1
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Li ZW, Fan CL, Sun B, Huang L, Wang ZQ, Huang XJ, Zhang SQ, Ye WC, Wu ZL, Zhang XQ. Discovery of Unusual Ajmaline-Macroline Type Bisindole Alkaloids from Alstonia macrophylla by Building Blocks-Based Molecular Networking. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303519. [PMID: 38018776 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Three unusual ajmaline-macroline type bisindole alkaloids, alsmaphylines A-C, together with their postulated biogenetic precursors, were isolated from the stem barks and leaves of Alstonia macrophylla via the building blocks-based molecular network (BBMN) strategy. Alsmaphyline A represents a rare ajmaline-macroline type bisindole alkaloid with an S-shape polycyclic ring system. Alsmaphylines B and C are two novel ajmaline-macroline type bisindole alkaloids with N-1-C-21' linkages, and the former possesses an unconventional stacked conformation due to the presence of intramolecular noncovalent interactions. The chemical structures including absolute configurations of alsmaphylines A-C were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. In addition, a plausible biosynthetic pathway of these bisindole alkaloids as well as their ability to promote the protein synthesis on HT22 cells were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Lin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Biao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Lan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Long Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
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2
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Yu L, Nakamura H. Short, Scalable Access to Pyrrovobasine. JACS AU 2023; 3:3000-3004. [PMID: 38034961 PMCID: PMC10685420 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
A concise gram-scale synthesis of pyrrovobasine (1) is reported. Key transformations include a three-step decagram-scale synthesis of the tetracyclic compound, Mn-mediated direct radical cyclization, and the introduction of a naturally rare pyrraline structure. The synthesis is designed to be applicable to gram-scale synthesis using inexpensive and readily available reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhui Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hugh Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, The
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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3
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Cheng WF, Ma S, Lai YT, Cheung YT, Akkarasereenon K, Zhou Y, Tong R. BiBr 3 -Mediated Intramolecular Aza-Prins Cyclization of Aza-Achmatowicz Rearrangement Products: Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Suaveoline and Sarpagine Alkaloids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311671. [PMID: 37724977 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
An intramolecular aza-Prins cyclization of aza-Achmatowicz rearrangement products was developed in which bismuth tribromide (BiBr3 ) plays a dual role as an efficient Lewis acid and source of the bromide nucleophile. This approach enables the facile construction of highly functionalized 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes (9-ABNs), which are valuable synthetic building blocks and a powerful platform for the synthesis of a variety of alkaloid natural products and drug molecules. Suitable substrates for the aza-Prins cyclization include 1,1-disubstituted alkenes, 1,2-disubstituted alkenes, alkynes, and allenes, with good to excellent yields observed. Finally, we showcase the application of this new approach to the enantioselective total synthesis of six indole alkaloids: (-)-suaveoline (1), (-)-norsuaveoline (2), (-)-macrophylline (3), (+)-normacusine B (4), (+)-Na -methyl-16-epipericyclivine (5) and (+)-affinisine (6) in a total of 9-14 steps. This study significantly expands the synthetic utility of the aza-Achmatowicz rearrangement, and the strategy (aza-Achmatowicz/aza-Prins) is expected to be applicable to the total synthesis of other members of the big family of macroline and sarpagine indole alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Fung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shiqiang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin Tung Lai
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuen Tsz Cheung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kornkamon Akkarasereenon
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiqin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rongbiao Tong
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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4
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Pandey KP, Rahman MT, Cook JM. Bisindole Alkaloids from the Alstonia Species: Recent Isolation, Bioactivity, Biosynthesis, and Synthesis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113459. [PMID: 34200196 PMCID: PMC8201064 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisindoles are structurally complex dimers and are intriguing targets for partial and total synthesis. They exhibit stronger biological activity than their corresponding monomeric units. Alkaloids, including those containing C-19 methyl-substitution in their monomeric units, their synthetic derivatives, and their mismatched pairs can be attractive targets for synthesis and may unlock better drug targets. We herein discuss the isolation of bisindoles from various Alstonia species, their bioactivity, putative biosynthesis, and synthesis. The total synthesis of macralstonidine, macralstonine, O-acetylmacralstonine, and dispegatrine, as well as the partial synthesis of alstonisidine, villalstonine, and macrocarpamine are also discussed in this review. The completion of the total synthesis of pleiocarpamine by Sato et al. completes the formal synthesis of the latter two bisindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal P. Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA;
| | - Md Toufiqur Rahman
- RTI International, Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA;
| | - James M. Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-414-614-0919
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5
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Muzart J. Progress in the synthesis of aldehydes from Pd-catalyzed Wacker-type reactions of terminal olefins. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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6
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Banerjee A, Panda G. Total synthesis of selected bioactive alkaloids, their structure–function relationships and molecular target interactions: A comparative synthetic analysis of tryptophan originated chiral pool approaches vs other synthons. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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7
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Kadam VD, Rao B SS, Mahesh SK, Chakraborty M, Vemulapalli SPB, Dayaka SN, Sudhakar G. Stereoselective Access to the Core Structure of Macroline-Type Indole Alkaloids: Total Synthesis of Macroline and Alstomicine. Org Lett 2018; 20:4782-4786. [PMID: 30067369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rapid synthesis of the pentacyclic core structure of macroline-type indole alkaloids, and its application in the total synthesis of macroline and alstomicine is described. The core structure was accomplished in a highly stereocontrolled manner via two key steps, Ireland-Claisen rearrangement and Pictet-Spengler cyclization, commencing from a readily available starting material l-tryptophan, which obviated the need of a particular chiral source as an external catalyst, reagent, or internal auxiliary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilas D Kadam
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR) , New Delhi , India
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8
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Wang SG, Xia ZL, Xu RQ, Liu XJ, Zheng C, You SL. Construction of Chiral Tetrahydro-β-Carbolines: Asymmetric Pictet-Spengler Reaction of Indolyl Dihydropyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7440-7443. [PMID: 28466512 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient synthesis of the enantioenriched tetrahydro-β-carbolines was developed by using a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed Pictet-Spengler reaction of indolyl dihydropyridines. The reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions to afford the desired chiral tetrahydro-β-carbolines in good to excellent yields (up to 96 %) and high enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee). With this method, a formal synthesis of tangutorine and a total synthesis of deplancheine were achieved in a highly efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Guo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zi-Lei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ren-Qi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xi-Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
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9
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Wang SG, Xia ZL, Xu RQ, Liu XJ, Zheng C, You SL. Construction of Chiral Tetrahydro-β-Carbolines: Asymmetric Pictet-Spengler Reaction of Indolyl Dihydropyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Guo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zi-Lei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ren-Qi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xi-Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin 300072 China
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10
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Synthesis of Bisindole Alkaloids from the Apocynaceae Which Contain a Macroline or Sarpagine Unit: A Review. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111525. [PMID: 27854259 PMCID: PMC5214337 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisindole natural products consist of two monomeric indole alkaloid units as their obligate constituents. Bisindoles are more potent with respect to their biological activity than their corresponding monomeric units. In addition, the synthesis of bisindoles are far more challenging than the synthesis of monomeric indole alkaloids. Herein is reviewed the enantiospecific total and partial synthesis of bisindole alkaloids isolated primarily from the Alstonia genus of the Apocynaceae family. The monomeric units belong to the sarpagine, ajmaline, macroline, vobasine, and pleiocarpamine series. An up-to-date discussion of their isolation, characterization, biological activity as well as approaches to their partial and total synthesis by means of both synthetic and biosynthetic strategies are presented.
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11
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Smith JM, Moreno J, Boal BW, Garg NK. Fischer Indolizations as a Strategic Platform for the Total Synthesis of Picrinine. J Org Chem 2015; 80:8954-67. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel M. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jesus Moreno
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ben W. Boal
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Neil K. Garg
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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12
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Martin NJ, Ferreiro SF, Barbault F, Nicolas M, Lecellier G, Paetz C, Gaysinski M, Alonso E, Thomas OP, Botana LM, Raharivelomanana P. Indole alkaloids from the Marquesan plant Rauvolfia nukuhivensis and their effects on ion channels. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 109:84-95. [PMID: 25468537 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the already reported nukuhivensiums 1 and 2, 11 indole alkaloids were isolated from the bark of the plant Rauvolfia nukuhivensis, growing in the Marquesas archipelago. The known sandwicine (3), isosandwicine (4), spegatrine (8), lochneram (9), flavopereirine (13) have been found in this plant together with the norsandwicine (5), isonorsandwicine (6), Nb-methylisosandwicine (7), 10-methoxypanarine (10), nortueiaoine (11), tueiaoine (12). The structure elucidation was performed on the basis of a deep exploration of the NMR and HRESIMS data as well as comparison with literature data for similar compounds. Norsandwicine, 10-methoxypanarine, tueiaoine, and more importantly nukuhivensiums, were shown to significantly induce a reduction of IKr amplitude (HERG current). Molecular modelling through docking was performed in order to illustrate this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas J Martin
- Laboratoire EIMS UMR 241 EIO, Université de la Polynésie française, BP 6570, 98702 Faa'a, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
| | - Sara F Ferreiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Florent Barbault
- Laboratoire ITODYS UMR CNRS 7086, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue J.-A. de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Mael Nicolas
- Laboratoire EIMS UMR 241 EIO, Université de la Polynésie française, BP 6570, 98702 Faa'a, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
| | - Gaël Lecellier
- Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 55 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL" - Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement (CRIOBE), BP 1013 - 98729, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia.
| | - Christian Paetz
- MPI for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Marc Gaysinski
- Institut de Chimie de Nice-PCRE, UMR 7272 CNRS, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France.
| | - Eva Alonso
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Olivier P Thomas
- Institut de Chimie de Nice-PCRE, UMR 7272 CNRS, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France; Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d́Ecologie marine et continentale, UMR 7263 CNRS - IRD - Aix-Marseille Université - UAPV, Station Marine d́Endoume, Rue de la Batterie des Lions, 13007 Marseille, France.
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Phila Raharivelomanana
- Laboratoire EIMS UMR 241 EIO, Université de la Polynésie française, BP 6570, 98702 Faa'a, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
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13
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Edwankar R, Edwankar CR, Deschamps JR, Cook JM. General strategy for synthesis of C-19 methyl-substituted sarpagine/macroline/ajmaline indole alkaloids including total synthesis of 19(S),20(R)-dihydroperaksine, 19(S),20(R)-dihydroperaksine-17-al, and peraksine. J Org Chem 2014; 79:10030-48. [PMID: 25247616 PMCID: PMC4227583 DOI: 10.1021/jo5016163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A detailed account of the development of a general strategy for synthesis of the C-19 methyl-substituted alkaloids including total synthesis of 19(S),20(R)-dihydroperaksine-17-al (1), 19(S),20(R)-dihydroperaksine (2), and peraksine (6) is presented. Efforts directed toward the total synthesis of macrosalhine chloride (5) are also reported. Important to success is the sequence of chemical reactions which include a critical haloboration reaction, regioselective hydroboration, and controlled oxidation (to provide sensitive enolizable aldehydes at C-20). In addition, the all-important Pd-catalyzed α-vinylation reaction has been extended to a chiral C-19 alkyl-substituted substrate for the first time. Synthesis of the advanced intermediate 64 completes an improved formal total synthesis of talcarpine (26) and provides a starting point for synthesis of macroline-related alkaloids 27-31. Similarly, extension of this synthetic strategy in the ring A oxygenated series should provide easy access to the northern hemisphere 32b of the bisindoles angustricraline, alstocraline, and foliacraline (Figure 4 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul
V. Edwankar
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of Wisconsin—Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Chitra R. Edwankar
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of Wisconsin—Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Deschamps
- Center
for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6930, Washington, District
of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - James M. Cook
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of Wisconsin—Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
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14
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Smith JM, Moreno J, Boal BW, Garg NK. Kaskadenreaktionen in der Totalsynthese von Akuammilin-Alkaloiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Smith JM, Moreno J, Boal BW, Garg NK. Cascade reactions: a driving force in akuammiline alkaloid total synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:400-12. [PMID: 25346244 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The akuammiline alkaloids are a family of intricate natural products which have received considerable attention from scientists worldwide. Despite the fact that many members of this alkaloid class were discovered over 50 years ago, synthetic chemistry has been unable to address their architectures until recently. This minireview provides a brief overview of the rich history of the akuammiline alkaloids, including their isolation, structural features, biological activity, and proposed biosyntheses. Furthermore, several recently completed total syntheses are discussed in detail. These examples not only serve to highlight modern achievements in alkaloid total synthesis, but also demonstrate how the molecular scaffolds of the akuammilines have provided inspiration for the discovery and implementation of innovative cascade reactions for the rapid assembly of complex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (USA) http://www.chem.ucla.edu/dept/Faculty/garg/Garg_Group/Home.html
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16
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Smith JM, Moreno J, Boal BW, Garg NK. Total synthesis of the akuammiline alkaloid picrinine. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:4504-7. [PMID: 24597784 PMCID: PMC3985766 DOI: 10.1021/ja501780w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We report the first total synthesis of the complex akuammiline alkaloid picrinine, which was first isolated nearly five decades ago. Our synthetic approach features a concise assembly of the [3.3.1]-azabicyclic core, a key Fischer indolization reaction to forge the natural product's carbon framework, and a series of delicate late-stage transformations to complete the synthesis. Our synthesis of picrinine also constitutes a formal synthesis of the related polycyclic alkaloid strictamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jesus Moreno
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ben W. Boal
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Neil K. Garg
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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17
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Zhang DH, Tang XY, Wei Y, Shi M. Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Nitrogen-Tethered Indoles and Alkylidenecyclopropanes: Convenient Access to Polycyclic Indole Derivatives. Chemistry 2013; 19:13668-73. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Edwankar CR, Edwankar RV, Namjoshi OA, Liao X, Cook JM. Stereospecific approach to the synthesis of ring-A oxygenated sarpagine indole alkaloids. Total synthesis of the dimeric indole alkaloid P-(+)-dispegatrine and six other monomeric indole alkaloids. J Org Chem 2013; 78:6471-87. [PMID: 23721107 PMCID: PMC3722876 DOI: 10.1021/jo400469t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first regio- and stereocontrolled total synthesis of the bisphenolic, bisquaternary alkaloid (+)-dispegatrine (1) has been accomplished in an overall yield of 8.3% (12 reaction vessels) from 5-methoxy-d-tryptophan ethyl ester (17). A crucial late-stage thallium(III) mediated intermolecular oxidative dehydrodimerization was employed in the formation of the C9-C9' biaryl axis in 1. The complete stereocontrol observed in this key biaryl coupling step is due to the asymmetric induction by the natural sarpagine configuration of the monomer lochnerine (6) and was confirmed by both the Suzuki and the oxidative dehydrodimerization model studies on the tetrahydro β-carboline (35). The axial chirality of the lochnerine dimer (40) and in turn dispegatrine (1) was established by X-ray crystallography and was determined to be P(S). Additionally, the first total synthesis of the monomeric indole alkaloids (+)-spegatrine (2), (+)-10-methoxyvellosimine (5), (+)-lochnerine (6), lochvinerine (7), (+)-sarpagine (8), and (+)-lochneram (11) were also achieved via the common pentacyclic intermediate 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra R. Edwankar
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - Rahul V. Edwankar
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - Ojas A. Namjoshi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - Xuebin Liao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - James M. Cook
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
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19
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Bieliu̅nas V, Račkauskaitė D, Orentas E, Stončius S. Synthesis, Enantiomer Separation, and Absolute Configuration of 2,6-Oxygenated 9-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes. J Org Chem 2013; 78:5339-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jo400506h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vidmantas Bieliu̅nas
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dovilė Račkauskaitė
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Edvinas Orentas
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sigitas Stončius
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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20
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Ankner T, Cosner CC, Helquist P. Palladium- and nickel-catalyzed alkenylation of enolates. Chemistry 2013; 19:1858-71. [PMID: 23325616 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed alkenylation of enolates provides a direct method to synthesize broadly useful β,γ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds from the corresponding carbonyl compound and alkenyl halides. Despite being reported in the early seventies, this reaction class saw little development for many years. In the past decade, however, efforts to develop this reaction further have increased considerably, and many research groups have reported efficient coupling protocols, including enantioselective versions. These reactions most commonly employ palladium catalysts, but there are also some important reports using nickel. There are many examples of this powerful transformation being used in the synthesis of complex natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Ankner
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Craig D, Goldberg FW, Pett RW, Tholen NTH, White AJP. Aziridine-based concise synthesis of (±)-alstonerine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:9275-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45543b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Edwankar CR, Edwankar RV, Deschamps JR, Cook JM. Nature-inspired stereospecific total synthesis of P-(+)-dispegatrine and four other monomeric sarpagine indole alkaloids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:11762-5. [PMID: 23073985 PMCID: PMC3970238 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Non-phenolic oxidative coupling : The first total synthesis of the C -2 symmetric indole alkaloid P -(+)-dispegatrine (1 ) is reported. A late-stage thallium(III)acetate mediated intermolecular oxidative coupling was employed to construct the C(9)-C(9′) bond with complete regio- and stereocontrol. The exclusive formation of a single atropodiastereomer 12 in this critical step arises due to internal asymmetric induction, as planned. In addition, the first total synthesis of four other monomeric sarpagine indole alkaloids is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra R. Edwankar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210, N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI-53201 (USA)
| | - Rahul V. Edwankar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210, N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI-53201 (USA)
| | - Jeffrey R. Deschamps
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6930, Washington, D. C. 20375 (USA)
| | - James M. Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210, N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI-53201 (USA)
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23
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Edwankar CR, Edwankar RV, Deschamps JR, Cook JM. Nature-Inspired Stereospecific Total Synthesis ofP-(+)-Dispegatrine and Four Other MonomericSarpagineIndole Alkaloids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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24
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Cai Q, Liang XW, Wang SG, Zhang JW, Zhang X, You SL. Ring-Closing Metathesis/Isomerization/Pictet–Spengler Cascade via Ruthenium/Chiral Phosphoric Acid Sequential Catalysis. Org Lett 2012; 14:5022-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol302215u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shou-Guo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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25
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Zaima K, Koga I, Iwasawa N, Hosoya T, Hirasawa Y, Kaneda T, Ismail IS, Lajis NH, Morita H. Vasorelaxant activity of indole alkaloids from Tabernaemontana dichotoma. J Nat Med 2012; 67:9-16. [PMID: 22350216 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-012-0638-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to search for bioactive natural products from medicinal plants targeting vasorelaxant activity and we found the methanol extract from bark of Tabernaemontana dichotoma showed vasorelaxant activity on rat aorta. We isolated eight indole alkaloids including 10-methoxyalstonerine (1), a new macroline type indole alkaloid, from bark of T. dichotoma. These were respectively identified as 10-methoxyaffinisine (2), lochnerine (3), cathafoline (4), (-)-alstonerine (5), 19,20-dehydro-10-methoxytalcarpine (6), alstonisine (7), and alstonal (8) based on spectroscopic analysis. Among them, sarpagine type (2 and 3), akuammiline type (4), and macroline oxindole type (7 and 8) showed potent vasorelaxant activity. Mechanism of action on vasorelaxant activity of 10-methoxyaffinisine (2), cathafoline (4), and alstonisine (7) was clarified. Effects of 10-methoxyaffinisine (2), cathafoline (4), and alstonisine (7) were partially mediated the NO release from endothelial cells. Furthermore, 10-methoxyaffinisine (2) and alstonisine (7) attribute to the inhibitory effect of VDC and ROC, and cathafoline (4) have inhibitory effect on Ca(2+) influx via ROC. In addition, 10-methoxyaffinisine (2) as a major compound from bark of T. dichotoma showed hypotensive effect on normotensive rats in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Zaima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Edwankar RV, Edwankar CR, Deschamps J, Cook JM. Regiospecific, enantiospecific total synthesis of C-19 methyl substituted sarpagine alkaloids dihydroperaksine-17-al and dihydroperaksine. Org Lett 2011; 13:5216-9. [PMID: 21877687 PMCID: PMC3184356 DOI: 10.1021/ol202101p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The optically active tetracyclic ketone 8 was converted into the pentacylic core 14 of the C-19 methyl substituted N(a)-H sarpagine and ajmaline alkaloids via a critical haloboration reaction. The ketone 14 was then employed in the total synthesis of 19(S),20(R)-dihydroperaksine-17-al (1) and 19(S),20(R)-dihydroperaksine (2). The key regioselective hydroboration and controlled oxidation-epimerization sequence developed in this approach should provide a general method to functionalize the C(20)-C(21) double bond in the ajmaline-related indole alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul V Edwankar
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA
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27
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Magano J, Dunetz JR. Large-Scale Applications of Transition Metal-Catalyzed Couplings for the Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals. Chem Rev 2011; 111:2177-250. [PMID: 21391570 DOI: 10.1021/cr100346g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1270] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Magano
- Research API, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Joshua R. Dunetz
- Research API, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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28
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English BJ, Williams RM. A divergent strategy for the synthesis of secologanin derived natural products. J Org Chem 2010; 75:7869-76. [PMID: 20964396 PMCID: PMC3037978 DOI: 10.1021/jo101775n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of D,L-geissoschizol, D,L-corynantheidol, D,L-dihydrocorynantheol, D,L-protoemetinol, and D,L-3-epi-protoemetinol have been accomplished from a single synthetic intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J. English
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Robert M. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
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29
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Yin W, Kabir MS, Wang Z, Rallapalli SK, Ma J, Cook JM. Enantiospecific total synthesis of the important biogenetic intermediates along the ajmaline pathway, (+)-polyneuridine and (+)-polyneuridine aldehyde, as well as 16-epivellosimine and macusine A. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3339-49. [PMID: 20392128 DOI: 10.1021/jo100279w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first stereospecific synthesis of polyneuridine aldehyde (6), 16-epivellosimine (7), (+)-polyneuridine (8), and (+)-macusine A (9) has been accomplished from commercially available d-(+)-tryptophan methyl ester. d-(+)-Tryptophan has served here both as the chiral auxiliary and the starting material for the synthesis of the common intermediate, (+)-vellosimine (13). This alkaloid was available in enantiospecific fashion in seven reaction vessels in 27% overall yield from d-(+)-trytophan methyl ester (14) via a combination of the asymmetric Pictet-Spengler reaction, Dieckmann cyclization, and a stereocontrolled intramolecular enolate-driven palladium-mediated cross-coupling reaction. A new process for this stereocontrolled intramolecular cross-coupling has been developed via a copper-mediated process. The initial results of this investigation indicated that an enolate-driven palladium-mediated cross-coupling reaction can be accomplished by a copper-mediated process which is less expensive and much easier to work up. An enantiospecific total synthesis of (+)-polyneuridine aldehyde (6), which has been proposed as an important biogenetic intermediate in the biosynthesis of quebrachidine (2), was then accomplished in an overall yield of 14.1% in 13 reaction vessels from d-(+)-tryptophan methyl ester (14). Aldehyde 13 was protected as the N(a)-Boc aldehyde 32 and then converted into the prochiral C(16)-quaternary diol 12 via the practical Tollens' reaction and deprotection. The DDQ-mediated oxidative cyclization and TFA/Et(3)SiH reductive cleavage served as protection/deprotection steps to provide a versatile entry into the three alkaloids polyneuridine aldehyde (6), polyneuridine (8), and macusine A (9) from the quarternary diol 12. The oxidation of the 16-hydroxymethyl group present in the axial position was achieved with the Corey-Kim reagent to provide the desired beta-axial aldehydes, polyneuridine aldehyde (6), and 16-epivellosimine (7) with 100% diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Yin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
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30
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The first enantiospecific total synthesis of the 3-oxygenated sarpagine indole alkaloids affinine and 16-epiaffinine, as well as vobasinediol and 16-epivobasinediol. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Kumpaty HJ, Van Linn ML, Kabir MS, Försterling FH, Deschamps JR, Cook JM. Study of the cis to trans isomerization of 1-phenyl-2,3-disubstituted tetrahydro-beta-carbolines at C(1). Evidence for the carbocation-mediated mechanism. J Org Chem 2009; 74:2771-9. [PMID: 19275130 PMCID: PMC2758420 DOI: 10.1021/jo8028168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to shed light on the mechanism of the epimerization of cis-1,2,3-trisubstituted tetrahydro-beta-carbolines into the trans isomers via a potential carbocationic intermediate at C(1). In order to study the pathway involved in C(1)-N(2) bond cleavage, the electronic character of the carbon atom at C-1 was altered by substitution of electron-rich and electron-poor phenyl rings at this position. This provided direct evidence of the effects of charge at the proposed site of the carbocationic intermediate. In this regard, a diverse set of 1-(phenyl substituted)-2-benzyl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carbolines has been synthesized via the Pictet-Spengler reaction by condensation of l-tryptophan derivatives with electron-poor and electron-rich aromatic aldehydes. The epimers involved in the isomerization mechanism were investigated by dynamic (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses. The kinetic studies, which involved conversion of cis diastereomers into their trans counterparts, were carried out in dilute TFA/CH(2)Cl(2). The 1-(4-methoxyphenyl) cis diastereomer epimerized at a much faster rate into the corresponding trans diastereomer than the related 1-(4-nitrophenyl) cis diastereomer epimerized. These observations provide support for the carbocationic intermediate in the C(1)-N(2) scission process. The understanding of this epimerization process is of importance when Pictet-Spengler reactions are carried out under acidic conditions during the synthesis of indole alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hephzibah J Kumpaty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, Whitewater, Wisconsin 53190, USA
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32
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33
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Ishikura M, Yamada K. Simple indole alkaloids and those with a nonrearranged monoterpenoid unit. Nat Prod Rep 2009; 26:803-52. [DOI: 10.1039/b820693g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Solé D, Serrano O. Intramolecular Pd(0)-Catalyzed Reactions of β-(2-Iodoanilino) Carboxamides: Enolate Arylation and Nucleophilic Substitution at the Carboxamide Group. J Org Chem 2008; 73:9372-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo8020715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Solé
- Laboratori de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Serrano
- Laboratori de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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35
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Edwankar CR, Edwankar RV, Rallapalli S, Cook JM. General Approach to the Total Synthesis of Macroline-Related Sarpagine and Ajmaline Alkaloids 1. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800301114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Described in this review is a general and efficient strategy for the synthesis of macroline-related sarpagine and ajmaline alkaloids. The tetracyclic ketone in the parent system, as well as the alkoxy substituted series served as templates for the synthesis of these complex molecules. The palladium-mediated enolate cross coupling process, regiospecific hydroboration, and Tollens reaction are some of the key transformations that have been employed for further functionalization of these templates. Synthetic routes that have been improved, in order to obtain gram quantities of these alkaloids form a part of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra R. Edwankar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Rahul V. Edwankar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Sundari Rallapalli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - James M. Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
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36
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Sewgobind NV, Wanner MJ, Ingemann S, de Gelder R, van Maarseveen JH, Hiemstra H. Enantioselective BINOL-Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Pictet−Spengler Reactions of N-Benzyltryptamine. J Org Chem 2008; 73:6405-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo8010478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nishant V. Sewgobind
- Vanʼt Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin J. Wanner
- Vanʼt Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Steen Ingemann
- Vanʼt Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René de Gelder
- Vanʼt Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. van Maarseveen
- Vanʼt Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Hiemstra
- Vanʼt Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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37
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Miller KA, Shanahan CS, Martin SF. The Pauson-Khand Reaction as a New Entry to the Synthesis of Bridged Bicyclic Heterocycles: Application to the Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (-)-Alstonerine. Tetrahedron 2008; 64:6884-6900. [PMID: 19122869 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The first application of the Pauson-Khand reaction (PKR) to the synthesis of azabridged bicyclic structures is described. Compounds containing azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane and azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane rings fused to cyclopentenones were efficiently constructed via the PKR of cis-2,6-disubstituted N-acyl piperidine enyne substrates, many of which can be readily prepared from 4-methoxypyridine in a few steps. Moreover, the PKR of cis-2,6-disubstituted piperazine enynes allowed the preparation of diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes fused to cyclopentenones. This new strategy for the synthesis of azabridged bicyclic frameworks was exploited as a key step in a concise, enantioselective total synthesis of the macroline alklaoid (-)-alstonerine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300 Austin, TX 78712-0165
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38
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