1
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Nguyen T, Ober DC, Balaji A, Maiwald FW, Hodyss RP, Madzunkov SM, Okumura M, Nemchick DJ. Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy of Water-Tagged Ions with a Widely Tunable Quantum Cascade Laser for Planetary Science Applications. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8875-8879. [PMID: 38776223 PMCID: PMC11155675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
This work presents a benchtop method for collecting the room temperature gas phase infrared (IR) action spectra of protonated amino acids and their isomers. The adopted setup uses a minimally modified commercial electrospray ionization linear ion trap mass spectrometer (ESI-LIT-MS) coupled to a broadband continuous wave (cw) quantum cascade laser (QCL) source. This approach leverages messenger assisted action spectroscopic techniques using water-tagged molecular ions with complex formation, irradiation, and subsequent analysis, all taking place within a single linear ion trap stage. This configuration thus circumvents the use of multiple mass selection and analysis stages, cryogenic buffer cells, and complex high-power laser systems typically called upon to execute these techniques. The benchtop action spectrometer is used to collect the 935-1600 cm-1 (6.2-10.7 μm) IR action spectrum of a collection of amino acids and a dipeptide with results cross referenced against literature examples obtained with a free electron laser source. Recorded IR spectra are used for the analysis of binary mixture samples composed of constitutional isomers α-alanine and β-alanine with ratios determined to ∼4% measurement uncertainty without the aid of a front-end separation stage. This turn-key QCL-based approach is a major step in showing the viability of tag-based action spectroscopic techniques for use in future in situ planetary science sensors and general analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler
M. Nguyen
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Douglas C. Ober
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Aadarsh Balaji
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Frank W. Maiwald
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Robert P. Hodyss
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Stojan M. Madzunkov
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Mitchio Okumura
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Deacon J. Nemchick
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
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2
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Dong HC, Hsu PJ, Kuo JL. Searching low-energy conformers of neutral and protonated di-, tri-, and tetra-glycine using first-principles accuracy assisted by the use of neural network potentials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11126-11139. [PMID: 38530660 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05659g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
In the last ten years, combinations of state-of-the-art gas-phase spectroscopies and quantum chemistry calculations have suggested several intuitive trends in the structure of small polypeptides that may not hold true. For example, the preference for the cis form of the peptide bond and multiple protonated sites was proposed by comparing experimental spectra with low-energy minima obtained from limited structural sampling using various density functional theory methods. For understanding the structures of polypeptides, extensive sampling of their configurational space with high-accuracy computational methods is required. In this work, we demonstrated the use of deep-learning neural network potential (DL-NNP) to assist in exploring the structure and energy landscape of di-, tri-, and tetra-glycine with the accuracy of high-level quantum chemistry methods, and low-energy conformers of small polypeptides can be efficiently located. We hope that the structures of these polypeptides we found and our preliminary analysis will stimulate further experimental investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu Cao Dong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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3
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Contreras FA, Sepúlveda DP, Amaral AC, Nuñez JJ, Trovatti E, Suárez-Villota EY. Rheological and Biological Properties of Adhesive Skin Secretions from Eupsophus vertebralis (Anura: Alsodidae). SCIENTIFICA 2024; 2024:2722351. [PMID: 38566624 PMCID: PMC10985274 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2722351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Skin secretions from Patagonian ground frogs, Eupsophus vertebralis, have previously been reported as a potent proteinaceous adhesive with potential biomedical applications. Here, we conducted a rheological analysis indicating the mechanical robustness of these secretions, with a storage modulus ranging from 1 to 10 Pa. In addition, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity assays were performed, revealing no antimicrobial activity against both the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The cytotoxicity results were intriguing, as three samples showed no harm, and one exhibited a severe cytotoxic effect on the human cell line MG63. These properties, as indicated by these preliminary results, reinforce their potential for practical applications in the industrial and medical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A. Contreras
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de las Américas, Av. Jorge Alessandri No. 1160, Concepción, Chile
| | - Daniela P. Sepúlveda
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de las Américas, Av. Jorge Alessandri No. 1160, Concepción, Chile
| | - André Capaldo Amaral
- Program of Post-Graduation in Regenerative Medicine and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Araraquara–UNIARA, Rua Carlos Gomes, Araraquara 1217, Brazil
| | - José J. Nuñez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Eliane Trovatti
- Program of Post-Graduation in Regenerative Medicine and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Araraquara–UNIARA, Rua Carlos Gomes, Araraquara 1217, Brazil
| | - Elkin Y. Suárez-Villota
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de las Américas, Av. Jorge Alessandri No. 1160, Concepción, Chile
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4
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Corinti D, Paciotti R, Coletti C, Re N, Chiavarino B, Frison G, Crestoni ME, Fornarini S. IRMPD spectroscopy and quantum-chemical simulations of the reaction products of cisplatin with the dipeptide CysGly. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 247:112342. [PMID: 37536163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The inorganic antineoplastic drug cisplatin was made to react in solution with the dipeptide cysteinylglycine (CysGly), chosen as a functional model of glutathione, and the reaction products were analyzed using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Selected complexes, i.e., the primary substitution product cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(CysGly)]+ and the chelate cis-[PtCl(NH3)(CysGly)]+, were submitted to IR multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy obtaining their vibrational features. The experimental IR ion spectra were compared with the calculated IR absorptions of different plausible isomeric families, finding CysGly to bind preferentially platinum(II) via its deprotonated thiolic group in the monovalent complex, cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(CysGly)]+, and to evolve in the S,N-bound chelate structure cis-[PtCl(NH3)(CysGly)]+ through the SH and NH2 functionality of the cysteine residue. Moreover, our findings indicate that the platination reaction does not affect the CysGly peptide bond, which remains in its trans configuration. These results provide additional insights into the reactivity of Pt(II)-complexes with glutathione which is involved in cellular cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Corinti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", I-00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Roberto Paciotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Coletti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Re
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti I-66100, Italy
| | - Barbara Chiavarino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Gilles Frison
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, LCT, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", I-00185 Roma, Italy
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5
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Leroux J, Kotobi A, Hirsch K, Lau T, Ortiz-Mahecha C, Maksimov D, Meißner R, Oostenrijk B, Rossi M, Schubert K, Timm M, Trinter F, Unger I, Zamudio-Bayer V, Schwob L, Bari S. Mapping the electronic transitions of protonation sites in peptides using soft X-ray action spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25603-25618. [PMID: 37721108 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Near-edge X-ray absorption mass spectrometry (NEXAMS) around the nitrogen and oxygen K-edges was employed on gas-phase peptides to probe the electronic transitions related to their protonation sites, namely at basic side chains, the N-terminus and the amide oxygen. The experimental results are supported by replica exchange molecular dynamics and density-functional theory and restricted open-shell configuration with single calculations to attribute the transitions responsible for the experimentally observed resonances. We studied five tailor-made glycine-based pentapeptides, where we identified the signature of the protonation site of N-terminal proline, histidine, lysine and arginine, at 406 eV, corresponding to N 1s → σ*(NHx+) (x = 2 or 3) transitions, depending on the peptides. We compared the spectra of pentaglycine and triglycine to evaluate the sensitivity of NEXAMS to protomers. Separate resonances have been identified to distinguish two protomers in triglycine, the protonation site at the N-terminus at 406 eV and the protonation site at the amide oxygen characterized by a transition at 403.1 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Leroux
- CIMAP, CEA/CNRS/ENSICAEN/Université de Caen Normandie, 14050 Caen, France
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Germany.
| | - Amir Kotobi
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Germany.
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Surface Science, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Konstantin Hirsch
- Abteilung Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Lau
- Abteilung Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlos Ortiz-Mahecha
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Polymers and Composites, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitrii Maksimov
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Meißner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Surface Science, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Polymers and Composites, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Mariana Rossi
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Martin Timm
- Abteilung Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Trinter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Isaak Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vicente Zamudio-Bayer
- Abteilung Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sadia Bari
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Germany.
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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6
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Xiong R, Xu L, Tang Y, Cao M, Li H. Identifying the protonation site and the scope of non-proline cis-peptide bond conformations: a first-principles study on protonated oligopeptides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13989-13998. [PMID: 37194311 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00690e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The existence of non-proline cis-peptide bond conformations of protonated triglycine proposed by us has been verified through a recent IR-IR double resonance experiment. However, the scope of such unique structures in protonated oligopeptides and whether protonation at amide oxygen is more stable than that at traditional amino nitrogen remain unsolved. In this study, the most stable conformers of a series of protonated oligopeptides were fully searched. Our findings reveal that the special cis-peptide bond structure appears with high energies for diglycine and is energetically less favored for tetra- and pentapeptides, while it acts as the global minimum only for tripeptides. To explore the formation mechanism of the cis-peptide bond, electrostatic potential analysis, and intramolecular interactions were analyzed. Advanced theoretical calculations confirmed that amino nitrogen is still preferred as the protonated site in most cases except glycylalanylglycine(GAG). The energy difference between the two protonated isomers of GAG is only 0.03 kcal mol-1, indicating that the tripeptide is most likely to be protonated on the amide oxygen first. We also conducted chemical (infrared (IR)) and electronic (X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectra (NEXAFS)) structure calculations of these peptides to identify their notable differences unambiguously. This study thus provides valuable information for exploring the scope of cis-peptide bond conformation and the competition between two different protonated ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials, Ministry of Education, Anhui Graphene Engineering Laboratory, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Li Xu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials, Ministry of Education, Anhui Graphene Engineering Laboratory, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Yong Tang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials, Ministry of Education, Anhui Graphene Engineering Laboratory, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Mengge Cao
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials, Ministry of Education, Anhui Graphene Engineering Laboratory, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Hongbao Li
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials, Ministry of Education, Anhui Graphene Engineering Laboratory, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
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7
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Kotobi A, Schwob L, Vonbun-Feldbauer GB, Rossi M, Gasparotto P, Feiler C, Berden G, Oomens J, Oostenrijk B, Scuderi D, Bari S, Meißner RH. Reconstructing the infrared spectrum of a peptide from representative conformers of the full canonical ensemble. Commun Chem 2023; 6:46. [PMID: 36869192 PMCID: PMC9984374 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00835-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine enkephalin (LeuEnk), a biologically active endogenous opioid pentapeptide, has been under intense investigation because it is small enough to allow efficient use of sophisticated computational methods and large enough to provide insights into low-lying minima of its conformational space. Here, we reproduce and interpret experimental infrared (IR) spectra of this model peptide in gas phase using a combination of replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations, machine learning, and ab initio calculations. In particular, we evaluate the possibility of averaging representative structural contributions to obtain an accurate computed spectrum that accounts for the corresponding canonical ensemble of the real experimental situation. Representative conformers are identified by partitioning the conformational phase space into subensembles of similar conformers. The IR contribution of each representative conformer is calculated from ab initio and weighted according to the population of each cluster. Convergence of the averaged IR signal is rationalized by merging contributions in a hierarchical clustering and the comparison to IR multiple photon dissociation experiments. The improvements achieved by decomposing clusters containing similar conformations into even smaller subensembles is strong evidence that a thorough assessment of the conformational landscape and the associated hydrogen bonding is a prerequisite for deciphering important fingerprints in experimental spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Kotobi
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucas Schwob
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Gregor B. Vonbun-Feldbauer
- grid.6884.20000 0004 0549 1777Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Advanced Ceramics, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariana Rossi
- grid.469852.40000 0004 1796 3508Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Piero Gasparotto
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501Scientific Computing Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Christian Feiler
- grid.24999.3f0000 0004 0541 3699Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Surface Science, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Giel Berden
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Oostenrijk
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany ,grid.9026.d0000 0001 2287 2617The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Debora Scuderi
- grid.503243.3Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR8000, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Sadia Bari
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany. .,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany. .,Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Robert H. Meißner
- grid.24999.3f0000 0004 0541 3699Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Surface Science, Geesthacht, Germany ,grid.6884.20000 0004 0549 1777Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Polymers and Composites, Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Sherman SL, Fischer KC, Garand E. Conformational Changes Induced by Methyl Side-Chains in Protonated Tripeptides Containing Glycine and Alanine Residues. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4036-4045. [PMID: 35700447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We present a systematic study of the conformational and isomeric populations in gas-phase protonated tripeptides containing glycine and alanine residues using infrared predissociation spectroscopy of cryogenically cooled ions. Specifically, the protonated forms of Gly-Gly-Gly, Ala-Gly-Gly, Gly-Ala-Gly, Gly-Gly-Ala, Ala-Ala-Gly, Ala-Gly-Ala, Gly-Ala-Ala, and Ala-Ala-Ala allow us to sample all permutations of the methyl side-chain position, providing a comprehensive view of the effects of this simple side-chain on the 3-D structure of the peptide. The individual structural populations for all but one of these peptide species are determined via conformer-specific IR-IR double-resonance spectroscopy and comparison with electronic structure predictions. The observed structures can be classified into three main families defined by the protonation site and the number of internal hydrogen bonds. The relative contribution of each structural family is highly dependent on the exact amino acid sequence of the tripeptide. These observed changes in structural population can be rationalized in terms of the electron-donating effect of the methyl side-chain modulating the local proton affinities of the amine and various carbonyl groups in the tripeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Summer L Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kaitlyn C Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Etienne Garand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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9
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Carlo MJ, Patrick AL. Infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy and its potential for the clinical laboratory. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2022; 23:14-25. [PMID: 34993503 PMCID: PMC8713122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy is a powerful tool used to probe the vibrational modes-and, by extension, the structure-of an ion within an ion trap mass spectrometer. Compared to traditional FTIR spectroscopy, IRMPD spectroscopy has advantages including its sensitivity and its relative ability to handle complex mixtures. While IRMPD has historically been a technique for fundamental analyses, it is increasingly being applied in a more analytical fashion. Notable recent demonstrations pertinent to the clinical laboratory and adjacent interests include analysis of modified amino acids/residues and carbohydrates, structural elucidation (including isomeric differentiation) of metabolites, identification of novel illicit drugs, and structural studies of various biomolecules and pharmaceuticals. Improvements in analysis time, coupling to commercial instruments, and integration with separations methods are all drivers toward the realization of these analytical applications. Additional improvements in these areas, along with advances in benchtop tunable IR sources and increased cross-discipline collaboration, will continue to drive innovation and widespread adoption. The goal of this tutorial article is to briefly present the fundamentals and instrumentation of IRMPD spectroscopy, as an overview of the utility of this technique for helping to answer questions relevant to clinical analysis, and to highlight limitations to widespread adoption, as well as promising directions in which the field may be heading.
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Key Words
- 2-AEP, 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid
- 2P1EA, 2-phenyl-1-ethanolamine
- CIVP, cryogenic ion vibrational predissociation spectroscopy
- CLIO, Centre Laser Infrarouge d’Orsay
- DFT, density functional theory
- FA, fluoroamphetamine
- FEL, free electron laser
- FELIX, Free Electron Laser for Infrared eXperiments
- FMA, fluoromethamphetamine
- FTICR, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance
- GC–MS, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- GSNO, S- nitro glutathione
- GlcNAc, n-Acetylglucosamine
- IR, infrared
- IR2MS3, infrared-infrared double-resonance multi-stage mass spectrometry
- IRMPD, infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD)
- IRMPD-MS, infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy mass spectrometry
- IRPD, infrared predissociation spectroscopy
- IVR, intramolecular vibrational redistribution
- Infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy
- LC, liquid chromatography
- LC-MS, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
- LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
- MDA, methylenedioxyamphetamine
- MDMA, methylenedioxymethamphetamine
- MMC, methylmethcathinone
- MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometry
- MSn, multi-stage mass spectrometry
- Mass spectrometry
- Metabolites
- NANT, N-acetyl-N-nitrosotryptophan
- OPO/A, optical parametric oscillator/amplifier
- PTM, post-translational modification
- Pharmaceuticals
- Post-translational modifications
- SNOCys, S-nitrosocysteine
- UV, ultraviolet
- UV-IR, ultraviolet-infrared
- Vibrational spectroscopy
- cw, continuous wave
- α-PVP, alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Carlo
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Amanda L. Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
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10
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Coughlan NJA, Fu W, Guna M, Schneider BB, Le Blanc JCY, Campbell JL, Hopkins WS. Electronic spectroscopy of differential mobility-selected prototropic isomers of protonated para-aminobenzoic acid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:20607-20614. [PMID: 34505849 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02120f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
para-Aminobenzoic acid (PABA) was electrosprayed from mixtures of protic and aprotic solvents, leading to formation of two prototropic isomers in the gas phase whose relative populations depended on the composition of the electrospray solvent. The two ion populations were separated in the gas phase using differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) within a nitrogen-only environment at atmospheric pressure. Under high-field conditions, the two prototropic isomers eluted with baseline signal separation with the N-protonated isomer having a more negative CV shift than the O-protonated isomer, in accord with previous DMS studies. The conditions most favorable for formation and separation of each tautomer were used to trap each prototropic isomer in a quadrupole ion trap for photodissociation action spectroscopy experiments. Spectral interrogation of each prototropic isomer in the UV region (3-6 eV) showed good agreement with previously recorded spectra, although a previously reported band (4.8-5.4 eV) was less intense for the O-protonated isomer in our measured spectrum. Without DMS selection, the measured spectra contained features corresponding to both protonated isomers even when solvent conditions were optimised for formation of a single isomer. Interconversion between protonated isomers within the ion trap was observed when protic ESI solvents were employed, leading to spectral cross contamination even with mobility selection. CCSD vertical excitation energies and vertical gradient (VG) Franck-Condon simulations are presented and reproduce the measured spectral features with near-quantitative agreement, providing supporting evidence for spectral assignments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neville J A Coughlan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada. .,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Weiqiang Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada. .,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mircea Guna
- SCIEX, Four Valley Drive, Concord, Ontario, L4K 4V8, Canada
| | | | | | - J Larry Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada. .,Bedrock Scientific Inc., Milton, Ontario, Canada.,WaterMine Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - W Scott Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada. .,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,WaterMine Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong
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11
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Abstract
A systematic conformational search reveals three N- (amino) and eight O- (carbonyl) protonated glycine conformers with benchmark equilibrium(adiabatic) relative energies in the 0.00-7.51(0.00-7.37) and 25.91-31.61(24.45-30.28) kcal mol-1 ranges, respectively. Benchmark ab initio structures of the glycine conformers and its protonated species are obtained at the CCSD(T)-F12b/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory and the relative energy computations consider basis-set effects up to aug-cc-pVQZ with CCSD(T)-F12b, electron correlation up to CCSDT(Q), core correlation corrections, scalar relativistic effects, and zero-point energy contributions. The best predictions for Boltzmann-averaged 0(298.15) K proton affinities and [298.15 K gas-phase basicities] of glycine are 211.00(212.43)[204.75] and 186.38(187.64)[180.21] kcal mol-1 for N- and O-protonation, respectively, in excellent agreement with experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- András B Nacsa
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Computational Reaction Dynamics Research Group, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre and Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary.
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12
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Dörner S, Schwob L, Atak K, Schubert K, Boll R, Schlathölter T, Timm M, Bülow C, Zamudio-Bayer V, von Issendorff B, Lau JT, Techert S, Bari S. Probing Structural Information of Gas-Phase Peptides by Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:670-684. [PMID: 33573373 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Near-edge X-ray absorption mass spectrometry (NEXAMS) is an action-spectroscopy technique of growing interest for investigations into the spatial and electronic structure of biomolecules. It has been used successfully to give insights into different aspects of the photodissociation of peptides and to probe the conformation of proteins. It is a current question whether the fragmentation pathways are sensitive toward effects of conformational isomerism, tautomerism, and intramolecular interactions in gas-phase peptides. To address this issue, we studied the cationic fragments of cryogenically cooled gas-phase leucine enkephalin ([LeuEnk+H]+) and methionine enkephalin ([MetEnk+H]+) produced upon soft X-ray photon absorption at the carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen K-edges. The interpretation of the experimental ion yield spectra was supported by density-functional theory and restricted-open-shell configuration interaction with singles (DFT/ROCIS) calculations. The analysis revealed several effects that could not be rationalized based on the peptide's amino acid sequences alone. Clear differences between the partial ion yields measured for both peptides upon C 1s → π*(C═C) excitations in the aromatic amino acid side chains give evidence for a sulfur-aromatic interaction between the methionine and phenylalanine side chain of [MetEnk+H]+. Furthermore, a peak associated with N 1s → π*(C═N) transitions, linked to a tautomeric keto-to-enol conversion of peptide bonds, was only present in the photon energy resolved ion yield spectra of [MetEnk+H]+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Dörner
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucas Schwob
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kaan Atak
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kaja Schubert
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Boll
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Schlathölter
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Timm
- Abteilung Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Bülow
- Abteilung Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vicente Zamudio-Bayer
- Abteilung Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd von Issendorff
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Tobias Lau
- Abteilung Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simone Techert
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Röntgenphysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sadia Bari
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Cao H, Li B, Jiang X, Zhu X, Kong XZ. Fluorescent linear polyurea based on toluene diisocyanate: Easy preparation, broad emission and potential applications. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2020; 399:125867. [PMID: 32572332 PMCID: PMC7292956 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.125867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to conventional fluorescent polymers featured by large conjugation structures, a new class of fluorescent polymers without above conjugations are gaining constant interest owing to their significant academic importance and promising applications in diverse fields. These unconventional fluorescent polymers are in general composed of heteroatoms (e.g. N, O, P, and S) under different forms. Here we report our recent study on polyurea, prepared by a very simple one step precipitation polymerization of toluene diisocyanate in a binary solvent of water-acetone. This polyurea, basically consisting of phenyl ring and urea group, shows fluorescent emission in a broad concentration range, from very low (10-5 mg/mL) to its solubility limit (50 mg/mL), and in a wide range of emission wavelength from UV to visible regions of up to 500 nm under varied excitation wavelength. The emission behaviors were fully studied under different concentrations and excitations. It was concluded that the emission in UV region was intrinsic due to the conjugation between the phenyl and the adjacent urea unit; while the emission in visible region, strongly excitation dependent, was caused by the cluster formation of the molecular chains, in accordance with the cluster-triggered-emission (CTE) mechanism. The formation of the cluster was tested through dynamic light scattering, FTIR and UV absorbance. Tested in presence of different metal ions, Fe3+ demonstrated a quenching effect with high selectivity. Based on this study, different paper-based sensors were designed to detect Fe3+, H2O2 in bioanalysis and for data encryption. This work provides a simple way to prepare a polyurea, a novel type of unconventional fluorescent polymer, with high emission performance distinct from its known analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
- Québec Center for Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K2R1, Canada
| | - Xubao Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiang Zheng Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
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14
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Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for monitoring proteolytic reactions using dry-films treated with trifluoroacetic acid. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7844. [PMID: 32398689 PMCID: PMC7217958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we explore the potential of using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of trifluoroacetate-protein and peptide complexes for monitoring proteolytic reactions. The idea of treating dry-films of protein hydrolysates with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) prior to FTIR analysis is based on the unique properties of TFA. By adding a large excess of TFA to protein hydrolysate samples, the possible protonation sites of the proteins and peptides will be saturated. In addition, TFA has a low boiling point when protonated as well as complex-forming abilities. When forming TFA-treated dry-films of protein hydrolysates, the excess TFA will evaporate and the deprotonated acid (CF3COO−) will interact as a counter ion with the positive charges on the sample materials. In the study, spectral changes in TFA-treated dry-films of protein hydrolysates from a pure protein and poultry by-products, were compared to the FTIR fingerprints of untreated dry-films. The results show that time-dependent information related to proteolytic reactions and, consequently, on the characteristics of the protein hydrolysates can be obtained. With additional developments, FTIR on dry-films treated with TFA may be regarded as a potential future tool for the analysis of all types of proteolytic reactions in the laboratory as well as in industry.
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15
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Persaud RR, Dieke NE, Jing X, Lambert S, Parsa N, Hartmann E, Vincent JB, Cassady CJ, Dixon DA. Mechanistic Study of Enhanced Protonation by Chromium(III) in Electrospray Ionization: A Superacid Bound to a Peptide. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:308-318. [PMID: 32031389 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Addition of trivalent chromium, Cr(III), to solutions undergoing electrospray ionization (ESI) enhances protonation and leads to formation of [M + 2H]2+ for peptides that normally produce [M + H]+. This effect is explored using electronic structure calculations at the density functional theory (DFT) level to predict the energetics of various species that are potentially important to the mechanism. Gas- and solution-phase reaction free energies for glycine and its anion reacting with [Cr(III)(H2O)6]3+ and for dehydration of these species have been predicted, where glycine is used as a simple model for a peptide. For comparison, calculations were also performed with Fe(III), Al(III), Sc(III), Y(III), and La(III). Removal of water from these complexes, as would occur during the ESI desolvation process, results in species that are highly acidic. The calculated pKa of Cr(III) with a single solvation shell is -10.8, making [Cr(III)(H2O)6]3+ a superacid that is more acidic than sulfuric acid (pKa = -8.8). Binding to glycine requires removal of two aqua ligands, which gives [Cr(III)(H2O)4]3+ that has an extremely acidic pKa of -28.8. Removal of additional water further enhances acidity, reaching a pKa of -84.7 for [Cr(III)(H2O)]3+. A mechanism for enhanced protonation is proposed that incorporates computational and experiment results, as well as information on the known chemistry of Cr(III), which is substitutionally inert. The initial step involves binding of [Cr(III)(H2O)4]3+ to the deprotonated C-terminus of a peptide. As the drying process during ESI strips water from the complex, the resulting superacid transfers protons to the bound peptide, eventually leading to formation of [M + 2H]2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudradatt R Persaud
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487-0336 , United States
| | - Nnenna E Dieke
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487-0336 , United States
| | - Xinyao Jing
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487-0336 , United States
| | - Skyler Lambert
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487-0336 , United States
| | - Nicholas Parsa
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487-0336 , United States
| | - Elizabeth Hartmann
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487-0336 , United States
| | - John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487-0336 , United States
| | - Carolyn J Cassady
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487-0336 , United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487-0336 , United States
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16
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Yatsyna V, Mallat R, Gorn T, Schmitt M, Feifel R, Rijs AM, Zhaunerchyk V. Conformational Preferences of Isolated Glycylglycine (Gly-Gly) Investigated with IRMPD-VUV Action Spectroscopy and Advanced Computational Approaches. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:862-872. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b10881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasyl Yatsyna
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Radboud University, Institute of Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernoovield 7-c, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ranim Mallat
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tim Gorn
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie I, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Raimund Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anouk M. Rijs
- Radboud University, Institute of Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernoovield 7-c, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vitali Zhaunerchyk
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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17
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Fischer KC, Voss JM, Zhou J, Garand E. Probing Solvation-Induced Structural Changes in Conformationally Flexible Peptides: IR Spectroscopy of Gly3H+·(H2O). J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:8213-8221. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b07546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn C. Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jonathan M. Voss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Etienne Garand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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18
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Klyne J, Bouchet A, Ishiuchi SI, Fujii M, Dopfer O. Cation-Size-Dependent Conformational Locking of Glutamic Acid by Alkali Ions: Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy of Cryogenic Ions. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2295-2306. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Klyne
- Institut
für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aude Bouchet
- Institut
für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Laboratory
for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovation Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, 226-8503 Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shun-ichi Ishiuchi
- Laboratory
for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovation Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, 226-8503 Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masaaki Fujii
- Laboratory
for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovation Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, 226-8503 Yokohama, Japan
| | - Otto Dopfer
- Institut
für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Batoon P, Oomens J, Berden G, Ren J. Conformations of Protonated AlaDap and DapAla Characterized by IRMPD Spectroscopy and Molecular Modeling. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2191-2202. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b10435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Batoon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Jos Oomens
- FELIX
Laboratory, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Giel Berden
- FELIX
Laboratory, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianhua Ren
- Department
of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, California 95211, United States
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20
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Trovatti E, Tang H, Hajian A, Meng Q, Gandini A, Berglund LA, Zhou Q. Enhancing strength and toughness of cellulose nanofibril network structures with an adhesive peptide. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 181:256-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Li H, Jiang J, Luo Y. Identification of the protonation site of gaseous triglycine: the cis-peptide bond conformation as the global minimum. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15030-15038. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01997a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extensive ab initio investigations have been performed to characterize stable conformers of protonated triglycine (GGGH) in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbao Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- China
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22
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Cheng X, Herr JD, Steele RP. Accelerating Ab Initio Path Integral Simulations via Imaginary Multiple-Timestepping. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:1627-38. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Herr
- Department of Chemistry and Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Ryan P. Steele
- Department of Chemistry and Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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23
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Marsh BM, Voss JM, Garand E. A dual cryogenic ion trap spectrometer for the formation and characterization of solvated ionic clusters. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:204201. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4936360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brett M. Marsh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Voss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Etienne Garand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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24
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Bouchoux G. Gas-phase basicities of polyfunctional molecules. Part 4: Carbonyl groups as basic sites. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:493-534. [PMID: 24399766 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This article constitutes the fourth part of a general review of the gas-phase protonation thermochemistry of polyfunctional molecules (Part 1: Theory and methods, Mass Spectrom Rev 2007, 26:775-835, Part 2: Saturated basic sites, Mass Spectrom Rev 2012, 31:353-390, Part 3: Amino acids, Mass Spectrom Rev 2012, 31:391-435). This fourth part is devoted to carbonyl containing polyfunctional molecules. After a short reminder of the methods of determination of gas-phase basicity and the underlying physicochemical concepts, specific examples are examined under two major chapters. In the first one, aliphatic and unsaturated (conjugated and cyclic) ketones, diketones, ketoalcohols, and ketoethers are considered. A second chapter describes the protonation energetic of gaseous acids and derivatives including diacids, diesters, diamides, anhydrides, imides, ureas, carbamates, amino acid derivatives, and peptides. Experimental data were re-evaluated according to the presently adopted basicity scale. Structural and energetic information given by G3 and G4 quantum chemistry computations on typical systems are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Bouchoux
- Département de Chimie, Laboratoire des Mécanismes Réactionnels, Ecole Polytechnique, 91120, Palaiseau, France
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25
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Feng C, Commodore JJ, Cassady CJ. The use of chromium(III) to supercharge peptides by protonation at low basicity sites. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:347-58. [PMID: 25395012 PMCID: PMC4323856 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-1020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The addition of chromium(III) nitrate to solutions of peptides with seven or more residues greatly increases the formation of doubly protonated peptides, [M + 2H](2+), by electrospray ionization. The test compound heptaalanine has only one highly basic site (the N-terminal amino group) and undergoes almost exclusive single protonation using standard solvents. When Cr(III) is added to the solution, abundant [M + 2H](2+) forms, which involves protonation of the peptide backbone or the C-terminus. Salts of Al(III), Mn(II), Fe(III), Fe(II), Cu(II), Zn (II), Rh(III), La(III), Ce(IV), and Eu(III) were also studied. Although several metal ions slightly enhance protonation, Cr(III) has by far the greatest ability to generate [M + 2H](2+). Cr(III) does not supercharge peptide methyl esters, which suggests that the mechanism involves interaction of Cr(III) with a carboxylic acid group. Other factors may include the high acidity of hexa-aquochromium(III) and the resistance of Cr(III) to reduction. Nitrate salts enhance protonation more than chloride salts and a molar ratio of 10:1 Cr(III):peptide produces the most intense [M + 2H](2+). Cr(III) also supercharges numerous other small peptides, including highly acidic species. For basic peptides, Cr(III) increases the charge state (2+ versus 1+) and causes the number of peptide molecules being protonated to double or triple. Chromium(III) does not supercharge the proteins cytochrome c and myoglobin. The ability of Cr(III) to enhance [M + 2H](2+) intensity may prove useful in tandem mass spectrometry because of the resulting overall increase in signal-to-noise ratio, the fact that [M + 2H](2+) generally dissociate more readily than [M + H](+), and the ability to produce [M + 2H](2+) precursors for electron-based dissociation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changgeng Feng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | | | - Carolyn J. Cassady
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
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26
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Marsh BM, Zhou J, Garand E. Vibrational spectroscopy of isolated copper(ii) complexes with deprotonated triglycine and tetraglycine peptides. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09655j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The gas-phase vibrational predissociation spectra of deprotonated copper–triglycine and deprotonated copper–tetraglycine are presented and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett M. Marsh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Wisconsin
- Madison
- USA
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Wisconsin
- Madison
- USA
| | - Etienne Garand
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Wisconsin
- Madison
- USA
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27
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Auerbach D, Aspenleiter J, Volmer DA. Description of gas-phase ion/neutral interactions in differential ion mobility spectrometry: CV prediction using calibration runs. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:1610-1621. [PMID: 24927778 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Differential ion mobility spectrometry (DMS) coupled to mass spectrometry is increasingly used in both quantitative analyses of biological samples and as a means of removing background interferences for enhanced selectivity and improved quality of mass spectra. However, DMS separation efficiency using dry inert gases often lacks the required selectivity to achieve baseline separation. Polar gas-phase modifiers such as alcohols are therefore frequently employed to improve selectivity via clustering/declustering processes. The choice of an optimal modifier currently relies on trial and error experiments, making method development a tedious activity. It was the goal of this study to establish a means of CV prediction for compounds using a homologous series of alcohols as gas-phase modifiers. This prediction was based on linear regression of compensation voltages of two calibration runs for the alcohols with the lowest and the highest molecular weights and readily available descriptors such as proton affinity and gas phase acidity of the modifier molecules. All experiments were performed on a commercial quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer equipped with a DMS device between electrospray ionization source and entrance quadrupole lens. We evaluated our approach using a homologous series of 4-alkylbenzoic acids and a selection of 23 small molecules of high chemical diversity. Predicted CV values typically deviated from the experimentally determined values by less than 0.5 V. Several test compounds changed their ion mobility behavior for the investigated gas phase modifiers (e.g., from type B to type A) and thus could thus not be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Auerbach
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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28
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Langer J, Günther A, Seidenbecher S, Berden G, Oomens J, Dopfer O. Probing protonation sites of isolated flavins using IR spectroscopy: from lumichrome to the cofactor flavin mononucleotide. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:2550-62. [PMID: 24895155 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Infrared spectra of the isolated protonated flavin molecules lumichrome, lumiflavin, riboflavin (vitamin B2), and the biologically important cofactor flavin mononucleotide are measured in the fingerprint region (600-1850 cm(-1)) by means of IR multiple-photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy. Using density functional theory calculations, the geometries, relative energies, and linear IR absorption spectra of several low-energy isomers are calculated. Comparison of the calculated IR spectra with the measured IRMPD spectra reveals that the N10 substituent on the isoalloxazine ring influences the protonation site of the flavin. Lumichrome, with a hydrogen substituent, is only stable as the N1-protonated tautomer and protonates at N5 of the pyrazine ring. The presence of the ribityl unit in riboflavin leads to protonation at N1 of the pyrimidinedione moiety, and methyl substitution in lumiflavin stabilizes the tautomer that is protonated at O2. In contrast, flavin mononucleotide exists as both the O2- and N1-protonated tautomers. The frequencies and relative intensities of the two C=O stretch vibrations in protonated flavins serve as reliable indicators for their protonation site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Langer
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Hardenbergstraße 36, D-10623 Berlin (Germany); Current address: Parque Tecnologico de San Sebastian, Paseo Miramon 182, Edif C, 20009 San Sebastian (Spain)
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29
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Marsh BM, Duffy EM, Soukup MT, Zhou J, Garand E. Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding Motifs in Deprotonated Glycine Peptides by Cryogenic Ion Infrared Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:3906-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jp501936b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett M. Marsh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Erin M. Duffy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael T. Soukup
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Etienne Garand
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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30
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Wei Z, Chen D, Zhao H, Li Y, Zhu J, Liu B. Ab initio investigation of the first hydration shell of protonated glycine. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:085103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4862985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Redondo P, Martínez H, Cimas A, Barrientos C, Largo A. Computational study of peptide bond formation in the gas phase through ion-molecule reactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 15:13005-12. [PMID: 23817675 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51535d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A computational study of peptide bond formation from gas-phase ion-molecule reactions has been carried out. We have considered the reaction between protonated glycine and neutral glycine, as well as the reaction between two neutral glycine molecules for comparison purposes. Two different mechanisms, concerted and stepwise, were studied. Both mechanisms show significant energy barriers for the neutral reaction. The energy requirements for peptide bond formation are considerably reduced upon protonation of one of the glycine molecules. For the reaction between neutral glycine and N-protonated glycine the lowest energy barrier is observed for the concerted mechanism. For the reaction between neutral glycine and protonated glycine at carbonyl oxygen, the preferred mechanism is the stepwise one, with a relatively small energy barrier (23 kJ mol(-1) at 0 K) and leading to the lowest-lying protonated glycylglycine isomer. In the case that the reaction could be initiated by protonated glycine at hydroxyl oxygen the process would be barrier-free and clearly exothermic. In that case peptide bond formation could take place even under interstellar conditions if glycine is present in space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Redondo
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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32
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Ziegler BE, Marta RA, Burt MB, Martens SM, Martens JK, McMahon TB. Structural investigation of protonated azidothymidine and protonated dimer. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:176-185. [PMID: 24306778 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy experiments and quantum chemical calculations have been used to explore the possible structures of protonated azidothymidine and the corresponding protonated dimer. Many interesting differences between the protonated and neutral forms of azidothymidine were found, particularly associated with keto-enol tautomerization. Comparison of computational vibrational and the experimental IMRPD spectra show good agreement and give confidence that the dominant protonated species has been identified. The protonated dimer of azidothymidine exhibits three intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The IRMPD spectrum of the protonated dimer is consistent with the spectrum of the most stable computational structure. This work brings to light interesting keto-enol tautomerization and exocyclic hydrogen bonding involving azidothymidine and its protonated dimer. The fact that one dominant protonated species is observed in the gas phase, despite both the keto and enol structures being similar in energy, is proposed to be the direct result of the electrospray ionization process in which the dominant protonated dimer structure dissociates in the most energetically favorable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake E Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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33
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Smith AJ, Ali FI, Soldatov DV. Glycine homopeptides: the effect of the chain length on the crystal structure and solid state reactivity. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00630e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of linear oligoglycines has been studied to reveal the trends in their crystal structure, molecular conformation and thermally induced reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Guelph
- Guelph, Canada
| | - Farukh I. Ali
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Guelph
- Guelph, Canada
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34
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35
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Dunbar RC. Spectroscopy of Metal-Ion Complexes with Peptide-Related Ligands. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2014; 364:183-223. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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36
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Kim JY, Ahn DS, Park SW, Lee S. Gas phase hydration of amino acids and dipeptides: effects on the relative stability of zwitterion vs. canonical conformers. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01217h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the effects of explicit water molecules on the structures of amino acids and dipeptides, focusing on the relative stability of canonical vs. zwitterionic conformers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Applied Sciences
- Kyung Hee University
- Kyungki 446-701, S. Korea
| | - Doo-Sik Ahn
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Applied Sciences
- Kyung Hee University
- Kyungki 446-701, S. Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Applied Sciences
- Kyung Hee University
- Kyungki 446-701, S. Korea
| | - Sungyul Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Applied Sciences
- Kyung Hee University
- Kyungki 446-701, S. Korea
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38
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Dean JC, Buchanan EG, Zwier TS. Mixed 14/16 Helices in the Gas Phase: Conformation-Specific Spectroscopy of Z-(Gly)n, n = 1, 3, 5. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:17186-201. [PMID: 23039317 DOI: 10.1021/ja306652c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob C. Dean
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084,
United States
| | - Evan G. Buchanan
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084,
United States
| | - Timothy S. Zwier
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084,
United States
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39
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Martens SM, Marta RA, Martens JK, McMahon TB. Consecutive fragmentation mechanisms of protonated ferulic acid probed by infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy and electronic structure calculations. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2012; 23:1697-1706. [PMID: 22864827 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-012-0438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Protonated ferulic acid and its principle fragment ion have been characterized using infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy and electronic structure calculations at the B3LYP/6-311 + G(d,p) level of theory. Due to its extensively conjugated structure, protonated ferulic acid is observed to yield three stable fragment ions in IRMPD experiments. It is proposed that two parallel fragmentation pathways of protonated ferulic acid are being observed. The first pathway involves proton transfer, resulting in the loss of water and subsequently carbon monoxide, producing fragment ions m/z 177 and 149, respectively. Optimization of m/z 177 yields a species containing an acylium group, which is supported by a diagnostic peak in the IRMPD spectrum at 2168 cm(-1). The second pathway involves an alternate proton transfer leading to loss of methanol and rearrangement to a five-membered ring.
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40
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Filippi A, Fraschetti C, Piccirillo S, Rondino F, Botta B, D'Acquarica I, Calcaterra A, Speranza M. Chirality effects on the IRMPD spectra of basket resorcinarene/nucleoside complexes. Chemistry 2012; 18:8320-8. [PMID: 22696428 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The IRMPD spectra of the ESI-formed proton-bound complexes of the R,R,R,R- and S,S,S,S-enantiomers of a bis(diamido)-bridged basket resorcin[4]arene (R and S) with cytosine (1), cytidine (2), and cytarabine (3) were measured in the region 2800-3600 cm(-1). Comparison of the IRMPD spectra with the corresponding ONIOM (B3LYP/6-31(d):UFF)-calculated absorption frequencies allowed the assessment of the vibrational modes that are responsible for the observed spectroscopic features. All of the complexes investigated, apart from [R⋅H⋅3](+), showed similar IRMPD spectra, which points to similar structural and conformational landscapes. Their IRMPD spectra agree with the formation of several isomeric structures in the ESI source, wherein the N(3)-protonated guest establishes noncovalent interactions with the host amidocarbonyl groups that are either oriented inside the host cavity or outside it between one of the bridged side-chains and the upper aromatic nucleus. The IRMPD spectrum of the [R⋅H⋅3](+) complex was clearly different from the others. This difference is attributed to the effect of intramolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions between the C(2')-OH group and the aglycone oxygen atom of the nucleosidic guest upon repulsive interactions between the same oxygen atom and the aromatic rings of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Filippi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
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41
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Leavitt CM, Wolk AB, Fournier JA, Kamrath MZ, Garand E, Van Stipdonk MJ, Johnson MA. Isomer-Specific IR-IR Double Resonance Spectroscopy of D2-Tagged Protonated Dipeptides Prepared in a Cryogenic Ion Trap. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:1099-105. [PMID: 26288043 DOI: 10.1021/jz3003074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Isomer-specific vibrational predissociation spectra are reported for the gas-phase GlySarH(+) and SarSarH(+) [Gly = glycine; Sar = sarcosine] ions prepared by electrospray ionization and tagged with weakly bound D2 adducts using a cryogenic ion trap. The contributions of individual isomers to the overlapping vibrational band patterns are completely isolated using a pump-probe photochemical hole-burning scheme involving two tunable infrared lasers and two stages of mass selection (hence IR(2)MS(2)). These patterns are then assigned by comparison with harmonic (MP2/6-311+G(d,p)) spectra for various possible conformers. Both systems occur in two conformations based on cis and trans configurations with respect to the amide bond. In addition to the usual single intramolecular hydrogen bond motif between the protonated amine and the nearby amide oxygen atom, cis-SarSarH(+) adopts a previous unreported conformation in which both amino NH's act as H-bond donors. The correlated red shifts in the NH donor and C═O acceptor components of the NH···O═C linkage to the acid group are unambiguously assigned in the double H-bonded conformer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Leavitt
- †Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Arron B Wolk
- †Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Joseph A Fournier
- †Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Michael Z Kamrath
- †Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Etienne Garand
- †Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Michael J Van Stipdonk
- ‡Department of Chemistry, Lawrence University, 711 East Boldt Way, Appleton, Wisconsin 54911, United States
| | - Mark A Johnson
- †Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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42
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Armentrout PB, Heaton AL. Thermodynamics and mechanisms of protonated diglycine decomposition: a computational study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2012; 23:621-631. [PMID: 21952767 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-011-0224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present a full computational description of the fragmentation reactions of protonated diglycine (H(+)GG). Relaxed potential energy surface scans performed at B3LYP/6-31 G(d) or B3LYP/6-311 + G(d,p) levels are used to map the reaction coordinate surfaces and identify the transition states (TSs) and intermediate reaction species for seven reactions observed experimentally in the succeeding companion paper. All structures are optimized at the B3LYP/6-311 + G(d,p) level, with single point energies of the key optimized structures calculated at B3LYP and MP2(full) levels using a 6-311 + G(2 d,2p) basis set. These theoretical structures and energies are compared with extensive calculations in the literature. Although the pathways elucidated here are generally in agreement with those previously outlined, new details and, for some reactions, lower energy transition states are located. Further, the mechanism for the combined loss of carbon monoxide and ammonia is explored for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Armentrout
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA,
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43
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Infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy of ciprofloxacin: Investigation of the protonation site. Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Moss CL, Chamot-Rooke J, Nicol E, Brown J, Campuzano I, Richardson K, Williams JP, Bush MF, Bythell B, Paizs B, Turecek F. Assigning Structures to Gas-Phase Peptide Cations and Cation-Radicals. An Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation, Ion Mobility, Electron Transfer, and Computational Study of a Histidine Peptide Ion. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:3445-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3000784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Moss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700,
Seattle, Washington 981915-1700, United States
| | - Julia Chamot-Rooke
- Laboratoire des Mécanismes
Réactionnels, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
| | - Edith Nicol
- Laboratoire des Mécanismes
Réactionnels, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
| | - Jeffery Brown
- Waters Corporation, Floats Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester,
M23 9LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Campuzano
- Waters Corporation, Floats Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester,
M23 9LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Richardson
- Waters Corporation, Floats Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester,
M23 9LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P. Williams
- Waters Corporation, Floats Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester,
M23 9LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew F. Bush
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700,
Seattle, Washington 981915-1700, United States
| | | | - Bela Paizs
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - Frantisek Turecek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Bagley Hall, Box 351700,
Seattle, Washington 981915-1700, United States
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45
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Balaj OP, Semrouni D, Steinmetz V, Nicol E, Clavaguéra C, Ohanessian G. Structure of Sodiated Polyglycines. Chemistry 2012; 18:4583-92. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Shokri A, Schmidt J, Wang XB, Kass SR. Hydrogen Bonded Arrays: The Power of Multiple Hydrogen Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:2094-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2081907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shokri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455,
United States
| | - Jacob Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455,
United States
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-88 Richland, Washington 99352, United States, and Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Steven R. Kass
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455,
United States
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47
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Leavitt CM, Wolk AB, Kamrath MZ, Garand E, Van Stipdonk MJ, Johnson MA. Characterizing the intramolecular H-bond and secondary structure in methylated GlyGlyH+ with H2 predissociation spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2011; 22:1941-1952. [PMID: 21952771 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-011-0228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report vibrational predissociation spectra of the four protonated dipeptides derived from glycine and sarcosine, GlyGlyH(+)•(H(2))(1,2), GlySarH(+)•(D(2))(2), SarGlyH(+)•(H(2))(2), and SarSarH(+)•(D(2))(2), generated in a cryogenic ion trap. Sharp bands were recovered by monitoring photoevaporation of the weakly bound H(2) (D(2)) molecules in a linear action regime throughout the 700-4200 cm(-1) range using a table-top laser system. The spectral patterns were analyzed in the context of the low energy structures obtained from electronic structure calculations. These results indicate that all four species are protonated on the N-terminus, and feature an intramolecular H-bond involving the amino group. The large blue-shift in the H-bonded N-H fundamental upon incorporation of a methyl group at the N-terminus indicates that this modification significantly lowers the strength of the intramolecular H-bond. Methylation at the amide nitrogen, on the other hand, induces a significant rotation (~110°) about the peptide backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Leavitt
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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48
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Sinha RK, Erlekam U, Bythell BJ, Paizs B, Maître P. Diagnosing the protonation site of b2 peptide fragment ions using IRMPD in the X-H (X = O, N, and C) stretching region. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2011; 22:1645-1650. [PMID: 21953267 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-011-0173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Charge-directed fragmentation has been shown to be the prevalent dissociation step for protonated peptides under the low-energy activation (eV) regime. Thus, the determination of the ion structure and, in particular, the characterization of the protonation site(s) of peptides and their fragments is a key approach to substantiate and refine peptide fragmentation mechanisms. Here we report on the characterization of the protonation site of oxazolone b(2) ions formed in collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the doubly protonated tryptic model-peptide YIGSR. In support of earlier work, here we provide complementary IR spectra in the 2800-3800 cm(-1) range acquired on a table-top laser system. Combining this tunable laser with a high power CO(2) laser to improve spectroscopic sensitivity, well resolved bands are observed, with an excellent correspondence to the IR absorption bands of the ring-protonated oxazolone isomer as predicted by quantum chemical calculations. In particular, it is shown that a band at 3445 cm(-1), corresponding to the asymmetric N-H stretch of the (nonprotonated) N-terminal NH(2) group, is a distinct vibrational signature of the ring-protonated oxazolone structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev K Sinha
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris Sud, UMR8000 CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, Bât. 350, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
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Kamrath MZ, Garand E, Jordan PA, Leavitt CM, Wolk AB, Van Stipdonk MJ, Miller SJ, Johnson MA. Vibrational characterization of simple peptides using cryogenic infrared photodissociation of H2-tagged, mass-selected ions. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:6440-8. [PMID: 21449591 PMCID: PMC3099397 DOI: 10.1021/ja200849g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We present infrared photodissociation spectra of two protonated peptides that are cooled in a ~10 K quadrupole ion trap and "tagged" with weakly bound H(2) molecules. Spectra are recorded over the range of 600-4300 cm(-1) using a table-top laser source, and are shown to result from one-photon absorption events. This arrangement is demonstrated to recover sharp (Δν ~6 cm(-1)) transitions throughout the fingerprint region, despite the very high density of vibrational states in this energy range. The fundamentals associated with all of the signature N-H and C=O stretching bands are completely resolved. To address the site-specificity of the C=O stretches near 1800 cm(-1), we incorporated one (13)C into the tripeptide. The labeling affects only one line in the complex spectrum, indicating that each C=O oscillator contributes a single distinct band, effectively "reporting" its local chemical environment. For both peptides, analysis of the resulting band patterns indicates that only one isomeric form is generated upon cooling the ions initially at room temperature into the H(2) tagging regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Z. Kamrath
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - Etienne Garand
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - Peter A. Jordan
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - Christopher M. Leavitt
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - Arron B. Wolk
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | | | - Scott J. Miller
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - Mark A. Johnson
- Sterling Chemistry Laboratory, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
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Armentrout PB, Heaton AL, Ye SJ. Thermodynamics and Mechanisms for Decomposition of Protonated Glycine and Its Protonated Dimer. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:11144-55. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2025939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. B. Armentrout
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - A. L. Heaton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - S. J. Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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