1
|
Jiang T, Maddalena L, Gomez J, Carosio F, Fina A. Polyelectrolytes Enabled Reduced Graphite Oxide Water Dispersions: Effects of the Structure, Molecular Weight, and Charge Density. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194165. [PMID: 36236113 PMCID: PMC9573485 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyelectrolyte (PE)-based water dispersion of graphene-related materials (GRMs) represents an interesting intermediate for the development of advanced materials by sustainable processes. Although the proof of concept has been demonstrated, there is a lack of knowledge for what concerns the effects of parameters typical of PEs such as functionalization, molecular weight, and charge density. In this work, we evaluate the effects of such parameters on the quality and long-term stability of reduced graphite oxide (rGO) dispersion in aqueous media prepared by ultrasound sonication in the presence of different PEs. Four PEs were evaluated: polyacrylic acid (PAA), branched poly(ethylenimine) (BPEI), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PSS). The prepared dispersions were thoroughly characterized by means of UV-visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering, and Raman spectroscopy. The highest concentrations of rGO were achieved by BPEI with a molecular weight of 25,000 and 270,000 Da (33 and 26 µg/mL, respectively). For other PEs, the rGO concentration was found to be independent of the molecular weight. The PAA-based dispersions displayed the best through-time stability while yielding homogeneous dispersion with a smaller average size and narrower size distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Jiang
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria Campus, V.le Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Lorenza Maddalena
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria Campus, V.le Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Julio Gomez
- AVANZARE Innovacion Tecnologica S.L., 26370 Navarrete, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Federico Carosio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria Campus, V.le Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alberto Fina
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria Campus, V.le Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Zheng Y, Sheng L, Zhao J, Li Y. Ultra-tough and highly ordered macroscopic fiber assembly from 2D functional metal oxide nanosheet liquid crystals and strong ionic interlayer bridging. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:1374-1383. [PMID: 31872852 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08918g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Macroscopic assembly of 2D nanomaterials, especially for the one-dimensional macroscopic ordered fiber assembly from 2D liquid crystals (LCs), is rising to an unprecedented height and will continue to be an important topic in materials. However, this case of 2D functional metal oxide nanosheets is quite challenging. For the first time, the high-performance tungstate macroscopic fiber has been realized through an LC wet-spinning process involving the formation of LC colloid with spinnability and performance improvement by interlayer bridging in macroscopic assembly. The resultant macroscopic fiber yields record high tensile strength (198.5 MPa) and fracture toughness (3.0 MJ m-3) owing to their highly ordered structure and strong ionic interlayer bridging. Despite the intrinsically weak mechanical strength of the nanosheets, with only a few percent of graphene, the fibers manifest mechanical properties comparable to that of graphene fibers. Inspired by this concept, the possible macroscopic fibers assembled from other 2D functional metal oxide nanosheets will become a reality in the near future, holding great promise in aerospace and wearable applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalei Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Lyotropic liquid crystals from colloidal particles have been known for more than a century, but have attracted a revived interest over the last few years. This is due to the developments in nanoscience and nanotechnology, where the liquid crystal order can be exploited to orient and reorient the anisotropic colloids, thus enabling, increasing and switching the preferential properties of the nanoparticles. In particular, carbon-based colloids like carbon nanotubes and graphene/graphene–oxide have increasingly been studied with respect to their lyotropic liquid crystalline properties over the recent years. We critically review aspects of lyotropic graphene oxide liquid crystal with respect to properties and behavior which seem to be generally established, but also discuss those effects that are largely unfamiliar so far, or as of yet of controversial experimental or theoretical outcome.
Collapse
|
4
|
Tan Y, Wang L, Xiao J, Zhang X, Wang Y, Liu C, Zhang H, Liu C, Xia Y, Sui K. Synchronous enhancement and stabilization of graphene oxide liquid crystals: Inductive effect of sodium alginates in different concentration zones. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
5
|
Padmajan Sasikala S, Lim J, Kim IH, Jung HJ, Yun T, Han TH, Kim SO. Graphene oxide liquid crystals: a frontier 2D soft material for graphene-based functional materials. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:6013-6045. [PMID: 30009312 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00299a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Graphene, despite being the best known strong and electrical/thermal conductive material, has found limited success in practical applications, mostly due to difficulties in the formation of desired large-scale highly organized structures. Our discovery of a liquid crystalline phase formation in graphene oxide dispersion has enabled a broad spectrum of highly aligned graphene-based structures, including films, fibers, membranes, and mesoscale structures. In this review, the current understanding of the structure-property relationship of graphene oxide liquid crystals (GOLCs) is overviewed. Various synthetic methods and parameters that can be optimized for GOLC phase formation are highlighted. Along with the results from different characterization methods for the identification of the GOLC phases, the typical characteristics of different types of GOLC phases introduced so far, including nematic, lamellar and chiral phases, are carefully discussed. Finally, various interesting applications of GOLCs are outlined together with the future prospects for their further developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suchithra Padmajan Sasikala
- National Creative Research Initiative Centre for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
High Efficient Reduction of Graphene Oxide via Nascent Hydrogen at Room Temperature. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11030340. [PMID: 29495450 PMCID: PMC5872919 DOI: 10.3390/ma11030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To develop a green and efficient method to synthesize graphene in relative milder conditions is prerequisite for graphene applications. A chemical reducing method has been developed to high efficiently reduce graphene oxide (GO) using Fe2O3 and NH3BH3 as catalyst and reductants, respectively. During the process, environmental and strong reductive nascent hydrogen were generated surrounding the surface of GO sheets by catalyst hydrolysis reaction of NH3BH3 and were used for reduction of GO. The reduction process was studied by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrum. The structure and morphology of the reduced GO were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Compared to metal (Mg/Fe/Zn/Al) particles and acid system which also use nascent hydrogen to reduce GO, this method exhibited higher reduction efficiency (43.6%). Also the reduction was carried out at room temperature condition, which is environmentally friendly. As a supercapacitor electrode, the reversible capacity of reduced graphene oxide was 113.8 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and the capacitance retention still remained at 90% after 200 cycles. This approach provides a new method to reduce GO with high reduction efficiency by green reductant.
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu Y, Xu Z, Gao W, Cheng Z, Gao C. Graphene and Other 2D Colloids: Liquid Crystals and Macroscopic Fibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1606794. [PMID: 28233348 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional colloidal nanomaterials are running into renaissance after the enlightening researches of graphene. Macroscopic one-dimensional fiber is an optimal ordered structural form to express the in-plane merits of 2D nanomaterials, and the formation of liquid crystals (LCs) allows the creation of continuous fibers. In the correlated system from LCs to fibers, understanding their macroscopic organizing behavior and transforming them into new solid fibers is greatly significant for applications. Herein, we retrospect the history of 2D colloids and discuss about the concept of 2D nanomaterial fibers in the context of LCs, elaborating the motivation, principle and possible strategies of fabrication. Then we highlight the creation, development and typical applications of graphene fibers. Additionally, the latest advances of other 2D nanomaterial fibers are also summarized. Finally, conclusions, challenges and perspectives are provided to show great expectations of better and more fibrous materials of 2D nanomaterials. This review gives a comprehensive retrospect of the past century-long effort about the whole development of 2D colloids, and plots a clear roadmap - "lamellar solid - LCs - macroscopic fibers - flexible devices", which will certainly open a new era of structural-multifunctional application for the conventional 2D colloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhengdong Cheng
- Arti McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Chao Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Zhu Z, Li Y, Xu H, Peng X, Chen YN, Shang C, Zhang Q, Liu J, Wang H. Tough and Thermosensitive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels with Macroscopically Oriented Liquid Crystalline Structures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:15637-15644. [PMID: 27254730 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bulk graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite materials with macroscopically oriented GO liquid crystalline (LC) structures exhibit interesting anisotropic properties, but their facile preparations remain challenging. This work reports for the first time the facile preparation of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)/GO nanocomposite hydrogels with macroscopically oriented LC structures with the assistance of a flow field induced by vacuum degassing and the in situ polymerization accelerated by GO. The hydrogel prepared with a GO concentration of 5.0 mg mL(-1) exhibits macroscopically aligned LC structures, which endow the gels with anisotropic optical, mechanical properties, and dimensional changes during the phase transition. The hydrogels show dramatically enhanced tensile mechanical properties and phase transition rates. The oriented LC structures are not damaged during the phase transition of the PNIPAM/GO hydrogels, and hence their LC behavior undergoes reversible change. Moreover, highly oriented LC structures can also be formed when the gels are elongated, even for the gels which do not have macroscopically oriented LC structures. Very impressively, the oriented LC structures in the hydrogels can be permanently maintained by drying the gel samples elongated to and then kept at a constant tensile strain. The thermosensitive nature of PNIPAM and the angle-dependent nature of the macroscopically aligned GO LC structures allow the practical applications of the PNIPAM/GO hydrogels as optical switches, soft sensors, and actuators and so on.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xin Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Cong Shang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University , Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Narayan R, Kim JE, Kim JY, Lee KE, Kim SO. Graphene Oxide Liquid Crystals: Discovery, Evolution and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3045-68. [PMID: 26928388 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and relevant research progress in graphene oxide liquid crystals (GOLCs), the latest class of 2D nanomaterials exhibiting colloidal liquid crystallinity arising from the intrinsic disc-like shape anisotropy, is highlighted. GOLC has conferred a versatile platform for the development of novel properties and applications based on the facile controllability of molecular scale alignment. The first part of this review offers a brief introduction to LCs, including the theoretical background. Particular attention has been paid to the different types of LC phases that have been reported thus far, such as nematic, lamellar and chiral phases. Several key parameters governing the ultimate stability of GOLC behavior, including pH and ionic strength of aqueous dispersions are highlighted. In a relatively short span of time since its discovery, GOLCs have proved their remarkable potential in a broad spectrum of applications, including highly oriented wet-spun fibers, self-assembled nanocomposites, and architectures for energy storage devices. The second part of this review is devoted to an exclusive overview of the relevant applications. Finally, an outlook is provided into this newly emerging research field, where two well established scientific communities for carbon nanomaterials and liquid crystals are ideally merged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Narayan
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Lee
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ouk Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-Dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu M, He R, Yang J, Zhao W, Zhou C. Stripe-like Clay Nanotubes Patterns in Glass Capillary Tubes for Capture of Tumor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:7709-7719. [PMID: 26967539 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, we used capillary tubes to evaporate an aqueous dispersion of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in a controlled manner to prepare a patterned surface with ordered alignment of the nanotubes . Sodium polystyrenesulfonate (PSS) was added to improve the surface charges of the tubes. An increased negative charge of HNTs is realized by PSS coating (from -26.1 mV to -52.2 mV). When the HNTs aqueous dispersion concentration is higher than 10%, liquid crystal phenomenon of the dispersion is found. A typical shear flow behavior and decreased viscosity upon shear is found when HNTs dispersions with concentrations higher than 10%. Upon drying the HNTs aqueous dispersion in capillary tubes, a regular pattern is formed in the wall of the tube. The width and spacing of the bands increase with HNTs dispersion concentration and decrease with the drying temperature for a given initial concentration. Morphology results show that an ordered alignment of HNTs is found especially for the sample of 10%. The patterned surface can be used as a model for preparing PDMS molding with regular micro-/nanostructure. Also, the HNTs rough surfaces can provide much higher tumor cell capture efficiency compared to blank glass surfaces. The HNTs ordered surfaces provide promising application for biomedical areas such as biosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxian Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Changren Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lin F, Tong X, Wang Y, Bao J, Wang ZM. Graphene oxide liquid crystals: synthesis, phase transition, rheological property, and applications in optoelectronics and display. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:435. [PMID: 26546325 PMCID: PMC4636539 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-1139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) liquid crystals (LCs) are macroscopically ordered GO flakes dispersed in water or polar organic solvents. Since the first report in 2011, GO LCs have attracted considerable attention for their basic properties and potential device applications. In this review, we summarize recent developments and present a comprehensive understanding of GO LCs via many aspects ranging from the exfoliation of GO flakes from graphite, to phases and phase transitions under various conditions, the orientational responses of GO under external magnetic and electric fields, and finally Kerr effect and display applications. The emphasis is placed on the unique and basic properties of GO and their ordered assembly. We will also discuss challenges and issues that need to be overcome in order to gain a more fundamental understanding and exploit full device potentials of GO LCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Tong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanan Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Jiming Bao
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Zhiming M Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Facile reduction of graphene oxide at room temperature by ammonia borane via salting out effect. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
14
|
Wei Z, Pan R, Hou Y, Yang Y, Liu Y. Graphene-supported Pd catalyst for highly selective hydrogenation of resorcinol to 1, 3-cyclohexanedione through giant π-conjugate interactions. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15664. [PMID: 26494123 PMCID: PMC4616164 DOI: 10.1038/srep15664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective hydrogenation of resorcinol (RES) to 1, 3-cyclohexanedione (1,3-CHD) without the addition of alkali is a big challenge. In this article, a novel reduced graphene oxide (rGO) supported Pd catalyst was prepared through co-reduction method, over which we obtained 99.9% of resorcinol conversion and 94.2% of the ever-reported highest 1,3-cyclohexanedione selectivity at 25 °C in only CH2Cl2 solvent. The excellent selectivity was contributed to the strong π-π and p-π interactions between the graphene nanosheet and the benzene ring as well as hydroxyl in RES molecule. The followed adsorption experiment and Raman analysis also showed the existence of aromatic graphite structures in rGO, which exhibited stronger adsorption towards RES than towards 1,3-CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuojun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ruofei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yaxin Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yingxin Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu M, Huang J, Luo B, Zhou C. Tough and highly stretchable polyacrylamide nanocomposite hydrogels with chitin nanocrystals. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 78:23-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
16
|
Tai JT, Lai YC, Yang JH, Ho HC, Wang HF, Ho RM, Tsai DH. Quantifying Nanosheet Graphene Oxide Using Electrospray-Differential Mobility Analysis. Anal Chem 2015; 87:3884-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504671k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Ting Tai
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Chih Lai
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Center
for Measurement Standards, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jian-He Yang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Chia Ho
- Center
for Measurement Standards, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsiao-Fang Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - De-Hao Tsai
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhu Z, Song G, Liu J, Whitten PG, Liu L, Wang H. Liquid crystalline behavior of graphene oxide in the formation and deformation of tough nanocomposite hydrogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:14648-14657. [PMID: 25403024 DOI: 10.1021/la503815y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report the formation and transformation of graphene oxide (GO) liquid crystalline (LC) structures in the synthesis and deformation of tough GO nanocomposite hydrogels. GO aqueous dispersions form a nematic LC phase, while the addition of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and acrylamide (AAm), which are capable of forming hydrogen bonding with GO nanosheets, shifts the isotropic/nematic transition to a lower volume fraction of GO and enhances the formation of nematic droplets. During the gelation process, a phase separation of the polymers and GO nanosheets is accompanied by the directional assembly of GO nanosheets, forming large LC tactoids with a radial GO configuration. The shape of the large tactoids evolves from a sphere to a toroid as the tactoids increase in size. Interestingly, during cyclic uniaxial tensile deformation a reversible LC transition is observed in the very tough hydrogels. The isolated birefringent domains and the LC domains in the tactoids in the gels are highly oriented under a high tensile strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|