveguides (E-ZMWs). At pH 3 each E-ZMW nanopore contains ca. 3600H+ ions, and application of a negative electrochemical potential to the gold working electrode/optical cladding layer reduces H+ to H2, thereby depleting H+ and increasing the local pH within the nanopore. The change in pH was quantified by tracking the intensity of fluorescein, a pH-responsive fluorophore whose intensity increases with pH. This behavior was translated to the single ion limit by changing the initial pH of the electrolyte solution to pH 6, at which the average pore occupancy 〈n〉pore ∼3.6H+/nanopore. Application of an electrochemical potential sufficiently negative to change the local pH to pH 7 reduces the proton nanopore occupancy to 〈n〉pore ∼0.36H+/nanopore, demonstrating that the approach is sensitive to single H+ manipulations, as evidenced by clear potential-dependent changes in fluorescein emission intensity. In addition, at high overpotential, the observed fluorescence intensity exceeded the value predicted from the fluorescence intensity-pH calibration, an observation attributed to the nucleation of H2 nanobubbles as confirmed both by calculations and the behavior of non-pH responsive Alexa 488 fluorophore. Apart from enhancing fundamental understanding, the approach described here opens the door to applications requiring ultrasensitive ion sensing, based on the optical detection of H+ population at the single ion limit. Visualizing dynamic change in the number of protons during electroreduction of protons in attoliter volume zero-mode waveguides.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Sundaresan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Paul W Bohn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
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33
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Lemineur JF, Noël JM, Combellas C, Kanoufi F. Optical monitoring of the electrochemical nucleation and growth of silver nanoparticles on electrode: From single to ensemble nanoparticles inspection. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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34
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Wei W, Yuan T, Jiang W, Gao J, Chen HY, Wang W. Accessing the Electrochemical Activity of Single Nanoparticles by Eliminating the Heterogeneous Electrical Contacts. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14307-14313. [PMID: 32787250 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
While single nanoparticle electrochemistry holds great promise for establishing the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of electroactive nanomaterials, as it removes the heterogeneity among individuals, successful SAR studies remain rare. When one nanoparticle is seen to exhibit better performance than the others, it is often simply attributed to better activity of the particular individual. By taking the ion insertion reaction of Prussian blue nanoparticles as an example, here we show that the electrical contact between nanoparticles and electrode, a previously overlooked factor, was greatly distinct from one nanoparticle to another and significantly contributed to the apparent heterogeneity in the reactivity and cyclability. An individual nanoparticle with intrinsically perfect structure (size, facet, crystallinity, and so on) could be completely inactive, simply due to poor electrical contacts, which blurred the SAR and likely caused failures. We further proposed a sputter-coating method to enhance the electrical contacts by depositing an ultrathin platinum layer onto the sample. Such an approach was routinely adopted in scanning electron microscopy to improve the electron mobility between nanoparticles and substrate. Elimination of heterogeneous contacts ensured that the electrochemical activity of single nanoparticles can be accessed and further correlated with their structural features, thus paving the way for single nanoparticle electrochemistry to deliver on its promises in SAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tinglian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenxuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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35
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Abstract
Single-molecule-level measurements are bringing about a revolution in our understanding of chemical and biochemical processes. Conventional measurements are performed on large ensembles of molecules. Such ensemble-averaged measurements mask molecular-level dynamics and static and dynamic fluctuations in reactivity, which are vital to a holistic understanding of chemical reactions. Watching reactions on the single-molecule level provides access to this otherwise hidden information. Sub-diffraction-limited spatial resolution fluorescence imaging methods, which have been successful in the field of biophysics, have been applied to study chemical processes on single-nanoparticle and single-molecule levels, bringing us new mechanistic insights into physiochemical processes. However, the scope of chemical processes that can be studied using fluorescence imaging is considerably limited; the chemical reaction has to be designed such that it involves fluorophores or fluorogenic probes. In this article, we review optical imaging modalities alternative to fluorescence imaging, which expand greatly the range of chemical processes that can be probed with nanoscale or even single-molecule resolution. First, we show that the luminosity, wavelength, and intermittency of solid-state photoluminescence (PL) can be used to probe chemical transformations on the single-nanoparticle-level. Next, we highlight case studies where localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) scattering is used for tracking solid-state, interfacial, and near-field-driven chemical reactions occurring in individual nanoscale locations. Third, we explore the utility of surface- and tip-enhanced Raman scattering to monitor individual bond-dissociation and bond-formation events occurring locally in chemical reactions on surfaces. Each example has yielded some new understanding about molecular mechanisms or location-to-location heterogeneity in chemical activity. The review finishes with new and complementary tools that are expected to further enhance the scope of knowledge attainable through nanometer-scale resolution chemical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Dinumol Devasia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Prashant K Jain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. and Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA and Materials Research Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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36
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Lemineur JF, Noël JM, Combellas C, Kanoufi F. Revealing the sub-50 ms electrochemical conversion of silver halide nanocolloids by stochastic electrochemistry and optical microscopy. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:15128-15136. [PMID: 32657309 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03799k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silver based ionic crystal nanoparticles (NPs) are interesting nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion, e.g. their colloidal solutions could be used as a reversible redox nanofluid in semi-solid redox flow cells. In this context, the reductive transformation of Brownian silver halide, AgX, NPs into silver NPs is probed by single NP electrochemistry, complemented by operando high resolution monitoring. However, their light sensitivity and poor conductivity make the operando monitoring of their chemical activity challenging. The electrochemical collisions of single AgX NPs onto a negatively biased electrode evidence a full conversion through multiple reduction steps within 3-10 ms. This is further corroborated by simulation of the conversion process and operando through a high resolution optical microscopy technique (Backside Absorbing Layer Microscopy, BALM). Both techniques are interesting strategies to infer at the single NP level the intrinsic charge capacity and charging rate of redox active Brownian nanomaterials, demonstrating the interest of the fast and reversible AgX/Ag system as a redox nanofluid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Marc Noël
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France.
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37
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Lemineur JF, Noël JM, Courty A, Ausserré D, Combellas C, Kanoufi F. In Situ Optical Monitoring of the Electrochemical Conversion of Dielectric Nanoparticles: From Multistep Charge Injection to Nanoparticle Motion. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7937-7946. [PMID: 32223242 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
By shortening solid-state diffusion times, the nanoscale size reduction of dielectric materials-such as ionic crystals-has fueled synthetic efforts toward their use as nanoparticles, NPs, in electrochemical storage and conversion cells. Meanwhile, there is a lack of strategies able to image the dynamics of such conversion, operando and at the single NP level. It is achieved here by optical microscopy for a model dielectric ionic nanocrystal, a silver halide NP. Rather than the classical core-shrinking mechanism often used to rationalize the complete electrochemical conversion and charge storage in NPs, an alternative mechanism is proposed here. Owing to its poor conductivity, the NP conversion proceeds to completion through the formation of multiple inclusions. The superlocalization of NP during such heterogeneous multiple-step conversion suggests the local release of ions, which propels the NP toward reacting sites enabling its full conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Lemineur
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, MONARIS, CNRS-UMR 8233, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Noël
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Alexa Courty
- Sorbonne Université, MONARIS, CNRS-UMR 8233, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Ausserré
- Université du Maine, Institut des Matériaux et Molécules du Mans, CNRS-UMR 6283, Avenue O. Messiaen, 72000 Le Mans, France
| | - Catherine Combellas
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Kanoufi
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Min Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Yi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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39
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Noël JM, Miranda Vieira M, Brasiliense V, Lemineur JF, Combellas C, Kanoufi F. Effect of the driving force on nanoparticles growth and shape: an opto-electrochemical study. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:3227-3235. [PMID: 31967631 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09419a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most protocols developed to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs) and to control their shape are inspired from nucleation and growth theories. However, to rationalize the mechanisms of the shape-selective synthesis of NPs, experimental strategies allowing to probe in situ the growth of NPs are needed. Herein, metal Au or Ag nanoparticles (NPs) are produced by reaction of a metallic ion precursor with a reversible redox reducer. The process is explored by an oxidative electrosynthesis strategy using a sacrificial Au or Ag ultramicroelectrode to both trigger the metallic ion generation and control the local concentrations of the different reactants. The effect of the driving force for the metallic ion reduction over metal NP growth dynamics is inspected in situ and in real time at the single NP level by high-resolution optical microscopy from the tracking of the Brownian trajectories of the growing NPs in solution. The NP reductive growth/oxidative etching thermodynamics, and consequently the NP shape, are shown to be controlled electrochemically by the reversible redox couple, while the intervention of an Au(i) intermediate ion is suggested to account for the formation of gold nanocubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Noël
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS UMR 7086, 15 rue J.A. de Baïf, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | | | - Vitor Brasiliense
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS UMR 7086, 15 rue J.A. de Baïf, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | | | - Catherine Combellas
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS UMR 7086, 15 rue J.A. de Baïf, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Frédéric Kanoufi
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS UMR 7086, 15 rue J.A. de Baïf, F-75013 Paris, France.
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40
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Wonner K, Rurainsky C, Tschulik K. Operando Studies of the Electrochemical Dissolution of Silver Nanoparticles in Nitrate Solutions Observed With Hyperspectral Dark-Field Microscopy. Front Chem 2020; 7:912. [PMID: 32010665 PMCID: PMC6978802 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since nanoparticles are frequently used in commercial applications, there is a huge demand to obtain deeper insights into processes at the nanoscale. Especially, catalysis, chemical and electrochemical reaction dynamics are still poorly understood. Thus, simultaneous and coupled opto-and spectro-electrochemical dark-field microscopy is used to study in situ and operando the electrochemically driven dissolution mechanism of single silver nanoparticles in the presence of nitrate ions as non-complexing counter-ions, herein. Hyperspectral imaging is used to probe the intrinsic localized surface plasmon resonance of individual silver nanospheres before, during and after their electrochemical oxidation on a transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. Furthermore, optical video imaging was performed for additional information. Based on the complete loss of spectral information and intensity, a dissolution of the particles during the reaction was concluded. This way it is revealed that the dissolution of individual particles proceeds over several seconds, indicating a hindrance by the nitrate ions. Only electrochemical analysis does not provide this insight as the measured current does not allow distinguishing between successive fast dissolution of one particle after another or slow dissolution of several particles in a concerted manner. For comparison, experiments were performed in the presence of chloride ions. It was observed that the silver chloride formation is an instantaneous process. Thus, it is possible to study and define the reaction dynamics on the single nanoparticle level in various electrochemical systems and electrolyte solutions. Accordingly, operando opto- and spectro-electrochemical studies allow us to conclude, that the oxidation of silver to solvated silver cations is a kinetically slow process, while the oxidation to silver chloride is fast. We propose this approach as a new method to study electrocatalyst materials, their transformation and degradation under operando conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Wonner
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Rurainsky
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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41
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Sakaushi K, Kumeda T, Hammes-Schiffer S, Melander MM, Sugino O. Advances and challenges for experiment and theory for multi-electron multi-proton transfer at electrified solid–liquid interfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:19401-19442. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02741c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding microscopic mechanism of multi-electron multi-proton transfer reactions at complexed systems is important for advancing electrochemistry-oriented science in the 21st century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Sakaushi
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials
- National Institute for Materials Science
- Ibaraki 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kumeda
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials
- National Institute for Materials Science
- Ibaraki 305-0044
- Japan
| | | | - Marko M. Melander
- Nanoscience Center
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Jyväskylä
- Jyväskylä
- Finland
| | - Osamu Sugino
- The Institute of Solid State Physics
- the University of Tokyo
- Chiba 277-8581
- Japan
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42
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Optical methods for studying local electrochemical reactions with spatial resolution: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1074:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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43
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Robinson DA, White HS. Electrochemical Synthesis of Individual Core@Shell and Hollow Ag/Ag 2S Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:5612-5619. [PMID: 31335149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This letter presents an electrochemical methodology for structure-tunable synthesis, characterization, and kinetic monitoring of metal-semiconductor phase transformations at individual Ag nanoparticles. In the presence of HS- in aqueous solution, the stochastic collision and adsorption of Ag nanoparticles at a Au microelectrode initiates the partial anodic transformation of Ag to Ag2S at each particle. A single continuous current transient is observed for each Ag nanoparticle reacted. The characteristic shapes of the transients are distinct from previously reported amperometric recordings of electrochemical reactions involving single nanoparticles and are highly uniform at a constant applied potential. The average maximum current increases while the event duration decreases as a function of increasing potential. Independent of applied potential, the electrochemical transformation event abruptly stops after converting ∼80% of the Ag in the nanoparticle to Ag2S, a self-terminating process that does not occur for bulk Ag electrodes under similar conditions. The resulting products are a mixture of core@shell Ag@Ag2S nanoparticles with and without voids in the core, as characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Both the frequency and size of voids increase at more positive potentials. The average size of the core@shell nanoparticles determined by coulometric analysis of the current transients agrees well with TEM measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald A Robinson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Henry S White
- Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
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44
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Wang H, Zhao W, Xu CH, Chen HY, Xu JJ. Electrochemical synthesis of Au@semiconductor core-shell nanocrystals guided by single particle plasmonic imaging. Chem Sci 2019; 10:9308-9314. [PMID: 32110293 PMCID: PMC7006628 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02804h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic photocatalysts have opened up a new direction in utilization of visible light and promoting photocatalytic efficiency. An electrochemical deposition method is reported to synthesise metal@semiconductor (M@SC) core-shell nanocrystals. Due to the strong affinity of Au atoms to S2- and Se2- reduced at negative potential, CdS, CdSe and ZnS were selectively deposited on the surface of the Au core to form a uniform shell with a clear metal/semiconductor interface, which conquered the barrier caused by the large lattice mismatch between the two components. Plasmonic effects increased the photocatalytic performance, as well as provided a chance to in situ monitor the surface nucleation and growth. The structure formation process could be observed under dark-field microscopy (DFM) in real-time and precisely controlled via the scattering color, intensity and wavelength. The proof-of-concept strategy combines the electrochemical deposition and plasmonic imaging, which provides a universal approach in controllable synthesis of core-shell heterostructures, and leads to the improvement of plasmonic photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China . ;
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China . ;
| | - Cong-Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China . ;
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China . ;
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China . ;
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45
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Liu S, Arce AS, Nilsson S, Albinsson D, Hellberg L, Alekseeva S, Langhammer C. In Situ Plasmonic Nanospectroscopy of the CO Oxidation Reaction over Single Pt Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6090-6100. [PMID: 31091069 PMCID: PMC6566494 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing quest to develop single-particle methods for the in situ study of heterogeneous catalysts is driven by the fact that heterogeneity in terms of size, shape, grain structure, and composition is a general feature among nanoparticles in an ensemble. This heterogeneity hampers the generation of a deeper understanding for how these parameters affect catalytic properties. Here we present a solution that in a single benchtop experimental setup combines single-particle plasmonic nanospectroscopy with mass spectrometry for gas phase catalysis under reaction conditions at high temperature. We measure changes in the surface state of polycrystalline platinum model catalyst particles in the 70 nm size range and the corresponding bistable kinetics during the carbon monoxide oxidation reaction via the peak shift of the dark-field scattering spectrum of a closely adjacent plasmonic nanoantenna sensor and compare these changes with the total reaction rate measured by the mass spectrometer from an ensemble of nominally identical particles. We find that the reaction kinetics of simultaneously measured individual Pt model catalysts are dictated by the grain structure and that the superposition of the individual nanoparticle response can account for the significant broadening observed in the corresponding nanoparticle ensemble data. In a wider perspective our work enables in situ plasmonic nanospectroscopy in controlled gas environments at high temperature to investigate the role of the surface state on transition metal catalysts during reaction and of processes such as alloying or surface segregation in situ at the single-nanoparticle level for model catalysts in the few tens to hundreds of nanometer size range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Liu
- Department of Physics, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Arturo Susarrey Arce
- Department of Physics, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Sara Nilsson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - David Albinsson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Lars Hellberg
- Department of Physics, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Svetlana Alekseeva
- Department of Physics, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Christoph Langhammer
- Department of Physics, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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46
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Watts KE, Blackburn TJ, Pemberton JE. Optical Spectroscopy of Surfaces, Interfaces, and Thin Films: A Status Report. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4235-4265. [PMID: 30790520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Watts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arizona 1306 East University Boulevard , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| | - Thomas J Blackburn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arizona 1306 East University Boulevard , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| | - Jeanne E Pemberton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arizona 1306 East University Boulevard , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
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47
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Qiu K, Fato TP, Wang PY, Long YT. Real-time monitoring of electrochemical reactions on single nanoparticles by dark-field and Raman microscopy. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3809-3814. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05141k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dark-field and Raman microscopy to probe the single NP electrochemistry in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaipei Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Tano Patrice Fato
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Pei-Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
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48
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Macia N, Bresoli-Obach R, Nonell S, Heyne B. Hybrid Silver Nanocubes for Improved Plasmon-Enhanced Singlet Oxygen Production and Inactivation of Bacteria. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:684-692. [PMID: 30525580 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles can strongly interact with adjacent photosensitizer molecules, resulting in a significant alteration of their singlet oxygen (1O2) production. In this work, we report the next generation of metal-enhanced 1O2 nanoplatforms exploiting the lightning rod effect, or plasmon hot spots, in anisotropic (nonspherical) metal nanoparticles. We describe the synthesis of Rose Bengal-decorated silica-coated silver nanocubes (Ag@SiO2-RB NCs) with silica shell thicknesses ranging from 5 to 50 nm based on an optimized protocol yielding highly homogeneous Ag NCs. Steady-state and time-resolved 1O2 measurements demonstrate not only the silica shell thickness dependence on the metal-enhanced 1O2 production phenomenon but also the superiority of this next generation of nanoplatforms. A maximum enhancement of 1O2 of approximately 12-fold is observed with a 10 nm silica shell, which is among the largest 1O2 production metal enhancement factors ever reported for a colloidal suspension of nanoparticles. Finally, the Ag@SiO2-RB NCs were benchmarked against the Ag@SiO2-RB nanospheres previously reported by our group, and the superior 1O2 production of Ag@SiO2-RB NCs resulted in improved antimicrobial activities in photodynamic inactivation experiments using both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria model strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Macia
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta , Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Roger Bresoli-Obach
- Institut Quimic de Sarria , Universitat Ramon Llull , Barcelona 08029 , Spain
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Quimic de Sarria , Universitat Ramon Llull , Barcelona 08029 , Spain
| | - Belinda Heyne
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta , Canada T2N 1N4
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