1
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Yuan Y, Wang DD, Zhang Z, Bang KT, Wang R, Chen H, Wang Y, Kim Y. Charge-Delocalized Triptycene-Based Ionic Porous Organic Polymers as Quasi-Solid-State Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39137352 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c10123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Ideal solid electrolytes for lithium (Li) metal batteries should conduct Li+ rapidly with low activation energy, exhibit a high Li+ transference number, form a stable interface with the Li anode, and be electrochemically stable. However, the lack of solid electrolytes that meet all of these criteria has remained a considerable bottleneck in the advancement of lithium metal batteries. In this study, we present a design strategy combining all of those requirements in a balanced manner to realize quasi-solid-state electrolyte-enabled Li metal batteries (LMBs). We prepared Li+-coordinated triptycene-based ionic porous organic polymers (Li+@iPOPs). The Li+@iPOPs with imidazolates and phenoxides exhibited a high conductivity of 4.38 mS cm-1 at room temperature, a low activation energy of 0.627 eV, a high Li+ transference number of 0.95, a stable electrochemical window of up to 4.4 V, excellent compatibility with Li metal electrodes, and high stability during Li deposition/stripping cycles. The high performance is attributed to charge delocalization in the backbone, mimicking the concept of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), which facilitates the diffusion of coordinated Li+ through the porous space of the triptycene-based iPOPs. In addition, Li metal batteries assembled using Li+@Trp-Im-O-POPs as quasi-solid-state electrolytes and a LiFePO4 cathode showed an initial capacity of 114 mAh g-1 and 86.7% retention up to 200 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dan-Dong Wang
- University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyang Zhang
- University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yanming Wang
- University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2
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Liu Q, Tang T, Tian Z, Ding S, Wang L, Chen D, Wang Z, Zheng W, Lee H, Lu X, Miao X, Liu L, Sun L. A high-performance watermelon skin ion-solvating membrane for electrochemical CO 2 reduction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6722. [PMID: 39112472 PMCID: PMC11306604 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Ion-solvating membranes have been gaining increasing attention as core components of electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices. However, the development of ion-solvating membranes with low ion resistance and high ion selectivity still poses challenges. In order to propose an effective strategy for high-performance ion-solvating membranes, this study conducted a comprehensive investigation on watermelon skin membranes through a combination of experimental research and molecular dynamics simulation. The micropores and continuous hydrogen-bonding networks constructed by the synergistic effect of cellulose fiber and pectin enable the hypodermis of watermelon skin membranes to have a high ion conductivity of 282.3 mS cm-1 (room temperature, saturated with 1 M KOH). The negatively charged groups and hydroxyl groups on the microporous channels increase the formate penetration resistance of watermelon skin membranes in contrast to commercially available membranes, and this is crucial for CO2 electroreduction. Therefore, the confinement of proton donors and negatively charged groups within three-dimensional microporous polymers gives inspiration for the design of high-performance ion-solvating membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglu Liu
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tang Tang
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ziyu Tian
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shiwen Ding
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Linqin Wang
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dexin Chen
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wentao Zheng
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Husileng Lee
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Xiaohe Miao
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Physical Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Physical Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Licheng Sun
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China.
- School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Division of Solar Energy Conversion and Catalysis at Westlake University, Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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3
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Lim H, Han GH, Lee DH, Shin G, Choi J, Ahn SH, Park T. Fluorine-Containing Poly(Fluorene)-Based Anion Exchange Membrane with High Hydroxide Conductivity and Physicochemical Stability for Water Electrolysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2400031. [PMID: 38497894 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Improving the hydroxide conductivity and dimensional stability of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) while retaining their high alkaline stability is necessary to realize the commercialization of AEM water electrolysis (AEMWE). A strategy for improving the hydroxide conductivity and dimensional stability of AEMs by inserting fluorine atoms in the core structure of the backbone is reported, which not only reduces the glass transition temperature of the polymer due to steric strain, but also induces distinct phase separation by inducing polarity discrimination to facilitate the formation of ion transport channels. The resulting PFPFTP-QA AEM with fluorine into the core structure shows high hydroxide conductivity (>159 mS cm-1 at 80 °C), favorable dimensional stability (>25% at 80 °C), and excellent alkaline stability for 1000 h in 2 m KOH solution at 80 °C. Moreover, the PFPFTP-QA is used to construct an AEMWE cell with a platinum group metal (PGM)-free NiFe anode, which exhibits the current density of 6.86 A cm-2 at 1.9 V at 80 °C, the highest performance in Pt/C cathode and PGM-free anode reports so far and operates stably for over 100 h at a constant current of 0.5 A cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeryang Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Ho Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Giwon Shin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyuk Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Ahn
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Taiho Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
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4
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Tao R, Shao M, Kim Y. Polyarylene-Based Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401208. [PMID: 38953321 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) is an emerging and promising technology that can help realize a carbon-neutral, sustainable economy. Also, compared to the proton exchange membrane counterpart, AEMFC can achieve comparable cell outputs with lower costs due to the applicability of non-platinum group metal electrocatalysts for the reaction on the electrodes' surfaces. However, the wide application of the AEMFCs has been impeded by the unsatisfactory stability and performance of the hydroxide-conductive membranes in the past. Recently researchers have made breakthroughs using polyarylene (PA)-based AEMs. This article summarizes the recent advances of a class of AEMs with aromatic backbone without ether bonds, mainly synthesized by Friedel-Crafts polycondensation. Such PA-based AEMs showed high chemical/mechanical stabilities and ionic conductivity, and even the fuel cell with those AEMs showed impressive peak power density of up to 2.58 W cm-2. In this concept article, we classify major strategies for making PA-based AEMs to show the recent trends, highlight synthesis, characterization, and properties, and provide a brief outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Tao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- CIAC-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Watery Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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5
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Ling Q, Wang C, Wang T, Yang S, Li X, Wei H, Ding Y. Beyond Small Molecular Cations: Elucidating the Alkaline Stability of Cationic Moieties at the Membrane Scale. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301656. [PMID: 38102888 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
A major hindrance in the commercialization of alkaline polyelectrolyte-based electrochemical energy conversion devices is the development of durable anion exchange membranes (AEMs). Despite many alkali-stable cations that have been explored, the stability of these cationic moieties at the membrane scale is in the blind. Herein, we present a molecularly designed polyaromatic AEM with cationic moieties in an alternating manner to unbiasedly compare the alkaline stability of piperidinium and ammonium groups at the membrane state. Using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the pentyltrimethyl group is about 2-fold more stable than piperidinium within a polyaromatic scaffold, either in ex-situ alkaline soaking or in-situ cell operation. This finding challenges the judgment extrapolated from the stability trend of cations, that is, the piperidinium-functionalized AEM is more alkali-stable than the counterparts based on quaternary ammoniums. Moreover, the deterioration mechanism of piperidinium moiety after being embedded in polyaromatic backbone is rationalized by density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjun Ling
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Shanzhong Yang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xueliang Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Haibing Wei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yunsheng Ding
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
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6
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Kong Y, Lyu B, Fan C, Yang Y, Wang X, Shi B, Jiang J, Wu H, Jiang Z. Manipulation of Cationic Group Density in Covalent Organic Framework Membranes for Efficient Anion Transport. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27984-27992. [PMID: 38100046 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Anion exchange membranes with high anion conductivity are highly desired for electrochemical applications. Increasing ion exchange capacity is a straightforward approach to enhancing anion conductivity but faces a challenge in dimensional stability. Herein, we report the design and preparation of three kinds of isoreticular covalent organic framework (COF) membranes bearing tunable quaternary ammonium group densities as anion conductors. Therein, the cationic groups are integrated into the backbones by flexible ether-bonded alkyl side chains. The highly quaternary ammonium-group-functionalized building units endow COF membranes with abundant cationic groups homogeneously distributed in the ordered channels. The flexible side chains alleviate electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance caused by large cationic groups, ensuring a tight interlayer stacking and multiple interactions. As a result, our COF membranes achieve a high ion exchange capacity and exceptional dimensional stability simultaneously. Furthermore, the effect of the ionic group density on the ion conductivity in rigid COF channels is systematically explored. Experiments and simulations reveal that the ionic group concentration and side chain mobility jointly determine the ion transport behavior, resulting in the abnormal phenomenon that the anion conductivity is not positively correlated to the ionic group density. The optimal COF membrane achieves the ever-reported highest hydroxide ion conductivity over 300 mS cm-1 at 80 °C and 100% RH. This study offers insightful guidelines on the rational design and preparation of high-performance anion conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Kong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Bohui Lyu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576 Singapore
| | - Chunyang Fan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Benbing Shi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jianwen Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576 Singapore
| | - Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
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7
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Chen H, Bang KT, Tian Y, Hu C, Tao R, Yuan Y, Wang R, Shin DM, Shao M, Lee YM, Kim Y. Poly(Ethylene Piperidinium)s for Anion Exchange Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307690. [PMID: 37524652 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The lack of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) that possess both high hydroxide conductivity and stable mechanical and chemical properties poses a major challenge to the development of high-performance fuel cells. Improving one side of the balance between conductivity and stability usually means sacrificing the other. Herein, we used facile, high-yield chemical reactions to design and synthesize a piperidinium polymer with a polyethylene backbone for AEM fuel cell applications. To improve the performance, we introduced ionic crosslinking into high-cationic-ratio AEMs to suppress high water uptake and swelling while further improving the hydroxide conductivity. Remarkably, PEP80-20PS achieved a hydroxide conductivity of 354.3 mS cm-1 at 80 °C while remaining mechanically stable. Compared with the base polymer PEP80, the water uptake of PEP80-20PS decreased by 69 % from 813 % to 350 %, and the swelling decreased substantially by 85 % from 350.0 % to 50.2 % at 80 °C. PEP80-20PS also showed excellent alkaline stability, 84.7 % remained after 35 days of treatment with an aqueous KOH solution. The chemical design in this study represents a significant advancement toward the development of simultaneously highly stable and conductive AEMs for fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chuan Hu
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yufei Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dong-Myeong Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
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8
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Song W, Zhang X, Yang C, Yang Z, Wu L, Ge X, Xu T. Alkaline Membranes toward Electrochemical Energy Devices: Recent Development and Future Perspectives. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1538-1557. [PMID: 37637731 PMCID: PMC10450879 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) that can selectively transport OH-, namely, alkaline membranes, are becoming increasingly crucial in a variety of electrochemical energy devices. Understanding the membrane design approaches can help to break through the constraints of undesired performance and lab-scale production. In this Outlook, the research progress of alkaline membranes in terms of backbone structures, synthesis methods, and related applications is organized and discussed. The evaluation of synthesis methods and description of membrane stability enhancement strategies provide valuable insights for structural design. Finally, to accelerate the deployment of relevant technologies in alkaline media, the future priority of alkaline membranes that needs to be addressed is presented from the perspective of science and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjie Song
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and
Material Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and
Material Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Cui Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and
Material Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Zhengjin Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and
Material Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Liang Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and
Material Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Ge
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and
Material Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Tongwen Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and
Material Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
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9
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Aili D, Kraglund MR, Rajappan SC, Serhiichuk D, Xia Y, Deimede V, Kallitsis J, Bae C, Jannasch P, Henkensmeier D, Jensen JO. Electrode Separators for the Next-Generation Alkaline Water Electrolyzers. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2023; 8:1900-1910. [PMID: 37090167 PMCID: PMC10111418 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Multi-gigawatt-scale hydrogen production by water electrolysis is central in the green transition when it comes to storage of energy and forming the basis for sustainable fuels and materials. Alkaline water electrolysis plays a key role in this context, as the scale of implementation is not limited by the availability of scarce and expensive raw materials. Even though it is a mature technology, the new technological context of the renewable energy system demands more from the systems in terms of higher energy efficiency, enhanced rate capability, as well as dynamic, part-load, and differential pressure operation capability. New electrode separators that can support high currents at small ohmic losses, while effectively suppressing gas crossover, are essential to achieving this. This Focus Review compares the three main development paths that are currently being pursued in the field with the aim to identify the advantages and drawbacks of the different approaches in order to illuminate rational ways forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aili
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Rykær Kraglund
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sinu C. Rajappan
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Dmytro Serhiichuk
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yifan Xia
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Valadoula Deimede
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Joannis Kallitsis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Chulsung Bae
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Patric Jannasch
- Polymer
& Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Dirk Henkensmeier
- Hydrogen·Fuel
Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of
Science andTechnology, Seoul 02792, Republic
of Korea
- Division
of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Green School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic
of Korea
| | - Jens Oluf Jensen
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark, Elektrovej, Building 375, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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10
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Clemens AL, Jayathilake BS, Karnes JJ, Schwartz JJ, Baker SE, Duoss EB, Oakdale JS. Tuning Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes through Crosslinking: A Review of Synthetic Strategies and Property Relationships. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061534. [PMID: 36987313 PMCID: PMC10051716 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkaline anion exchange membranes (AAEMs) are an enabling component for next-generation electrochemical devices, including alkaline fuel cells, water and CO2 electrolyzers, and flow batteries. While commercial systems, notably fuel cells, have traditionally relied on proton-exchange membranes, hydroxide-ion conducting AAEMs hold promise as a method to reduce cost-per-device by enabling the use of non-platinum group electrodes and cell components. AAEMs have undergone significant material development over the past two decades; however, challenges remain in the areas of durability, water management, high temperature performance, and selectivity. In this review, we survey crosslinking as a tool capable of tuning AAEM properties. While crosslinking implementations vary, they generally result in reduced water uptake and increased transport selectivity and alkaline stability. We survey synthetic methodologies for incorporating crosslinks during AAEM fabrication and highlight necessary precautions for each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auston L. Clemens
- Materials Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
- Correspondence: (A.L.C.); (J.S.O.)
| | | | - John J. Karnes
- Materials Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Johanna J. Schwartz
- Materials Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Sarah E. Baker
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Eric B. Duoss
- Materials Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - James S. Oakdale
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
- Correspondence: (A.L.C.); (J.S.O.)
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11
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Cao D, Sun X, Gao H, Pan L, Li N, Li Y. Crosslinked Polynorbornene-Based Anion Exchange Membranes with Perfluorinated Branch Chains. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051073. [PMID: 36904314 PMCID: PMC10007585 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of perfluorinated substituent on the properties of anion exchange membranes (AEMs), cross-linked polynorbornene-based AEMs with perfluorinated branch chains were prepared via ring opening metathesis polymerization, subsequent crosslinking reaction, and quaternization. The crosslinking structure enables the resultant AEMs (CFnB) to exhibit a low swelling ratio, high toughness, and high water uptake, simultaneously. In addition, benefiting from the ion gathering and side chain microphase separation caused by their flexible backbone and perfluorinated branch chain, these AEMs had high hydroxide conductivity up to 106.9 mS cm-1 at 80 °C even at low ion content (IEC < 1.6 meq g-1). This work provides a new approach to achieve improved ion conductivity at low ion content by introducing the perfluorinated branch chains and puts forward a referable way to prepare AEMs with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafu Cao
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Huan Gao
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Li Pan
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Nanwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
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12
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Wu X, Chen N, Hu C, Klok HA, Lee YM, Hu X. Fluorinated Poly(aryl piperidinium) Membranes for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2210432. [PMID: 36642967 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Anion-exchange-membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) are a cost-effective alternative to proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The development of high-performance and durable AEMFCs requires highly conductive and robust anion-exchange membranes (AEMs). However, AEMs generally exhibit a trade-off between conductivity and dimensional stability. Here, a fluorination strategy to create a phase-separated morphological structure in poly(aryl piperidinium) AEMs is reported. The highly hydrophobic perfluoroalkyl side chains augment phase separation to construct interconnected hydrophilic channels for anion transport. As a result, these fluorinated PAP (FPAP) AEMs simultaneously possess high conductivity (>150 mS cm-1 at 80 °C) and high dimensional stability (swelling ratio <20% at 80 °C), excellent mechanical properties (tensile strength >80 MPa and elongation at break >40%) and chemical stability (>2000 h in 3 m KOH at 80 °C). AEMFCs with a non-precious Co-Mn spinel cathode using the present FPAP AEMs achieve an outstanding peak power density of 1.31 W cm-2 . The AEMs remain stable over 500 h of fuel cell operation at a constant current density of 0.2 A cm-2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Wu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis (LSCI), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Nanjun Chen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis (LSCI), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Chuan Hu
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Laboratoire des Polymères, Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis (LSCI), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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13
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Investigation on flexible and thermally crosslinked bis-piperidinium-PPO anion exchange membrane (AEM) for electro-kinetic desalination and acid recovery. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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14
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Motoishi Y, Tanaka N, Fujigaya T. Postmodification of highly delocalized cations in an azide-based polymer via copper-catalyzed cycloaddition for anion exchange membranes. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Cao D, Nie F, Liu M, Sun X, Wang B, Wang F, Li N, Wang B, Ma Z, Pan L, Li Y. Crosslinked anion exchange membranes prepared from highly reactive polyethylene and polypropylene intermediates. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Imidazolium structural isomer pyrazolium: A better alkali-stable anion conductor for anion exchange membranes. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Sharma P, Agrawal S, Rathore MS, Shahi VK. Cross-linked anion-exchange membrane with side-chain grafted multi-cationic spacer for electrodialysis: Imparting dual anti-fouling and anti-bacterial characteristics. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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18
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Ge X, Zhang F, Wu L, Yang Z, Xu T. Current Challenges and Perspectives of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Ge
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhengjin Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Tongwen Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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19
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Abstract
![]()
This Review provides an overview
of the emerging concepts of catalysts,
membranes, and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for water electrolyzers
with anion-exchange membranes (AEMs), also known as zero-gap alkaline
water electrolyzers. Much of the recent progress is due to improvements
in materials chemistry, MEA designs, and optimized operation conditions.
Research on anion-exchange polymers (AEPs) has focused on the cationic
head/backbone/side-chain structures and key properties such as ionic
conductivity and alkaline stability. Several approaches, such as cross-linking,
microphase, and organic/inorganic composites, have been proposed to
improve the anion-exchange performance and the chemical and mechanical
stability of AEMs. Numerous AEMs now exceed values of 0.1 S/cm (at
60–80 °C), although the stability specifically at temperatures
exceeding 60 °C needs further enhancement. The oxygen evolution
reaction (OER) is still a limiting factor. An analysis of thin-layer
OER data suggests that NiFe-type catalysts have the highest activity.
There is debate on the active-site mechanism of the NiFe catalysts,
and their long-term stability needs to be understood. Addition of
Co to NiFe increases the conductivity of these catalysts. The same
analysis for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) shows carbon-supported
Pt to be dominating, although PtNi alloys and clusters of Ni(OH)2 on Pt show competitive activities. Recent advances in forming
and embedding well-dispersed Ru nanoparticles on functionalized high-surface-area
carbon supports show promising HER activities. However, the stability
of these catalysts under actual AEMWE operating conditions needs to
be proven. The field is advancing rapidly but could benefit through
the adaptation of new in situ techniques, standardized evaluation
protocols for AEMWE conditions, and innovative catalyst-structure
designs. Nevertheless, single AEM water electrolyzer cells have been
operated for several thousand hours at temperatures and current densities
as high as 60 °C and 1 A/cm2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiying Du
- National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.,Energy, Mining and Environment Research Centre, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Claudie Roy
- Energy, Mining and Environment Research Centre, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.,National Research Council of Canada, 2620 Speakman Drive, Mississauga, Ontario L5K 1B1, Canada
| | - Retha Peach
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Cauerstaße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthew Turnbull
- National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.,Energy, Mining and Environment Research Centre, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Simon Thiele
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Cauerstaße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Bock
- National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.,Energy, Mining and Environment Research Centre, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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20
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Jiang T, Wu C, Zhou Y, Cheng S, Yang S, Wei H, Ding Y, Wu Y. Highly stable poly(p-quaterphenylene alkylene)-based anion exchange membranes. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Wu X, Chen N, Klok H, Lee YM, Hu X. Branched Poly(Aryl Piperidinium) Membranes for Anion‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Wu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis (LSCI) Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC) École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) BCH 3305 Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Nanjun Chen
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 (Republic of Korea
| | - Harm‐Anton Klok
- Laboratoire des Polymères Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Switzerland
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 (Republic of Korea
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis (LSCI) Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC) École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) BCH 3305 Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
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22
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Polynorbornene-based anion exchange membranes with hydrophobic large steric hindrance arylene substituent. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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23
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24
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Wu X, Chen N, Klok HA, Lee YM, Hu X. Branched Poly(Aryl Piperidinium) Membranes for Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114892. [PMID: 34904347 PMCID: PMC9304273 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Anion‐exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) are a promising, next‐generation fuel cell technology. AEMFCs require highly conductive and robust anion‐exchange membranes (AEMs), which are challenging to develop due to the tradeoff between conductivity and water uptake. Here we report a method to prepare high‐molecular‐weight branched poly(aryl piperidinium) AEMs. We show that branching reduces water uptake, leading to improved dimensional stability. The optimized membrane, b‐PTP‐2.5, exhibits simultaneously high OH− conductivity (>145 mS cm−1 at 80 °C), high mechanical strength and dimensional stability, good processability, and excellent alkaline stability (>1500 h) in 1 M KOH at 80 °C. AEMFCs based on b‐PTP‐2.5 reached peak power densities of 2.3 W cm−2 in H2−O2 and 1.3 W cm−2 in H2‐air at 80 °C. The AEMFCs can run stably under a constant current of 0.2 A cm−2 over 500 h, during which the b‐PTP‐2.5 membrane remains stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Wu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis (LSCI), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), BCH 3305, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Nanjun Chen
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Laboratoire des Polymères, Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis (LSCI), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), BCH 3305, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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25
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Xiao F, Wang YC, Wu ZP, Chen G, Yang F, Zhu S, Siddharth K, Kong Z, Lu A, Li JC, Zhong CJ, Zhou ZY, Shao M. Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006292. [PMID: 33749011 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid progress of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells (AMFCs) has boosted the hydrogen economy concept via diverse energy applications in the past decades. For a holistic understanding of the development status of PEMFCs and AMFCs, recent advancements in electrocatalyst design and catalyst layer optimization, along with cell performance in terms of activity and durability in PEMFCs and AMFCs, are summarized here. The activity, stability, and fuel cell performance of different types of electrocatalysts for both oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction are discussed and compared. Research directions on the further development of active, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts to meet the ultimate commercialization of PEMFCs and AMFCs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shangqian Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kumar Siddharth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhijie Kong
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Aolin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Jin-Cheng Li
- Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Chuan-Jian Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Zhi-You Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Energy Institute, and Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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26
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Liang X, Tian Y, Yuan Y, Kim Y. Ionic Covalent Organic Frameworks for Energy Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2105647. [PMID: 34626010 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of porous crystalline materials whose facile preparation, functionality, and modularity have led to their becoming powerful platforms for the development of molecular devices in many fields of (bio)engineering, such as energy storage, environmental remediation, drug delivery, and catalysis. In particular, ionic COFs (iCOFs) are highly useful for constructing energy devices, as their ionic functional groups can transport ions efficiently, and the nonlabile and highly ordered all-covalent pore structures of their backbones provide ideal pathways for long-term ionic transport under harsh electrochemical conditions. Here, current research progress on the use of iCOFs for energy devices, specifically lithium-based batteries and fuel cells, is reviewed in terms of iCOF backbone-design strategies, synthetic approaches, properties, engineering techniques, and applications. iCOFs are categorized as anionic COFs or cationic COFs, and how each of these types of iCOFs transport lithium ions, protons, or hydroxides is illustrated. Finally, the current challenges to and future opportunities for the utilization of iCOFs in energy devices are described. This review will therefore serve as a useful reference on state-of-the-art iCOF design and application strategies focusing on energy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Liang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yufei Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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27
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Liang X, Ge X, He Y, Xu M, Shehzad MA, Sheng F, Bance‐Soualhi R, Zhang J, Yu W, Ge Z, Wei C, Song W, Peng J, Varcoe JR, Wu L, Xu T. 3D-Zipped Interface: In Situ Covalent-Locking for High Performance of Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102637. [PMID: 34636177 PMCID: PMC8596103 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells can generate high power using a potentially green fuel (H2 ) and zero emissions of greenhouse gas (CO2 ). However, significant mass transport resistances in the interface region of the membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), between the membrane and the catalyst layers remains a barrier to achieving MEAs with high power densities and long-term stabilities. Here, a 3D-interfacial zipping concept is presented to overcome this challenge. Vinylbenzyl-terminated bi-cationic quaternary-ammonium-based polyelectrolyte is employed as both the anionomer in the anion-exchange membrane (AEM) and catalyst layers. A quaternary-ammonium-containing covalently locked interface is formed by thermally induced inter-crosslinking of the terminal vinyl groups. Ex situ evaluation of interfacial bonding strength and in situ durability tests demonstrate that this 3D-zipped interface strategy prevents interfacial delamination without any sacrifice of fuel cell performance. A H2 /O2 AEMFC test demonstration shows promisingly high power densities (1.5 W cm-2 at 70 °C with 100% RH and 0.2 MPa backpressure gas feeds), which can retain performances for at least 120 h at a usefully high current density of 0.6 A cm-2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Material EngineeringHuainan Normal UniversityHuainanAnhui232001P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Yubin He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Mai Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Material EngineeringHuainan Normal UniversityHuainanAnhui232001P. R. China
| | - Muhammad A. Shehzad
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Fangmeng Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | | | - Jianjun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Weisheng Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Zijuan Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Chengpeng Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Wanjie Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Jinlan Peng
- The Center for Micro‐ and Nanoscale Research and FabricationUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - John R. Varcoe
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SurreyGuildfordSurreyGU2 7XHUK
| | - Liang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Tongwen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China96 Jinzhai RoadHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
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28
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Chen N, Hu C, Wang HH, Park JH, Kim HM, Lee YM. Chemically & physically stable crosslinked poly(aryl-co-aryl piperidinium)s for anion exchange membrane fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Chen Z, Yang X, Li W, Liang X, Guo J, Li H, He Y, Kim Y. Nanofiber Composite for Improved Water Retention and Dendrites Suppression in Flexible Zinc-Air Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103048. [PMID: 34427378 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water loss of the gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) and dendrites growth on Zn anode are overriding obstacles to applying flexible zinc-air batteries (ZABs) for wearable electronic devices. Nearly all previous efforts aim at developing novel GPEs with enhanced water retention and therefore elongate their lifespan. Herein, a facile interface engineering strategy is proposed to retard the water loss of GPE from the half-open structured air cathode. In detail, the poly(ethylene vinyl acetate)/carbon powder (PEVA-C) nanofiber composite interface layer with features of hydrophobicity, high conductivity, air permeability, and flexibility are prepared on the carbon cloth and set up between the GPE and electrode. The as-assembled ZAB with simple alkaline PVA GPE exhibits an impressive cycle life of 230 h, which outperforms ZAB without the PEVA-C nanofibers interface layer by 14 times. Additionally, the growth of Zn dendrites can be suppressed due to the tardy water loss of GPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Physics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Physics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Wenqiong Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Physics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Physics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Jiaming Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Physics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Haihan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Physics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yun He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Physics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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30
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Yuan C, Li P, Zeng L, Duan H, Wang J, Wei Z. Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Hydrogel Anion Exchange Membranes for Alkaline Fuel Cell. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caili Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Lingping Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hanzhao Duan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jianchuan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zidong Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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31
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Wang L, Dou L, Yang Z. Electrospun and cross-linked nanofiber composite poly(aryl ether sulfone) for anion exchange membranes. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Wang K, Zhang Z, Li S, Zhang H, Yue N, Pang J, Jiang Z. Side-Chain-Type Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Poly(arylene ether sulfone)s Containing High-Density Quaternary Ammonium Groups. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:23547-23557. [PMID: 33979135 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To obtain anion exchange membranes with both high ionic conductivity and good dimensional stability, a series of side-chain-type poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (PAES-QDTPM-x) were designed and synthesized. Quaternary ammonium (QA) groups were densely aggregated and grafted onto the main chain via flexible hydrophobic spacers. Well-defined microphase separation was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering. PAES-QDTPM-0.30 exhibited reasonably high conductivity (39.4 mS cm-1 at 20 °C and 76.1 mS cm-1 at 80 °C) and excellent dimensional stability at 80 °C (11.9% in length, 11.2% in thickness) due to the concentration of ion clusters and the side-chain-type structure. All membranes maintained over 82% of the conductivity after alkali treatment for 14 days. In the H2/O2 fuel cell performance test, the maximum power density of PAES-QDTPM-0.30 at 60 °C was 225.8 mW cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Wang
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenpeng Zhang
- Shenyang Rubber Research & Design Institute Company Limited, Shenyang 110021, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Li
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Nailin Yue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Pang
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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33
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Chen N, Wang HH, Kim SP, Kim HM, Lee WH, Hu C, Bae JY, Sim ES, Chung YC, Jang JH, Yoo SJ, Zhuang Y, Lee YM. Poly(fluorenyl aryl piperidinium) membranes and ionomers for anion exchange membrane fuel cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2367. [PMID: 33888709 PMCID: PMC8062622 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-cost anion exchange membrane fuel cells have been investigated as a promising alternative to proton exchange membrane fuel cells for the last decade. The major barriers to the viability of anion exchange membrane fuel cells are their unsatisfactory key components-anion exchange ionomers and membranes. Here, we present a series of durable poly(fluorenyl aryl piperidinium) ionomers and membranes where the membranes possess high OH- conductivity of 208 mS cm-1 at 80 °C, low H2 permeability, excellent mechanical properties (84.5 MPa TS), and 2000 h ex-situ durability in 1 M NaOH at 80 °C, while the ionomers have high water vapor permeability and low phenyl adsorption. Based on our rational design of poly(fluorenyl aryl piperidinium) membranes and ionomers, we demonstrate alkaline fuel cell performances of 2.34 W cm-2 in H2-O2 and 1.25 W cm-2 in H2-air (CO2-free) at 80 °C. The present cells can be operated stably under a 0.2 A cm-2 current density for ~200 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanjun Chen
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Hyun Wang
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Pyo Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Min Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hee Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chuan Hu
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yong Bae
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seob Sim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Chae Chung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jue-Hyuk Jang
- Hydrogen Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jong Yoo
- Hydrogen Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongbing Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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34
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Chen N, Hu C, Wang HH, Kim SP, Kim HM, Lee WH, Bae JY, Park JH, Lee YM. Poly(Alkyl-Terphenyl Piperidinium) Ionomers and Membranes with an Outstanding Alkaline-Membrane Fuel-Cell Performance of 2.58 W cm -2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7710-7718. [PMID: 33368927 PMCID: PMC8048807 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aryl-ether-free anion-exchange ionomers (AEIs) and membranes (AEMs) have become an important benchmark to address the insufficient durability and power-density issues associated with AEM fuel cells (AEMFCs). Here, we present aliphatic chain-containing poly(diphenyl-terphenyl piperidinium) (PDTP) copolymers to reduce the phenyl content and adsorption of AEIs and to increase the mechanical properties of AEMs. Specifically, PDTP AEMs possess excellent mechanical properties (storage modulus>1800 MPa, tensile strength>70 MPa), H2 fuel-barrier properties (<10 Barrer), good ion conductivity, and ex-situ stability. Meanwhile, PDTP AEIs with low phenyl content and high-water permeability display excellent peak power densities (PPDs). The present AEMFCs reach outstanding PPDs of 2.58 W cm-2 (>7.6 A cm-2 current density) and 1.38 W cm-2 at 80 °C in H2 /O2 and H2 /air, respectively, along with a specific power (PPD/catalyst loading) over 8 W mg-1 , which is the highest record for Pt-based AEMFCs so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanjun Chen
- Department of Energy EngineeringCollege of EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Chuan Hu
- Department of Energy EngineeringCollege of EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Hyun Wang
- Department of Energy EngineeringCollege of EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Pyo Kim
- Department of Energy EngineeringCollege of EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Min Kim
- Department of Energy EngineeringCollege of EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hee Lee
- Department of Energy EngineeringCollege of EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yong Bae
- Department of Energy EngineeringCollege of EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyeong Park
- Department of Energy EngineeringCollege of EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy EngineeringCollege of EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
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35
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He X, Zou J, Guo Y, Wang K, Wu B, Wen Y, Zang X, Chen D. Synthesis of halogenated benzonorbornadiene monomer and preparation of self-crosslinking bisimidazole cationic functionalized benzonorbornadiene triblock copolymer anion exchange membrane. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Xue B, Cui W, Zhou S, Zhang Q, Zheng J, Li S, Zhang S. Facile Preparation of Highly Alkaline Stable Poly(arylene–imidazolium) Anion Exchange Membranes through an Ionized Monomer Strategy. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Boxin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Weidong Cui
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Shengyang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jifu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shenghai Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Suobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing 211816, China
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37
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Chen N, Hu C, Wang HH, Kim SP, Kim HM, Lee WH, Bae JY, Park JH, Lee YM. Poly(Alkyl‐Terphenyl Piperidinium) Ionomers and Membranes with an Outstanding Alkaline‐Membrane Fuel‐Cell Performance of 2.58 W cm
−2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanjun Chen
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Chuan Hu
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Hyun Wang
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Pyo Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Min Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hee Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yong Bae
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyeong Park
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering College of Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
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38
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Jiang T, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Wu C, Fang H, Yang S, Wei H, Ding Y. Dimensionally and oxidatively stable anion exchange membranes based on bication cross-linked poly(meta-terphenylene alkylene)s. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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39
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40
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Zhang J, He Y, Zhang K, Liang X, Bance‐Soualhi R, Zhu Y, Ge X, Shehzad MA, Yu W, Ge Z, Wu L, Varcoe JR, Xu T. Cation–dipole interaction that creates ordered ion channels in an anion exchange membrane for fast
OH
−
conduction. AIChE J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Yubin He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Kaiyu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Xian Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | | | - Yuan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Xiaolin Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Muhammad A. Shehzad
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Weisheng Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Zijuan Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Liang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | | | - Tongwen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
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41
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You W, Hugar KM, Selhorst RC, Treichel M, Peltier CR, Noonan KJT, Coates GW. Degradation of Organic Cations under Alkaline Conditions. J Org Chem 2020; 86:254-263. [PMID: 33236908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the degradation mechanisms of organic cations under basic conditions is extremely important for the development of durable alkaline energy conversion devices. Cations are key functional groups in alkaline anion exchange membranes (AAEMs), and AAEMs are critical components to conduct hydroxide anions in alkaline fuel cells. Previously, we have established a standard protocol to evaluate cation alkaline stability within KOH/CD3OH solution at 80 °C. Herein, we are using the protocol to compare 26 model compounds, including benzylammonium, tetraalkylammonium, spirocyclicammonium, imidazolium, benzimidazolium, triazolium, pyridinium, guanidinium, and phosphonium cations. The goal is not only to evaluate their degradation rate, but also to identify their degradation pathways and lead to the advancement of cations with improved alkaline stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei You
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kristina M Hugar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Ryan C Selhorst
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Megan Treichel
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Cheyenne R Peltier
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Kevin J T Noonan
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Geoffrey W Coates
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
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Zhu T, Tang C. Crosslinked metallo-polyelectrolytes with enhanced flexibility and dimensional stability for anion-exchange membranes. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00757a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a class of crosslinked metallo-polyelectrolytes as anion exchange membranes with exceptional mechanical flexibility, dimensional stability and ionic conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- Columbia
- USA
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43
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Zhu T, Sha Y, Firouzjaie HA, Peng X, Cha Y, Dissanayake DMMM, Smith MD, Vannucci AK, Mustain WE, Tang C. Rational Synthesis of Metallo-Cations Toward Redox- and Alkaline-Stable Metallo-Polyelectrolytes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:1083-1089. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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