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Zhong Z, He X, Ge J, Zhu J, Yao C, Cai H, Ye XY, Xie T, Bai R. Discovery of small-molecule compounds and natural products against Parkinson's disease: Pathological mechanism and structural modification. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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2
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Waku I, Magalhães MS, Alves CO, de Oliveira AR. Haloperidol-induced catalepsy as an animal model for parkinsonism: A systematic review of experimental studies. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3743-3767. [PMID: 33818841 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several useful animal models for parkinsonism have been developed so far. Haloperidol-induced catalepsy is often used as a rodent model for the study of motor impairments observed in Parkinson's disease and related disorders and for the screening of potential antiparkinsonian compounds. The objective of this systematic review is to identify publications that used the haloperidol-induced catalepsy model for parkinsonism and to explore the methodological characteristics and the main questions addressed in these studies. A careful systematic search of the literature was carried out by accessing articles in three different databases: Web of Science, PubMed and SCOPUS. The selection and inclusion of studies were performed based on the abstract and, subsequently, on full-text analysis. Data extraction included the objective of the study, study design and outcome of interest. Two hundred and fifty-five articles were included in the review. Publication years ranged from 1981 to 2020. Most studies used the model to explore the effects of potential treatments for parkinsonism. Although the methodological characteristics used are quite varied, most studies used Wistar rats as experimental subjects. The most frequent dose of haloperidol used was 1.0 mg/kg, and the horizontal bar test was the most used to assess catalepsy. The data presented here provide a framework for an evidence-based approach to the design of preclinical research on parkinsonism using the haloperidol-induced catalepsy model. This model has been used routinely and successfully and is likely to continue to play a critical role in the ongoing search for the next generation of therapeutic interventions for parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Waku
- Department of Psychology, Center of Education and Human Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mylena S Magalhães
- Department of Psychology, Center of Education and Human Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila O Alves
- Department of Psychology, Center of Education and Human Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda R de Oliveira
- Department of Psychology, Center of Education and Human Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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3
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Novel N-thioamide analogues of pyrazolylpyrimidine based piperazine: Design, synthesis, characterization, in-silico molecular docking study and biological evaluation. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Duroux R, Agouridas L, Renault N, El Bakali J, Furman C, Melnyk P, Yous S. Antagonists of the adenosine A 2A receptor based on a 2-arylbenzoxazole scaffold: Investigation of the C5- and C7-positions to enhance affinity. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 144:151-163. [PMID: 29268131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have recently reported a series of 2-furoyl-benzoxazoles as potential A2A adenosine receptor (A2AR) antagonists. Two hits were identified with interesting pharmacokinetic properties but were find to bind the hA2AR receptor in the micromolar-range. Herein, in order to enhance affinity toward the hA2AR, we explored the C5- and C7-position of hits 1 and 2 based on docking studies. These modifications led to compounds with nanomolar-range affinity (e.g. 6a, Ki = 40 nM) and high antagonist activity (e.g. 6a, IC50 = 70.6 nM). Selected compounds also exhibited interesting in vitro DMPK (Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics) properties including high solubility and low cytotoxicity. Therefore, the benzoxazole ring appears as a highly effective scaffold for the design of new A2A antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Duroux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Laurence Agouridas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Renault
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jamal El Bakali
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christophe Furman
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Patricia Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Saïd Yous
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172 - JPArc - Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, F-59000 Lille, France.
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5
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Duroux R, Renault N, Cuelho JE, Agouridas L, Blum D, Lopes LV, Melnyk P, Yous S. Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-aryl benzoxazoles as promising hit for the A 2A receptor. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:850-864. [PMID: 28661196 PMCID: PMC6445171 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1334648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of adenosine A2A receptor antagonists has received much interest in recent years for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Based on docking studies, a new series of 2-arylbenzoxazoles has been identified as potential A2AR antagonists. Structure-affinity relationship was investigated in position 2, 5 and 6 of the benzoxazole heterocycle leading to compounds with a micromolar affinity towards the A2A receptor. Compound F1, with an affinity of 1 μm, presented good absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion properties with an excellent aqueous solubility (184 μm) without being cytotoxic at 100 μm. This compound, along with low-molecular weight compound D1 (Ki = 10 μm), can be easily modulated and thus considered as relevant starting points for further hit-to-lead optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Duroux
- INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 – JPArc – Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Renault
- INSERM, CHU Lille, U995 – LIRIC – Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Laurence Agouridas
- INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 – JPArc – Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Blum
- INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 – JPArc – Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Patricia Melnyk
- INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 – JPArc – Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Saïd Yous
- INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172 – JPArc – Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
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6
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Basu S, Barawkar DA, Thorat S, Shejul YD, Patel M, Naykodi M, Jain V, Salve Y, Prasad V, Chaudhary S, Ghosh I, Bhat G, Quraishi A, Patil H, Ansari S, Menon S, Unadkat V, Thakare R, Seervi MS, Meru AV, De S, Bhamidipati RK, Rouduri SR, Palle VP, Chug A, Mookhtiar KA. Design, Synthesis of Novel, Potent, Selective, Orally Bioavailable Adenosine A 2A Receptor Antagonists and Their Biological Evaluation. J Med Chem 2017; 60:681-694. [PMID: 28055204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Our initial structure-activity relationship studies on 7-methoxy-4-morpholino-benzothiazole derivatives featured by aryloxy-2-methylpropanamide moieties at the 2-position led to identification of compound 25 as a potent and selective A2A adenosine receptor (A2AAdoR) antagonist with reasonable ADME and pharmacokinetic properties. However, poor intrinsic solubility and low to moderate oral bioavailability made this series unsuitable for further development. Further optimization using structure-based drug design approach resulted in discovery of potent and selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonists bearing substituted 1-methylcyclohexyl-carboxamide groups at position 2 of the benzothiazole scaffold and endowed with better solubility and oral bioavailability. Compounds 41 and 49 demonstrated a number of positive attributes with respect to in vitro ADME properties. Both compounds displayed good pharmacokinetic properties with 63% and 61% oral bioavailability, respectively, in rat. Further, compound 49 displayed oral efficacy in 6-OHDA lesioned rat model of Parkinson diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Basu
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Dinesh A Barawkar
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Sachin Thorat
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Yogesh D Shejul
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Meena Patel
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Minakshi Naykodi
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Vaibhav Jain
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Yogesh Salve
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Vandna Prasad
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Sumit Chaudhary
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Indraneel Ghosh
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Ganesh Bhat
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Azfar Quraishi
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Harish Patil
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Shariq Ansari
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Suraj Menon
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Vishal Unadkat
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Rhishikesh Thakare
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Madhav S Seervi
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Ashwinkumar V Meru
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Siddhartha De
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Ravi K Bhamidipati
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Sreekanth R Rouduri
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Venkata P Palle
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Anita Chug
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
| | - Kasim A Mookhtiar
- Drug Discovery Facility, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd. , Quantum Towers, Plot-9, Phase-I, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, India
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7
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Yang Z, Li L, Zheng J, Ma H, Tian S, Li J, Zhang H, Zhen X, Zhang X. Identification of a New Series of Potent Adenosine A 2A Receptor Antagonists Based on 4-Amino-5-carbonitrile Pyrimidine Template for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1575-1584. [PMID: 27569066 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptor A2A antagonists have emerged as potential treatment for Parkinson's disease in the past decade. We have recently reported a series of adenosine receptor antagonists using heterocycles as bioisosteres for a potentially unstable acetamide. These compounds, while showing excellent potency and ligand efficiency, suffered from moderate cytochrome P450 inhibition and high clearance. Here we report a new series of adenosine receptor A2A antagonists based on a 4-amino-5-carbonitrile pyrimidine template. Compounds from this new template exhibit excellent potency and ligand efficiency with low cytochrome P450 inhibition. Although the clearance remains moderate to high, the leading compound, when dosed orally as low as 3 mg/kg, demonstrated excellent efficacy in the haloperidol induced catalepsy rat model for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases
and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Linlang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases
and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Jiyue Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases
and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Haikuo Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases
and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases
and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases
and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases
and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases
and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases
and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
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8
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Niswender CM, Jones CK, Lin X, Bubser M, Gray AT, Blobaum AL, Engers DW, Rodriguez AL, Loch MT, Daniels JS, Lindsley CW, Hopkins CR, Javitch JA, Conn PJ. Development and Antiparkinsonian Activity of VU0418506, a Selective Positive Allosteric Modulator of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 Homomers without Activity at mGlu2/4 Heteromers. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1201-11. [PMID: 27441572 PMCID: PMC5073817 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu4) is emerging as a potential therapeutic target for numerous central nervous system indications, including Parkinson's disease (PD). As the glutamate binding sites among the eight mGlu receptors are highly conserved, modulation of receptor activity via allosteric sites within the receptor transmembrane domains using positive and negative allosteric modulators (PAMs and NAMs, respectively) has become a common strategy. We and others have used PAMs targeting mGlu4 to show that potentiation of receptor signaling induces antiparkinsonian activity in a variety of PD animal models, including haloperidol-induced catalepsy and 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesion. Recently, mGlu4 has been reported to form heteromeric complexes with other mGlu receptor subtypes, such as mGlu2, and the resulting heteromer exhibits a distinct pharmacological profile in response to allosteric modulators. For example, some mGlu4 PAMs do not appear to potentiate glutamate activity when mGlu2 and mGlu4 are coexpressed, whereas other compounds potentiate mGlu4 responses regardless of mGlu2 coexpression. We report here the discovery and characterization of VU0418506, a novel mGlu4 PAM with activity in rodent PD models. Using pharmacological approaches and Complemented Donor-Acceptor resonance energy transfer (CODA-RET) technology, we find that VU0418506 does not potentiate agonist-induced activity when mGlu2 and mGlu4 are heterodimerized, suggesting that the antiparkinsonian action of mGlu4 PAMs can be induced by compounds without activity at mGlu2/4 heteromers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M. Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Carrie K. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Michael Bubser
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Analisa Thompson Gray
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anna L. Blobaum
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Darren W. Engers
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Alice L. Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Matthew T. Loch
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - J. Scott Daniels
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Jonathan A Javitch
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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9
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Khanfar MA, Al-Qtaishat S, Habash M, Taha MO. Discovery of potent adenosine A2a antagonists as potential anti-Parkinson disease agents. Non-linear QSAR analyses integrated with pharmacophore modeling. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 254:93-101. [PMID: 27216633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Preti D, Baraldi PG, Moorman AR, Borea PA, Varani K. History and perspectives of A2A adenosine receptor antagonists as potential therapeutic agents. Med Res Rev 2015; 35:790-848. [PMID: 25821194 DOI: 10.1002/med.21344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence emphasizes that the purine nucleoside adenosine plays an active role as a local regulator in different pathologies. Adenosine is a ubiquitous nucleoside involved in various physiological and pathological functions by stimulating A1 , A2A , A2B , and A3 adenosine receptors (ARs). At the present time, the role of A2A ARs is well known in physiological conditions and in a variety of pathologies, including inflammatory tissue damage and neurodegenerative disorders. In particular, the use of selective A2A antagonists has been reported to be potentially useful in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this review, A2A AR signal transduction pathways, together with an analysis of the structure-activity relationships of A2A antagonists, and their corresponding pharmacological roles and therapeutic potential have been presented. The initial results from an emerging polypharmacological approach are also analyzed. This approach is based on the optimization of the affinity and/or functional activity of the examined compounds toward multiple targets, such as A1 /A2A ARs and monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B), both closely implicated in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Preti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Pier Andrea Borea
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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11
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Zheng J, Yang Z, Li X, Li L, Ma H, Wang M, Zhang H, Zhen X, Zhang X. Optimization of 6-heterocyclic-2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine as potent adenosine A2A receptor antagonists for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:674-82. [PMID: 24922583 DOI: 10.1021/cn5000716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the motor symptoms of bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity. Current therapies are based mainly on dopaminergic replacement strategies by administration of either dopamine agonists or dopamine precursor levodopa (L-Dopa). These treatments provide symptomatic relief without slowing or stopping the disease progression, and long-term usage of these drugs is associated with diminished efficacy, motor fluctuation, and dyskinisia. Unfortunately, there had been few novel treatments developed in the past decades. Among nondopaminergic strategies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, antagonism of the adenosine A2A receptor has emerged to show great potential. Here we report the optimization of a new chemical scaffold, which achieved exceptional receptor binding affinity and ligand efficiency against adenosine A2A receptor. The leading compounds demonstrated excellent efficacy in the haloperidol induced catalepsy model for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyue Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Linlang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Haikuo Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Meiyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of
Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Su Zhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
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12
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Yang Z, Li X, Ma H, Zheng J, Zhen X, Zhang X. Replacement of amide with bioisosteres led to a new series of potent adenosine A2A receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 24:152-5. [PMID: 24332624 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported a series of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrimidines as potent A2A receptor antagonists. The leading compounds often feature a potentially labile acetamide functional group which tends to hydrolyze under acidic conditions. Here we report the replacement of the acetamide functional group with bioisosteres. This effort led us to a new series of adenosine A2A receptor antagonists with improved potency and chemical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Experimental Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Experimental Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Haikuo Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Experimental Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Jiyue Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Experimental Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Experimental Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Experimental Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, P. R. China.
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13
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de Lera Ruiz M, Lim YH, Zheng J. Adenosine A2A Receptor as a Drug Discovery Target. J Med Chem 2013; 57:3623-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4011669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel de Lera Ruiz
- Department
of Chemical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Yeon-Hee Lim
- Department
of Chemical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 E. Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Junying Zheng
- Department
of Chemical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 126 E. Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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14
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Shook BC, Rassnick S, Wallace N, Crooke J, Ault M, Chakravarty D, Barbay JK, Wang A, Powell MT, Leonard K, Alford V, Scannevin RH, Carroll K, Lampron L, Westover L, Lim HK, Russell R, Branum S, Wells KM, Damon S, Youells S, Li X, Beauchamp DA, Rhodes K, Jackson PF. Design and characterization of optimized adenosine A₂A/A₁ receptor antagonists for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. J Med Chem 2012; 55:1402-17. [PMID: 22239465 DOI: 10.1021/jm201640m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The design and characterization of two, dual adenosine A(2A)/A(1) receptor antagonists in several animal models of Parkinson's disease is described. Compound 1 was previously reported as a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease. Further characterization of 1 revealed that it was metabolized to reactive intermediates that caused the genotoxicity of 1 in the Ames and mouse lymphoma L51784 assays. The identification of the metabolites enabled the preparation of two optimized compounds 13 and 14 that were devoid of the metabolic liabilities associated with 1. Compounds 13 and 14 are potent dual A(2A)/A(1) receptor antagonists that have excellent activity, after oral administration, across a number of animal models of Parkinson's disease including mouse and rat models of haloperidol-induced catalepsy, mouse and rat models of reserpine-induced akinesia, and the rat 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion model of drug-induced rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Shook
- Janssen Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States.
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15
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Xiang Z, Thompson AD, Brogan JT, Schulte ML, Melancon BJ, Mi D, Lewis LM, Zou B, Yang L, Morrison R, Santomango T, Byers F, Brewer K, Aldrich JS, Yu H, Dawson ES, Li M, McManus O, Jones CK, Daniels JS, Hopkins CR, Xie XS, Conn PJ, Weaver CD, Lindsley CW. The Discovery and Characterization of ML218: A Novel, Centrally Active T-Type Calcium Channel Inhibitor with Robust Effects in STN Neurons and in a Rodent Model of Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2011; 2:730-742. [PMID: 22368764 DOI: 10.1021/cn200090z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
T-type Ca(2+) channel inhibitors hold tremendous therapeutic potential for the treatment of pain, epilepsy, sleep disorders, essential tremor and other neurological disorders; however, a lack of truly selective tools has hindered basic research, and selective tools from the pharmaceutical industry are potentially burdened with intellectual property (IP) constraints. Thus, an MLPCN high-throughput screen (HTS) was conducted to identify novel T-type Ca(2+) channel inhibitors free from IP constraints, and freely available through the MLPCN, for use by the biomedical community to study T-type Ca(2+) channels. While the HTS provided numerous hits, these compounds could not be optimized to the required level of potency to be appropriate tool compounds. Therefore, a scaffold hopping approach, guided by SurflexSim, ultimately afforded ML218 (CID 45115620) a selective T-Type Ca(2+) (Ca(v)3.1, Ca(v)3.2, Ca(v)3.3) inhibitor (Ca(v)3.2, IC(50) = 150 nM in Ca(2+) flux; Ca(v)3.2 IC(50) = 310 nM and Ca(v)3.3 IC(50) = 270 nM, respectively in patch clamp electrophysiology) with good DMPK properties, acceptable in vivo rat PK and excellent brain levels. Electrophysiology studies in subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons demonstrated robust effects of ML218 on the inhibition of T-Type calcium current, inhibition of low threshold spike and rebound burst activity. Based on the basal ganglia circuitry in Parkinson's disease (PD), the effects of ML218 in STN neurons suggest a therapeutic role for T-type Ca(2+) channel inhibitors, and ML218 was found to be orally efficacious in haloperidol-induced catalepsy, a preclinical PD model, with comparable efficacy to an A(2A) antagonist, a clinically validated PD target. ML218 proves to be a powerful new probe to study T-Type Ca(2+) function in vitro and in vivo, and freely available.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bende Zou
- AfaSci Research Laboratory, AfaSci, Inc., Redwood, California 94063, United States
| | - Liya Yang
- AfaSci Research Laboratory, AfaSci, Inc., Redwood, California 94063, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ximin Simon Xie
- AfaSci Research Laboratory, AfaSci, Inc., Redwood, California 94063, United States
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16
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Jones CK, Bubser M, Thompson AD, Dickerson JW, Turle-Lorenzo N, Amalric M, Blobaum AL, Bridges TM, Morrison RD, Jadhav S, Engers DW, Italiano K, Bode J, Daniels JS, Lindsley CW, Hopkins CR, Conn PJ, Niswender CM. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 4-positive allosteric modulator VU0364770 produces efficacy alone and in combination with L-DOPA or an adenosine 2A antagonist in preclinical rodent models of Parkinson's disease. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 340:404-21. [PMID: 22088953 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.187443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder associated with severe motor impairments caused by the loss of dopaminergic innervation of the striatum. Previous studies have demonstrated that positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu₄), including N-phenyl-7-(hydroxyimino) cyclopropa[b]chromen-1a-carboxamide, can produce antiparkinsonian-like effects in preclinical models of PD. However, these early mGlu₄ PAMsexhibited unsuitable physiochemical properties for systemic dosing, requiring intracerebroventricular administration and limiting their broader utility as in vivo tools to further understand the role of mGlu₄ in the modulation of basal ganglia function relevant to PD. In the present study, we describe the pharmacologic characterization of a systemically active mGlu₄ PAM, N-(3-chlorophenyl)picolinamide (VU0364770), in several rodent PD models. VU0364770 showed efficacy alone or when administered in combination with L-DOPA or an adenosine 2A (A2A) receptor antagonist currently in clinical development (preladenant). When administered alone, VU0364770 exhibited efficacy in reversing haloperidol-induced catalepsy, forelimb asymmetry-induced by unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the median forebrain bundle, and attentional deficits induced by bilateral 6-OHDA nigrostriatal lesions in rats. In addition, VU0364770 enhanced the efficacy of preladenant to reverse haloperidol-induced catalepsy when given in combination. The effects of VU0364770 to reverse forelimb asymmetry were also potentiated when the compound was coadministered with an inactive dose of L-DOPA, suggesting that mGlu₄ PAMs may provide L-DOPA-sparing activity. The present findings provide exciting support for the potential role of selective mGlu₄ PAMs as a novel approach for the symptomatic treatment of PD and a possible augmentation strategy with either L-DOPA or A2A antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
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17
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Shook BC, Jackson PF. Adenosine A(2A) Receptor Antagonists and Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2011; 2:555-67. [PMID: 22860156 DOI: 10.1021/cn2000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This Review summarizes and updates the work on adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists for Parkinson's disease from 2006 to the present. There have been numerous publications, patent applications, and press releases within this time frame that highlight new medicinal chemistry approaches to this attractive and promising target to treat Parkinson's disease. The Review is broken down by scaffold type and will discuss the efforts to optimize particular scaffolds for activity, pharmacokinetics, and other drug discovery parameters. The majority of approaches focus on preparing selective A(2A) antagonists, but a few approaches to dual A(2A)/A(1) antagonists will also be highlighted. The in vivo profiles of compounds will be highlighted and discussed to compare activities across different chemical series. A clinical report and update will be given on compounds that have entered clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C. Shook
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Paul F. Jackson
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
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18
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Jones CK, Engers DW, Thompson AD, Field JR, Blobaum AL, Lindsley SR, Zhou Y, Gogliotti RD, Jadhav S, Zamorano R, Bogenpohl J, Smith Y, Morrison R, Daniels JS, Weaver CD, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM, Hopkins CR. Discovery, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship development of a series of N-4-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)phenylpicolinamides (VU0400195, ML182): characterization of a novel positive allosteric modulator of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu(4)) with oral efficacy in an antiparkinsonian animal model. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7639-47. [PMID: 21966889 DOI: 10.1021/jm200956q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing amount of literature data showing the positive effects on preclinical antiparkinsonian rodent models with selective positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu(4)). However, most of the data generated utilize compounds that have not been optimized for druglike properties, and as a consequence, they exhibit poor pharmacokinetic properties and thus do not cross the blood-brain barrier. Herein, we report on a series of N-4-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)phenylpicolinamides with improved PK properties with excellent potency and selectivity as well as improved brain exposure in rodents. Finally, ML182 was shown to be orally active in the haloperidol induced catalepsy model, a well-established antiparkinsonian model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie K Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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19
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Robichaud AJ, Engers DW, Lindsley CW, Hopkins CR. Recent progress on the identification of metabotropic glutamate 4 receptor ligands and their potential utility as CNS therapeutics. ACS Chem Neurosci 2011; 2:433-49. [PMID: 22860170 DOI: 10.1021/cn200043e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This Review describes recent activity in the advancement of ligands for the metabotropic glutamate 4 receptor subtype and their potential utility as central nervous system (CNS) therapeutics. Until recently, there was a paucity of compounds with suitable selectivity and druglike properties to elucidate the value of this target. The search for selective entities has led several groups to the investigation of allosteric modulators as a path to optimization of potential ligands. Recent efforts, discussed here, have afforded a variety of derivatives with improvements in potency, solubility, and pharmacokinetic properties that garner support for continued investigation and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert J. Robichaud
- Chemical & Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Lundbeck Research USA, 215 College Road, Paramus, New Jersey 07652, United States
| | - Darren W. Engers
- Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (MLPCN), Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (MLPCN), Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (MLPCN), Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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20
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mGluR4-positive allosteric modulation as potential treatment for Parkinson's disease. Future Med Chem 2011; 1:501-13. [PMID: 20161443 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.09.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Parkinson's disease was first diagnosed nearly 200 years ago, its effective treatment still remains elusive for most of those diagnosed. The gold standard of treatment for most patients is 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine. This drug works for most individuals early in the disease; however, resistant symptoms start to emerge after several years of treatment. There has been increased interest in finding novel therapies to help Parkinson's disease patients. Such strategies may have the benefit of not only treating the symptomatic issues of the disorder, but might also offer promise in protecting dopaminergic neurons from further degeneration. One such target that is now receiving much attention from the scientific community is the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR4. In this article, we briefly review Parkinson's disease and then recent work in the mGluR area, with a focus on the efforts being made toward finding and optimizing novel mGluR4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs). Preclinically in rodent models, mGluR4 activation has offered much promise as a novel treatment of Parkinson's disease. Additionally, the specific use of PAMs, rather than direct-acting agonists at the orthosteric glutamate site, continues to be validated as a viable treatment option for this target. It is anticipated that continued progress in this area will further our understanding of the potential of mGluR4 modulation as a novel symptomatic and potentially disease-modifying treatment for Parkinson's disease.
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21
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Raghuvanshi DS, Singh KN. Microwave-assisted one-pot synthesis of functionalized pyrimidines using ionic liquid. J Heterocycl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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22
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Sams AG, Mikkelsen GK, Larsen M, Langgård M, Howells ME, Schrøder TJ, Brennum LT, Torup L, Jørgensen EB, Bundgaard C, Kreilgård M, Bang-Andersen B. Discovery of Phosphoric Acid Mono-{2-[(E/Z)-4-(3,3-dimethyl-butyrylamino)-3,5-difluoro-benzoylimino]-thiazol-3-ylmethyl} Ester (Lu AA47070): A Phosphonooxymethylene Prodrug of a Potent and Selective hA2A Receptor Antagonist. J Med Chem 2011; 54:751-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1008659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anette G. Sams
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Gitte K. Mikkelsen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Mogens Larsen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Morten Langgård
- Computational Chemistry, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Mark E. Howells
- Process Research, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Tenna J. Schrøder
- Molecular Pharmacology, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Lise T. Brennum
- In vivo Neuropharmacology, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Lars Torup
- In vivo Neuropharmacology, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Erling B. Jørgensen
- Preformulation, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Bundgaard
- Discovery ADME, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Mads Kreilgård
- Discovery ADME, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
| | - Benny Bang-Andersen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research, Lundbeck Research Denmark, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark
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23
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Al-Salahi R, Geffken D, Koellner M. A New Series of 2-Alkoxy(aralkoxy)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]quinazolin-5-ones as Adenosine Receptor Antagonists. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2011; 59:730-3. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.59.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rashad Al-Salahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University
| | - Detlef Geffken
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Hamburg University
| | - Maria Koellner
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Hamburg University
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24
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Shook BC, Charavarty D, Barbay JK, Wang A, Leonard K, Alford V, Powell M, Beauchamp DA, Rassnick S, Scannevin R, Carroll K, Wallace N, Crooke J, Ault M, Lampron L, Westover L, Rhodes K, Jackson PF. Aminomethyl substituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as adenosine A2A receptor antagonists. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00082a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Shook BC, Rassnick S, Osborne MC, Davis S, Westover L, Boulet J, Hall D, Rupert KC, Heintzelman GR, Hansen K, Chakravarty D, Bullington JL, Russell R, Branum S, Wells KM, Damon S, Youells S, Li X, Beauchamp DA, Palmer D, Reyes M, Demarest K, Tang Y, Rhodes K, Jackson PF. In Vivo Characterization of a Dual Adenosine A2A/A1 Receptor Antagonist in Animal Models of Parkinson’s Disease. J Med Chem 2010; 53:8104-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100971t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian C. Shook
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Stefanie Rassnick
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Melville C. Osborne
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Scott Davis
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Lori Westover
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Jamie Boulet
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Daniel Hall
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Kenneth C. Rupert
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Geoffrey R. Heintzelman
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Kristin Hansen
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Devraj Chakravarty
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - James L. Bullington
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Ronald Russell
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Shawn Branum
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Kenneth M. Wells
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Sandra Damon
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Scott Youells
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Xun Li
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Derek A. Beauchamp
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - David Palmer
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Mayra Reyes
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Keith Demarest
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Yuting Tang
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Kenneth Rhodes
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Paul F. Jackson
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, P.O. Box 776, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
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26
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Hussein AM, Ahmed OM. Regioselective one-pot synthesis and anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of some novel tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:2639-44. [PMID: 20227281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Revised: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An easy and efficient route for the synthesis of some tetrazolo[1,5-a]-pyrimidine derivatives was described through the reaction of sodium salts of formyl cycloalkanones with 5-aminotetrazole monohydrate. The derivative 6,7,8,9-tetrahydrotetrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline (6b) has profound anti-tumor cytotoxic effects against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) both in vivo and in vitro and against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line in vitro. These anti-tumor effects may be mediated via stimulation of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of p53 transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Hussein
- Chemistry Department (Organic Chemistry Division), Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
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27
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Zhang LK, Pramanik BN. Characterization of major degradation products of an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist under stressed conditions by LC-MS and FT tandem MS analysis. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:146-156. [PMID: 19911413 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a very serious neurological disorder, and current methods of treatment fail to achieve long-term control. SCH 420814 is a potent, selective and orally active adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonist discovered by Schering-Plough. Stability testing provides evidence of the quality of a bulk drug when exposed to the influence of environmental factors. Understanding the drug degradation profiles is critical to the safety and potency assessment of the drug candidate for clinical trials. As a result, identification of degradation products has taken an important role in drug development process. In this study, a rapid and sensitive method was developed for the structural determination of the degradation products of SCH 420814 formed under different forced conditions. The study utilizes a combination of liquid chromatography-tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and Fourier Transform (FT) MS techniques to obtain complementary information for structure elucidation of the unknowns. This combination approach has significant impact on degradation product identification. A total of ten degradation products of SCH 420814 were characterized using the developed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kang Zhang
- Chemical Research, Schering-Plough Research Institute, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
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28
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Lanier MC, Moorjani M, Luo Z, Chen Y, Lin E, Tellew JE, Zhang X, Williams JP, Gross RS, Lechner SM, Markison S, Joswig T, Kargo W, Piercey J, Santos M, Malany S, Zhao M, Petroski R, Crespo MI, Díaz JL, Saunders J, Wen J, O’Brien Z, Jalali K, Madan A, Slee DH. N-[6-Amino-2-(heteroaryl)pyrimidin-4-yl]acetamides as A2A Receptor Antagonists with Improved Drug Like Properties and in Vivo Efficacy. J Med Chem 2009; 52:709-17. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800908d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion C. Lanier
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manisha Moorjani
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zhiyong Luo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emily Lin
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John E. Tellew
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John P. Williams
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raymond S. Gross
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra M. Lechner
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stacy Markison
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tanya Joswig
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - William Kargo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Piercey
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark Santos
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Siobhan Malany
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marilyn Zhao
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Petroski
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María I. Crespo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José-Luis Díaz
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Saunders
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jenny Wen
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zhihong O’Brien
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kayvon Jalali
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ajay Madan
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Deborah H. Slee
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, and Preclinical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, and Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, 408-410, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Manlove A, Groziak MP. Chapter 6.2: Six-Membered Ring Systems: Diazines and Benzo Derivatives. PROGRESS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(09)70040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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30
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Abstract
The development of potent and selective agonists and antagonists of adenosine receptors (ARs) has been a target of medicinal chemistry research for several decades, and recently the US Food and Drug Administration has approved Lexiscan, an adenosine derivative substituted at the 2 position, for use as a pharmacologic stress agent in radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging. Currently, some other adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)AR) agonists and antagonists are undergoing preclinical testing and clinical trials. While agonists are potent antiinflammatory agents also showing hypotensive effects, antagonists are being developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.However, since there are still major problems in this field, including side effects, low brain penetration (for the targeting of CNS diseases), short half-life, or lack of in vivo effects, the design and development of new AR ligands is a hot research topic.This review presents an update on the medicinal chemistry of A(2A)AR agonists and antagonists, and stresses the strong need for more selective ligands at the human A(2A)AR subtype, in particular in the case of agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Cristalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
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31
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Neustadt BR, Liu H, Hao J, Greenlee WJ, Stamford AW, Foster C, Arik L, Lachowicz J, Zhang H, Bertorelli R, Fredduzzi S, Varty G, Cohen-Williams M, Ng K. Potent and selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonists: 1,2,4-Triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:967-71. [PMID: 19109019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2008] [Revised: 11/19/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Antagonism of the adenosine A(2a) receptor offers great promise in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In the course of exploring pyrazolo[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine A(2A) antagonists, which led to clinical candidate SCH 420814, we prepared 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines with potent and selective (vs A(1)) A(2a) antagonist activity, including oral activity in the rat haloperidol-induced catalepsy model. Structure-activity relationships and plasma levels are described for this series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard R Neustadt
- Department of Chemical Research, Schering-Plough Research Institute, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033-1310, USA.
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32
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Zhang X, Tellew JE, Luo Z, Moorjani M, Lin E, Lanier MC, Chen Y, Williams JP, Saunders J, Lechner SM, Markison S, Joswig T, Petroski R, Piercey J, Kargo W, Malany S, Santos M, Gross RS, Wen J, Jalali K, O’Brien Z, Stotz CE, Crespo MI, Díaz JL, Slee DH. Lead Optimization of 4-Acetylamino-2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-6-pyridylpyrimidines as A2A Adenosine Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease. J Med Chem 2008; 51:7099-110. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800851u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Zhang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - John E. Tellew
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zhiyong Luo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manisha Moorjani
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emily Lin
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marion C. Lanier
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - John P. Williams
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Saunders
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra M. Lechner
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stacy Markison
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tanya Joswig
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Petroski
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Piercey
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - William Kargo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Siobhan Malany
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark Santos
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raymond S. Gross
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jenny Wen
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kayvon Jalali
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zhihong O’Brien
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carol E. Stotz
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María I. Crespo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José-Luis Díaz
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Deborah H. Slee
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, Neuroscience, Chemical Development, Preclinical Development, and Pharmaceutical Development, Neurocrine Biosciences, 12780 El Camino Real, San Diego, California 92130, Almirall Research Center, Almirall, Ctra. Laureà Miró, E-08980 St. Feliu de Llobregat, 408-410 Barcelona, Spain
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2,6-Diaryl-4-acylaminopyrimidines as potent and selective adenosine A2A antagonists with improved solubility and metabolic stability. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:5402-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2008] [Revised: 09/11/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Xie F, Zhao H, Zhao L, Lou L, Hu Y. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2,4,5-substituted pyrimidine derivatives for anticancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:275-8. [PMID: 19028425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2008] [Revised: 09/14/2008] [Accepted: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 2,4,5-substituted pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition against the human hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402 cancer cell line. Several compounds showed potent inhibition with an IC(50) value less than 0.10 microM. Structure-activity relationships for this class of compounds at the 2- and 5-position of the pyrimidine scaffold have been elucidated. The most active compound 7gc showed good inhibition of several different human cancer cell lines with IC(50) values from 0.024 to 0.55 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchun Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai, China
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