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Zou Y, Mei C, Liu F, Xing D, Pang D, Li Q. The lipase inhibitory effect of mulberry leaf phenolic glycosides: The structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action. Food Chem 2024; 458:140228. [PMID: 38964110 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The present study found for the first time that phenolic glycosides were an important material basis for mulberry leaves to inhibit lipase. The corresponding IC50 for hyperoside, rutin, astragalin and quercetin were 68, 252, 385 and 815 μg/mL respectively. The inhibitory effect was ranked as monoglycosides > phenolic hydroxyl groups > disaccharides on the benzone ring. Hyperoside bound to lipase in competitive inhibition type with one binding site, while the others bound to lipase in a mixed inhibition type by two similar sites. All four compounds altered the microenvironment and secondary conformation of lipase through static quenching. The docking score, stability, and binding energy were consistent with the compound inhibitory activity. The main binding between compounds and lipase amino acid residues were spontaneously though hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The strong hydrogen bonds formed with SER-152 inside the lipase pocket, might be important for the strong inhibitory activity of hyperoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Zou
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chunying Mei
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Dongxu Xing
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Daorui Pang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Qian Li
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
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2
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Cao Q, Mei S, Mehmood A, Sun Y, Chen X. Inhibition of pancreatic lipase by coffee leaves-derived polyphenols: A mechanistic study. Food Chem 2024; 444:138514. [PMID: 38310782 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The suppression of pancreatic lipase has been employed to mitigate obesity. This study explored the mechanism of coffee leaf extracts to inhibit pancreatic lipase. The ethyl acetate fraction derived from coffee leaves (EAC) exhibited the highest inhibitory capacity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.469 mg/mL and an inhibitor constant (Ki) of 0.185 mg/mL. This fraction was enriched with 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA, 146.50 mg/g), epicatechin (87.51 mg/g), and isoquercetin (48.29 mg/g). EAC inhibited lipase in a reversible and competitive manner, and quenched its intrinsic fluorescence through a static mechanism. Molecular docking revealed that bioactive compounds in EAC bind to key amino acid residues (HIS-263, PHE-77, and SER-152) located within the active cavity of lipase. Catechin derivatives play a key role in the lipase inhibitory activity within EAC. Overall, our findings highlight the promising potential of coffee leaf extract as a functional ingredient for alleviating obesity through inhibition of lipase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China.
| | - Suhuan Mei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Xiumin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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3
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Huang H, Han MH, Gu Q, Wang JD, Zhao H, Zhai BW, Nie SM, Liu ZG, Fu YJ. Identification of pancreatic lipase inhibitors from Eucommia ulmoides tea by affinity-ultrafiltration combined UPLC-Orbitrap MS and in vitro validation. Food Chem 2023; 426:136630. [PMID: 37352710 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic lipase inhibitors can reduce blood lipids by inactivating the catalytic activity of human pancreatic lipase, a key enzyme involved in triglyceride hydrolysis, which helps control some dyslipidemic diseases. The ability of Eucommia ulmoides tea to improve fat-related diseases is closely related to the natural inhibitory components of pancreatic lipase contained in the tea. In this study, fifteen pancreatic lipase inhibitors were screened and identified from Eucommia ulmoides tea by affinity-ultrafiltration combined UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS. Four representative components of geniposidic acid, quercetin-3-O-sambuboside, isochlorogenic acid A, and quercetin with high binding degrees were further verified by nanoscale differential scanning fluorimetry (nanoDSF) and enzyme inhibitory assays. The results of flow cytometry showed that they could significantly reduce the activity of pancreatic lipase in AR42J cells induced by palmitic acid in a concentration-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that Eucommia ulmoides tea may be a promising resource for pancreatic lipase inhibitors of natural origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Huang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Ming-Hao Han
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Qi Gu
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jian-Dong Wang
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Heng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Bo-Wen Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Si-Ming Nie
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Zhi-Guo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Fu
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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4
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Zhang X, Li D, Wang K, Xie J, Liu Y, Wang T, Liu S, Huang Q, Guo Q, Wang H. Hyperoside inhibits pancreatic lipase activity in vitro and reduces fat accumulation in vivo. Food Funct 2023; 14:4763-4776. [PMID: 37128768 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03219h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hyperoside, the main component of many anti-obesity plants, might exhibit a lipase inhibition effect to reduce fat accumulation. The anti-obesity effect of hyperoside was investigated by studying its inhibitory effect and mechanism on pancreatic lipase in vitro and evaluating its ability to reduce lipid accumulation in vivo. Hyperoside is a mixed-type inhibitor of lipase with an IC50 of 0.67 ± 0.02 mmol L-in vitro. Hyperoside changed the secondary conformation of lipase, increased the α-helix content, and changed the microenvironment of lipase through static quenching. The interaction between hyperoside and lipase results from a strong binding spontaneous exothermic reaction, mainly through hydrogen bonding, van der Waals force and electrostatic force. Hyperoside protected hepatic lipid accumulation and adipose tissue hypertrophy and reduced the expression of inflammatory factors in high-fat diet-induced rats. Moreover, hyperoside had a good inhibitory effect on lipase activity in serum and increased fecal fat excretion, thereby reducing lipid absorption in vivo. This study provides theoretical support for the research and development of hyperoside in fat-reducing functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Kexin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Jiao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550025, PR China.
| | - Yaojie Liu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Tianxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Suwen Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China.
| | - Qun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550025, PR China.
| | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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5
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Wang Y, Chen L, Liu H, Xie J, Yin W, Xu Z, Ma H, Wu W, Zheng M, Liu M, Liu J. Characterization of the synergistic inhibitory effect of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin on pancreatic lipase. Food Chem 2023; 404:134672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Zeng Z, Wu D, Tang L, Hu X, Zhang J, Geng F. Exploring the binding effects and inhibiting mechanism of hyperoside to lipase using multi-spectroscopic approaches, isothermal titration calorimetry, inhibition kinetics and molecular dynamics. RSC Adv 2023; 13:6507-6517. [PMID: 36845588 PMCID: PMC9950857 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06715c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperoside (HYP) is a flavonoid with various physiological activities. The present study examined the interaction mechanism between HYP and lipase using multi-spectrum and computer-aided techniques. Results demonstrated that the force type of HYP on lipase was mainly hydrogen bond, hydrophobic interaction force, and van der Waals force, and HYP had an excellent binding affinity with lipase at 1.576 × 105 M-1. HYP dose-dependently inhibited lipase in the inhibition experiment, and its IC50 value was 1.92 × 10-3 M. Moreover, the results suggested that HYP could inhibit the activity by binding to essential groups. Conformational studies indicated that the conformation and microenvironment of lipase were slightly changed after the addition of HYP. Computational simulations further confirmed the structural relationships of HYP to lipase. The interaction between HYP and lipase can provide ideas for the development of functional foods related to weight loss. The results of this study help comprehend the pathological significance of HYP in biological systems, as well as its mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Di Wu
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Lan Tang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Xia Hu
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Fang Geng
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
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7
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Zhu W, Oteiza PI. Proanthocyanidins at the gastrointestinal tract: mechanisms involved in their capacity to mitigate obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:220-240. [PMID: 35943169 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2105802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is continually increasing worldwide. Obesity is a major public health concern given the multiple associated comorbidities. Finding dietary approaches to prevent/mitigate these conditions is of critical relevance. Proanthocyanidins (PACs), oligomers or polymers of flavan-3-ols that are extensively distributed in nature, represent a major part of total dietary polyphenols. Although current evidence supports the capacity of PACs to mitigate obesity-associated comorbidities, the underlying mechanisms remain speculative due to the complexity of PACs' structure. Given their limited bioavailability, the major site of the biological actions of intact PACs is the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This review discusses the actions of PACs at the GI tract which could underlie their anti-obesity effects. These mechanisms include: i) inhibition of digestive enzymes at the GI lumen, including pancreatic lipase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase; ii) modification of gut microbiota composition; iii) modulation of inflammation- and oxidative stress-triggered signaling pathways, e.g. NF-κB and MAPKs; iv) protection of the GI barrier integrity. Further understanding of the mechanisms and biological activities of PACs at the GI tract can contribute to develop nutritional and pharmacological strategies oriented to mitigate the serious comorbidities of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Patricia I Oteiza
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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8
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Li N, Liu X, Zhang J, Lang YZ, Lu L, Mi J, Cao YL, Yan YM, Ran LW. Preventive Effects of Anthocyanins from Lyciumruthenicum Murray in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice Are Related to the Regulation of Intestinal Microbiota and Inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072141. [PMID: 35408540 PMCID: PMC9000451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lyciumruthenicum Murray (L. ruthenicum) has been used both as traditional Chinese medicine and food. Recent studies indicated that anthocyanins are the most abundant bioactive compounds in the L. ruthenicum fruits. The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effects and the mechanism of the anthocycanins from the fruit of L. ruthenicum (ACN) in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. In total, 24 male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: control group (fed a normal diet), high-fat diet group (fed a high-fat diet, HFD), and HFD +ACN group (fed a high-fat diet and drinking distilled water that contained 0.8% crude extract of ACN). The results showed that ACN could significantly reduce the body weight, inhibit lipid accumulation in liver and white adipose tissue, and lower the serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared to that of mice fed a high-fat diet. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of bacterial DNA demonstrated that ACN prevent obesity by enhancing the diversity of cecal bacterial communities, lowering the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio, increasing the genera Akkermansia, and decreasing the genera Faecalibaculum. We also studied the inhibitory effect of ACN on pancreatic lipase. The results showed that ACN has a high affinity for pancreatic lipase and inhibits the activity of pancreatic lipase, with IC50 values of 1.80 (main compound anthocyanin) and 3.03 mg/mL (crude extract), in a competitive way. Furthermore, fluorescence spectroscopy studies showed that ACN can quench the intrinsic fluorescence of pancreatic lipase via a static mechanism. Taken together, these findings suggest that the anthocyanins from L. ruthenicum fruits could have preventive effects in high-fat-diet induced obese mice by regulating the intestinal microbiota and inhibiting the pancreatic lipase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.L.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.L.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.L.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Yan-Zhi Lang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.L.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Lu Lu
- Goji Berry Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (L.L.); (J.M.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Jia Mi
- Goji Berry Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (L.L.); (J.M.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - You-Long Cao
- Goji Berry Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (L.L.); (J.M.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Ya-Mei Yan
- Goji Berry Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (L.L.); (J.M.); (Y.-L.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-M.Y.); (L.-W.R.); Tel.: +86-0951-688-6783 (Y.-M.Y.); +86-0951-698-0195 (L.-W.R.)
| | - Lin-Wu Ran
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.L.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.-Z.L.)
- Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-M.Y.); (L.-W.R.); Tel.: +86-0951-688-6783 (Y.-M.Y.); +86-0951-698-0195 (L.-W.R.)
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10
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Oluwagunwa OA, Alashi AM, Aluko RE. Inhibition of the in vitro Activities of α-Amylase and Pancreatic Lipase by Aqueous Extracts of Amaranthus viridis, Solanum macrocarpon and Telfairia occidentalis Leaves. Front Nutr 2021; 8:772903. [PMID: 34820413 PMCID: PMC8606662 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.772903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of digestive enzymes such as α-amylase and pancreatic lipase (PL) is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment and management of chronic health conditions such as diabetes and obesity. Therefore, the aim of this work was to determine the enzyme inhibitory activity of polyphenol-rich aqueous extracts of Amaranthus viridis (AV), Solanum macrocarpon (SM) and Telfairia occidentalis (TO) leaves, which were harvested from plants produced using multiple urea fertilizer doses (0-80 kg N/ha). Fertilizer application was applied at two time points (at planting or 2 weeks after seedling emergence). Leaf extracts were obtained using aqueous extraction (1:20, leaves:water) for 4 h at 60°C followed by centrifugation and freeze-drying of the supernatant. Results showed that the extracts inhibited α-amylase, and pancreatic lipase dose-dependently with TO extracts having significantly (p < 0.05) higher inhibitory activities for both enzymes. Fluorescence intensity and circular dichroism spectra in the presence and absence of leaf extracts indicate significant changes to the enzyme protein secondary and tertiary conformations. We conclude that the leaf extracts, especially from TO are potential agents for reducing calorie intake as a preventive or treatment tool against chronic diseases such as diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayinka A. Oluwagunwa
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Adeola M. Alashi
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Rotimi E. Aluko
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- The Richardson Center for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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11
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Wu D, Duan R, Tang L, Hu X, Geng F, Sun Q, Zhang Y, Li H. Binding mechanism and functional evaluation of quercetin 3-rhamnoside on lipase. Food Chem 2021; 359:129960. [PMID: 33945987 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between lipase and quercetin 3-rhamnoside was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, enzyme kinetics, and molecular dynamics simulation. The results showed that quercetin 3-rhamnoside had a strong quenching effect on the intrinsic fluorescence of lipase. The binding constant decreased with increasing temperature, and the number of binding sites approached 1. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces are the dominant forces when the interaction occurs. Circular dichroism spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy proved that the ligand perturbed the structure of lipase. Enzyme kinetics results showed that quercetin 3-rhamnoside inhibited lipase, and the inhibitory effect was dose-dependent. Molecular dynamics simulation further explained the interaction mechanism and inhibitory effect. This study confirmed the inhibitory effect of quercetin 3-rhamnoside on lipase explained their binding mechanism, which will contribute to guiding the development of fat-reducing functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Ran Duan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Lan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Qiaomei Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610010, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610010, China
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12
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Cardullo N, Muccilli V, Pulvirenti L, Tringali C. Natural Isoflavones and Semisynthetic Derivatives as Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:654-665. [PMID: 33646787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, now widespread all over the world, is frequently associated with some chronic diseases. Thus, there is a growing interest in the prevention and treatment of obesity. To date, the only antiobesity drug is orlistat, a natural product-derived pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitor with some undesired side effects. In the last decades, many natural compounds or derivatives have been evaluated as potential PL inhibitors, and natural polyphenols are among the most promising for possible exploitation as antiobesity agents. However, few studies have been devoted to isoflavones. In this work, we report a study on the PL inhibitory properties of a small library of semisynthetic isoflavone derivatives together with the natural leads daidzein (1), genistein (2), and formononetin (3). In vitro lipase inhibition assay showed that 2 is the most promising PL inhibitor. Among synthetic isoflavones, the hydroxylated and brominated derivatives were more potent than their natural leads. Detailed studies through fluorescence measurements and kinetics of lipase inhibition showed that 2 and the bromoderivatives 10 and 11 have the greatest affinity for PL. Docking studies corroborated these findings highlighting the interactions between isoflavones and the enzyme, confirming that hydroxylation and bromination are useful modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzio Cardullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vera Muccilli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Luana Pulvirenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Corrado Tringali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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13
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Seo KH, Kim DH, Yokoyama WH, Kim H. Synbiotic Effect of Whole Grape Seed Flour and Newly Isolated Kefir Lactic Acid Bacteria on Intestinal Microbiota of Diet-Induced Obese Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13131-13137. [PMID: 32124605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of intestinal microbiota by synbiotic action of pre- and probiotics may confer health benefits to the host. In this study, high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA was used to analyze intestinal microbiota in feces, and the relative abundance of intestinal bacteria was correlated with physiological data from a prior study of a synbiotic combination of flavonoid-rich wine grape seed flour (WGF) and two newly isolated kefir lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in diet-induced obese mice. The combination of WGF and LAB enhanced observed operational taxonomic units and Chao1 index compared to WGF alone, indicating an increase in the microbial community richness. The combination significantly enhanced abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Nocardia coeliaca and their abundance had an inverse relationship with body weight gain and adipose weight. In conclusion, the synbiotic effects of WGF and LAB on improvement of high-fat-diet-induced obesity are strongly linked to remodeling intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ho Seo
- KU Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeon Kim
- KU Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Wallace H Yokoyama
- Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - Hyunsook Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, South Korea
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14
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Zhang HL, Wu QX, Wei X, Qin XM. Pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase inhibitory effect of Camellia nitidissima Chi flower extracts in vitro and in vivo. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Gallotannins are uncompetitive inhibitors of pancreatic lipase activity. Biophys Chem 2020; 264:106409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2020.106409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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16
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Seo KH, Jeong J, Kim H. Synergistic Effects of Heat-Killed Kefir Paraprobiotics and Flavonoid-Rich Prebiotics on Western Diet-Induced Obesity. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082465. [PMID: 32824369 PMCID: PMC7468817 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The synergistic anti-obesity effect of paraprobiotic heat-killed lactic acid bacteria (HLAB) and prebiotics has not been studied. To determine the anti-obesity properties of prebiotic polyphenol-rich wine grape seed flour (GSF) and paraprobiotic HLAB, C57BL/6J mice were administered a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFrD) with 5% microcrystalline cellulose (CON), HFFrD supplemented with 2.5% GSF, HFFrD with orally administered HLAB, or HFFrD with a combination of GSF and orally administered HLAB (GSF+HLAB) for 8 weeks. Compared with the CON group, the GSF and HLAB groups both showed significant reductions in HFFrD-induced body weight gain and adipose tissue weights (p < 0.05). Interestingly, combined supplementation with GSF and HLAB revealed statistically significant synergistic effects on body weight gain, visceral adiposity, and plasma triacylglycerol concentrations (p < 0.05). The synergistic action was significantly related to a decreased adipocyte gene expression in fatty acid synthesis and inflammation metabolism. In conclusion, the combination of prebiotic GSF and paraprobiotic kefir HLAB is potentially useful, as natural food ingredients, in the prevention of obesity and obesity-related diseases, especially for immunocompromised individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ho Seo
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (K.-H.S.); (J.J.)
| | - Jaewoon Jeong
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (K.-H.S.); (J.J.)
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Hyunsook Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2220-1208; Fax: +82-2-2220-1856
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17
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Casanova LM, Rodrigues LM, de Aguiar PF, Tinoco LW. An NMR-Based Chemometric Strategy to Identify Leishmania donovani Nucleoside Hydrolase Inhibitors from the Brazilian Tree Ormosia arborea. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:243-254. [PMID: 31985226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside hydrolases are a strategic target for the development of drugs to treat leishmaniasis, a neglected disease that affects 700 thousand to one million people annually. The present study aimed to identify Leishmania donovani nucleoside hydrolase (LdNH) inhibitors from the leaves of Ormosia arborea, a tree endemic to Brazilian ecosystems, through a strategy based on 1H NMR analyses and chemometrics. The aqueous EtOH extract of O. arborea leaves inhibited LdNH activity by 95%. The extract was fractionated in triplicate (13 in each step, making a total of 39 fractions). Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to correlate the 1H NMR spectra of the fractions with their LdNH inhibitory activity and thus to identify the spectral regions associated with the bioactivity. The strategy aimed at isolating the probable bioactive substances and led to two new A-type proanthocyanidins, linked to a p-coumaroyl unit (1 and 2), which appeared as noncompetitive inhibitors of LdNH (IC50: 28.2 ± 3.0 μM and 25.6 ± 4.1 μM, respectively). This study confirms the usefulness of the NMR-based chemometric methods to accelerate the discovery of drugs from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Marques Casanova
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Luanna Monteiro Rodrigues
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Paula Fernandes de Aguiar
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Centro de Ciências Matemáticas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Luzineide Wanderley Tinoco
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
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18
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Liu M, Yun P, Hu Y, Yang J, Khadka RB, Peng X. Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Obesity. Obes Facts 2020; 13:279-291. [PMID: 32114568 PMCID: PMC7250358 DOI: 10.1159/000502235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease resulting from excessive fat accumulation and/or abnormal distribution caused by multiple factors. As a major component of metabolic syndrome, obesity is closely related to many diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke and cancer. Hence, the problem of obesity cannot be ignored, and recent studies have shown that grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) has an antiobesity effect. This paper systematically reviews the research progress and potential mechanism of GSPE emphasizing on obesity prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Peng Yun
- Department of Endocrinology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | | | - Xiaochun Peng
- Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China,
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19
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Shoji K, Yamasaki M, Kunitake H. Effects of Dietary Blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) Leaves on Mildly Postprandial Hypertriglyceridemia. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:143-151. [PMID: 31941864 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess19201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is an important consideration for reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. While blueberry fruits have been reported to ameliorate lipid metabolism in humans, there are only few research reports on the effects of blueberry leaves (BL). Here, we investigated the efficacy of BL on postprandial hyperlipidemia in subjects with high fasting triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations. Randomized, double-blind, cross-over design study was conducted. The subjects consumed a BL containing beverage or a placebo beverage before a fat-enriched test meal. Blood samples were collected prior to and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours after consuming the test beverage. The postprandial serum TG and remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) concentrations were significantly lower in the BL beverage compared with those in the placebo beverage. Additionally, BL was more effective in subjects with high fasting ghrelin with gastric emptying function. In current study, fasting ghrelin correlated with the increase in postprandial serum TG, suggesting that BL ameliorates hypertriglyceridemia through delayed gastric emptying. In conclusion, this pilot study suggests that BL may be useful as an early dietary therapy for treating postprandial hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Shoji
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Otsuma Women's University
| | - Masao Yamasaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki
| | - Hisato Kunitake
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki
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20
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Li X, Jiang H, Pu Y, Cao J, Jiang W. Inhibitory Effect of Condensed Tannins from Banana Pulp on Cholesterol Esterase and Mechanisms of Interaction. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:14066-14073. [PMID: 31762280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the inhibitory effect of condensed tannins (CTs) on cholesterol esterase (CEase) was studied. The underlying mechanisms were evaluated by reaction kinetics, turbidity and particle size analyses, multispectroscopy methods, thermodynamics, and computer molecular simulations. CTs showed potent CEase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 64.19 μg/mL, and the CEase activity decreased with increasing CT content in a mixed-competitive manner, which was verified by molecular docking simulations. Fluorescence and UV-vis measurements revealed that complexes were formed from CEase and CTs by noncovalent interaction. Isothermal titration calorimetry indicated that the interaction between CEase and CTs occurred through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Circular dichroism analysis suggested that CTs inhibited the activity of CEase by altering the secondary structure of CEase. The inhibition of CTs on CEase in the gastrointestinal tract might be one mechanism for its cholesterol-lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxin Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghuadonglu Road , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
| | - Haitao Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghuadonglu Road , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
| | - Yijing Pu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghuadonglu Road , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
| | - Jiankang Cao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghuadonglu Road , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghuadonglu Road , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
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21
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Inhibition of CpLIP2 Lipase Hydrolytic Activity by Four Flavonols (Galangin, Kaempferol, Quercetin, Myricetin) Compared to Orlistat and Their Binding Mechanisms Studied by Quenching of Fluorescence. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162888. [PMID: 31398944 PMCID: PMC6719172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of recombinant CpLIP2 lipase/acyltransferase from Candida parapsiolosis was considered a key model for novel antifungal drug discovery and a potential therapeutic target for candidiasis. Lipases have identified recently as potent virulence factors in C. parapsilosis and some other yeasts. The inhibition effects of orlistat and four flavonols (galangin, kaempferol, quercetin and myricetin) characterized by an increasing degree of hydroxylation in B-ring, were investigated using ethyl oleate hydrolysis as the model reaction. Orlistat and kaempferol (14 µM) strongly inhibited CpLIP2 catalytic activity within 1 min of pre-incubation, by 90% and 80%, respectively. The relative potency of flavonols as inhibitors was: kaempferol > quercetin > myricetin > galangin. The results suggested that orlistat bound to the catalytic site while kaempferol interacted with W294 on the protein lid. A static mechanism of interactions between flavonols and CpLIP2 lipase was confirmed by fluorescence quenching analyses, indicating that the interactions were mainly driven by hydrophobic bonds and electrostatic forces. From the Lehrer equation, fractions of tryptophan accessibility to the quencher were evaluated, and a relationship with the calculated number of binding sites was suggested.
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22
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Chen MH, Bergman CJ, McClung AM. Hydrolytic rancidity and its association with phenolics in rice bran. Food Chem 2019; 285:485-491. [PMID: 30797374 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Whole grain rice, which has the bran layer intact, contains more nutrients and health beneficial compounds than its milled rice equivalent. Its consumption is associated with a reduction in the risk of developing several chronic diseases. However, the bran contains non-starch lipids deposited along with the lipid degrading enzymes, lipase and lipoxygenase, resulting in a relatively short shelf life for whole grain rice. We studied the genotypic diversity of lipase induced hydrolytic rancidity (HR) level in the bran of 134 diverse genotypes and found more than a 15-fold variation. Among the genotypes, those with red or brown bran had lower HR than the purple, light brown and white brans. Total phenolic content and anthocyanins were negatively correlated with the HR in purple brans suggesting their inhibitory effect on lipase during bran storage. In conclusion, low HR genotypes could be used as breeding materials to improve the storage stability of whole grain rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsuan Chen
- Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USA.
| | - Christine J Bergman
- Food & Beverage and Event Management Dept., University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA.
| | - Anna M McClung
- Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USA.
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23
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Sánchez M, Romero M, Gómez-Guzmán M, Tamargo J, Pérez-Vizcaino F, Duarte J. Cardiovascular Effects of Flavonoids. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:6991-7034. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666181220094721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
:
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the major cause of death worldwide, especially in Western
society. Flavonoids are a large group of polyphenolic compounds widely distributed in plants, present
in a considerable amount in fruit and vegetable. Several epidemiological studies found an inverse association
between flavonoids intake and mortality by CVD. The antioxidant effect of flavonoids was
considered the main mechanism of action of flavonoids and other polyphenols. In recent years, the role
of modulation of signaling pathways by direct interaction of flavonoids with multiple protein targets,
namely kinases, has been increasingly recognized and involved in their cardiovascular protective effect.
There are strong evidence, in in vitro and animal experimental models, that some flavonoids induce
vasodilator effects, improve endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance, exert platelet antiaggregant
and atheroprotective effects, and reduce blood pressure. Despite interacting with multiple targets, flavonoids
are surprisingly safe. This article reviews the recent evidence about cardiovascular effects that
support a beneficial role of flavonoids on CVD and the potential molecular targets involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sánchez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Romero
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Gómez-Guzmán
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Tamargo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez-Vizcaino
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Duarte
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
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24
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Du X, Bai M, Huang Y, Jiang Z, Chen F, Ni H, Li Q. Inhibitory effect of astaxanthin on pancreatic lipase with inhibition kinetics integrating molecular docking simulation. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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25
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Zein-polysaccharide nanoparticles as matrices for antioxidant compounds: A strategy for prevention of chronic degenerative diseases. Food Res Int 2018; 111:451-471. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Luganini A, Terlizzi ME, Catucci G, Gilardi G, Maffei ME, Gribaudo G. The Cranberry Extract Oximacro ® Exerts in vitro Virucidal Activity Against Influenza Virus by Interfering With Hemagglutinin. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1826. [PMID: 30131793 PMCID: PMC6090095 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The defense against influenza virus (IV) infections still poses a series of challenges. The current antiviral arsenal against influenza viruses is in fact limited; therefore, the development of new anti-influenza strategies effective against antigenically different viruses is an urgent priority. Bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants and fruits may provide a natural source of candidates for such broad-spectrum antivirals. In this regard, cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) extracts on the basis of their recognized anti-adhesive activities against bacteria, may provide potential compounds able to prevent viral attachment to target cells. Nevertheless, only few studies have so far investigated the possible use of cranberry extracts as an antiviral tool. This study focuses on the suitability of a cranberry extract as a direct-acting anti-influenza compound. We show that the novel cranberry extract Oximacro® inhibits influenza A and B viruses (IAV, IBV) replication in vitro because of its high content of A-type proanthocyanidins (PAC-A) dimers and trimers. Mechanistic studies revealed that Oximacro® prevents attachment and entry of IAV and IBV into target cells and exerts a virucidal activity. Oximacro® was observed to interact with the ectodomain of viral hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein, thus suggesting the interference with HA functions and a consequent loss of infectivity of IV particles. Fluorescence spectroscopy revealed a reduction in the intrinsic fluorescence of HA protein after incubation with purified dimeric PAC-A (PAC-A2), thus confirming a direct interaction between HA and Oximacro® PAC-A2. In silico docking simulations further supported the in vitro results and indicated that among the different components of the Oximacro® chemical profile, PAC-A2 exhibited the best binding propensity with an affinity below 10 nM. The role of PAC-A2 in the anti-IV activity of Oximacro® was eventually confirmed by the observation that it prevented IAV and IVB replication and caused the loss of infectivity of IV particles, thus indicating PAC-A2 as the major active component of Oximacro®. As a whole, these results suggest Oximacro® as a potential candidate to create novel antiviral agents of natural origin for the prevention of IV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Luganini
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria E. Terlizzi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gianluca Catucci
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Gilardi
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo E. Maffei
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gribaudo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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27
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Zhu W, Jia Y, Peng J, Li CM. Inhibitory Effect of Persimmon Tannin on Pancreatic Lipase and the Underlying Mechanism in Vitro. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:6013-6021. [PMID: 29806464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic lipase (PL) is a critical enzyme associated with hyperlipidemia and obesity. A previous study of ours suggested that persimmon tannin (PT) was the main component accounting for the antihyperlipidemic effects of persimmon fruits, but the underlying mechanisms were unclear. In this present study, the inhibitory effect of PT on PL was studied and the possible mechanisms were evaluated by fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectra, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and molecular docking. PT had a high affinity to PL and inhibited the activity of PL with the half maximal inhibitory concertation (IC50) value of 0.44 mg/mL in a noncompetitive way. Furthermore, molecular docking revealed that the hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking was mainly responsible for the interaction. The strong inhibition of PT on PL in the gastrointestinal tract might be one mechanism for its lipid-lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Yangyang Jia
- College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Jinming Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Chun-Mei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science , Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education , Wuhan 430070 , China
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28
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Martinez-Gonzalez AI, Alvarez-Parrilla E, Díaz-Sánchez ÁG, de la Rosa LA, Núñez-Gastélum JA, Vazquez-Flores AA, Gonzalez-Aguilar GA. In vitro Inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase by Polyphenols:
A Kinetic, Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking Study. Food Technol Biotechnol 2017; 55:519-530. [PMID: 29540986 PMCID: PMC5848196 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.55.04.17.5138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory activity and binding characteristics of caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, quercetin and capsaicin, four phenolic compounds found in hot pepper, against porcine pancreatic lipase activity were studied and compared to hot pepper extract. Quercetin was the strongest inhibitor (IC50=(6.1±2.4) µM), followed by p-coumaric acid ((170.2±20.6) µM) and caffeic acid ((401.5±32.1) µM), while capsaicin and a hot pepper extract had very low inhibitory activity. All polyphenolic compounds showed a mixed-type inhibition. Fluorescence spectroscopy studies showed that polyphenolic compounds had the ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of pancreatic lipase by a static mechanism. The sequence of Stern-Volmer constant was quercetin, followed by caffeic and p-coumaric acids. Molecular docking studies showed that caffeic acid, quercetin and p-coumaric acid bound near the active site, while capsaicin bound far away from the active site. Hydrogen bonds and π-stacking hydrophobic interactions are the main pancreatic lipase-polyphenolic compound interactions observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra I. Martinez-Gonzalez
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City, 1210 Plutarco Elias Calles Ave., MX-32310 Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Emilio Alvarez-Parrilla
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City, 1210 Plutarco Elias Calles Ave., MX-32310 Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Ángel G. Díaz-Sánchez
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City, 1210 Plutarco Elias Calles Ave., MX-32310 Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Laura A. de la Rosa
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City, 1210 Plutarco Elias Calles Ave., MX-32310 Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - José A. Núñez-Gastélum
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City, 1210 Plutarco Elias Calles Ave., MX-32310 Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Alma A. Vazquez-Flores
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City, 1210 Plutarco Elias Calles Ave., MX-32310 Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Gustavo A. Gonzalez-Aguilar
- Research Center for Food and Development, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a Ejido La Victoria, Km. 0.6,
MX-83304 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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29
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Yu H, Dong S, Wang L, Liu Y. The effect of triterpenoid saponins on pancreatic lipase in vitro : Activity, conformation, kinetics, thermodynamics and morphology. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Molecular study of mucin-procyanidin interaction by fluorescence quenching and Saturation Transfer Difference (STD)-NMR. Food Chem 2017; 228:427-434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Scale-up and inhibitory studies on productivity of lipase from Acinetobacter radioresistens PR8. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 124:150-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Fernandes I, Pérez-Gregorio R, Soares S, Mateus N, de Freitas V. Wine Flavonoids in Health and Disease Prevention. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020292. [PMID: 28216567 PMCID: PMC6155685 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wine, and particularly red wine, is a beverage with a great chemical complexity that is in continuous evolution. Chemically, wine is a hydroalcoholic solution (~78% water) that comprises a wide variety of chemical components, including aldehydes, esters, ketones, lipids, minerals, organic acids, phenolics, soluble proteins, sugars and vitamins. Flavonoids constitute a major group of polyphenolic compounds which are directly associated with the organoleptic and health-promoting properties of red wine. However, due to the insufficient epidemiological and in vivo evidences on this subject, the presence of a high number of variables such as human age, metabolism, the presence of alcohol, the complex wine chemistry, and the wide array of in vivo biological effects of these compounds suggest that only cautious conclusions may be drawn from studies focusing on the direct effect of wine and any specific health issue. Nevertheless, there are several reports on the health protective properties of wine phenolics for several diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, some cancers, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, allergies and osteoporosis. The different interactions that wine flavonoids may have with key biological targets are crucial for some of these health-promoting effects. The interaction between some wine flavonoids and some specific enzymes are one example. The way wine flavonoids may be absorbed and metabolized could interfere with their bioavailability and therefore in their health-promoting effect. Hence, some reports have focused on flavonoids absorption, metabolism, microbiota effect and overall on flavonoids bioavailability. This review summarizes some of these major issues which are directly related to the potential health-promoting effects of wine flavonoids. Reports related to flavonoids and health highlight some relevant scientific information. However, there is still a gap between the knowledge of wine flavonoids bioavailability and their health-promoting effects. More in vivo results as well as studies focused on flavonoid metabolites are still required. Moreover, it is also necessary to better understand how biological interactions (with microbiota and cells, enzymes or general biological systems) could interfere with flavonoid bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Fernandes
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rosa Pérez-Gregorio
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Susana Soares
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Mateus
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Victor de Freitas
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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Proanthocyanidins from Chinese bayberry ( Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) leaves regulate lipid metabolism and glucose consumption by activating AMPK pathway in HepG2 cells. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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34
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Mineo S, Noguchi A, Nagakura Y, Kobori K, Ohta T, Sakaguchi E, Ichiyanagi T. Boysenberry Polyphenols Suppressed Elevation of Plasma Triglyceride Levels in Rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2016; 61:306-12. [PMID: 26440637 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.61.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Boysenberry, a hybrid Rubus berry, is mainly cultivated in New Zealand. We previously reported that consumption of boysenberry juice (BBJ) exhibited anti-obesity effects in high-fat feeding rats. In this study, we focused on the suppressive effect of BBJ and its fraction on triglyceride absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. BBJ effectively inhibited pancreatic lipase activity in vitro, and was separated into four fractions (Fr1, Fr2, Fr3 and Fr4) by HP-20 column chromatography. Among all the fractions, Fr3, the ellagic acid-rich fraction, showed the most potent inhibition against pancreatic lipase in vitro with Fr2, the anthocyanin-rich fraction, second. Authentic ellagic acid equivalent in Fr3 showed poor activity against pancreatic lipase. Then, each fraction was orally administered with corn oil to rats fitted with a jugular catheter to examine the effects of each fraction on plasma triglyceride levels. Both Fr2 and Fr3 effectively suppressed the plasma triglyceride level elevation at a dose of 1,000 mg/kg body weight. These findings demonstrated that BBJ contains chemical components which inhibit triglyceride absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.
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Wang W, Xu H, Chen H, Tai K, Liu F, Gao Y. In vitro antioxidant, anti-diabetic and antilipemic potentials of quercetagetin extracted from marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) inflorescence residues. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2016; 53:2614-24. [PMID: 27478217 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Quercetagetin, the major flavonoid in marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) inflorescence residues was extracted and purified. The content of quercetagetin after the purification was 89.91 ± 0.26 %. The in vitro antioxidant activity of quercetagetin and its potential in controlling diabetes mellitus and obesity were investigated and compared to quercetin and rutin. The 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of quercetagetin on scavenging 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and hydroxyl radicals were 27.12 ± 1.31 μmol/L, 12.16 ± 0.56 μmol/L and 1833.97 ± 6.66 μmol/L, respectively. The IC50 values of quercetagetin on α-glucosidase, α-amylase and pancreatic lipase were 180.11 ± 3.68 μmol/L, 137.71 ± 3.55 μmol/L and 2327.58 ± 12.37 μmol/L, respectively. These results indicated that quercetagetin exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant, anti-diabetic and antilipemic activities. Lineweaver-Burk plots analysis elucidated that quercetagetin inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase non-competitively, while its inhibition against pancreatic lipase was involved in a mixed-type pattern. Moreover, strong correlations were found between ABTS(·+)/DPPH(·) scavenging activities and lipase inhibitory activity (R (2) > 0.90), as well as ·OH scavenging activity and α-amylase inhibitory activity (R (2) = 0.8967).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyou Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 112, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Honggao Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 112, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Hua Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 112, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Kedong Tai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 112, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Fuguo Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 112, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Yanxiang Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food From Plant Resources, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 112, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083 China
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36
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A specific dose of grape seed-derived proanthocyanidins to inhibit body weight gain limits food intake and increases energy expenditure in rats. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1629-1636. [PMID: 27039093 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Several studies have suggested that flavanols may have antiobesity effects; however, those effects clearly depend on the experimental conditions. In a previous study, we found that a single acute dose of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) has satiating effects. We therefore hypothesise that satiating doses of GSPE could be used to reduce body weight gain, and our present objective was to define the most effective dose. METHODS We assayed two GSPE doses in aged male Wistar rats. First we performed a subchronic (8-day) treatment by intragastric administration, which was repeated after a washout period. We measured body weight, energy intake and faeces composition; we performed indirect calorimetry; and we analysed the mRNA expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism to determine the target tissue for the GSPE. RESULTS We observed that 0.5 g GSPE/kg BW significantly reduced food intake and thus the amount of energy absorbed. This dosage also increased lipid oxidation in subcutaneous adipose tissue, thus causing a higher total energy expenditure. These combined effects caused a decrease in body weight. Conversely, 1 g GSPE/kg BW, which also reduced energy absorption after the first treatment, had a rebound effect on body weight gain which resulted in a lower response to the proanthocyanidin extract. That is, after the second treatment, the GSPE did not reduce the energy absorbed or modify energy expenditure and body weight. CONCLUSION GSPE at a dose of 0.5 g/kg can reduce body weight by limiting food intake and activating energy expenditure in subcutaneous adipose tissue.
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Karakaya S, Simsek S, Eker AT, Pineda-Vadillo C, Dupont D, Perez B, Viadel B, Sanz-Buenhombre M, Rodriguez AG, Kertész Z, Hegyi A, Bordoni A, El SN. Stability and bioaccessibility of anthocyanins in bakery products enriched with anthocyanins. Food Funct 2016; 7:3488-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00567e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins, water soluble polyphenols, have been associated with several beneficial health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Karakaya
- Ege University
- Department of Food Engineering
- Nutrition Section
- İzmir
- Turkey
| | - Sebnem Simsek
- Ege University
- Department of Food Engineering
- Nutrition Section
- İzmir
- Turkey
| | - Alper Tolga Eker
- Ege University
- Department of Food Engineering
- Nutrition Section
- İzmir
- Turkey
| | | | - Didier Dupont
- INRA
- UMR 1253
- Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf
- 35042 Rennes
- France
| | - Beatriz Perez
- Ainia Technology Center
- Technology Park of Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - Blanca Viadel
- Ainia Technology Center
- Technology Park of Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sedef Nehir El
- Ege University
- Department of Food Engineering
- Nutrition Section
- İzmir
- Turkey
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38
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Hypolipidemic mechanism of gypenosides via inhibition of pancreatic lipase and reduction in cholesterol micellar solubility. Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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39
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Salvadó MJ, Casanova E, Fernández-Iglesias A, Arola L, Bladé C. Roles of proanthocyanidin rich extracts in obesity. Food Funct 2015; 6:1053-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo01035c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disorder involving an abnormal or excessive amount of body fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Josepa Salvadó
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Ester Casanova
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Tarragona
- Spain
| | | | - Lluis Arola
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Cinta Bladé
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- Tarragona
- Spain
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40
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Yang W, Xu C, Liu F, Yuan F, Gao Y. Native and thermally modified protein-polyphenol coassemblies: lactoferrin-based nanoparticles and submicrometer particles as protective vehicles for (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:10816-10827. [PMID: 25310084 DOI: 10.1021/jf5038147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between native, thermally modified lactoferrin (LF) and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) at pH 3.5, 5.0, and 6.5 were investigated. Turbidity, particle size, and charge of LF-EGCG complexes were mainly dominated by pH value and secondary structure of protein. At pH 3.5 and 5.0, LF-EGCG complexes were nanoparticles which had high ζ-potential, small size, and soluble state. At pH 6.5, they were submicrometer particles which exhibited low ζ-potential, large size, and insoluble state. The infrared spectra of freeze-dried LF-EGCG complexes showed that they were different from LF and EGCG alone. Far-UV CD results indicated that heat denaturation might irreversibly alter the secondary structure of LF and EGCG induced a progressive increase in the proportion of α-helix structure at the cost of β-sheet and unordered coil structure of LF at pH 3.5, 5.0, and 6.5. EGCG exhibited a strong affinity for native LF but a weak affinity for thermally modified LF at pH 5.0 and 6.5. An inverse result was observed at pH 3.5. These results could have potential for the development of food formulations based on LF as a carrier of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100083, P. R. China
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41
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Wang S, Sun Z, Dong S, Liu Y, Liu Y. Molecular interactions between (-)-epigallocatechin gallate analogs and pancreatic lipase. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111143. [PMID: 25365042 PMCID: PMC4218840 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular interactions between pancreatic lipase (PL) and four tea polyphenols (EGCG analogs), like (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (−)-gallocatechin gallate (GCG), (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), and (−)-epigallocatechin (EC), were studied from PL activity, conformation, kinetics and thermodynamics. It was observed that EGCG analogs inhibited PL activity, and their inhibitory rates decreased by the order of EGCG>GCG>ECG>EC. PL activity at first decreased rapidly and then slowly with the increase of EGCG analogs concentrations. α-Helix content of PL secondary structure decreased dependent on EGCG analogs concentration by the order of EGCG>GCG>ECG>EC. EGCG, ECG, and EC could quench PL fluorescence both dynamically and statically, while GCG only quenched statically. EGCG analogs would induce PL self-assembly into complexes and the hydrodynamic radii of the complexes possessed a close relationship with the inhibitory rates. Kinetics analysis showed that EGCG analogs non-competitively inhibited PL activity and did not bind to PL catalytic site. DSC measurement revealed that EGCG analogs decreased the transition midpoint temperature of PL enzyme, suggesting that these compounds reduced PL enzyme thermostability. In vitro renaturation through urea solution indicated that interactions between PL and EGCG analogs were weak and non-covalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zeya Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shengzhao Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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42
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Podsędek A, Majewska I, Redzynia M, Sosnowska D, Koziołkiewicz M. In vitro inhibitory effect on digestive enzymes and antioxidant potential of commonly consumed fruits. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:4610-4617. [PMID: 24785184 DOI: 10.1021/jf5008264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dietary inhibitors of fats and carbohydrates degrading enzymes can reduce obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we screened crude extracts from 30 commonly consumed fruits to test their in vitro inhibitory effect against key enzymes relevant for obesity (pancreatic lipase) and type 2 diabetes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase), total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu method), and antioxidant capacity (ABTS and FRAP). The IC50 values of the fruits tested varied from 39.91 to >400 mg/mL, from 1.04 to >80 mg/mL, and from 0.72 to 135.07 mg/mL against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and pancreatic lipase, respectively. Antioxidant capacity ranged from 0.66 to 124.66 μmol of TE/g of fruit and strongly correlated with phenolic content, while the enzyme inhibition was poorly correlated with total phenolic and antioxidant capacity. Among fruits tested, blue honeysuckle and red gooseberry exhibited the highest inhibitory activity with respect to the carbohydrate degrading enzymes, while lingonberry had the strongest anti-lipase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Podsędek
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology , Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
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43
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Fernandes I, Faria A, Calhau C, de Freitas V, Mateus N. Bioavailability of anthocyanins and derivatives. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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44
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Kim H, Bartley GE, Arvik T, Lipson R, Nah SY, Seo K, Yokoyama W. Dietary supplementation of chardonnay grape seed flour reduces plasma cholesterol concentration, hepatic steatosis, and abdominal fat content in high-fat diet-induced obese hamsters. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:1919-1925. [PMID: 24517872 DOI: 10.1021/jf404832s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms for the hypocholesterolemic and antiobesity effects of grape seed flours derived from white and red winemaking processing were investigated using male Golden Syrian hamsters fed high-fat (HF) diets supplemented with 10% partially defatted grape seed flours from Chardonnay (ChrSd), Cabernet Sauvignon (CabSd), or Syrah (SyrSd) pomace as compared to a HF control diet for 3 weeks. Hamsters fed the ChrSd diet had significantly lowered plasma total-, VLDL-, and LDL-cholesterol concentrations compared to the CabSd, SyrSd, and control diets. The improved plasma cholesterol after ChrSd was correlated with the up-regulation of hepatic genes related to cholesterol (CYP51) and bile acid (CYP7A1) synthesis as well as LDL-cholesterol uptake (LDLR). A reduction of hepatic lipid content was associated with altered expression of the genes related to lipid metabolism. However, fecal total lipid content was not changed. Expression of ileal apical sodium bile acid transporter (ASBT) was not affected by ChrSd, indicating unchanged ileal bile acid reabsorption. The antiobesity effect of the ChrSd diet appears to be related to expression of adipogenesis- and inflammation-related genes in adipose tissue. These findings suggest that flavonoid-rich Chardonnay grape seed flour induced cholesterol-lowering, antiobesity, and anti-inflammatory health benefits and attenuation of hepatic steatosis via regulation of gene expression related to cholesterol, bile acid, and lipid metabolism in liver and adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsook Kim
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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45
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Effects of proanthocyanidins on porcine pancreatic lipase: Conformation, activity, kinetics and thermodynamics. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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46
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Zhang Y, Zhong L, Zhou B, Chen JY, Li CM. Interaction of characteristic structural elements of persimmon tannin with Chinese cobra PLA2. Toxicon 2013; 74:34-43. [PMID: 23916601 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To more fully understand the mechanism by which persimmon tannin (PT) inhibited phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and the structural requirements of PT for the inhibition, the interactions between PLA2 and seven characteristic structural elements of PT including epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), myricetin, epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), epicatechin-3-gallate-(4β → 8, 2β → O → 7)-epicatechin-3-gallate (A-type ECG dimer), epigallocatechin-3-gallate-(4β → 8, 2β → O → 7)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (A-type EGCG dimer), epicatechin-(4β → 8, 2β → O → 7)-epicatechin (A-type EC dimer) and epicatechin-(4β → 8)-epicatechin (B-type EC dimer) were studied by enzymatic and spectroscopic methods. Molecular docking was also used to explore the possible residues involved in the interactions. The results revealed that A-type EGCG dimer and A-type ECG dimer showed higher inhibitory effects on the catalytic activity of PLA2 than monomers and B-type dimer. They induced greater conformational changes in PLA2 than other structural elements. In addition, molecular docking studies revealed that expect for lysine residues, other residues such as Trp18, Try27, Gly29, His47 and Tyr63 were involved in the interactions. We propose that A-type EGCG and ECG dimer units may be structural requirements for the interaction between PT and PLA2. Our data provide an additional structural basis for anti-PLA2 activity of persimmon tannin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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47
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Inhibitory activity of chlorogenic acids in decaffeinated green coffee beans against porcine pancreas lipase and effect of a decaffeinated green coffee bean extract on an emulsion of olive oil. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2012; 76:2329-31. [PMID: 23221697 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A decaffeinated green coffee bean extract (DGCBE) inhibited porcine pancreas lipase (PPL) activity with an IC50 value of 1.98 mg/mL. Six different chlorogenic acids in DGCBE contributed to this PPL inhibition, accounting for 91.8% of the inhibitory activity. DGCBE increased the droplet size and decreased the specific surface area of an olive oil emulsion.
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Ohyama K, Furuta C, Nogusa Y, Nomura K, Miwa T, Suzuki K. Catechin-rich grape seed extract supplementation attenuates diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2011; 58:250-8. [PMID: 21829010 DOI: 10.1159/000330444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grape seed extracts (GSE) are known to present health benefits such as antioxidative and anti-obesity effects in animal models. The purpose of this research is to determine whether the specially manufactured GSE, catechin-rich GSE (CGSE), can protect against obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and to address the mechanism underlying this effect. METHODS The componential analysis of CGSE was performed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Oxygen consumption and the respiratory quotient were determined using 500 mg/kg CGSE administered orally for 3 days in 14- to 15-week-old male C57BL/6J mice. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were supplemented with 0.5 or 1% CGSE in a HFD for 12 weeks, and their body weight and food intake were monitored. Blood and tissue samples were collected and analyzed. RESULTS The main polyphenol components of CGSE were catechin and epicatechin. CGSE supplementation in the HFD-induced obesity model chronically suppressed the increase in body weight and the weight of fat pads. Furthermore, CGSE improved metabolic parameter abnormalities and upregulated the fatty acid oxidation-related genes in the liver. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that CGSE contains monomeric catechins in high concentrations and ameliorates HFD-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Ohyama
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
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Gu Y, Hurst WJ, Stuart DA, Lambert JD. Inhibition of key digestive enzymes by cocoa extracts and procyanidins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:5305-5311. [PMID: 21495725 PMCID: PMC3113527 DOI: 10.1021/jf200180n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the in vitro inhibitory effects of cocoa extracts and procyanidins against pancreatic α-amylase (PA), pancreatic lipase (PL), and secreted phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) and characterized the kinetics of such inhibition. Lavado, regular, and Dutch-processed cocoa extracts as well as cocoa procyanidins (degree of polymerization (DP) = 2-10) were examined. Cocoa extracts and procyanidins dose-dependently inhibited PA, PL, and PLA(2). Lavado cocoa extract was the most potent inhibitor (IC(50) = 8.5-47 μg/mL). An inverse correlation between log IC(50) and DP (R(2) > 0.93) was observed. Kinetic analysis suggested that regular cocoa extract, the pentamer, and decamer inhibited PL activity in a mixed mode. The pentamer and decamer noncompetitively inhibited PLA(2) activity, whereas regular cocoa extract inhibited PLA(2) competitively. This study demonstrates that cocoa polyphenols can inhibit digestive enzymes in vitro and may, in conjunction with a low-calorie diet, play a role in body weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeyi Gu
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - William J. Hurst
- Hershey Center for Health and Nutrition, Hershey Technical Center, 1025 Reese Avenue, 5 Hershey, PA 17033
| | - David A. Stuart
- Hershey Center for Health and Nutrition, Hershey Technical Center, 1025 Reese Avenue, 5 Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Joshua D. Lambert
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
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