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Sun J, Li J, Ren R, Yao L, Tong L, Yuan J, Wang D. Effect of Chitosan and Hyperbranched Poly-L-Lysine Treatment on Quality of Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) during Storage. Foods 2024; 13:1354. [PMID: 38731725 PMCID: PMC11083981 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To enhance the storage time of cucumbers, this research investigated the impact of chitosan (CS) and hyperbranched poly-L-lysine (HBPL) on the quality and nutritional attributes of cucumbers when stored at a temperature of 25 °C. The results demonstrated that sensory evaluation scores for cucumbers treated with a CS-HBPL combination were significantly higher than the control (CK), CS, and HBPL groups. On the 18th day of storage, cucumbers in the CK group exhibited significant decay and softening; however, there was a decrease in hardness observed in the CS-HBPL group and no decay or noticeable sour taste was detected. Furthermore, compared to the CK group, treatment with CS-HBPL effectively delayed cucumber decay and weight loss rate while significantly inhibiting decreases in cucumber hardness and growth of surface microorganisms. Additionally, it substantially reduced losses of soluble protein content as well as vitamin C (Vc), reducing sugars, and total phenolic compounds within cucumbers, which were 4.7 mg/g, 4.7 mg/g, 0.94 mg/g, and 0.52 mg/kg, respectively. Moreover, compared to the CK group, combined treatment with CS-HBPL significantly inhibited malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and reducing relative electrolyte permeability within cucumbers, which were 1.45 μmol·g-1FW and 29.82%. Furthermore, it notably enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), while exerting a significant inhibitory effect on polyphenol oxidase (PPO). In summary, the combined CS-HBPL treatment successfully prolonged cucumber shelf life at room temperature, enabling new possibilities for extending cucumber shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrui Sun
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (J.L.); (R.R.); (L.Y.); (L.T.); (J.Y.); (D.W.)
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Trotta F, Da Silva S, Massironi A, Mirpoor SF, Lignou S, Ghawi SK, Charalampopoulos D. Silver Bionanocomposites as Active Food Packaging: Recent Advances & Future Trends Tackling the Food Waste Crisis. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4243. [PMID: 37959923 PMCID: PMC10650736 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Food waste is a pressing global challenge leading to over $1 trillion lost annually and contributing up to 10% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Extensive study has been directed toward the use of active biodegradable packaging materials to improve food quality, minimize plastic use, and encourage sustainable packaging technology development. However, this has been achieved with limited success, which can mainly be attributed to poor material properties and high production costs. In the recent literature, the integration of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has shown to improve the properties of biopolymer, prompting the development of bionanocomposites. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of AgNPs against foodborne pathogens leads towards food shelf-life improvement and provides a route towards reducing food waste. However, few reviews have analyzed AgNPs holistically throughout a portfolio of biopolymers from an industrial perspective. Hence, this review critically analyses the antibacterial, barrier, mechanical, thermal, and water resistance properties of AgNP-based bionanocomposites. These advanced materials are also discussed in terms of food packaging applications and assessed in terms of their performance in enhancing food shelf-life. Finally, the current barriers towards the commercialization of AgNP bionanocomposites are critically discussed to provide an industrial action plan towards the development of sustainable packaging materials to reduce food waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Trotta
- Metalchemy Limited., 71-75 Shelton Street, London WC2H 9JQ, UK; (S.D.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Sidonio Da Silva
- Metalchemy Limited., 71-75 Shelton Street, London WC2H 9JQ, UK; (S.D.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessio Massironi
- Metalchemy Limited., 71-75 Shelton Street, London WC2H 9JQ, UK; (S.D.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Mirpoor
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK (S.L.); (S.K.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Stella Lignou
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK (S.L.); (S.K.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Sameer Khalil Ghawi
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK (S.L.); (S.K.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Dimitris Charalampopoulos
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK (S.L.); (S.K.G.); (D.C.)
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3
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Tomah AA, Zhang Z, Alamer ISA, Khattak AA, Ahmed T, Hu M, Wang D, Xu L, Li B, Wang Y. The Potential of Trichoderma-Mediated Nanotechnology Application in Sustainable Development Scopes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2475. [PMID: 37686983 PMCID: PMC10490099 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impact of industrial development has been well-documented. The use of physical and chemical methods in industrial development has negative consequences for the environment, raising concerns about the sustainability of this approach. There is a growing need for advanced technologies that are compatible with preserving the environment. The use of fungi products for nanoparticle (NP) synthesis is a promising approach that has the potential to meet this need. The genus Trichoderma is a non-pathogenic filamentous fungus with a high degree of genetic diversity. Different strains of this genus have a variety of important environmental, agricultural, and industrial applications. Species of Trichoderma can be used to synthesize metallic NPs using a biological method that is environmentally friendly, low cost, energy saving, and non-toxic. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of Trichoderma metabolism in the synthesis of metallic NPs. We discuss the different metabolic pathways involved in NP synthesis, as well as the role of metabolic metabolites in stabilizing NPs and promoting their synergistic effects. In addition, the future perspective of NPs synthesized by extracts of Trichoderma is discussed, as well as their potential applications in biomedicine, agriculture, and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Athafah Tomah
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (A.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
- Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Misan, Al-Amarah 62001, Iraq
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (A.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Iman Sabah Abd Alamer
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
- Plant Protection, Agriculture Directorate, Al-Amarah 62001, Iraq
| | - Arif Ali Khattak
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Minjun Hu
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Fuyang District, Hangzhou 311400, China;
| | - Daoze Wang
- Hangzhou Rural Revitalization Service Center, Hangzhou 310020, China;
| | - Lihui Xu
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Yanli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (A.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
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Anjum S, Vyas A, Sofi T. Fungi-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles: characterization process and agricultural applications. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4727-4741. [PMID: 36781932 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the field of nanotechnology, the use of biologically active products from fungi for the reduction and synthesis of nanoparticles as an alternative to toxic chemicals has received extensive attention, due to their production of large quantities of proteins, high yields, easy handling, and the low toxicity of the residues. Fungi have become valuable tools for the manufacture of nanoparticles in comparison with other biological systems because of their enhanced growth control and diversity of metabolites, including enzymes, proteins, peptides, polysaccharides, and other macro-molecules. The ability to use different species of fungi and to perform the synthesis under different conditions enables the production of nanoparticles with different physicochemical characteristics. Fungal nanotechnology has been used to develop and offer products and services in the agricultural, medicinal, and industrial sectors. Agriculturally, it has found applications in plant disease management, crop improvement, biosensing, and the production of environmentally friendly, non-toxic pesticides and fertilizers to enhance agricultural production in general. The subject of this review is the application of fungi in the synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles, characterization, and possible applications of fungal nanoparticles in the diverse agricultural sector. The literature shows potential uses of fungi in biogenic synthesis, enabling the production of nanoparticles with different physiognomies. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Anjum
- Department of Botany, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
- Division of Plant Pathology, FoH, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Ashish Vyas
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Tariq Sofi
- Division of Plant Pathology, FoH, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir, India
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Beltrán Pineda ME, Lizarazo Forero LM, Sierra YCA. Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles: a review. Biometals 2023; 36:745-776. [PMID: 36482125 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles currently show multiple applications in the industrial, clinical and environmental fields due to their particular physicochemical characteristics. Conventional approaches for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are based on physicochemical processes which, although they show advantages such as high productivity and good monodispersity of the nanoparticles obtained, have disadvantages such as the high energy cost of the process and the use of harmful radiation or toxic chemical reagents that can generate highly polluting residues. Given the current concern about the environment and the potential cytotoxic effects of AgNPs, once they are released into the environment, a new green chemistry approach to obtain these nanoparticles called biosynthesis has emerged. This new alternative process counteracts some limitations of conventional synthesis methods, using the metabolic capabilities of living beings to manufacture nanomaterials, which have proven to be more biocompatible than their counterparts obtained by traditional methods. Among the organisms used, fungi are outstanding and are therefore being explored as potential nanofactories in an area of research known as mycosynthesis. For all the above, this paper aims to illustrate the advances in state of the art in the mycosynthesis of AgNPs, outlining the two possible mechanisms involved in the process, as well as the AgNPs stabilizing substances produced by fungi, the variables that can affect mycosynthesis at the in vitro level, the applications of AgNPs obtained by mycosynthesis, the patents generated to date in this field, and the limitations encountered by researchers in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Eleonora Beltrán Pineda
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia- Doctorado en Biotecnología- Grupo de Investigación en Macromoléculas UN- Grupo de Investigación Biología Ambiental UPTC. Grupo de Investigación Gestión Ambiental Universidad de Boyacá, Tunja, Colombia.
| | - Luz Marina Lizarazo Forero
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia- Grupo de Investigación Biología Ambiental, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Y Cesar A Sierra
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación en Macromoléculas, Bogotá, Colombia
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6
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Karunakaran G, Sudha KG, Ali S, Cho EB. Biosynthesis of Nanoparticles from Various Biological Sources and Its Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114527. [PMID: 37299004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the broad scope of nanomedicine has played an important role in the global healthcare industry. Biological acquisition methods to obtain nanoparticles (NPs) offer a low-cost, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly approach. This review shows recent data about several methods for procuring nanoparticles and an exhaustive elucidation of biological agents such as plants, algae, bacteria, fungi, actinomycete, and yeast. When compared to the physical, chemical, and biological approaches for obtaining nanoparticles, the biological approach has significant advantages such as non-toxicity and environmental friendliness, which support their significant use in therapeutic applications. The bio-mediated, procured nanoparticles not only help researchers but also manipulate particles to provide health and safety. In addition, we examined the significant biomedical applications of nanoparticles, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and other medical applications. This review highlights the findings of current research on the bio-mediated acquisition of novel NPs and scrutinizes the various methods proposed to describe them. The bio-mediated synthesis of NPs from plant extracts has several advantages, including bioavailability, environmental friendliness, and low cost. Researchers have sequenced the analysis of the biochemical mechanisms and enzyme reactions of bio-mediated acquisition as well as the determination of the bioactive compounds mediated by nanoparticle acquisition. This review is primarily concerned with collating research from researchers from a variety of disciplines that frequently provides new clarifications to serious problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalu Karunakaran
- Institute for Applied Chemistry, Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Kattakgoundar Govindaraj Sudha
- Department of Biotechnology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saheb Ali
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Eun-Bum Cho
- Institute for Applied Chemistry, Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
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7
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Firdous N, Moradinezhad F, Farooq F, Dorostkar M. Advances in formulation, functionality, and application of edible coatings on fresh produce and fresh-cut products: A review. Food Chem 2023; 407:135186. [PMID: 36525802 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing population of the world food demand is also increasing but unfortunately, many countries in the world are lacking suitable and economical postharvest preservation techniques to minimize increasing postharvest losses. To ensure food security advanced production technologies, distribution systems and minimum losses should be ensured to give accessibility of food to all population groups. Innovative preservation techniques should be adopted by the agriculture sector to meet intercontinental distribution and demand for fresh produce. The application of the edible coating is a novel technique in postharvest preservation due to its simple application, ecofriendly nature, and effectiveness. Edible coatings can also improve the quality and safety aspects of fresh produce and thus extends shelf life. This review aimed to update information about recent advances in edible coating formulation and application mainly on fresh-cut /minimally processed fruits and vegetables. This information will be helpful for processors to select the best coating material and its effective concentration for different fresh and minimal processed vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Firdous
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farid Moradinezhad
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Fatima Farooq
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Dorostkar
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
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8
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Kishore A, Mithul Aravind S, Singh A. Bionanocomposites for active and smart food packaging: A review on its application, safety, and health aspects. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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9
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Mani A, Ramasamy P, Prabhu AAM, Rajendiran N. Investigation of Ag and Ag/Co bimetallic nanoparticles with naproxen-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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10
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Husain S, Nandi A, Simnani FZ, Saha U, Ghosh A, Sinha A, Sahay A, Samal SK, Panda PK, Verma SK. Emerging Trends in Advanced Translational Applications of Silver Nanoparticles: A Progressing Dawn of Nanotechnology. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:47. [PMID: 36662094 PMCID: PMC9863943 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoscience has emerged as a fascinating field of science, with its implementation in multiple applications in the form of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has recently been more impactful in diverse sectors such as the pharmaceutical industry, agriculture sector, and food market. The peculiar properties which make nanoparticles as an asset are their large surface area and their size, which ranges between 1 and 100 nanometers (nm). Various technologies, such as chemical and biological processes, are being used to synthesize nanoparticles. The green chemistry route has become extremely popular due to its use in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Nanomaterials are versatile and impactful in different day to day applications, resulting in their increased utilization and distribution in human cells, tissues, and organs. Owing to the deployment of nanoparticles at a high demand, the need to produce nanoparticles has raised concerns regarding environmentally friendly processes. These processes are meant to produce nanomaterials with improved physiochemical properties that can have significant uses in the fields of medicine, physics, and biochemistry. Among a plethora of nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles have emerged as the most investigated and used nanoparticle. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become vital entities of study due to their distinctive properties which the scientific society aims to investigate the uses of. The current review addresses the modern expansion of AgNP synthesis, characterization, and mechanism, as well as global applications of AgNPs and their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheen Husain
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP), Sector 125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Aditya Nandi
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | | | - Utsa Saha
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Aishee Ghosh
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Adrija Sinha
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Aarya Sahay
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Shailesh Kumar Samal
- Unit of Immunology and Chronic Disease, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pritam Kumar Panda
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Suresh K. Verma
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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Shan Y, Li T, Qu H, Duan X, Farag MA, Xiao J, Gao H, Jiang Y. Nano‐preservation: An emerging postharvest technology for quality maintenance and shelf life extension of fresh fruit and vegetable. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youxia Shan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Taotao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Hongxia Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Universidade de Vigo Vigo Spain
| | - Haiyan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Postharvest Handing of Fruits of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Food Science Institute Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement Core Botanical Gardens, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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Armghan Khalid M, Niaz B, Saeed F, Afzaal M, Islam F, Hussain M, Mahwish, Muhammad Salman Khalid H, Siddeeg A, Al-Farga A. Edible coatings for enhancing safety and quality attributes of fresh produce: A comprehensive review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2107005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bushra Niaz
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Islam
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzzamal Hussain
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahwish
- Institute of Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Salman Khalid
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Azhari Siddeeg
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | - Ammar Al-Farga
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Pervaiz S, Bibi I, Hussain Shah SW, Wahab ZU, Ilyas H, Khan A, Khan M, Zada A. Oil mediated green synthesis of nano silver in the presence of surfactants for catalytic and food preservation application. Z PHYS CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2022-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The present study details the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using clove oil as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Cationic, anionic, nonionic and zwitterionic surfactants were introduced to study the change in size, shape, and morphology of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized using different techniques. The nanoparticles had shown specific surface Plasmon resonance band with absorbance between 380 and 385 nm. The X-ray diffraction study revealed that the nanoparticles are composed of spherical cubic crystals with average size between 136 and 180 nm while Dynamic Laser scattering (DLS) studies revealed an effective diameter of 82 nm and polydispersity index of 0.005. Thermogravimetric analysis suggested that the particles are stable even at 600 °C. All the samples presented good antibacterial and antifungal efficacies against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans and good catalytic activities for the degradation of fast green and Allura red dyes. Further, thin edible films of the nanoparticles were prepared using sodium alginate for food preservation. The films were coated on fruits and vegetables for extending their shelf life to cope with demand and supply gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemab Pervaiz
- Department of Conservation Studies , Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry , Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry , Quaid e Azam University , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Iram Bibi
- Department of Chemistry , Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan
| | | | - Zain Ul Wahab
- Department of Conservation Studies , Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Ilyas
- Department of Chemistry , Quaid e Azam University , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Khan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Bacha Khan Medical College Mardan , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , 23200 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xian , 710072 , P. R. China
| | - Amir Zada
- Department of Chemistry , Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , 23200 Pakistan
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14
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Abdul Razak NQ, Md Yusoff MH, Abdul Aziz WNA, Kamal ML, Hasan S, Uyup NH, Zulkffle MA, Mohamed Hussin NA, Shafie MH. Effects of silver nanoparticles on seed germination and seedling growth: A review. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Dmitrieva E, Grushevenko E, Razlataya D, Golubev G, Rokhmanka T, Anokhina T, Bazhenov S. Alginate Ag for Composite Hollow Fiber Membrane: Formation and Ethylene/Ethane Gas Mixture Separation. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1090. [PMID: 36363645 PMCID: PMC9696779 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Membranes based on natural polymers, in particular alginate, are of great interest for various separation tasks. In particular, the possibility of introducing silver ions during the crosslinking of sodium alginate makes it possible to obtain a membrane with an active olefin transporter. In this work, the creation of a hollow fiber composite membrane with a selective layer of silver alginate is proposed for the first time. The approach to obtaining silver alginate is presented in detail, and its sorption and transport properties are also studied. It is worth noting the increased selectivity of the material for the ethylene/ethane mixture (more than 100). A technique for obtaining a hollow fiber membrane from silver alginate has been developed, and its separating characteristics have been determined. It is shown that in thin layers, silver alginate retains high values of selectivity for the ethylene/ethane gas pair. The obtained gas transport properties demonstrate the high potential of using membranes based on silver alginate for the separation of an olefin/paraffin mixture.
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16
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Younas W, Khan FU, Zaman M, Lin D, Zuberi A, Wang Y. Toxicity of synthesized silver nanoparticles in a widespread fish: A comparison between green and chemical. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157366. [PMID: 35843321 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles are gaining importance in various fields of life due to their large surface area to volume ratio. However, metallic nanoparticles pose different toxic effects on fish when they appear with different shapes and compositions in water. Herein the present study was designed to evaluate the median (LC50) and sub-lethal (1/10th of LC50) concentrations of Ag-Green NPs, 700 μg/L for Ag-Chem NPs, and 50 μg/L for Ag2O-Chem NPs were confirmed in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. Furthermore, exposure of H. molitrix fingerlings to 10 % of LC50 concentration of these particles induced significantly higher (p < 0.05) activities of serum alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, white blood cells, acetylcholinesterase and catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, relative gene expressions of antioxidant enzymes, heat shock protein (Hsp70), hypoxia- inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and lipid peroxidase level than the control, but decreased hematological parameters with less effects of Ag-Green NPs than chemically synthesized AgNPs. Moreover, the histopathological study also indicated morphological changes in the liver and gills of treated fish groups. The comparative toxicity evaluation revealed the maximum negative effect of Ag2O-Chem NPs followed by Ag-Chem NPs while Ag-Green NPs showed the least toxic effects. Based on our results, replacement of chemically synthesized NPs to green synthesized AgNPs can be recommended in large scale application to reduce the noxious effects to aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Younas
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Fahim Ullah Khan
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhib Zaman
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Daohui Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Amina Zuberi
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Bhattacharjee R, Kumar L, Mukerjee N, Anand U, Dhasmana A, Preetam S, Bhaumik S, Sihi S, Pal S, Khare T, Chattopadhyay S, El-Zahaby SA, Alexiou A, Koshy EP, Kumar V, Malik S, Dey A, Proćków J. The emergence of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) as a phytomedicine: A two-facet role in plant growth, nano-toxicity and anti-phyto-microbial activity. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113658. [PMID: 36162370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-microbial resistance (AMR) has recently emerged as an area of high interest owing to the rapid surge of AMR phenotypes. Metal oxide NPs (MeONPs) have been identified as novel phytomedicine and have recently peaked a lot of interest due to their potential applications in combating phytopathogens, besides enhancing plant growth and yields. Numerous MeONPs (Ti2O, MgO, CuO, Ag2O, SiO2, ZnO, and CaO) have been synthesized and tested to validate their antimicrobial roles without causing toxicity to the cells. This review discusses the application of the MeONPs with special emphasis on anti-microbial activities in agriculture and enlists how cellular toxicity caused through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production affects plant growth, morphology, and viability. This review further highlights the two-facet role of silver and copper oxide NPs including their anti-microbial applications and toxicities. Furthermore, the factor modulating nanotoxicity and immunomodulation for cytokine production has also been discussed. Thus, this article will not only provide the researchers with the potential bottlenecks but also emphasizes a comprehensive outline of breakthroughs in the applicability of MeONPs in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bhattacharjee
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Lamha Kumar
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata 700118, West Bengal, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Archna Dhasmana
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Swami Ram Nagar, Doiwala, Dehradun 248016, India
| | - Subham Preetam
- Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751030, India
| | - Samudra Bhaumik
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Sanjana Sihi
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Sanjana Pal
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Tushar Khare
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Soham Chattopadhyay
- Department of Zoology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata, Kolkata 700013, West Bengal, India
| | - Sally A El-Zahaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW2770, Australia & AFNP Med, Wien 1030, Austria
| | - Eapen P Koshy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834001, India.
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland.
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18
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Gul T, Mukhtar S, Alghamdi W, Ali I, Saeed A, Kumam P. Entropy and Bejan Number Influence on the Liquid Film Flow of Viscoelastic Hybrid Nanofluids in a Porous Space in Terms of Heat Transfer. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:33365-33374. [PMID: 36157780 PMCID: PMC9494426 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the various parameters on the flow of thin film motion on an inclined extending surface. Maxwell fluid is used as a base fluid, and magnesium oxide (MgO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) are used as nanocomponents. The width of the thin film is considered variable and varied according to the stability of the proposed model. The magnetic field is used in the vertical track to the flow field. The entropy generation and Bejan number are examined under the influence of various embedded parameters. The outputs of the liquid film motion, thermal profile, and concentration field are also shown with the help of their respective graphs based on the collected data. The solution of the model involves key features such as entropy generation, Bejan number, drag force, and heat transfer rate. Brinkman number, magnetic parameter, radiation parameter, thickness parameter β, and unsteadiness parameter S are also deliberated graphically. The percentage improvement for the enhancement of heat transfer has been calculated and compared for both the nanofluid and hybrid nanofluids. The results are validated through comparison with the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taza Gul
- Department
of Mathematics, City University of Science
and Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Safyan Mukhtar
- Department
of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship
King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400,
Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajdi Alghamdi
- Department
of Information Technology, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishtiaq Ali
- Department
of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P. O. Box 400,
postcode, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Saeed
- Center
of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE),
Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s
University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Poom Kumam
- Center
of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE),
Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s
University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Department
of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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19
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Xu N, Kang J, Ye Y, Zhang Q, Ke M, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Lu T, Peijnenburg WJGM, Bao G, Qian H. Machine learning predicts ecological risks of nanoparticles to soil microbial communities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119528. [PMID: 35623569 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology in agriculture, there is increasing urgency to assess the impacts of nanoparticles (NPs) on the soil environment. This study merged raw high-throughput sequencing (HTS) data sets generated from 365 soil samples to reveal the potential ecological effects of NPs on soil microbial community by means of metadata analysis and machine learning methods. Metadata analysis showed that treatment with nanoparticles did not have a significant impact on the alpha diversity of the microbial community, but significantly altered the beta diversity. Unfortunately, the abundance of several beneficial bacteria, such as Dyella, Methylophilus, Streptomyces, which promote the growth of plants, and improve pathogenic resistance, was reduced under the addition of synthetic nanoparticles. Furthermore, metadata demonstrated that nanoparticles treatment weakened the biosynthesis ability of cofactors, carriers, and vitamins, and enhanced the degradation ability of aromatic compounds, amino acids, etc. This is unfavorable for the performance of soil functions. Besides the soil heterogeneity, machine learning uncovered that a) the exposure time of nanoparticles was the most important factor to reshape the soil microbial community, and b) long-term exposure decreased the diversity of microbial community and the abundance of beneficial bacteria. This study is the first to use a machine learning model and metadata analysis to investigate the relationship between the properties of nanoparticles and the hazards to the soil microbial community from a macro perspective. This guides the rational use of nanoparticles for which the impacts on soil microbiota are minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuohan Xu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China
| | - Jian Kang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China
| | - Yangqing Ye
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China
| | - Mingjing Ke
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, PR China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China
| | - W J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, RA, Leiden, 2300, the Netherlands; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Guanjun Bao
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, PR China.
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20
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Odetayo T, Tesfay S, Ngobese NZ. Nanotechnology-enhanced edible coating application on climacteric fruits. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:2149-2167. [PMID: 35844928 PMCID: PMC9281961 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Climacteric fruits continue to ripen after harvest and produce ethylene, coupled with an increase in respiration rate, which contributes to more rapid perishability. Inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis has been shown to be an efficient way to delay the onset of ripening and lengthen shelf life. The use of edible materials as coatings presents an efficient approach in preserving the quality of fruits. Edible coatings have many benefits, such as affordability, ease of application, and use of natural ingredients. Nanotechnology provides interesting approaches to the management of fruit shelf life after harvest. Nanotechnology has the capacity of producing new materials by minimizing the size of components to a nanometric level. These kinds of nanomaterials possess distinct and improved properties for delaying fruit ripening and decay. The main goal of adding nanoparticles to edible coatings is to enhance the biopolymer's mechanical and water vapor barrier properties. Nanoparticles also contain biopolymer-like features and are thought to have superior antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties than edible coatings. This review is aimed at summarizing recent findings on the application of edible coatings in the form of nanoparticles, and their effect on quality parameters and shelf life extension of climacteric fruits. Peer-reviewed articles were obtained by using Scopus and science direct. The current materials widely used for coating climacteric fruits are zinc, silver and chitosan nanoparticles. Zinc nanoparticles have been shown to be more effective in delaying ripening significantly by reducing weight and moisture loss and ensuring retention of fruit firmness. Further research is needed to understand their effect on other physicochemical properties of fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitayo Odetayo
- Department of Botany and Plant BiotechnologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Samson Tesfay
- Department of Horticultural ScienceFaculty of ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu‐Natal South AfricaPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
| | - Nomali Ziphorah Ngobese
- Department of Botany and Plant BiotechnologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa
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21
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Dhanjal DS, Mehra P, Bhardwaj S, Singh R, Sharma P, Nepovimova E, Chopra C, Kuca K. Mycology-Nanotechnology Interface: Applications in Medicine and Cosmetology. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2505-2533. [PMID: 35677678 PMCID: PMC9170235 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s363282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In today's time, nanotechnology is being utilized to develop efficient products in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The application of nanotechnology in transforming bioactive material into nanoscale products substantially improves their biocompatibility and enhances their effectiveness, even when used in lower quantities. There is a significant global market potential for these nanoparticles because of which research teams around the world are interested in the advancements in nanotechnology. These recent advances have shown that fungi can synthesize metallic nanoparticles via extra- and intracellular mechanisms. Moreover, the chemical and physical properties of novel metallic nanoparticles synthesised by fungi are improved by regulating the surface chemistry, size, and surface morphology of the nanoparticles. Compared to chemical synthesis, the green synthesis of nanoparticles offers a safe and sustainable approach for developing nanoparticles. Biosynthesised nanoparticles can potentially enhance the bioactivities of different cellular fractions, such as plant extracts, fungal extracts, and metabolites. The nanoparticles synthesised by fungi offer a wide range of applications. Recently, the biosynthesis of nanoparticles using fungi has become popular, and various ways are being explored to maximize nanoparticles synthesis. This manuscript reviews the characteristics and applications of the nanoparticles synthesised using the different taxa of fungi. The key focus is given to the applications of these nanoparticles in medicine and cosmetology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Parul Mehra
- Central Research Institute, Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sonali Bhardwaj
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Parvarish Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50005, Czech Republic
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22
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Li P, Zhang S, Xu C, Zhang L, Liu Q, Chu S, Li S, Mao G, Wang H. Coating Fe 3O 4 quantum dots with sodium alginate showing enhanced catalysis for capillary array-based rapid analysis of H 2O 2 in milk. Food Chem 2022; 380:132188. [PMID: 35077990 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A simple and high-throughput colorimetric analysis array has been constructed for quantifying H2O2 in milk using Fe3O4 quantum dots (QDs), which were coated with sodium alginate (SA) and chromogenic substrate onto the arrayed capillary tubes. It was discovered that the Fe3O4 QDs could present larger peroxidase-like catalysis than Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). Particularly, dramatically enhanced catalysis activity could be achieved for Fe3O4 QDs if coated with SA films. Moreover, the use of SA could protect Fe3O4 QDs to expect the improved environmental stability. A capillary arrays-based high-throughput colorimetric platform was thereby developed for the detection of H2O2 in milk, with levels linearly ranging from 10 to 400 μM. Importantly, the developed colorimetric platform with the capillarity power for automatic fetching of multiple samples may promise the practical applications for extensive monitoring of multiple H2O2 samples for food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Application Technologies, School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Zhejiang 313000, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Chenchen Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Lixiang Zhang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, PR China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Su Chu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Shuai Li
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Application Technologies, School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Zhejiang 313000, PR China
| | - Guojiang Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Hua Wang
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Application Technologies, School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Zhejiang 313000, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China.
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23
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Changez M, Anwar MF, Al-Ghenaime S, Kapoor S, Balushi RA, Chaudhuri A. Synergic effect of aqueous extracts of Ocimum sanctum and Trigonella foenum-graecum L on the in situ green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and as a preventative agent against antibiotic-resistant food spoiling organisms. RSC Adv 2022; 12:1425-1432. [PMID: 35425194 PMCID: PMC8978925 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08098a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of Ocimum sanctum and Trigonella foenum-graecum L leaf water extract synergistically acts as a reducing and capping agent for the synthesis of narrow polydisperse silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with controlled sizes depending on the precursor (AgNO3) concentration in the plant extract. The toxicity of 40 nm-sized green synthesized Ag NPs is less than that of 10 nm-sized NPs. The Ag NP solution in Ocimum sanctum and Trigonella foenum-graecum L leaf water extract shows synergic antibacterial effect on Gram-negative bacteria by effecting the ester group of the lipids (hydrolysis) and also breaking the amide bonds of the bacterial chemical constituents, which leads to their rapid death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Changez
- College of Applied and Health Sciences, A' Sharqiyah University Ibra 400 Sultanate of Oman
| | | | - Said Al-Ghenaime
- College of Applied and Health Sciences, A' Sharqiyah University Ibra 400 Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sumeet Kapoor
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD) India
| | - Rayya Al Balushi
- College of Applied and Health Sciences, A' Sharqiyah University Ibra 400 Sultanate of Oman
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24
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Biosynthesis of Metal-Based Nanoparticles by Trichoderma and Its Potential Applications. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91650-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Adebayo EA, Azeez MA, Alao MB, Oke AM, Aina DA. Fungi as veritable tool in current advances in nanobiotechnology. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08480. [PMID: 34901509 PMCID: PMC8640478 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi have great prospects for synthesis, applications and developing new products in nanotechnology. In recent times, fungi use in nanotechnology is gaining more attention because of the ecological friendly state of their metabolite-mediated nanoparticles, their safety, amenability and applications in diverse fields. The diversity of the metabolites such as enzymes, polysaccharide, polypeptide, protein and other macro-molecules has made fungi a veritable tool for nanoparticles synthesis. Mechanism of fungal nano-biosynthesis from the molecular perspective has been extensively studied through various investigations on its green synthesized metal nanoparticles. Fungal nanobiotechnology has been applied in agricultural, medical and industrial sectors for goods and services improvement and delivery to mankind. Agriculturally, it has found applications in plant disease management and production of environmentally friendly, non-toxic insecticides, fungicides to enhance agricultural production in general. Medically, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, especially of microbial origin have been improved with fungal nanoparticles through more efficient drug delivery systems with great benefits to pharmaceutical industries. This review therefore explored fungal nanobiotechnology; mechanism of synthesis, characterization and potential applications in various fields of human endeavours for goods and services delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah A. Adebayo
- Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
- LAUTECH Nanotechnology Research Group, Nigeria
| | - Musibau A. Azeez
- Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
- LAUTECH Nanotechnology Research Group, Nigeria
| | - Micheal B. Alao
- Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Abel M. Oke
- Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Daniel A. Aina
- Department of Microbiology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
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Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by plant extract, incorporated into alginate films and their characterizations. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Kumar A, Choudhary A, Kaur H, Mehta S, Husen A. Metal-based nanoparticles, sensors, and their multifaceted application in food packaging. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:256. [PMID: 34446005 PMCID: PMC8393480 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00996-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the global rise of the human population, one of the top-most challenges for poor and developing nations is to use the food produces safely and sustainably. In this regard, the storage of surplus food (and derived products) without loss of freshness, nutrient stability, shelf life, and their parallel efficient utilization will surely boost the food production sector. One of the best technologies that have emerged within the last twenty years with applications in the packaging of food and industrial materials is the use of green mode-based synthesized nanoparticles (NPs). These NPs are stable, advantageous as well as eco-friendly. Over the several years, numerous publications have confirmed that these NPs exert antibacterial, antioxidant, and antifungal activity against a plethora of pathogens. The storage in metal-based NPs (M-NPs) does not hamper the food properties and packaging efficiency. Additionally, these M-NPs help in the improvement of properties including freshness indicators, mechanical properties, antibacterial and water vapor permeability during food packaging. As a result, the nano-technological application facilitates a simple, alternate, interactive as well as reliable technology. It even provides positive feedback to food industries and packaging markets. Taken together, the current review paper is an attempt to highlight the M-NPs for prominent applications of antimicrobial properties, nanosensors, and food packaging of food items. Additionally, some comparative reports associated with M-NPs mechanism of action, risks, toxicity, and overall future perspectives have also been made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antul Kumar
- Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004 India
| | - Anuj Choudhary
- Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004 India
| | - Harmanjot Kaur
- Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004 India
| | - Sahil Mehta
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Azamal Husen
- Wolaita Sodo University, P.O. Box: 138, Wolaita, Ethiopia
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Bamal D, Singh A, Chaudhary G, Kumar M, Singh M, Rani N, Mundlia P, Sehrawat AR. Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial Activities, Applications, Cytotoxicity and Safety Issues: An Updated Review. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082086. [PMID: 34443916 PMCID: PMC8402060 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rapid advances in nanotechnology have led to its emergence as a tool for the development of green synthesized noble metal nanoparticles, especially silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), for applications in diverse fields such as human health, the environment and industry. The importance of AgNPs is because of their unique physicochemical and antimicrobial properties, with a myriad of activities that are applicable in various fields, including the pharmaceutical industry. Countries with high biodiversity require the collection and transformation of information about biological assets into processes, associations, methods and tools that must be combined with the sustainable utilization of biological diversity. Therefore, this review paper discusses the applicable studies of the biosynthesis of AgNPs and their antimicrobial activities towards microorganisms in different areas viz. medicine and agriculture. The confirmed antiviral properties of AgNPs promote their applicability for SARS-CoV-2 treatment, based on assimilating the virus’ activities with those of similar viruses via in vivo studies. In this review, an insight into the cytotoxicity and safety issues of AgNPs, along with their future prospects, is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Bamal
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India; (D.B.); (A.S.); (G.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Anoop Singh
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India; (D.B.); (A.S.); (G.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Gaurav Chaudhary
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India; (D.B.); (A.S.); (G.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Monu Kumar
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India; (D.B.); (A.S.); (G.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Manjeet Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Oilseeds Section, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India;
| | - Neelam Rani
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India;
| | - Poonam Mundlia
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India;
| | - Anita R. Sehrawat
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India; (D.B.); (A.S.); (G.C.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Chen J, Wu A, Yang M, Ge Y, Pristijono P, Li J, Xu B, Mi H. Characterization of sodium alginate-based films incorporated with thymol for fresh-cut apple packaging. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Skóra B, Piechowiak T, Szychowski KA, Gmiński J. Entrapment of silver nanoparticles in L-α-phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol-based liposomes mitigates the oxidative stress in human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 166:163-174. [PMID: 34171495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulation procedures are used to decrease the contact of toxic nanoparticles with cells; however, this field is still not well explored. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect of encapsulation of silver nanoparticles in L-α-phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol-based liposomes on a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). The homogenous (PdI = 0.171) spherical (~161 nm diameter) complexes were prepared by thin film hydration with the extrusion method. The UV-Vis scan and Dynamic Light Scattering measurement did not show any "free" silver nanoparticles in solutions, which was confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscope analysis. Moreover, the liposomes were tested on HaCaT cells, showing that the encapsulation process reduced the toxicity by 30%-10% at the 100 nM and 1 pM concentrations, respectively, in comparison to "free" nanoparticles, measured by resazurin reduction and lactate dehydrogenase release assays. Moreover, the caspase-3 activity was lower after 48-h treatment with LipoAgNPs than with AgNPs. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after 1, 6, 48, and 72 h of treatment of HaCaT cells was significantly lower in comparison to cells treated with "bare" silver nanoparticles analyzed with the H2DCF-DA probe. The metabolic activity was strictly correlated with toxicity, indicating a lower negative impact of encapsulated nanoparticles than the "bare" ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Piechowiak
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, St. Ćwiklinskiej 1a, 35-601, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Jan Gmiński
- Department of Lifestyle Disorders and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland
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Thulasisingh A, Kumar K, Yamunadevi B, Poojitha N, SuhailMadharHanif S, Kannaiyan S. Biodegradable packaging materials. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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32
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Nanostructured Palladacycle and its Decorated Ag-NP Composite: Synthesis, Morphological Aspects, Characterization, Quantum Chemical Calculation and Antimicrobial Activity. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-05214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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33
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Polysaccharide-Based Packaging Functionalized with Inorganic Nanoparticles for Food Preservation. POLYSACCHARIDES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides2020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Functionalization of polysaccharide-based packaging incorporating inorganic nanoparticles for food preservation is an active research area. This review summarizes the use of polysaccharide-based materials functionalized with inorganic nanoparticles (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Zr, MgO, halloysite, and montmorillonite) to develop hybrid packaging for fruit, vegetables, meat (lamb, minced, pork, and poultry), mushrooms, cheese, eggs, and Ginkgo biloba seeds preservation. Their effects on quality parameters and shelf life are also discussed. In general, treated fruit, vegetables, mushrooms, and G. biloba seeds markedly increased their shelf life without significant changes in their sensory attributes, associated with a slowdown effect in the ripening process (respiration rate) due to the excellent gas exchange and barrier properties that effectively prevented dehydration, weight loss, enzymatic browning, microbial infections by spoilage and foodborne pathogenic bacteria, and mildew apparition in comparison with uncoated or polysaccharide-coated samples. Similarly, hybrid packaging showed protective effects to preserve meat products, cheese, and eggs by preventing microbial infections and lipid peroxidation, extending the food product’s shelf life without changes in their sensory attributes. According to the evidence, polysaccharide-hybrid packaging can preserve the quality parameters of different food products. However, further studies are needed to guarantee the safe implementation of these organic–inorganic packaging materials in the food industry.
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Employing Nanosilver, Nanocopper, and Nanoclays in Food Packaging Production: A Systematic Review. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11050509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been an increasing demand for “ready-to-cook” and “ready-to-eat” foods, encouraging food producers, food suppliers, and food scientists to package foods with minimal processing and loss of nutrients during food processing. Following the increasing trend in the customer’s demands for minimally processed foodstuffs, this underscores the importance of promising interests toward industrial applications of novel and practical approaches in food. Along with substantial progress in the emergence of “nanoscience”, which has turned into the call of the century, the efficacy of conventional packaging has faded away. Accordingly, there is a wide range of new types of packaging, including electronic packaging machines, flexible packaging, sterile packaging, metal containers, aluminum foil, and flexographic printing. Hence, it has been demonstrated that these novel approaches can economically improve food safety and quality, decrease the microbial load of foodborne pathogens, and reduce food spoilage. This review study provides a comprehensive overview of the most common chemical or natural nanocomposites used in food packaging that can extend food shelf life, safety and quality. Finally, we discuss applying materials in the production of active and intelligent food packaging nanocomposite, synthesis of nanomaterial, and their effects on human health.
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35
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Bahrulolum H, Nooraei S, Javanshir N, Tarrahimofrad H, Mirbagheri VS, Easton AJ, Ahmadian G. Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using microorganisms and their application in the agrifood sector. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:86. [PMID: 33771172 PMCID: PMC7995756 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00834-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The agricultural sector is currently facing many global challenges, such as climate change, and environmental problems such as the release of pesticides and fertilizers, which will be exacerbated in the face of population growth and food shortages. Therefore, the need to change traditional farming methods and replace them with new technologies is essential, and the application of nanotechnology, especially green technology offers considerable promise in alleviating these problems. Nanotechnology has led to changes and advances in many technologies and has the potential to transform various fields of the agricultural sector, including biosensors, pesticides, fertilizers, food packaging and other areas of the agricultural industry. Due to their unique properties, nanomaterials are considered as suitable carriers for stabilizing fertilizers and pesticides, as well as facilitating controlled nutrient transfer and increasing crop protection. The production of nanoparticles by physical and chemical methods requires the use of hazardous materials, advanced equipment, and has a negative impact on the environment. Thus, over the last decade, research activities in the context of nanotechnology have shifted towards environmentally friendly and economically viable 'green' synthesis to support the increasing use of nanoparticles in various industries. Green synthesis, as part of bio-inspired protocols, provides reliable and sustainable methods for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles by a wide range of microorganisms rather than current synthetic processes. Therefore, this field is developing rapidly and new methods in this field are constantly being invented to improve the properties of nanoparticles. In this review, we consider the latest advances and innovations in the production of metal nanoparticles using green synthesis by different groups of microorganisms and the application of these nanoparticles in various agricultural sectors to achieve food security, improve crop production and reduce the use of pesticides. In addition, the mechanism of synthesis of metal nanoparticles by different microorganisms and their advantages and disadvantages compared to other common methods are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howra Bahrulolum
- Department of Industrial Environmental and Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O.BOX: 14155-6343, 1497716316, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saghi Nooraei
- Department of Industrial Environmental and Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O.BOX: 14155-6343, 1497716316, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Javanshir
- Department of Industrial Environmental and Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O.BOX: 14155-6343, 1497716316, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Tarrahimofrad
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Vasighe Sadat Mirbagheri
- Department of Industrial Environmental and Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O.BOX: 14155-6343, 1497716316, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Fisheries and Environment Science, Gorgan University of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Andrew J Easton
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Gholamreza Ahmadian
- Department of Industrial Environmental and Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O.BOX: 14155-6343, 1497716316, Tehran, Iran.
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36
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Novel Nanoparticle Biomaterial of Alginate/Chitosan Loading Simultaneously Lovastatin and Ginsenoside RB1: Characteristics, Morphology, and Drug Release Study. INT J POLYM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5214510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, plenty of interesting studies on improvement of bioavailability for poorly soluble drugs were implemented with different approaches such as using of combined biopolymers as a delivery system that allowed to enhancing drug solubility and bioavailability. In this work, alginate and chitosan were blended together in the form of polymeric particles, loaded with both lovastatin and ginsenoside Rb1 to producing the four-component nanoparticles by ionic gelation method. CaCl2 and sodium tripolyphosphate were used as gelation agent and cross-linking agent, respectively. The characteristics of obtained nanoparticles were studied by means of infrared spectra (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). In combination, ginsenoside Rb1 and lovastatin both interacted with each other to improve the drug release ability of the polymer particles. The change of initial content of drugs in the nanoparticles has a negligible effect on the functional groups in the structure of the nanoparticles but has a significant impact on drug release process of both lovastatin and ginsenoside Rb1 from the nanoparticles in selective simulated body fluids. In addition, the synergistic interaction of lovastatin and ginsenoside Rb1 could be also observed through the modification of relative crystal degree and drug release efficiency.
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37
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Antibacterial efficacy of facile cyanobacterial silver nanoparticles inferred by antioxidant mechanism. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 122:111888. [PMID: 33641896 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained importance in technological advances owing to their user friendly enhanced and efficient physical, chemical, and biological characteristics compared to their bulk counterparts. Biological synthesis of NPs by using a microorganism, enzymes, or plant extracts offers a greener and eco-friendly approach besides many advantages over physical or chemical approaches. This study reports the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Nostoc muscorum NCCU 442 aqueous extract as the reducing and capping agent for AgNPs synthesis. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-VIS spectrum, SEM, EDS, TEM, AFM, DLS and XRD. Results showed distinguishing polycrystalline nature of synthesized AgNPs with surface plasmon significant band in the size range of 6-45nm with average 30 size nm. FT-IR study revealed the role of secondary metabolites present in aqueous extract for the synthesis of AgNPs. Biological activities of purified AgNPs as antioxidant and antibacterial potential showed the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 902.
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38
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Meena M, Swapnil P, Yadav G, Sonigra P. Role of fungi in bio-production of nanomaterials at megascale. FUNGI BIO-PROSPECTS IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE, ENVIRONMENT AND NANO-TECHNOLOGY 2021:453-474. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821734-4.00006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
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39
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Sahoo M, Vishwakarma S, Panigrahi C, Kumar J. Nanotechnology: Current applications and future scope in food. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Sahoo
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Siddharth Vishwakarma
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
| | - Chirasmita Panigrahi
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
| | - Jayant Kumar
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
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40
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Tehri N, Vashishth A, Gahlaut A, Hooda V. Biosynthesis, antimicrobial spectra and applications of silver nanoparticles: current progress and future prospects. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1862212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Tehri
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Vashishth
- Department of Biochemistry, International Institute of Veterinary Education and Research (LUVAS), Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Anjum Gahlaut
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Hooda
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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41
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Shyam A, Chandran S. S, George B, E. S. Plant mediated synthesis of AgNPs and its applications: an overview. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1852254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aswathi Shyam
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri Campus, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Smitha Chandran S.
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri Campus, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Bini George
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kerala, India
| | - Sreelekha E.
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye, Kerala, India
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42
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Barra A, Santos JDC, Silva MRF, Nunes C, Ruiz-Hitzky E, Gonçalves I, Yildirim S, Ferreira P, Marques PAAP. Graphene Derivatives in Biopolymer-Based Composites for Food Packaging Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2077. [PMID: 33096705 PMCID: PMC7589102 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to showcase the current use of graphene derivatives, graphene-based nanomaterials in particular, in biopolymer-based composites for food packaging applications. A brief introduction regarding the valuable attributes of available and emergent bioplastic materials is made so that their contributions to the packaging field can be understood. Furthermore, their drawbacks are also disclosed to highlight the benefits that graphene derivatives can bring to bio-based formulations, from physicochemical to mechanical, barrier, and functional properties as antioxidant activity or electrical conductivity. The reported improvements in biopolymer-based composites carried out by graphene derivatives in the last three years are discussed, pointing to their potential for innovative food packaging applications such as electrically conductive food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Barra
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.B.); (J.D.C.S.); (M.R.F.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (C.N.); (I.G.)
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, CSIC, c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jéssica D. C. Santos
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.B.); (J.D.C.S.); (M.R.F.S.)
- Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland;
| | - Mariana R. F. Silva
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.B.); (J.D.C.S.); (M.R.F.S.)
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (C.N.); (I.G.)
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, CSIC, c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Idalina Gonçalves
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (C.N.); (I.G.)
| | - Selçuk Yildirim
- Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland;
| | - Paula Ferreira
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.B.); (J.D.C.S.); (M.R.F.S.)
| | - Paula A. A. P. Marques
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, TEMA—Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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43
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Alfei S, Marengo B, Zuccari G. Nanotechnology application in food packaging: A plethora of opportunities versus pending risks assessment and public concerns. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109664. [PMID: 33233243 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors, oxidation and microorganisms contamination, are the major causes for food spoilage, which leads to sensory features alteration, loss of quality, production of harmful chemicals and growth of foodborne pathogens capable to cause severe illness. Synthetic preservatives, traditional conserving methods and food packaging (FP), although effective in counteracting food spoilage, do not allow the real-time monitoring of food quality during storage and transportation and assent a relatively short shelf life. In addition, FP may protect food by the spoilage caused by external contaminations, but is ineffective against foodborne microorganisms. FP preservative functionalities could be improved adding edible natural antioxidants and antimicrobials, but such chemicals are easily degradable. Nowadays, thanks to nanotechnology techniques, it is possible to improve the FP performances, formulating and inserting more stable antioxidant/antimicrobial ingredients, improving mechanical properties and introducing intelligent functions. The state-of-the-art in the field of nanomaterial-based improved FP, the advantages that might derive from their extensive introduction on the market and the main concerns associated to the possible migration and toxicity of nanomaterials, frequently neglected in existing reviews, have been herein discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Genova (GE), Viale Cembrano, 4, I-16148, Italy.
| | - Barbara Marengo
- Department of Experimental Medicine - DIMES, University of Genoa, Genova (GE), Via Alberti L.B. 2, I- 16132, Italy
| | - Guendalina Zuccari
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Genova (GE), Viale Cembrano, 4, I-16148, Italy
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44
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Istiqola A, Syafiuddin A. A review of silver nanoparticles in food packaging technologies: Regulation, methods, properties, migration, and future challenges. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202000179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arsi Istiqola
- Industrial Management of Service, Food and Nutrition IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Bogor Indonesia
| | - Achmad Syafiuddin
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya Surabaya Indonesia
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Kabir II, Sorrell CC, Mofarah SS, Yang W, Yuen ACY, Nazir MT, Yeoh GH. Alginate/Polymer-Based Materials for Fire Retardancy: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Applications. POLYM REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2020.1801726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imrana I. Kabir
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Charles C. Sorrell
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sajjad S. Mofarah
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony Chun Yin Yuen
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Muhammad Tariq Nazir
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Guan Heng Yeoh
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
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Arora N, Thangavelu K, Karanikolos GN. Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Applications. Front Chem 2020; 8:412. [PMID: 32671014 PMCID: PMC7326054 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly effective antimicrobial agents are needed to control the emergence of new bacterial strains, their increased proliferation capability, and antibacterial resistance that severely impact public health, and several industries including water, food, textiles, and oil and gas. Recently, bimetallic nanoparticles, formed via integration of two different metals, have appeared particularly promising with antibacterial efficiencies surpassing that of monometallic counterparts due to synergistic effects, broad range of physiochemical properties, and diverse mechanisms of action. This work aims to provide a review on developed bimetallic and supported bimetallic systems emphasizing in particular on the relation between synthesis routes, properties, and resulting efficiency. Bimetallic nanostructures on graphene, zeolites, clays, fibers, polymers, as well as non-supported bimetallic nanoparticles are reviewed, their synthesis methods and resulting properties are illustrated, along with their antimicrobial activity and potential against different strains of microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naman Arora
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kavitha Thangavelu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Georgios N. Karanikolos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Andrejević TP, Milivojevic D, Glišić BĐ, Kljun J, Stevanović NL, Vojnovic S, Medic S, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Turel I, Djuran MI. Silver(i) complexes with different pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate ligands as efficient agents for the control of cow mastitis associated pathogens. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6084-6096. [PMID: 32319493 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00518e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Infections of the cow udder leading to mastitis and lower milk quality are one of the biggest problems in the dairy industry worldwide. Unfortunately, therapeutic options for the treatment of cow mastitis are limited as a consequence of the development of pathogens that are resistant to conventionally used antibiotics. In the search for agents that will be active against cow mastitis associated pathogens, in the present study, five new silver(i) complexes with different chelating pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate types of ligands, [Ag(NO3)(py-2py)]n (1), [Ag(NO3)(py-2metz)]n (2), [Ag(CH3CN)(py-2py)]BF4 (3), [Ag(py-2tz)2]BF4 (4) and [Ag(py-2metz)2]BF4 (5), py-2py is dimethyl 2,2'-bipyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate, py-2metz is dimethyl 2-(4-methylthiazol-2-yl)pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate and py-2tz is dimethyl 2-(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate, were synthesized, structurally characterized and assessed for in vitro antimicrobial activity using both standard bioassay and clinical isolates from a contaminated milk sample obtained from a cow with mastitis. These complexes showed remarkable activity against the standard panel of microorganisms and a selection of clinical isolates from the milk of the cow diagnosed with mastitis. With the aim of determining the therapeutic potential of silver(i) complexes, their toxicity in vivo against the model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), was investigated. The complexes that had the best therapeutic profile, 2 and 5, induced bacterial membrane depolarization and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Candida albicans cells and inhibited the hyphae as well as the biofilm formation. Taken together, the presented data suggest that the silver(i) complexes with pyridine ligands could be considered for the treatment of microbial pathogens, which are causative agents of cow mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina P Andrejević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Ijaz M, Zafar M, Afsheen S, Iqbal T. A Review on Ag-Nanostructures for Enhancement in Shelf Time of Fruits. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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C. K, S. S, G. SM, S. K. A FTIR approach of green synthesized silver nanoparticles by Ocimum sanctum and Ocimum gratissimum on mung bean seeds. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1723025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik C.
- St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh S.
- St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kavitha S.
- St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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