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Asif MMA, Lisa SR, Qais N. Introduction of chirality at C1 position of 1-substituted-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline by its enantioselective reduction: synthesis of chiral 1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline - a review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:11010-11036. [PMID: 37033430 PMCID: PMC10077949 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01413d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a wide range of biological activities associated with C1 chiral carbon containing 1-substituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (1-substituted-THIQs) which constitute the isoquinoline alkaloids, a large group of natural products. This work summarizes several novel catalytic stereoselective approaches to enantioselectively reduce the 1-substituted-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines (1-substituted-DHIQs) to produce the desired 1-substituted-THIQs. The 1-substituted-DHIQs were prepared by using the Bischler-Napieralski reaction. The enantioselective reduction of 1-substituted-DHIQs was accomplished by using chiral hydride reducing agents, by hydrogenation with a chiral catalyst, by enantioselective reduction of DHIQs possessing a chiral auxiliary at the imine nitrogen by achiral metallic hydride reducing agents, or by enzymatic catalysis. Among these methods, much more work was carried out on the hydrogenation of 1-substituted-DHIQs in the presence of a chiral catalyst. This review summarizes articles and advancements on this topic from 1972 to 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Moaz Ahmed Asif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Susmita Roy Lisa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Nazmul Qais
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
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2
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Cheng YY, Li WS, Wu HL. Application of Rh(I)/Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptadiene Catalysts to the Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Amines. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3954-3963. [PMID: 34596958 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of efficient synthetic methods for accessing enantioenriched α-chiral amines is of great importance in the disciplines of medicinal and synthetic organic chemistry. Enantioselective Rh-catalyzed 1,2-addition reactions to activated imine derivatives are regarded as useful protocols for forming α-chiral amines. This personal account outlines our efforts to develop chiral bicyclo[2.2.1]heptadiene ligands for Rh-catalyzed asymmetric additions of various organoboron reagents to a wide range of imine derivatives. Transformations of the thus-obtained adducts into known natural products or molecules of pharmaceutical importance serve to confirm their synthetic usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yi Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No.88, Sec. 4, Tingzhou Rd., Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sian Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No.88, Sec. 4, Tingzhou Rd., Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Hsyueh-Liang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No.88, Sec. 4, Tingzhou Rd., Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
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3
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Bergkemper M, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Synthesis of σ Receptor Ligands with a Spirocyclic System Connected with a Tetrahydroisoquinoline Moiety via Different Linkers. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1184-1197. [PMID: 33332704 PMCID: PMC8048568 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the aim to develop new σ2 receptor ligands, spirocyclic piperidines or cyclohexanamines with 2-benzopyran and 2-benzofuran scaffolds were connected to the 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline moiety by variable linkers. In addition to flexible alkyl chains, linkers containing an amide as functional group were synthesized. The 2-benzopyran and 2-benzofuran scaffold of the spirocyclic compounds were synthesized from 2-bromobenzaldehyde. The amide linkers were constructed by acylation of amines with chloroacetyl chloride and subsequent nucleophilic substitution, the alkyl linkers were obtained by LiAlH4 reduction of the corresponding amides. For the development of σ2 receptor ligands, the spirocyclic 2-benzopyran scaffold is more favorable than the ring-contracted 2-benzofuran system. Compounds bearing an alkyl chain as linker generally show higher σ affinity than acyl linkers containing an amide as functional group. A higher σ1 affinity for the cis-configured cyclohexanamines than for the trans-configured derivatives was found. The highest σ2 affinity was observed for cis-configured spiro[[2]benzopyran-1,1'-cyclohexan]-4'-amine connected to the tetrahydroisoquinoline system by an ethylene spacer (cis-31, Ki (σ2 )=200 nM; the highest σ1 affinity was recorded for the corresponding 2-benzofuran derivative with a CH2 C=O linker (cis-29, Ki (σ1 )=129 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Bergkemper
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstr. 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstr. 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstr. 4848149MünsterGermany
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4
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Li WS, Kuo TS, Wu PY, Chen CT, Wu HL. Enantioselective Synthesis of 1-Aryl Tetrahydroisoquinolines by the Rhodium-Catalyzed Reaction of 3,4-Dihydroisoquinolinium Tetraarylborates. Org Lett 2021; 23:1141-1146. [PMID: 33492973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The 1-aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines (1-aryl THIQs) are omnipresent in biologically active molecules. Here we report on the direct asymmetric synthesis of these valuable compounds via the reaction of 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium tetraarylborates. The dual roles of anionic tetraarylborates, which function as both prenucleophiles and stabilizers of 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium cations, enable this rhodium(I)-catalyzed protocol to convergently provide enantioenriched 1-aryl THIQs in good yields (≤95%) with ≤97% ee, as demonstrated by the formal synthesis of (-)-solifenacin and the facile synthesis of (-)-Cryptostyline I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Sian Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Tingzhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shen Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Tingzhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Yu Wu
- Oleader Technologies, Company, Ltd., 1F, No. 8, Aly. 29, Ln. 335, Chenggong Road, Hukou Township, Hsinchu 30345, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Tien Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsyueh-Liang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Tingzhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
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5
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Tojiboev A, Zhurakulov S, Vinogradova V, Englert U, Wang R. Stereochemistry of the methyl-idene-bridged quinazoline-iso-quinoline alkaloid 3-{[6,7-dimeth-oxy-1-(4-nitro-phen-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-isoquinolin-2-yl]methyl-idene}-1,2,3,9-tetra-hydro-pyrrolo-[2,1- b]quinazolin-9-one methanol monosolvate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2020; 76:914-919. [PMID: 32523763 PMCID: PMC7273985 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989020006696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two potentially bioactive fragments, namely a tricyclic quinazoline derivative with an exocyclic alkene moiety and a substituted iso-quinoline, are coupled to give 3-{[6,7-dimeth-oxy-1-(4-nitro-phen-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-isoquinolin-2-yl]methyl-idene}-1,2,3,9-tetra-hydro-pyrrolo-[2,1-b]quinazolin-9-one. The target product crystallizes as a methanol solvate, C29H26N4O5·CH4O, and is E configured. The alternative Z isomer would necessarily imply either considerable twist about the central double bond or very unfavourable intra-molecular contacts between sterically more demanding substituents. The main residue and the co-crystallized solvent mol-ecule aggregate to discrete pairs via a classical O-H⋯O hydrogen bond with a distance of 2.8581 (7) Å between the methanol OH donor and the quinazolinone O=C acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akmal Tojiboev
- Laboratory of Thermophysics of Multiphase Systems, Institute of Ion-Plasm and Laser Technologies named after U.A. Arifov, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan,100125, Durmon yuli st. 33, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Sherzod Zhurakulov
- S.Yunusov Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Science of, Uzbekistan, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, 100170 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Valentina Vinogradova
- S.Yunusov Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Science of, Uzbekistan, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, 100170 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Ulli Englert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ruimin Wang
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
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6
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Nie H, Zhu Y, Hu X, Wei Z, Yao L, Zhou G, Wang P, Jiang R, Zhang S. Josiphos-Type Binaphane Ligands for Iridium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of 1-Aryl-Substituted Dihydroisoquinolines. Org Lett 2019; 21:8641-8645. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Nie
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Yupu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaomu Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Zhao Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Lin Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Pingan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Ru Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Shengyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
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7
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Abram M, Jakubiec M, Kamiński K. Chirality as an Important Factor for the Development of New Antiepileptic Drugs. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1744-1761. [PMID: 31476107 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, chiral molecules (especially enantiomers) have occupied a significant place in pharmaceutical industry and have played a prominent role in the development of new drugs. Individual stereoisomers exhibit marked differences in pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological properties. Therefore, there is currently considerable interest in fully characterizing and examining both enantiomers in the early stages of new drug development. Despite the fact that epilepsy is a complex disease and that a given drug's mechanism of action may be multidirectional and not always fully understood, significant differences have been observed in the anticonvulsant activity of individual stereoisomers. Therefore, between 1996 and 2018, among 14 new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) approved for the treatment of epilepsy, as many as seven are chiral and introduced to the market in the single-enantiomer (or diastereomer) form. This review provides an overview of the impact of chirality on the development and discovery of new AEDs that have entered into clinical trials or preclinical studies. These new AEDs were developed by applying the single-enantiomer approval strategy. Herein we focus our attention on the main synthetic pathways of stereoisomers, as well as on the influence of chirality on pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and/or toxicological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Abram
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Jakubiec
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kamiński
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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8
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Inami H, Shishikura JI, Yasunaga T, Hirano M, Kimura T, Yamashita H, Ohno K, Sakamoto S. Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 3-[(4-Oxo-4H-pyrido[3,2-e][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)(phenyl)amino]propanenitrile Derivatives as Orally Active AMPA Receptor Antagonists. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:699-706. [PMID: 31257325 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In our search for novel orally active α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonists, we found that conversion of an allyl group in the lead compound 2-[allyl(4-methylphenyl)amino]-4H-pyrido[3,2-e][1,3]thiazin-4-one (4) to a 2-cyanoethyl group significantly increased inhibitory activity against AMPA receptor-mediated kainate-induced toxicity in rat hippocampal cultures. Here, we synthesized 10 analogs bearing a 2-cyanoethyl group and administered them to mice to evaluate their anticonvulsant activity in maximal electroshock (MES)- and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure tests, and their effects on motor coordination in a rotarod test. 3-{(4-Oxo-4H-pyrido[3,2-e][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino}propanenitrile (25) and 3-[(2,2-difluoro-2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)(4-oxo-4H-pyrido[3,2-e][1,3]thiazin-2-yl)amino]propanenitrile (27) exhibited potent anticonvulsant activity in both seizure tests and induced minor motor disturbances as indicated in the rotarod test. The protective index values of 25 and 27 for MES-induced seizures (10.7 and 12.0, respectively) and PTZ-induced seizures (6.0 and 5.6, respectively) were considerably higher compared with those of YM928 (5) and talampanel (1).
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9
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Sóvári D, Kormos A, Demeter O, Dancsó A, Keserű GM, Milen M, Ábrányi-Balogh P. Synthesis and fluorescent properties of boroisoquinolines, a new family of fluorophores. RSC Adv 2018; 8:38598-38605. [PMID: 35559080 PMCID: PMC9090577 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08241c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
First representatives of a new family of isoquinolines, so called boroisoquinolines, were synthesized and characterized. The synthesis was based on the insertion of the difluoroboranyl group into the 1-methylidene-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline core. The optimization of the 2-difluoroboranyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-1(2H)-ylidene core led to efficient fluorescence in a range of 400-600 nm with outstanding (>100 nm) Stokes shifts. The compounds might be suitable for reversible or irreversible labelling of proteins, particularly the cannabinoid receptor CB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dénes Sóvári
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry Research Group 1519 Budapest POB 286 Hungary +36 1 3826961
| | - Attila Kormos
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chemical Biology Research Group 1519 Budapest POB 286 Hungary
| | - Orsolya Demeter
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chemical Biology Research Group 1519 Budapest POB 286 Hungary
| | - András Dancsó
- Egis Pharmaceuticals Plc., Directorate of Drug Substance Development 1475 Budapest POB 100 Hungary
| | - György Miklós Keserű
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry Research Group 1519 Budapest POB 286 Hungary +36 1 3826961
| | - Mátyás Milen
- Egis Pharmaceuticals Plc., Directorate of Drug Substance Development 1475 Budapest POB 100 Hungary
| | - Péter Ábrányi-Balogh
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry Research Group 1519 Budapest POB 286 Hungary +36 1 3826961
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10
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Ji Y, Wang J, Chen M, Shi L, Zhou Y. Dual Stereocontrol for Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Dihydroisoquinolines Induced by Tuning the Amount of N
-Bromosuccinimide. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201700634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ji
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science; Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road; Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science; Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road; Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Muwang Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science; Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road; Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science; Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road; Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian Liaoning 116024 China
| | - Yonggui Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science; Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road; Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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Zhu J, Tan H, Yang L, Dai Z, Zhu L, Ma H, Deng Z, Tian Z, Qu X. Enantioselective Synthesis of 1-Aryl-Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinolines Employing Imine Reductase. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hongqun Tan
- Key
Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zheng Dai
- Key
Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hongmin Ma
- Key
Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key
Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhenhua Tian
- Shanghai R&D Center, Abiochem Co., Ltd., 1299 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xudong Qu
- Key
Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Jiangsu National
Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Zhou H, Liu Y, Yang S, Zhou L, Chang M. One-Pot N-Deprotection and Catalytic Intramolecular Asymmetric Reductive Amination for the Synthesis of Tetrahydroisoquinolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest A&F University; 22 Xinong Road, Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest A&F University; 22 Xinong Road, Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
| | - Suhua Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest A&F University; 22 Xinong Road, Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
| | - Le Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest A&F University; 22 Xinong Road, Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
| | - Mingxin Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest A&F University; 22 Xinong Road, Yangling Shaanxi 712100 PR China
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13
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Zhou H, Liu Y, Yang S, Zhou L, Chang M. One-Pot N-Deprotection and Catalytic Intramolecular Asymmetric Reductive Amination for the Synthesis of Tetrahydroisoquinolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2725-2729. [PMID: 28140506 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot N-Boc deprotection and catalytic intramolecular reductive amination protocol for the preparation of enantiomerically pure tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids is described. The iodine-bridged dimeric iridium complexes displayed superb stereoselectivity to give tetrahydroisoquinolines, including several key pharmaceutical drug intermediates, in excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Three additives played important roles in this reaction: Titanium(IV) isopropoxide and molecular iodine accelerated the transformation of the intermediate imine to the tetrahydroisoquinoline product; p-toluenesulfonic acid contributed to the stereocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Suhua Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Le Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Mingxin Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
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14
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Ayad T, Phansavath P, Ratovelomanana-Vidal V. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Transfer Hydrogenation: Sustainable Chemistry to Access Bioactive Molecules. CHEM REC 2016; 16:2750-2767. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tahar Ayad
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris; PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech-CNRS; 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Phannarath Phansavath
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris; PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech-CNRS; 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Virginie Ratovelomanana-Vidal
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris; PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech-CNRS; 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
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15
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Turgunov KK, Zhurakulov SN, Englert U, Vinogradova VI, Tashkhodjaev B. Synthesis of 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline and pseudosymmetry in its crystal structure. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2016; 72:607-11. [PMID: 27487334 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229616010792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Natural and synthetic isoquinoline alkaloids display a wide variety of potent biological activities. The title 1-aryl-2-hydroxyethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, C19H23NO4, crystallizes with two molecules in the asymmetric unit related by pseudo-translation but differing only slightly in conformation. The pseudosymmetry is also reflected in the diffraction pattern. The subset of reflections corresponding to the smaller cell and average structure are on average twice as intense as those subtending the larger cell. Tentative refinement in the subcell leads to a disordered structural model with satisfactory agreement factors and, after appropriate use of restraints, acceptable molecular geometry but significantly larger and more anisotropic displacement parameters. In the correct unit cell, the independent molecules differ with respect to the orientation of the hydroxyethyl group. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding occurs between the hydroxyphenyl group and the N atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kambarali K Turgunov
- S. Yunusov Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Science of Uzbekistan, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
| | - Sherzod N Zhurakulov
- S. Yunusov Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Science of Uzbekistan, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
| | - Ulli Englert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Valentina I Vinogradova
- S. Yunusov Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Science of Uzbekistan, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
| | - Bakhodir Tashkhodjaev
- S. Yunusov Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Science of Uzbekistan, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
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De Petrocellis L, Arroyo FJ, Orlando P, Schiano Moriello A, Vitale RM, Amodeo P, Sánchez A, Roncero C, Bianchini G, Martín MA, López-Alvarado P, Menéndez JC. Tetrahydroisoquinoline-Derived Urea and 2,5-Diketopiperazine Derivatives as Selective Antagonists of the Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) Channel Receptor and Antiprostate Cancer Agents. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5661-83. [PMID: 27232526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives containing embedded urea functions were identified as selective TRPM8 channel receptor antagonists. Structure-activity relationships were investigated, with the following conclusions: (a) The urea function and the tetrahydroisoquinoline system are necessary for activity. (b) Bis(1-aryl-6,7dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolyl)ureas are more active than compounds containing one tetrahydroisoquinoline ring and than an open phenetylamine ureide. (c) Trans compounds are more active than their cis isomers. (d) Aryl substituents are better than alkyls at the isoquinoline C-1 position. (e) Electron-withdrawing substituents lead to higher activities. The most potent compound is the 4-F derivative, with IC50 in the 10(-8) M range and selectivities around 1000:1 for most other TRP receptors. Selected compounds were found to be active in reducing the growth of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. TRPM8 inhibition reduces proliferation in the tumor cells tested but not in nontumor prostate cells, suggesting that the activity against prostate cancer is linked to TRPM8 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francisco J Arroyo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pierangelo Orlando
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council , Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Vitale
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Amodeo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Aránzazu Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cesáreo Roncero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Bianchini
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Antonia Martín
- S.D. Química Analítica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar López-Alvarado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Carlos Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Perez M, Wu Z, Scalone M, Ayad T, Ratovelomanana-Vidal V. Enantioselective Synthesis of 1-Aryl-Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinolines Through Ru-Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Ji Y, Shi L, Chen MW, Feng GS, Zhou YG. Concise Redox Deracemization of Secondary and Tertiary Amines with a Tetrahydroisoquinoline Core via a Nonenzymatic Process. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10496-9. [PMID: 26274896 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A concise deracemization of racemic secondary and tertiary amines with a tetrahydroisoquinoline core has been successfully realized by orchestrating a redox process consisted of N-bromosuccinimide oxidation and iridum-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation. This compatible redox combination enables one-pot, single-operation deracemization to generate chiral 1-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines with up to 98% ee in 93% yield, offering a simple and scalable synthetic technique for chiral amines directly from racemic starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Mu-Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Shou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, P. R. China
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Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of some N3-aryl/heteroaryl-substituted 2-(2-chlorostyryl)-6,7-dimethoxy-quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as potential anticonvulsant agents. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-0990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Citraro R, Aiello R, Franco V, De Sarro G, Russo E. Targeting α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptors in epilepsy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:319-34. [PMID: 24387310 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.874416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite epilepsies being between the oldest and most studied neurological diseases, new treatment remains an unmet need of scientific research due to the high percentage of refractory patients. Several studies have identified new suitable anti-seizure targets. Glutamate activation of α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptors (AMPARs) have long ago been identified as suitable targets for the development of anti seizure drugs. AREAS COVERED Here, we describe: i) AMPARs' structure and their involvement and role during seizures and in epilepsy and ii) the efficacy of AMPAR antagonists in preclinical models of seizures and epilepsy. EXPERT OPINION The physiological and pathological role of AMPAR in the CNS and the development of AMPAR antagonists have recently gained attention considering their recent involvement in status epilepticus and the marketing of perampanel. The need for new anti-seizure drugs represents a major challenge in both preclinical and clinical epilepsy. The introduction into the market of perampanel for the treatment of epilepsy will shed new light on the real potential of AMPAR antagonism in clinical settings outside the limited world of clinical trials. While research will go on in this area, fundamental will be the post-marketing evaluation of perampanel efficacy and tolerability and a better definition of the role of this receptor in the epileptic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Citraro
- University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, School of Medicine, Science of Health Department , Catanzaro , Italy
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21
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Ross TL, Sihver W, Ermert J, Coenen HH. Synthesis and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of a new putative radioiodinated AMPA receptor ligand for molecular imaging. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2013. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2013.2050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Summary
A new (radio)iodinated AMPA receptor ligand has been developed and pharmacologically evaluated in vitro and ex vivo using rodents. The new radioligand was directly labeled by electrophilic radioiodo-destannylation with iodine- 131 in high radiochemical yields of 97% within 2 min. The new radioligand showed an excellent initial brain uptake of 2.1%ID/g at 10 min post injection, but a fast wash-out reduced the uptake by about 10-fold at 60 min post injection. Due to high nonspecific binding accompanied with a uniform distribution in brain tissue, however, the new radiotracer appears not suitable for AMPA receptor imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. L. Ross
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-5: Nuclear Chemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - W. Sihver
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-5: Nuclear Chemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J. Ermert
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-5: Nuclear Chemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - H. H. Coenen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-5: Nuclear Chemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, an endogenous amine with unexpected mechanism of action: new vistas of therapeutic application. Neurotox Res 2013; 25:1-12. [PMID: 23719903 PMCID: PMC3889699 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-013-9402-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review outlines the effects of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (TIQ) and its derivative, 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1MeTIQ), endogenous substances imbued with high pharmacological potential and broad spectrum of action in brain. 1MeTIQ has gained special interest as a neuroprotectant, and its ability to antagonize the behavioral syndrome produced by well-known neurotoxins (e.g., MPTP; rotenone). This review is thus focused on mechanisms of action of 1MeTIQ in behavioral, neurochemical, and molecular studies in rodents; also, effects of TIQ and 1MeTIQ on dopamine metabolism; and neuroprotective properties of TIQ and 1MeTIQ in vitro and in vivo. Finally, antiaddictive properties of 1MeTIQ will be described in cocaine self-administered rats. Findings implicate TIQ and especially its methyl derivative 1MeTIQ in unique and complex mechanisms of neuroprotection in various neurodegenerative illnesses of the central nervous system. We believe that MAO inhibition, free radicals scavenging properties, and antagonism to the glutamatergic system may play an essential role in neuroprotection. In addition, the results strongly support the view that 1MeTIQ has a considerable potential as a drug for combating substance abuse, through the attenuation of craving.
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Zhurakulov SN, Vinogradova VI, Levkovich MG. Synthesis of 1-aryltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids and their analogs. Chem Nat Compd 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-013-0507-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Wu Z, Perez M, Scalone M, Ayad T, Ratovelomanana-Vidal V. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of 1-Aryl-Substituted Dihydroisoquinolines: Access to Valuable Chiral 1-Aryl-Tetrahydroisoquinoline Scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Wu Z, Perez M, Scalone M, Ayad T, Ratovelomanana-Vidal V. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of 1-Aryl-Substituted Dihydroisoquinolines: Access to Valuable Chiral 1-Aryl-Tetrahydroisoquinoline Scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:4925-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Subba Reddy B, Umadevi N, Narasimhulu G, Yadav J. Oxidative C–H functionalization: a novel strategy for the acetoxylation/alkoxylation of arenes tethered to 3,4-dihydroisoquinolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.08.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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27
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Russo E, Gitto R, Citraro R, Chimirri A, De Sarro G. New AMPA antagonists in epilepsy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2012; 21:1371-89. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2012.705277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Russo
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, School of Medicine, Science of Health Department,
Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gitto
- University of Messina, Farmaco-Chimico Department,
Messina, Italy
| | - Rita Citraro
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, School of Medicine, Science of Health Department,
Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alba Chimirri
- University of Messina, Farmaco-Chimico Department,
Messina, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, School of Medicine, Science of Health Department,
Catanzaro, Italy
- University of Catanzaro, School of Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,
Via T. Campanella, 115, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy ;
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28
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Berhal F, Wu Z, Zhang Z, Ayad T, Ratovelomanana-Vidal V. Enantioselective Synthesis of 1-Aryl-tetrahydroisoquinolines through Iridium Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation. Org Lett 2012; 14:3308-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ol301281s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farouk Berhal
- Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel (LCF), 75005 Paris, France, CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China, and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zi Wu
- Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel (LCF), 75005 Paris, France, CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China, and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhaoguo Zhang
- Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel (LCF), 75005 Paris, France, CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China, and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tahar Ayad
- Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel (LCF), 75005 Paris, France, CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China, and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Virginie Ratovelomanana-Vidal
- Chimie ParisTech, Laboratoire Charles Friedel (LCF), 75005 Paris, France, CNRS, UMR 7223, 75005 Paris, France, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China, and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Simple and efficient preparation of 3-substituted 6-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-methyl-12H-[1]benzofuro[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2]diazepines via a silylation–amination reaction. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-011-0500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Ivanov I, Nikolova S, Aladjov D, Stefanova I, Zagorchev P. Synthesis and contractile activity of substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines. Molecules 2011; 16:7019-42. [PMID: 21847072 PMCID: PMC6264338 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16087019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of different 1-monosubstituted and 1,1-disubstituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolines was synthesized in high yields from different ketoamides. We have developed a convenient method for the synthesis of disubstituted derivatives by interaction of ketoamides with organomagnesium compounds, followed by cyclization in the presence of catalytic amounts of p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA). A number of substituents at the C-1 in the isoquinoline skeleton were introduced varying either carboxylic acid or organomagnesium compound. Some of the obtained 1,1-dialkyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolines possess contractile activity against guinea pig's gastric smooth muscle preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliyan Ivanov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Plovdiv, 24 Tzar Assen Street, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stoyanka Nikolova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Plovdiv, 24 Tzar Assen Street, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Dimo Aladjov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Plovdiv, 24 Tzar Assen Street, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Iliyana Stefanova
- Department of Biophysics, Medical University, 15A Vasil Aprilov Street, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Plamen Zagorchev
- Department of Biophysics, Medical University, 15A Vasil Aprilov Street, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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31
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Synthesis of functionalized tetrahydroisoquinolines via palladium-catalyzed 6-exo-dig carbocyclization of 2-bromo-N-propargylbenzylamines. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.01.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Traynelis SF, Wollmuth LP, McBain CJ, Menniti FS, Vance KM, Ogden KK, Hansen KB, Yuan H, Myers SJ, Dingledine R. Glutamate receptor ion channels: structure, regulation, and function. Pharmacol Rev 2010; 62:405-96. [PMID: 20716669 PMCID: PMC2964903 DOI: 10.1124/pr.109.002451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2579] [Impact Index Per Article: 184.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian ionotropic glutamate receptor family encodes 18 gene products that coassemble to form ligand-gated ion channels containing an agonist recognition site, a transmembrane ion permeation pathway, and gating elements that couple agonist-induced conformational changes to the opening or closing of the permeation pore. Glutamate receptors mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system and are localized on neuronal and non-neuronal cells. These receptors regulate a broad spectrum of processes in the brain, spinal cord, retina, and peripheral nervous system. Glutamate receptors are postulated to play important roles in numerous neurological diseases and have attracted intense scrutiny. The description of glutamate receptor structure, including its transmembrane elements, reveals a complex assembly of multiple semiautonomous extracellular domains linked to a pore-forming element with striking resemblance to an inverted potassium channel. In this review we discuss International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology glutamate receptor nomenclature, structure, assembly, accessory subunits, interacting proteins, gene expression and translation, post-translational modifications, agonist and antagonist pharmacology, allosteric modulation, mechanisms of gating and permeation, roles in normal physiological function, as well as the potential therapeutic use of pharmacological agents acting at glutamate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen F Traynelis
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Rollins Research Center, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322-3090, USA.
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Wang S, Onaran MB, Seto CT. Enantioselective Synthesis of 1-Aryltetrahydroisoquinolines. Org Lett 2010; 12:2690-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1004356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sa Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
| | - M. Burak Onaran
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
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Ma T, Chen W, Zhang G, Yu Y. Synthesis and Antitumor Evaluation of a Novel Class of 4-Substituted-1,4-Dihydroisoquinolin-3-ones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 12:488-90. [DOI: 10.1021/cc100021t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ma
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Wenteng Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yongping Yu
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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35
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Fleming JJ, England PM. Developing a complete pharmacology for AMPA receptors: a perspective on subtype-selective ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:1381-7. [PMID: 20096591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Revised: 12/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/31/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AMPA receptors are a family of ligand-gated ion channels that play central roles in rapid neural signaling and in regulation of synaptic strength. Additionally, these receptors are implicated in a number of major psychiatric and neurological diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the roles that AMPA receptors play in the mammalian nervous system has been hampered by the dearth of ligands available to select between individual AMPA receptors subtypes. Here we provide a perspective on opportunities for developing a complete pharmacology for AMPA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Fleming
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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36
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Gitto R, De Luca L, Ferro S, Agnello S, Russo E, De Sarro G, Chimirri A. Synthesis and Structure-Active Relationship of 1-Aryl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline Anticonvulsants. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:1602-5. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Emilio Russo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Græcia
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37
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Heterocyclization of 2-acyl-3-indolylacetic acids using hydrazine. Synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-5-R1-1H-[1,2]diazepino[4,5-b]indoles. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-009-0322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Chimirri A, De Luca L, Ferro S, De Sarro G, Ciranna L, Gitto R. Combined Strategies for the Discovery of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Antagonists. ChemMedChem 2009; 4:917-22. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Gitto R, Ferro S, Agnello S, De Luca L, De Sarro G, Russo E, Vullo D, Supuran CT, Chimirri A. Synthesis and evaluation of pharmacological profile of 1-aryl-6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-sulfonamides. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:3659-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Stancanelli R, Crupi V, De Luca L, Ficarra P, Ficarra R, Gitto R, Guardo M, Iraci N, Majolino D, Tommasini S, Venuti V. Improvement of water solubility of non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonists by complexation with beta-cyclodextrin. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:8706-12. [PMID: 18762428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Revised: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 07/29/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The (R,S)-2-acetyl-1-(4'-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline ((R,S)-1) was previously identified as a potent non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonist able to prevent epileptic seizures and reduce AMPA-induced current in electrophysiological experiments. Through the enantiomeric resolution of racemate by chiral HPLC we already demonstrated that the (R)-1 enantiomer was the eutomer. Considering the poor water solubility, these compounds have been complexed with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CyD). The effect of beta-cyclodextrin on the spectral features of molecules was quantitatively investigated, in fully aqueous medium by phase-solubility study and the obtained diagrams suggested that it forms complexes with a molar ratio 1:1. The binding constant (K((R)-1)=15889M(-1), K((R,S)(-1))=1079 M(-1)) and the complexation efficiency (CE) were calculated. Then the solid complexes in 1:1 molar ratio were prepared by the co-precipitation method and the FTIR-ATR measurements were carried out in order to confirm the host-guest interactions that drive the complexation process, by monitoring the significant differences of the spectra of the complexes with respect to those of the corresponding physical mixtures in the same molar ratio. The experimental data have been compared with molecular modelling studies and we confirmed our hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Stancanelli
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy.
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41
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Russo E, Citraro R, De Fazio S, Marra R, Gitto R, Chimirri A, De Sarro G, Di Paola ED. Enhancement of anti-absence effects of ethosuximide by low doses of a noncompetitive alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist in a genetic animal model of absence epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2008; 13:295-9. [PMID: 18514580 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2008.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Revised: 04/21/2008] [Accepted: 04/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
N-Acetyl-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ-10c) is a noncompetitive alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist that has been demonstrated to antagonize generalized tonic-clonic seizures in different animal models of epilepsy. In the study described here, we tested the potential effect of such a compound alone or co-administered with ethosuximide in a genetic animal model of absence epilepsy, the WAG/Rij rat. The intraperitoneal or intracerebroventricular microinjection of THIQ-10c alone was unable to significantly modify the number and duration of spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs). In contrast, intracerebroventricular administration of AMPA induced a dose-dependent increase in the number of SWDs. THIQ-10c dose-dependently antagonized this effect. Furthermore, co-administration of THIQ-1c with ethosuximide (50mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was able to significantly increase the efficacy of the anti-absence drug. In conclusion, although noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonists alone might not be useful in the treatment of absence epilepsy because of their low therapeutic index, combining them with ethosuximide might be helpful in controlling absence seizures in patients not tolerating this drug or in refractory patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Russo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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42
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Synthesis and anticonvulsant evaluation of N-substituted isoquinoline AMPA receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:2379-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2007] [Revised: 11/21/2007] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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43
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Kadieva MG, Oganesyan ÉT, Zefirova OH. Antagonists of AMPA/KA and NMDA (glycine site) glutamate receptors. Pharm Chem J 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-008-0063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Gitto R, Francica E, De Sarro G, Scicchitano F, Chimirri A. Solution-Phase Parallel Synthesis of Novel 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-ones as Anticonvulsant Agents. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:181-4. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Gitto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Università di Messina
| | - Eleonora Francica
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Università di Messina
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Catanzaro
| | - Francesca Scicchitano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Catanzaro
| | - Alba Chimirri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Università di Messina
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45
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Gitto R, Ficarra R, Stancanelli R, Guardo M, De Luca L, Barreca ML, Pagano B, Rotondo A, Bruno G, Russo E, De Sarro G, Chimirri A. Synthesis, resolution, stereochemistry, and molecular modeling of (R)- and (S)-2-acetyl-1-(4′-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline AMPAR antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:5417-23. [PMID: 17566746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2007] [Revised: 05/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently we identified (R,S)-2-acetyl-1-(4'-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (6) as a potent non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonist able to prevent epileptic seizures. We report here the optimized synthesis of compound 6, its resolution by chiral preparative HPLC, and the absolute configuration of (R)-enantiomer established by X-ray diffractometry. The biological tests of the single enantiomers revealed that higher anticonvulsant and antagonistic effects reside in (R)-enantiomer as also suggested by molecular modeling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Gitto
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, I-98168 Messina, Italy
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46
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Rizzo M, Ventrice D, Casale F, De Sarro G, Gitto R, Chimirri A. Determination of a potent non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonist in rat brain. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 850:161-7. [PMID: 17150419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2006] [Revised: 11/11/2006] [Accepted: 11/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
N-acetyl-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative (PS3Ac) has been determined in brain tissues by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a diode array detection. In a previous paper we presented a validation method for detecting PS3Ac and its metabolites in plasma samples after intraperitoneal administration to Wistar rats. In the present paper, we report the results of the determination of PS3Ac and its N-deacetyl (PS3) and O-demethyl (PS3OH) metabolites, in the brain after extraction based on a polymeric matrix with a high hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, using Oasis cartridges. The chromatographic separation was performed in an octadecylsilica stationary phase at 25 degrees C using a mixture of 10 mM potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (pH 2.24) and acetonitrile in ratio of 30:70 (v/v) as mobile phase, with a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. The method exhibited a large linear range from 0.05 to 2 microg/ml for all studied compounds (n=6). In the within-day assay (n=4), the accuracy ranged from 87.5% determined with 0.05 microg/ml of PS3 to 110.1% determined with 0.2 microg/ml of PS3OH. In the between-day assay the coefficient of variation ranged from 2.4 determined with 0.05 microg/ml of PS3 to 9.7 determined with 0.2 microg/ml of PS3OH. The extraction efficiency ranged from 77.8% for PS3OH at 0.2 microg/ml to 94.3 for PS3Ac at 0.5 microg/ml. The limit of detection for all the tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives ranged around 50 ng/ml. The method proved to be highly sensitive and specific to determinate PS3Ac and its metabolites and has been successfully applied to value their concentrations in brain matrix over the time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rizzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacobiologiche, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Località Germaneto, 89100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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47
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De Luca L, Gitto R, Barreca ML, Caruso R, Quartarone S, Citraro R, De Sarro G, Chimirri A. 3D pharmacophore models for 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives acting as anticonvulsant agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2006; 339:388-400. [PMID: 16783840 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200600022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A 3D pharmacophore model predicting anticonvulsant activity was obtained for a series of 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives recently disclosed as a new class of noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonists. The training set included 17 compounds with varying potency against audiogenic seizures in DBA/2 mice. The best statistical hypothesis, generated with the HypoGen module of Catalyst 4.9, consisted of five features: two hydrogen bond acceptors, two hydrophobic features, and one hydrophobic aromatic region, providing a model with a correlation coefficient of 0.919. The obtained model was an efficient tool in the design of some new anticonvulsant agents containing the tetrahydroisoquinoline scaffold. Moreover, in order to explain the different degree of efficacy of the newly designed N-substituted derivatives, excluded volumes were also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura De Luca
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy.
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48
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Donato P, Stancanelli R, Calabrò ML, Tommasini S, Cutroneo P, Guardo M, Pagano B, Chimirri A, Ficarra P, Ficarra R. Optimization of a LC method for the enantioseparation of a non-competitive glutamate receptor antagonist, by experimental design methodology. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 42:543-8. [PMID: 16860510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2006] [Revised: 05/28/2006] [Accepted: 05/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to obtain the direct optical resolution of a new glutamate receptor antagonist ((p-chloro)1-aryl-6,7,-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, PS3), by liquid chromatography on Chiralcel OD column. A response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the enantiomeric separation of the racemate with the lowest number of experiments; in particular, a face-centred design (FCD) was applied to evaluate the influence of critical parameters on the experimental response. Furthermore, in order to find the best compromise between several responses, a multicriteria decision-making approach, the Derringer's desirability function, was successful to simultaneously optimize the responses resolution and migration times of the two enantiomers. The proposed LC method provided the baseline enantioseparation of the investigated drug. 9.3% (v/v) ethanol added to n-hexane as mobile phase, 1.0 mL min(-1) flow rate, and 18 degrees C column temperature were the optimum experimental conditions allowing to achieve the highest enantioresolution of PS3 in less than 17 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Donato
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina (ME), Italy
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49
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Citraro R, Russo E, Gratteri S, Di Paola ED, Ibbadu GF, Curinga C, Gitto R, Chimirri A, Donato G, De Sarro G. Effects of non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonists injected into some brain areas of WAG/Rij rats, an animal model of generalized absence epilepsy. Neuropharmacology 2006; 51:1058-67. [PMID: 16901515 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2005] [Revised: 05/24/2006] [Accepted: 06/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
CFM-2 [1-(4-aminophenyl)-3,5-dihydro-7,8-dimethoxy-4H-2,3-benzodiazepin-4-one] and THIQ-10c [N-acetyl-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline], are two non-competitive 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl) propionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonists, which demonstrated to antagonize generalized tonic-clonic seizures in different animal models. We have evaluated the effects of such compounds in a genetic animal model of absence epilepsy, the WAG/Rij rat. Animals were focally microinjected into specific brain areas of the cortico-thalamic circuit in order to evaluate the effects of these compounds on the number and duration of epileptic spike-wave discharges (SWDs) and better characterize the role of AMPA neurotransmission in this animal model. The focal microinjection of the two AMPA antagonists into some thalamic nuclei (ventralis posteromedialis (VPM), reticularis (NRT), ventralis posterolateralis (VPL) and the primary somatosensory forelimb region (S1FL)) was, generally, not able to significantly modify the occurrence of SWDs. Whereas, both compounds were able to reduce the number and duration of SWDs dose-dependently when microinjected into the peri-oral region of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1po). These findings suggest that AMPA receptor antagonists might play a role in absence epilepsies and that it might depend on the involvement of specific neuronal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Citraro
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Catanzaro, School of Medicine at Catanzaro, Policlinico Mater Domini, Via Tommaso Campanella, 115, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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50
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Gao M, Kong D, Clearfield A, Zheng QH. Synthesis of carbon-11 and fluorine-18 labeled N-acetyl-1-aryl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives as new potential PET AMPA receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:2229-33. [PMID: 16455250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2005] [Revised: 01/09/2006] [Accepted: 01/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
New carbon-11 and fluorine-18 labeled N-acetyl-1-aryl-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives were designed and synthesized as potential positron emission tomography AMPA (2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid) receptor ligands to image brain diseases. The single crystal structure of the most potent compound N-acetyl-1-(4'-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (5a) is first reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhang Gao
- Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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