1
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Rondon B, Ungolan P, Wu L, Niu J. Chemically Recyclable Pseudo-Polysaccharides from Living Ring-Opening Polymerization of Glucurono-1,6-lactones. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39051936 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in synthetic methods and monomer design have given access to precision carbohydrate polymers that extend beyond native polysaccharides. In this article, we present the synthesis of a class of chemically recyclable ester-linked pseudo-polysaccharides via the living anionic ring-opening polymerization of glucurono-1,6-lactones. Notably, the pseudo-polysaccharides exhibited defined chain-end groups, well-controlled molecular weights, and narrow molecular weight distributions, all hallmarks of living polymerization. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our approach is modular, as evidenced by tunable glass transition temperatures (Tg) and the ability to produce both amorphous and semicrystalline polymers by adjusting the monomer side chain structure. Lastly, we showcased the complete catalytic chemical recycling of these pseudo-polysaccharides back to the monomers. The flexibility of the polymerization and the recyclability of these pseudo-polysaccharides promote a sustainable circular economy while offering the potential to access polysaccharide-like materials with tunable thermal and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brayan Rondon
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Poom Ungolan
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Lianqian Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Jia Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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2
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Sun X, Wang C, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Sun J. Synthesis of Functional Isosorbide-Based Polyesters and Polyamides by Passerini Three-Component Polymerization. Chemistry 2023:e202303005. [PMID: 37823842 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental issues are becoming more and more prominent, and bio-based polymers are essential to alleviate environmental degradation by replacing traditional polymers. With this context, a new family of functional isosorbide-based polyesters and polyamides with high glass transition temperature are prepared via Passerini-Three component polymerization (P-3CP). To optimize the P-3CP conditions, the influence of the polymerization solvent, temperature, feed ratio on the molar mass of final polymers are investigated. The higher molar mass (up to 10100 g/mol) and yield (>70 %) are achieved under very mild conditions (30 °C, standard atmosphere). Functional side groups, such as alkenyl, alkynyl and methyl ester, were introduced into polymer structure via P-3CP by using functional isocyanides. The obtained polyesters and polyamides are characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopies, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). All polymers are thermal stable and amorphous with variable glass transition temperatures (Tg ). The obtained polyester has Tg up to 87.5 °C, while the Tg of polyamides (ISPA-2) is detected to be 97.5 °C depending on the amide bonds in the polymer backbone and the benzene ring side groups. The cytotoxicity is investigated by the CCK-8 assay against mBMSC cells to confirm the biological safety. Overall, this novel strategy provides an efficient approach to produce functional isosorbide-based polyesters and polyamides, which are promising prospect for being applied to biodegradable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingfu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
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3
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Wu L, Zhou Z, Sathe D, Zhou J, Dym S, Zhao Z, Wang J, Niu J. Precision native polysaccharides from living polymerization of anhydrosugars. Nat Chem 2023; 15:1276-1284. [PMID: 37106096 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01193-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The composition, sequence, length and type of glycosidic linkage of polysaccharides profoundly affect their biological and physical properties. However, investigation of the structure-function relationship of polysaccharides is hampered by difficulties in accessing well-defined polysaccharides in sufficient quantities. Here we report a chemical approach to precision polysaccharides with native glycosidic linkages via living cationic ring-opening polymerization of 1,6-anhydrosugars. We synthesized well-defined polysaccharides with tunable molecular weight, low dispersity and excellent regio- and stereo-selectivity using a boron trifluoride etherate catalyst and glycosyl fluoride initiators. Computational studies revealed that the reaction propagated through the monomer α-addition to the oxocarbenium and was controlled by the reversible deactivation of the propagating oxocarbenium to form the glycosyl fluoride dormant species. Our method afforded a facile and scalable pathway to multiple biologically relevant precision polysaccharides, including D-glucan, D-mannan and an unusual L-glucan. We demonstrated that catalytic depolymerization of precision polysaccharides efficiently regenerated monomers, suggesting their potential utility as a class of chemically recyclable materials with tailored thermal and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianqian Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Zefeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Devavrat Sathe
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Junfeng Zhou
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Shoshana Dym
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Zhensheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Junpeng Wang
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Jia Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
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4
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Hopper JT, Ma R, Rawlings JB, Ford PC, Abu-Omar MM. Markedly Improved Catalytic Dehydration of Sorbitol to Isosorbide by Sol-Gel Sulfated Zirconia: A Quantitative Structure-Reactivity Study. ACS Catal 2023; 13:10137-10152. [PMID: 37564128 PMCID: PMC10411504 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Isosorbide, a bicyclic C6 diol, has considerable value as a precursor for the production of bio-derived polymers. Current production of isosorbide from sorbitol utilizes homogeneous acid, commonly H2SO4, creating harmful waste and complicating separation. Thus, a heterogeneous acid catalyst capable of producing isosorbide from sorbitol in high yield under mild conditions would be desirable. Reported here is a quantitative investigation of the liquid-phase dehydration of neat sorbitol over sulfated zirconia (SZ) solid acid catalysts produced via sol-gel synthesis. The catalyst preparation allows for precise surface area control (morphology) and tunable catalytic activity. The S/Zr ratio (0.1-2.0) and calcination temperature (425-625 °C) were varied to evaluate their effects on morphology, acidity, and reaction kinetics and, as a result, to optimize the catalytic system for this transformation. With the optimal SZ catalyst, complete conversion of sorbitol occurred in <2 h under mild conditions to give isosorbide in 76% yield. Overall, the quantitative kinetics and structure-reactivity studies provided valuable insights into the parameters that govern product yields and SZ catalyst activity, central among these being the relative proportion of acid site types and Brønsted surface density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack T. Hopper
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Ruining Ma
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - James B. Rawlings
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Peter C. Ford
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Mahdi M. Abu-Omar
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California
Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
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5
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Matt L, Sedrik R, Bonjour O, Vasiliauskaité M, Jannasch P, Vares L. Covalent Adaptable Polymethacrylate Networks by Hydrazide Crosslinking Via Isosorbide Levulinate Side Groups. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2023; 11:8294-8307. [PMID: 37292449 PMCID: PMC10245394 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Reversible crosslinking offers an attractive strategy to modify and improve the properties of polymer materials while concurrently enabling a pathway for chemical recycling. This can, for example, be achieved by incorporating a ketone functionality into the polymer structure to enable post-polymerization crosslinking with dihydrazides. The resulting covalent adaptable network contains acylhydrazone bonds cleavable under acidic conditions, thereby providing reversibility. In the present work, we regioselectively prepare a novel isosorbide monomethacrylate with a pendant levulinoyl group via a two-step biocatalytic synthesis. Subsequently, a series of copolymers with different contents of the levulinic isosorbide monomer and methyl methacrylate are prepared by radical polymerization. Using dihydrazides, these linear copolymers are then crosslinked via reaction with the ketone groups in the levulinic side chains. Compared to the linear prepolymers, the crosslinked networks exhibit enhanced glass transition temperatures and thermal stability, up to 170 and 286 °C, respectively. Moreover, the dynamic covalent acylhydrazone bonds are efficiently and selectively cleaved under acidic conditions to retrieve the linear polymethacrylates. We next show that recovered polymers can again be crosslinked with adipic dihydrazide, thus demonstrating the circularity of the materials. Consequently, we envision that these novel levulinic isosorbide-based dynamic polymethacrylate networks have great potential in the field of recyclable and reusable biobased thermoset polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Matt
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Rauno Sedrik
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Olivier Bonjour
- Department
of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund 221
00, Sweden
| | | | - Patric Jannasch
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
- Department
of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund 221
00, Sweden
| | - Lauri Vares
- Institute
of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
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6
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Cabrera DJ, Lewis RD, Díez-Poza C, Álvarez-Miguel L, Mosquera MEG, Hamilton A, Whiteoak CJ. Group 13 salphen compounds (In, Ga and Al): a comparison of their structural features and activities as catalysts for cyclic carbonate synthesis. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:5882-5894. [PMID: 36852925 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00089c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Many complexes based on group 13 elements have been successfully applied as catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO2 and to date these have provided some of the most active catalysts developed. It is notable that most reports have focused on the use of aluminium-based compounds likely because of the well-established Lewis acidity of this element and its cost. In comparison, relatively little attention has been paid to the development of catalysts based on the heavier group 13 elements, despite their known Lewis acidic properties. This study describes the synthesis of aluminium, gallium and indium compounds supported by a readily prepared salphen ligand and explores both their comparative structures and also their potential as catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates. In addition, the halide ligand which forms a key part of the compound has been systematically varied and the effect of this change on the structure and catalytic activity is also discussed. It is demonstrated that the indium compounds are actually, and unexpectedly, the most active for cyclic carbonate synthesis, despite their lower Lewis acidity when compared to their aluminium congeners. The experimental observations from this work are fully supported by a Density Functional Theory (DFT) study, which provides important insights into the reasons as to why the indium catalyst with bromide, [InBr(salphen)], is most active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Jaraba Cabrera
- Universidad de Alcalá, Grupo SOSCATCOM, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Campus Universitario, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33, 600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ryan D Lewis
- Sheffield Hallam University, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre (BMRC) and Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK
| | - Carlos Díez-Poza
- Universidad de Alcalá, Grupo SOSCATCOM, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Campus Universitario, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33, 600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lucía Álvarez-Miguel
- Universidad de Alcalá, Grupo SOSCATCOM, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Campus Universitario, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33, 600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta E G Mosquera
- Universidad de Alcalá, Grupo SOSCATCOM, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Campus Universitario, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33, 600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alex Hamilton
- Sheffield Hallam University, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre (BMRC) and Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK
| | - Christopher J Whiteoak
- Universidad de Alcalá, Grupo SOSCATCOM, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia and Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Campus Universitario, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33, 600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Verisqa F, Cha JR, Nguyen L, Kim HW, Knowles JC. Digital Light Processing 3D Printing of Gyroid Scaffold with Isosorbide-Based Photopolymer for Bone Tissue Engineering. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1692. [PMID: 36421706 PMCID: PMC9687763 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most transplanted tissues of the human body, bone has varying architectures, depending on its anatomical location. Therefore, bone defects ideally require bone substitutes with a similar structure and adequate strength comparable to native bones. Light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing methods allow the fabrication of biomimetic scaffolds with high resolution and mechanical properties that exceed the result of commonly used extrusion-based printing. Digital light processing (DLP) is known for its faster and more accurate printing than other 3D printing approaches. However, the development of biocompatible resins for light-based 3D printing is not as rapid as that of bio-inks for extrusion-based printing. In this study, we developed CSMA-2, a photopolymer based on Isosorbide, a renewable sugar derivative monomer. The CSMA-2 showed suitable rheological properties for DLP printing. Gyroid scaffolds with high resolution were successfully printed. The 3D-printed scaffolds also had a compressive modulus within the range of a human cancellous bone modulus. Human adipose-derived stem cells remained viable for up to 21 days of incubation on the scaffolds. A calcium deposition from the cells was also found on the scaffolds. The stem cells expressed osteogenic markers such as RUNX2, OCN, and OPN. These results indicated that the scaffolds supported the osteogenic differentiation of the progenitor cells. In summary, CSMA-2 is a promising material for 3D printing techniques with high resolution that allow the fabrication of complex biomimetic scaffolds for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Verisqa
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Jae-Ryung Cha
- Department of Chemistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Linh Nguyen
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan C. Knowles
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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8
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Bio-Vitrimers for Sustainable Circular Bio-Economy. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204338. [PMID: 36297916 PMCID: PMC9606967 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim to achieve sustainable development goals (SDG) and cut CO2-emission is forcing researchers to develop bio-based materials over conventional polymers. Since most of the established bio-based polymeric materials demonstrate prominent sustainability, however, performance, cost, and durability limit their utilization in real-time applications. Additionally, a sustainable circular bioeconomy (CE) ensures SDGs deliver material production, where it ceases the linear approach from production to waste. Simultaneously, sustainable circular bio-economy promoted materials should exhibit the prominent properties to involve and substitute conventional materials. These interceptions can be resolved through state-of-the-art bio-vitrimeric materials that display durability/mechanical properties such as thermosets and processability/malleability such as thermoplastics. This article emphasizes the current need for vitrimers based on bio-derived chemicals; as well as to summarize the developed bio-based vitrimers (including reprocessing, recycling and self-healing properties) and their requirements for a sustainable circular economy in future prospects.
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9
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Kang JH, Sim SJ, Lee JH, Lee S, Suh DH. Bio-Degradable Polyesters with Rigid Cyclic Diester from Camphor and Tartaric Acid. JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT 2022; 30:3463-3473. [PMID: 35469316 PMCID: PMC9020547 DOI: 10.1007/s10924-022-02439-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite their excellent, useful, and stable properties, thermoplastics are constantly subject to environmental risks because of their low degradability under thermal, chemical, and mechanical stresses. To overcome the aforementioned issues, we hereby introduce an eco-friendly camphor (Ct) cyclic diester. The Ct diester is designed as a monomer, including a ketal group from the Ct, and shows high thermal stability via a rigid spiro-ring and a bridged bicyclic structure. A series of polyester was synthesized using the Ct diester, including various types of diols and dimethyl terephthalate. PETxCty copolyesters showed appropriate thermal stability up to 414 °C and a high glass transition temperature. This thermal behavior led to amorphous regions as the Ct diester content increased. Regarding the proportion of the Ct diester in the polyester, it was sensitive to hydrolysis and contributed to the degradation of the polyester in acid buffer conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hui Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan, 31056 Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ji Sim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyuk Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Sangkug Lee
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan, 31056 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hack Suh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
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10
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Siefker D, Chan BA, Zhang M, Nho JW, Zhang D. 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine-Mediated Zwitterionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Sarcosine-Derived N-Thiocarboxyanhydride toward Well-Defined Polysarcosine. Macromolecules 2022; 55:2509-2516. [PMID: 35444344 PMCID: PMC9011146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Zwitterionic ring-opening
polymerization (ZROP) of sarcosine-derived N-thiocarboxyanhydrides
(Me-NNTAs) can be induced
by using 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG) initiators in CH2Cl2 at 25 °C, rapidly producing well-defined polysarcosine
polymers with controlled molecular weights (Mn = 1.9–37 kg/mol) and narrow molecular weight distributions
(Đ = 1.01–1.12). The reaction exhibits
characteristics of a living polymerization, evidenced by pseudo-first-order
polymerization kinetics, the linear increase of polymer molecular
weight (Mn) with conversion, and the successful
chain extension experiments. The polymerization is proposed to proceed
via propagating macro-zwitterions bearing a cationic 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium
and an anionic thiocarbamate chain end. The TMG not only initiates
the polymerization but also serves to stabilize the thiocarbamate
chain end where the monomer addition occurs. Because of the enhanced
hydrolytic stability of Me-NNTA, the polymerization can be conducted
without the rigorous exclusion of moisture, further enhancing the
appeal of the method to access well-defined polysarcosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Siefker
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Brandon A. Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Ju-Woo Nho
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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11
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Brandi F, Al‐Naji M. Sustainable Sorbitol Dehydration to Isosorbide using Solid Acid Catalysts: Transition from Batch Reactor to Continuous-Flow System. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102525. [PMID: 34931452 PMCID: PMC9305242 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Isosorbide is one of the most interesting cellulosic-derived molecules with great potential to be implemented in wide range of products that shaping our daily life. This Review describes the recent developments in the production of isosorbide from sorbitol in batch and continuous-flow systems under hydrothermal conditions using solid acid catalysts. Moreover, the current hurdles and challenges regarding the synthesis of isosorbide from cellulosic biomass in continuous-flow process using solid acid catalysts are summarized, as well as the scaling-up of this process into pilot level, which will lead to an established industrial process with high sustainability metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Brandi
- Department of Colloid ChemistryMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Majd Al‐Naji
- Department of Colloid ChemistryMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
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12
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Haque FM, Ishibashi JSA, Lidston CAL, Shao H, Bates FS, Chang AB, Coates GW, Cramer CJ, Dauenhauer PJ, Dichtel WR, Ellison CJ, Gormong EA, Hamachi LS, Hoye TR, Jin M, Kalow JA, Kim HJ, Kumar G, LaSalle CJ, Liffland S, Lipinski BM, Pang Y, Parveen R, Peng X, Popowski Y, Prebihalo EA, Reddi Y, Reineke TM, Sheppard DT, Swartz JL, Tolman WB, Vlaisavljevich B, Wissinger J, Xu S, Hillmyer MA. Defining the Macromolecules of Tomorrow through Synergistic Sustainable Polymer Research. Chem Rev 2022; 122:6322-6373. [PMID: 35133803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Transforming how plastics are made, unmade, and remade through innovative research and diverse partnerships that together foster environmental stewardship is critically important to a sustainable future. Designing, preparing, and implementing polymers derived from renewable resources for a wide range of advanced applications that promote future economic development, energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability are all central to these efforts. In this Chemical Reviews contribution, we take a comprehensive, integrated approach to summarize important and impactful contributions to this broad research arena. The Review highlights signature accomplishments across a broad research portfolio and is organized into four wide-ranging research themes that address the topic in a comprehensive manner: Feedstocks, Polymerization Processes and Techniques, Intended Use, and End of Use. We emphasize those successes that benefitted from collaborative engagements across disciplinary lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farihah M Haque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jacob S A Ishibashi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Claire A L Lidston
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1801, United States
| | - Huiling Shao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Frank S Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Alice B Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Geoffrey W Coates
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1801, United States
| | - Christopher J Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Paul J Dauenhauer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - William R Dichtel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher J Ellison
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ethan A Gormong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Leslie S Hamachi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Mengyuan Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hee Joong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christopher J LaSalle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Stephanie Liffland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Bryce M Lipinski
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1801, United States
| | - Yutong Pang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Riffat Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
| | - Xiayu Peng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yanay Popowski
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
| | - Emily A Prebihalo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yernaidu Reddi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Daylan T Sheppard
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jeremy L Swartz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William B Tolman
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
| | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
| | - Jane Wissinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Shu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Marc A Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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13
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Dutta S, Bhat NS. Chemocatalytic value addition of glucose without carbon-carbon bond cleavage/formation reactions: an overview. RSC Adv 2022; 12:4891-4912. [PMID: 35425469 PMCID: PMC8981328 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09196d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
As the monomeric unit of the abundant biopolymer cellulose, glucose is considered a sustainable feedstock for producing carbon-based transportation fuels, chemicals, and polymers. The chemocatalytic value addition of glucose can be broadly classified into those involving C-C bond cleavage/formation reactions and those without. The C6 products obtained from glucose are particularly satisfying because their syntheses enjoy a 100% carbon economy. Although multiple derivatives of glucose retaining all six carbon atoms in their moiety are well-documented, they are somewhat dispersed in the literature and never delineated coherently from the perspective of their carbon skeleton. The glucose-derived chemical intermediates discussed in this review include polyols like sorbitol and sorbitan, diols like isosorbide, furanic compounds like 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, and carboxylic acids like gluconic acid. Recent advances in producing the intermediates mentioned above from glucose following chemocatalytic routes have been elaborated, and their derivative chemistry highlighted. This review aims to comprehensively understand the prospects and challenges associated with the catalytic synthesis of C6 molecules from glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK) Surathkal Mangalore-575025 Karnataka India
| | - Navya Subray Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK) Surathkal Mangalore-575025 Karnataka India
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14
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Stubbs C, Worch JC, Prydderch H, Wang Z, Mathers RT, Dobrynin AV, Becker ML, Dove AP. Sugar-Based Polymers with Stereochemistry-Dependent Degradability and Mechanical Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1243-1250. [PMID: 35029980 PMCID: PMC8796236 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stereochemistry in polymers can be used as an effective tool to control the mechanical and physical properties of the resulting materials. Typically, though, in synthetic polymers, differences among polymer stereoisomers leads to incremental property variation, i.e., no changes to the baseline plastic or elastic behavior. Here we show that stereochemical differences in sugar-based monomers yield a family of nonsegmented, alternating polyurethanes that can be either strong amorphous thermoplastic elastomers with properties that exceed most cross-linked rubbers or robust, semicrystalline thermoplastics with properties comparable to commercial plastics. The stereochemical differences in the monomers direct distinct intra- and interchain supramolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions in the bulk materials to define their behavior. The chemical similarity among these isohexide-based polymers enables both statistical copolymerization and blending, which each afford independent control over degradability and mechanical properties. The modular molecular design of the polymers provides an opportunity to create a family of materials with divergent properties that possess inherently built degradability and outstanding mechanical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor
J. Stubbs
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Joshua C. Worch
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Hannah Prydderch
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Zilu Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina−Chapel
Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Robert T. Mathers
- Department
of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington, Pennsylvania 15068, United States
| | - Andrey V. Dobrynin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina−Chapel
Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Department
of Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Biomedical
Engineering and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke
University, Durham, North Carolina 20899, United States
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
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15
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Fang W, Xu F, Zhang Y, Wang H, Zhang Z, Yang Z, Wang W, He H, Luo Y. Acylamido-based anion-functionalized ionic liquids for efficient synthesis of poly(isosorbide carbonate). Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01824h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic system containing an acylamido-based anion was developed for the synthesis of bio-based polycarbonate by efficient activation of monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fei Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Heng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhencai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongyan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yunjun Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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16
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Porwal MK, Reddi Y, Saxon DJ, Cramer CJ, Ellison CJ, Reineke TM. Stereoregular Functionalized Polysaccharides via Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Biomass-derived Levoglucosan. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4512-4522. [PMID: 35656133 PMCID: PMC9019921 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00146b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the facile synthesis and characterization of 1,6-α linked functional stereoregular polysaccharides from biomass-derived levoglucosan via cationic ring-opening polymerization (cROP). Levoglucosan is a bicyclic acetal with rich hydroxyl functionality, which can be synthetically modified to install a variety of pendant groups for tailored properties. We have employed biocompatible and recyclable metal triflate catalysts – scandium and bismuth triflate – for green cROP of levoglucosan derivatives, even at very low catalyst loadings of 0.5 mol%. Combined experimental and computational studies provided key kinetic, thermodynamic, and mechanistic insights into the cROP of these derivatives with metal triflates. Computational studies reveal that ring-opening of levoglucosan derivatives is preferred at the 1,6 anhydro linkage and cROP proceeds in a regio- and stereo-specific manner to form 1,6-α glycosidic linkages. DFT calculations also show that biocompatible metal triflates efficiently coordinate with levoglucosan derivatives as compared to the highly toxic PF5 used previously. Post-polymerization modification of levoglucosan-based polysaccharides is readily performed via UV-initiated thiol–ene click reactions. The reported levoglucosan based polymers exhibit good thermal stability (Td > 250 °C) and a wide glass transition temperature (Tg) window (<−150 °C to 32 °C) that is accessible with thioglycerol and lauryl mercaptan pendant groups. This work demonstrates the utility of levoglucosan as a renewably-derived scaffold, enabling facile access to tailored polysaccharides that could be important in many applications ranging from sustainable materials to biologically active polymers. We demonstrate the facile synthesis and characterization of stereoregular polysaccharides from the biomass-derived platform molecule levoglucosan via metal-triflate mediated cationic-ring opening polymerization.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri K Porwal
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Yernaidu Reddi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Derek J Saxon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Christopher J Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
- Underwriters Laboratories Inc. 333 Pfingsten Rd. Northbrook Illinois 60620 USA
| | - Christopher J Ellison
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
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17
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Gandini A, M. Lacerda T. Monomers and Macromolecular Materials from Renewable Resources: State of the Art and Perspectives. Molecules 2021; 27:159. [PMID: 35011391 PMCID: PMC8746301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A progressively increasing concern about the environmental impacts of the whole polymer industry has boosted the design of less aggressive technologies that allow for the maximum use of carbon atoms, and reduced dependence on the fossil platform. Progresses related to the former approach are mostly based on the concept of the circular economy, which aims at a thorough use of raw materials, from production to disposal. The latter, however, has been considered a priority nowadays, as short-term biological processes can efficiently provide a myriad of chemicals for the polymer industry. Polymers from renewable resources are widely established in research and technology facilities from all over the world, and a broader consolidation of such materials is expected in a near future. Herein, an up-to-date overview of the most recent and relevant contributions dedicated to the production of monomers and polymers from biomass is presented. We provide some basic issues related to the preparation of polymers from renewable resources to discuss ongoing strategies that can be used to achieve original polymers and systems thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gandini
- Graduate School of Engineering in Paper, Print Media and Biomaterials (Grenoble INP-Pagora), University Grenoble Alpes, LGP2, CEDEX 9, 38402 Saint Martin d’Hères, France
| | - Talita M. Lacerda
- Biotechnology Department, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Lorena CEP 12602-810, SP, Brazil;
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18
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Zullo V, Iuliano A, Petri A. An Efficient and Practical Chemoenzymatic Route to (3R,3aR,6R,6aR)-Hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-6-amino-3-ol (6-Aminoisomannide) from Renewable Sources. SYNOPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1532-5825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe synthesis of 6-aminoisomannide is easily achieved starting from the renewable, inexpensive, and commercially available isosorbide in 66% overall yield. A biocatalyzed highly regioselective acetylation of the 3-endo hydroxyl group of isosorbide was followed by the stereospecific interconversion of the 6-exo hydroxyl group into an azido group, through reaction with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride, followed by nucleophilic displacement of the triflate group by sodium azide. Finally, reduction of the azido group and deacetylation of the 3-hydroxy group were performed in one pot using LiAlH4.
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19
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20
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Saxon DJ, Gormong EA, Shah VM, Reineke TM. Rapid Synthesis of Chemically Recyclable Polycarbonates from Renewable Feedstocks. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:98-103. [PMID: 35548994 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report the rapid, one-pot synthesis of functional polycarbonates derived from renewable alcohols (i.e., glucose tetraacetate, acetyl isosorbide, lauryl alcohol, and ethanol) and a cyclic carbonate bearing an imidazolecarboxylate. This tandem functionalization/ring-opening polymerization strategy can be performed on multigram scale and eliminates the need for rigorous purification and specialized equipment. A wide range of glass transition temperatures (Tg) was accessible from these renewable pendant groups (>75 °C Tg window). We also synthesized several statistical copolycarbonates to show the thermal properties can be tailored with this tandem method. Additionally, we demonstrate a circular polymer economy via chemical recycling to a cyclic carbonate precursor. This work may facilitate development of sustainable polycarbonates with tailored properties that work toward eliminating plastic waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J. Saxon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ethan A. Gormong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Vijay M. Shah
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M. Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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21
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Wang TW, Golder MR. Advancing macromolecular hoop construction: recent developments in synthetic cyclic polymer chemistry. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01655a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic methodology to access cyclic macromolecules continues to develop via two distinct mechanistic classes: ring-expansion of macrocyclic initiators and ring-closure of functionalized linear polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Washington
- Seattle
- USA
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22
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Matt L, Liblikas I, Bonjour O, Jannasch P, Vares L. Synthesis and anionic polymerization of isosorbide mono-epoxides for linear biobased polyethers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00687h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Different regioisomeric and diastereomeric isosorbide mono-epoxides are prepared and polymerized to thermally stable and relatively rigid biobased linear polyethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Matt
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Ilme Liblikas
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Olivier Bonjour
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Patric Jannasch
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Lauri Vares
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
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23
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Li C, Zhang Z, Yang Z, Fang W, An H, Li T, Xu F. Synthesis of bio-based poly(oligoethylene glycols-co-isosorbide carbonate)s with high molecular weight and enhanced mechanical properties via ionic liquid catalyst. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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24
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Geminal Dimethyl Substitution Enables Controlled Polymerization of Penicillamine-Derived β-Thiolactones and Reversed Depolymerization. Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Xu G, Mahmood Q, Lv C, Yang R, Zhou L, Wang Q. Asymmetric kinetic resolution polymerization. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Basterretxea A, Lopez de Pariza X, Gabirondo E, Marina S, Martin J, Etxeberria A, Mecerreyes D, Sardon H. Synthesis and Characterization of Fully Biobased Copolyether Polyols. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andere Basterretxea
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San, Sebastian, Spain
| | - Xabier Lopez de Pariza
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San, Sebastian, Spain
| | - Elena Gabirondo
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San, Sebastian, Spain
| | - Sara Marina
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San, Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jaime Martin
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San, Sebastian, Spain
| | - Agustin Etxeberria
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San, Sebastian, Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San, Sebastian, Spain
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San, Sebastian, Spain
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27
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O’Dea RM, Willie JA, Epps TH. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Polymers from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Current Challenges and Future Opportunities. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:476-493. [PMID: 35648496 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable polymers from lignocellulosic biomass have the potential to reduce the environmental impact of commercial plastics while also offering significant performance and cost benefits relative to petrochemical-derived macromolecules. However, most currently available biobased polymers are hampered by insufficient thermomechanical properties, low economic feasibility (e.g., high relative cost), and reduced scalability in comparison to petroleum-based incumbents. Future biobased materials must overcome these limitations to be competitive in the marketplace. Additionally, sustainability challenges at the beginning and end of the polymer lifecycle need to be addressed using green chemistry practices and improved end-of-life waste management strategies. This viewpoint provides an overview of recent developments that can mitigate many concerns with present materials and discusses key aspects of next-generation, biobased polymers derived from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. O’Dea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jordan A. Willie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Thomas H. Epps
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Center for Research in Soft matter and Polymers (CRiSP), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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28
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29
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Zhang M, Tu Y, Zhou Z, Wu G. Balancing the transesterification reactivity of isosorbide with diphenyl carbonate: preferential activation of exo-OH. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00764a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Exo-OH on ISB has long been asserted as a highly reactive moiety compared with endo-OH. Herein, we report that the nucleophilic attack surmounts steric hindrance in rendering endo-OH more reactive than exo-OH in case of transesterification with DPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- East China University of Science & Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yifei Tu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- East China University of Science & Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Zibo Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- East China University of Science & Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Guozhang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- East China University of Science & Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
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30
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Debsharma T, Yagci Y, Schlaad H. Cellulose-Derived Functional Polyacetal by Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Levoglucosenyl Methyl Ether. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18492-18495. [PMID: 31509324 PMCID: PMC6916336 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The unsaturated bicyclic acetal levoglucosenyl methyl ether was readily obtained from sustainable feedstock (cellulose) and polymerized by cationic ring-opening polymerization to produce a semicrystalline thermoplastic unsaturated polyacetal with relatively high apparent molar mass (up to ca. 36 kg mol-1 ) and decent dispersity (ca. 1.4). The double bonds along the chain can undergo hydrogenation and thiol-ene reactions as well as crosslinking, thus making this polyacetal potentially interesting as a reactive functional material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Debsharma
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of PotsdamKarl-Liebknecht-Straße 24–2514476PotsdamGermany
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of ChemistryIstanbul Technical UniversityMaslak34469IstanbulTurkey
| | - Helmut Schlaad
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of PotsdamKarl-Liebknecht-Straße 24–2514476PotsdamGermany
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31
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Yuan D, Li L, Li F, Wang Y, Wang F, Zhao N, Xiao F. Solvent-Free Production of Isosorbide from Sorbitol Catalyzed by a Polymeric Solid Acid. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:4986-4995. [PMID: 31475463 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of polymeric solid acid catalysts (PDSF-x) is prepared by grafting strong electron-withdrawing groups (-SO2 CF3 ) on a sulfonic acid-modified polydivinylbenzene (PDS) precursor synthesized hydrothermally. The effect of acid strength on sorbitol dehydration is investigated. The textural properties, acidity, and hydrophobicity are characterized by using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, elemental analysis, and contact angle tests. The results of FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that both -SO3 H and -SO2 CF3 are grafted onto the polymer network. We used solid-state 31 P NMR spectroscopy to show that the acid strength of PDSF-x is enhanced significantly compared with that of PDS, especially for PDSF-0.05. As a result, PDSF-0.05 exhibits the highest isosorbide yield up to 80 %, a good turnover frequency of 231.5 h-1 (compared to other catalysts), and excellent cyclic stability, which is attributed to its large specific surface area, appropriate acid strength, hydrophobicity, and stable framework structure. In addition, a plausible reaction pathway and kinetic analysis are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P.R. China
| | - Fukui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P.R. China
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Pang C, Jiang X, Yu Y, Chen L, Ma J, Gao H. Copolymerization of Natural Camphor-Derived Rigid Diol with Various Dicarboxylic Acids: Access to Biobased Polyesters with Various Properties. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1442-1448. [PMID: 35651189 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, alicyclic (1R,3S)-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane-1,3-dimethanol (TCDM), derived from natural camphor, was copolymerized with linear α,ω-diacids, terephthalic acid (TPA), and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), affording a series of polyesters with functional properties. 2D NMR spectroscopy revealed that the stereoconfiguration of TCDM was preserved after polymerization. The TCDM polyester based on TPA showed high thermostability, high Tg value (115 °C), high modulus (1.3 GPa), and high ultimate strength (29.8 MPa). The TCDM polyester based on 1,4-succinic acid exhibited excellent ductility and resilience. Lastly, the rigidity analysis based on van Krevelen's group contribution method, coupled with the comparisons between TCDM- and sugar-based polyesters, confirmed that TCDM is a highly reactive and rigid diol. Results indicate that TCDM polyesters are suitable for a wide range of applications, including hot-filled containers and transparent packaging materials. This work addresses some critical needs for high performance biopolymers such as achieving high Tg values, high thermostability, and high transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcai Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin University of Technology, Binshui West Road 391, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xueshuang Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin University of Technology, Binshui West Road 391, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin University of Technology, Binshui West Road 391, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin University of Technology, Binshui West Road 391, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jianbiao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin University of Technology, Binshui West Road 391, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Hui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin University of Technology, Binshui West Road 391, Tianjin 300384, China
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33
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Debsharma T, Yagci Y, Schlaad H. Cellulose‐Derived Functional Polyacetal by Cationic Ring‐Opening Polymerization of Levoglucosenyl Methyl Ether. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Debsharma
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24–25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of ChemistryIstanbul Technical University Maslak 34469 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Helmut Schlaad
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24–25 14476 Potsdam Germany
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34
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Liu Y, Jia Y, Wu Q, Moore JS. Architecture-Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization for Dynamic Covalent Poly(disulfide)s. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17075-17080. [PMID: 31603692 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A strategy is reported for controlling the architecture of poly(disulfide)s by ring-opening polymerization. Aryl thiol initiators shift the ring-chain equilibrium to yield cyclic polymers, while alkyl thiols favor linear ones. Control over polymerization enables synthesis of large polymers (630 kDa) and catalytic depolymerization to recycle monomers. This work provides a new avenue to create dynamic covalent polymers with controlled geometry and length, allowing better characterization of structure-property relationships to expand their materials potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Yuan Jia
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
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35
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Ardagh MA, Birol T, Zhang Q, Abdelrahman OA, Dauenhauer PJ. Catalytic resonance theory: superVolcanoes, catalytic molecular pumps, and oscillatory steady state. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01543d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic reactions on surfaces with forced oscillations in physical or electronic properties undergo controlled acceleration consistent with the selected parameters of frequency, amplitude, and external stimulus waveform.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Alexander Ardagh
- University of Minnesota
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Minneapolis
- USA
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation
| | - Turan Birol
- University of Minnesota
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- University of Minnesota
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Omar A. Abdelrahman
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation
- University of Delaware
- Newark
- USA
- University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | - Paul J. Dauenhauer
- University of Minnesota
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Minneapolis
- USA
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation
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36
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Kieber RJ, Ozkardes C, Sanchez N, Kennemur JG. Cationic copolymerization of isosorbide towards value-added poly(vinyl ethers). Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00590k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biomass-derived isosorbide (IS) was converted into a mono-glycal (i.e. vinyl ether) derivative (Gly-IS) to investigate its efficacy for cationic polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Kieber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | - Cuneyt Ozkardes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | - Natalie Sanchez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | - Justin G. Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
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