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Adamson SE, Li ZA, Hughes JW. Beta cell primary cilia mediate somatostatin responsiveness via SSTR3. Islets 2023; 15:2252855. [PMID: 37660302 PMCID: PMC10478741 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2023.2252855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin is a paracrine modulator of insulin secretion and beta cell function with pleotropic effects on glucose homeostasis. The mechanism of somatostatin-mediated communication between delta and beta cells is not well-understood, which we address in this study via the ciliary somatostatin receptor 3 (SSTR3). Primary cilia are membrane organelles that act as signaling hubs in islets by virtue of their subcellular location and enrichment in signaling proteins such as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). We show that SSTR3, a ciliary GPCR, mediates somatostatin suppression of insulin secretion in mouse islets. Quantitative analysis of calcium flux using a mouse model of genetically encoded beta cell-specific GCaMP6f calcium reporter shows that somatostatin signaling alters beta cell calcium flux after physiologic glucose stimulation, an effect that depends on endogenous SSTR3 expression and the presence of intact primary cilia on beta cells. Comparative in vitro studies using SSTR isoform antagonists demonstrate a role for SSTR3 in mediating somatostatin regulation of insulin secretion in mouse islets. Our findings support a model in which ciliary SSTR3 mediates a distinct pathway of delta-to-beta cell regulatory crosstalk and may serve as a target for paracrine modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha E. Adamson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Zipeng A. Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Jing W. Hughes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
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2
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Alur V, Raju V, Vastrad B, Vastrad C, Kavatagimath S, Kotturshetti S. Bioinformatics Analysis of Next Generation Sequencing Data Identifies Molecular Biomarkers Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 16:11795514231155635. [PMID: 36844983 PMCID: PMC9944228 DOI: 10.1177/11795514231155635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common metabolic disorder. The aim of the present investigation was to identify gene signature specific to T2DM. Methods The next generation sequencing (NGS) dataset GSE81608 was retrieved from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between T2DM and normal controls. Then, Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, modules, miRNA (micro RNA)-hub gene regulatory network construction and TF (transcription factor)-hub gene regulatory network construction, and topological analysis were performed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was also performed to verify the prognostic value of hub genes. Results A total of 927 DEGs (461 were up regulated and 466 down regulated genes) were identified in T2DM. GO and REACTOME results showed that DEGs mainly enriched in protein metabolic process, establishment of localization, metabolism of proteins, and metabolism. The top centrality hub genes APP, MYH9, TCTN2, USP7, SYNPO, GRB2, HSP90AB1, UBC, HSPA5, and SQSTM1 were screened out as the critical genes. ROC analysis provides prognostic value of hub genes. Conclusion The potential crucial genes, especially APP, MYH9, TCTN2, USP7, SYNPO, GRB2, HSP90AB1, UBC, HSPA5, and SQSTM1, might be linked with risk of T2DM. Our study provided novel insights of T2DM into genetics, molecular pathogenesis, and novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Alur
- Department of Endocrinology, J.J.M
Medical College, Davanagere, Karnataka, India
| | - Varshita Raju
- Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, J.J.M Medical College, Davanagere, Karnataka, India
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
K.L.E. College of Pharmacy, Gadag, Karnataka, India
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics,
Chanabasava Nilaya, Dharwad, Karnataka, India,Chanabasayya Vastrad, Biostatistics and
Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad, Karnataka 580001,
India.
| | - Satish Kavatagimath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, K.L.E.
College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
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3
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Soldatova NS, Semenov AV, Geyl KK, Baykov SV, Shetnev AA, Konstantinova AS, Korsakov MM, Yusubov MS, Postnikov PS. Copper‐Catalyzed Selective N‐Arylation of Oxadiazolones by Diaryliodonium Salts. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S. Soldatova
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk 634034 Russian Federation
| | - Artem V. Semenov
- M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies MIREA – Russian Technological University 86 Vernadskogo Pr Moscow 119571 Russian Federation
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St. Moscow 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Kirill K. Geyl
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V. Baykov
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Anton A. Shetnev
- Pharmaceutical Technology Transfer Centre Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky 108 Respublikanskaya St. Yaroslavl 150000 Russian Federation
| | - Anna S. Konstantinova
- Russian State University named after A.N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art) 33 Sadovnicheskaya St. Moscow 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail M. Korsakov
- Russian State University named after A.N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art) 33 Sadovnicheskaya St. Moscow 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Mekhman S. Yusubov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk 634034 Russian Federation
| | - Pavel S. Postnikov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk 634034 Russian Federation
- Department of Solid State Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Prague 16628 Czech Republic
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4
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Barbeito P, Tachibana Y, Martin-Morales R, Moreno P, Mykytyn K, Kobayashi T, Garcia-Gonzalo FR. HTR6 and SSTR3 ciliary targeting relies on both IC3 loops and C-terminal tails. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 4:4/3/e202000746. [PMID: 33372037 PMCID: PMC7772773 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ciliary accumulation of G protein–coupled receptors HTR6 and SSTR3 depends on redundant ciliary targeting sequences acting via ciliary trafficking adapters TULP3 and RABL2. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most common pharmacological target in human clinical practice. To perform their functions, many GPCRs must accumulate inside primary cilia, microtubule-based plasma membrane protrusions working as cellular antennae. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying GPCR ciliary targeting remain poorly understood. Serotonin receptor 6 (HTR6) and somatostatin receptor 3 (SSTR3) are two brain-enriched ciliary GPCRs involved in cognition and pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. Although the third intracellular loops (IC3) of HTR6 and SSTR3 suffice to target non-ciliary GPCRs to cilia, these IC3s are dispensable for ciliary targeting of HTR6 and SSTR3 themselves, suggesting these GPCRs contain additional ciliary targeting sequences (CTSs). Herein, we discover and characterize novel CTSs in HTR6 and SSTR3 C-terminal tails (CT). These CT-CTSs (CTS2) act redundantly with IC3-CTSs (CTS1), each being sufficient for ciliary targeting. In HTR6, RKQ and LPG motifs are critical for CTS1 and CTS2 function, respectively, whereas in SSTR3 these roles are mostly fulfilled by AP[AS]CQ motifs in IC3 and juxtamembrane residues in CT. Furthermore, we shed light on how these CTSs promote ciliary targeting by modulating binding to ciliary trafficking adapters TULP3 and RABL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Barbeito
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yuki Tachibana
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Raquel Martin-Morales
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Moreno
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kirk Mykytyn
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Neuroscience Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tetsuo Kobayashi
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Francesc R Garcia-Gonzalo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain .,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
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5
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Togo T, Sohma Y, Kuninobu Y, Kanai M. Palladium-Catalyzed C–H Heteroarylation of 2,5-Disubstituted Imidazoles. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:196-198. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Togo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Youhei Sohma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yoichiro Kuninobu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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6
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Günther T, Tulipano G, Dournaud P, Bousquet C, Csaba Z, Kreienkamp HJ, Lupp A, Korbonits M, Castaño JP, Wester HJ, Culler M, Melmed S, Schulz S. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CV. Somatostatin Receptors: Structure, Function, Ligands, and New Nomenclature. Pharmacol Rev 2019; 70:763-835. [PMID: 30232095 PMCID: PMC6148080 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.015388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin, also known as somatotropin-release inhibitory factor, is a cyclopeptide that exerts potent inhibitory actions on hormone secretion and neuronal excitability. Its physiologic functions are mediated by five G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) called somatostatin receptor (SST)1-5. These five receptors share common structural features and signaling mechanisms but differ in their cellular and subcellular localization and mode of regulation. SST2 and SST5 receptors have evolved as primary targets for pharmacological treatment of pituitary adenomas and neuroendocrine tumors. In addition, SST2 is a prototypical GPCR for the development of peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. This review article summarizes findings published in the last 25 years on the physiology, pharmacology, and clinical applications related to SSTs. We also discuss potential future developments and propose a new nomenclature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Günther
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Giovanni Tulipano
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Pascal Dournaud
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Corinne Bousquet
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Zsolt Csaba
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Hans-Jürgen Kreienkamp
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Amelie Lupp
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Márta Korbonits
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Michael Culler
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Shlomo Melmed
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (T.G., A.L., S.S.); Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy (G.T.); PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France (P.D., Z.C.); Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France (C.B.); Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.K.); Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (M.K.); Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain (J.P.C.); Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.-J.W.); Culler Consulting LLC, Hopkinton, Massachusetts (M.C.); and Pituitary Center, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California (S.M.)
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7
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Dai J, Dan W, Schneider U, Wang J. β-Carboline alkaloid monomers and dimers: Occurrence, structural diversity, and biological activities. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:622-656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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8
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Al-Awadhi FH, Gao B, Rezaei MA, Kwan JC, Li C, Ye T, Paul VJ, Luesch H. Discovery, Synthesis, Pharmacological Profiling, and Biological Characterization of Brintonamides A-E, Novel Dual Protease and GPCR Modulators from a Marine Cyanobacterium. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6364-6378. [PMID: 30015488 PMCID: PMC7341966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Five novel modified linear peptides named brintonamides A-E (1-5) were discovered from a marine cyanobacterial sample collected from Brinton Channel, Florida Keys. The total synthesis of 1-5 in addition to two other structurally related analogues (6 and 7) was achieved, which provided more material to allow rigorous biological evaluation and SAR studies. Compounds were subjected to cancer-focused phenotypic cell viability and migration assays and orthogonal target-based pharmacological screening platforms to identify their protease and GPCR modulatory activity profiles. The cancer related serine protease kallikrein 7 (KLK7) was inhibited to similar extents with an IC50 near 20 μM by both representative members 1 and 4, which differed in the presence or lack of the N-terminal unit. In contrast to the biochemical protease profiling study, clear SAR was observed in the functional GPCR screens, where five GPCRs in antagonist mode (CCR10, OXTR, SSTR3, TACR2) and agonist mode (CXCR7) were modulated by compounds 1-7 to varying extents. Chemokine receptor type 10 (CCR10) was potently modulated by brintonamide D (4) with an IC50 of 0.44 μM. We performed in silico modeling to understand the structural basis underlying the differences in the antagonistic activity among brintonamides toward CCR10. Because of the significance of KLK7 and CCR10 in cancer progression and metastasis, we demonstrated the ability of brintonamide D (4) at 10 μM to significantly target downstream cellular substrates of KLK7 (Dsg-2 and E-cad) in vitro and to inhibit CCL27-induced CCR10-mediated proliferation and the migration of highly invasive breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma H. Al-Awadhi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Bowen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mohammad A. Rezaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jason C. Kwan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Tao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Valerie J. Paul
- Smithsonian Marine Station, Fort Pierce, 701 Seaway Drive, Fort Pierce, Florida 34949, United States
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
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9
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Synthesis of All Stereoisomers of 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-N-methyl-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxamide. MOLBANK 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/m973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, all four stereoisomers of tryptoline or tetrahydro-β-carboline were synthesized in high yields by the catalyst-free amidation of methyl ester using methylamine under mild conditions. All isomers of the obtained amide and the precursor methyl ester were subjected to cell viability measurements on HeLa cells. The results indicated that the stereochemistry of the derivatives is clearly related to cell viability.
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10
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Farb TB, Adeva M, Beauchamp TJ, Cabrera O, Coates DA, Meredith TD, Droz BA, Efanov A, Ficorilli JV, Gackenheimer SL, Martinez-Grau MA, Molero V, Ruano G, Statnick MA, Suter TM, Syed SK, Toledo MA, Willard FS, Zhou X, Bokvist KB, Barrett DG. Regulation of Endogenous (Male) Rodent GLP-1 Secretion and Human Islet Insulin Secretion by Antagonism of Somatostatin Receptor 5. Endocrinology 2017; 158:3859-3873. [PMID: 28938487 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Incretin and insulin responses to nutrient loads are suppressed in persons with diabetes, resulting in decreased glycemic control. Agents including sulfonylureas and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) partially reverse these effects and provide therapeutic benefit; however, their modes of action limit efficacy. Because somatostatin (SST) has been shown to suppress insulin and glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion through the Gi-coupled SST receptor 5 (SSTR5) isoform in vitro, antagonism of SSTR5 may improve glycemic control via intervention in both pathways. Here, we show that a potent and selective SSTR5 antagonist reverses the blunting effects of SST on insulin secretion from isolated human islets, and demonstrate that SSTR5 antagonism affords increased levels of systemic GLP-1 in vivo. Knocking out Sstr5 in mice provided a similar increase in systemic GLP-1 levels, which were not increased further by treatment with the antagonist. Treatment of mice with the SSTR5 antagonist in combination with a DPP4i resulted in increases in systemic GLP-1 levels that were more than additive and resulted in greater glycemic control compared with either agent alone. In isolated human islets, the SSTR5 antagonist completely reversed the inhibitory effect of exogenous SST-14 on insulin secretion. Taken together, these data suggest that SSTR5 antagonism should increase circulating GLP-1 levels and stimulate insulin secretion (directly and via GLP-1) in humans, improving glycemic control in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Farb
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - Marta Adeva
- Centro de Investigacion Lilly, Eli Lilly and Company, 28108-Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas J Beauchamp
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - Over Cabrera
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - David A Coates
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | | | - Brian A Droz
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - Alexander Efanov
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - James V Ficorilli
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | | | - Maria A Martinez-Grau
- Centro de Investigacion Lilly, Eli Lilly and Company, 28108-Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoriano Molero
- Centro de Investigacion Lilly, Eli Lilly and Company, 28108-Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Ruano
- Centro de Investigacion Lilly, Eli Lilly and Company, 28108-Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael A Statnick
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - Todd M Suter
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - Samreen K Syed
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - Miguel A Toledo
- Centro de Investigacion Lilly, Eli Lilly and Company, 28108-Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francis S Willard
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - Xin Zhou
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - Krister B Bokvist
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - David G Barrett
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
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11
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Tarasco E, Seebeck P, Pfundstein S, Daly AF, Eugster PJ, Harris AG, Grouzmann E, Lutz TA, Boyle CN. Effect of AP102, a subtype 2 and 5 specific somatostatin analog, on glucose metabolism in rats. Endocrine 2017; 58:124-133. [PMID: 28822091 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1386-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Somatostatin analogs are widely used to treat conditions associated with hormonal hypersecretion such as acromegaly and metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. First generation somatostatin analogs, such as octreotide and lanreotide, have high affinity for somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2), but have incomplete efficacy in many patients. Pasireotide targets multiple SSTRs, having the highest affinity for SSTR5, but causes hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus in preclinical and clinical studies. AP102 is a new somatostatin analogs with high affinity at both SSTR2 and SSTR5. We aimed to characterize the effects of AP102 vs. pasireotide on random and dynamic glucose levels, glucoregulatory hormone concentrations and growth axis measures in healthy Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS Three doses of each compound were evaluated under acute conditions (1, 10, and 30 µg/kg s.c.), and two doses during a chronic (4-week) infusion (3 and 10 µg/kg/h s.c.). RESULTS Neither acute nor chronic AP102 administration altered blood glucose concentrations or dynamic responses following an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. In contrast, acute and chronic pasireotide dosing increased random and post-intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test blood glucose measures, compared to vehicle-treated controls. Both AP102 and pasireotide acutely suppressed growth hormone levels, although insulin-like growth factor-1 and somatic growth was suppressed to a greater extent with pasireotide. CONCLUSIONS AP102 is a new dual SSTR2/SSTR5-specific somatostatin analog that acutely reduces growth hormone but does not cause hyperglycemia during acute or chronic administration in a healthy rat model. Further studies in diabetic animals and in humans are necessary to determine the potential utility of AP102 in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Tarasco
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Seebeck
- Zurich Integrative Rodent Physiology (ZIRP), University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Svende Pfundstein
- Zurich Integrative Rodent Physiology (ZIRP), University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adrian F Daly
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe J Eugster
- Laboratoire des Catecholamines et Peptides, Service de Biomédecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alan G Harris
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Eric Grouzmann
- Laboratoire des Catecholamines et Peptides, Service de Biomédecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas A Lutz
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christina N Boyle
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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12
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Megyesi R, Mándi A, Kurtán T, Forró E, Fülöp F. Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Ethyl 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-β-carboline-1-carboxylate: Use of Different Hydrolases for Stereocomplementary Processes. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Megyesi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Attila Mándi
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Debrecen; P. O. Box 400 4002 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Tibor Kurtán
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Debrecen; P. O. Box 400 4002 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Enikő Forró
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
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13
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Guo L, Parker DL, Zang Y, Sweis RF, Liu W, Sherer EC, Buist N, Terebetski J, Kelly T, Bugianesi R, Priest BT, Dingley KH, Li X, Mitelman S, Salituro G, Trujillo ME, Pachanski M, Kirkland M, Powles MA, Eiermann GJ, Feng Y, Shang J, Howard AD, Ujjainwalla F, Sinz CJ, Debenham JS, Edmondson SD, Nargund RP, Hagmann WK, Li D. Discovery and Optimization of a Novel Triazole Series of GPR142 Agonists for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:1107-1111. [PMID: 27994747 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR142 has been identified as a potential glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A class of triazole GPR142 agonists was discovered through a high throughput screen. The lead compound 4 suffered from poor metabolic stability and poor solubility. Lead optimization strategies to improve potency, efficacy, metabolic stability, and solubility are described. This optimization led to compound 20e, which showed significant reduction of glucose excursion in wild-type but not in GPR142 deficient mice in an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) study. These studies provide strong evidence that reduction of glucose excursion through treatment with 20e is GPR142-mediated, and GPR142 agonists could be used as a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqin Guo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Dann L. Parker
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yi Zang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ramzi F. Sweis
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Edward C. Sherer
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Nicole Buist
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jenna Terebetski
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Terri Kelly
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Randal Bugianesi
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Birgit T. Priest
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Karen H. Dingley
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Stan Mitelman
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Gino Salituro
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Maria E. Trujillo
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Michele Pachanski
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Melissa Kirkland
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mary Ann Powles
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - George J. Eiermann
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yue Feng
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jin Shang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Andrew D. Howard
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Feroze Ujjainwalla
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Christopher J. Sinz
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - John S. Debenham
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Scott D. Edmondson
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - William K. Hagmann
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Derun Li
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, §Pharmacokenetics Pharmacodynamics Drug Metabolism, ∥Diabetes Research, and #Cardiometabolic Disease, Merck & Co., Inc., MRL, 126 East Lincoln Avenue, PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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SAR exploration at the C-3 position of tetrahydro-β-carboline sstr3 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1529-1535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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He S, Lai Z, Ye Z, Dobbelaar P, Shah SK, Truong Q, Du W, Guo L, Liu J, Jian T, Qi H, Bakshi R, Hong Q, Dellureficio J, Reibarkh M, Samuel K, Reddy V, Mitelman S, Tong SX, Chicchi GG, Tsao KL, Trusca D, Wu M, Shao Q, Trujillo M, Fernandez G, Nelson D, Bunting P, Kerr J, Fitzgerald P, Morissette P, Volksdorf S, Eiermann GJ, Li C, Zhang B, Howard A, Zhou YP, Nargund RP, Hagmann WK. Investigation of Cardiovascular Effects of Tetrahydro-β-carboline sstr3 antagonists. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:748-53. [PMID: 25050159 PMCID: PMC4094257 DOI: 10.1021/ml500028c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antagonism of somatostatin subtype receptor 3 (sstr3) has emerged as a potential treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Unfortunately, the development of our first preclinical candidate, MK-4256, was discontinued due to a dose-dependent QTc (QT interval corrected for heart rate) prolongation observed in a conscious cardiovascular (CV) dog model. As the fate of the entire program rested on resolving this issue, it was imperative to determine whether the observed QTc prolongation was associated with hERG channel (the protein encoded by the human Ether-à-go-go-Related Gene) binding or was mechanism-based as a result of antagonizing sstr3. We investigated a structural series containing carboxylic acids to reduce the putative hERG off-target activity. A key tool compound, 3A, was identified from this SAR effort. As a potent sstr3 antagonist, 3A was shown to reduce glucose excursion in a mouse oGTT assay. Consistent with its minimal hERG activity from in vitro assays, 3A elicited little to no effect in an anesthetized, vagus-intact CV dog model at high plasma drug levels. These results afforded the critical conclusion that sstr3 antagonism is not responsible for the QTc effects and therefore cleared a path for the program to progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen He
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Zhong Lai
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Zhixiong Ye
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Peter
H. Dobbelaar
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Shrenik K. Shah
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Quang Truong
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Wu Du
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Liangqin Guo
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Tianying Jian
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Raman
K. Bakshi
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Qingmei Hong
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - James Dellureficio
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Mikhail Reibarkh
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Koppara Samuel
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Vijay
B. Reddy
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Stan Mitelman
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Sharon X. Tong
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Gary G. Chicchi
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Kwei-Lan Tsao
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Dorina Trusca
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Margaret Wu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Qing Shao
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Maria
E. Trujillo
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Guillermo Fernandez
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Donald Nelson
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Patricia Bunting
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Janet Kerr
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Patrick Fitzgerald
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Pierre Morissette
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Sylvia Volksdorf
- Department
of Safety Assessment, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - George J. Eiermann
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Cai Li
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Bei Zhang
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Andrew
D. Howard
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yun-Ping Zhou
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ravi P. Nargund
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - William K. Hagmann
- Merck Research Laboratories, Departments of Medicinal
Chemistry, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and Diabetes Research, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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