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Yuca H, Karadayı M, Karakaya S, Civaş A, Tekman E, Guvenalp Z. Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Genotoxic, Antigenotoxic Effects in Bacterial Models, and Hypoglycemic Activity of Epilobium angustifolium L. with Bioguided Isolation of Active Compounds. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300922. [PMID: 37997279 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of methanol extract and its sub-extracts from Epilobium angustifolium on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity. Secondary metabolites and amino acids were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Dichloromethane sub-extract displayed the highest activity and was chosen for further investigation. Despite the widespread use of E. angustifolium, genotoxicity studies were conducted to assess its safety. Dichloromethane significantly inhibited α-glucosidase (IC50 =17.340 μg/mL), making it approximately 293 times more effective than acarbose. Six known compounds, including gallic acid (1), a mixture of quercetin-3-O-α-galactoside (2a) and quercetin-3-O-α-glucoside (2b), quercetin-3-O-α-glucuronic acid (3), quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside (4), and kaempferol-3-O-α-rhamnoside (5) were identified. Quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside exhibited the highest inhibition of α-glucosidase (IC50 =1735±85 μM), making it 3.70 times more effective than acarbose. Dichloromethane also showed significant antigenotoxic activity against mutagenesis induced by NaN3, 9-AA, 4-NPD, and MNNG. Gallic acid was found in the highest abundance (13253.6931 ng/mL) in the methanolic extract. Furthermore, L-Aspartic acid was the most concentrated amino acid (363.5620 nmol/mL) in the methanolic extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafize Yuca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Drug Research Center, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Karadayı
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Songül Karakaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Civaş
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Services, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Enes Tekman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Guvenalp
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Drug Research Center, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Kernou ON, Azzouz Z, Madani K, Rijo P. Application of Rosmarinic Acid with Its Derivatives in the Treatment of Microbial Pathogens. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104243. [PMID: 37241981 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the antimicrobial resistance phenomena on and the harmful consequences of the use of antibiotics motivate the necessity of innovative antimicrobial therapies, while natural substances are considered a promising alternative. Rosmarin is an original plant compound listed among the hydroxycinnamic acids. This substance has been widely used to fight microbial pathology and chronic infections from microorganisms like bacteria, fungi and viruses. Also, various derivatives of rosmarinic acid, such as the propyl ester of rosmarinic acid, rosmarinic acid methyl ester or the hexyl ester of rosmarinic acid, have been synthesized chemically, which have been isolated as natural antimicrobial agents. Rosmarinic acid and its derivatives were combined with antibiotics to obtain a synergistic effect. This review reports on the antimicrobial effects of rosmarinic acid and its associated derivatives, both in their free form and in combination with other microbial pathogens, and mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourdia-Nouara Kernou
- Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie, et Scientométrie (L3BS), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - Zahra Azzouz
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée (LMA), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - Khodir Madani
- Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie, et Scientométrie (L3BS), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
- Centre de Recherche en Technologie Agroalimentaire (CRTAA), Route de Targua-Ouzemour, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - Patricia Rijo
- CBIOS-Centro de Investigação em Biociências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Universida de Lusófona, Campo Grande 376, 1749-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Liboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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Bajaber MA, Hussain G, Farooq T, Noreen R, Ibrahim M, Umbreen H, Batool S, Rehman K, Hameed A, Farid MF, Khalid T. Nanosuspension of Foeniculum Vulgare Promotes Accelerated Sensory and Motor Function Recovery after Sciatic Nerve Injury. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030391. [PMID: 36984831 PMCID: PMC10058352 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The seed extract of Foeniculum vulgare (FV) was used for the preparation of a nanosuspension (NS) with an enhanced bioavailability of phytoconstituents. Subsequently, it was employed as a potent source of polyphenols, such as quercetin and kaempferol, to accelerate the regeneration and recovery of motor and sensory function in injured nerves. The NS was administered through daily gauging as NS1 (0.5 mg/mL) and NS2 (15 mg/mL), at a dose rate of 2 g/kg body weight until the end of the study. The NS-mediated retrieval of motor functions was studied by evaluating muscle grip strength and the sciatic functional index. The recovery of sensory functions was assessed by the hotplate test. Several well-integrated biochemical pathways mediate the recovery of function and the regeneration of nerves under controlled blood glucose and oxidative stress. Consequently, the NS-treated groups were screened for blood glucose, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS) compared to the control. The NS administration showed a significant potential to enhance the recuperation of motor and sensory functions. Moreover, the oxidative stress was kept under check as a result of NS treatments to facilitate neuronal generation. Thus, the nanoformulation of FV with polyphenolic contents accelerated the reclamation of motor and sensory function after nerve lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed A. Bajaber
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Farooq
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Razia Noreen
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Huma Umbreen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shaheera Batool
- Department of Biochemistry, CMH Institute of Medical Sciences Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Arruje Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: or (A.H.); (T.K.)
| | - Muhammad Fayyaz Farid
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tanzeela Khalid
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: or (A.H.); (T.K.)
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Jadid N, Febrianti Widodo A, Ermavitalini D, Nailis Sa'adah N, Gunawan S, Nisa C. The medicinal Umbelliferae plant Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.): cultivation, traditional uses, phytopharmacological properties, and application in animal husbandry. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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DʼAngiolo M, De Leo M, Camangi F, Magliocca G, De Tommasi N, Braca A, Marzocco S. Chemical Constituents of Ulmus minor subsp. minor Fruits Used in the Italian Phytoalimurgic Tradition and Their Anti-inflammatory Activity Evaluation. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:762-773. [PMID: 35240714 DOI: 10.1055/a-1787-1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The phytochemical investigation of Ulmus minor subsp. minor samaras EtOAc and n-BuOH extracts is reported in this work for the first time, resulting in the isolation and characterization of twenty compounds (1: - 20: ) including one new flavan-3-ol (1: ), one new trihydroxy fatty acid (2: ), and two glycosylated flavonoids (6: - 7: ) whose NMR data are not available in the literature. Structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was obtained by 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS data. Prior to further pharmacological investigations, the extracts (100 - 6.25 µg/mL) and compounds 1: - 12: (50 - 5 µM) were tested for their influence on viability of a murine macrophage cell line (J774A.1). Subsequently, extracts and compounds that did not impede viability, were studied for their inhibitory effect on some mediators of inflammation in J774A.1 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli (LPS). The NO release and the expression of iNOS and COX-2 were then evaluated and both extracts (50 - 6.25 µg/mL) and compounds (20 - 5 µM) significantly inhibited NO release as well as iNOS and COX-2 expression in macrophages. These data highlight the anti-inflammatory properties of several isolated compounds from U. minor samaras supporting their possible alimentary use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marinella De Leo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Giorgia Magliocca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Marzocco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
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Guan H, Luo W, Bao B, Cao Y, Cheng F, Yu S, Fan Q, Zhang L, Wu Q, Shan M. A Comprehensive Review of Rosmarinic Acid: From Phytochemistry to Pharmacology and Its New Insight. Molecules 2022; 27:3292. [PMID: 35630768 PMCID: PMC9143754 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic acids are the widely occurring natural products in almost each herbal plant, among which rosmarinic acid (RA, C18H16O8) is well-known, and is present in over 160 species belonging to many families, especially the Lamiaceae. Aside from this herbal ingredient, dozens of its natural derivatives have also been isolated and characterized from many natural plants. In recent years, with the increasing focus on the natural products as alternative treatments, a large number of pharmacological studies have been carried out to demonstrate the various biological activities of RA such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-virus, anti-tumor, neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, etc. In addition, investigations concerning its biosynthesis, extraction, analysis, clinical applications, and pharmacokinetics have also been performed. Although many achievements have been made in various research aspects, there still exist some problems or issues to be answered, especially its toxicity and bioavailability. Thus, we hope that in the case of natural products, the present review can not only provide a comprehensive understanding on RA covering its miscellaneous research fields, but also highlight some of the present issues and future perspectives worth investigating later, in order to help us utilize this polyphenolic acid more efficiently, widely, and safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaquan Guan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (H.G.); (W.L.); (Q.F.)
| | - Wenbin Luo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (H.G.); (W.L.); (Q.F.)
| | - Beihua Bao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (B.B.); (Y.C.); (F.C.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.W.)
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yudan Cao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (B.B.); (Y.C.); (F.C.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.W.)
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fangfang Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (B.B.); (Y.C.); (F.C.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.W.)
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (B.B.); (Y.C.); (F.C.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.W.)
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiaoling Fan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (H.G.); (W.L.); (Q.F.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (B.B.); (Y.C.); (F.C.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.W.)
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (B.B.); (Y.C.); (F.C.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.W.)
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingqiu Shan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (B.B.); (Y.C.); (F.C.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.); (Q.W.)
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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7
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Xu Y, Chen G, Guo M. Correlations between phytochemical fingerprints of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts and their antioxidant activities revealed by chemometric analysis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:698-709. [PMID: 33319431 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Moringa oleifera Lam. is widely cultivated and applied in tropical and subtropical areas. Numerous studies have been focused on the antioxidant capacity of M. oleifera leaves, but its correlated bioactive phytochemicals remain elusive. OBJECTIVE In order to search for the corresponding chemical compounds from M. oleifera leaves responsible for their antioxidant activity, the correlations between phytochemical fingerprints of 15 batches of M. oleifera leaves and their antioxidant activities were investigated by using chemometric analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifteen batches of M. oleifera leaves were extracted with 90% ethanol solution, and their phytochemical fingerprints and antioxidant activities were estimated by using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet-electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-UV/ESI-MS/MS), and three detected methods, namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, respectively. Chemometric analysis was then applied to reveal the correlations between their phytochemical fingerprints and corresponding antioxidant capacity. RESULTS Fifteen M. oleifera leaf extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activities, in which 24 common compounds were identified by LC-MS. Furthermore, the partial least squares (PLS) analysis indicated that compounds 14, 16, 18 and 23 were the main potential effective components in at least two antioxidant tests. They were identified as kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, quercetin 3-O-(6″-malonyl-glucoside), kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, and quercetin derivative, respectively. CONCLUSION The correlations between phytochemical fingerprints of M. oleifera leaf extracts and their corresponding antioxidant capacities were revealed by chemometric analysis, which provides an alternative method for screening for potential bioactive compounds with antioxidant capacity from M. oleifera leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Iannuzzi AM, Giacomelli C, De Leo M, Russo L, Camangi F, De Tommasi N, Braca A, Martini C, Trincavelli ML. Cornus sanguinea Fruits: a Source of Antioxidant and Antisenescence Compounds Acting on Aged Human Dermal and Gingival Fibroblasts. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:879-891. [PMID: 33860477 DOI: 10.1055/a-1471-6666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Five new compounds, a flavonol glycoside ( 1: ), a megastigmane ( 2: ), 2 cyclohexylethanoids ( 3, 4: ), and a phenylethanoid derivative ( 5: ), together with 15 known compounds ( 6: - 20: ) including flavonoid glycosides, cyclohexylethanoids, and phenolic compounds, have been isolated from Cornus sanguinea drupes. All the structures have been determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis and mass spectrometry data. The antioxidant capability of the most representative isolated compounds was evaluated in the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced premature cellular senescence model of human dermal and gingival fibroblasts. Several derivatives counteracted the increase of reactive oxigen species (ROS) production in both cellular models. Among the most promising, compounds 8, 14: , and 20: were able to counteract cell senescence, decreasing the expression of p21 and p53. Furthermore, compound 14: decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) in both cell models and counteracted the decrease of collagen expression induced by the H2O2 in dermal human fibroblasts. These data highlight the anti-aging properties of several isolated compounds from C. sanguinea drupes, supporting its possible use in the cure of skin or periodontitis lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Giacomelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marinella De Leo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lara Russo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabiano Camangi
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Trincavelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, Pisa, Italy
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Chu H, Wang J, Wang Q, Chen J, Li J, Li H, Zhang L. Protective Effect of n-Butanol Extract from Viola yedoensis on Immunological Liver Injury. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2001043. [PMID: 33929783 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202001043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Viola yedoensis Makino was used to treat inflammation, viral hepatitis, acute pyogenic infection, and ulcerative carbuncles. However, the protective effect on immunological liver injury (ILI) of V. yedoensis had been rarely reported. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of n-butanol extract (BE) from V. yedoensis on ILI in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the BE significantly inhibited the secretions of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in the HepG2.2.15 cells and the replication of HBV DNA. The research data in vivo revealed that the BE reduced the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) in liver tissues of the ConA-induced mice, while increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and the effective contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and the BE could ameliorate liver histological lesions. These results motivated a further investigation into the chemical constituents of BE. Four coumarins (esculetin, prionanthoside, cichoriin, and esculin) and one flavonoid (quercetin-3-O-galactoside) were isolated from the BE by silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization, of which structures were eventually confirmed by 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Chu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Jiexin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Jiaoning Li
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Hangying Li
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China.,Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Liming Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China.,Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education (Ningxia Medical University), Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
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Castaldo L, Izzo L, De Pascale S, Narváez A, Rodriguez-Carrasco Y, Ritieni A. Chemical Composition, In Vitro Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenolic Compounds from Nutraceutical Fennel Waste Extract. Molecules 2021; 26:1968. [PMID: 33807371 PMCID: PMC8037122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) waste contains a broad range of bioactive molecules, including polyphenols, which have poor bioaccessibility during gastrointestinal digestion. This work aimed to investigate the bioaccessibility of total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant capacity during simulated gastrointestinal digestion using two nutraceutical formulations based on non-acid-resistant (NAR) and acid-resistant (AR) capsules containing aqueous-based extracts from fennel waste. Moreover, to obtain a comprehensive investigation of the polyphenolic constituents of the fennel waste extract, a high-resolution mass spectrometry (Q-Orbitrap) analysis was performed. Notably, chlorogenic acids, such as 4-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, were the most detected compounds found in assayed samples (1.949 and 0.490 mg/g, respectively). After in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, the extract contained in AR capsules displayed higher bioaccessibility in both the duodenal and colonic stages (1.96 and 5.19 mg GAE/g, respectively) than NAR capsules (1.72 and 3.50 mg GAE/g, respectively), suggesting that the acidic gastric conditions negatively affected the polyphenol compounds released from the NAR capsules. Therefore, the aqueous extract of fennel waste could be proposed as an innovative and easily available source of dietary polyphenols. Furthermore, the use of an AR capsule could improve the polyphenol bioaccessibility and can be proposed as a nutraceutical formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Castaldo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 49 Domenico Montesano Street, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Luana Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 49 Domenico Montesano Street, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Stefania De Pascale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Alfonso Narváez
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 49 Domenico Montesano Street, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Yelko Rodriguez-Carrasco
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valéncia, Spain;
| | - Alberto Ritieni
- Staff of UNESCO Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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Ayouaz S, Oliveira-Alves SC, Serra AT, Lefsih K, Samah M, Bento da Silva A, Madani K, Bronze MR. LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS analysis and cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of chlorogenic acid derivative rich extract from Nerium oleander L. pink flowers. Food Funct 2021; 12:3624-3634. [PMID: 33900304 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02640a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nerium oleander L. is a widely used medicinal plant for pharmaceutical purposes. In this work, an extract of the pink flowers of this plant (FE) was characterized in terms of phenolic composition by LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS and bioactivity, namely, antioxidant and antiproliferative effects. A total of 20 compounds from different classes, including derivatives of phenolic acids and flavonoid glycosylated derivatives, were identified in FE. Chlorogenic acid was the dominant phenolic compound in the extract (62.28 ± 1.74 μg mg-1 of dry extract). The antioxidant activity was assessed by ORAC assay, and FE showed an ability to reduce peroxyl radicals (ORAC value of 791.26 μmol TEAC per g DE). Additionally, the FE inhibited the proliferation of a colorectal cancer cell line (HT29 cells, EC50 = 11.72 ± 0.02 μg mL-1) and showed no cytotoxicity to confluent Caco-2 cells, a model of human intestinal epithelium. These results provide new information about the phenolic composition of Nerium oleander pink flowers and the bioactivity of the extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham Ayouaz
- Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Biophysique, Biochimie et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algérie.
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12
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Chemical profile and nutraceutical features of Salsola soda (agretti): Anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential of its flavonoids. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Silveira D, Prieto-Garcia JM, Boylan F, Estrada O, Fonseca-Bazzo YM, Jamal CM, Magalhães PO, Pereira EO, Tomczyk M, Heinrich M. COVID-19: Is There Evidence for the Use of Herbal Medicines as Adjuvant Symptomatic Therapy? Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:581840. [PMID: 33071794 PMCID: PMC7542597 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.581840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current recommendations for the self-management of SARS-Cov-2 disease (COVID-19) include self-isolation, rest, hydration, and the use of NSAID in case of high fever only. It is expected that many patients will add other symptomatic/adjuvant treatments, such as herbal medicines. AIMS To provide a benefits/risks assessment of selected herbal medicines traditionally indicated for "respiratory diseases" within the current frame of the COVID-19 pandemic as an adjuvant treatment. METHOD The plant selection was primarily based on species listed by the WHO and EMA, but some other herbal remedies were considered due to their widespread use in respiratory conditions. Preclinical and clinical data on their efficacy and safety were collected from authoritative sources. The target population were adults with early and mild flu symptoms without underlying conditions. These were evaluated according to a modified PrOACT-URL method with paracetamol, ibuprofen, and codeine as reference drugs. The benefits/risks balance of the treatments was classified as positive, promising, negative, and unknown. RESULTS A total of 39 herbal medicines were identified as very likely to appeal to the COVID-19 patient. According to our method, the benefits/risks assessment of the herbal medicines was found to be positive in 5 cases (Althaea officinalis, Commiphora molmol, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Hedera helix, and Sambucus nigra), promising in 12 cases (Allium sativum, Andrographis paniculata, Echinacea angustifolia, Echinacea purpurea, Eucalyptus globulus essential oil, Justicia pectoralis, Magnolia officinalis, Mikania glomerata, Pelargonium sidoides, Pimpinella anisum, Salix sp, Zingiber officinale), and unknown for the rest. On the same grounds, only ibuprofen resulted promising, but we could not find compelling evidence to endorse the use of paracetamol and/or codeine. CONCLUSIONS Our work suggests that several herbal medicines have safety margins superior to those of reference drugs and enough levels of evidence to start a clinical discussion about their potential use as adjuvants in the treatment of early/mild common flu in otherwise healthy adults within the context of COVID-19. While these herbal medicines will not cure or prevent the flu, they may both improve general patient well-being and offer them an opportunity to personalize the therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dâmaris Silveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Jose Maria Prieto-Garcia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Boylan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Omar Estrada
- Biophysics and Biochemistry Center, Venezuelan Institute of Scientific Research, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | | | | | - Edson Oliveira Pereira
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Michal Tomczyk
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
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14
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Bayrami A, Shirdel A, Rahim Pouran S, Mahmoudi F, Habibi-Yangjeh A, Singh R, Abdul Raman AA. Co-regulative effects of chitosan-fennel seed extract system on the hormonal and biochemical factors involved in the polycystic ovarian syndrome. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 117:111351. [PMID: 32919695 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
There is a renewed interest in the application of chitosan-based drug delivery systems over the last few years. In this study, the ionic gelation method was used to prepare chitosan-engaged tripolyphosphate ions, as the cross-linking molecule, (Chit-TPP) and concurrent loading of the biomolecules of the ethanolic extract of fennel, Foeniculum vulgare, seed (FEC@NBC). The samples were characterized by SEM, DLS, TGA, FTIR, XRD, GC-MS, and zeta potential, and their effects on the related hormonal and biochemical factors of the rats with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) were assessed. The estradiol valerate-induced PCOS in female rats was confirmed by vaginal smear test and subsequent histological screening. The PCOS-induced rats were treated by fennel seed extract (FSX), Chit-TPP, and FEC@NBC. The process of treatment was monitored by measuring the serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, insulin, glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and total triglyceride after 16 days of treatment and compared with healthy control and untreated PCOS-control groups. The FEC@NBC administration contributed to the remarkable hormonal, glucose, and lipid profile regulation in the rats with PCOS. The significance of FEC@NBC performance in dealing with PCOS complications compared to that of the only extract could be resulted from the effective targeted delivery and stability of phytomolecules when encapsulated in Chit-TPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Bayrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P.O. Box 179, Ardabil, Iran..
| | - Arezoo Shirdel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P.O. Box 179, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Shima Rahim Pouran
- Centre of Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Processing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Environmental and Occupational Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Fariba Mahmoudi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P.O. Box 179, Ardabil, Iran..
| | - Aziz Habibi-Yangjeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P.O. Box 179, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Ramesh Singh
- Centre of Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Processing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Tunku Highway, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
| | - Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Panzella L, Moccia F, Nasti R, Marzorati S, Verotta L, Napolitano A. Bioactive Phenolic Compounds From Agri-Food Wastes: An Update on Green and Sustainable Extraction Methodologies. Front Nutr 2020; 7:60. [PMID: 32457916 PMCID: PMC7221145 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are broadly represented in plant kingdom, and their occurrence in easily accessible low-cost sources like wastes from agri-food processing have led in the last decade to an increase of interest in their recovery and further exploitation. Indeed, most of these compounds are endowed with beneficial properties to human health (e.g., in the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular diseases), that may be largely ascribed to their potent antioxidant and scavenging activity against reactive oxygen species generated in settings of oxidative stress and responsible for the onset of several inflammatory and degenerative diseases. Apart from their use as food supplements or as additives in functional foods, natural phenolic compounds have become increasingly attractive also from a technological point of view, due to their possible exploitation in materials science. Several extraction methodologies have been reported for the recovery of phenolic compounds from agri-food wastes mostly based on the use of organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, or acetone. However, there is an increasing need for green and sustainable approaches leading to phenolic-rich extracts with low environmental impact. This review addresses the most promising and innovative methodologies for the recovery of functional phenolic compounds from waste materials that have appeared in the recent literature. In particular, extraction procedures based on the use of green technologies (supercritical fluid, microwaves, ultrasounds) as well as of green solvents such as deep eutectic solvents (DES) are surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Moccia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Nasti
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Marzorati
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisella Verotta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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16
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Traditional usage of medicinal plants among the local communities of Peshawar valley, Pakistan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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17
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Jridi M, Abdelhedi O, Kchaou H, Msaddak L, Nasri M, Zouari N, Fakhfakh N. Vine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves as a functional ingredient in pistachio calisson formulations. FOOD BIOSCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2019.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Valduga AT, Gonçalves IL, Magri E, Delalibera Finzer JR. Chemistry, pharmacology and new trends in traditional functional and medicinal beverages. Food Res Int 2018; 120:478-503. [PMID: 31000264 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Functional and medicinal beverages consumption plays an important role in human health, considering that metabolites, with a wide range of pharmacological effects, are inserted in the human diet. Nowadays, the most consumed beverages are obtained from Camellia sinensis leaves and coffee grain processing, and contain different classes of polyphenols and phenolic acids in their phytochemical composition. Besides C. sinensis and coffee, numerous plants have been receiving attention due to their phytochemical composition and pharmacological effects, such as yerba mate, hibiscus, chamomile, lemongrass, fennel and mentha. Furthermore, atomized or lyophilized medicinal plant extracts can be employed in many beverage formulations and the consumption of these products is an excellent delivery means for nutrients and bioactive compounds, such as: minerals, vitamins, terpenes, antioxidants, saponins, alkaloids and polysaccharides. Innovation in food processing in order to insert functional and medicinal beverages in the human diet poses a challenge for the coming years. The technological development of new processing forms and use of plants with bioactive metabolites could be an important tool in relation to this proposal. In this context, this review has aimed to summarize and analyze pharmacological, phytochemistry and technological aspects of species with classical ethnobotanical and traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Teresa Valduga
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Campus Erechim, Avenida Sete de Setembro, 1621, CEP 99700-000, Erechim, RS, Brazil.
| | - Itamar Luís Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, CEP 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Campus Erechim, Avenida Sete de Setembro, 1621, CEP 99700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ederlan Magri
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões - URI, Campus Erechim, Avenida Sete de Setembro, 1621, CEP 99700-000, Erechim, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências do Solo, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540 - Juvevê, CEP 80035-050, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - José Roberto Delalibera Finzer
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Universidade de Uberaba-UNIUBE, Campus Aeroporto, Av. Nenê Sabino 1802, CEP 38055-500 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
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Chahbani A, Fakhfakh N, Balti MA, Mabrouk M, El-Hatmi H, Zouari N, Kechaou N. Microwave drying effects on drying kinetics, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of green peas (Pisum sativum L.). FOOD BIOSCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Taviano MF, Rashed K, Filocamo A, Cacciola F, Dugo P, Mondello L, Bisignano C, Acquaviva R, D’Arrigo M, Miceli N. Phenolic profile and biological properties of the leaves of Ficus vasta Forssk. (Moraceae) growing in Egypt. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:161. [PMID: 29769066 PMCID: PMC5956820 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2210-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ficus vasta Forssk. (Moraceae) is traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments; nonetheless, this species has been poorly studied to date. This work aimed to characterize the phenolic profile and to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of a hydroalcoholic extract obtained from F. vasta leaves collected in Egypt. METHODS The phenolic profile of the extract was characterized by HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS. The antioxidant properties were examined by different in vitro systems: DPPH test, reducing power and metal chelating activity assays. Moreover, the ability of the extract to protect Escherichia coli growth and survival from H2O2-induced oxidative stress was evaluated. The potential toxicity was investigated using Artemia salina lethality bioassay. Finally, the antimicrobial properties against a representative set of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and the yeast C. albicans were assayed by standard methods. RESULTS By HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS analysis 12 compounds belonging to the groups of phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified. The extract exhibited strong radical scavenging activity in DPPH test (IC50 = 0.0672 ± 0.0038 mg/mL), reducing power (3.65 ± 0.48 ASE/mL) and chelating activity (IC50 = 0.801 ± 0.007 mg/mL). A total protection against H2O2-induced damage on E. coli was observed. No toxicity against A. salina was found (LC50 > 1000 μg/mL). The extract exhibited bacteriostatic activity against almost all the bacteria tested (MICs: 250-62.5 μg/mL). CONCLUSIONS The obtained results demonstrate the potential of F. vasta leaves as safe sources of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds.
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Mijangos-Ramos IF, Zapata-Estrella HE, Ruiz-Vargas JA, Escalante-Erosa F, Gómez-Ojeda N, García-Sosa K, Cechinel-Filho V, Meira-Quintão NL, Peña-Rodríguez LM. Bioactive dicaffeoylquinic acid derivatives from the root extract of Calea urticifolia. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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Pacifico S, Galasso S, Piccolella S, Kretschmer N, Pan SP, Nocera P, Lettieri A, Bauer R, Monaco P. Winter wild fennel leaves as a source of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant polyphenols. ARAB J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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23
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Li F, Sun XY, Li XW, Yang T, Qi LW. Enrichment and separation of quercetin-3-O-β- d -glucuronide from lotus leaves ( nelumbo nucifera gaertn.) and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory effect. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1040:186-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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24
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Foeniculum vulgare: A comprehensive review of its traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and safety. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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25
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Im NR, Kim HS, Ha JH, Noh GY, Park SN. Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities of Dicaffeoylquinic Acid Derivatives Isolated from Gnaphalium Affine D. DON. APPLIED CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.14478/ace.2015.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Liu L, Cen Y, Liu F, Yu J, Jiang X, Chen X. Analysis of α-amylase inhibitor from corni fructus by coupling magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates of α-amylase with HPLC–MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 995-996:64-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Liu MW, Su MX, Wang YH, Qian CY. Effect of Melilotus extract on lung injury via the upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8-like 2 in septic mice. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1675-84. [PMID: 25405912 PMCID: PMC4270336 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Melilotus extracts have been reported to function as an anti-inflammatory agent, antioxidant and inhibitor of capillary permeability. The present study aimed to identify the mechanisms by which Melilotus interferes with inflammation-associated and oxidative stress pathways during sepsis. An animal model of cecal ligation-perforation (CLP)-induced sepsis was established. Two hours prior to surgery, animals in the treatment group were administered 25 mg/kg Melilotus extract tablets and subsequently every 8 h. At 24 h post-administration, pathological modifications in lung tissue and expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8-like 2 (TIPE2) expression, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), inhibitor of κB kinase (IκB), pro-inflammatory mediators (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were examined. The results showed that Melilotus extract had a marked effect on the pathological manifestation of lung tissue and lung inflammatory response, the upregulation of TIPE2, HO-1 and IκB expression, and the inhibition of TLR4 and NF-κB activities. In addition, following treatment with Melilotus extract, the model animals demonstrated decreased levels of MPO and MDA as well as increased levels of SOD. In conclusion, these results indicated that Melilotus extract may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of CLP-induced lung injury, the mechanism of which proceeded via inflammation- and oxidation-associated pathways by increasing TIPE2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Wei Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Xian Su
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Hui Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Yun Qian
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P.R. China
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He W, Yang C, Wang M, Li F. A novel phenolic acid from the fruits of Rosa soulieana. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:1127-33. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.915826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun He
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Mingkui Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Fu Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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Malla S, Pandey RP, Kim BG, Sohng JK. Regiospecific modifications of naringenin for astragalin production in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 110:2525-35. [PMID: 23568509 DOI: 10.1002/bit.24919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the production of astragalin (AST) from regiospecific modifications of naringenin (NRN) in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The exogenously supplied NRN was converted into dihydrokaempferol (DHK) and then kaempferol (KMF) in the presence of flavanone-3-hydroxylase (f3h) and flavonone synthase (fls1) from Arabidopsis thaliana, respectively. KMF was further modified to produce AST by 3-O-glucosylation utilizing the endogeneous UDP-glucose in presence of UGT78K1 from Glycine max. To increase the intracellular UDP-glucose concentration by channeling the carbon flux toward UDP-glucose at the branch point of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), the chromosomal glucose phosphate isomerase (pgi) and D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (zwf) were knocked-out in E. coli BL21(DE3). The two enzymes directly involved in the synthesis of UDP-glucose from G6P, phosphoglucomutase (nfa44530) from Nocardia farcinia and glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (galU) from E. coli K12 were overexpressed, which successfully diverted the carbon flow from glycolysis to the synthesis of UDP-glucose. Furthermore, to prevent the dissociation of UDP-glucose into UDP and glucose, the UDP-glucose hydrolase (ushA) was deleted. The E. coli ΔpgiΔzwfΔushA mutant harboring the UDP-glucose biosynthetic pathway and the aforementioned genes for the regiospecific glucosylation produced 109.3 mg/L (244 µM) of AST representing 48.8% conversion from 500 µM of NRN in 60 h without any supplementation of extracellular UDP-glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailesh Malla
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology and Biomaterials, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Gad HA, El-Ahmady SH, Abou-Shoer MI, Al-Azizi MM. Application of chemometrics in authentication of herbal medicines: a review. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2013; 24:1-24. [PMID: 22678654 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Herbal medicines (HM) and their preparations have been widely used for hundreds of years all over the world. However, they have not been officially recognised due to a lack of adequate or accepted research methodology for their evaluation. OBJECTIVE To present a concise overview of the recent applications of chemometrics in solving the ambiguity of herbal medicine authentication during the last two decades. METHODOLOGY Studies involving the applications of chemometric analysis in combination with different analytical methods were classified according to the method of analysis used including chromatographic (HPLC, GC and CE), spectroscopic (NMR, IR, UV and ICP) and genetic analysis (RAPD). The purpose of each of these studies was classified into one of three main categories: taxonomic discrimination, quality assessment or classification between plants of different geographic origins. RESULTS This review comprises over 150 studies, covering the past two decades, emphasising the significance of chemometric methods in the discrimination of many herbs from closely related species and from adulterants, based on the principal bioactive components and phytochemical diversity. Furthermore, the differentiation between varieties and hybrids was achieved in addition to the prediction of the active components by quantitative methods of analysis. Discrimination according to geographical origin and localities, processing methods, DNA profiling and metabolomics were also efficiently investigated. CONCLUSION Chemometric methods have provided an efficient and powerful tool for the quality control and authentication of different herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidy A Gad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566-Cairo, Egypt.
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Xiao JS, Xie BJ, Cao YP, Wu H, Sun ZD, Xiao D. Characterization of oligomeric procyanidins and identification of quercetin glucuronide from lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) seedpod. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:2825-2829. [PMID: 22369273 DOI: 10.1021/jf205331e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Procyanidins are a class of polyphenols in the plant kingdom. Lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) seedpods, the inedible part of lotus and a byproduct during the production of lotus seeds, were found to be a new source rich in procyanidins. Detailed information about oligomeric procyanidins in lotus seedpods remains unknown. In this study, lotus seedpods were extracted using 60% aqueous methanol and characterized with phloroglucinolysis and liquid chromatography (mass spectrometry with an electrospray ionization source). The results indicate that the oligomeric and polymeric fraction had a mean degree of polymerization of 3.2 and 15.4, respectively, and consisted of (+)-catechin (m/z 289), gallocatechin or epigallocatechin (m/z 305), quercetin glycoside (m/z 463), quercetin glucuronide (m/z 477), procyanidin dimers (m/z 577.1), proanthocyanidin dimer gallate (m/z 593.3), prodelphinidin dimers (m/z 609.1), procyanidin trimers (m/z 865.1), etc. Quercetin glucuronide was further purified using flash chromatography and identified as quercetin-3-O-β-glucuronide by determining its exact mass using ion-trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry and ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance, ¹H-detected heteronuclear single-quantum coherence, and ¹H-detected heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Song Xiao
- Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business University-BTBU, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
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Glucosylation of the flavonoid, astragalin by Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMCM dextransucrase acceptor reactions and characterization of the products. Enzyme Microb Technol 2012; 50:50-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Malo C, Gil L, Cano R, González N, Luño V. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) provides antioxidant protection for boar semen cryopreservation. Andrologia 2011; 44 Suppl 1:710-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2011.01254.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Comparison of the constituents of Apocynum venetum and acidified Apocynum venetum by liquid chromatography–UV diode array detection–electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhang Y, Liu C, Zhang Z, Qi Y, Wu G, Li S. Fast differentiation of Apocynum venetum with related species by UPLC/MS and UPLC/SPE/NMR. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9624-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhang Y, Liu C, Zhang Z, Wang J, Wu G, Li S. Comprehensive separation and identification of chemical constituents from Apocynum venetum leaves by high-performance counter-current chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:3149-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Petersen M, Abdullah Y, Benner J, Eberle D, Gehlen K, Hücherig S, Janiak V, Kim KH, Sander M, Weitzel C, Wolters S. Evolution of rosmarinic acid biosynthesis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1663-79. [PMID: 19560175 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2009] [Revised: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid and chlorogenic acid are caffeic acid esters widely found in the plant kingdom and presumably accumulated as defense compounds. In a survey, more than 240 plant species have been screened for the presence of rosmarinic and chlorogenic acids. Several rosmarinic acid-containing species have been detected. The rosmarinic acid accumulation in species of the Marantaceae has not been known before. Rosmarinic acid is found in hornworts, in the fern family Blechnaceae and in species of several orders of mono- and dicotyledonous angiosperms. The biosyntheses of caffeoylshikimate, chlorogenic acid and rosmarinic acid use 4-coumaroyl-CoA from the general phenylpropanoid pathway as hydroxycinnamoyl donor. The hydroxycinnamoyl acceptor substrate comes from the shikimate pathway: shikimic acid, quinic acid and hydroxyphenyllactic acid derived from l-tyrosine. Similar steps are involved in the biosyntheses of rosmarinic, chlorogenic and caffeoylshikimic acids: the transfer of the 4-coumaroyl moiety to an acceptor molecule by a hydroxycinnamoyltransferase from the BAHD acyltransferase family and the meta-hydroxylation of the 4-coumaroyl moiety in the ester by a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase from the CYP98A family. The hydroxycinnamoyltransferases as well as the meta-hydroxylases show high sequence similarities and thus seem to be closely related. The hydroxycinnamoyltransferase and CYP98A14 from Coleus blumei (Lamiaceae) are nevertheless specific for substrates involved in RA biosynthesis showing an evolutionary diversification in phenolic ester metabolism. Our current view is that only a few enzymes had to be "invented" for rosmarinic acid biosynthesis probably on the basis of genes needed for the formation of chlorogenic and caffeoylshikimic acid while further biosynthetic steps might have been recruited from phenylpropanoid metabolism, tocopherol/plastoquinone biosynthesis and photorespiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Petersen
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
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Lin HY, Kuo YH, Lin YL, Chiang W. Antioxidative effect and active components from leaves of Lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera ). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:6623-6629. [PMID: 19572539 DOI: 10.1021/jf900950z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The DPPH scavenging effect, the inhibition of human low-density lipoprotein oxidation, and antioxidative contents were employed for the activity-guided purification to identify the antioxidant components of lotus leaves (leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.). The methanolic extract of lotus leaves (LLM) was separated into ethyl acetate (LLME), n-butanol (LLMB), and water (LLMW) fractions. LLME and LLMB exhibited greater capacity to scavenge DPPH radical, delayed LDL oxidation, and had higher antioxidative contents than LLMW. Seven flavonoids were isolated from both fractions by column chromatography. On the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments and MS data analyses, these compounds were identified as catechin (1), quercetin (2), quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (4), quercetin-3-O-galactopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-glucopyranoside (6), and myricetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (7). Quercetin and its glycosides (compounds 2-5) exerted potent inhibition of LDL oxidation, whereas myricetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (7) showed stronger DPPH scavenging activity. These results indicate that the antioxidant capacity of lotus leaves is partially relevant to its flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, Center for Food and Biomolecules, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Abstract
South African herbal teas, rooibos and honeybush, are increasingly enjoyed as healthy alternatives to Camellia sinensis teas. They contribute to the diet with bioactive phytochemicals not commonly found in foods. Major compounds of rooibos are the unique dihydrochalcone, aspalathin, and its flavone isomers, orientin and isoorientin. Honeybush contributes the xanthones, mangiferin and isomangiferin and the flavanones, eriocitrin, narirutin and hesperidin. All these compounds are either C-glucosides or O-rhamnoglucosides, which are poorly absorbed. Phase II metabolism and degradation by intestinal bacteria are important factors in their absorption. Modulation of drug metabolising enzymes is indicated which not only could affect the therapeutic window of drugs, but also the bioavailability of other dietary flavonoids.
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Castillo-Muñoz N, Gómez-Alonso S, García-Romero E, Gómez MV, Velders AH, Hermosín-Gutiérrez I. Flavonol 3-O-glycosides series of Vitis vinifera Cv. Petit Verdot red wine grapes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:209-19. [PMID: 19061313 DOI: 10.1021/jf802863g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Petit Verdot grape skins by solid-phase extraction using a combination of reverse-phase and ion-exchanging materials. This procedure allowed us to separate a fraction of anthocyanin-free flavonol 3-O-glycosides that was further split into neutral and acidic subfractions, thus facilitating flavonol identification. By means of semipreparative reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, we isolated several of these flavonol 3-O-glycosides for structural elucidation. The identification of different flavonol 3-O-glycosides was based on liquid chromatography-diode array detection-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry and NMR data when available. The results suggest that red grape flavonol 3-O-glycosides comprise three different complete series, according to the nature of the sugar moiety linked to the C-3 position. The 3-O-glucosides were the main derivative of the six possible flavonol aglycones (kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, laricitrin, and syringetin), whereas the 3-O-galactoside derivatives were found as minor compounds for all of the flavonol aglycones. The 3-O-glucuronides are the third kind of red grape flavonol derivatives and normally account as minor compounds for all of the flavonol aglycones, with the exception of quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, which was as abundant as quercetin 3-O-glucoside. In addition, the presence of quercetin 3-O-(6"-rhamnosyl)-glucoside (rutin) was also detected as a trace compound in the skins of Petit Verdot grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Castillo-Muñoz
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada, Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
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Faudale M, Viladomat F, Bastida J, Poli F, Codina C. Antioxidant activity and phenolic composition of wild, edible, and medicinal fennel from different Mediterranean countries. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:1912-20. [PMID: 18303817 DOI: 10.1021/jf073083c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is a typical aromatic plant of the Mediterranean area, long used as a medicinal and spice herb. Fennel is also well-known for its essential oil, which has been extensively studied for many years owing to its commercial importance. In this work, the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as the quantitative determination of individual flavonoids and phenolic acids of wild, edible, and medicinal fennel from different Mediterranean countries, have been determined. The antioxidant activity was measured as the free radical (DPPH), hydroxyl radical, and superoxide anion scavenging activities. Wild fennel was found to exhibit a radical scavenging activity, as well as a total phenolic and total flavonoid content, higher than those of both medicinal and edible fennels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Faudale
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
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Guo JZ, Cui H, Zhou W, Wang W. Ag nanoparticle-catalyzed chemiluminescent reaction between luminol and hydrogen peroxide. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2007.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kim HJ, Jin CB, Lee YS. Isolation and Antioxidative Activities of Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivatives and Flavonoid Glycosides from Leaves of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2007. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2007.15.1.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Lhuillier A, Fabre N, Moyano F, Martins N, Claparols C, Fourasté I, Moulis C. Comparison of flavonoid profiles of Agauria salicifolia (Ericaceae) by liquid chromatography-UV diode array detection-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1160:13-20. [PMID: 17433343 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2006] [Revised: 03/01/2007] [Accepted: 03/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to negative electrospray ionisation (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was used for the rapid and sensitive identification of flavonoid compounds in Agauria salicifolia. The leaf flavonoid content in individual of A. salicifolia originating from population with contrasted ecogeographical situation and morphological characteristics was found to be variable qualitatively and highly variable quantitatively. Identification of the compounds was carried out by interpretation of UV, MS and MS/MS spectra. Fourteen flavonoids were identified, all of which had not previously been reported in Agauria spp. Two flavonol-O-glucuronides were found to differentiate the two populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Lhuillier
- UMR-152 IRD-UPS Laboratoire Pharmacochimie des Substances Naturelles et Pharmacophores Redox, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université Paul-Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 09, France
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Zhang X, Hung TM, Phuong PT, Ngoc TM, Min BS, Song KS, Seong YH, Bae K. Anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids from Populus davidiana. Arch Pharm Res 2007; 29:1102-8. [PMID: 17225458 DOI: 10.1007/bf02969299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An in vitro bioassay-guide revealed that the methanol (MeOH) extract of the stem bark of Populus davidiana showed considerable inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase (COX-1, COX-2). Continuous phytochemical study of the MeOH extract of this plant led to the isolation of ten flavonoids; sakuranetin (1), rhamnocitrin (2), 7-O-methylaromadendrin (3), naringenin (4), eriodictyol (5), aromadendrin (6), kaempferol (7), neosakuranin (8), sakuranin (9) and sakurenetin-5,4'-di-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10). Their structures were identified on the basis of their physicochemical and spectroscopic analyses. The isolated compounds, 1-10, were tested for their inhibitory activities against COX-1 and COX-2. Compound 7 was found to have potent inhibitory effect on COX-1 and a moderate effect on COX-2, meanwhile, compounds 1-6 showed moderate inhibition against COX-1 only. Moreover, compounds 5-8 exhibited suppressive effects on xanthine oxidase (XO). These results may explain, in part, the traditional uses of P. davidiana in ethnomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinFeng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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Krizman M, Baricevic D, Prosek M. Determination of phenolic compounds in fennel by HPLC and HPLC-MS using a monolithic reversed-phase column. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 43:481-5. [PMID: 16930913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2006] [Revised: 07/13/2006] [Accepted: 07/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for analyzing phenolic compounds in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) has been developed. The use of a monolithic column with short dimensions in combination with optimized chromatographic conditions allows over 100 samples per day to be analyzed. Chromatographic parameters such as column temperature and injection volume, were found to be crucial in obtaining adequate selectivity and resolution, consequently allowing short run times. The method was validated for the major phenolic compounds present in fennel plant material: 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), chlorogenic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4-CQA), eriocitrin, rutin, miquelianin, 1,3-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,3-diCQA), 1,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,5-diCQA), 1,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,4-diCQA) and rosmarinic acid. The limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.05 to 1.0 microg/mL and from 0.15 to 2.5 microg/mL, respectively. With some adaptation, the extraction procedure could be even less invasive, which is useful in screening work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitja Krizman
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Pereira CG, Meireles MAA. Economic analysis of rosemary, fennel and anise essential oils obtained by supercritical fluid extraction. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Characterization of the phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of extracts from Teaw (Cratoxylum formosum Dyer). Food Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yáñez JA, Miranda ND, Remsberg CM, Ohgami Y, Davies NM. Stereospecific high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of eriodictyol in urine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 43:255-62. [PMID: 16876977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2006] [Revised: 06/15/2006] [Accepted: 06/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A stereospecific method of analysis of eriodictyol [5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone] in biological fluids is necessary to study the kinetics of in vitro and in vivo metabolism, and tissue distribution in fruits and humans. A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the stereospecific determination of eriodictyol in rat and human urine. Separation was achieved on a Chiralpak OJ-RH column with UV detection at 288 nm. The stereospecific calibration curves were linear ranging from 0.5 to 100 microg/ml. The mean extraction efficiency was >98.8%. Precision of the assay was <15% (CV), and was within 12% at the limit of quantitation (0.5 microg/ml). Bias of the assay was lower than 8%, and was within 6% at the limit of quantitation. The assay was applied successfully to the urinary excretion of eriodictyol in rats and humans, and to the stereospecific quantification of eriodictyol in raw lemon juice, conventional and organic lemonade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A Yáñez
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacology and Toxicology Graduate Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6534, USA
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