1
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Singh Bisht P, Garg R, Nakka N, Mondal AK. Spin Filtering and Amplification in Self-Assembled Nanofibers Based on Chiral Asymmetric Building Blocks. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6605-6610. [PMID: 38885451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The cooperativity in artificial self-assembling systems can be enhanced to expand their applications and redesign their properties. Recently, chiral molecules have garnered renewed attention due to their potential as highly efficient spin filters through the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. However, the potential of asymmetric building blocks based on chiral perylene diimides (PDIs) self-assembled materials to generate a spin-polarized current is still not widely acknowledged. In this work, we have demonstrated that nanofibers derived from "asymmetric PDIs" molecules have been found to exhibit promising spin-filtering property and the amplification of spin polarization at room temperature. Also, the exploration of chiral amplification and correlating it with the amplification of spin polarization have been reported for the first time through this work. These findings underscore the significance of self-assembled materials in the realm of spintronics, as they offer fascinating platforms with evolving structure-property relationship. It also provides the feasible possibility of enhancing the CISS-based spintronic devices that can accomplish controllability and high spin-filtering efficiency simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Singh Bisht
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rabia Garg
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Nagaraju Nakka
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Amit Kumar Mondal
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
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2
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Chen S, Wu R, Fu HH. Persistent Chirality-Induced Spin-Selectivity Effect in Circular Helix Molecules. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:6210-6217. [PMID: 38709107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The spin-orbit coupling (SOC), the dynamics of the nonequilibrium transport process, and the breaking of time-reversal and space-inversion symmetries have been regarded as key factors for the emergence of chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) and chirality-dependent spin currents in helix molecules. In this work, we demonstrated the generation of persistent CISS currents in various circular single-stranded DNAs and 310-helix proteins for the first time, regardless of whether an external magnetic flux is applied or not. This new CISS effect presents only in equilibrium transport processes, distinct from the traditional CISS observed in nonequilibrium transport processes and linear helix molecules; we term it as the PCISS effect. Notably, PCISS manifests irrespective of whether the SOC is chirality-driven or stems from heavy-metal substrates, making it an efficient way to generate chirality-locked pure spin currents. Our research establishes a novel paradigm for examining the underlying physics of the CISS effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Chen
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruqian Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, United States
| | - Hua-Hua Fu
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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3
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Preeyanka N, Zhu Q, Das TK, Naaman R. The Importance of Spin-Polarized Charge Reorganization in the Catalytic Activity of D-Glucose Oxidase. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400033. [PMID: 38411033 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The reaction of D-glucose oxidase (GOx) with D- and L-glucose was investigated using confocal fluorescence microscopy and Hall voltage measurements, after the enzyme was adsorbed as a monolayer. By adsorbing the enzyme on a ferromagnetic substrate, we verified that the reaction is spin dependent. This conclusion was supported by monitoring the reaction when the enzyme is adsorbed on a Hall device that does not contain any magnetic elements. The spin dependence is consistent with the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect; it can be explained by the improved fidelity of the electron transfer process through the chiral enzyme due to the coupling of the linear momentum of the electrons and their spin. Since the reaction studied often serve as a model system for enzymatic activity, the results may suggest the general importance of the spin-dependent electron transfer in bio-chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naupada Preeyanka
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Tapan Kumar Das
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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4
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Mishra S, Bowes EG, Majumder S, Hollingsworth JA, Htoon H, Jones AC. Inducing Circularly Polarized Single-Photon Emission via Chiral-Induced Spin Selectivity. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8663-8672. [PMID: 38484339 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
One of the central aims of the field of spintronics is the control of individual electron spins to effectively manage the transmission of quantized data. One well-known mechanism for controlling electronic spin transport is the chiral-induced spin-selectivity (CISS) effect in which a helical nanostructure imparts a preferential spin orientation on the electronic transport. One potential application of the CISS effect is as a transduction pathway between electronic spin and circularly polarized light within nonreciprocal photonic devices. In this work, we identify and quantify the degree of chiral-induced spin-selective electronic transport in helical polyaniline films using magnetoconductive atomic force microscopy (mcAFM). We then induce circularly polarized quantum light emission from CdSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots placed on these films, demonstrating a degree of circular polarization of up to ∼21%. Utilizing time-resolved photoluminescence microscopy, we measure the radiative lifetime difference associated with left- and right-handed circular polarizations of single emitters. These lifetime differences, in combination with Kelvin probe mapping of the variation of surface potential with magnetization of the substrate, help establish an energy level diagram describing the spin-dependent transport pathways that enable the circularly polarized photoluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryakant Mishra
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Eric G Bowes
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Somak Majumder
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Jennifer A Hollingsworth
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Han Htoon
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Andrew C Jones
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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5
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Bloom BP, Paltiel Y, Naaman R, Waldeck DH. Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1950-1991. [PMID: 38364021 PMCID: PMC10906005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Since the initial landmark study on the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in 1999, considerable experimental and theoretical efforts have been made to understand the physical underpinnings and mechanistic features of this interesting phenomenon. As first formulated, the CISS effect refers to the innate ability of chiral materials to act as spin filters for electron transport; however, more recent experiments demonstrate that displacement currents arising from charge polarization of chiral molecules lead to spin polarization without the need for net charge flow. With its identification of a fundamental connection between chiral symmetry and electron spin in molecules and materials, CISS promises profound and ubiquitous implications for existing technologies and new approaches to answering age old questions, such as the homochiral nature of life. This review begins with a discussion of the different methods for measuring CISS and then provides a comprehensive overview of molecules and materials known to exhibit CISS-based phenomena before proceeding to identify structure-property relations and to delineate the leading theoretical models for the CISS effect. Next, it identifies some implications of CISS in physics, chemistry, and biology. The discussion ends with a critical assessment of the CISS field and some comments on its future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Bloom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department and Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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6
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Lu J, Lew MD. Single-molecule electrochemical imaging resolves the midpoint potentials of individual fluorophores on nanoporous antimony-doped tin oxide. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2037-2046. [PMID: 38332827 PMCID: PMC10848685 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05293a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
We report reversible switching of oxazine, cyanine, and rhodamine dyes by a nanoporous antimony-doped tin oxide electrode that enables single-molecule (SM) imaging of electrochemical activity. Since the emissive state of each fluorophore is modulated by electrochemical potential, the number of emitting single molecules follows a sigmoid function during a potential scan, and we thus optically determine the formal redox potential of each dye. We find that the presence of redox mediators (phenazine methosulfate and riboflavin) functions as an electrochemical switch on each dye's emissive state and observe significantly altered electrochemical potential and kinetics. We are therefore able to measure optically how redox mediators and the solid-state electrode modulate the redox state of fluorescent molecules, which follows an electrocatalytic (EC') mechanism, with SM sensitivity over a 900 μm2 field of view. Our observations indicate that redox mediator-assisted SM electrochemical imaging (SMEC) could be potentially used to sense any electroactive species. Combined with SM blinking and localization microscopy, SMEC imaging promises to resolve the nanoscale spatial distributions of redox species and their redox states, as well as the electron transfer kinetics of electroactive species in various bioelectrochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Lu
- Preston M. Green Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130 USA
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130 USA
| | - Matthew D Lew
- Preston M. Green Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130 USA
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130 USA
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7
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Chen S, Fu HH. Spin-Dependent Destructive and Constructive Quantum Interference Associated with Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity in Single Circular Helix Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:11076-11083. [PMID: 38048754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in straight helical molecules has received intense studies in past decade; however, the CISS effect in circular helical molecules (CHMs) has still rarely been explored. Here, we have constructed single CHMs having chirality-induced spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and connected by two nonmagnetic leads and successfully gained the required conditions for CISS effect occurring in CHMs for the first time. Our results uncover that only when the CHMs form a closed loop and when the lattice positions are coupled asymmetrically with both leads does the CISS effect occur. More importantly, the CISS-associated spin-dependent destructive and constructive quantum interference (QI) together with their phase transition appears in CHMs. The combination of CISS effect and spin-dependent QI phenomena opens up a new door to understand the underlying physics of the CISS effect in helical molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Chen
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Hua Fu
- School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People's Republic of China
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8
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Ko CH, Zhu Q, Bullard G, Tassinari F, Morisue M, Naaman R, Therien MJ. Electron Spin Polarization and Rectification Driven by Chiral Perylene Diimide-Based Nanodonuts. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10271-10277. [PMID: 37939254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect allows thin-film layers of chiral conjugated molecules to function as spin filters at ambient temperature. Through solvent-modulated dropcasting of chiral l- and d-perylene diimide (PDI) monomeric building blocks, two types of aggregate morphologies, nanofibers and nanodonuts, may be realized. Spin-diode behavior is evidenced in the nanodonut structures. Stacked PDI units, which form the conjugated core of these nanostructures, dominate the nanodonut-Au electrode contact; in contrast, the AFM tip contacts largely the high-resistance solubilizing alkyl chains of the chiral monomers that form these nanodonuts. Current-voltage responses of the nanodonuts, measured by magnetic conductive AFM (mC-AFM), demonstrate substantial spin polarizations as well as spin current rectification ratios (>10) that exceed the magnitudes of those determined to date for other chiral nanoscale systems. These results underscore the potential for chiral nanostructures, featuring asymmetric molecular junctions, to enable CISS-based nanoscale spin current rectifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - George Bullard
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Mitsuhiko Morisue
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Michael J Therien
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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9
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Gupta A, Kumar A, Bhowmick DK, Fontanesi C, Paltiel Y, Fransson J, Naaman R. Does Coherence Affect the Multielectron Oxygen Reduction Reaction? J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9377-9384. [PMID: 37824289 PMCID: PMC10614294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the key for oxygen-based respiration and the operation of fuel cells. It involves the transmission of two pairs of electrons. We probed what type of interaction between the electrons is required to enable their efficient transfer into the oxygen. We show experimentally that the transfer of the electrons is controlled by the "hidden property" and present a theoretical model suggesting that it is related to coherent phase relations between the two electrons. Using spin polarization electrochemical measurements, with electrodes coated with different thicknesses of chiral coating, we confirm the special relation between the electrons. This relation is destroyed by multiple scattering events that result in the formation of hydrogen peroxide, which indicates a reduction in the ORR efficiency. Another indication for the possible role of coherence is the fluctuations in the reaction efficiency as a function of thickness of the chiral coated electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Gupta
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Deb Kumar Bhowmick
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Department
di Ingegneria, DIEF, MO26, University of
Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department
of Applied Physics and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Jonas Fransson
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 752 36, Sweden
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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10
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Niman CM, Sukenik N, Dang T, Nwachukwu J, Thirumurthy MA, Jones AK, Naaman R, Santra K, Das TK, Paltiel Y, Baczewski LT, El-Naggar MY. Bacterial extracellular electron transfer components are spin selective. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:145101. [PMID: 37811828 DOI: 10.1063/5.0154211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-reducing bacteria have adapted the ability to respire extracellular solid surfaces instead of soluble oxidants. This process requires an electron transport pathway that spans from the inner membrane, across the periplasm, through the outer membrane, and to an external surface. Multiheme cytochromes are the primary machinery for moving electrons through this pathway. Recent studies show that the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect is observable in some of these proteins extracted from the model metal-reducing bacteria, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. It was hypothesized that the CISS effect facilitates efficient electron transport in these proteins by coupling electron velocity to spin, thus reducing the probability of backscattering. However, these studies focused exclusively on the cell surface electron conduits, and thus, CISS has not been investigated in upstream electron transfer components such as the membrane-associated MtrA, or periplasmic proteins such as small tetraheme cytochrome (STC). By using conductive probe atomic force microscopy measurements of protein monolayers adsorbed onto ferromagnetic substrates, we show that electron transport is spin selective in both MtrA and STC. Moreover, we have determined the spin polarization of MtrA to be ∼77% and STC to be ∼35%. This disparity in spin polarizations could indicate that spin selectivity is length dependent in heme proteins, given that MtrA is approximately two times longer than STC. Most significantly, our study indicates that spin-dependent interactions affect the entire extracellular electron transport pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Niman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Nir Sukenik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Tram Dang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 91030, USA
| | - Justus Nwachukwu
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Miyuki A Thirumurthy
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Anne K Jones
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Kakali Santra
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tapan K Das
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Institute of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | | | - Mohamed Y El-Naggar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 91030, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
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11
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Yu S, Zhang X, Yuan S, Jiang S, Zhang Q, Chen J, Yu H. Electron Transfer Mechanism at the Interface of Multi-Heme Cytochromes and Metal Oxide. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302670. [PMID: 37587775 PMCID: PMC10582406 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Electroactive microbial cells have evolved unique extracellular electron transfer to conduct the reactions via redox outer-membrane (OM) proteins. However, the electron transfer mechanism at the interface of OM proteins and nanomaterial remains unclear. In this study, the mechanism for the electron transfer at biological/inorganic interface is investigated by integrating molecular modeling with electrochemical and spectroscopic measurements. For this purpose, a model system composed of OmcA, a typical OM protein, and the hexagonal tungsten trioxide (h-WO3 ) with good biocompatibility is selected. The interfacial electron transfer is dependent mainly on the special molecular configuration of OmcA and the microenvironment of the solvent exposed active center. Also, the apparent electron transfer rate can be tuned by site-directed mutagenesis at the axial ligand of the active center. Furthermore, the equilibrium state of the OmcA/h-WO3 systems suggests that their attachment is attributed to the limited number of residues. The electrochemical analysis of OmcA and its variants reveals that the wild type exhibits the fastest electron transfer rate, and the transient absorption spectroscopy further shows that the axial histidine plays an important role in the interfacial electron transfer process. This study provides a useful approach to promote the site-directed mutagenesis and nanomaterial design for bioelectrocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng‐Song Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Xin‐Yu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Shi‐Jie Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Shen‐Long Jiang
- Department of Chemical PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Chemical PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Jie‐Jie Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Han‐Qing Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
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12
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Giaconi N, Poggini L, Lupi M, Briganti M, Kumar A, Das TK, Sorrentino AL, Viglianisi C, Menichetti S, Naaman R, Sessoli R, Mannini M. Efficient Spin-Selective Electron Transport at Low Voltages of Thia-Bridged Triarylamine Hetero[4]helicenes Chemisorbed Monolayer. ACS NANO 2023; 17:15189-15198. [PMID: 37493644 PMCID: PMC10416567 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The Chirality Induced Spin Selectivity (CISS) effect describes the capability of chiral molecules to act as spin filters discriminating flowing electrons according to their spin state. Within molecular spintronics, efforts are focused on developing chiral-molecule-based technologies to control the injection and coherence of spin-polarized currents. Herein, for this purpose, we study spin selectivity properties of a monolayer of a thioalkyl derivative of a thia-bridged triarylamine hetero[4]helicene chemisorbed on a gold surface. A stacked device assembled by embedding a monolayer of these molecules between ferromagnetic and diamagnetic electrodes exhibits asymmetric magnetoresistance with inversion of the signal according to the handedness of molecules, in line with the presence of the CISS effect. In addition, magnetically conductive atomic force microscopy reveals efficient electron spin filtering even at unusually low potentials. Our results demonstrate that thia[4]heterohelicenes represent key candidates for the development of chiral spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Giaconi
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS) & INSTM Research
Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Poggini
- Istituto
di Chimica dei Composti Organo-Metallici (ICCOM-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Michela Lupi
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS) & INSTM Research
Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Matteo Briganti
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS) & INSTM Research
Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tapan K. Das
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Andrea L. Sorrentino
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS) & INSTM Research
Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Caterina Viglianisi
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS) & INSTM Research
Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Stefano Menichetti
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS) & INSTM Research
Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS) & INSTM Research
Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Matteo Mannini
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS) & INSTM Research
Unit, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
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13
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Wei J, Bloom BP, Dunlap-Shohl WA, Clever CB, Rivas JE, Waldeck DH. Examining the Effects of Homochirality for Electron Transfer in Protein Assemblies. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:6462-6469. [PMID: 37463031 PMCID: PMC10388353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Protein voltammetry studies of cytochrome c, immobilized on chiral tripeptide monolayer films, reveal the importance of the electron spin and the film's homochirality on electron transfer kinetics. Magnetic film electrodes are used to examine how an asymmetry in the standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant arises from changes in the electron spin direction and the enantiomer composition of the tripeptide monolayer; rate constant asymmetries as large as 60% are observed. These findings are rationalized in terms of the chiral induced spin selectivity effect and spin-dependent changes in electronic coupling. Lastly, marked differences in the average rate constant are shown between homochiral ensembles, in which the peptide and protein possess the same enantiomeric form, compared to heterochiral ensembles, where the handedness of the peptide layer is opposite to that of the protein or itself comprises heterochiral building blocks. These data demonstrate a compelling rationale for why nature is homochiral; namely, spin alignment in homochiral systems enables more efficient energy transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Brian P Bloom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Wiley A Dunlap-Shohl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Caleb B Clever
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - José E Rivas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - David H Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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14
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Xu Y, Mi W. Chiral-induced spin selectivity in biomolecules, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites and inorganic materials: a comprehensive review on recent progress. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1924-1955. [PMID: 36989068 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The two spin states of electrons are degenerate in nonmagnetic materials. The chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect provides a new strategy for manipulating electron's spin and a deeper understanding of spin selective processes in organisms. Here, we summarize the important discoveries and recent experiments performed during the development of the CISS effect, analyze the spin polarized transport in various types of materials and discuss the mechanisms, theoretical calculations, experimental techniques and biological significance of the CISS effect. The first part of this review concisely presents a general overview of the discoveries and importance of the CISS effect, laws and underlying mechanisms of which are discussed in the next section, where several classical experimental methods for detecting the CISS effect are also introduced. Based on the organic and inorganic properties of materials, the CISS effect of organic biomolecules, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites and inorganic materials are reviewed in the third, fourth and fifth sections, especially the chiral transfer mechanism of hybrid materials and the relationship between the CISS effect and life science. In addition, conclusions and prospective future of the CISS effect are outlined at the end, where the development and applications of the CISS effect in spintronics are directly described, which is helpful for designing promising chiral spintronic devices and understanding the natural status of chirality from a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdan Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Wenbo Mi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
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15
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Xia Q, Liu R, Chen X, Chen Z, Zhu JJ. In Vivo Voltammetric Imaging of Metal Nanoparticle-Catalyzed Single-Cell Electron Transfer by Fermi Level-Responsive Graphene. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0145. [PMID: 37223464 PMCID: PMC10200910 DOI: 10.34133/research.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanomaterials can facilitate microbial extracellular electron transfer (EET) in the electrochemically active biofilm. However, the role of nanomaterials/bacteria interaction in this process is still unclear. Here, we reported the single-cell voltammetric imaging of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 at the single-cell level to elucidate the metal-enhanced EET mechanism in vivo by the Fermi level-responsive graphene electrode. Quantified oxidation currents of ~20 fA were observed from single native cells and gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-coated cells in linear sweep voltammetry analysis. On the contrary, the oxidation potential was reduced by up to 100 mV after AuNP modification. It revealed the mechanism of AuNP-catalyzed direct EET decreasing the oxidation barrier between the outer membrane cytochromes and the electrode. Our method offered a promising strategy to understand the nanomaterials/bacteria interaction and guide the rational construction of EET-related microbial fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518000, P. R. China
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16
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Matsuura Y. First principles study of coherent electron/spin transport across metallothionein: A cadmium-binding protein. Chem Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2023.111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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17
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Atkinson JT, Chavez MS, Niman CM, El-Naggar MY. Living electronics: A catalogue of engineered living electronic components. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:507-533. [PMID: 36519191 PMCID: PMC9948233 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biology leverages a range of electrical phenomena to extract and store energy, control molecular reactions and enable multicellular communication. Microbes, in particular, have evolved genetically encoded machinery enabling them to utilize the abundant redox-active molecules and minerals available on Earth, which in turn drive global-scale biogeochemical cycles. Recently, the microbial machinery enabling these redox reactions have been leveraged for interfacing cells and biomolecules with electrical circuits for biotechnological applications. Synthetic biology is allowing for the use of these machinery as components of engineered living materials with tuneable electrical properties. Herein, we review the state of such living electronic components including wires, capacitors, transistors, diodes, optoelectronic components, spin filters, sensors, logic processors, bioactuators, information storage media and methods for assembling these components into living electronic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Atkinson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marko S Chavez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christina M Niman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mohamed Y El-Naggar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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18
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Gupta A, Sang Y, Fontanesi C, Turin L, Naaman R. Effect of Anesthesia Gases on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1756-1761. [PMID: 36779610 PMCID: PMC9940288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is of high importance, among others, because of its role in cellular respiration and in the operation of fuel cells. Recently, a possible relation between respiration and general anesthesia has been found. This work aims to explore whether anesthesia related gases affect the ORR. In ORR, oxygen which is in its triplet ground state is reduced to form products that are all in the singlet state. While this process is "in principle" forbidden because of spin conservation, it is known that if the electrons transferred in the ORR are spin-polarized, the reaction occurs efficiently. Here we show, in electrochemical experiments, that the efficiency of the oxygen reduction is reduced by the presence of general anesthetics in solution. We suggest that a spin-orbit coupling to the anesthetics depolarizes the spins. This causes both a reduction in reaction efficiency and a change in the reaction products. The findings may point to a possible relation between ORR efficiency and anesthetic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Gupta
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yutao Sang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Dip.
di Ingegneria, DIEF, MO26, University of
Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Turin
- Health
Sciences, The University of Buckingham Medical
School, Buckingham MK18 1EG, United Kingdom
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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19
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Thanh Phuc N. Chiral-Induced Spin Selectivity in Photon-Coupled Achiral Matters. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1626-1632. [PMID: 36750980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chiral-induced spin selectivity is a phenomenon in which electron spins are polarized as they are transported through chiral molecules, and the spin polarization depends on the handedness of the chiral molecule. In this study, we show that spin selectivity can be realized in achiral materials by strongly coupling electrons to a circularly polarized mode of an optical cavity or waveguide. Through the investigation of spin-dependent electron transport in a two-terminal setup using the nonequilibrium Green's function approach, it is found that a large spin polarization can be obtained if the rate of dephasing is sufficiently small and the average chemical potential of the two leads is within an appropriate range of values, which is narrow because of the high frequency of the optical mode. To obtain a wider range of energies for a large spin polarization, chiral molecules can be combined with light-matter interactions. To demonstrate this, the spin polarization of electrons transported through a helical molecule strongly coupled to a circularly polarized optical mode is evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thanh Phuc
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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20
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Naskar S, Mujica V, Herrmann C. Chiral-Induced Spin Selectivity and Non-equilibrium Spin Accumulation in Molecules and Interfaces: A First-Principles Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:694-701. [PMID: 36638217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electrons moving through chiral molecules are selected according to their spin orientation and the helicity of the molecule, an effect known as chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS). The underlying physical mechanism is not yet completely understood. To help elucidate this mechanism, a non-equilibrium Green's function method, combined with a Landauer approach and density functional theory, is applied to carbon helices contacted by gold electrodes, resulting in spin polarization of transmitted electrons. Spin polarization is also observed in the non-equilibrium electronic structure of the junctions. While this spin polarization is small, its sign changes with the direction of the current and with the handedness of the molecule. While these calculations were performed with a pure exchange-correlation functional, previous studies suggest that computationally more expensive hybrid functionals may lead to considerably larger spin polarization in the electronic structure. Thus, non-equilibrium spin polarization could be a key component in understanding the CISS mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Naskar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Harbor Building 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona85287, United States
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU and Donostia International Physics Center, Manuel de Lardizabal Pasealekua 3, 20018Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Harbor Building 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
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21
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Labella J, Bhowmick DK, Kumar A, Naaman R, Torres T. Easily processable spin filters: exploring the chiral induced spin selectivity of bowl-shaped chiral subphthalocyanines. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4273-4277. [PMID: 37123186 PMCID: PMC10132120 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01069d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein a new class of spin filters based on subphthalocyanines is reported. We measure the CISS effect by means of magnetic conductive probe atomic force microscopy (mc-AFM). Remarkably, the resulting devices show spin polarizations (SPs) as high as ca. 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Labella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Deb Kumar Bhowmick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Israel
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Israel
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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22
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Tang Z, Liu R, Chen X, Gao D, Zhang JR, Zhu JJ, Chen Z. Plasmonic Probing Single-Cell Bio-Current Waves with a Shrinking Magnetite Nanoprobe. ACS NANO 2022; 16:20842-20850. [PMID: 36475619 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Probing of the single-cell level extracellular electron transfer highlights the maximum output current for microbial fuel cells (MFCs) at hundreds of femtoampere per cell, which is difficult to achieve by existing devices. Past studies focus on the external factors for boosting charge-extraction efficiency from bacteria. Here, we elucidate the intracellular factors that determine this output limit by monitoring the respiratory-driven shrinking kinetics of a single magnetite nanoprobe immobilized on a single Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 cell with plasmonic imaging. Quantified dissolving of nanoprobes unveils a previously undescribed bio-current fluctuation between 0 and 2.7 fA on a ∼40 min cycle. Simultaneously tracing of endogenous oscillations indicates that the bio-current waves are correlated with the periodic cellular electrokinesis. The unsynchronized electron transfer capability in the cell population results in the mean current of 0.24 fA per cell, significantly smaller than in single cells. It explains why the averaged output current of MFCs cannot reach the measured single-cell currents. This work offers a different perspective to improve the power output by extending the active episodes of the bio-current waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuodong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, People's Republic of China
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23
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Lack of Specificity in Geobacter Periplasmic Electron Transfer. J Bacteriol 2022; 204:e0032222. [PMID: 36383007 PMCID: PMC9765071 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00322-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduction of extracellular acceptors requires electron transfer across the periplasm. In Geobacter sulfurreducens, three separate cytoplasmic membrane cytochromes are utilized depending on redox potential, and at least five cytochrome conduits span the outer membrane. Because G. sulfurreducens produces 5 structurally similar triheme periplasmic cytochromes (PpcABCDE) that differ in expression level, midpoint potential, and heme biochemistry, many hypotheses propose distinct periplasmic carriers could be used for specific redox potentials, terminal acceptors, or growth conditions. Using a panel of marker-free single, quadruple, and quintuple mutants, little support for these models could be found. Three quadruple mutants containing only one paralog (PpcA, PpcB, and PpcD) reduced Fe(III) citrate and Fe(III) oxide at the same rate and extent, even though PpcB and PpcD were at much lower periplasmic levels than PpcA. Mutants containing only PpcC and PpcE showed defects, but these cytochromes were nearly undetectable in the periplasm. When expressed sufficiently, PpcC and PpcE supported wild-type Fe(III) reduction. PpcA and PpcE from G. metallireducens similarly restored metal respiration in G. sulfurreducens. PgcA, an unrelated extracellular triheme c-type cytochrome, also participated in periplasmic electron transfer. While triheme cytochromes were important for metal reduction, sextuple ΔppcABCDE ΔpgcA mutants grew near wild-type rates with normal cyclic voltammetry profiles when using anodes as electron acceptors. These results reveal broad promiscuity in the periplasmic electron transfer network of metal-reducing Geobacter and suggest that an as-yet-undiscovered periplasmic mechanism supports electron transfer to electrodes. IMPORTANCE Many inner and outer membrane cytochromes used by Geobacter for electron transfer to extracellular acceptors have specific functions. How these are connected by periplasmic carriers remains poorly understood. G. sulfurreducens contains multiple triheme periplasmic cytochromes with unique biochemical properties and expression profiles. It is hypothesized that each could be involved in a different respiratory pathway, depending on redox potential or energy needs. Here, we show that Geobacter periplasmic cytochromes instead show evidence of being highly promiscuous. Any of 6 triheme cytochromes supported similar growth with soluble or insoluble metals, but none were required when cells utilized electrodes. These findings fail to support many models of Geobacter electron transfer, and question why these organisms produce such an array of periplasmic cytochromes.
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24
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Improvement of microbial extracellular electron transfer via outer membrane cytochromes expression of engineered bacteria. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Clever C, Wierzbinski E, Bloom BP, Lu Y, Grimm HM, Rao SR, Horne WS, Waldeck DH. Benchmarking Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity Measurements ‐ Towards Meaningful Comparisons of Chiral Biomolecule Spin Polarizations. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Clever
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Emil Wierzbinski
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Yiyang Lu
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Haley M. Grimm
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Silpa R. Rao
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - W. Seth Horne
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
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26
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Control of protein activity by photoinduced spin polarized charge reorganization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204735119. [PMID: 35994638 PMCID: PMC9436351 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204735119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable electric fields are present within living cells, and the role of bioelectricity has been well established at the organismal level. Yet much remains to be learned about electric-field effects on protein function. Here, we use phototriggered charge injection from a site-specifically attached ruthenium photosensitizer to directly demonstrate the effect of dynamic charge redistribution within a protein. We find that binding of an antibody to phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) is increased twofold under illumination. Remarkably, illumination is found to suppress the enzymatic activity of PGK by a factor as large as three. These responses are sensitive to the photosensitizer position on the protein. Surprisingly, left (but not right) circularly polarized light elicits these responses, indicating that the electrons involved in the observed dynamics are spin polarized, due to spin filtration by protein chiral structures. Our results directly establish the contribution of electrical polarization as an allosteric signal within proteins. Future experiments with phototriggered charge injection will allow delineation of charge rearrangement pathways within proteins and will further depict their effects on protein function.
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27
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Homochirality and chiral-induced spin selectivity: A new spin on the origin of life. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2210505119. [PMID: 35947591 PMCID: PMC9407374 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2210505119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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28
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Shang Z, Liu T, Yang Q, Cui S, Xu K, Zhang Y, Deng J, Zhai T, Wang X. Chiral-Molecule-Based Spintronic Devices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203015. [PMID: 35836101 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spintronics and molecular chemistry have achieved remarkable achievements separately. Their combination can apply the superiority of molecular diversity to intervene or manipulate the spin-related properties. It inevitably brings in a new type of functional devices with a molecular interface, which has become an emerging field in information storage and processing. Normally, spin polarization has to be realized by magnetic materials as manipulated by magnetic fields. Recently, chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) was discovered surprisingly that non-magnetic chiral molecules can generate spin polarization through their structural chirality. Here, the recent progress of integrating the strengths of molecular chemistry and spintronics is reviewed by introducing the experimental results, theoretical models, and device performances of the CISS effect. Compared to normal ferromagnetic metals, CISS originating from a chiral structure has great advantages of high spin polarization, excellent interface, simple preparation process, and low cost. It has the potential to obtain high efficiency of spin injection into metals and semiconductors, getting rid of magnetic fields and ferromagnetic electrodes. The physical mechanisms, unique advantages, and device performances of CISS are sequentially clarified, revealing important issues to current scientific research and industrial applications. This mini-review points out a key technology of information storage for future spintronic devices without magnetic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Shang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Tianhan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Shuainan Cui
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Jinxiang Deng
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Tianrui Zhai
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
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29
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Abstract
Controlled reduction of oxygen is important for developing clean energy technologies, such as fuel cells, and is vital to the existence of aerobic organisms. The process starts with oxygen in a triplet ground state and ends with products that are all in singlet states. Hence, spin constraints in the oxygen reduction must be considered. Here, we show that the electron transfer efficiency from chiral electrodes to oxygen (oxygen reduction reaction) is enhanced over that from achiral electrodes. We demonstrate lower overpotentials and higher current densities for chiral catalysts versus achiral ones. This finding holds even for electrodes composed of heavy metals with large spin-orbit coupling. The effect results from the spin selectivity conferred on the electron current by the chiral assemblies, the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect.
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30
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31
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Daplan E, Terranova U, Turin L. Anomalous Viscosity of a Racemate: A Simple Experiment Demonstrating Chirally Induced Spin Selectivity. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4215-4219. [PMID: 35512393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It has been known for over a century that racemic solutions of hydrogen-bonded compounds are less viscous than their component enantiomers, but this fact has so far remained unexplained. Here we confirm it using enantiomers of lactic acid and compare it to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of lactic acid viscosity. The effect is absent in classical MD. We suggest that the anomalous viscosity of racemates may be due to a recently discovered magnetic intermolecular force due to spin-dependent charge reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekin Daplan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Buckingham, Buckingham MK18 1EG, U.K
| | - Umberto Terranova
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Buckingham, Buckingham MK18 1EG, U.K
| | - Luca Turin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Buckingham, Buckingham MK18 1EG, U.K
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32
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Aiello CD, Abendroth JM, Abbas M, Afanasev A, Agarwal S, Banerjee AS, Beratan DN, Belling JN, Berche B, Botana A, Caram JR, Celardo GL, Cuniberti G, Garcia-Etxarri A, Dianat A, Diez-Perez I, Guo Y, Gutierrez R, Herrmann C, Hihath J, Kale S, Kurian P, Lai YC, Liu T, Lopez A, Medina E, Mujica V, Naaman R, Noormandipour M, Palma JL, Paltiel Y, Petuskey W, Ribeiro-Silva JC, Saenz JJ, Santos EJG, Solyanik-Gorgone M, Sorger VJ, Stemer DM, Ugalde JM, Valdes-Curiel A, Varela S, Waldeck DH, Wasielewski MR, Weiss PS, Zacharias H, Wang QH. A Chirality-Based Quantum Leap. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4989-5035. [PMID: 35318848 PMCID: PMC9278663 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the study of chiral degrees of freedom occurring in matter and in electromagnetic fields. Opportunities in quantum sciences will likely exploit two main areas that are the focus of this Review: (1) recent observations of the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in chiral molecules and engineered nanomaterials and (2) rapidly evolving nanophotonic strategies designed to amplify chiral light-matter interactions. On the one hand, the CISS effect underpins the observation that charge transport through nanoscopic chiral structures favors a particular electronic spin orientation, resulting in large room-temperature spin polarizations. Observations of the CISS effect suggest opportunities for spin control and for the design and fabrication of room-temperature quantum devices from the bottom up, with atomic-scale precision and molecular modularity. On the other hand, chiral-optical effects that depend on both spin- and orbital-angular momentum of photons could offer key advantages in all-optical and quantum information technologies. In particular, amplification of these chiral light-matter interactions using rationally designed plasmonic and dielectric nanomaterials provide approaches to manipulate light intensity, polarization, and phase in confined nanoscale geometries. Any technology that relies on optimal charge transport, or optical control and readout, including quantum devices for logic, sensing, and storage, may benefit from chiral quantum properties. These properties can be theoretically and experimentally investigated from a quantum information perspective, which has not yet been fully developed. There are uncharted implications for the quantum sciences once chiral couplings can be engineered to control the storage, transduction, and manipulation of quantum information. This forward-looking Review provides a survey of the experimental and theoretical fundamentals of chiral-influenced quantum effects and presents a vision for their possible future roles in enabling room-temperature quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice D. Aiello
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - John M. Abendroth
- Laboratory
for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Muneer Abbas
- Department
of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Andrei Afanasev
- Department
of Physics, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Shivang Agarwal
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Amartya S. Banerjee
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - David N. Beratan
- Departments
of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jason N. Belling
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Bertrand Berche
- Laboratoire
de Physique et Chimie Théoriques, UMR Université de Lorraine-CNRS, 7019 54506 Vandœuvre les
Nancy, France
| | - Antia Botana
- Department
of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Justin R. Caram
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Giuseppe Luca Celardo
- Institute
of Physics, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma
de Puebla, Apartado Postal J-48, 72570, Mexico
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Aitzol Garcia-Etxarri
- Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ismael Diez-Perez
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Yuqi Guo
- School
for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Rafael Gutierrez
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joshua Hihath
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Suneet Kale
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Philip Kurian
- Quantum
Biology Laboratory, Graduate School, Howard
University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Ying-Cheng Lai
- School
of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Tianhan Liu
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Alexander Lopez
- Escuela
Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, PO Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil 090902, Ecuador
| | - Ernesto Medina
- Departamento
de Física, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Diego de Robles
y Vía Interoceánica, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Kimika
Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Mohammadreza Noormandipour
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- TCM Group,
Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Julio L. Palma
- Department
of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, Lemont Furnace, Pennsylvania 15456, United States
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - William Petuskey
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - João Carlos Ribeiro-Silva
- Laboratory
of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, 05508-900 São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan José Saenz
- Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Elton J. G. Santos
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics
and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- Higgs Centre
for Theoretical Physics, The University
of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Solyanik-Gorgone
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Volker J. Sorger
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Dominik M. Stemer
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jesus M. Ugalde
- Kimika
Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Ana Valdes-Curiel
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Solmar Varela
- School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay
Tech University, 100119 Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
| | - Helmut Zacharias
- Center
for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Qing Hua Wang
- School
for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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33
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Pal C, Majumder S. Manipulating Electron-Spin Polarization using Cysteine-DNA Chiral Conjugates. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:164704. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0088346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The chiral molecules are potential generators of high spin-filters due to their inherent inversion asymmetric helical electric field. We report a controlled spin selective transmission of electrons through self-assembled monolayers of 15 base-paired double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) functionalized with two enantiomeric cysteine molecules on gold explored through quantum mechanical tunneling effect. We observed a controlled spin polarization of 33 % with Dextro-cysteine, whereas a mere 8 % with Levo-cysteine molecules using these functionalizations at room temperature. The manipulation of electron's spin merely through such small molecule could lead significant advancement in thespin-dependent charge transport phenomena, and related applications.
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34
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Evers F, Aharony A, Bar-Gill N, Entin-Wohlman O, Hedegård P, Hod O, Jelinek P, Kamieniarz G, Lemeshko M, Michaeli K, Mujica V, Naaman R, Paltiel Y, Refaely-Abramson S, Tal O, Thijssen J, Thoss M, van Ruitenbeek JM, Venkataraman L, Waldeck DH, Yan B, Kronik L. Theory of Chirality Induced Spin Selectivity: Progress and Challenges. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106629. [PMID: 35064943 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A critical overview of the theory of the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, that is, phenomena in which the chirality of molecular species imparts significant spin selectivity to various electron processes, is provided. Based on discussions in a recently held workshop, and further work published since, the status of CISS effects-in electron transmission, electron transport, and chemical reactions-is reviewed. For each, a detailed discussion of the state-of-the-art in theoretical understanding is provided and remaining challenges and research opportunities are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Evers
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Amnon Aharony
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Nir Bar-Gill
- Department of Applied Physics, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Ora Entin-Wohlman
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Per Hedegård
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Oded Hod
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Pavel Jelinek
- Nanosurf Lab, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, CZ 162 00, Czech Republic
| | | | - Mikhail Lemeshko
- IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg, 3400, Austria
| | - Karen Michaeli
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 7610001, Israel
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 76100, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Sivan Refaely-Abramson
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 76100, Israel
| | - Oren Tal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 76100, Israel
| | - Jos Thijssen
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft, 2628 CJ, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Thoss
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan M van Ruitenbeek
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden, 2333 CA, Netherlands
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics and Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - David H Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Binghai Yan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 7610001, Israel
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 76100, Israel
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35
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Chen Z, Zhang F, Li Y, Shan J, Lu Y, Liu Q. Bio-electron transfer modulated localized surface plasmon resonance biosensing with charge density monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 201:113956. [PMID: 34998117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of reactant at different regions of the bioreaction interface is significant for the study on the influence of interface condition on bioreaction. In this study, we proposed a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensing platform for local charge density monitoring and corresponding analytes detection based on the bio-electron transfer modulation of plasmon resonance. Core-shell nanocomposites of polyaniline coated gold nanoparticles were synthesized for the enhanced sensitivity of plasmon resonance to applied electric potential. Tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) substrates modified with the nanocomposites were used as LSPR chip for optical and electrochemical measurements simultaneously. The charge sensitivity of LSPR was verified with external electric potential modulation theoretically and experimentally. Through layer-by-layer self-assembly immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOD) on the LSPR chips, the charge transfer monitoring during the bioreaction of glucose catalysis was further demonstrated based on the bio-electron transfer modulation of LSPR. By equivalent circuit method, the charge density of the LSPR chip were detected with optical extinction peak shifts, and the limit of detection was about 0.51 μC/cm2. This bio-electron transfer modulated LSPR provides a promising approach for the detection of spatial charge densities and the evaluation of bioreaction substances at different region of single chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetao Chen
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Fenni Zhang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Yaru Li
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Jianzhen Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Yanli Lu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of TCM Health Management, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China.
| | - Qingjun Liu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of TCM Health Management, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China
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36
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Naaman R, Paltiel Y, Waldeck DH. Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity and Its Implications for Biological Functions. Annu Rev Biophys 2021; 51:99-114. [PMID: 34932912 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-083021-070400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chirality in life has been preserved throughout evolution. It has been assumed that the main function of chirality is its contribution to structural properties. In the past two decades, however, it has been established that chiral molecules possess unique electronic properties. Electrons that pass through chiral molecules, or even charge displacements within a chiral molecule, do so in a manner that depends on the electron's spin and the molecule's enantiomeric form. This effect, referred to as chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS), has several important implications for the properties of biosystems. Among these implications, CISS facilitates long-range electron transfer, enhances bio-affinities and enantioselectivity, and enables efficient and selective multi-electron redox processes. In this article, we review the CISS effect and some of its manifestations in biological systems. We argue that chirality is preserved so persistently in biology not only because of its structural effect, but also because of its important function in spin polarizing electrons. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biophysics, Volume 51 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel;
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied Physics Department and Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David H Waldeck
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
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37
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Feng T, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Xue J, Lu H. Spin selectivity in chiral metal-halide semiconductors. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:18925-18940. [PMID: 34783816 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06407j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the spin states of freedom represents a significant challenge for the next-generation optoelectronic and spintronic devices. Chiral metal-halide semiconductors (MHS) have recently emerged as an important class of materials for spin-dependent photonic and electronic applications. In this Minireview, we first discussed the chemical and structural diversity of chiral MHS, highlighting the chirality formation mechanism. We then provided our current understanding on the spin-sensitive photophysical and transport process with a focus on how chirality enables the spin selectivity in chiral MHS. We summarized recent progress on the experimental demonstration of spin control in various photonic and spintronic devices. Finally, we discussed ongoing challenges and opportunities associated with chiral MHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanglue Feng
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (SAR).
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (SAR).
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (SAR).
| | - Jie Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (SAR).
| | - Haipeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (SAR).
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38
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Wang C, Guo AM, Sun QF, Yan Y. Efficient Spin-Dependent Charge Transmission and Improved Enantioselective Discrimination Capability in Self-Assembled Chiral Coordinated Monolayers. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10262-10269. [PMID: 34652163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spin-dependent charge transmission or the so-called chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect was demonstrated in self-assembled chiral coordinated monolayers. Distinct from the previous CISS phenomenon observed mainly on pure biomolecules, here we expanded this effect to the coordinated complex of chiral biomolecules and metal cations, specifically, cysteine-Cu2+-alanine (Cys/Cu/Ala), in which the complex itself was redox-active. However, the coordinated self-assembled monolayers of cysteine-Cu2+-cysteine did not show any spin-dependent effect. In addition, this phenomenon was explained by developing a theoretical model with spin-orbit coupling. The alanine molecules contributed to multiple transport pathways, leading to experimentally observable spin polarization. Finally, this CISS effect in Cys/Cu/Ala complex was demonstrated to amplify the sensing signal. The enantioselective discrimination efficiency could be improved by controlling the orientation of the external magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ai-Min Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qing-Feng Sun
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yong Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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39
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Aiyer K, Doyle LE. Capturing the signal of weak electricigens: a worthy endeavour. Trends Biotechnol 2021; 40:564-575. [PMID: 34696916 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recently several non-traditional electroactive microorganisms have been discovered. These can be considered weak electricigens; microorganisms that typically rely on soluble electron acceptors and donors in their lifecycle but are also capable of extracellular electron transfer (EET), resulting in either a low, unreliable, or otherwise unexpected current. These unanticipated electroactive microorganisms represent a new chapter in electromicrobiology and have important medical, environmental, and biotechnological relevance. As such, it is essential to continue the momentum of their discovery. However, their study poses unique challenges due to their low current output. Capturing their signal necessitates novel approaches including unconventional electrode choice, the use of sensitive electrochemical techniques, and modifications of conventional experiments that use bioelectrochemical systems (BES).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Aiyer
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, G5WV+9H9, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Lucinda E Doyle
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, G5WV+9H9, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India.
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40
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Xia Q, Chen X, Liu C, Song RB, Chen Z, Zhang J, Zhu JJ. Label-Free Probing of Electron Transfer Kinetics of Single Microbial Cells on a Single-Layer Graphene via Structural Color Microscopy. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:7823-7830. [PMID: 34470209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Studies of electron transfer at the population level veil the nature of the cell itself; however, in situ probing of the electron transfer dynamics of individual cells is still challenging. Here we propose label-free structural color microscopy for this aim. We demonstrate that Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 cells show unique structural color scattering, changing with the redox state of cytochrome complexes in the outer membrane. It enables quantitatively and noninvasive studies of electron transfer in single microbial cells during bioelectrochemical activities, such as extracellular electron transfer (EET) on a transparent single-layer graphene electrode. Increasing the applied potential leads to the associated EET current, accompanied by more oxidized cytochromes. The high spatiotemporal resolution of the proposed method not only demonstrates the large diversity in EET activity among microbial cells but also reveals the subcellular asymmetric distribution of active cytochromes in a single cell. We anticipate that it provides a potential platform for further exploring the electron transfer mechanism of subcellular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Changhong Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Rong-Bin Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jianrong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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Abstract
Steady progress is being made in unveiling nature's long-range charge transport mechanisms in redox proteins and in the development of versatile self-assembling scaffolds and de novo proteins by design-two separate fields that soon may intersect to yield the first artificial bioelectronic wires. Here, we summarize compelling developments in these areas that put a spotlight on the prospect of their convergence, featuring, in particular, work by Dai et al. in this issue of ACS Nano that illustrates success in intentional design with nuanced control, binding multiple c-type hemes into a specific ordered array bearing the essential hallmarks of heme chains in bacterial multiheme cytochromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Rosso
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Piotr Zarzycki
- Energy Geosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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43
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Sang Y, Mishra S, Tassinari F, Karuppannan SK, Carmieli R, Teo RD, Migliore A, Beratan DN, Gray HB, Pecht I, Fransson J, Waldeck DH, Naaman R. Temperature Dependence of Charge and Spin Transfer in Azurin. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:9875-9883. [PMID: 34055128 PMCID: PMC8154855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The steady-state charge and spin transfer yields were measured for three different Ru-modified azurin derivatives in protein films on silver electrodes. While the charge-transfer yields exhibit weak temperature dependences, consistent with operation of a near activation-less mechanism, the spin selectivity of the electron transfer improves as temperature increases. This enhancement of spin selectivity with temperature is explained by a vibrationally induced spin exchange interaction between the Cu(II) and its chiral ligands. These results indicate that distinct mechanisms control charge and spin transfer within proteins. As with electron charge transfer, proteins deliver polarized electron spins with a yield that depends on the protein's structure. This finding suggests a new role for protein structure in biochemical redox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Sang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Suryakant Mishra
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ruijie D. Teo
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Agostino Migliore
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova 35122, Italy
| | - David N. Beratan
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Harry B. Gray
- Beckman
Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Israel Pecht
- Department
of Immunology, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jonas Fransson
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala 752 36, Sweden
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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44
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Mondal AK, Preuss MD, Ślęczkowski ML, Das TK, Vantomme G, Meijer EW, Naaman R. Spin Filtering in Supramolecular Polymers Assembled from Achiral Monomers Mediated by Chiral Solvents. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7189-7195. [PMID: 33926182 PMCID: PMC8297732 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In past studies,
spin selective transport was observed in polymers
and supramolecular structures that are based on homochiral building
blocks possessing stereocenters. Here we address the question to what
extent chiral building blocks are required for observing the chiral
induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. We demonstrate the CISS effect
in supramolecular polymers exclusively containing achiral monomers,
where the supramolecular chirality was induced by chiral solvents
that were removed from the fibers before measuring. Spin-selective
transport was observed for electrons transmitted perpendicular to
the fibers’ long axis. The spin polarization correlates with
the intensity of the CD spectra of the polymers, indicating that the
effect is nonlocal. It is found that the spin polarization increases
with the samples’ thickness and the thickness dependence is
the result of at least two mechanisms: the first is the CISS effect,
and the second reduces the spin polarization due to scattering. Temperature
dependence studies provide the first support for theoretical work
that suggested that phonons may contribute to the spin polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Mondal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Marco D Preuss
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marcin L Ślęczkowski
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tapan Kumar Das
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ghislaine Vantomme
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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45
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Kubas A. How the Donor/Acceptor Spin States Affect the Electronic Couplings in Molecular Charge-Transfer Processes? J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:2917-2927. [PMID: 33830757 PMCID: PMC8154369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The electronic coupling
matrix element HAB is an essential ingredient
of most electron-transfer theories. HAB depends on the overlap between donor and
acceptor wave functions and is affected by the involved states’
spin. We classify the spin-state effects into three categories: orbital
occupation, spin-dependent electron density, and density delocalization.
The orbital occupancy reflects the diverse chemical nature and reactivity
of the spin states of interest. The effect of spin-dependent density
is related to a more compact electron density cloud at lower spin
states due to decreased exchange interactions between electrons. Density
delocalization is strongly connected with the covalency concept that
increases the spatial extent of the diabatic state’s electron
density in specific directions. We illustrate these effects with high-level ab initio calculations on model direct donor–acceptor
systems relevant to metal oxide materials and biological electron
transfer. Obtained results can be used to benchmark existing methods
for HAB calculations in complicated cases
such as spin-crossover materials or antiferromagnetically coupled
systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kubas
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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46
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Abstract
This review surveys recent progress towards robust chiral nanostructure fabrication techniques using synthetic helical polymers, the unique inferred properties that these materials possess, and their intricate connection to natural, biological chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James F. Reuther
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Massachusetts Lowell
- Lowell
- USA
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47
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Mondal AK, Brown N, Mishra S, Makam P, Wing D, Gilead S, Wiesenfeld Y, Leitus G, Shimon LJW, Carmieli R, Ehre D, Kamieniarz G, Fransson J, Hod O, Kronik L, Gazit E, Naaman R. Long-Range Spin-Selective Transport in Chiral Metal-Organic Crystals with Temperature-Activated Magnetization. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16624-16633. [PMID: 33095016 PMCID: PMC7760088 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature, long-range (300 nm), chirality-induced spin-selective electron conduction is found in chiral metal-organic Cu(II) phenylalanine crystals, using magnetic conductive-probe atomic force microscopy. These crystals are found to be also weakly ferromagnetic and ferroelectric. Notably, the observed ferromagnetism is thermally activated, so that the crystals are antiferromagnetic at low temperatures and become ferromagnetic above ∼50 K. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements and density functional theory calculations suggest that these unusual magnetic properties result from indirect exchange interaction of the Cu(II) ions through the chiral lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Mondal
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Noam Brown
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler
Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Suryakant Mishra
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Pandeeswar Makam
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dahvyd Wing
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sharon Gilead
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yarden Wiesenfeld
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Gregory Leitus
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Linda J. W. Shimon
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Ehre
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Grzegorz Kamieniarz
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Faculty
of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jonas Fransson
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-75237 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Oded Hod
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler
Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The
Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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48
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Bloom BP, Lu Y, Metzger T, Yochelis S, Paltiel Y, Fontanesi C, Mishra S, Tassinari F, Naaman R, Waldeck DH. Asymmetric reactions induced by electron spin polarization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:21570-21582. [PMID: 32697241 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Essential aspects of the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect and their implications for spin-controlled chemistry and asymmetric electrochemical reactions are described. The generation of oxygen through electrolysis is discussed as an example in which chirality-based spin-filtering and spin selection rules can be used to improve the reaction's efficiency and selectivity. Next the discussion shifts to illustrate how the spin selectivity of chiral molecules (CISS properties) allows one to use the electron spin as a chiral bias for inducing asymmetric reactions and promoting enantiospecific processes. Two enantioselective electrochemical reactions that have used polarized electron spins as a chiral reagent are described; enantioselective electroreduction to resolve an enantiomer from a racemic mixture and an oxidative electropolymerization to generate a chiral polymer from achiral monomers. A complementary approach that has used spin-polarized, but otherwise achiral, molecular films to enantiospecifically associate with one enantiomer from a racemic mixture is also discussed. Each of these reaction types use magnetized films to generate the spin polarized electrons and the enantiospecificity can be selected by choice of the magnetization direction, North pole versus South pole. Possible paths for future research in this area and its compatibility with existing methods based on chiral electrodes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Bloom
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | - Y Lu
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | - Tzuriel Metzger
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", DIEF, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Suryakant Mishra
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Ron Naaman
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - D H Waldeck
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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49
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Gupta D, Guzman MS, Bose A. Extracellular electron uptake by autotrophic microbes: physiological, ecological, and evolutionary implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 47:863-876. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-020-02309-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Microbes exchange electrons with their extracellular environment via direct or indirect means. This exchange is bidirectional and supports essential microbial oxidation–reduction processes, such as respiration and photosynthesis. The microbial capacity to use electrons from insoluble electron donors, such as redox-active minerals, poised electrodes, or even other microbial cells is called extracellular electron uptake (EEU). Autotrophs with this capability can thrive in nutrient and soluble electron donor-deficient environments. As primary producers, autotrophic microbes capable of EEU greatly impact microbial ecology and play important roles in matter and energy flow in the biosphere. In this review, we discuss EEU-driven autotrophic metabolisms, their mechanism and physiology, and highlight their ecological, evolutionary, and biotechnological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Gupta
- grid.4367.6 0000 0001 2355 7002 Department of Biology Washington University in St. Louis One Brookings Drive 63130 St. Louis MO USA
| | - Michael S Guzman
- grid.250008.f 0000 0001 2160 9702 Biosciences and Biotechnology Division Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
| | - Arpita Bose
- grid.4367.6 0000 0001 2355 7002 Department of Biology Washington University in St. Louis One Brookings Drive 63130 St. Louis MO USA
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